JP6489705B2

JP6489705B2 - Drilling bit

Info

Publication number: JP6489705B2
Application number: JP2016218353A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 直小林
Original assignee: Tungaloy Corp
Current assignee: Tungaloy Corp
Priority date: 2016-11-08
Filing date: 2016-11-08
Publication date: 2019-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-08
Also published as: JP2018076686A

Description

本発明は掘削機に用いられる掘削ビットに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a drill bit used in an excavator.

近年、掘削工事においては、コスト低減の観点から、掘削ビットの長寿命化が望まれている。一般に、掘削ビットは、鋼材からなるシャンク（母材）に対して超硬合金製のチップを取り付けたものが知られている。長寿命化を図った掘削ビットとして特許文献１は、比較的軟性のチップと、比較的硬性のチップとを併用したものを開示している。 In recent years, in excavation work, it has been desired to extend the life of excavation bits from the viewpoint of cost reduction. Generally, a drill bit is known in which a cemented carbide tip is attached to a shank (base material) made of steel. Patent Document 1 discloses a combination of a relatively soft tip and a relatively hard tip as an excavation bit with a long life.

特開２００６−２４１６８１号公報JP 2006-241681 A

特許文献１が開示する掘削ビットの寿命は決して十分なものではなく、さらに長寿命な掘削ビットが要求されている。本発明は、上記実情に鑑みて、より長寿命な掘削ビットを提供することを目的とする。 The lifetime of the drill bit disclosed in Patent Document 1 is never sufficient, and a drill bit with a longer lifetime is required. In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a drill bit having a longer life.

本発明に係る掘削ビットは、第１の端面と、前記第１の端面に対向する第２の端面と、前記第１の端面から前記第２の端面まで貫通する貫通穴と、を有し、超硬合金からなる第１チップと、第３の端面と、前記第３の端面に対向する第４の端面と、を有し、前記第１チップの硬度以下の硬度である超硬合金からなる第２チップと、前記第１チップの貫通穴に挿入され、ダイヤモンド焼結体からなる第３チップと、鋼材からなり、底面と前記底面の周囲に配置される一つの立壁とで構成されるチップ取り付け部を有する母材と、を備え、前記第２チップの前記第４の端面は前記チップ取り付け部の前記底面にろう付けで接合され、前記第１チップの前記第２の端面および前記第３チップは前記第２チップの前記第３の端面にろう付けで接合される掘削ビットである。 The excavation bit according to the present invention has a first end face, a second end face facing the first end face, and a through hole penetrating from the first end face to the second end face, It has a first chip made of cemented carbide, a third end face, and a fourth end face facing the third end face, and is made of a cemented carbide having a hardness equal to or lower than the hardness of the first chip. A chip composed of a second chip, a third chip inserted into the through hole of the first chip and made of a diamond sintered body, and made of a steel material and comprising a bottom surface and one standing wall arranged around the bottom surface A base material having a mounting portion, wherein the fourth end surface of the second chip is joined to the bottom surface of the chip mounting portion by brazing, and the second end surface of the first chip and the third chip The chip is joined to the third end face of the second chip by brazing. Is a drill bit.

本発明に係る掘削ビットは、第３チップが円柱状であると好ましい。 In the excavation bit according to the present invention, the third tip is preferably cylindrical.

本発明に係る掘削ビットは、第１チップが四角柱であって、第１チップの第１の端面とその側面との交差稜線部に面取りが施されていると好ましい。 In the excavation bit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the first tip is a quadrangular prism, and a chamfer is applied to the intersection ridge line portion between the first end surface of the first tip and the side surface thereof.

本発明に係る掘削ビットは、第１チップの側面の一部が母材のチップ取り付け部が有する立壁にろう付けされ、第２チップの側面の一部がチップ取り付け部の立壁にろう付けされると好ましい。 In the excavation bit according to the present invention, a part of the side surface of the first tip is brazed to the standing wall of the tip mounting portion of the base material, and a part of the side surface of the second tip is brazed to the standing wall of the tip mounting portion. And preferred.

実施形態に係る掘削ビットを適用したカッターフェイスを盤面側から見た図である。It is the figure which looked at the cutter face to which the excavation bit which concerns on embodiment is applied from the board surface side. 実施形態に係る掘削ビットの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the excavation bit concerning an embodiment. 実施形態に係る掘削ビットの別の角度からの斜視図である。It is a perspective view from another angle of the excavation bit concerning an embodiment. 実施形態に係る掘削ビットの正面図である。It is a front view of the excavation bit concerning an embodiment. 実施形態に係る掘削ビットの左側面図である。It is a left view of the excavation bit concerning an embodiment. 実施形態に係る掘削ビットの平面図である。It is a top view of the excavation bit concerning an embodiment. 実施形態に係る母材の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the base material concerning an embodiment. 図６のＶIII―ＶIII断面図である。FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 6.

以下、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態について説明する。図１に示すように、円盤状のカッターフェイス１００は、掘削機（図示せず）の先端に回転可能に配置され、本実施形態の掘削ビット１はカッターフェイス１００の盤面に取り付けられる。具体的には、一部の掘削ビット１はカッターフェイス１００の縁に沿って配置され、別の掘削ビット１はカッターフェイス１００の中心から放射状に配置される。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a disc-shaped cutter face 100 is rotatably disposed at the tip of an excavator (not shown), and the excavation bit 1 of this embodiment is attached to the disc surface of the cutter face 100. Specifically, some excavation bits 1 are arranged along the edge of the cutter face 100, and other excavation bits 1 are arranged radially from the center of the cutter face 100.

図２から図８に示すように、掘削ビット１は、円形の貫通穴を有する第１チップ１０と、第１チップ１０に接合される第２チップ２０と、第１チップ１０の貫通穴に挿入される第３チップ３０と、第１チップ１０および第２チップ２０を取り付けるためのチップ取り付け部４１を有する母材４０と、を備える。 As shown in FIGS. 2 to 8, the excavation bit 1 is inserted into the first chip 10 having a circular through hole, the second chip 20 joined to the first chip 10, and the through hole of the first chip 10. And a base material 40 having a chip attachment portion 41 for attaching the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 to each other.

第１チップ１０は第１の端面１１と第１の端面１１に対向する第２の端面１２とを有する、おおよそ四角柱に近似できる形状である。以下の説明においては、第１チップ１０の第１の端面１１を「上面１１」と便宜的に呼称し、第２の端面１２を「下面１２」と便宜的に呼称する。 The first chip 10 has a first end face 11 and a second end face 12 facing the first end face 11 and has a shape that can be approximated to a quadrangular prism. In the following description, the first end surface 11 of the first chip 10 is referred to as “upper surface 11” for the sake of convenience, and the second end surface 12 is referred to as “lower surface 12” for the sake of convenience.

第２チップ２０は第３の端面２１と、第３の端面２１に対向する第４の端面２２と、を有する、第１チップ１０よりも相対的に薄い四角形平板形状である。
ここで「薄い」とは、第２チップ２０の第３の端面２１から第４の端面２２までの距離が、第１チップ１０の上面１１から下面１２までの距離よりも短いことを意味している。
以下の説明においては、第２チップ２０の第３の端面２１を「上面２１」と便宜的に呼称し、第４の端面２２を「下面２２」と便宜的に呼称する。 The second chip 20 has a rectangular flat plate shape that has a third end surface 21 and a fourth end surface 22 that faces the third end surface 21 and is relatively thinner than the first chip 10.
Here, “thin” means that the distance from the third end surface 21 to the fourth end surface 22 of the second chip 20 is shorter than the distance from the upper surface 11 to the lower surface 12 of the first chip 10. Yes.
In the following description, the third end surface 21 of the second chip 20 is referred to as “upper surface 21” for the sake of convenience, and the fourth end surface 22 is referred to as “lower surface 22” for the sake of convenience.

第３チップ３０は、円柱状でダイヤモンド焼結体からなる。以下の説明においては、第３チップ３０を構成する面のうち第２チップ２０と当接する面を「下面３２」と便宜的に呼称し、下面３２に対向し、外に露出する面を「上面３１」と便宜的に呼称する。 The 3rd chip | tip 30 is cylindrical and consists of a diamond sintered compact. In the following description, a surface that contacts the second chip 20 among the surfaces constituting the third chip 30 is referred to as a “lower surface 32” for convenience, and a surface that faces the lower surface 32 and is exposed to the outside is referred to as an “upper surface”. 31 ”for convenience.

第１チップ１０の上面１１と上面１１に接続する側面１３との交差稜線部が掘削に関与する部分となり、そこには面取り部１４がある。すなわち、第１チップ１０は三つの掘削に関与する部分を有する。図８の断面図に示すように、第１チップ１０は上面１１から下面１２までを貫く円形の貫通穴１５を有する。第１チップ１０の下面１２と第２チップ２０の上面２１とはろう付けによって接合される。第１チップ１０の側面１３の一部は、母材４０に形成されたチップ取り付け部４１を構成する立壁４３にろう付けで接合される。第１チップ１０は超硬合金からなり、硬度は８４ＨＲＡ以上８９ＨＲＡ以下であることが好ましい。 An intersection ridge line portion between the upper surface 11 of the first chip 10 and the side surface 13 connected to the upper surface 11 becomes a portion involved in excavation, and a chamfered portion 14 is present there. In other words, the first chip 10 has three parts involved in excavation. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 8, the first chip 10 has a circular through hole 15 that penetrates from the upper surface 11 to the lower surface 12. The lower surface 12 of the first chip 10 and the upper surface 21 of the second chip 20 are joined by brazing. A part of the side surface 13 of the first chip 10 is joined by brazing to a standing wall 43 constituting a chip mounting portion 41 formed in the base material 40. The first chip 10 is made of a cemented carbide and preferably has a hardness of 84 HRA or more and 89 HRA or less.

第３チップ３０は第１チップ１０に形成された貫通穴１５に挿入される。第３チップ３０の下面３２から上面３１までの距離は第１チップ１０のそれに等しく、第３チップ３０の上面３１および下面３２は第１チップ１０の上面１１および下面１２と面一になる。
第３チップ３０は第１チップ１０よりも硬く、その硬度は６０００ＨＶ以上１２０００ＨＶ以下であることが好ましい。
第１チップ１０の貫通穴１５に挿入された第３チップ３０の下面３２は、第２チップ２０の上面２１にろう付けで接合される。 The third chip 30 is inserted into the through hole 15 formed in the first chip 10. The distance from the lower surface 32 of the third chip 30 to the upper surface 31 is equal to that of the first chip 10, and the upper surface 31 and the lower surface 32 of the third chip 30 are flush with the upper surface 11 and the lower surface 12 of the first chip 10.
The third chip 30 is harder than the first chip 10 and preferably has a hardness of 6000 HV to 12000 HV.
The lower surface 32 of the third chip 30 inserted into the through hole 15 of the first chip 10 is joined to the upper surface 21 of the second chip 20 by brazing.

第２チップ２０の外郭形状の大きさは、第１チップ１０の下面１２の大きさにほぼ等しい。
第２チップ２０の下面２２は、母材４０に形成されたチップ取り付け部４１の載置面４２（底面）にろう付けによって接合され、第２チップ２０の側面２３の一部はチップ取り付け部４１の立壁４３にろう付けによって接合される。
第２チップ２０は超硬合金からなり、その硬度は第１チップ１０の硬度と同じかそれよりも低い。 The size of the outer shape of the second chip 20 is substantially equal to the size of the lower surface 12 of the first chip 10.
The lower surface 22 of the second chip 20 is joined to a mounting surface 42 (bottom surface) of the chip mounting portion 41 formed on the base material 40 by brazing, and a part of the side surface 23 of the second chip 20 is a chip mounting portion 41. Are joined to the standing wall 43 by brazing.
The second chip 20 is made of a cemented carbide, and the hardness thereof is the same as or lower than the hardness of the first chip 10.

母材４０は鋼材からなり、図７に示すように、角部に比較的大きな切り欠き部を有しており、正面視したときの形状はおおよそＬ字形状である。
その切り欠き部は一体化された第１チップ１０、第２チップ２０、および第３チップ３０が載置されるチップ取り付け部４１となる。
チップ取り付け部４１は載置面４２と、載置面から立ち上がる一つの立壁４３と、で構成され、立壁４３がある箇所以外は外部に開放されている。すなわち、チップ取り付け部４１の周囲にある壁は立壁４３一つだけである。したがって、チップ取り付け部４１に取り付けられた第１チップ１０および第２チップ２０の側面の大部分は露出する。このように、母材４０をＬ字形状にし、チップ取り付け部４１の立壁４３を一つだけにすることで、略四角柱の外郭形状の第１チップ１０の掘削に関与する部分が増える。つまり、立壁４３の数を極力減らすことで、第１チップ１０の上面１１と側面１３との交差稜線部のうち露出する部分が増え、効率的に掘削できるようになる。
母材４０の上面４４の一部はチップ取り付け部４１から離れるにしたがって載置面４２に近付く向きに傾斜する傾斜面４５になっている。
傾斜面４５は上面４４の端に位置しており、母材４０の右側面に接続している。 As shown in FIG. 7, the base material 40 is made of steel and has a relatively large notch at the corner, and the shape when viewed from the front is approximately L-shaped.
The cutout portion becomes a chip attachment portion 41 on which the integrated first chip 10, second chip 20, and third chip 30 are placed.
The chip mounting portion 41 is composed of a placement surface 42 and a single standing wall 43 that rises from the placement surface, and is open to the outside except where the standing wall 43 is located. That is, there is only one standing wall 43 around the chip mounting portion 41. Therefore, most of the side surfaces of the first chip 10 and the second chip 20 attached to the chip attachment portion 41 are exposed. In this way, by forming the base material 40 in an L shape and having only one standing wall 43 of the tip mounting portion 41, the portion involved in the excavation of the first tip 10 having a substantially quadrangular outer shape increases. That is, by reducing the number of standing walls 43 as much as possible, the exposed portion of the intersecting ridge line portion between the upper surface 11 and the side surface 13 of the first chip 10 is increased, and the excavation can be efficiently performed.
A part of the upper surface 44 of the base material 40 is an inclined surface 45 that is inclined so as to approach the mounting surface 42 as the distance from the chip mounting portion 41 increases.
The inclined surface 45 is located at the end of the upper surface 44 and is connected to the right side surface of the base material 40.

次に、実施形態に係る掘削ビット１の効果について説明する。掘削ビット１は、図１に示すようにカッターフェイス１００の盤面に溶接によって固定される。カッターフェイス１の回転に際して第１チップ１０が地盤に当接して当該地盤を掘削する。掘削ビット１は、第３チップ３０によって高い耐摩耗性が得られ、また第３チップ３０に加わる衝撃を第１チップ１０が緩衝するために耐衝撃性も向上する。この結果、掘削ビット１の長寿命化を図ることができる。 Next, the effect of the excavation bit 1 according to the embodiment will be described. The excavation bit 1 is fixed to the surface of the cutter face 100 by welding as shown in FIG. When the cutter face 1 rotates, the first chip 10 comes into contact with the ground to excavate the ground. The excavation bit 1 has high wear resistance due to the third tip 30, and the impact resistance is improved because the first tip 10 cushions the impact applied to the third tip 30. As a result, the life of the excavation bit 1 can be extended.

また、第１チップ１０および第３チップ３０と母材４０との間には、第１チップ１０と同等かより小さい硬度の超硬合金からなる第２チップ２０が介在している。母材４０は熱膨張しやすく、第１チップ１０および第３チップ３０は母材４０よりも熱膨張しにくいので、直接これらが接合されていると通常ならば相互間で応力ひずみが生じるが、第２チップ２０があることによって、その応力歪みが緩和される。このため、第１チップ１０と第３チップ３０とにクラックを生じる事態が緩和される。 Further, between the first chip 10 and the third chip 30 and the base material 40, the second chip 20 made of a cemented carbide having a hardness equal to or smaller than that of the first chip 10 is interposed. Since the base material 40 is likely to thermally expand, and the first chip 10 and the third chip 30 are less likely to thermally expand than the base material 40, if they are directly joined, usually stress strain occurs between them. The presence of the second chip 20 reduces the stress strain. For this reason, the situation which a crack produces in the 1st chip 10 and the 3rd chip 30 is eased.

第１チップ１０の側面１３の一部および第２チップ２０の側面２３の一部がチップ取り付け部４１の立壁４３にろう付けされることにより、より強固に固定され、掘削時に岩盤からこれらチップに加わる力に対する抵抗力が向上する。そのため、掘削ビット１の寿命が延びる。 A part of the side surface 13 of the first chip 10 and a part of the side surface 23 of the second chip 20 are brazed to the standing wall 43 of the chip mounting part 41 so that they are fixed more firmly. Resistance to applied force is improved. Therefore, the life of the excavation bit 1 is extended.

母材４０の上面４４に傾斜面４５が設けられることにより、破砕した岩石の破片（いわゆる繰粉）を効果的に機械の後方に排出できるようになる。 By providing the inclined surface 45 on the upper surface 44 of the base material 40, crushed rock fragments (so-called dusting) can be effectively discharged to the rear of the machine.

掘削ビット１においては、第１チップ１０および第３チップ３０と第２チップ２０とは、ろう付けによって接合されることで、締結部材や接着剤などのその他の接合方法よりも強い耐衝撃性で接合される。２００N/mm2以上の強度と低い接合温度で足りるという観点から、銀ろう付けが好ましい。 In the excavation bit 1, the first tip 10, the third tip 30, and the second tip 20 are joined by brazing, so that the impact resistance is stronger than other joining methods such as fastening members and adhesives. Be joined. Silver brazing is preferable from the viewpoint that a strength of 200 N / mm 2 or more and a low bonding temperature are sufficient.

本発明は上記の実施形態に限定されず種々の変形が可能である。
例えば、母材４０に形成されるチップ取り付け部４１に関して、上記実施形態では載置面４２と立壁４３とが直接接続されているが、載置面４２と立壁４３との間に第２チップ２０の縁が接触することを防止する為のぬすみが形成されていてもよい。ぬすみの有無自体は本願発明の実質的な効果に影響を与えない。
上記実施形態では第３チップ３０は円柱状であったが、第３チップ３０の形状に特に限定はなく、例えば直方体であってもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
For example, regarding the chip attachment portion 41 formed on the base material 40, the mounting surface 42 and the standing wall 43 are directly connected in the above embodiment, but the second chip 20 is interposed between the mounting surface 42 and the standing wall 43. A dullness may be formed to prevent the edges of the contacts. The presence or absence of dullness itself does not affect the substantial effect of the present invention.
In the said embodiment, although the 3rd chip | tip 30 was cylindrical shape, there is no limitation in particular in the shape of the 3rd chip | tip 30, For example, a rectangular parallelepiped may be sufficient.

１…掘削ビット
１０…第１チップ
２０…第２チップ
３０…第３チップ
４０…母材
４１…チップ取り付け部
１００…カッターフェイス

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drilling bit 10 ... 1st chip | tip 20 ... 2nd chip | tip 30 ... 3rd chip | tip 40 ... Base material 41 ... Chip | tip attachment part 100 ... Cutter face

Claims

A first tip made of a cemented carbide, having a first end face, a second end face facing the first end face, and a through hole penetrating from the first end face to the second end face. When,
A third chip inserted into the through hole of the first chip and made of a diamond sintered body;
A second chip which chromatic and third end surface, and a fourth end surface opposed to the third end surface of the,
Comprising a base material having a chip mounting portion made of a steel material and composed of a bottom surface and a single standing wall arranged around the bottom surface,
The second chip is made of a cemented carbide having a hardness equal to or less than the hardness of the first chip to a degree that relieves stress strain between the first chip and the third chip and the base material,
The fourth end surface of the second chip is joined to the bottom surface of the chip mounting portion by brazing,
A drill bit in which the second end surface of the first tip and the third tip are joined to the third end surface of the second tip by brazing.

2. The excavation bit according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the first tip is not less than 84 HRA and not more than 89 HRA, and the hardness of the third tip is not less than 6000 HV and not more than 12000 HV.

The excavation bit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third tip has a cylindrical shape.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first chip is a quadrangular prism, and a chamfered portion is provided at an intersection ridge line portion between the first end surface of the first chip and a side surface connected to the first end surface. Drilling bit as described in.

A part of the side surface connected to the first end surface and the second end surface of the first chip is joined to the standing wall of the chip mounting portion by brazing,
5. The excavation according to claim 1, wherein a part of a side surface connected to the third end surface and the fourth end surface of the second tip is joined to the standing wall of the tip attachment portion by brazing. bit.