JP6492350B2 - Car ferry - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a car ferry.

  In a car ferry in which cargo such as a vehicle can be mounted and a passenger can board a ship, generally, a living section is set in an upper structure such as a superstructure formed above the upper deck, and a guest room is provided. In car ferries, the most commonly used freeboard deck is most often used as a vehicle deck.

  Patent Document 1 describes a car ferry that has a plinth deck as a vehicle carry-in / out deck, and has a guest room in a living section provided in an upper structure above the upper deck. In Patent Document 1, a living compartment is provided on the bow side above the uppermost large vehicle mounting section among the large vehicle mounting sections provided in a plurality of stages. Furthermore, in patent document 1, the passenger car mounting exclusive area is provided in the stern side adjacent to a living area. As a result, it is possible to get off smoothly without concentrating passengers on elevators and stairs.

Japanese Patent No. 4969267

  In the case of a car ferry as described in Patent Document 1, it is desirable that as many passengers as possible can be mounted, and it is desirable to provide a large residential area. However, since the normal living section is provided in the superstructure of the hull, the number of layers and the floor area of the upper structure increase due to the increase in the size of the living section. If the number of layers and the floor area of the superstructure increase in this way, an increase in the weight of the hull, an increase in the position of the center of gravity, and an increase in volume occur, which adversely affect basic performance such as propulsion performance and restoration performance of the hull. Further, the increase in the volume of the hull increases the total tonnage, which is an index representing the size of the ship. As the upper structure becomes larger, the wind pressure side area also becomes larger, so that it is more susceptible to wind. Therefore, when entering and leaving the port, it becomes difficult to produce a lateral thrust, and it becomes easy to go obliquely during navigation (the ship is navigating in an oblique position or the ship is moving obliquely). Ships have different qualifications, taxes, quay fees, etc. depending on the total tonnage. Therefore, the smaller the total tonnage, the more advantageous in terms of running cost. Furthermore, an increase in the volume of the hull leads to an increase in construction costs such as the steel material weight and the number of man-hours.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a car ferry capable of securing the number of guest rooms while suppressing a decrease in propulsion performance and a reduction in restoration performance, and an increase in cost. To do.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the car ferry includes a hull having a pair of left and right sides, a plinth deck provided in the hull and on which a vehicle is mounted, and the plinth deck in the hull. An upper deck formed above, an upper structure provided on the upper deck, a first cabin provided in the upper structure, and provided below the freeboard deck in the hull. And a second passenger cabin having an upper portion defined by the dry deck.
By providing a second room below the dry deck, for example, only the first room is used in the off season and both the first and second rooms are used in the busy season. Can be operated. Thereby, it can suppress that the living division of an upper structure becomes large, and can suppress the raise of the gravity center position by the increase in the number of layers of an upper structure, and the weight increase of a hull. In addition, since the space below the plinth deck can be used effectively, an increase in the volume of the hull can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to sufficiently secure the number of guest rooms while suppressing a decrease in propulsion performance, a decrease in restoration performance, and an increase in cost. And since an upper structure does not become large, a wind pressure side area will not become large and the influence of a wind will become small. As a result, it is easy to produce lateral thrust at entry and exit, and skewing during voyage can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the hull according to the first aspect may have a double bottom, and the second cabin may be provided on the inner bottom plate of the double bottom.
By doing in this way, the space between the dry board deck in which a vehicle is mounted and the inner bottom board which forms a double bottom can be used effectively.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the hull according to the first or second aspect is provided along each of the pair of left and right sides, and a pair provided apart from the pair of sides toward the inner side in the width direction of the ship. The second cabin may be provided on the inner side in the ship width direction than the pair of longitudinal partition walls.
For example, when the hull is damaged on the shore side, there is a possibility that a longitudinal partition wall separated from the shore side suppresses the progress of inundation. Therefore, by providing the second cabin inside the longitudinal partition wall, it is possible to minimize the influence on the second cabin due to the heel side damage.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, an elevating part is provided between the longitudinal bulkhead according to the third aspect and the eaves side for traveling between the plinth deck and the second cabin. It may be.
By comprising in this way, the space between a longitudinal partition and a ridge side can be effectively utilized as a space for a passenger etc. to go up and down. Furthermore, since the raising / lowering part is arrange | positioned in the position close | similar to the heel side, the space on the freeboard deck can be utilized widely. As a result, the cargo handling efficiency of the vehicle mounted on the dry deck can be improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the second passenger room according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is an engine room in which a horizontal partition is arranged between the engine room of the hull. It may be provided in a section adjacent to the bow side.
The section adjacent to the bow side of the engine room can be used effectively, and the noise, vibration, etc. of the engine room can be reduced from being transmitted to the second cabin by arranging the horizontal partition between the engine room and the engine room.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the bottom surface of the second passenger room (the upper surface of the guest room passage) according to any one of the first to fifth aspects corresponds to 1.8 meters below the highest voyage draft line. It may be provided above the location.
By doing so, it is possible to satisfy the requirements for a travel cabin stipulated in the ship facility regulations and the SOLAS Convention, while providing a second cabin below the freeboard deck.

  According to the car ferry, it is easy to generate lateral thrust at port entry and exit, and can also reduce oblique sailing during voyage, ensuring the number of guest rooms while suppressing reduction in propulsion performance and restoration performance, and cost increase. It is possible to secure design freedom.

1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a car ferry according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which follows the II-II line | wire of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the III-III line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the IV-IV line of FIG.

A car ferry according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a car ferry according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the car ferry 1 in this embodiment is a ship that can carry a vehicle such as a passenger car or a truck and that can also take a passenger. The hull 2 of the car ferry 1 includes shores 3A and 3B and a ship bottom 4.
The dredging sides 3A and 3B are composed of a pair of ship side skins that respectively form left and right dredging sides. The ship bottom 4 includes an outer bottom plate 4a that connects these dredging sides 3A and 3B. The hull 2 is formed in a U-shaped cross section by these dredging sides 3A, 3B and the ship bottom 4.

The hull 2 includes a propeller (not shown) and a rudder 6 on its stern 2b.
The propeller (not shown) is driven by a main machine (not shown) provided in the hull 2 to give propulsion to the car ferry 1.
The rudder 6 is provided behind a propeller (not shown) and controls the traveling direction of the hull 2.

  The hull 2 includes a ramp way 7 for allowing the vehicle to enter (roll on) or disembark (roll off) in the hull 2. The ramp way 7 is an upside-down type, and can be unfolded outward from the hull 2. The vehicle travels on the rampway 7 and gets on and off the boat. In the hull 2 in this embodiment, the ramp way 7 is provided on the stern 2b and the rear side is developed rearward from the stern 2b, but the ramp way is provided on the side 3A, 3B, etc. on the bow 2a side. You may do it.

The hull 2 has a double bottom, and an inner bottom plate 4 b is provided inside an outer bottom plate 4 a of the ship bottom 4.
The hull 2 further includes a freeboard deck 11 and an upper deck 12 above the inner bottom plate 4b.
In the car ferry 1, the freeboard deck 11 is generally disposed at the lowest layer among all the decks and is the first deck positioned above the full load water line WL. The freeboard deck 11 in this embodiment also serves as a vehicle deck on which the vehicle is mounted, and is connected to the rampway 7 described above. Therefore, when the ramp way 7 is tilted and deployed, the vehicle can get on the freeboard deck 11 through the ramp way 7. The freeboard deck 11 of this embodiment can also be called a boarding deck of a vehicle. Furthermore, since the freeboard deck 11 in this embodiment is in contact with the tops of a longitudinal partition wall and a horizontal partition wall, which will be described later, it can also be called a partition wall deck.

  The upper deck 12 is the uppermost one of the decks of the hull 2. The upper deck 12 in this embodiment is a full deck connected from the bow 2a to the stern 2b. Above the upper deck 12 is a superstructure 13 that is an upper structure.

The superstructure 13 in this embodiment has decks 14, 15, and 16 that are divided into three layers in the vertical direction.
A living area is set in the superstructure 13, and the first guest room 20 is provided in the living area. In an example in this embodiment, the first passenger cabin 20 is disposed on the upper deck 12. However, the arrangement of the first cabin 20 is not limited to the upper deck 12. For example, the first cabin 20 may be arranged on the upper decks 14, 15, 16 above the upper deck 12. Furthermore, the case where the first passenger cabin 20 in this embodiment is arranged only on the side close to the bow 2a in the superstructure 13 in the bow-stern direction is illustrated. However, the first guest room 20 is not limited to this arrangement. The first guest room 20 is not limited to a private room, but may be any type of guest room such as a large room.

  As shown in FIG. 3, watertight sections 40 are formed between both the freeboard deck 11 and the upper deck 12 of the hull 2 at both ends in the ship width direction. These watertight compartments 40 are formed in a cylindrical shape having a rectangular cross section surrounded by four sides by the heel sides 3A, 3B, the front wall 41A, the rear wall 41B, and the inner wall 41C. The top portions (not shown) of the front wall 41A, the rear wall 41B, and the inner wall 41C are connected to the upper deck 12. The watertight section 40 in this embodiment is disposed near the center in the bow-stern direction of the vehicle mounting space on the dry deck 11.

  The watertight section 40 includes an elevating part 42A for moving to the lower layer of the dry deck 11 and an elevating part 42B for moving to the upper layer, respectively. In the car ferry 1 in this embodiment, the elevating parts 42A and 42B are stairs. Further, in the car ferry 1 in this embodiment, an upper deck 12 is arranged in one upper layer of the freeboard deck 11, and is positioned slightly above the double bottom inner bottom plate 4b in one lower layer of the freeboard deck 11. A deck 17 is arranged (see FIG. 1). Here, it is not limited to the deck 17 that is disposed in the lower layer of the psoriatic deck 11. For example, one lower layer of the dry plinth deck 11 may be a double bottom inner bottom plate 4b.

  On the inner wall 41C forming the watertight section 40, openings 43A and 43B are formed for passengers and the like who use the elevating parts 42A and 42B to enter and leave the watertight section 40 from the vehicle mounting space CS. . Watertight doors 44A and 44B are attached to the openings 43A and 43B, respectively. A user such as a passenger passes through the opening 43A when using the elevating part 42A, and passes through the opening 43B when using the elevating part 42B. Here, the case where the large vehicle L is mounted in an area close to the bow 2a and the small vehicle S is mounted in an area close to the stern 2b in the vehicle mounting space CS is illustrated.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the exhaust duct D passes through each of the dry deck 11, the upper deck 12, and the decks 13 and 14. The duct D guides exhaust discharged from an internal combustion engine (not shown) such as a main engine or a generator to a chimney 8 (see FIG. 1). The duct D in this embodiment is disposed at a position closer to the stern 2b than the watertight section 40 described above and at a center position in the ship width direction.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of horizontal partition walls 25, 26 are provided in a space below the inside of the hull 2, which is partitioned by the freeboard deck 11, with an interval in the bow-stern direction. The horizontal partition walls 25 and 26 are formed to extend in the ship width direction of the hull 2 and the vertical direction of the hull 2. The horizontal partition walls 25, 26 form a plurality of chambers S <b> 1 to S <b> 14 in the lower space of the dry deck 11. The horizontal partition walls 25 and 26 maintain watertightness between the chambers S1 to S14 adjacent in the bow-stern direction.

  In the lower space defined by the dry deck 11, a longitudinal partition wall is provided on the side close to the bow 2 a in the bow-stern direction, along the sides 3 A and 3 B, and on the inside of the sides 3 A and 3 B in the ship width direction. 19A and 19B are provided. These longitudinal partition walls 19A and 19B are disposed on the inner side in the ship width direction from the range of B / 10 in the ship width direction from the heel side 3A and 3B, assuming that the entire width of the hull 2 is "B". The longitudinal bulkheads 19A, 19B, the dredging sides 3A, 3B, the transverse bulkheads 25, 26, the plinth deck 11, and the inner bottom plate 4b or the deck 17 are in positions in contact with the dredging sides 3A, 3B in the ship width direction. A plurality of watertight compartments (chambers S2 to S5, S10 to S13) are formed.

  The plurality of watertight compartments can be used as a void space, a fuel tank, a ballast tank, various equipment rooms, a warehouse, a cargo room, a fresh water tank, a waste disposal space, a fin stabilizer space, and the like. Here, in this embodiment, the compartment (room S6, S7) on the side close to the stern 2b where the longitudinal partition walls 19A, 19B are not formed is an engine zone (engine room). The engine area is provided with a main engine, a generator, a drive shaft of a propeller (none of which are shown).

  Among the watertight compartments on the shore side 3A, 3B side formed by the longitudinal partition walls 19A, 19B, the above-described elevating part 42B is arranged in the watertight compartment (chamber S5 and chamber S10) closest to the stern 2b. By this elevating part 42 </ b> B, it is possible to move up and down between the freeboard deck 11 and the space below the freeboard deck 11. In this watertight compartment, an opening (not shown) to which a watertight door (not shown) is attached is formed, and a passenger such as a passenger using the elevating part 42B enters and leaves the compartment inside. It can be done.

On the deck 17, at least a part of the sections inside the longitudinal partition walls 19A and 19B in the width direction of the ship is set as a residential section. In this embodiment, the second cabin 21 is provided in the room S16 in the compartments inside the longitudinal partition walls 19A and 19B. The second guest room 21 can be entered and exited through the rooms S5 and S10 which are the watertight compartments described above.
The second passenger cabin 21 in this embodiment is provided apart from the horizontal partition wall 25 disposed at the position closest to the bow 2a in the engine area toward the bow 2a. By doing in this way, it is suppressed that the noise and vibration from an engine area are transmitted to the 2nd guest room 21. The space between the second guest room 21 and the engine area can also be used as a space for installing a passenger toilet or air conditioning equipment that uses the second guest room 21.

  The second guest room 21 in this embodiment is a so-called large room. In the center of the second passenger cabin 21, a cross passage 30 is formed extending in the bow-stern direction and the ship width direction. Further, the second guest room 21 has a floor F that is formed one step higher than the cross passage 30. On this floor F, a private wall W that partitions the passenger's head when the passenger or the like goes to bed extends in the ship width direction.

Here, the deck 17 that forms the bottom surface 21B of the section in which the second passenger cabin 21 is provided is provided above a portion (not shown) corresponding to 1.8 meters below the highest voyage draft line. That is, the upper surface of the passage 30 of the second passenger cabin 21 in this embodiment is formed above the portion corresponding to 1.8 meters below the highest voyage draft line. Here, the highest voyage water line means the highest water line among the water lines set during the voyage with respect to the car ferry 1. That is, the deck 17 is disposed at a position satisfying the above conditions. For example, when the double bottom inner bottom plate 4b satisfies the above conditions, the deck 17 may be omitted and the inner bottom plate 4b may be used instead. As described above, when the second passenger cabin 21 is provided on the double bottom inner bottom plate 4b, the space between the plywood deck 11 on which the vehicle is mounted and the inner bottom plate 4b forming the double bottom is provided. Can be used effectively.
In this embodiment, the case where the deck 17 is provided above the location corresponding to 1.8 meters below the highest voyage draft line has been described. However, it is only necessary that the upper surface of the passage 30 of the second passenger cabin 21 is located above the portion corresponding to 1.8 meters below the highest voyage draft line, and the deck 17 disposed below the passage 30 or the double bottom inner bottom plate 4b. The arrangement of is not limited to the case where it is arranged above the portion corresponding to 1.8 meters.

  Therefore, according to the car ferry 1 of the above-described embodiment, the second guest room 21 is provided below the dry deck 11 so that, for example, only the first guest room 20 is used during the quiet period, and the busy period The operation of using both the first guest room 20 and the second guest room 21 can be performed. Thereby, it can suppress that the living division of the superstructure 13 which is an upper structure becomes large, and can suppress the raise of the gravity center position by the number of layers of the superstructure 13 and the weight increase of the hull 2. FIG. Moreover, since the space below the plinth deck 11 can be used effectively, an increase in the volume of the hull 2 can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to sufficiently secure the number of guest rooms while suppressing a decrease in propulsion performance, a decrease in restoration performance, and an increase in cost.

  Further, the second cabin 21 is provided on the inner side in the ship width direction than the longitudinal partition walls 19A and 19B, so that, for example, when the side 3A and 3B of the hull 2 is damaged, the second cabin 21 is separated from the side 3A and 3B. Since the progress of the flooding can be suppressed by the arranged vertical partition walls 19A and 19B, the influence on the second cabin 21 can be minimized.

  In addition, an elevating part 42B is provided between the vertical partition walls 19A, 19B and the heel side 3A, 3B for traveling between the plinth deck 11 and the second cabin 21. Therefore, the space between the longitudinal partition walls 19A and 19B and the heel side 3A and 3B can be effectively used as a space for passengers to move up and down. Furthermore, since the raising / lowering part 42B is arrange | positioned in the position close | similar to the eaves side 3A, 3B, the space on the freeboard deck 11 can be utilized widely. As a result, the cargo handling efficiency of the vehicle mounted on the freeboard deck 11 can be improved.

Further, a second passenger cabin 21 is provided in a room S16 adjacent to the bow 2a side of the engine area in which the horizontal partition wall 25 is disposed between the engine area of the hull 2 and the engine area. Therefore, the room S16 adjacent to the bow 2a side from the engine area can be effectively used, and the horizontal partition 25 is arranged between the engine area, so that the noise and vibration of the engine area are caused to the second cabin 21. It is possible to reduce transmission.
Furthermore, the bottom surface 21B of the second passenger cabin 21 is disposed above a portion corresponding to 1.8 meters below the highest voyage draft line. Therefore, it is possible to satisfy the requirements for a travel cabin stipulated in the ship facility regulations and the SOLAS Convention, while providing the second cabin 21 below the plinth deck 11.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes various modifications made to the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention. That is, the specific shapes, configurations, and the like given in the embodiment are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the second guest room 21 is a large room has been described. However, the second guest room 21 is not limited to a large room, and a plurality of private rooms may be provided. Further, the layout of the large room is not limited to that described above.
Furthermore, the case where stairs were used as the raising / lowering parts 42A and 42B was demonstrated. However, as long as movement to the upper layer and the lower layer is possible, the elevating parts 42A and 42B are not limited to stairs. For example, an elevator or a slope may be used.

  Furthermore, in embodiment mentioned above, the case where the deck in which a vehicle is mounted was only the freeboard deck 11 was demonstrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, a plurality of vehicle decks may be provided. More specifically, a further vehicle deck may be provided between the freeboard deck 11 and the upper deck 12. In this case, the freeboard deck 11 and the vehicle deck are connected by a slope. A vehicle that has entered the freeboard deck 11 from the ramp way 7 moves up the slope and moves to the vehicle deck. Further, if a space for arranging the second passenger cabin 21 is secured, a further vehicle deck may be provided below the freeboard deck 11.

  Furthermore, in embodiment mentioned above, the case where the 2nd guest room 21 was arrange | positioned in the division of the bow side adjacent to an engine area was demonstrated to an example. However, the second guest room 21 is not limited to this arrangement. For example, when there is room in the space on the stern 2b side from the engine area, the second cabin 21 may be arranged in a section on the stern side adjacent to the engine area. In this case, the section in which the second passenger cabin 21 is provided is provided with two longitudinal bulkheads spaced apart from the ridges 3A and 3B inward in the width direction of the ship. A second guest room 21 may be provided. Furthermore, the section where the second cabin 21 is provided may not be a section adjacent to the engine area. For example, you may make it provide in the division of the bow 2a side rather than the division of embodiment mentioned above.

  Furthermore, in embodiment mentioned above, the case where the 2nd guest room 21 was formed between the vertical partition walls 19A and 19B was demonstrated. However, the 2nd guest room 21 is not restricted to what is arrange | positioned in the division defined by the vertical partition 19A, 19B. For example, the second cabin 21 may be arranged in a section where the longitudinal partition walls 19A and 19B are not formed.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, the case where it arrange | positions only to one division (chamber S16) defined by the two horizontal partition walls 25 and 26 adjacent in the bow-stern direction was demonstrated. However, the second cabin 21 may be arranged in a plurality of compartments divided in the bow-stern direction by the horizontal partition walls 25 and 26 and arranged side by side in the bow-stern direction. In this case, for example, a door such as a watertight door may be formed on the horizontal partition walls 25 and 26 that partition adjacent sections in the stern direction so that a user such as a passenger can come and go.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car ferry 2 Hulls 3A, 3B Side 4 Ship bottom 4a Outer bottom plate 4b Inner bottom plate 6 Rudder 7 Dry way deck 12 Upper deck 13 Superstructure 14 Deck 15 Deck 16 Deck 17 Deck 19A, 19B Longitudinal bulkhead 20 First Guest Room 21 Second Guest Room 21B Bottom 25, 26 Horizontal Partition 30 Passage 40 Watertight Section 41A Front Wall 41B Rear Wall 41C Inner Wall 42A, 42B Lifting Unit

Claims (6)

A hull having a pair of left and right sides,
A freeboard deck provided in the hull, on which a vehicle is mounted;
An upper deck formed above the psoriasis deck in the hull;
An upper structure provided on the upper deck;
A first guest room provided in the superstructure;
A second passenger cabin provided below the freeboard deck in the hull, the upper part of which is defined by the freeboard deck;
Car ferry equipped with. The hull has a double bottom;
The car ferry according to claim 1, wherein the second passenger cabin is provided on the inner bottom plate of the double bottom. The hull includes a pair of longitudinal bulkheads provided along a pair of left and right sides of the ship and spaced apart inward in the ship width direction from the pair of sides of the ship,
The car ferry according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second passenger cabin is provided on the inner side in the ship width direction than the pair of longitudinal partition walls.   The car ferry according to claim 3, wherein an elevating part is provided between the longitudinal partition wall and the heel side for moving between the plinth deck and the second cabin. The second guest room is
The car ferry as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 provided in the division adjacent to the bow side of the said engine room by which the horizontal partition is arrange | positioned between the engine rooms of the said hull.   The car ferry according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a bottom surface of the second passenger cabin is provided above a portion corresponding to 1.8 meters below the highest voyage draft line.

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