JP6492478B2

JP6492478B2 - Calculation method, apparatus and program for amount of coal supply in grinding plant

Info

Publication number: JP6492478B2
Application number: JP2014189252A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 浩児柴本; 鈴木　大; 大鈴木
Original assignee: Nippon Steel Corp
Current assignee: Nippon Steel Corp
Priority date: 2014-09-17
Filing date: 2014-09-17
Publication date: 2019-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 2034-09-17
Also published as: JP2016059866A

Description

本発明は、粉砕プラントにおける給炭量の演算方法、装置及びプログラムに関する。 The present invention relates to a method, an apparatus, and a program for calculating a coal supply amount in a pulverization plant.

従来から、微粉炭やセメント等を製造するための粉砕プラントとして、例えば特許文献１に開示されたものが知られている。
まず、燃料ガスと燃焼エアとを熱ガス発生装置に供給し、熱ガス発生装置において、熱風を排ガスとして発生させる。排ガスは、原料の粉砕を行う粉砕機の内部に供給される。粉砕機で粉砕された原料は、排ガスと共にバグフィルターに供給され、バグフィルターで捕集される。その後、排ガスは、循環ファンで昇圧されて循環ガスとして再び熱ガス発生装置に供給される。このように熱ガス発生装置で発生した排ガス（熱風）は、熱ガス発生装置から、粉砕機、バグフィルターを経由して熱ガス発生装置に循環される。以下の説明では、このような粉砕プラントを「排ガス循環系粉砕プラント」と称する。 Conventionally, what was disclosed by patent document 1, for example is known as a pulverization plant for manufacturing pulverized coal, cement, etc.
First, fuel gas and combustion air are supplied to a hot gas generator, and hot air is generated as exhaust gas in the hot gas generator. The exhaust gas is supplied to the inside of a pulverizer that pulverizes the raw material. The raw material pulverized by the pulverizer is supplied to the bag filter together with the exhaust gas, and is collected by the bag filter. Thereafter, the exhaust gas is pressurized by a circulation fan and supplied again to the hot gas generator as a circulation gas. The exhaust gas (hot air) generated by the hot gas generator in this way is circulated from the hot gas generator to the hot gas generator via a pulverizer and a bag filter. In the following description, such a pulverization plant is referred to as an “exhaust gas circulation system pulverization plant”.

排ガス循環系粉砕プラントを管理するための指標として、粉砕機の入口側の温度（以下、「ミル入口温度」と称する）と、粉砕機の出口側の温度（以下、「ミル出口温度」と称する）とがある。
ミル入口温度は、熱ガス過熱防止のための管理指標として用いられる。
ミル出口温度は、石炭乾燥のための管理指標として用いられる。ミル出口温度が下がると石炭を十分に乾燥できなくなるため、ミル出口温度は一定にすることが好ましい。 As an index for managing the exhaust gas circulation system pulverization plant, the temperature on the inlet side of the pulverizer (hereinafter referred to as “mill inlet temperature”) and the temperature on the outlet side of the pulverizer (hereinafter referred to as “mill outlet temperature”). )
The mill inlet temperature is used as a management index for preventing hot gas overheating.
The mill outlet temperature is used as a management index for coal drying. Since the coal cannot be sufficiently dried when the mill outlet temperature decreases, the mill outlet temperature is preferably constant.

例えば特許文献２には、ミル入口温度計測値がミル入口温度設定値以上になったことを検知する検知手段からの制御信号によってミル出口温度設定値を下げる技術が開示されている。
また、特許文献３には、ミル入口空気温度がミル入口空気温度設定値より高く且つミル入口空気温度偏差が規定値以上となった場合に、一旦ミル出口温度制御を中止すると共に、ミル入口空気温度偏差に応じてミル一次空気ダンパの開度を増加させ、ミルへ供給される一次空気流量を増加させる技術が開示されている。
また、特許文献４には、石炭の水分量と粉砕性を推定すると共に、出炭量３８を推定する技術が開示されている。 For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for lowering the mill outlet temperature set value by a control signal from a detection unit that detects that the mill inlet temperature measured value is equal to or higher than the mill inlet temperature set value.
Patent Document 3 discloses that when the mill inlet air temperature is higher than the mill inlet air temperature set value and the mill inlet air temperature deviation exceeds a specified value, the mill outlet temperature control is temporarily stopped and the mill inlet air temperature is temporarily stopped. A technique for increasing the primary air flow rate supplied to the mill by increasing the opening of the mill primary air damper in accordance with the temperature deviation is disclosed.
Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for estimating the moisture content and pulverizability of coal and estimating the coal output 38.

特開２０１１−２１９５９９号公報JP 2011-219599 A 特開２００６−１０２６６６号公報JP 2006-102666 A 特開平１０−２８１４５３号公報JP-A-10-281453 特開２０００−１７１０２８号公報JP 2000-171028 A

ミル入口伸縮管の耐熱温度や石炭の発火温度の関係から、ミル入口温度には上限が設定される。そのため、排ガス循環系粉砕プラントにおいては、ミル入口温度が上限を超えないよう注意しながら運転しなければならない。
ミル入口温度を下げるためには、バーナー負荷を下げる必要がある。そのためには必要な熱負荷を下げる必要があるので、結果的に給炭量を下げる運転を行う必要がある。しかしながら、当然のことながら、給炭量を下げると微粉炭の生産量が下がってしまうため、給炭量はできるだけ下げないのが好ましい。
ミル入口温度が上限を超えない範囲で最大の給炭量はどれだけになるのかは、操業データを見るだけでは判断が難しい。 From the relationship between the heat resistance temperature of the mill inlet expansion tube and the ignition temperature of coal, an upper limit is set for the mill inlet temperature. Therefore, in an exhaust gas circulation system pulverization plant, it must be operated with care so that the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit.
In order to lower the mill inlet temperature, it is necessary to lower the burner load. In order to do so, it is necessary to reduce the necessary heat load. As a result, it is necessary to perform an operation to reduce the amount of coal supply. However, as a matter of course, since the production amount of pulverized coal decreases when the coal supply amount is reduced, it is preferable that the coal supply amount is not reduced as much as possible.
It is difficult to determine how much the maximum amount of coal supply will be within the range where the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit only by looking at the operation data.

本発明は上記のような点に鑑みてなされたものであり、粉砕機の入口温度が上限を超えない範囲での好適な最大原料供給可能量や原料の増加可能量を演算できるようにすることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is capable of calculating a suitable maximum raw material supplyable amount and a raw material increaseable amount within a range where the inlet temperature of the pulverizer does not exceed the upper limit. With the goal.

本発明の粉砕プラントにおける給炭量の演算方法は、熱風を排ガスとして発生する熱ガス発生装置と、石炭を粉砕し、粉砕後の石炭を前記熱ガス発生装置で発生する排ガスの流れに乗せて外部に放出する粉砕機と、前記粉砕機から排ガスの流れに乗って放出された粉砕後の石炭を捕集する捕集機とを有し、前記粉砕機の出口温度を目標温度に追従させるように前記熱ガス発生装置を操作するフィードバック制御を行う粉砕プラントにおける給炭量の演算方法であって、前記粉砕プラントにおける入熱と出熱とにおいて、石炭水分に関係する熱量は、入熱となる石炭水分持込熱量と、出熱となる潜熱とであって、前記粉砕プラントにおける入熱と出熱との熱収支が保たれているとの前提に基づいて、石炭水分推定手段において、前記石炭水分に関係する熱量を求めて、推定石炭水分を求める石炭水分推定ステップと、定常時最大給炭可能量演算手段において、石炭水分ｗ _Iと、時間あたりの給炭量で表される給炭量設定変化率制限Ｆ _Cと、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR と、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR に加えることで外気温を求めるための外気温補正値Ｔ _OFF と、過去の操業データに基づいて得られる係数α、β、γ、εとから前記粉砕機の入口温度予測値Ｔ _IESTを求める計算式（Ａ）を用いて、
Ｔ _IEST ＝α×Ｆ _C ×ｗ _I ／（１００−ｗ _I ）
＋β×Ｆ _C ×ｗ _I ×（Ｔ _PAIR ＋Ｔ _OFF ）／（１００−ｗ _I ）
＋γ×Ｆ _C ×（Ｔ _PAIR ＋Ｔ _OFF ）
＋ε・・・（Ａ）
前記石炭水分推定ステップで求めた推定石炭水分ｗ _I と、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR と、予め設定された外気温補正値Ｔ _OFF とを代入し、さらに前記粉砕機の入口温度予測値Ｔ _IEST として前記粉砕機の入口温度設定値Ｔ _IMAX を代入し、前記給炭量設定変化率制限Ｆ _Cを定常時最大給炭可能量として、定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRを求める定常時最大給炭可能量演算ステップと、給炭量の変化に応じた前記粉砕機の入口温度の過渡的な上昇分を予測した結果に基づいて、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算ステップの前記計算式（Ａ）と同じ計算式により求めた定常時最大給炭可能量までの給炭量の増加分として表される定常時最大給炭増加可能量と、前記粉砕機の入口温度のピーク温度が上限を超えないように設定された給炭増加可能量とを対応付けた情報を記憶部に記憶しておき、給炭増加可能量演算手段において、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算ステップで求めた定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRと現在の給炭量との差を現在の定常時最大給炭増加可能量として求め、前記記憶部に記憶した情報に基づいて、給炭増加可能量を求める給炭増加可能量演算ステップとを有することを特徴とする。
また、本発明の粉砕プラントにおける給炭量の演算方法の他の特徴とするところは、前記給炭増加可能量演算ステップでは、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算ステップで求めた定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRと現在の給炭量との差が閾値を超えている場合、前記記憶部に記憶した情報に基づいて、給炭増加可能量を求め、前記閾値以下の場合、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算ステップで求めた定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRを、最大給炭可能量とする点にある。
本発明の粉砕プラントにおける給炭量の演算装置は、熱風を排ガスとして発生する熱ガス発生装置と、石炭を粉砕し、粉砕後の石炭を前記熱ガス発生装置で発生する排ガスの流れに乗せて外部に放出する粉砕機と、前記粉砕機から排ガスの流れに乗って放出された粉砕後の石炭を捕集する捕集機とを有し、前記粉砕機の出口温度を目標温度に追従させるように前記熱ガス発生装置を操作するフィードバック制御を行う粉砕プラントにおける給炭量の演算装置であって、前記粉砕プラントにおける入熱と出熱とにおいて、石炭水分に関係する熱量は、入熱となる石炭水分持込熱量と、出熱となる潜熱とであって、前記粉砕プラントにおける入熱と出熱との熱収支が保たれているとの前提に基づいて、石炭水分推定手段において、前記石炭水分に関係する熱量を求めて、推定石炭水分を求める石炭水分推定手段と、石炭水分ｗ _Iと、時間あたりの給炭量で表される給炭量設定変化率制限Ｆ _Cと、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR と、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR に加えることで外気温を求めるための外気温補正値Ｔ _OFF と、過去の操業データに基づいて得られる係数α、β、γ、εとから前記粉砕機の入口温度予測値Ｔ _IESTを求める計算式（Ａ）を用いて、
Ｔ _IEST ＝α×Ｆ _C ×ｗ _I ／（１００−ｗ _I ）
＋β×Ｆ _C ×ｗ _I ×（Ｔ _PAIR ＋Ｔ _OFF ）／（１００−ｗ _I ）
＋γ×Ｆ _C ×（Ｔ _PAIR ＋Ｔ _OFF ）
＋ε・・・（Ａ）
前記石炭水分推定手段で求めた推定石炭水分ｗ _I と、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR と、予め設定された外気温補正値Ｔ _OFF とを代入し、さらに前記粉砕機の入口温度予測値Ｔ _IEST として前記粉砕機の入口温度設定値Ｔ _IMAX を代入し、前記給炭量設定変化率制限Ｆ _Cを定常時最大給炭可能量として、定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRを求める定常時最大給炭可能量演算手段と、給炭量の変化に応じた前記粉砕機の入口温度の過渡的な上昇分を予測した結果に基づいて、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算手段の前記計算式（Ａ）と同じ計算式により求めた定常時最大給炭可能量までの給炭量の増加分として表される定常時最大給炭増加可能量と、前記粉砕機の入口温度のピーク温度が上限を超えないように設定された給炭増加可能量とを対応付けた情報を記憶する記憶部と、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算手段で求めた定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRと現在の給炭量との差を現在の定常時最大給炭増加可能量として求め、前記記憶部に記憶した情報に基づいて、給炭増加可能量を求める給炭増加可能量演算手段とを備えたことを特徴とする。
本発明のプログラムは、熱風を排ガスとして発生する熱ガス発生装置と、石炭を粉砕し、粉砕後の石炭を前記熱ガス発生装置で発生する排ガスの流れに乗せて外部に放出する粉砕機と、前記粉砕機から排ガスの流れに乗って放出された粉砕後の石炭を捕集する捕集機とを有し、前記粉砕機の出口温度を目標温度に追従させるように前記熱ガス発生装置を操作するフィードバック制御を行う粉砕プラントにおける給炭量を演算するためのプログラムであって、前記粉砕プラントにおける入熱と出熱とにおいて、石炭水分に関係する熱量は、入熱となる石炭水分持込熱量と、出熱となる潜熱とであって、前記粉砕プラントにおける入熱と出熱との熱収支が保たれているとの前提に基づいて、石炭水分推定手段において、前記石炭水分に関係する熱量を求めて、推定石炭水分を求める石炭水分推定手段と、石炭水分ｗ _Iと、時間あたりの給炭量で表される給炭量設定変化率制限Ｆ _Cと、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR と、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR に加えることで外気温を求めるための外気温補正値Ｔ _OFF と、過去の操業データに基づいて得られる係数α、β、γ、εとから前記粉砕機の入口温度予測値Ｔ _IESTを求める計算式（Ａ）を用いて、
Ｔ _IEST ＝α×Ｆ _C ×ｗ _I ／（１００−ｗ _I ）
＋β×Ｆ _C ×ｗ _I ×（Ｔ _PAIR ＋Ｔ _OFF ）／（１００−ｗ _I ）
＋γ×Ｆ _C ×（Ｔ _PAIR ＋Ｔ _OFF ）
＋ε・・・（Ａ）
前記石炭水分推定手段で求めた推定石炭水分ｗ _I と、希釈エア温度Ｔ _PAIR と、予め設定された外気温補正値Ｔ _OFF とを代入し、さらに前記粉砕機の入口温度予測値Ｔ _IEST として前記粉砕機の入口温度設定値Ｔ _IMAX を代入し、前記給炭量設定変化率制限Ｆ _Cを定常時最大給炭可能量として、定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRを求める定常時最大給炭可能量演算手段と、給炭量の変化に応じた前記粉砕機の入口温度の過渡的な上昇分を予測した結果に基づいて、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算手段の前記計算式（Ａ）と同じ計算式により求めた定常時最大給炭可能量までの給炭量の増加分として表される定常時最大給炭増加可能量と、前記粉砕機の入口温度のピーク温度が上限を超えないように設定された給炭増加可能量とを対応付けた情報を記憶する記憶部と、前記定常時最大給炭可能量演算手段で求めた定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ _CMAXRと現在の給炭量との差を現在の定常時最大給炭増加可能量として求め、前記記憶部に記憶した情報に基づいて、給炭増加可能量を求める給炭増加可能量演算手段としてコンピュータを機能させる。 The calculation method of the amount of coal supply in the pulverization plant of the present invention includes a hot gas generator that generates hot air as exhaust gas, and pulverizes the coal and places the pulverized coal on the flow of exhaust gas generated by the hot gas generator. A pulverizer that discharges to the outside, and a collector that collects the pulverized coal released from the pulverizer in the flow of exhaust gas, and causes the outlet temperature of the pulverizer to follow the target temperature. A method for calculating the amount of coal supply in a pulverization plant that performs feedback control for operating the hot gas generator, wherein the heat amount related to coal moisture in heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant is heat input. Based on the premise that the heat balance between heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant is maintained, the coal moisture estimation means, To moisture Seeking amount of heat engagement, and coal moisture estimating step of determining an estimated coal moisture, the maximum coal feed can amount calculation means steady state, coal feed amount setting where the coal moisture w _I, represented by the coal feed amount per time Change rate limit F _C , dilution air temperature T _PAIR , outside air temperature correction value T _OFF for obtaining outside air temperature by adding to dilution air temperature T _PAIR , and coefficients α and β obtained based on past operation data Using the calculation formula (A) for _{obtaining the} estimated temperature T _IEST of the pulverizer from γ, ε ,
T _IEST = α × F _C × w _I / (100−w _I )
_{_{+ Β × F C × w I}} × (T PAIR + T OFF) / (100-w I)
+ Γ × F _C × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
+ Ε (A)
Substituting the estimated coal moisture w _I obtained in the coal moisture estimation step , the dilution air temperature T _PAIR, and a preset outside air temperature correction value T _OFF, and further , as the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the pulverizer By substituting the inlet temperature setting value T _IMAX for the pulverizer and using the coal supply amount setting rate of change limit F _C as the maximum steady state coal supply amount , the maximum steady state coal supply amount F _CMAXR is obtained. On the basis of the amount calculation step and the result of predicting a transient increase in the inlet temperature of the pulverizer according to the change in the amount of coal supply, the calculation formula (A) of the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation step The maximum steady-state coal supply increase possible amount expressed as an increase in the coal supply amount up to the maximum steady-state coal supply amount obtained by the same calculation formula as above, and the peak temperature of the inlet temperature of the crusher does not exceed the upper limit. Information that correlates with the possible increase in coal supply Is stored in the storage unit, coal feed at increasing available amount calculating means, the difference between the maximum coal feed can amount calculating maximum coal feed amount capable steady obtained in step steady F _CMAXR and current coal feed amount currently And a step of calculating an increase in the amount of coal supply that can be calculated based on the information stored in the storage unit.
Further, another feature of the calculation method of the coal supply amount in the pulverization plant of the present invention is that, in the coal supply increaseable amount calculation step, the steady state maximum supply amount calculated in the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation step. When the difference between the charcoal available amount F _CMAXR and the current coal supply amount exceeds a threshold value, the coal supply increase possible amount is obtained based on the information stored in the storage unit. The point is that the maximum coal supply amount F _CMAXR in steady state obtained in the maximum coal supply amount calculation step is _set as the maximum coal supply amount.
The calculation device of the coal supply amount in the pulverization plant of the present invention includes a hot gas generator that generates hot air as exhaust gas, and pulverizes the coal, and puts the pulverized coal on the flow of exhaust gas generated by the hot gas generator. A pulverizer that discharges to the outside, and a collector that collects the pulverized coal released from the pulverizer in the flow of exhaust gas, and causes the outlet temperature of the pulverizer to follow the target temperature. The apparatus for calculating the amount of coal supply in the pulverization plant that performs feedback control for operating the hot gas generator, and the heat amount related to the coal moisture in the heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant is heat input. Based on the premise that the heat balance between heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant is maintained, the coal moisture estimation means, To moisture Seeking amount of heat engagement, and coal moisture estimating means for obtaining an estimated coal moisture, and coal water w _I, and coal feed amount setting change rate limiter F _C represented by coal feed amount per time, diluted air temperature T _{From the PAIR} , the outside air temperature correction value T _OFF for obtaining the outside air temperature by adding to the dilution air temperature T _PAIR , and the coefficients α, β, γ, ε obtained based on the past operation data, the inlet of the pulverizer Using the calculation formula (A) for _{obtaining the} predicted temperature value T _IEST ,
T _IEST = α × F _C × w _I / (100−w _I )
_{_{+ Β × F C × w I}} × (T PAIR + T OFF) / (100-w I)
+ Γ × F _C × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
+ Ε (A)
Substituting the estimated coal moisture w _I obtained by the coal moisture estimation means , the dilution air temperature T _PAIR, and the preset outside air temperature correction value T _OFF, and further , as the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the pulverizer By substituting the inlet temperature setting value T _IMAX for the pulverizer and using the coal supply amount setting rate of change limit F _C as the maximum steady state coal supply amount , the maximum steady state coal supply amount F _CMAXR is obtained. The calculation formula (A) of the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation means based on the amount calculation means and the result of predicting the transient increase in the inlet temperature of the pulverizer according to the change in the coal supply amount The maximum steady-state coal supply increase possible amount expressed as an increase in the coal supply amount up to the maximum steady-state coal supply amount obtained by the same calculation formula as above, and the peak temperature of the inlet temperature of the crusher does not exceed the upper limit. To store information that correlates with the possible increase in coal supply Parts and the determined as steady state maximum coal feed can amount calculating means with the maximum possible steady coal feed calculated amount F _CMAXR the current constant at the maximum coal feed increase can amount to the difference between the current coal feed amount, the storage It is provided with the coal supply increase possible quantity calculating means which calculates | requires the coal supply increase possible quantity based on the information memorize | stored in the part.
The program of the present invention includes a hot gas generator that generates hot air as exhaust gas, a pulverizer that pulverizes coal and discharges the pulverized coal to the outside on a flow of exhaust gas generated by the hot gas generator; A collector that collects the coal after pulverization released from the pulverizer in the flow of exhaust gas, and operates the hot gas generator so that the outlet temperature of the pulverizer follows the target temperature. A program for calculating a coal supply amount in a pulverization plant that performs feedback control, and in heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant, a heat amount related to coal moisture is a heat amount of coal moisture brought into the heat input. And the latent heat as the output heat, and the heat related to the coal moisture in the coal moisture estimation means based on the premise that the heat balance between the input heat and the output heat in the pulverization plant is maintained. The seeking, and coal moisture estimating means for obtaining an estimated coal moisture, and coal water w _I, and coal feed amount setting change rate limiter F _C represented by coal feed amount per time, a diluted air temperature T _PAIR, and outside air temperature correction value T _OFF for determining the outside air temperature by adding the dilution air temperature T _PAIR, coefficient obtained based on past operation data α, β, γ, inlet temperature prediction value of the pulverizer and a ε _Using formula (A) to calculate T _IEST ,
T _IEST = α × F _C × w _I / (100−w _I )
_{_{+ Β × F C × w I}} × (T PAIR + T OFF) / (100-w I)
+ Γ × F _C × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
+ Ε (A)
Substituting the estimated coal moisture w _I obtained by the coal moisture estimation means , the dilution air temperature T _PAIR, and the preset outside air temperature correction value T _OFF, and further , as the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the pulverizer By substituting the inlet temperature setting value T _IMAX for the pulverizer and using the coal supply amount setting rate of change limit F _C as the maximum steady state coal supply amount , the maximum steady state coal supply amount F _CMAXR is obtained. The calculation formula (A) of the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation means based on the amount calculation means and the result of predicting the transient increase in the inlet temperature of the pulverizer according to the change in the coal supply amount The maximum steady-state coal supply increase possible amount expressed as an increase in the coal supply amount up to the maximum steady-state coal supply amount obtained by the same calculation formula as above, and the peak temperature of the inlet temperature of the crusher does not exceed the upper limit. To store information that correlates with the possible increase in coal supply Parts and the determined as steady state maximum coal feed can amount calculating means with the maximum possible steady coal feed calculated amount F _CMAXR the current constant at the maximum coal feed increase can amount to the difference between the current coal feed amount, the storage Based on the information memorize | stored in the part, a computer is functioned as a coal supply increaseable amount calculating means for obtaining a coal supply increaseable amount.

本発明によれば、粉砕機の入口温度が上限を超えない範囲での好適な最大原料供給可能量や原料の増加可能量を演算することができので、粉砕プラントの設備保護と生産性の両立を容易に図ることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to calculate a suitable maximum raw material supplyable amount and an increaseable amount of raw material within a range where the inlet temperature of the crusher does not exceed the upper limit. Can be easily achieved.

実施形態における排ガス循環系のＰＣＩプラントの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the PCI plant of the exhaust gas circulation system in embodiment. 実施形態に係る給炭量演算装置の機能構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the function structure of the coal supply calculating apparatus which concerns on embodiment. 排ガス循環系のＰＣＩプラントにおける入熱と出熱の熱収支を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the heat balance of the heat input and output heat in the PCI plant of an exhaust gas circulation system. ミル入口温度の予測値と実績値とを示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the estimated value and track record value of mill inlet_port | entrance temperature. シミュレーションを実行するフィードバック制御系のブロック線図である。It is a block diagram of the feedback control system which performs simulation. シミュレーションの結果を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the result of simulation. シミュレーションの結果を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the result of simulation. シミュレーションの結果を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the result of simulation. 記憶部に記憶する情報の例を示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the example of the information memorize | stored in a memory | storage part. 実施例における時間と、給炭量・最大給炭可能量及びミル入口温度とを示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the time in an Example, the amount of coal supply, the maximum amount of coal supply, and mill inlet temperature. 実施例における時間と、給炭量・最大給炭可能量及びミル入口温度とを示す特性図である。It is a characteristic view which shows the time in an Example, the amount of coal supply, the maximum amount of coal supply, and mill inlet temperature.

以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態では、粉砕プラントが、高炉への微粉炭の吹込み（ＰＣＩ：Pulverized Coal Injection）を行うために石炭を粉砕する、排ガス循環系のＰＣＩプラント（以下、単にＰＣＩプラントと記す）である場合を例に挙げて説明する。
図１は、ＰＣＩプラントの構成例を示す図である。図１において、各構成要素を繋ぐ実線は配管を示し、破線は信号の伝達経路を示す。また、矢印線は、配管内のガスや石炭の進行方向を示す。 Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the present embodiment, the pulverization plant is an exhaust gas circulation PCI plant (hereinafter simply referred to as a PCI plant) that pulverizes coal to perform pulverized coal injection (PCI: Pulverized Coal Injection). A case will be described as an example.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a PCI plant. In FIG. 1, a solid line connecting each component indicates piping, and a broken line indicates a signal transmission path. Moreover, an arrow line shows the advancing direction of the gas and coal in piping.

図１において、熱ガス発生装置１０１は、一又は複数のバーナーを有し、燃料ガス及び燃焼エア（空気）をバーナーへの入力として、バーナーの空燃比を制御し、熱風を排ガスとして発生させる。排ガスの酸素濃度は略０％である。本実施形態では、燃料ガスとしてＢＦＧ（Blast Furnace Gas）を利用する。空燃比制御は、温度制御装置２００から送信されるバーナー負荷と、バーナーに供給されている燃料ガス及び燃焼エアの流量とを入力として、空燃比を制御（例えばフィードバック制御）して、バーナーに供給する燃料ガス・燃焼エアの流量を調整する弁の開度をそれぞれ調整することにより行われる。ここで、バーナー負荷とは、バーナーに供給できる燃料ガスの流量の最大値に対する、バーナーに供給する燃料ガスの流量の割合を示すものである。また、空燃比制御は、プログラマブルロジックコントローラ（ＰＬＣ）等を用いることにより公知の技術で実現できるので、ここでは、その詳細な説明を省略する。
燃焼エアファン１０２は、熱ガス発生装置１０１に燃焼エアを送り込む。 In FIG. 1, a hot gas generator 101 has one or a plurality of burners, uses fuel gas and combustion air (air) as inputs to the burner, controls the air-fuel ratio of the burner, and generates hot air as exhaust gas. The oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas is approximately 0%. In the present embodiment, BFG (Blast Furnace Gas) is used as the fuel gas. In the air-fuel ratio control, the burner load transmitted from the temperature control device 200 and the flow rates of the fuel gas and combustion air supplied to the burner are input, and the air-fuel ratio is controlled (for example, feedback control) and supplied to the burner. This is done by adjusting the opening of each valve for adjusting the flow rate of the fuel gas and combustion air. Here, the burner load indicates the ratio of the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the burner to the maximum value of the flow rate of the fuel gas that can be supplied to the burner. Further, the air-fuel ratio control can be realized by a known technique by using a programmable logic controller (PLC) or the like, and therefore detailed description thereof is omitted here.
The combustion air fan 102 sends combustion air into the hot gas generator 101.

バンカー１０３は、原料である石炭を貯蔵する。
給炭機１０４は、チェーンコンベアを有し、バンカー１０３内に貯蔵されている石炭をチェーンコンベアにより切り出してミル１０５に投入する。
ミル１０５は、給炭機１０４から投入された石炭を粉砕する粉砕機である。ミル１０５は、例えばロールミル１０５ａと粉砕テーブル１０５ｂとを有する。ミル１０５の上部から投入された石炭をロールミル１０５ａと粉砕テーブル１０５ｂとの間に供給する。回転している粉砕テーブル１０５ｂに対してロールミル１０５ａを押し付けながら回転させることにより、石炭は押し潰されて粉砕される。粉砕された石炭（以下、微粉炭と称する）は、熱ガス発生装置１０１から供給された排ガスの流れにのって、ミル１０５の上部に供給され、分級機で分級された後、外部に放出される。 The bunker 103 stores coal as a raw material.
The coal feeder 104 has a chain conveyor, cuts coal stored in the bunker 103 by the chain conveyor, and puts it into the mill 105.
The mill 105 is a pulverizer that pulverizes coal supplied from the coal feeder 104. The mill 105 includes, for example, a roll mill 105a and a crushing table 105b. Coal input from the upper part of the mill 105 is supplied between the roll mill 105a and the crushing table 105b. By rotating the pulverizing table 105b while pressing the roll mill 105a, the coal is crushed and pulverized. The pulverized coal (hereinafter referred to as pulverized coal) is supplied to the upper part of the mill 105 along the flow of the exhaust gas supplied from the hot gas generator 101, classified by a classifier, and then discharged to the outside. Is done.

シールエアファン１０６は、ミル１０５の内部（粉砕テーブル１０５ｂの軸受部）の隙間にシールエアを供給することにより、その隙間から外部に放出されようとする微粉炭を、熱ガス発生装置１０１から供給された排ガスの流れに押し戻す。ミル１０５の内部の圧力がシールエアの圧力未満になるように、シールエアの流速が定められる。このように、シールエアファン１０６は、粉砕テーブル１０５ｂの軸受部に微粉炭が進入し、その結果として、粉砕テーブル１０５ｂの軸受部の潤滑不良が起こることと、粉砕テーブル１０５ｂの軸受部から外部に放出されることとを防止する。 The seal air fan 106 is supplied with the pulverized coal to be discharged to the outside from the gap by supplying the seal air into the gap inside the mill 105 (bearing portion of the crushing table 105b). Push back into the exhaust gas flow. The flow rate of the seal air is determined so that the pressure inside the mill 105 is less than the pressure of the seal air. In this way, the seal air fan 106 has pulverized coal entering the bearing portion of the pulverizing table 105b, resulting in poor lubrication of the bearing portion of the pulverizing table 105b and from the bearing portion of the pulverizing table 105b to the outside. To prevent being released.

ミル出口温度計１１０は、ミル１０５の出口側の所定の位置における温度（配管内の微粉炭の温度）を測定する。
ミル入口温度計１２０は、ミル１０５の入口側の所定の位置における温度（配管内の熱風の温度）を測定する。 The mill outlet thermometer 110 measures the temperature at the predetermined position on the outlet side of the mill 105 (the temperature of the pulverized coal in the pipe).
The mill inlet thermometer 120 measures the temperature at a predetermined position on the inlet side of the mill 105 (temperature of hot air in the pipe).

バグフィルター１０７は、ミル１０５から放出された微粉炭を、濾布を用いて捕集する濾過式の捕集機である。微粉炭以外の異物がバグフィルター１０７で捕集されることがある。
異物除去装置１０８は、バグフィルター１０７で捕集された異物を除去する。
リザーブタンク１０９は、異物除去装置１０８で異物が除去された微粉炭を貯蔵する。リザーブタンク１０９に貯蔵された微粉炭は、高炉の羽口から高炉の内部に吹き込まれる（微粉炭吹き込みが行われる）。 The bag filter 107 is a filtration type collector that collects pulverized coal discharged from the mill 105 using a filter cloth. Foreign matter other than pulverized coal may be collected by the bag filter 107.
The foreign matter removing device 108 removes the foreign matter collected by the bag filter 107.
The reserve tank 109 stores pulverized coal from which foreign matter has been removed by the foreign matter removing device 108. The pulverized coal stored in the reserve tank 109 is blown into the blast furnace from the tuyere of the blast furnace (pulverized coal is blown).

ベンチュリ管１１１は、バグフィルター１０７を通過した排ガスの流量を測定する。
ダンパー１１２は、バグフィルター１０７を通過した排ガスの流量を調整する。
循環ファン１１３は、ダンパー１１２を通過した排ガスを熱ガス発生装置１０１に循環させることができるように、排ガスを昇圧する。
煙突１１４は、循環ファン１１３により昇圧された排ガスの一部（放散ガス）を大気中に放出する。
放散系圧力調整弁１１５は、煙突１１４から大気中に放出される排ガスの圧力を調整する。 The Venturi tube 111 measures the flow rate of the exhaust gas that has passed through the bag filter 107.
The damper 112 adjusts the flow rate of the exhaust gas that has passed through the bag filter 107.
The circulation fan 113 boosts the exhaust gas so that the exhaust gas that has passed through the damper 112 can be circulated to the hot gas generator 101.
The chimney 114 releases a part of the exhaust gas (radiated gas) pressurized by the circulation fan 113 into the atmosphere.
The diffusion system pressure regulating valve 115 regulates the pressure of the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney 114 into the atmosphere.

循環系圧力調整弁１１６は、循環ファン１１３により昇圧された排ガスのうち、煙突１１４を介して大気中に放出されずに熱ガス発生装置１０１に循環させる排ガスの圧力を調整する。このようにして、熱ガス発生装置１０１で発生した排ガスは、循環ガスとして再び熱ガス発生装置１０１に供給され、熱ガス発生装置１０１、ミル１０５、バグフィルター１０７、ベンチュリ管１１１、ダンパー１１２、循環ファン１１３、循環系圧力調整弁１１６、熱ガス発生装置１０１の経路を循環する。 The circulation system pressure adjusting valve 116 adjusts the pressure of exhaust gas that is circulated to the hot gas generator 101 without being released into the atmosphere via the chimney 114 among the exhaust gas pressurized by the circulation fan 113. In this way, the exhaust gas generated in the hot gas generator 101 is supplied again to the hot gas generator 101 as a circulating gas, and the hot gas generator 101, the mill 105, the bag filter 107, the venturi 111, the damper 112, and the circulation. It circulates through the path of the fan 113, the circulation system pressure regulating valve 116, and the hot gas generator 101.

本実施形態では、大気中の空気（希釈エア）を、ＰＣＩプラントに供給するようにしている。オリフィス流量計１１７は、この希釈エアの流量を調整する。エア流量調整弁１１８は、ＰＣＩプラントに供給されるエアの流量を調整する。希釈エアファン１１９は、エア流量調整弁１１８で流量が調整された希釈エアを昇圧し、希釈エアを熱ガス発生装置１０１の入側の配管に押し込む。これにより、循環ガスの酸素濃度を大きくすることができる。 In the present embodiment, air in the atmosphere (dilution air) is supplied to the PCI plant. The orifice flow meter 117 adjusts the flow rate of the dilution air. The air flow rate adjustment valve 118 adjusts the flow rate of air supplied to the PCI plant. The dilution air fan 119 pressurizes the dilution air whose flow rate is adjusted by the air flow rate adjustment valve 118 and pushes the dilution air into the piping on the inlet side of the hot gas generator 101. Thereby, the oxygen concentration of the circulating gas can be increased.

このような排ガス循環系粉砕プラントを管理するための指標として、ミル１０５の入口側の温度（以下、「ミル入口温度」と称する）と、ミル１０５の出口側の温度（以下、「ミル出口温度」と称する）とがある。
ミル入口温度は、熱ガス過熱防止のための管理指標として用いられる。
ミル出口温度は、石炭乾燥のための管理指標として用いられる。ミル出口温度が下がると石炭を十分に乾燥できなくなるため、ミル出口温度は一定にすることが好ましい。ミル出口温度を一定に保つため、ミル出口温度制御を行う。ミル出口温度制御とは、ミル出口温度を目標温度に追従させるためにバーナー負荷を操作するものを指し、ミル出口温度計１１０で測定されたミル出口温度の偏差からフィードバック制御を行う（図１の温度制御装置２００を参照）。フィードバック制御としては、ＰＩＤ制御が一般的である。 As an index for managing such an exhaust gas circulation system pulverization plant, the temperature on the inlet side of the mill 105 (hereinafter referred to as “mill inlet temperature”) and the temperature on the outlet side of the mill 105 (hereinafter referred to as “mill outlet temperature”). ").
The mill inlet temperature is used as a management index for preventing hot gas overheating.
The mill outlet temperature is used as a management index for coal drying. Since the coal cannot be sufficiently dried when the mill outlet temperature decreases, the mill outlet temperature is preferably constant. In order to keep the mill outlet temperature constant, the mill outlet temperature is controlled. Mill outlet temperature control refers to the operation of a burner load to cause the mill outlet temperature to follow the target temperature, and feedback control is performed from the deviation of the mill outlet temperature measured by the mill outlet thermometer 110 (FIG. 1). See temperature controller 200). As feedback control, PID control is generally used.

ここで、ミル入口伸縮管の耐熱温度や石炭の発火温度の関係から、ミル入口温度には上限が設定される。そのため、ＰＣＩプラントにおいては、ミル入口温度が上限を超えないよう注意しながら運転しなければならない。
ミル入口温度を下げるためには、バーナー負荷を下げる必要がある。そのためには必要な熱負荷を下げる必要があるので、結果的に給炭量を下げる運転を行う必要がある。しかしながら、当然のことながら、給炭量を下げると微粉炭の生産量が下がってしまうため、給炭量はできるだけ下げないのが好ましい。
ミル入口温度が上限を超えない範囲で最大の給炭量はどれだけになるのかは、操業データを見るだけでは判断が難しい。
そこで、ミル入口温度が上限を超えない範囲での最大給炭可能量や給炭増加可能量を演算して、オペレータに提示したり、給炭量の自動制御を行ったりできるようにすることが課題となる。 Here, an upper limit is set for the mill inlet temperature from the relationship between the heat resistance temperature of the mill inlet expansion tube and the ignition temperature of coal. Therefore, the PCI plant must be operated with care so that the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit.
In order to lower the mill inlet temperature, it is necessary to lower the burner load. In order to do so, it is necessary to reduce the necessary heat load. As a result, it is necessary to perform an operation to reduce the amount of coal supply. However, as a matter of course, since the production amount of pulverized coal decreases when the coal supply amount is reduced, it is preferable that the coal supply amount is not reduced as much as possible.
It is difficult to determine how much the maximum amount of coal supply will be within the range where the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit only by looking at the operation data.
Therefore, it is possible to calculate the maximum coal supply amount and the coal supply increase possible amount within the range where the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit, and to present it to the operator or to perform automatic control of the coal supply amount. It becomes a problem.

図２は、本実施形態に係る給炭量演算装置の機能構成を示す図である。給炭量演算装置は、例えばＣＰＵ、ＲＯＭ、ＲＡＭ等を備えたコンピュータ装置により実現される。
１は石炭水分推定部であり、粉砕中の石炭の水分を、熱及び物質収支に基づいて推定する。
２は定常時最大給炭可能量演算部であり、石炭水分推定部１で推定した水分を用いて、ミル入口温度が上限を超えない範囲での定常時最大給炭可能量を演算する。
３は記憶部であり、予めシミュレーションにより得た、定常時最大給炭増加可能量と給炭増加可能量とを対応付けた情報を記憶する。記憶部３に記憶する情報は、給炭量の変化に応じたミル入口温度の過渡的な上昇分をシミュレーションから予測し、ミル入口温度のピーク温度が上限を超えないように給炭増加可能量が設定されたものである。
４は給炭増加可能量演算部であり、定常時最大給炭可能量演算部２で演算した定常時最大給炭可能量と現在の給炭量との差を定常時最大給炭増加可能量として求め、記憶部３に記憶した情報に基づいて、給炭増加可能量を求める。
５は出力部であり、給炭増加可能量演算部４で求めた給炭増加可能量に応じた情報を出力する。ここでいう出力とは、例えば給炭増加可能量演算部４で求めた給炭増加可能量を画面表示することや、給炭増加可能量演算部４で求めた給炭増加可能量に応じてオペレータにガイダンスを出力することや、現在の給炭量を給炭増加可能量演算部４で求めた給炭増加可能量に自動追従させるように指令値を出力することをいう。 FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the coal supply amount calculation device according to the present embodiment. The coal supply amount calculation device is realized by a computer device including, for example, a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.
1 is a coal moisture estimation unit, which estimates the moisture of coal during pulverization based on heat and mass balance.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation unit, which uses the moisture estimated by the coal moisture estimation unit 1 to calculate a steady state maximum coal supply amount within a range where the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit.
Reference numeral 3 denotes a storage unit that stores information that is obtained in advance by simulation and associates the maximum amount of increase in steady coal supply with the amount of increase in supply of coal. The information stored in the storage unit 3 predicts a transient increase in the mill inlet temperature according to the change in the coal supply amount from the simulation, and the amount of increase in coal supply so that the peak temperature of the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit. Is set.
4 is a coal supply increaseable amount calculation unit, and the difference between the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculated by the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation unit 2 and the current coal supply amount is the steady state maximum coal supply increaseable amount. Based on the information stored in the storage unit 3, the amount of increase in coal supply is determined.
Reference numeral 5 denotes an output unit that outputs information corresponding to the coal supply increase possible amount obtained by the coal supply increase possible amount calculating unit 4. The output here refers to, for example, displaying the coal supply increase possible amount obtained by the coal supply increaseable amount calculating unit 4 on the screen or according to the coal supply increaseable amount obtained by the coal supply increaseable amount calculating unit 4. This means outputting guidance to the operator, or outputting a command value so that the current amount of coal supply automatically follows the amount of increase in coal supply obtained by the amount of increase in coal supply calculation unit 4.

以下、本実施形態に係る給炭量演算装置による給炭量演算方法の詳細を説明する。
石炭水分推定部１では、粉砕中の石炭の水分を、熱及び物質収支に基づいて推定する。
ＰＣＩプラントの入熱は、
〈１〉ＢＦＧ持込熱量
〈２〉燃焼エア持込熱量
〈３〉希釈エア持込熱量
〈４〉石炭持込熱量
〈５〉石炭水分持込熱量
〈６〉燃焼熱量
〈７〉ファン動力熱
によって構成される。 Hereinafter, the detail of the coal supply amount calculation method by the coal supply amount calculation apparatus which concerns on this embodiment is demonstrated.
The coal moisture estimation unit 1 estimates the moisture of coal during pulverization based on heat and mass balance.
The heat input of the PCI plant is
<1> BFG heat input <2> Combustion air heat input <3> Dilution air heat input <4> Coal heat input <5> Coal moisture heat input <6> Combustion heat <7> Fan power heat Composed.

このうち、〈１〉〜〈５〉はＰＣＩプラントに投入される物質が持ち込む熱量であり、下式（１）が成り立つ。
持込熱量＝物体の比熱×（物体の流量又は質量）×物体の温度・・・（１）
特に〈４〉、〈５〉については、（物体の流量又は質量）＝（給炭量設定変化率制限）×（実粉砕補正係数）を代入する。この補正係数は、給炭量設定変化率制限と実粉砕量の乖離を補正する係数で、設定値である。
〈６〉はＢＦＧと燃焼エアの燃焼反応によって得られる熱であり、下式（２）が成り立つ。
燃焼熱量＝ＢＦＧ流量×ＢＦＧカロリー・・・（２）
〈７〉は循環ファン１１３の回転のために必要な熱である。その熱量はファンの特性曲線から導かれるが、粉砕中の動力熱は略一定となるため、定数とする。 Among these, <1>-<5> are the amount of heat brought in by the substance put into the PCI plant, and the following formula (1) is established.
Brought-in heat amount = specific heat of the object × (flow rate or mass of the object) × temperature of the object (1)
In particular, for <4> and <5>, substitute (flow rate or mass of the object) = (coal feed amount setting change rate limit) × (actual grinding correction coefficient). This correction coefficient is a coefficient that corrects the difference between the coal supply amount setting change rate limit and the actual pulverization amount, and is a set value.
<6> is a heat obtained by the combustion reaction of B FG and combustion air, the following equation (2) holds.
Combustion heat quantity = BFG flow rate x BFG calories (2)
<7> is heat necessary for the rotation of the circulation fan 113. The amount of heat is derived from the characteristic curve of the fan, but the power heat during pulverization is substantially constant, so it is a constant.

次に、ＰＣＩプラントの出熱は、
〈８〉放散ガス持出熱量
〈９〉石炭持出熱量
〈１０〉表面冷却
〈１１〉潜熱
よって構成される。 Next, the heat output of the PCI plant is
<8> Exhaust gas heat release <9> Coal heat release <10> Surface cooling <11> Latent heat.

このうち、〈８〉、〈９〉はＰＣＩプラントから排出される物質が持ち出す熱量であり、下式（３）が成り立つ。
持出熱量＝物体の比熱×（物体の流量又は質量）×物体の温度（ミル出口温度で代表）・・・（３）
〈９〉については、（物体の流量又は質量）＝（給炭量設定変化率制限）×（実粉砕補正係数）を代入する。
〈１０〉はＰＣＩプラント全体が外気と熱交換することによって散逸する熱である。その熱量は外気温とミル出口温度との差に比例するとし、下式（４）が成り立つ。放熱係数は定数とする。なお、外気温は、希釈エア温度にバイアス補正値を加えたものとする。
表面冷却熱量＝放熱係数×（ミル出口温度−外気温）・・・（４） Among these, <8> and <9> are the amount of heat brought out by the substance discharged from the PCI plant, and the following equation (3) is established.
Heat taken out = specific heat of the object x (flow rate or mass of the object) x object temperature (represented by mill outlet temperature) (3)
For <9>, substitute (flow rate or mass of object) = (coal feed amount setting change rate limit) × (actual grinding correction coefficient).
<10> is the heat dissipated by the entire PCI plant exchanging heat with the outside air. The amount of heat is proportional to the difference between the outside air temperature and the mill outlet temperature, and the following equation (4) holds. The heat dissipation coefficient is a constant. Note that the outside air temperature is obtained by adding a bias correction value to the dilution air temperature.
Surface cooling heat quantity = heat dissipation coefficient x (mill exit temperature-outside air temperature) (4)

以上の入熱と出熱の熱収支が保たれているので、図３にも示すように、
〈１〉＋〈２〉＋〈３〉＋〈４〉＋〈５〉＋〈６〉＋〈７〉
＝〈８〉＋〈９〉＋〈１０〉＋〈１１〉
が成り立つ。 Since the heat balance of the above heat input and output heat is maintained, as shown in FIG.
<1> + <2> + <3> + <4> + <5> + <6> + <7>
= <8> + <9> + <10> + <11>
Holds.

ここで、石炭水分に関係する熱量は〈５〉と〈１１〉であり、未知数である。一方、それ以外は毎分の操業データから計算可能な値である。そこで、
〈１１〉−〈５〉
＝｛〈１〉＋〈２〉＋〈３〉＋〈４〉＋〈６〉＋〈７〉｝−｛〈８〉＋〈９〉＋〈１０〉｝
とすることで、（潜熱−石炭水分持込熱量）を求めることができ、後述する式（７）により推定石炭水分生値が得られる。
推定石炭水分生値は細かい変動があり、そのまま用いることはできない。そこで、後述する式（９）により推定石炭水分生値に一次遅れ処理を行い、推定石炭水分を得る。 Here, the amount of heat related to coal moisture is <5> and <11>, which are unknowns. On the other hand, other values are values that can be calculated from operation data for each minute. there,
<11>-<5>
= {<1> + <2> + <3> + <4> + <6> + <7>}-{<8> + <9> + <10>}
By doing this, (latent heat-coal moisture carrying heat amount) can be obtained, and an estimated coal moisture raw value is obtained by the equation (7) described later .
Estimated coal moisture values vary slightly and cannot be used as they are. Therefore, a first-order lag process is performed on the estimated coal moisture raw value by equation (9) described later to obtain estimated coal moisture.

以下では、入熱及び出熱についての具体的な演算を説明する。以下の演算を例えば１分ごとに行う。表１には、演算で用いる変数をまとめた。 Below, the specific calculation about heat input and heat output is demonstrated. The following calculation is performed every minute, for example. Table 1 summarizes the variables used in the calculations.

［入熱］
〈１〉ＢＦＧ持込熱量Ｑ_BFG
Ｑ_BFG＝Ｃ_BFG×Ｆ_BFG×Ｔ_BFG
〈２〉燃焼エア持込熱量Ｑ_CAIR
Ｑ_CAIR＝Ｃ_CAIR×Ｆ_CAIR×Ｔ_CAIR
〈３〉希釈エア持込熱量Ｑ_PAIR
Ｑ_PAIR＝Ｃ_PAIR×Ｆ_PAIR×Ｔ_PAIR
〈４〉石炭持込熱量Ｑ_CIN
Ｑ_CIN＝Ｃ_COAL×Ｆ_C×ｋ_FC×１０００×（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）
※給炭量設定変化率制限に補正係数をかけたものを実粉砕量とする。
※外気温は希釈エア温度に外気温補正値を加えたものとする。
〈６〉燃焼熱量Ｑ_C
Ｑ_C＝ｑ_BFG×Ｆ_BFG
〈７〉ファン動力熱Ｑ_F
設定値が入力される。 [Heat input]
<1> BFG heat amount Q _BFG
Q _BFG = C _BFG × F _BFG × T _BFG
<2> Combustion air carry heat quantity Q _CAIR
Q _CAIR = C _CAIR × F _CAIR × T _CAIR
<3> _{Calorific value} Q _PAIR
Q _PAIR = C _PAIR × F _PAIR × T _PAIR
<4> Calorific value Q _CIN
Q _CIN = C _COAL × F _C × k _FC × 1000 × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
* The actual pulverization amount is obtained by multiplying the change rate limit of the coal supply amount by a correction factor.
* The outside air temperature is the dilution air temperature plus the outside air temperature correction value.
<6> Combustion heat quantity Q _C
Q _C = q _BFG × F _BFG
<7> Fan power heat Q _F
A set value is entered.

［出熱］
〈８〉放散ガス持出熱量Ｑ_EXH
Ｑ_EXH＝Ｃ_EXH×Ｆ_EXH×Ｔ
〈９〉石炭持出熱量Ｑ_COUT
Ｑ_COUT＝Ｃ_COAL×Ｆ_C×ｋ_FC×１０００×Ｔ
※給炭量設定変化率制限に補正係数をかけたものを実粉砕量とする。
〈１０〉表面冷却Ｑ_S
Ｑ_S＝Ａｈ×（Ｔ−（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）） [Heat output]
<8> Calorific value for exhaled gas Q _EXH
Q _EXH = C _EXH × F _EXH × T
<9> Coal heat output Q _COUT
Q _COUT = C _COAL × F _C × k _FC × 1000 × T
* The actual pulverization amount is obtained by multiplying the change rate limit of the coal supply amount by a correction factor.
<10> Surface cooling Q _S
Q _S = Ah × (T− (T _PAIR + T _OFF ))

これより、（潜熱−石炭水分持込熱量）Ｑ_LATENTは、
Ｑ_LATENT＝Ｑ_BFG＋Ｑ_CAIR＋Ｑ_PAIR＋Ｑ_CIN＋Ｑ_C＋Ｑ_F−（Ｑ_EXH＋Ｑ_COUT＋Ｑ_S）
で求めることができる。
推定石炭水分生値ｗ_IRは、中間変数Ａ、Ｂを下式（５）、（６）として、下式（７）で表される。
Ａ＝Ｑ_LATENT／（Ｆ_C×ｋ_FC×１０００）／｛ｑ_LATENT−（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）×Ｃ_W｝・・・（５）
Ｂ＝ｗ_o／（１００−ｗ_o）×ｑ_LATENT／｛ｑ_LATENT−（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）×Ｃ_W｝・・・（６）
ｗ_IR＝１００×（Ａ＋Ｂ）／（Ａ＋Ｂ＋１）・・・（７）
すなわち、潜熱、石炭水分持込熱、給炭量設定変化率制限・推定石炭水分生値の関係は下式（８）で表わされる。
Ｑ_LATENT＝〈１１〉−〈５〉
＝Ｆ_C×ｋ_FC×１０００×［｛ｗ_IR／（１００−ｗ_IR）｝−｛ｗ_o／（１００−ｗ_o）｝］×ｑ_LATENT
−Ｆ_C×ｋ_FC×１０００×｛ｗ_IR／（１００−ｗ_IR）｝×（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）×Ｃ_W・・・（８）
この式（８）とＡ、Ｂの定義より上式（７）が得られる。 From this, (latent heat-amount of coal moisture heat) Q _LATENT is
Q _LATENT = Q _BFG + Q _CAIR + Q _PAIR + Q _CIN + Q _C + Q _F − (Q _EXH + Q _COUT + Q _S )
Can be obtained.
The estimated coal moisture raw value _wIR is expressed by the following equation (7), where the intermediate variables A and B are represented by the following equations (5) and (6).
_{_{A = Q LATENT / (F C}} × k FC × 1000) / {q LATENT - (T PAIR + T OFF) × C W} ··· (5)
B = w _o / (100−w _o ) × q _LATENT / {q _LATENT− (T _PAIR + T _OFF ) × C _W } (6)
w _IR = 100 × (A + B) / (A + B + 1) (7)
That is, the relationship among latent heat, coal moisture heat, coal supply amount setting change rate restriction / estimated coal moisture raw value is expressed by the following equation (8).
Q _LATENT = < 11 >-<5>
_{_{= F C × k FC × 1000}} × [{w IR / (100-w IR)} - {w o / (100-w o)}] × q LATENT
_{_{-F C × k FC × 1000 ×}} {w IR / (100-w IR)} × (T PAIR + T OFF) × C W ··· (8)
From this equation (8) and the definitions of A and B, the above equation (7) is obtained.

これより、推定石炭水分ｗ_Iは、下式（９）で求められる。
ｗ_I（今回値）＝ａ×ｗ_IR（今回値）+（１−ａ）×ｗ_I（前回値）・・・（９） Than this, the estimated coal moisture w _I is obtained by the following equation (9).
w _I (current value) = a × w _IR (current value) + (1−a) × w _I (previous value) (9)

定常時最大給炭可能量演算部２では、石炭水分推定部１で推定した推定石炭水分ｗ_Iを用いて、ミル入口温度が上限を超えない範囲での定常時最大給炭可能量を演算する。
下式（１０）により、ミル入口温度予測値Ｔ_IEST［℃］を求める。そして、下式（１１）により、定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXR［ｔ／ｈ］を求める。 The constant maximum maximum coal supply amount calculation unit 2 uses the estimated coal moisture w _I estimated by the coal moisture estimation unit 1 to calculate the steady maximum coal supply amount in a range where the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit. .
The mill inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST [° C.] is _obtained by the following equation (10). Then, the steady maximum maximum coal supply amount F _CMAXR [t / h] is obtained by the following equation (11).

Ｔ_IEST＝α×Ｆ_C×ｗ_I／（１００−ｗ_I）
＋β×Ｆ_C×ｗ_I×（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）／（１００−ｗ_I）
＋γ×Ｆ_C×（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）
＋ε・・・（１０） T _IEST = α × F _C × w _I / (100−w _I )
_{_{+ Β × F C × w I}} × (T PAIR + T OFF) / (100-w I)
+ Γ × F _C × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
+ Ε (10)

Ｆ_CMAXR＝（Ｔ_IMAX−ε）／｛（α×ｗ_I／（１００−ｗ_I））＋β×ｗ_I×（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）／（１００−ｗ_I）＋γ×（Ｔ_PAIR＋Ｔ_OFF）｝・・・（１１） F _CMAXR = (T _IMAX −ε) / {(α × w _I / (100−w _I )) + β × w _I × (T _PAIR + T _OFF ) / (100−w _I ) + γ × (T _PAIR + T _OFF ) } ... (11)

ミル入口温度予測値Ｔ_IESTは、給炭量×水分と、給炭量×水分×外気温と、給炭量×外気温に影響していると考える。すなわち、ミル前後の熱バランスに基づいている。ミル入口温度予測係数（水分潜熱）α［℃／（％・ｔ／ｈ）］、ミル入口温度予測係数（水分顕熱）β［ｋｃａｌ／（Ｎｍ３・℃）］、ミル入口温度予測係数（石炭顕熱）γ［℃／（％・ｔ／ｈ）］、ミル入口温度予測係数（定数補正）ε［ｋｃａｌ／（Ｎｍ３・℃）］はそれらの係数であり、過去の操業データから求めた定数値が入力される。
ミル入口温度予測値Ｔ_IESTの精度は、定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXRの精度にもそのまま影響する。例えば６ヶ月分のデータを用い、重回帰分析により係数α、β、γ、εを決定した。これを６ヶ月分の全ての運転中データに対してミル入口温度の予測値と実績値の比較を行った結果、実績と予測の誤差平均は−１．６［℃］、誤差標準偏差は１１．５［℃］となった。図４に、ミル入口温度の予測値と実績値とを示す。同図に示すように、両者は略一致する結果が得られている。 The mill inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST is considered to have an influence on the coal supply amount × moisture, the coal supply amount × moisture × outside temperature, and the coal supply amount × outside temperature. That is, based on the heat balance before and after the mill. Mill inlet temperature prediction coefficient (moisture latent heat) α [° C / (% · t / h)], mill inlet temperature prediction coefficient (moisture sensible heat) β [kcal / (Nm3 · ° C)], mill inlet temperature prediction coefficient (coal Sensible heat) γ [° C./(%·t/h)], mill inlet temperature prediction coefficient (constant correction) ε [kcal / (Nm 3 · ° C.)] are those coefficients, and are determined from past operation data. A numerical value is entered.
The accuracy of the mill inlet temperature prediction value T _IEST also directly affects the accuracy of the steady maximum coal supply amount F _CMAXR . For example, using data for 6 months, coefficients α, β, γ, and ε were determined by multiple regression analysis. As a result of comparing the predicted value and the actual value of the mill inlet temperature with respect to all the operating data for 6 months, the average error of the actual result and the prediction is −1.6 [° C.], and the standard error of the error is 11 5 [° C.]. FIG. 4 shows the predicted value and the actual value of the mill inlet temperature. As shown in the figure, a result that the both are substantially the same is obtained.

上式（１１）は、ミル入口温度予測値Ｔ_IESTをミル入口温度設定値Ｔ_IMAXに、給炭量設定変化率制限Ｆ_Cを定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXRに置き換えて、上式（１０）を変形したものである。
なお、ミル入口温度設定値Ｔ_IMAXは設定値であるが、必ずしもミル入口温度の上限と一致させる必要はない。例えばミル入口温度の上限が３５０［℃］であったとしても、ミル入口温度の細かい変動が±２０［℃］程度であった場合、変動や誤差分の余裕を見てミル入口温度設定値Ｔ_IMAXを３２０［℃］程度に設定することが望ましい。 Equation (11), the mill inlet temperature prediction value T _IEST mill inlet temperature setpoint T _IMAX, replacing the coal feed amount setting change rate limiter F _C to the steady-state maximum coal feed amount capable F _CMAXR, the above equation ( 10) is modified.
Although the mill inlet temperature set value T _IMAX is a set value, it is not always necessary to match the upper limit of the mill inlet temperature. For example, even if the upper limit of the mill inlet temperature is 350 [° C.], if the fine fluctuation of the mill inlet temperature is about ± 20 [° C.], the mill inlet temperature set value T It is desirable to set _IMAX to about 320 [° C.].

記憶部３は、予めシミュレーションにより得た、定常時最大給炭増加可能量（＝定常時最大給炭可能量−現在の給炭量）と、給炭増加可能量とを対応付けた情報を記憶する。記憶部３に記憶する情報は、給炭量の変化に応じたミル入口温度の過渡的な上昇分をシミュレーションから予測し、ミル入口温度のピーク温度が上限を超えないように給炭増加可能量が設定されたものである。
上述した式（１１）を計算することにより、定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXRを求めることができる。
しかしながら、給炭量を増やした直後は熱バランスが崩れ、石炭と水分による抜熱を補うためにバーナーの出力が上がる。このとき、一時的にミル入口温度が急上昇するが、その際のピーク温度が大きくなることは望ましくない。給炭量の変化が小さければ（例えば１〜５［ｔ／ｈ］程度）大きな問題ではないが、大きい場合、ミル入口温度のオーバーシュート量も大きくなり、ミル入口温度の上限を大きく超える可能性がある。
そこで、給炭量の変化に応じたミル入口温度の過渡的な上昇分をシミュレーションから予め予測しておき、その結果に基づいて得た、定常時最大給炭増加可能量（＝定常時最大給炭可能量−現在の給炭量）と、給炭増加可能量とを対応付けた情報を記憶部３に記憶しておく。 The memory | storage part 3 memorize | stores the information which matched previously the amount of increase in steady coal supply (= maximum amount of steady coal supply-present amount of coal supply) and the amount of increase in coal supply obtained by simulation beforehand. To do. The information stored in the storage unit 3 predicts a transient increase in the mill inlet temperature according to the change in the coal supply amount from the simulation, and the amount of increase in coal supply so that the peak temperature of the mill inlet temperature does not exceed the upper limit. Is set.
By calculating the above-described equation (11), it is possible to obtain the steady-state maximum coal supply possible amount F _CMAXR .
However, immediately after increasing the amount of coal supplied, the heat balance is lost, and the burner output increases to compensate for heat removal due to coal and moisture. At this time, the mill inlet temperature temporarily rises rapidly, but it is not desirable that the peak temperature at that time increase. If the change in the amount of coal supply is small (for example, about 1 to 5 [t / h]), this is not a big problem, but if it is large, the amount of overshoot at the mill inlet temperature will also increase, possibly exceeding the upper limit of the mill inlet temperature. There is.
Therefore, a transient increase in the mill inlet temperature corresponding to the change in the coal supply amount is predicted in advance from the simulation, and the maximum steady-state maximum supply amount (= maximum steady-state supply) obtained based on the result is obtained. Information that associates the possible amount of charcoal—the current amount of coal supply) and the amount of possible increase in coal supply is stored in the storage unit 3.

図５に、シミュレーションを実行するフィードバック制御系のブロック線図を示す。
ＰＣＩプラントのミル出口温度モデルは、下式（１２）で表わされる。
ＣｄＴ／ｄｔ＝Ｑ_in−Ｑ_out・・・（１２）
ここで、Ｃはプロセス熱容量、Ｔはミル出口温度、Ｑ_inはプロセスに入る熱、Ｑ_outはプロセスから出る熱である。図５に示すように、このミル出口温度モデルに、バーナーの燃焼制御よる遅れや、熱電対によるミル出口温度検知の遅れを加える。これにＰＩＤ制御器を接続し、フィードバック形式とすることでシミュレーションを行う。
シミュレーションにより、図６〜図８に示すように、複数の給炭量の変化（Ａ₁［ｔ／ｈ］、Ａ₂［ｔ／ｈ］、Ａ₃［ｔ／ｈ］（Ａ₁＞Ａ₂＞Ａ₃））対する定常時のミル入口温度の変化量について、オーバーシュート量が定常時のミル入口温度の変化量を超えない給炭量の変化量を求めた。その結果、Ａ₁［ｔ／ｈ］に対してはａ₁［ｔ／ｈ］まで、Ａ₂［ｔ／ｈ］に対してはａ₂［ｔ／ｈ］まで、Ａ₃［ｔ／ｈ］に対してはａ₃［ｔ／ｈ］までであれば、オーバーシュートを考慮してもミル入口温度は定常時のミル入口温度の変化量を超えることはなかった。 FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a feedback control system for executing the simulation.
The mill outlet temperature model of the PCI plant is expressed by the following equation (12).
CdT / dt = Q _in −Q _out (12)
Where C is the process heat capacity, T is the mill exit temperature, Q _in is the heat entering the process, and Q _out is the heat leaving the process. As shown in FIG. 5, a delay due to burner combustion control and a delay in detecting the mill outlet temperature by a thermocouple are added to the mill outlet temperature model. A PID controller is connected to this, and simulation is performed by using a feedback format.
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, by simulation, a plurality of changes in coal supply amount (A ₁ [t / h], A ₂ [t / h], A ₃ [t / h] (A ₁ > A _2). > A ₃ )) With respect to the amount of change in the steady-state mill inlet temperature, the amount of change in the coal supply amount that the overshoot amount does not exceed the amount of change in the steady-state mill inlet temperature was determined. As a result, A ₁ to [t / h] For a ₁ [t / h], for A ₂ [t / h] to _{a 2 [t / h],} A 3 [t / h] In contrast, if up to a ₃ [t / h], the mill inlet temperature did not exceed the amount of change in the steady mill inlet temperature even if overshoot was taken into account.

そこで、図９に示すように、シミュレーションにより得た結果をプロットして、定常時最大給炭増加可能量（＝定常時最大給炭可能量−現在の給炭量）と、給炭増加可能量とを対応付けた特性線テーブルを作成した。この場合に、給炭量の変化が小さい範囲（例えば１〜５［ｔ／ｈ］程度）で閾値Ｆ_cmin［ｔ／ｈ］を設定し、Ｆ_cmin以下では原点を通るｙ＝ｘとした。
このように定常時最大給炭可能量と現在の給炭量とが大きく乖離しているときは、定常時最大給炭可能量に制限を加えることにより、ミル入口温度が急上昇しても、そのピーク温度が上限を超えないようにしている。
なお、記憶部３に記憶する情報を、現在の推定水分量、外気温、希釈エア等の値によって場合分けすると、より精度を上げることができる。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, the results obtained by the simulation are plotted, and the maximum amount of steady coal supply can be increased (= the maximum amount of steady coal supply−the current amount of coal supply) and the amount of coal supply that can be increased. A characteristic line table was created in which In this case, the threshold value F _cmin [t / h] is set in a range where the change in the coal supply amount is small (for example, about 1 to 5 [t / h]), and y = x passing through the origin below F _cmin .
In this way, when the maximum amount of steady coal supply and the current amount of coal supply deviate greatly, by limiting the maximum amount of steady coal supply during steady state, The peak temperature is kept from exceeding the upper limit.
In addition, if the information memorize | stored in the memory | storage part 3 is divided according to values, such as the present estimated moisture content, external temperature, dilution air, etc., a precision can be raised more.

給炭増加可能量演算部４は、定常時最大給炭可能量演算部２で演算した定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXRと現在の給炭量との差を定常時最大給炭増加可能量として求め、記憶部３に記憶した情報に基づいて、給炭増加可能量を求める。
（定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXR−現在の給炭量）≦Ｆ_cminでは、定常時最大給炭可能量演算部２で演算した定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXRが、そのまま最大給炭可能量となる。
それに対して、（定常時最大給炭可能量Ｆ_CMAXR−現在の給炭量）＞Ｆ_cminでは、図９の特性線テーブルから求めた給炭増加可能量に制限する。すなわち、最大給炭可能量は、給炭増加可能量と現在の給炭量との和となる。
なお、給炭量を変化させてからミル入口温度が定常に達するまでには時間がかかるため、例えば１０分程度、最大給炭可能量は変化させないようにするのが好ましい。 The coal supply increase possible amount calculation unit 4 calculates the difference between the steady state maximum coal supply possible amount F _CMAXR calculated by the steady state maximum coal supply possible amount calculation unit 2 and the current coal supply amount and the steady state maximum coal supply increase possible amount. Based on the information stored in the storage unit 3, the amount of increase in coal supply is determined.
In - (steady maximum coal feed amount capable F _CMAXR current coal feed amount) ≦ F _cmin, steady-state maximum coal feed amount capable F _CMAXR calculated in steady-state maximum coal feed can amount calculation unit 2, as the maximum coal feed It becomes possible amount.
On the other hand, if (maximum steady coal supply amount F _{CMAXR −current} coal supply amount)> F _cmin , the amount of increase in coal supply obtained from the characteristic line table of FIG. 9 is limited. That is, the maximum coal supply amount is the sum of the coal supply increase possible amount and the current coal supply amount.
In addition, since it takes time until the mill inlet temperature reaches a steady state after changing the coal supply amount, it is preferable not to change the maximum coal supply amount for about 10 minutes, for example.

以上のようにして推定石炭水分ｗ_I、ミル入口温度予測値Ｔ_IEST、給炭増加可能量、最大給炭可能量等を演算することにより、これら演算結果を例えば不図示のディスプレイに表示してオペレータに提示したり、これら演算結果に基づいて給炭量の自動制御を行ったりすることが可能となる。これにより、ＰＣＩプラントの設備保護と生産性の両立を容易に図ることができる。 By calculating the estimated coal moisture w _I , the estimated mill inlet temperature T _IEST , the amount of increase in coal supply, the maximum amount of coal supply, etc. as described above, these calculation results are displayed on a display (not shown), for example. It is possible to present it to the operator or to automatically control the amount of coal supply based on these calculation results. Thereby, it is possible to easily achieve both the equipment protection and productivity of the PCI plant.

実際のＰＣＩプラントで得られたデータに対して最大給炭可能量の演算を行った。
図１０に示すように、ミル入口温度設定を３２０［℃］として演算したところ、ミル入口温度が３２０［℃］を超えているときは、最大給炭可能量が現在の給炭量よりも下回っている。逆に、ミル入口温度が３２０［℃］を下回っているときは、最大給炭可能量が現在の給炭量よりも多くなっている。 The maximum coal supply amount was calculated for the data obtained in an actual PCI plant.
As shown in FIG. 10, when the mill inlet temperature setting is calculated as 320 [° C.], when the mill inlet temperature exceeds 320 [° C.], the maximum coal supply amount is lower than the current coal supply amount. ing. On the contrary, when the mill inlet temperature is below 320 [° C.], the maximum coal supply amount is larger than the current coal supply amount.

また、給炭量を大きく変える際、定常時最大給炭可能量に制限を加えることによってミル入口温度の過大を防ぐ例を示す。図１１に示すように、給炭量を１５［ｔ／ｈ］上げる直前、定常時最大給炭可能量は６５［ｔ／ｈ］程度であったが、現在の給炭量と定常時最大給炭可能量との差が大きかったために、給炭増加可能量に従って制限をかけた。制限を加えたものが最大給炭可能量である。最大給炭可能量に従った結果、給炭量の変化後もミル入口温度は３５０［℃］を大きく超えることなく推移させることができた。 Moreover, when changing coal supply amount largely, the example which prevents excessive mill inlet temperature by adding a restriction | limiting to the maximum amount of coal supply at the time of a steady state is shown. As shown in FIG. 11, immediately before raising the coal supply amount by 15 [t / h], the steady-state maximum possible coal supply amount was about 65 [t / h]. Due to the large difference from the amount of charcoal, the limit was set according to the amount of possible increase in coal supply. The limit is the maximum amount of coal that can be supplied. As a result of following the maximum coal supply capacity, the mill inlet temperature was able to change without greatly exceeding 350 [° C] even after the coal supply amount changed.

以上説明した実施形態は、いずれも本発明を実施するにあたっての具体化の例を示したものに過ぎず、これらによって本発明の技術的範囲が限定的に解釈されてはならないものである。すなわち、本発明はその技術思想又はその主要な特徴から逸脱することなく、様々な形で実施することができる。
上記実施形態では、本発明を排ガス循環系のＰＣＩプラントに適用したが、それ以外の排ガス循環系粉砕プラント、例えばセメントを製造するための排ガス循環系粉砕プラントにも適用可能である。また、本発明は、排ガス循環系粉砕プラントに限らず、１パス方式の粉砕プラントにも適用可能である。
また、本発明は、本発明の原料供給量の演算方法を実行するためのソフトウェア（プログラム）を、ネットワーク又は各種記憶媒体を介してシステム或いは装置に供給し、そのシステム或いは装置のコンピュータがプログラムを読み出して実行することによっても実現可能である。 Each of the embodiments described above is merely a specific example for carrying out the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be interpreted in a limited manner. That is, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the technical idea or the main features thereof.
In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to an exhaust gas circulation system PCI plant, but the present invention is also applicable to other exhaust gas circulation system grinding plants, for example, an exhaust gas circulation system grinding plant for producing cement. Further, the present invention is not limited to an exhaust gas circulation system pulverization plant, and can also be applied to a one-pass pulverization plant.
The present invention also supplies software (program) for executing the raw material supply amount calculation method of the present invention to a system or apparatus via a network or various storage media, and the system or apparatus computer executes the program. It can also be realized by reading and executing.

１：石炭水分推定部、２：定常時最大給炭可能量演算部、３：記憶部、４：給炭増加可能量演算部、１０１：熱ガス発生装置、１０５：ミル、１０７：バグフィルター DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Coal water | moisture content estimation part, 2: Steady state maximum coal supply possible quantity calculation part, 3: Memory | storage part, 4: Coal supply increase possible quantity calculation part, 101: Hot gas generator, 105: Mill, 107: Bag filter

Claims

A hot gas generator that generates hot air as an exhaust gas, a pulverizer that pulverizes coal and discharges the pulverized coal onto the flow of the exhaust gas generated by the hot gas generator, and an exhaust gas from the pulverizer. A pulverizer that performs a feedback control for operating the hot gas generator so as to cause the outlet temperature of the pulverizer to follow the target temperature. A method for calculating the amount of coal supply in a plant,
In the heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant, the amount of heat related to the coal moisture is the amount of coal moisture brought into the heat input and the latent heat as the output heat, and the heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant. Based on the premise that the heat balance with is maintained, in the coal moisture estimation means, the amount of heat related to the coal moisture is obtained, a coal moisture estimation step for obtaining an estimated coal moisture;
In the maximum coal feed can amount calculation means steady state, the coal moisture w _I, and coal feed amount setting change rate limiter F _C represented by coal feed amount per time, a diluted air temperature T _PAIR, diluted air temperature T and outside air temperature correction value T _OFF for determining the outside air temperature by adding to _PAIR, coefficient obtained based on past operation data α, β, γ, determine the inlet temperature prediction value T _IEST of the pulverizer and a ε Using the calculation formula (A),
T _IEST = α × F _C × w _I / (100−w _I )
_{_{+ Β × F C × w I}} × (T PAIR + T OFF) / (100-w I)
+ Γ × F _C × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
+ Ε (A)
Substituting the estimated coal moisture w _I obtained in the coal moisture estimation step , the dilution air temperature T _PAIR, and a preset outside air temperature correction value T _OFF, and further , as the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the pulverizer By substituting the inlet temperature setting value T _IMAX for the pulverizer and using the coal supply amount setting rate of change limit F _C as the maximum steady state coal supply amount , the maximum steady state coal supply amount F _CMAXR is obtained. A quantity calculation step;
Based on the result of predicting a transient rise in the inlet temperature of the pulverizer according to the change in the amount of coal supply, the same equation as the equation (A) in the steady maximum maximum coal supply amount calculation step is used. The maximum steady coal supply increase amount expressed as an increase in the coal supply amount up to the maximum steady coal supply amount obtained and the peak temperature of the crusher inlet temperature were set so as not to exceed the upper limit. Information that associates the amount that can be increased with coal supply is stored in the storage unit,
In the coal supply increase possible amount calculation means, the difference between the steady state maximum coal supply amount F _CMAXR obtained in the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation step and the current supply amount can be increased. A method for calculating the amount of coal supply in a pulverization plant, comprising: a step of calculating an increase in the amount of coal supply that calculates an amount of increase in coal supply based on information stored in the storage unit.

In the coal supply increase possible amount calculation step, when the difference between the steady state maximum coal supply possible amount F _CMAXR obtained in the steady state maximum coal supply possible amount calculation step and the current coal supply amount exceeds a threshold value, Based on the information stored in the storage unit, the amount of increase in coal supply is obtained. If the amount is less than the threshold value, the maximum steady coal supply amount F _CMAXR obtained in the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation step is calculated as the maximum supply amount. The method for calculating the amount of coal supply in the pulverization plant according to claim 1, wherein the amount of charcoal is a possible amount.

A hot gas generator that generates hot air as an exhaust gas, a pulverizer that pulverizes coal and discharges the pulverized coal onto the flow of the exhaust gas generated by the hot gas generator, and an exhaust gas from the pulverizer. A pulverizer that performs a feedback control for operating the hot gas generator so as to cause the outlet temperature of the pulverizer to follow the target temperature. A calculation device for the amount of coal supply in a plant,
In the heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant, the amount of heat related to the coal moisture is the amount of coal moisture brought into the heat input and the latent heat as the output heat, and the heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant. Based on the premise that the heat balance with the coal moisture estimation means, in the coal moisture estimation means, by determining the amount of heat related to the coal moisture, coal moisture estimation means for obtaining the estimated coal moisture;
And coal moisture w _I, and coal feed amount setting change rate limiter F _C represented by coal feed amount per time, a diluted air temperature T _PAIR, for determining the outside air temperature by adding the dilution air temperature T _PAIR Using the calculation formula (A) for calculating the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the crusher from the outside air temperature correction value T _OFF and the coefficients α, β, γ, ε obtained based on past operation data ,
T _IEST = α × F _C × w _I / (100−w _I )
_{_{+ Β × F C × w I}} × (T PAIR + T OFF) / (100-w I)
+ Γ × F _C × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
+ Ε (A)
Substituting the estimated coal moisture w _I obtained by the coal moisture estimation means , the dilution air temperature T _PAIR, and the preset outside air temperature correction value T _OFF, and further , as the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the pulverizer By substituting the inlet temperature setting value T _IMAX for the pulverizer and using the coal supply amount setting rate of change limit F _C as the maximum steady state coal supply amount , the maximum steady state coal supply amount F _CMAXR is obtained. A quantity calculation means;
Based on the result of predicting a transient increase in the inlet temperature of the pulverizer according to the change in the amount of coal supply, the same equation as the equation (A) of the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation means The maximum steady coal supply increase amount expressed as an increase in the coal supply amount up to the maximum steady coal supply amount obtained and the peak temperature of the crusher inlet temperature were set so as not to exceed the upper limit. A storage unit that stores information that associates the possible increase in coal supply;
The difference between the steady state maximum coal supply amount F _CMAXR obtained by the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation means and the current coal supply amount is obtained as the current steady state maximum coal supply increaseable amount and stored in the storage unit. An apparatus for calculating a coal supply amount in a crushing plant, comprising: a coal supply increaseable amount calculating means for obtaining a coal supply increaseable amount based on the information obtained.

A hot gas generator that generates hot air as an exhaust gas, a pulverizer that pulverizes coal and discharges the pulverized coal onto the flow of the exhaust gas generated by the hot gas generator, and an exhaust gas from the pulverizer. A pulverizer that performs a feedback control for operating the hot gas generator so as to cause the outlet temperature of the pulverizer to follow the target temperature. A program for calculating the amount of coal supply in a plant,
In the heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant, the amount of heat related to the coal moisture is the amount of coal moisture brought into the heat input and the latent heat as the output heat, and the heat input and output heat in the pulverization plant. Based on the premise that the heat balance with the coal moisture estimation means, in the coal moisture estimation means, by determining the amount of heat related to the coal moisture, coal moisture estimation means for obtaining the estimated coal moisture;
And coal moisture w _I, and coal feed amount setting change rate limiter F _C represented by coal feed amount per time, a diluted air temperature T _PAIR, for determining the outside air temperature by adding the dilution air temperature T _PAIR Using the calculation formula (A) for calculating the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the crusher from the outside air temperature correction value T _OFF and the coefficients α, β, γ, ε obtained based on past operation data ,
T _IEST = α × F _C × w _I / (100−w _I )
_{_{+ Β × F C × w I}} × (T PAIR + T OFF) / (100-w I)
+ Γ × F _C × (T _PAIR + T _OFF )
+ Ε (A)
Substituting the estimated coal moisture w _I obtained by the coal moisture estimation means , the dilution air temperature T _PAIR, and the preset outside air temperature correction value T _OFF, and further , as the inlet temperature predicted value T _IEST of the pulverizer By substituting the inlet temperature setting value T _IMAX for the pulverizer and using the coal supply amount setting rate of change limit F _C as the maximum steady state coal supply amount , the maximum steady state coal supply amount F _CMAXR is obtained. A quantity calculation means;
Based on the result of predicting a transient increase in the inlet temperature of the pulverizer according to the change in the amount of coal supply, the same equation as the equation (A) of the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation means The maximum steady coal supply increase amount expressed as an increase in the coal supply amount up to the maximum steady coal supply amount obtained and the peak temperature of the crusher inlet temperature were set so as not to exceed the upper limit. A storage unit that stores information that associates the possible increase in coal supply;
The difference between the steady state maximum coal supply amount F _CMAXR obtained by the steady state maximum coal supply amount calculation means and the current coal supply amount is obtained as the current steady state maximum coal supply increaseable amount and stored in the storage unit. A program for causing a computer to function as a coal supply increaseable amount calculating means for obtaining a coal supply increaseable amount based on the information obtained.