JP6459998B2 - Contactless power transmission system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a contactless power transmission system for a vehicle.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a contactless power transmission system that transmits power in a contactless manner from a power transmission device embedded in the ground to a power receiving device mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle has been developed. For example, JP2013-154815A (Patent Document 1), JP2013-146154A (Patent Document 2), JP2013-146148A (Patent Document 3), JP2013-110822A (Patent Document). 4), and Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2013-126327 (patent document 5) disclose the non-contact power transmission technique.

  In contactless power transmission, first, wireless communication is established between a power transmission device (or charging station) and a vehicle (power reception device). Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the vehicle is parked at a position suitable for non-contact power transmission to the power transmission device and the vehicle. When the vehicle is parked at an appropriate position, the vehicle is identified as a vehicle that is a power transmission target, and a pairing process that links the vehicle and the power transmission device is performed (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-247796) Publication (refer patent document 6)).

JP2013-154815A JP2013-146154A JP2013-146148A JP 2013-110822 A JP 2013-126327 A JP 2013-247796 A

  The range (communication range) in which wireless communication by the power transmission device is possible is wide to some extent. Therefore, for example, when a plurality of power transmission devices are respectively provided in a parking space for a plurality of vehicles, there may be a plurality of vehicles within a communication range of a certain power transmission device. Therefore, there is a possibility that wireless communication is established with another vehicle traveling around the power transmission device or wireless communication is established with a vehicle parked in another parking space. Therefore, it is required to appropriately perform the pairing process between the power transmission device and a vehicle parked at a position suitable for contactless power transmission from the power transmission device to the vehicle (an appropriate position corresponding to the power transmission device). It is done.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to perform pairing processing between a power transmission device and a vehicle parked at an appropriate position corresponding to the power transmission device in a non-contact power transmission system. Is to provide technology that can be implemented appropriately.

  A non-contact power transmission system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a power receiving device mounted on a vehicle and a power transmission device that performs power transmission to the power receiving device in a non-contact manner after performing pairing processing between the vehicle and the vehicle. And a vehicle stop that transmits a contact signal indicating this to the power transmission device. The vehicle transmits a vehicle state quantity that changes when the vehicle comes into contact with the vehicle stop to the power transmission device by wireless communication. The power transmission device performs a pairing process with the vehicle when the vehicle state quantity received from the vehicle changes when the contact signal is received from the vehicle stop.

  According to the above configuration, the change in the vehicle state quantity (for example, vehicle speed or acceleration) indicating that the traveling vehicle has stopped in contact with the vehicle stop, and the contact signal from the vehicle stop indicating that the vehicle has contacted the vehicle stop. The pairing process is carried out using this. More specifically, the vehicle speed and acceleration are positive or negative values during a parking operation (running) of the vehicle, but change to 0 when the vehicle stops. Therefore, when the vehicle state quantity of the vehicle changes when the contact signal (for example, a signal from the pressure sensor) indicating that the vehicle has contacted the vehicle stop is received from the vehicle stop, the power transmission device is appropriately in contact with the vehicle stop. The pairing process is performed on the assumption that the vehicle is parked at a proper position. Therefore, according to the said structure, a pairing process can be appropriately implemented between a power transmission apparatus and the vehicle parked in the appropriate position corresponding to the power transmission apparatus.

It is a whole lineblock diagram of the non-contact power transmission system concerning this embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of a vehicle, a power transmission apparatus, and a vehicle stop in detail. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the pairing process in this Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will not be repeated.

<Configuration of contactless power transmission system>
1 is an overall configuration diagram of a contactless power transmission system according to Embodiment 1. FIG. In the non-contact power transmission system 1, non-contact power transmission is performed from the charging station 2 to the vehicle 10. The charging station 2 is provided with, for example, three parking spaces P1 to P3. In the ground of the parking spaces P <b> 1 to P <b> 3, power transmission devices 201 to 203 for transmitting power to the vehicle without contact are embedded. In addition, car stops 301 to 303 are provided in the parking spaces P1 to P3, respectively.

  FIG. 1 shows an example in which the vehicle 10 is about to park in the parking space P1. The vehicle 10 is a vehicle on which the power receiving device 100 and the battery 20 (see FIG. 2) are mounted, and is, for example, a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle.

  In the non-contact power transmission in the non-contact power transmission system 1, first, for example, when the vehicle 10 is parked in the parking space P1, wireless communication is established between the vehicle 10 and the power transmission device 201. Furthermore, when the vehicle 10 is parked at a position suitable for non-contact power transmission in the parking space P1 (appropriate position above the power transmission device 201), the pairing process between the vehicle 10 and the power transmission device 201 is completed. Thereafter, the power supplied from the system power source 300 such as a commercial power source to the power transmission device 201 is transmitted to the power reception device 100 in a contactless manner based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and is charged to the battery 20 (both see FIG. 2).

  Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which parking spaces P1 to P3 for three vehicles are provided, the present invention is more generally applicable when one or a plurality of parking spaces are provided. is there. Since the configuration of the parking spaces P1 to P3 is the same, the parking space P1 (that is, the power transmission device 201 and the vehicle stop 301) will be described below representatively.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the vehicle 10, the power transmission device 201, and the vehicle stop 301 in more detail. The vehicle 10 includes a power receiving device 100, a battery 20, a vehicle speed sensor 30, an acceleration sensor 40, an air pressure sensor 50, and an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 60. The power receiving device 100 includes a power receiving unit 110 and a communication unit 120. The power transmission device 201 includes a power transmission unit 210, a communication unit 220, a camera 230, and a control unit 240. The car stop 301 includes a pressure sensor 301A.

  The power receiving unit 110 includes a power receiving coil (not shown). The power reception coil receives power from a power transmission coil (described later) of the power transmission unit 210 in a non-contact manner. The AC power received by the power receiving unit 110 is converted into DC power, and the voltage of the DC power is converted into a predetermined voltage. Note that the number of turns of the conducting wire in the power receiving coil is appropriately designed so that the Q value (for example, Q ≧ 100) and the coupling coefficient κ are increased.

  The communication unit 120 includes a communication module compliant with a wireless LAN standard such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) 802.11, and is configured to be able to perform wireless communication with the communication unit 220 of the power transmission apparatus 201. . Through this wireless communication, various types of information used for power transmission control for transmitting power from the power transmitting apparatus 201 to the power receiving apparatus 100 in a contactless manner are transmitted and received. Further, a pairing process (described later) between the vehicle 10 and the power transmission device 201 is performed using the wireless communication.

  The battery 20 includes, for example, a nickel hydride secondary battery or a lithium ion secondary battery (not shown), and stores the power received by the power receiving unit 110. In the vehicle 10, the driving force of the vehicle 10 is generated by driving a motor (not shown) using the electric power stored in the battery 20.

  The vehicle speed sensor 30 detects the speed (vehicle speed) V of the vehicle 10. The acceleration sensor 40 detects the acceleration G of the vehicle 10. The air pressure sensor 50 detects the air pressure P of the tire of the vehicle 10. Each sensor outputs the detection result to the ECU 60.

  The ECU 60 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory (not shown), and based on information stored in the memory and information from each sensor (the vehicle speed sensor 30, the acceleration sensor 40, and the like) Power receiving unit 110 and communication unit 120).

  The power transmission unit 210 includes a power transmission coil (not shown). The power transmission coil forms a magnetic field by receiving transmission power generated based on the AC power of the system power supply 300, and transmits power to the power reception coil (not shown) of the power receiving unit 110 in a non-contact manner through the formed magnetic field. To do. Note that the number of turns of the conducting wire in the power transmission coil is appropriately designed so that the Q value (for example, Q ≧ 100) and the coupling coefficient κ are increased.

  Similar to communication unit 120 of power receiving apparatus 100, communication unit 220 includes a communication module compliant with a wireless LAN standard such as IEEE 802.11, and is configured to be able to perform wireless communication with communication unit 120 of power receiving apparatus 100. Is done.

  The camera 230 includes, for example, an imaging element (not shown) such as a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor or a charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensor. The camera 230 captures a foreign object (for example, a metal piece or an animal that should not be present during power transmission) between the power transmission unit 210 and the power reception unit 110 in accordance with control by the control unit 240. However, the camera 230 is not an essential component of the present invention.

  The control unit 240 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a memory (not shown), and each device (power transmission unit) of the power transmission apparatus 201 based on information stored in the memory and information from each sensor (not shown). 210, communication unit 220, camera 230, and the like). In addition, the control part 240 may be provided in the charging stand 2 (refer FIG. 1).

  The pressure sensor 301 </ b> A detects that the vehicle 10 has come into contact with the car stop 301. When the vehicle 10 comes into contact with the car stop 301, the control unit (not shown) of the car stop 301 sends a contact signal Sc indicating that the vehicle 10 has come into contact with the car stop 301 via the communication unit (not shown). To 220. The contact signal Sc may be transmitted by wireless communication or wired communication.

<Pairing process>
In the non-contact power transmission system 1 configured as described above, as described above, in a state where wireless communication between the vehicle 10 (the power receiving device 100) and the power transmission device 201 is established, the power transmission device 201 and the vehicle 10 It is determined whether or not the vehicle 10 is parked at a position suitable for non-contact power transmission to the vehicle (that is, an appropriate position above the power transmission device 201). Then, when the vehicle 10 is parked at an appropriate position, a process of specifying that the power transmission target vehicle is the vehicle 10 is performed. This process is also referred to as “pairing process” between the vehicle 10 and the power transmission apparatus 201. After completion of the pairing process, power transmission control from the power transmission device 201 to the vehicle 10 is executed.

  Here, the range in which wireless communication by the power transmission apparatus 201 (communication unit 220) is possible is wide to some extent as shown by the broken line in FIG. Therefore, wireless communication is established with other vehicles traveling around the parking space P1, or between vehicles parked in the other parking spaces P2 and P3 (for example, the vehicle 10A indicated by a broken line in FIG. 1). There is a possibility that wireless communication will be established. Therefore, it is required to perform pairing processing between the power transmission device 201 and the vehicle 10 parked at an appropriate position above the power transmission device 201.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, a signal from the vehicle 10 indicating that the vehicle 10 being parked has come into contact with the car stop 301 and stopped, and a signal from the car stop 301 indicating that the vehicle 10 has contacted the car stop 301. A configuration in which pairing processing is performed using (contact signal Sc) is employed.

  More specifically, the vehicle speed V and the acceleration G are positive or negative values during the parking operation (running) of the vehicle 10, but change to 0 when the vehicle 10 stops. Further, when the tire of the vehicle 10 comes into contact with the vehicle stop 301, the tire air pressure P becomes higher than when the tire does not contact the vehicle stop 301. Therefore, when the power transmission device 201 receives a contact signal Sc indicating that the vehicle 10 has contacted the vehicle stop 301 from the pressure sensor 301A of the vehicle stop 301, the vehicle speed V, acceleration G, or air pressure P (vehicle state quantity) of the vehicle 10 changes. In this case, the pairing process is performed on the assumption that the vehicle 10 is in contact with the car stop 301 and parked at an appropriate position above the power transmission apparatus 201.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the pairing process in the first embodiment. The flowchart shown in FIG. 3 is called from the main routine and executed every predetermined period or whenever a predetermined condition is satisfied. In addition, each step (abbreviated as S) included in these flowcharts is basically realized by software processing by the ECU 60 of the vehicle 10 or the control unit 240 of the power transmission device 201, but part or all of the steps are implemented by the ECU 60. Alternatively, it may be realized by hardware (electronic circuit) manufactured in the control unit 240.

  In FIG. 3, a series of processes executed by the ECU 60 of the vehicle 10 is shown on the left side, a series of processes executed by the control unit 240 of the power transmission apparatus 201 is shown in the center, and a control unit (not shown) of the vehicle stop 301 is shown. ) Shows a series of processing executed on the right side. It is assumed that wireless communication is established between the power transmission apparatus 201 and the vehicle 10 at the start of a series of processes shown in each flowchart.

  3 illustrates an example in which the vehicle speed V is used as the “vehicle state quantity” according to the present invention, the acceleration G or the tire pressure P may be used instead of or in addition to the vehicle speed V. . That is, at least one of the vehicle speed V, acceleration G, and air pressure P may be used.

  In S <b> 11, the ECU 60 of the vehicle 10 transmits the vehicle speed V to the power transmission device 201 via the communication unit 120. The vehicle speed V is positive (in the case of forward parking) or negative (in the case of reverse parking) during the parking operation of the vehicle 10, but changes to 0 when the vehicle 10 stops.

  In S31, the car stop 301 (the control unit thereof) detects whether or not the vehicle 10 has come into contact with the car stop 301 by the pressure sensor 301A. When vehicle 10 contacts car stop 301 (YES in S31), car stop 301 transmits contact signal Sc to power transmission device 201. When vehicle 10 is not in contact with vehicle stop 301 (NO in S31), vehicle stop 301 returns the process to the main routine without transmitting contact signal Sc.

  In S <b> 21, the control unit 240 of the power transmission device 201 determines whether or not the contact signal Sc is received from the vehicle stop 301. When contact signal Sc is not received (NO in S21), control unit 240 skips the following process and returns the process to the main routine.

  When the contact signal Sc is received (YES in S21), the control unit 240 further determines whether or not the vehicle speed V received from the vehicle 10 at the time of receiving the contact signal Sc has changed (S22). When the vehicle speed V changes before and after receiving the contact signal Sc, that is, when the vehicle speed V changes from a positive or negative state (the absolute value of the vehicle speed V is positive) to 0 (YES in S22). The control unit 240 specifies that the vehicle to be transmitted is the vehicle 10. Furthermore, the control unit 240 notifies the vehicle 10 via the communication unit 220 that the vehicle 10 is parked at an appropriate position above the power transmission device 201 (S23). And the control part 240 completes the pairing process by the side of the power transmission apparatus 201 (S24).

  In step S <b> 12, the ECU 60 of the vehicle 10 determines whether a notification from the power transmission device 201 has been received. When the notification is received (YES in S12), the ECU 60 completes the pairing process on the vehicle 10 side (S13).

  Note that, when the vehicle speed V has not changed from the positive or negative state to 0 (NO in S22) even though the contact signal Sc is received, the control unit 240 indicates that the vehicle 10 is at an appropriate position above the power transmission device 201. The process returns to the main routine without notifying the vehicle 10 that the vehicle is not parked. When the notification from power transmission device 201 is not received (NO in S12), ECU 60 returns the process to the main routine without completing the pairing process. Thereby, a series of processing is repeated every predetermined period or whenever a predetermined condition is satisfied, and the vehicle speed V is transmitted from the vehicle 10 to the power transmission device 201 (S11).

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, a change in the vehicle state quantity (vehicle speed V, acceleration G or air pressure P) indicating that the vehicle 10 in the parking operation has come into contact with the vehicle stop 301 and stopped, and the vehicle 10 The pairing process is performed using the contact signal Sc from the vehicle stop 301 indicating that the vehicle has touched the vehicle stop 301.

  It is also conceivable to perform the pairing process using only the contact signal Sc without using the change in the vehicle state quantity. However, in this case, the vehicle 10 is not parked above the power transmission device 201 due to the impact caused by other than the contact of the vehicle 10 being applied to the car stop 301 (for example, an action such as someone kicking the car stop 301). Nevertheless, the pairing process may be performed. According to the present embodiment, by using both the change in the vehicle state quantity and the contact signal Sc, it can be ensured that the vehicle 10 is in contact with the car stop 301 and is parked at an appropriate position. An erroneous pairing process (an illegal pairing process) caused by an action can be prevented. Therefore, the pairing process can be appropriately performed between the power transmission device 201 and the vehicle 10 parked at an appropriate position corresponding to the power transmission device 201.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and is intended to include meanings equivalent to the scope of claims for patent and all modifications within the scope.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Contactless power transmission system, 10 Vehicle, 20 Battery, 30 Vehicle speed sensor, 40 Acceleration sensor, 50 Air pressure sensor, 100 Power receiving apparatus, 110 Power receiving part, 120,220 Communication part, 201-203 Power transmission apparatus, 210 Power transmission part, 230 Camera , 240 control unit, 300 system power supply, 301-303 car stop, 301A pressure sensor, P1-P3 parking space.

Claims (1)

A power receiving device mounted on the vehicle;
After performing a pairing process with the vehicle, a power transmission device that transmits power to the power reception device in a contactless manner;
A vehicle stop that transmits a contact signal indicating that the vehicle is in contact to the power transmission device;
The vehicle transmits a vehicle state quantity that changes when the vehicle contacts the vehicle stop to the power transmission device by wireless communication,
The non-contact power transmission system, wherein the power transmission device performs pairing processing with the vehicle when the vehicle state quantity received from the vehicle changes when the contact signal is received from the vehicle stop.

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