JP6490556B2 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device capable of effectively obtaining an awakening action on a human body and a sleep action on a human body.

  An LED (light emitting diode) can easily control the wavelength of the emitted light, and can irradiate with arbitrarily setting blue light, white light or the like. In addition, the influence of emitted light on the human body, such as blue light having an awakening action on the human body, has also been clarified.

  In Patent Document 1, white light from a main light source and blue light from a sub-light source are irradiated complementarily (mutually), mainly white light is irradiated, and blue light is irradiated intermittently. An illumination device is disclosed. Thereby, it is said that the arousal level can be improved rather than irradiating white light and blue light as continuous light. Further, it is said that by turning on the blue light with the temporal width shortened, it is effective to bring the awakening to the living body by non-visual action while visually making it white light.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses that at least 410 nm to 505 nm of spectral components corresponding to the output from the light source in order to secure visual information without causing sleep disturbance due to suppression of melatonin secretion during nighttime light reception. An indoor lighting device provided with a filter that attenuates or cuts a spectral component in a wavelength region is disclosed. This wavelength range for attenuation or cutting is the blue band.

  Further, Patent Document 3 proposes a lighting fixture using a ring-shaped fluorescent lamp and a blue LED as a light source in order to obtain illumination that hardly suppresses secretion of melatonin that promotes nighttime sleep. In this luminaire, the blue LED is lit independently of the annular fluorescent lamp while the annular fluorescent lamp is lit. As a base, the ring-shaped fluorescent lamp reduces the melatonin secretion suppressing effect to the same level as or less than that of an incandescent bulb, and easily emits light containing a large amount of blue components that suppress melatonin secretion in the morning or in the daytime.

JP 2012-119221 A JP 2005-230171 A JP 2007-299714 A

  However, since the illumination device of Patent Document 1 has the same blue intensity as white, the resulting non-visual effect is not sufficient. Moreover, since blue is added to white, it becomes pale lighting and the light control range is narrow. In addition, use of this illumination at night limits melatonin and inhibits sleep, limiting its use during the day. Since the lighting devices of Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 remove the near blue band, sleep is not disturbed at night, but the color visibility becomes worse and it becomes difficult to discriminate blood color. If it is used, the visibility is poor, so that the state of the floor surface cannot be properly determined, and there is a problem that the risk of falling increases. In home medical care, there is a problem that it becomes difficult to discriminate the blood color, resulting in trouble in daily life.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an illumination device having a wide dimming range without causing bluish light when it is desired to enhance the awakening state during the daytime. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an illuminating device capable of enhancing color visibility while not disturbing sleep when it is desired to enhance the resting effect at night.

The lighting device according to the present invention includes:
A first light emitting unit that emits red LED light;
A second light emitting unit that emits green LED light;
A third light emitting unit for emitting blue LED light;
A first driver for controlling light emitted from the first light emitting unit;
A second driver for controlling light emitted from the second light emitting unit;
A third driver for controlling light emitted from the third light emitting unit;
Each of the red light and the green light has a pulse waveform having a low non-light emission level and a high light emission level, and the blue light has a low low light emission level and a high high light emission level. The first to third drivers so that the low value of the pulse waveform of the red light and the pulse waveform of the green light and the high value of the pulse waveform of the blue light are synchronized with each other. A control unit to control;
It is characterized by having.

Another lighting device according to the present invention is:
A first light emitting unit that emits red LED light;
A second light emitting unit that emits green LED light;
A third light emitting unit for emitting blue LED light;
A first driver for controlling light emitted from the first light emitting unit;
A second driver for controlling light emitted from the second light emitting unit;
A third driver for controlling light emitted from the third light emitting unit;
In the active mode, the red light and the green light both have a pulse waveform having a low non-light emitting level and a high light emitting level, and the blue light has a low low light emitting level, The first waveform so that the low value of the pulse waveform of the red light and the pulse waveform of the green light and the high value of the pulse waveform of the blue light are synchronized with each other. To controlling the third driver, and in the rest mode, the red light and the green light both have a pulse waveform having a low value of a non-light emitting level and a high value of a light emitting level, and the blue light is A control unit for controlling the first to third drivers to have a certain level of light emission intensity;
It is characterized by having.

In this case, in the active mode, the high value period of the blue pulse light is preferably 100 μs or more, and the high value emission intensity of the blue pulse light is preferably 12 μW / cm ² or more.

  For example, the first to third light emitting units are responsible for lighting a room in which a bed is installed, and the control unit detects a sensor that detects a body movement and / or activity amount of a user on the bed. Based on the signal, it can be determined whether the bed user is awake or sleep, and based on the determination result, the activity mode or the rest mode can be set.

  Alternatively, the control unit may switch between the activity mode and the rest mode with a timer, with the daytime being the activity mode and the nighttime being the rest mode.

  According to the present invention, a blue independent high-intensity pulse causes a non-visual effect more strongly during the daytime to increase the arousal level, and at night, the blue color is mixed with other colors as a low-level steady-state light emission. Reduces the non-visual arousal effect while retaining. When this lighting is used as a living lighting such as a bedside or a ceiling light, the visibility is improved throughout the day, and the arousal level is increased during the day and the living body is easily sleepable at night.

It is a figure which shows the drive waveform of LED of the illuminating device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the bedside lighting installation with which the illuminating device which concerns on embodiment of this invention was applied. It is a figure which shows the modification of the drive waveform of LED. It is a schematic diagram which shows the hospital room where the illuminating device of embodiment of this invention was installed. It is a perspective view which shows the specific example of the illuminating device of embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing driving waveforms of LEDs of an illumination device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing bedside illumination equipment to which the illumination device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 4, a bed user lies on a bed 1 in a hospital room, and an LED 5 as a stand is installed near the bed in the hospital room to illuminate the hospital room. As shown in FIG. 2, the bed 1 detects whether the bed user is on the bed or has left the bed, and whether the back bottom is raised or in a horizontal state. In addition, a plurality of sensors 2 for detecting a load applied to the bed are installed. The detection signal of the sensor 2 is input to the control unit 3, and the control unit 3 emits red light, green light, and blue light based on the bed user's state detected by the sensor 2. The LED driver 4a, the green LED driver 4b, and the blue LED driver 4c are controlled. The LED 5 includes a red light emitting diode (LED 5a), a green light emitting diode (LED 5b), and a blue light emitting diode (LED 5C). The red LED driver 4a, the green LED driver 4b, and the blue LED driver 4c are controlled. Based on the signal from the unit 3, the LED 5 (5a, 5b, 5c) drives the emission of red light, green light, and blue light.

  Based on the detection signal from the sensor 2, the control unit 3 detects the bed user's bed or bed leaving and detects the rising or lowering of the back bottom of the bed 1. Further, the control unit 3 detects the body movement or activity amount of the bed user on the bed based on the detection signal from the sensor 2, and the bed user depends on whether the bed user has body movement or the activity amount is high. Recognizes that the bed user is in an awake state, or recognizes that the bed user is in a resting state depending on whether there is no movement of the bed user or the amount of activity is low. That is, based on the load fluctuation detected by the load sensor that detects the load on the bed among the sensors 2 or the pressure fluctuation detected by the pneumatic sensor arranged under the mattress, the control unit 3 The presence or absence of body movement and / or the activity state is detected, and when it is detected, the bed user recognizes that he / she is awake. In addition, the control unit 3 determines whether the bed user is present or left from the detection signal from the sensor 2. Then, the control unit 3 detects that the bed user is in the awake state when the bed user is on the bed 1 and there is body movement or the activity state is high. When the user is in bed but there is no body movement or the activity state is low, the control unit 3 detects that the bed user is sleeping or resting, and controls the illumination of the LED 5 as described later. To do. Furthermore, when the bed user has left the bed for a long time, the control unit 3 stops the light emission of the LED 5 and turns off the illumination. The reference time determined to be a long time is, for example, 1 to 60 minutes, and the lighting is turned off when the user is getting out of bed for the reference time or longer.

  FIG. 1A shows a light emission pattern (pulse waveform) of each color light of the LED in the activity mode, and FIG. 1B shows a light emission pattern (pulse waveform) of each color light of the LED in the rest mode. The activity mode is a mode that is convenient for human activities, such as during the daytime. The rest mode is a mode that is convenient for a human to sleep or rest, such as at night.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the light emission pattern of each color LED in both modes is pulsed light emission except for the blue light in the rest mode. As shown in FIG. 1A, in the active mode, the emission of the blue LED has a high amplitude (emission intensity) value of D2, a low value of D1 (D2> D1), and the emission of the green LED has an amplitude of The high value of D3 is D3 and the low value is 0, and the light emission of the red LED has a high amplitude value of D4 and a low value of 0. The period in which the emission intensity of blue light is the high value D2 is t1, and the period in which the blue light emission intensity is the low value D1 is t2. The period in which the blue light pulse light has a high value D2 is synchronized with the period in which the green light and red light pulse light has a low value 0, and the period in which the blue light has a high value is in the green light and red color. Light is off.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1B, in the rest mode, the light emission of the blue LED is a constant light emission or a constant light emission with a low intensity N1. Further, the light emission patterns of the green LED and the red LED are pulsed light emission having high values of N2 and N3, respectively, and low values of 0.

  The blue, green, and red light emission allows humans to visually recognize blue, green, and red light, and these blue, green, and red light colors are recognized as white. Has a visual effect on humans. On the other hand, blue light emission has a non-visual effect on humans, such as an arousal effect. Thus, blue light has a favorable effect on humans during daytime activities, but has an unfavorable effect at night, such as injuring sleep. This non-visual action of blue light is known, but the present invention effectively utilizes the persistence of the non-visual action of blue light to provide a wide range of light control and high color visibility. There is a feature in getting.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (a), in the active mode, after the intense light emission of the blue light, the blue light is weakly emitted, and the green light and the red light have a period t1 in which the blue light is strongly emitted. After the blue light shifts to weak emission, green light and red light are emitted at high values D3 and D4 during the period t2 when the blue light is weakly emitted. In this period t1, green light and red light are non-luminous. Blue light has the property of inferiority, and when there is other green or red light emission, the awakening action (non-lighting property) of blue light is present. This is because the visual effect is weakened.

  Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells (mRGC) in the human retina respond specifically to blue light, and adjust the circadian rhythm (circular rhythm), which is a daily fluctuation of human body temperature, to the rotation cycle of the earth. Yes. mRGC has little use for the role of recognizing shape and color, that is, the visual action of light, and brings only a non-visual action to the living body. That is, mRGC has a role of reacting to light of a specific color and affecting the living body without being aware of it, for example, increasing the arousal level during the day or bringing sleep at night. This non-visual effect of mRGC is markedly awakening with a relatively strong blue light, and the activity of mRGC continuously responds to very momentary light for several tens of seconds thereafter. There is. Therefore, the strong light emission of blue light in a short period t1 continuously causes a non-visual effect on mRGC, which is the awakening action of blue light, and this non-visual action (wakefulness) also occurs during the period t2 when the intensity of blue light is low. Action) effectively acts on mRGC. On the other hand, when other color light is added to the blue light and exposed, the illuminance increases, but the non-visual effect is attenuated due to the subadditivity. For this reason, the intensity of green light and red light is set to 0 during the period of t1.

  Also during the period t2, the blue light continues to emit light with a weak intensity D1 (base level). If only the green light and the red light are emitted during the period t2, the illumination light becomes yellow, and the visibility of the state illuminated only with yellow is extremely lowered. As the visibility, for example, there is a human blood color, and it becomes difficult to visually recognize the blood color. Therefore, in order to ensure visibility, basically, blue light is emitted with a weak intensity D1 during the period t2. However, in the present invention, the blue light emission intensity ratios D1 / D3 and D1 / D4 may be 0 without emitting blue light during the period t2. In this case, in the period of t2, yellow light is a mixed color of red light and green light, and the yellow light is emitted from the LED. On the other hand, in the period of t2, when blue light exists even at a low value, it becomes whitish yellow light. At this time, the recognition characteristic of the color temperature by human vision is recognized over the entire period of t1 + t2 by sufficiently shortening t1 + t2, and red light is D4 × t2 / (t1 + t2) and green light is , D3 × t2 / (t1 + t2), the same color temperature as when blue light is emitted continuously with an intensity of (D1 × t2 + D2 × t1) / (t1 + t2). Therefore, even if D1 = 0, the same color temperature can be recognized by increasing the pulse height of D2. Thus, in the present invention, red light and green light emission is set to 0 in the period t1, and only blue light is emitted, and blue light is set to 0 or weakly emitted in the period t2. To ensure awakening and blood color visibility.

  In this activity mode (daytime mode), the LED emits light of a mixture of red light and green light of a certain intensity, that is, yellow light and blue light of higher intensity alternately at a high frequency. Since blue light continues to emit light even at the base level, it acts on humans visually as steady light emission with high color temperature and high illuminance. And color temperature can be adjusted by changing the ratio of the light emission time of red light and green light, and blue light. Further, the illuminance can be adjusted by changing the emission intensity, that is, the amplitude of each color, or by changing the time width by inserting a blank time for each light emission period.

  It should be noted that the high value period t2 of the red light and green light pulse light should not overlap with the high value period t1 of the blue light pulse light. However, a non-light emission period of red light and green light may exist between the high value period t2 of the red light and green light pulse light and the high value period t1 of the blue light pulse light. Further, the high value periods of the red and green pulsed light may be shifted from each other in time, but it is preferable that most of them overlap.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, in the rest mode, blue light is emitted at a steady level at a weak level N1, and red light and green light are subjected to general pulse width modulation control. This rest mode appears to humans as steady light emission with low color temperature and low illuminance. Even in a rest mode such as at night, the blue light needs to be steadily emitted with a weak intensity N1. This is because, as described above, in the case of only red light and green light, the light emission is yellow as a whole, and it is difficult to visually recognize the blood color of the bed user. By mixing blue light, the lighting device can illuminate the environment with white light, and nighttime visibility can be improved. Even in this case, by adding other red light or green light to the blue light, the non-visual effect of the blue light can be attenuated even if sufficient illuminance is obtained due to the subtractive nature of the blue light. it can. Therefore, the biological effect of blue light on humans can be reduced as much as possible. In addition, although this biological effect means the influence of the awakening effect | action with respect to a biological body, this can be recognized by investigating the change of a human pupil diameter. The illuminance can be adjusted by changing the amplitudes of the red light, the green light, and the blue light. Also, the color temperature can be adjusted by changing the pulse emission time of red light and green light.

In both daytime and nighttime, it is preferable that the light emission period is 20 ms or less so that a person does not feel flicker. Further, the pulse emission time t1 of the blue light during the day is desirably 100 μs or more in which the biological effect is recognized. Furthermore, it is desirable that the emission intensity D2 of the blue light during the day is 12 μW / cm ² or more where the biological effect is recognized.

  In this embodiment, the sensor 2 in FIG. 2 detects the state of the user on the bed, and when the bed user is present and the back bottom is raised, the active mode is set. The rest mode is set when the user is in the floor and the back bottom is down (horizontal), but this is not a limitation. For example, switching between the daytime and nighttime activity mode and the rest mode is possible depending on the time or environment. It may be automatically performed according to the illuminance or a combination thereof, or may be switched between the activity mode and the rest mode by manual input by a bed user or a caregiver.

  In the activity mode, the driving waveform of the LED in the present invention is preferably such that the ambient illumination is 1000 Lx or more (for example, 1200 Lx) and the environmental color temperature is 5000 K or more (for example, 6000 K) as the lighting device. The wavelength of the blue pulse light is, for example, 450 to 480 nm (for example, 452 nm). The pulse width t1 of the blue pulse light is 1 to 10 ms (for example, 3 ms). The pulse width t2 of red light and green light is 1 to 10 ms (for example, 7 ms). Moreover, the lighting frequency of the pulsed light of red light and green light is 50 Hz or more (for example, 100 Hz). Further, the ratio of the high value D2 of the blue light pulse to the high values D4 and D3 of the red light and green light (light emission intensity ratios D2 / D3 and D2 / D4) is 50% to 150% (for example, 100%). However, to increase the awakening effect, increase it. The ratio of the low value D1 of the blue pulse light to the high values D4 and D3 of the red light and green light (steady light emission intensity ratios D1 / D3 and D1 / D4) is 0% to 50% (for example, 5%). When the flickering feeling is large, the steady light emission intensity ratio is increased.

  In the rest mode, it is preferable that the illumination device has an ambient illuminance of 10 to 50 Lx (for example, 20 Lx) and an ambient color temperature of 2000 to 3000 K (for example, 2000 K). Moreover, it is preferable that the lighting frequency of the pulse of red light and green light is 50 Hz or more (for example, 100 Hz). The pulse widths of red light and green light are arbitrary, but are, for example, 0.1 ms. The red light and green light pulses in the rest mode are preferably overlapped as shown in FIG. 1B, but may be shifted in time as shown in FIG. The ratio of the intensity N1 of the blue light to the pulse height (emission intensity) N3 and N2 of the red light and the green light, that is, the steady light emission intensity ratio is less than 50%, for example, 47%. As a lighting device, the visibility of the color of the illumination light can be adjusted by changing the steady light emission intensity ratio.

  In the above embodiment, the controller 3 determines whether the bed user is in an awake state or a resting state based on the detection signal of the sensor 2, and the LED 5 automatically However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the periods of the awakening state and the resting state can be uniformly determined by a timer. The period of wakefulness is, for example, from 6 am to 6:00 pm, and the period of resting is from 6 pm to 6:00 am. It is good also as controlling the light emission pulse of each color light. In this case, when the user suddenly gets up in the dark in the night rest mode, the user can be rested without being awakened, thereby reducing the burden on the bed user. Thereby, a biological rhythm can be maintained appropriately. In addition, by automatically lighting in the rest mode at night, visibility can be ensured without excessive awakening when waking up in the dark. Therefore, automatic lighting can achieve both improvement of biological rhythm and prevention of unexpected fall. In the present invention, the lighting device to which the LED is mounted is not limited to the stand shown in FIG. 4, and various types of ceiling light can be used as well as the ceiling ceiling light. For example, the illuminating device 5a shown in FIG. 5 can be installed in any place by the clip 5b, and has versatility.

  According to the present invention, the awakening action and the visibility as a lighting device can be improved, so that the arousal level is increased during the day and the nighttime sleep without impairing the visibility throughout the day. An easy environment can be created. Therefore, it is effective as a lighting device in general homes, and maintains the biological rhythm of patients (bed users) in hospitals, home medical patient (bed user) rooms, neonatal treatment rooms, ICU (intensive care unit), etc. Can be improved. For example, an ICU or the like has conventionally spent all day under the same lighting environment, and awakens and sleeps in the same lighting environment. For this reason, ICU patients (bed users) are prone to extreme sleep deprivation, and have problems such as waking up at night and trying to get up. Therefore, if the lighting device of the present invention is used, the bed user's biological rhythm can be clarified by switching the lighting state between the activity mode and the rest mode, and at the same time, the fall of the night is prevented. This can significantly improve the living environment of the bed user.

1: Bed 2: Sensor 3: Control unit 4a: Red LED driver 4b: Green LED driver 4c: Blue LED driver 5: LED

Claims (5)

A first light emitting unit that emits red LED light;
A second light emitting unit that emits green LED light;
A third light emitting unit for emitting blue LED light;
A first driver for controlling light emitted from the first light emitting unit;
A second driver for controlling light emitted from the second light emitting unit;
A third driver for controlling light emitted from the third light emitting unit;
Each of the red light and the green light has a pulse waveform having a low non-light emission level and a high light emission level, and the blue light has a low low light emission level and a high high light emission level. The first to third drivers so that the low value of the pulse waveform of the red light and the pulse waveform of the green light and the high value of the pulse waveform of the blue light are synchronized with each other. A control unit to control;
A lighting device comprising: A first light emitting unit that emits red LED light;
A second light emitting unit that emits green LED light;
A third light emitting unit for emitting blue LED light;
A first driver for controlling light emitted from the first light emitting unit;
A second driver for controlling light emitted from the second light emitting unit;
A third driver for controlling light emitted from the third light emitting unit;
In the active mode, the red light and the green light both have a pulse waveform having a low non-light emitting level and a high light emitting level, and the blue light has a low low light emitting level, The first waveform so that the low value of the pulse waveform of the red light and the pulse waveform of the green light and the high value of the pulse waveform of the blue light are synchronized with each other. To controlling the third driver, and in the rest mode, the red light and the green light both have a pulse waveform having a low value of a non-light emitting level and a high value of a light emitting level, and the blue light is A control unit for controlling the first to third drivers to have a certain level of light emission intensity;
A lighting device comprising: 3. The illumination device according to claim 2, wherein in the active mode, a high-value period of blue pulse light is 100 μs or more, and a high-value emission intensity of the blue pulse light is 12 μW / cm ² or more. . The first to third light emitting units are responsible for lighting a room in which a bed is installed,
The control unit determines whether the bed user is awake or sleep based on a detection signal of a sensor that detects a body movement and / or activity amount of the user on the bed. 4. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the activity mode or the rest mode is set based on a result. 4. The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit switches between the activity mode and the rest mode with a timer, with the daytime being an activity mode and the nighttime being a rest mode.

Images