JP6459582B2 - Light energy conversion storage system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to optical energy conversion storage system.

  As a device or an element for creating energy using sunlight, a solar cell, an artificial light synthesizing element disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, or the like has been proposed. These devices and elements acquire energy by photoelectric conversion and use the acquired energy at the same time, and do not have a function of storing the acquired energy.

  Therefore, in order to store the energy acquired by photoelectric conversion and use it later, it is necessary to provide a storage unit for storing energy by a storage battery or the like separately from the conversion unit for acquiring energy by these devices or elements. is there.

  In addition, since renewable energy sources such as sunlight have large fluctuations in the amount of energy supplied, it is necessary to similarly provide a storage unit in order to stably use energy obtained by photoelectric conversion.

JP 2008-166697 A

  However, there is a problem in that the system is increased in size and the manufacturing cost of the system is increased by separately providing a conversion unit having a solar cell, an artificial photosynthetic element, and the like and a storage unit having a storage battery or the like.

  An object of this invention is to provide the light energy conversion storage system reduced in size in view of the said point.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a conversion storage unit (1) divided into two parts by a first transmission unit (11) having electron transfer properties and proton transfer properties, A dye (12) that is formed inside one of the two storage units and that excites electrons when irradiated with light to move to the first transfer unit, and a conversion storage unit. The divided dye is packed on the side on which the dye is formed, and is packed in the other of the two divided into an electron donor (21) that moves electrons between the dye and the conversion storage unit, An electron acceptor (31) that moves electrons to and from one transmission unit, and divides the inside of the conversion storage unit into two parts of the first transmission unit by irradiating light to the dye. to move the electrons from the electron donor to the electron acceptor over the portion where the dye is formed Characterized by storing energy by.

  According to this, the excited electrons generated by the light irradiation to the dye move through the first transmission unit to the electron acceptor side of the conversion storage unit, energy is stored, and the electrons on the electron acceptor side are transferred to the first transfer unit. Energy is used by moving through the unit to the electron donor side of the conversion store. Therefore, light energy can be converted and stored in a small system in which the energy conversion unit and the storage unit are integrated.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the first transmission section includes a first storage film (13) having an electron storage capability.

  According to this, since the first storage film has the ability to store electrons, the first transmission unit can quickly capture and release electrons as necessary. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the time lag related to the movement of electrons and to smoothly and smoothly advance the photooxidation reduction reaction, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.

  In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each said means shows an example of a corresponding relationship with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later.

It is a block diagram of the optical energy conversion storage system in 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the optical energy conversion storage system in 1st Embodiment. It is a gel permeation chromatogram of a polymer of an anthraquinone derivative. It is a NMR measurement result of the polymer of an anthraquinone derivative. It is a block diagram of the optical energy conversion storage system in 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the optical energy conversion storage system in 3rd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the optical energy conversion storage system in 4th Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the modification of 4th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, parts that are the same or equivalent to each other will be described with the same reference numerals.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment can be used for driving a motor using, for example, sunlight as an energy source, but the light energy conversion storage system can also be used for other applications.

  First, the structure of the optical energy conversion storage system of this embodiment is demonstrated using FIG. The light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment includes a conversion storage unit 1, a D flow unit 2, and an A flow unit 3.

  The conversion storage unit 1 is a container that acquires and stores energy by photoelectric conversion, and includes a first transmission unit 11 and a dye 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the conversion storage unit 1 is divided into two parts by a first transmission unit 11, one of the divided two being a D flow part 2 and the other being an A flow part 3. It is connected. Details of the first transmission unit 11 will be described later.

  The pigment 12 is applied to the surface of the first transmission unit 11 on the D fluidic part 2 side. The dye 12 excites electrons contained therein when irradiated with sunlight. Such a dye 12 is made of porphyrin, for example. Among the containers constituting the conversion storage unit 1, the D fluidization unit 2 side is formed of a material that transmits sunlight in order to irradiate the pigment 12 with sunlight.

  The D fluidizing part 2 causes the electron donor 21 filled in the D fluidizing part 2 side of the conversion storage part 1 to flow for the purpose of promoting waste heat transport, cooling effect, and redox reaction described later. A pump 22, a D storage unit 23, and a pipe 24.

  The electron donor (D: donor) 21 donates electrons to the dye 12 when energy is stored. The electron donor 21 is composed of, for example, a sodium bromide aqueous solution, a potassium ferrocyanide aqueous solution, a hydrogen bromide aqueous solution, or the like.

  The pump 22 is for causing the electron donor 21 to flow in the D flow section 2 side, the D storage section 23 and the pipe 24 of the conversion storage section 1.

  The D storage unit 23 is a container that stores an electron donor 21 that has donated electrons to the dye 12 in energy storage, and as the volume of the D storage unit 23 increases, the amount of energy that can be stored by the light energy conversion storage system increases. To increase. The D storage unit 23 corresponds to the electron donor storage unit of the present invention.

  The piping 24 connects the pump 22 and the D storage unit 23 in series to the conversion storage unit 1, the D flow unit 2 side of the conversion storage unit 1, the pump 22, the D storage unit 23, and the D flow unit 2 of the conversion storage unit 1. A flow path for circulating the electron donor 21 is formed in the order of the side or the reverse order. The electron donor 21 is filled in the D storage unit 1 side of the conversion storage unit 1 and the D storage unit 23 and the pipe 24 in the D flow unit 2, and is flowing by the pump 22.

  The A fluidizing section 3 is for fluidizing the electron acceptor 31 filled in the A fluidizing section 3 side of the conversion storage section 1 in order to promote the oxidation-reduction reaction. The pump 32, the A storage section 33, A pipe 34 is provided.

  The electron acceptor (A: acceptor) 31 is the first when the electrons excited by the dye 12 move to the A fluidization part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1 through the first transmission part 11 during energy storage. It accepts electrons from the transmission unit 11. The electron acceptor 31 is composed of, for example, an anthraquinone disulfonic acid disodium aqueous solution.

  The pump 32 is for causing the electron acceptor 31 to flow in the A flow section 3 side, the A storage section 33 and the pipe 34 of the conversion storage section 1.

  The A storage unit 33 is a container that stores the electron acceptor 31 that has received electrons. As the volume of the A storage unit 33 increases, the amount of energy that can be stored by the light energy conversion storage system increases. The A storage unit 33 corresponds to the electron acceptor storage unit of the present invention.

  The piping 34 connects the pump 32 and the A storage unit 33 in series to the conversion storage unit 1, the A flow unit 3 side of the conversion storage unit 1, the pump 32, the A storage unit 33, and the A flow unit 3 of the conversion storage unit 1. A flow path for circulating the electron acceptor 31 is formed in the order of the side or in the reverse order. The electron acceptor 31 is filled in the inside of the conversion storage unit 1 on the side of the A fluidization part 3 and the inside of the A fluidization part 3 and in the A storage part 33 and the pipe 34, and is flowing by the pump 32.

  The detail of the 1st transmission part 11 is demonstrated. The first transmission unit 11 includes a first storage membrane 13, a proton transmission membrane 14 a, a load circuit 15, and a switch 16.

  The first storage film 13 is a film having an electron transfer property and an electron storage capability, and the dye 12 is applied to the surface of the first storage film 13 on the D fluidic part 2 side. The electron storage ability is a property of capturing many electrons and retaining them inside.

  The first storage film 13 is composed of a polymer of an anthraquinone derivative, for example, a polymer having the structure shown in Chemical Formula 1, and is composed of a copolymer having 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone and butyl acrylate as monomers. A method for producing a copolymer comprising 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone and butyl acrylate as monomers will be described later.

  The proton transfer membrane 14a is a membrane having proton transfer properties, and in the storage and use of energy, when the electrons move between the D flow portion 2 side and the A flow portion 3 side of the conversion storage portion 1, the charge balance In order to remove the protons, the protons are moved back and forth between the D fluidization part 2 side and the A fluidization part 3 side. The proton transfer membrane 14a is made of Nafion, for example.

  The load circuit 15 is a circuit connected to an external load 4 such as a motor, and moves electrons through the external load 4 when the stored energy is used as electric power. By turning on the switch 16, the D flow unit 2 side and the A flow unit 3 side of the conversion storage unit 1 are electrically connected by the load circuit 15.

  Next, the operation of the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the operation | movement at the time of storage of energy is demonstrated using FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the switch 16 is turned off when storing energy.

  When the dye 12 is irradiated with light, electrons in the dye 12 are excited and move to the first storage film 13. Further, when the electrons are lost from the dye 12, the electrons move from the electron donor 21 to the dye 12, and the electrons lost by the dye 12 are compensated. Excited electrons move through the first storage film 13 to the A fluidization part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1, and the electron acceptor 31 accepts the electrons.

  Also, protons in the electron donor 21 move through the proton transfer membrane 14 a to the A fluidizing part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1, and the charge is balanced in the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31.

  The electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 are respectively flowed by the pumps 22 and 32, and the electron donor 21 that has donated electrons is stored in the D storage unit 23. The electron acceptor 31 that has received the electrons is stored in the A storage unit 33.

  In this way, electrons move from the electron donor 21 to the electron acceptor 31, and energy is stored. If the operation at the time of energy storage described above is expressed by a chemical formula, the chemical formula 2 is obtained. In the following chemical formula, D represents the electron donor 21, and A represents the electron acceptor 31.

  Next, the operation when using energy will be described with reference to FIG. When light irradiated to the pigment 12 is blocked by a shutter or the like (not shown) and the switch 16 is turned on as shown in FIG. 2, the use of energy is started.

  The electrons of the electron acceptor 31 move to the D flow part 2 side of the conversion storage part 1 through the load circuit 15. In addition, protons in the electron acceptor 31 move to the D flow part 2 side of the conversion storage part 1 through the proton transfer membrane 14a, and the charge is balanced in the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31.

  The electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 are respectively flowed by the pumps 22 and 32, and the electron donor 21 that has received the electrons is stored in the D storage unit 23. In addition, the electron acceptor 31 that has emitted electrons is stored in the A storage unit 33.

  Since the external load 4 is connected to the load circuit 15, electrons move through the load circuit 15, that is, current flows through the load circuit 15, and power is supplied to the external load 4 such as a motor, thereby saving energy. used.

  If the operation at the time of using the energy described above is expressed by a chemical formula, the chemical formula 3 is obtained.

  The optical energy conversion storage system of this embodiment performs conversion and storage of optical energy by the above operation.

  Finally, the effect of the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment will be described.

  Conventional devices and elements that create energy using sunlight, such as solar cells and artificial photosynthetic elements, acquire energy through photoelectric conversion, and at the same time use the acquired energy and store the acquired energy It does not have a function to do.

  Therefore, in order to store the energy acquired by photoelectric conversion and use it later, it is necessary to provide a storage unit for storing energy by a storage battery or the like separately from the conversion unit for acquiring energy by these devices or elements. is there. This increases the size of the system and increases the manufacturing cost of the system.

  On the other hand, in the optical energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, since the acquisition and storage of energy by photoelectric conversion can be performed by one conversion storage unit 1, it is not necessary to provide the conversion unit and the storage unit separately. Therefore, the system can be downsized and the manufacturing cost and the like can be reduced.

  In the light energy conversion storage system of the present embodiment, the electron donor 21 is caused to flow on the D flow portion 2 side of the D flow portion 2 and the conversion storage portion 1 by the pump 22. Alternatively, the electron acceptor 31 is caused to flow by the pump 32 on the A flow portion 3 side of the A flow portion 3 and the conversion storage portion 1. Therefore, by disposing the pipe 24 or the pipe 34 in the vicinity of an external engine or the like, waste heat transport in which heat of the engine or the like is removed by the electron donor 21 or the electron acceptor 31 is possible.

  In addition, when storing energy, the excited electrons may be deactivated without generating a change in the chemical formula 2 and generate heat. In the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, the electron donor 21 is circulated by the pump 22. Therefore, a cooling effect can be expected against such heat generation.

  Further, in the light energy conversion storage system of the present embodiment, the electron donor 21 is circulated on the D flow part 2 side of the D flow part 2 and the conversion storage part 1 by the pump 22, and the A flow part 3 is connected by the pump 32. The electron acceptor 31 is circulated on the side of the A storage section 3 of the conversion storage section 1. Therefore, the circulation of the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 can promote the oxidation-reduction reaction in the conversion storage unit 1 and improve the efficiency of the system.

  In addition, in the case of a system composed of conventional devices, for example, a system using a redox flow battery as a storage part of energy obtained by a solar battery, the movement of electrons through the solar battery and the oxidation in the redox flow battery There is a time lag due to the movement of electrons accompanying the reduction reaction. Therefore, the efficiency of the redox reaction in the redox flow battery is reduced, and the efficiency of the system is accordingly reduced.

  On the other hand, in the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, the 1st storage film 13 with which the 1st transmission part 11 is provided is comprised with the polymer of the anthraquinone derivative which has an electron storage capability. As a result, electrons can be quickly captured and emitted in the first transmission unit 11 as necessary. For example, when storing energy, the excited electrons are captured before returning to the ground state, and the A of the conversion storage unit 1 is stored. It can be moved to the flow section 3 side. In this way, the time lag related to the movement of electrons can be eliminated, the photooxidation reduction reaction can be efficiently and smoothly advanced, and the efficiency of the system can be further improved.

  In addition, in a storage battery such as a lithium ion battery, since the material constituting the electrode repeatedly dissolves and precipitates during charge and discharge, the electrode tends to deteriorate.

  In contrast, in the light energy conversion storage system of the present embodiment, in energy storage, electrons and protons are not dissolved or precipitated from the D storage part 1 side of the conversion storage part 1 to the A fluidization part 3 side. Moving. Therefore, electrode deterioration can be suppressed.

  In the use of energy, it is desirable that the conductivity of the load circuit 15 is larger than that of the first storage film 13 so that more electrons pass through the load circuit 15 than the first storage film 13. Alternatively, the oxidation-reduction potential of the first storage film 13 decreases from the A fluid part 3 side to the D fluid part 2 side, so that electrons are transferred from the electron acceptor 31 to the dye 12 of the first storage film 13. It is desirable to suppress movement to the side. For example, the first storage film 13 is formed by forming a plurality of layers having different oxidation-reduction potentials from a polymer of an anthraquinone derivative having a functional group or the like to change the oxidation-reduction potential and laminating them. Thus, the oxidation-reduction potential of the first storage film 13 can be set as described above.

(Method for producing polymer of anthraquinone derivative)
A method for producing a copolymer of 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone and butyl acrylate as monomers among the polymers of anthraquinone derivatives will be described. The inventor produced a copolymer having 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone and butyl acrylate as monomers by the following method.

  First, 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone represented by the compound (2) of the chemical formula 4 was synthesized according to the method shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-6067, as represented by the chemical formula 4.

  1.12 g (5 mmol) of 2-hydroxyanthraquinone was dissolved in 100 mL of toluene, 1.72 mL (12 mmol) of triethylamine was added, and the mixture was ice-cooled under a nitrogen stream. While stirring this solution, a solution of acryloyl chloride 0.45 mL (5.5 mmol) in toluene (10 mL) was added dropwise over 50 minutes. The mixture was stirred for 3.5 hours while gradually returning to room temperature. 100 mL of water was added, transferred to a separatory funnel, and after mixing, the organic phase was separated. The organic phase was washed with 5% aqueous potassium hydrogen sulfate solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the purple insoluble material was filtered off with sodium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off with a rotary evaporator, and the resulting green-brown solid was washed with a small amount of methanol to obtain the compound (2) represented by Chemical Formula 4 as a green-yellow solid. Yield was 1.23 g (4.4 mmol, 88%).

  Next, as shown in Chemical Formula 5, a 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone / butyl acrylate copolymer represented by Compound (3) of Chemical Formula 5 was synthesized.

  Compound (2) 139 mg (0.5 mmol), butyl acrylate 0.142 mL (1.0 mmol), and 1,2-dichloroethane 1 mL were mixed. To this was added an appropriate amount of AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile, the amount charged is described in Table 1), and the mixture was heated at 90 ° C. for 2 hours. The compound (2) remained undissolved at first, but became a homogeneous solution when it was heated to about 40 ° C. After standing to cool, the solvent was distilled off with a rotary evaporator, 5 mL of methanol was added, and the supernatant was removed with a pipette. The operation of adding methanol and removing the supernatant was repeated three times, and then the residue was vacuum-dried at room temperature for 3 hours (1 mmHg).

  Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis of the product thus obtained was performed.

  Chromatographic analysis was performed using a Tosoh GPC column (SuperHM-H, SuperHM-M, SuperH3000, guard column SuperH-H) at 40 ° C. and flowing chloroform as a mobile phase at 0.6 mL / min. As an analytical sample, 0.1 mL of about 1 mg dissolved in 1 mL of chloroform was used. A refractive index detector was used to detect the eluate.

  The following product was obtained: Table 1 shows the amount of AIBN charged and the properties and yield of the obtained polymer.

  The results of GPC analysis are shown in FIG. Most of the product with AIBN = 6.0 μmol was recovered from compound (2), and a part of butyl acrylate polymerized alone was mixed. The products with AIBN = 15 μmol, 61 μmol, and 150 μmol each contained a polymer in which quinone was polymerized. As the amount of AIBN increased, the amount of residual monomer decreased, and was hardly detected at AIBN = 150 μmol. On the other hand, it was found that the molecular weight distribution of the quinone-containing polymer becomes wider as the amount of AIBN increases.

  The result of NMR measurement is shown in FIG. The signal in the region R1 in FIG. 4 is a peak derived from anthraquinone, and since a wide signal appears, it is considered that an anthraquinone polymer is formed. Further, the signal in the region R2 is a peak derived from butyl acrylate, and since a wide signal appears, it can be said that polybutyl acrylate is generated. As a result of R1 and R2, it is considered that at least a copolymer is present.

(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment adds the use part 5 with respect to 1st Embodiment, changes the structure of D flow part 2, A flow part 3, and the 1st transmission part 11, and is 1st Embodiment regarding others. Therefore, the description is omitted here. The light energy conversion storage system of the present embodiment can be applied and applied to, for example, air conditioning related products for automobiles and warming up of each system at engine startup.

  First, the structure of the optical energy conversion storage system of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  The light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment has the same basic configuration as that of the first embodiment, but a use section 5 is added as shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the conversion storage unit 1 only stores energy by photoelectric conversion, and the use of energy is performed in the use unit 5.

  The use unit 5 is a container that generates heat using stored energy, and includes a second transmission unit 51. The use part 5 is divided into two parts by the second transmission part 51, one of which is connected to the D fluid part 2 and the other to the A fluid part 3.

  The second transmission unit 51 includes a second storage membrane 52 and a proton transmission membrane 53a. The second storage film 52 is a film having electron transfer properties and electron storage ability, and is made of the same material as the first storage film 13.

  The proton transfer membrane 53a is a membrane having proton transfer properties, and in order to balance the charge when electrons move from the A flow portion 3 side to the D flow portion 2 side of the use portion 5 in the use of energy. This is for moving protons from the A fluidizing part 3 side to the D fluidizing part 2 side. The proton transfer membrane 53a is made of, for example, Nafion.

  In the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the D flow section 2 includes two pumps 22a and 22b. A first valve 25 is provided in a pipe 24 a that connects the D storage unit 23 and the pump 22 a, and the D storage unit 23 and the conversion storage unit 1. A second valve 26 is provided in the pipe 24b connecting the D storage unit 23 and the pump 22b, and the D storage unit 23 and the use unit 5.

  When energy is stored, the first valve 25 is opened and the second valve 26 is closed. Thereby, the flow path which circulates the electron donor 21 in the order of the D flow part 2 side of the conversion storage part 1, the pump 22a, the D storage part 23, the D flow part 2 side of the conversion storage part 1, or the reverse order. It is formed.

  When energy is used, the first valve 25 is closed and the second valve 26 is opened. Thereby, the flow path for circulating the electron donor 21 in the order of the D flow part 2 side of the use part 5, the pump 22b, the D storage part 23, the D flow part 2 side of the use part 5 or the reverse order is formed. The

  Similarly, the A fluidizing section 3 includes two pumps 32a and 32b. A first valve 35 is provided in the pipe 34 a that connects the A storage unit 33 and the pump 32 a and the A storage unit 33 and the conversion storage unit 1. A second valve 36 is provided in the piping 34 b connecting the A storage unit 33 and the pump 32 b and the A storage unit 33 and the use unit 5.

  When energy is stored, the first valve 35 is opened and the second valve 36 is closed. Thereby, the flow path which circulates the electron acceptor 31 in the order of the A flow part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1, the pump 32a, the A storage part 33, the A flow part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1 or the reverse order. It is formed.

  When energy is used, the first valve 35 is closed and the second valve 36 is opened. Thereby, the flow path which circulates the electron acceptor 31 in the order of the A flow part 3 side of the use part 5, the pump 32b, the A storage part 33, the A flow part 3 side of the use part 5 or the reverse order is formed. The

  The electron donor 21 fills the inside of the conversion storage unit 1 on the D flow unit 2 side, the D flow unit 2 in the D storage unit 23, the pipes 24a and 24b, and the use unit 5 on the D flow unit 2 side. Then, the flow path formed by the state of the first valve 25 and the second valve 26 is moved by the pumps 22a and 22b.

  The electron acceptor 31 fills the inside of the conversion storage unit 1 on the A fluidization part 3 side, the A fluidization part 3, the A storage part 33, the pipes 34 a and 34 b, and the use part 5 on the A fluidization part 3 side. The flow path formed by the state of the first valve 35 and the second valve 36 is moved by the pumps 32a and 32b.

  The first valves 25 and 35 and the second valves 26 and 36 correspond to connection switching means of the present invention.

  Next, the operation of the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment will be described. First, the operation | movement at the time of storage of energy is demonstrated using Fig.5 (a). At the time of energy storage, as shown in FIG. 5A, the first valves 25 and 35 are opened, the second valves 26 and 36 are closed, and the flow including the conversion storage unit 1 among the above-mentioned flow paths. A path is formed.

  At the time of energy storage, similarly to the first embodiment, excited electrons generated by irradiating the dye 12 with light move through the first storage film 13 to the A fluidizing part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1. In addition, electrons move from the electron donor 21 to the dye 12, and the electrons lost by the dye 12 are compensated.

  Also, protons in the electron donor 21 move through the proton transfer membrane 14 a to the A fluidizing part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1, and the charge is balanced in the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31.

  The electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 are respectively flowed by the pumps 22 a and 32 a, and the electron donor 21 that has donated electrons is stored in the D storage unit 23. The electron acceptor 31 that has received the electrons is stored in the A storage unit 33.

  Thus, also in this embodiment, the reaction represented by Chemical Formula 2 occurs and energy is stored.

  Next, an operation at the time of using energy will be described with reference to FIG. When energy is used, as shown in FIG. 5B, the first valves 25 and 35 are closed, the second valves 26 and 36 are opened, and the flow path including the use portion 5 among the flow paths described above. Is formed. Then, an electron donor 21 that donates electrons to the dye 12 during energy storage and an electron acceptor 31 that accepts electrons from the first storage film 13 are newly formed from the D storage unit 23 and the A storage unit 33, respectively. Flow into the flow path.

  The electrons of the electron acceptor 31 move through the second storage film 52 to the electron donor 21 filled on the D flow part 2 side of the use part 5. In addition, protons in the electron acceptor 31 move to the D flow part 2 side of the use part 5 through the proton transfer membrane 53a, and charge balance is taken in the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31.

  The electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 are flowed by the pumps 22 b and 32 b, respectively. The electron donor 21 that has received the electrons is stored in the D storage unit 23. In addition, the electron acceptor 31 that has emitted electrons is stored in the A storage unit 33.

  In the present embodiment, heat is generated by the reaction represented by Chemical Formula 6, and energy is used by warming up using the heat.

  Finally, the effect of the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment will be described. Also in the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, the same effect as 1st Embodiment is acquired.

  Moreover, in the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, since the use part 5 is provided separately from the conversion storage part 1, energy can be used in the place away from the conversion storage part 1. FIG.

  When both the first valve 25 and 35 and the second valve 26 and 36 are opened, a flow path including the conversion storage unit 1 and the use unit 5 is formed. In this case, the electron donor 21 that has donated electrons in the conversion storage unit 1 and the electron acceptor 31 that has accepted the electrons flow to the use unit 5 without switching each valve, and in the use unit 5, the electron acceptor 31. The electrons move from to the electron donor 21 and energy is used. Thereby, energy can be stored and used simultaneously.

  Moreover, in the optical energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, the acquired energy is used as heat. Therefore, when waste heat is transported in the D fluidizing section 2 or the A fluidizing section 3, the efficiency of the system can be further improved by utilizing the heat obtained from an external engine or the like together with the heat generation in the chemical formula 6.

  The portion corresponding to the second storage film 52 in the second transfer portion 51 may be any member that has electron transfer properties and can separate the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31. Therefore, you may comprise the part corresponded to the 2nd storage film 52 among the 2nd transmission parts 51, for example with a metal.

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the first transmission unit 11 and the pigment 12 is changed with respect to the second embodiment, and the other aspects are the same as those of the second embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

  The basic structure of the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 6, the first transmission unit 11 includes a first storage film 13 and a proton transmission film. 14 a is not provided, but the first electrode 17, the second electrode 18, the proton transfer membrane 14 b, and the short circuit 19 are provided.

  The first electrode 17 and the second electrode 18 are electrodes having electron transfer properties and proton transfer properties, and are made of, for example, carbon paper. Each of the first electrode 17 and the second electrode 18 has a flat plate shape and is disposed to face each other, and the proton transfer membrane 14 b is sandwiched between the first electrode 17 and the second electrode 18. A first electrode 17 is disposed on the D flow portion 2 side with respect to the proton transfer membrane 14b, a second electrode 18 is disposed on the A flow portion 3 side, and a dye is disposed on the surface of the first electrode 17 opposite to the proton transfer membrane 14b. 12 is applied.

  In the present embodiment, the dye 12 is applied with a gap so that a part of the surface of the first electrode 17 is in contact with the electron donor 21. Here, the dye 12 is applied in the form of stripes parallel to the depth direction of the paper surface of FIG. 6, but the dye 12 may be applied in a grid pattern, or the opposite side of the first electrode 17 from the proton transfer membrane 14b. The surface may be applied to only one of the two surfaces with no gap.

  The proton transfer membrane 14b is a membrane having proton transfer properties, and here is made of the same material as the proton transfer membrane 14a of the first embodiment.

  Wiring is provided between the first electrode 17 and the second electrode 18, and a short circuit 19 is connected. The short circuit 19 moves electrons from the D flow part 2 side of the conversion storage part 1 to the A flow part 3 side in storing energy.

  In the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, when energy is stored, electrons pass through the first electrode 17, the short circuit 19, and the second electrode 18 and the A of the conversion storage unit 1. It moves to the flow part 3 side. Protons move to the A fluidizing part 3 side of the conversion storage part 1 through the first electrode 17, the proton transfer membrane 14 b and the second electrode 18.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 6B, when energy is used, electrons and protons travel along the same route as in the second embodiment, and energy is used as heat according to chemical formula 6. In addition, when the energy is stored and used, the operations of the D fluidizing section 2 and the A fluidizing section 3 are the same as those in the second embodiment.

  Also in the optical energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, the system can be downsized and the manufacturing cost and the like can be reduced as in the first embodiment. Waste heat transport is also possible. In addition, a cooling effect can be expected against heat generation due to deactivation of excited electrons. In addition, the circulation of the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 can promote the redox reaction in the conversion storage unit 1 and improve the efficiency of the system. In addition, due to the electron storage ability of the second storage film 52, the time lag related to the movement of electrons can be eliminated, the photooxidation reduction reaction can be efficiently and smoothly advanced, and the efficiency of the system can be further improved. Moreover, deterioration of the electrode can be suppressed.

  Further, as in the second embodiment, energy can be used at a place away from the conversion storage unit 1. Similarly to the second embodiment, by opening both the first valves 25 and 35 and the second valves 26 and 36, energy can be stored and used simultaneously. Further, when waste heat is transported in the D fluid part 2 or the A fluid part 3, the efficiency of the system can be further improved by utilizing the heat obtained from an external engine or the like together with the heat generated in the chemical formula 6.

  In the present embodiment, as in the second embodiment, a portion corresponding to the second storage film 52 in the second transmission unit 51 may be made of, for example, metal.

(Fourth embodiment)
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the second transmission unit 51 is changed with respect to the second embodiment, and the other aspects are the same as those of the second embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

  The basic configuration of the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, but the second transmission unit 51 does not include the second storage film 52 and the proton transmission film 53a, and the third electrode 54, a fourth electrode 55, a proton transfer membrane 53b, and a load circuit 56.

  The third electrode 54 and the fourth electrode 55 are electrodes having electron transfer properties and proton transfer properties, and are made of, for example, carbon paper. The third electrode 54 and the fourth electrode 55 are each in the form of a flat plate and are disposed to face each other, and the proton transfer membrane 53b is sandwiched between the third electrode 54 and the fourth electrode 55. A third electrode 54 is disposed on the D flow portion 2 side with respect to the proton transfer membrane 53b, and a fourth electrode 55 is disposed on the A flow portion 3 side. The proton transfer membrane 53b is a membrane having proton transfer properties, and is here made of the same material as the proton transfer membrane 53a of the second embodiment.

  Wiring is provided between the third electrode 54 and the fourth electrode 55, and a load circuit 56 is connected. The load circuit 56 is a circuit connected to an external load 4 such as a motor, and moves electrons through the external load 4 when the stored energy is used as electric power.

  At the time of energy storage in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, electrons and protons move along the same path as in the second embodiment. At the time of energy use, as shown in FIG. 7B, electrons move through the fourth electrode 55, the load circuit 56, and the third electrode 54 to the D flow part 2 side of the use part 5, and protons are the fourth. It moves to the D flow part 2 side through the electrode 55, the proton transfer membrane 53b, and the third electrode 54.

  Since the external load 4 is connected to the load circuit 56, electrons move through the load circuit 56, that is, a current flows through the load circuit 56, and power is supplied to the external load 4 such as a motor, so that energy is generated. used.

  In this way, as represented by Chemical Formula 3, electrons move from the electron acceptor 31 to the electron donor 21, and energy is used. In addition, when the energy is stored and used, the operations of the D fluidizing section 2 and the A fluidizing section 3 are the same as those in the second embodiment.

  Also in the light energy conversion storage system of this embodiment, the same effect as 1st Embodiment is acquired. Further, as in the second embodiment, energy can be used at a place away from the conversion storage unit 1. Similarly to the second embodiment, by opening both the first valves 25 and 35 and the second valves 26 and 36, energy can be stored and used simultaneously.

  In the present embodiment, the stored energy is used as electric power, but the second transmission unit 51 includes a short circuit that short-circuits the third electrode 54 and the fourth electrode 55 instead of the load circuit 56. Energy can also be used as heat by the reaction of Formula 6. In this case, as in the second embodiment, the efficiency of the system can be further improved by utilizing the heat obtained by waste heat transport together with the heat generation in Chemical Formula 6.

(Modification)
The modification shown in FIG. 8 changes the structure of the 1st transmission part 11 in this embodiment, and is set as the structure similar to the 1st transmission part 11 in 3rd Embodiment. In this modification, when energy is stored, electrons and protons travel along the same path as in the third embodiment. Further, when energy is used, electrons and protons move along the same route as in this embodiment, and energy is used as electric power.

  Also in this modified example, as in the first embodiment, the system can be downsized, and the manufacturing cost and the like can be reduced. Waste heat transport is also possible. In addition, a cooling effect can be expected against heat generation due to deactivation of excited electrons. In addition, the circulation of the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 can promote the redox reaction in the conversion storage unit 1 and improve the efficiency of the system. Moreover, deterioration of the electrode can be suppressed.

  Further, as in the second embodiment, energy can be used at a place away from the conversion storage unit 1. Similarly to the second embodiment, by opening both the first valves 25 and 35 and the second valves 26 and 36, energy can be stored and used simultaneously.

  In this modification as well, in the same manner as in the present embodiment, the second transmission unit 51 includes a short circuit that short-circuits the third electrode 54 and the fourth electrode 55 instead of the load circuit 56. Thus, energy can also be used as heat. In this case, as in the second embodiment, the efficiency of the system can be further improved by utilizing the heat obtained by waste heat transport together with the heat generation in Chemical Formula 6.

(Other embodiments)
In addition, this invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, In the range described in the claim, it can change suitably.

  For example, light other than sunlight may be irradiated to the pigment 12. Moreover, you may make the pigment | dye 12 adsorb | suck to the 1st transmission part 11 by methods other than application | coating. Further, the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31 may not be flowed by each pump. Further, as in the redox flow battery, a vanadium dilute sulfuric acid solution may be used for the electron donor 21 and the electron acceptor 31.

  Further, the above embodiments are not irrelevant to each other, and can be combined as appropriate unless the combination is clearly impossible.

  For example, the 1st transmission part 11 in the said 2nd-4th embodiment is good also as a structure similar to the 1st transmission part 11 in 1st Embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conversion storage part 11 1st transmission part 12 Dye 21 Electron donor 31 Electron acceptor

Claims (16)

A conversion storage unit (1) divided into two parts by a first transmission unit (11) having electron transfer properties and proton transfer properties;
A dye (12) formed inside one of the two of the conversion storage units, and excited to move electrons to the first transmission unit when irradiated with light;
An electron donor (21) that is charged on the side where the dye is formed out of the two parts of the conversion storage unit and moves electrons to and from the dye,
An electron acceptor (31) that is charged in the other of the two divided storage parts and moves electrons to and from the first transmission part,
A part of the first transfer part that divides the inside of the conversion storage part into two parts by irradiation of light to the dye, and the electron acceptor from the electron donor through the part on which the dye is formed A light energy conversion storage system characterized by storing energy by transferring electrons to the body.   The second transfer part (51) having electron transfer properties and proton transfer properties divides the interior into two parts, one of the two parts is filled with the electron donor, and the other is the electron acceptor. The side filled with the electron donor is connected to the side filled with the electron donor of the conversion storage unit, and the side filled with the electron acceptor is filled with the electron acceptor of the conversion storage unit The light energy conversion storage system according to claim 1, further comprising a use part (5) connected to the connected side. The light energy conversion storage system according to claim 2 , further comprising connection switching means (25, 26, 35, 36) for switching an open / close state of a connection path between the conversion storage unit and the use unit. The conversion storage unit is formed on a connection path between the side filled with the electron donor and the use part, and the connection switching means switches the open / close state of the connection path between the conversion storage part and the use part. An electron donor reservoir (23);
Formed on the connection path between the conversion storage section filled with the electron acceptor and the use section, and the connection switching means switches the open / close state of the connection path between the conversion storage section and the use section. An electron acceptor reservoir (33),
The electron donor moves between the inside of the electron donor storage part and the inside of the conversion storage part and the use part in which the connection path between the electron donor storage part is open,
The electron acceptor moves between the inside of the electron acceptor storage unit and the inside of the conversion storage unit and the use unit in which the connection path between the electron acceptor storage unit is open. The light energy conversion storage system according to claim 3 . The light energy conversion storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the first transmission unit includes a first storage film (13) having an electron storage capability. The first storage membrane is

The light energy conversion storage system according to claim 5 , comprising a polymer having a structure represented by 7. The light energy conversion storage system according to claim 6, wherein the polymer is a copolymer having 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone and butyl acrylate as monomers. A load circuit (15) in which the first transmission unit electrically connects the electron donor and the electron acceptor through an external circuit across the first storage film, and supplies electric power to the outside by passing the electrons The light energy conversion storage system according to any one of claims 5 to 7 , characterized by comprising: 9. The light according to claim 5 , further comprising a proton transfer membrane (14a) formed in parallel with the first storage membrane with respect to the electron donor and the electron acceptor. Energy conversion storage system. The first transmission unit includes a pair of electrodes including a first electrode (17) and a second electrode (18), a proton transmission membrane (14b) sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, and the pair of electrodes. A light energy conversion storage system according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , further comprising a short circuit (19) for short-circuiting to move electrons between the pair of electrodes. The light energy conversion storage system according to any one of claims 2 to 10 , wherein the second transmission unit includes a second storage film (52) having an electron storage capability. The second storage membrane is

The light energy conversion storage system according to claim 11 , comprising a polymer having a structure represented by The light energy conversion storage system according to claim 12, wherein the polymer is a copolymer having 2-acryloyloxyanthraquinone and butyl acrylate as monomers. 14. The light according to claim 11 , further comprising a proton transfer membrane (53 a) formed in parallel with the second storage membrane with respect to the electron donor and the electron acceptor. Energy conversion storage system. The second transmitter includes a third electrode (54), a fourth electrode (55), a proton transfer membrane (53b) sandwiched between the third and fourth electrodes, and the third and fourth electrodes. 11. The load circuit according to claim 2 , further comprising a load circuit that electrically connects the electrodes through an external circuit and supplies electric power to the outside by passing electrons. Light energy conversion storage system. The second transmitter includes a third electrode (54), a fourth electrode (55), a proton transfer membrane (53b) sandwiched between the third and fourth electrodes, and the third and fourth electrodes. The optical energy conversion storage system according to claim 2 , further comprising: a short circuit that short-circuits an electrode to move electrons between the third and fourth electrodes.

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