JP6489066B2 - Jaw for tightening device - Google Patents

Jaw for tightening device Download PDF

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JP6489066B2
JP6489066B2 JP2016103801A JP2016103801A JP6489066B2 JP 6489066 B2 JP6489066 B2 JP 6489066B2 JP 2016103801 A JP2016103801 A JP 2016103801A JP 2016103801 A JP2016103801 A JP 2016103801A JP 6489066 B2 JP6489066 B2 JP 6489066B2
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coupling
oil well
tightening
well pipe
jaw
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JP2017209745A (en
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直哉 冨田
直哉 冨田
忠 井上
忠 井上
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JFE Steel Corp
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Description

本発明は、管端部にネジを有する鋼管(たとえば油井管等)にカップリングを締付けるための締付け装置で使用するジョーに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a jaw used in a tightening device for tightening a coupling to a steel pipe (for example, an oil well pipe) having a screw at a pipe end.

石油や天然ガスを採掘する井戸(いわゆる油井)で使用する鋼管は油井管と呼ばれており、油井管の製造工場にて管端部のネジにカップリングを締付けた状態で出荷される。油井管の製造工場にてカップリングを締付ける際に用いる締付け装置は、油井管を保持するチャック(以下、パイプチャックという)とカップリングを保持するチャック(以下、カップリングチャックという)とを備えており、パイプチャックによって油井管を所定の位置に保持しつつ、カップリングチャックを回転させることによってカップリングを回転させて螺合する構成になっている。   Steel pipes used in wells (so-called oil wells) for mining oil and natural gas are called oil well pipes, and are shipped in a state where the coupling is fastened to the screw at the end of the pipe at the oil well pipe manufacturing plant. A tightening device used for tightening a coupling in an oil well pipe manufacturing plant includes a chuck for holding an oil well pipe (hereinafter referred to as a pipe chuck) and a chuck for holding a coupling (hereinafter referred to as a coupling chuck). The oil well pipe is held at a predetermined position by the pipe chuck, and the coupling chuck is rotated to be screwed together by rotating the coupling chuck.

つまり締付けを行なう間は、油井管本体とパイプチャックとの相対的な位置関係、および、カップリングとカップリングチャックとの相対的な位置関係は一定である。それぞれのチャックには、油井管やカップリングに当接する複数個の治具(以下、ジョーという)がチャックに固定されており、その鋼製のジョーが油井管やカップリングに密着して把持する構成になっている。   That is, while tightening, the relative positional relationship between the oil well pipe body and the pipe chuck and the relative positional relationship between the coupling and the coupling chuck are constant. Each chuck has a plurality of jigs (hereinafter referred to as jaws) that are in contact with the oil well pipe and the coupling, and the steel jaws are in close contact with the oil well pipe and the coupling to be gripped. It is configured.

カップリングの締付け時に滑りが生じると、締付け不良となって、油井管の歩留りの低下を招く。そこで、滑りを防止するために、油井管やカップリングに対向するジョーの表面(以下、締付け対向面という)に爪を有するジョーを使用し、油井管本体やカップリングに爪を引っ掛けて締付けを行なっている。そのためジョーに起因する表面疵が油井管やカップリングに発生し易いという問題がある。   If slip occurs when the coupling is tightened, the tightening is poor and the yield of the oil well pipe is reduced. Therefore, in order to prevent slipping, use a jaw with a claw on the surface of the jaw facing the oil well pipe or coupling (hereinafter referred to as the tightening facing surface), and tighten the hook by hooking the claw on the oil well pipe body or coupling. Is doing. Therefore, there is a problem that surface flaws caused by the jaws are likely to occur in the oil well pipe and the coupling.

近年、石油資源は、浅い油井(いわゆる浅井戸)で採掘可能な埋蔵量が減少し、高深度の油井(いわゆる深井戸)の掘削が進められている。深井戸においては、高温かつ腐食性の環境にある深奥部から石油資源を採掘するので、表面疵を有する油井管やカップリングを使用すると、上記の浅井戸と同じ問題点に加えて、表面疵から腐食が進行する惧れがある。また、浅井戸においては、油井の現場で、表面疵によって作業員が怪我をする、あるいは表面疵を起点として亀裂が生じる惧れがある。
この問題を解決するために、油井管やカップリングの締付けによる表面疵を防止する技術が検討されている。
In recent years, reserves that can be mined in shallow oil wells (so-called shallow wells) have decreased, and drilling of deep oil wells (so-called deep wells) has been promoted. In deep wells, oil resources are mined from deep depths in a high-temperature and corrosive environment, so using oil well pipes and couplings with surface troughs, in addition to the same problems as the above shallow wells, There is a possibility that corrosion will progress. In addition, in shallow wells, workers may be injured by surface defects at the oil well site, or cracks may occur starting from surface defects.
In order to solve this problem, a technique for preventing surface flaws due to tightening of an oil well pipe or a coupling has been studied.

たとえば、特許文献1に開示されたノンスリップテープをジョーの当接面に貼付けて、締付けを行なう技術が検討されている。しかし、200回程度の締付けを行なうと、ノンスリップテープが破れる、あるいは剥離する等の問題がある。つまり油井管200本ごとにノンスリップテープを交換しなければならないので、油井管の生産性の低下を招く。
また、締付け密着面にWC(タングステンカーバイド)を電着して締付けを行なう技術が開発されているが、微細な疵が油井管やカップリングに発生し易いという問題がある。
For example, a technique has been studied in which a non-slip tape disclosed in Patent Document 1 is attached to the abutting surface of a jaw and tightened. However, when tightening about 200 times, there is a problem that the non-slip tape is torn or peeled off. In other words, the non-slip tape must be replaced every 200 oil well pipes, leading to a decrease in productivity of the oil well pipes.
In addition, a technique has been developed in which WC (tungsten carbide) is electrodeposited on the tight contact surface, but there is a problem that fine flaws are likely to occur in an oil well pipe or coupling.

特開平6-206447号公報JP-A-6-206447

本発明は、従来の技術の問題点を解消し、油井管とカップリングとの締付けを行なうにあたって、油井管やカップリングの表面疵を防止することができ、しかも優れた耐用性を有する締付け装置用のジョーを提供することを目的とする。   The present invention eliminates the problems of the prior art and, when tightening the oil well pipe and the coupling, can prevent the surface flaws of the oil well pipe and the coupling, and has a superior durability The purpose is to provide a jaw for use.

本発明者は、油井管やカップリングの表面疵を防止する技術について検討するために、ジョーの締付け密着面の性状を種々変化させて、油井管とカップリングとの締付けの実験を行なった。そして、油井管やカップリングの外径に合わせて円弧状に湾曲した締付け対向面に非金属材料(たとえば、炭化チタン、ダイアモンド等)の粒子を固着させたジョーは、
(A)締付け対向面に固着した非金属材料の粒子が油井管やカップリングに密着し、締付け時に滑りが生じるのを防止できる、
(B)締付け時に油井管やカップリングと締付け対向面との間に非金属材料の粒子が存在するので、極めて小さい隙間が発生する、
(C)その隙間が油井管やカップリングの表面疵の防止に寄与する、
(D)非金属材料である炭化チタンやダイアモンドは耐摩耗性に優れた素材であるから、ジョーの耐用性を高める効果が得られる
という利点を有し、さらに
(E)締付け対向面の表層に電流を流して薄いメッキ層を形成し、そのメッキ層に非金属材料の粒子を埋め込むことによって、締付け対向面に非金属材料の粒子を固着(以下、接着という)させることができる(図2参照)
という知得を得た。
In order to examine the technique for preventing surface flaws in an oil well pipe or a coupling, the present inventor conducted an experiment for fastening the oil well pipe and the coupling while changing the properties of the fastening contact surface of the jaw in various ways. And the jaw which fixed the particle | grains of nonmetallic materials (for example, titanium carbide, a diamond, etc.) to the clamp | tightening opposing surface curved in the circular arc shape according to the outer diameter of an oil well pipe or a coupling,
(A) It is possible to prevent non-metallic material particles adhering to the tightening facing surface from sticking to the oil well pipe or the coupling, and to prevent slippage during tightening.
(B) Since there are non-metallic material particles between the oil well pipe or coupling and the tightening facing surface during tightening, an extremely small gap is generated.
(C) The gap contributes to the prevention of surface flaws in oil well pipes and couplings.
(D) Titanium carbide and diamond, which are non-metallic materials, are materials with excellent wear resistance, and thus have the advantage of improving the durability of the jaws.
(E) A thin plating layer is formed by applying a current to the surface layer of the clamping opposing surface, and the nonmetallic material particles are fixed to the clamping opposing surface by embedding the nonmetallic material particles in the plating layer (hereinafter referred to as adhesion). (See Fig. 2)
I got the knowledge.

本発明は、このような知見に基づいてなされたものである。
すなわち本発明は、油井管のネジとカップリングとの締付けを行なう締付け装置のチャックに装着されて、締付けの際に油井管あるいはカップリングを把持するジョーであって、締付け時に油井管あるいはカップリングに対向する締付け対向面が油井管あるいはカップリングの外径と同一の曲率で円弧状に湾曲し、かつ締付け対向面に非金属材料の粒子を接着させてなるジョーである。
The present invention has been made based on such knowledge.
That is, the present invention is a jaw that is attached to a chuck of a tightening device that tightens a screw and a coupling of an oil well pipe, and grips the oil well pipe or the coupling at the time of tightening. The jaw facing surface is curved in a circular arc shape with the same curvature as the outer diameter of the oil well pipe or coupling, and non-metallic material particles are adhered to the clamping facing surface.

本発明のジョーにおいては、非金属材料としてダイアモンドを使用することが好ましい。また、その非金属材料あるいはダイアモンドの平均粒径が590〜840μmであることが好ましい。   In the jaw of the present invention, it is preferable to use diamond as the non-metallic material. The average particle size of the nonmetallic material or diamond is preferably 590 to 840 μm.

本発明によれば、油井管とカップリングとの締付けを行なうにあたって、油井管やカップリングの表面疵を防止することが可能となり、しかも、ジョーを長期間にわたって使用できるので、産業上格段の効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, when tightening the oil well pipe and the coupling, it becomes possible to prevent the surface flaws of the oil well pipe and the coupling, and the jaw can be used for a long period of time. Play.

本発明のジョーの例を模式的に示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the example of the jaw of this invention typically. 図1のジョーの締付け対向面を拡大して示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the clamping opposing surface of the jaw of FIG.

図1は、本発明のジョーの例を模式的に示す斜視図であり、その締付け対向面を拡大して図2に断面図として示す。
鋼製のジョー1の締付け対向面1aは、締付けを行なう油井管やカップリングの外径と同一の曲率で円弧状に湾曲しており、その締付け対向面1aに非金属材料の粒子2が接着されている。非金属材料の粒子2を接着する際には、締付け対向面1aの表層に電流を流して薄いメッキ層3を形成し、そのメッキ層3に非金属材料の粒子2を埋め込み、次いで冷却することによって、図2に示すように、非金属材料の粒子2の一部分が埋没し、先端部分が突出した状態で接着できる。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a jaw of the present invention, and its tightening facing surface is enlarged and shown as a cross-sectional view in FIG.
The tightening facing surface 1a of the steel jaw 1 is curved in an arc shape with the same curvature as the outer diameter of the oil well pipe or coupling to be tightened, and particles 2 of non-metallic material are bonded to the tightening facing surface 1a. Has been. When bonding the non-metallic material particles 2, an electric current is applied to the surface layer of the clamping facing surface 1 a to form a thin plating layer 3, and the non-metallic material particles 2 are embedded in the plating layer 3 and then cooled. 2, as shown in FIG. 2, a part of the non-metallic material particle 2 is buried and can be bonded with the tip portion protruding.

そのジョー1をパイプチャックやカップリングチャックに装着して、締付けを行なう。締付け時には、非金属材料の粒子2の先端が油井管やカップリングに接触するので、ジョー1の締付け対向面1aと油井管やカップリングとは密着せず、その間に極めて小さい隙間が生じる。したがって、締付け時にジョー1が原因となって発生する油井管やカップリングの表面疵を防止できる。   The jaw 1 is attached to a pipe chuck or a coupling chuck and tightened. At the time of tightening, the tip of the non-metallic material particle 2 comes into contact with the oil well pipe or the coupling, so that the tightening facing surface 1a of the jaw 1 is not in close contact with the oil well pipe or the coupling, and an extremely small gap is formed between them. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the surface defect of the oil well pipe or the coupling caused by the jaw 1 at the time of tightening.

非金属材料の粒子2の平均粒径が小さすぎる場合は、締付け時に滑りが生じて、締付け不良となる。平均粒径が大きすぎる場合は、非金属材料の粒子2が原因となって、油井管やカップリングに表面疵が発生する。したがって非金属材料の粒子2の平均粒径は、590〜840μmが好ましい。
非金属材料の粒子2は、炭化チタンの粒子を使用する。
If the average particle diameter of the non-metallic material particles 2 is too small, slipping occurs during tightening, resulting in poor tightening. When the average particle diameter is too large, surface defects are generated in the oil well pipe and the coupling due to the non-metallic material particles 2. Therefore, the average particle diameter of the non-metallic material particles 2 is preferably 590 to 840 μm.
Particles 2 of non-metallic materials, to use a carbonized titanium emissions of particles.

ジョー1の寸法は特に限定せず、締付けを行なう油井管やカップリングの外径、締付け装置の設備仕様、チャックの構成等に応じて適宜設定する。
また、締付け対向面1aにおける非金属材料の粒子2の分布密度(粒/cm2)も特に限定せず、締付けを行なう油井管やカップリングの外径、締付け装置の設備仕様、チャックの構成等に応じて適宜設定する。
なお、本発明のジョー1は、パイプチャックおよびカップリングチャックのいずれにおいても使用できる。
本発明のジョーをパイプチャックやカップリングチャックに装着する手段は、特に限定しない。たとえば、キーを介してパイプチャックやカップリングチャックにジョーを装着する等、従来から知られている手段を用いる。
The dimensions of the jaw 1 are not particularly limited, and are appropriately set according to the outer diameter of the oil well pipe or coupling to be tightened, the equipment specifications of the tightening device, the configuration of the chuck, or the like.
In addition, the distribution density (particles / cm 2 ) of the nonmetallic material particles 2 on the tightening facing surface 1a is not particularly limited, and the outer diameter of the oil well pipe or coupling to be tightened, the equipment specifications of the tightening device, the chuck configuration, etc. Set appropriately according to
The jaw 1 of the present invention can be used in both a pipe chuck and a coupling chuck.
The means for attaching the jaw of the present invention to a pipe chuck or coupling chuck is not particularly limited. For example, a conventionally known means such as attaching a jaw to a pipe chuck or coupling chuck via a key is used.

図1に示す鋼製のジョーの締付け対向面に炭化チタンの粒子(平均粒径650μm)を接着したものをパイプチャックとカップリングチャックに装着して、油井管とカップリングの締付け(500回)を行なった。これを発明例とする。
次いで、鋼製のジョーの締付け対向面にダイアモンドの粒子(平均粒径715μm)を接着したものをパイプチャックとカップリングチャックに装着して、油井管とカップリングの締付け(500回)を行なった。これを参考例とする。
Tightening of oil well pipe and coupling (500 times) with titanium carbide particles (average particle size 650μm) bonded to the steel jaw shown in Fig. 1 attached to the pipe chuck and coupling chuck Was done. This is an invention example .
Next, diamond steel particles (average particle size: 715 μm) bonded to the clamping jaw of the steel jaw were mounted on the pipe chuck and coupling chuck, and the oil well pipe and coupling were tightened (500 times). . This is a reference example .

発明例および参考例は、いずれもパイプチャック、カップリングチャックやキーに関わる設備故障は発生せず、かつ締付け時のトルクおよび回転数は全て規定の範囲を満たし、円滑に操業できた。
In the invention example and the reference example , no equipment failure related to the pipe chuck, the coupling chuck, or the key occurred, and the torque and the number of rotations during tightening all satisfied the specified range and could be operated smoothly.

その後、パイプチャックとカップリングチャックからジョーを取外して、ジョーの表面を目視で観察して、亀裂や欠損の有無を調査した。その結果、本発明のジョーは、亀裂や欠損が発生せず、優れた耐用性を有することが確かめられた。
次に、締付けを行なった油井管とカップリングの表面を目視で観察して、表面疵の有無を調査した。その結果、表面疵は認められなかった。つまり、本発明のジョーを用いて締付けを行なうことによって、油井管とカップリングの表面疵を防止できることが確かめられた。
Thereafter, the jaw was removed from the pipe chuck and the coupling chuck, and the surface of the jaw was visually observed to check for cracks and defects. As a result, it was confirmed that the jaws of the present invention did not generate cracks or defects and had excellent durability.
Next, the tightened oil well pipe and the surface of the coupling were visually observed to investigate the presence of surface flaws. As a result, no surface flaws were observed. That is, it was confirmed that the surface flaws of the oil well pipe and the coupling can be prevented by tightening with the jaw of the present invention.

1 ジョー
1a 締付け対向面
2 非金属材料の粒子
3 メッキ層
1 Joe
1a Tightening facing surface 2 Non-metallic material particles 3 Plating layer

Claims (1)

油井管のネジとカップリングとの締付けを行なう締付け装置のチャックに装着されて、前記締付けの際に前記油井管あるいは前記カップリングを把持するジョーであって、締付け時に前記油井管あるいは前記カップリングに対向する締付け対向面が前記油井管あるいは前記カップリングの外径と同一の曲率で円弧状に湾曲し、かつ前記締付け対向面に平均粒径が590〜840μmである粒子状の炭化チタンを接着させてなることを特徴とする締付け装置用のジョー A jaw mounted on a chuck of a tightening device for tightening a screw and a coupling of an oil well pipe, and gripping the oil well pipe or the coupling during the tightening, wherein the oil well pipe or the coupling during tightening The clamping facing surface facing the surface is curved in an arc shape with the same curvature as the outer diameter of the oil well pipe or the coupling, and particulate titanium carbide having an average particle diameter of 590 to 840 μm is bonded to the clamping facing surface jaws of equipment fastening characterized by comprising by.
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