JP6450527B2 - Carburized material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a carburized material and a method for producing the same.

  Generally, a carburizing material such as coke or coal, which is a solid carbon material, is used as a heat generating material or a reducing material when melting cast iron or steel.

  On the other hand, in the prior art, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is known to use shredder dust as an alternative to a carburizing material such as coke or coal. Shredder dust (SR) is a general term for crushing waste that remains after crushing waste after removing useful parts that can be reused from used automobiles, home appliances, etc., and collecting valuable metals. . Shredder dust is a miscellaneous lightweight mixture mainly composed of organic matter (combustible matter) such as resin, fiber, urethane, and rubber, and also contains inorganic materials such as glass, earth and sand, and uncollected metals.

  In Patent Document 1, in a method of making steel by putting iron and a carbon source into a steelmaking electric furnace, the carbon source is pressed together with the iron scrap as the iron source, and the carbon source is confined in the iron scrap. The thing using carbon sources like carbon powder obtained by carrying out dry distillation processing of shredder dust as a carbon source is disclosed.

  In Patent Document 2, a shredder dust is mixed with a combustion rate control agent such as reduced slag, and is solidified by pressurization. By using this as a carburizing material, the combustion rate of the carburizing material can be easily adjusted. doing.

JP-A-9143533 JP 2007-125498 A

  The carburized materials described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 use the carbon content contained in the shredder dust as a carbon source. The carbon content is low, and the carbon content can be adjusted to a constant value. However, it is difficult to stabilize the carburizing quality on cast iron and steel.

The problem of the present invention is that when a mixture of carbon powder mixed with low specific gravity polymer dust recovered from shredder dust is used as a carburized material, the carbon content of the carburized material can be adjusted to a constant value, and the low specific gravity can be adjusted. The purpose is to improve the carburizing quality by naturally improving the uniform dispersibility of the carbon powder arranged in each part of the polymer dust .

In the invention according to claim 1, carbon powder is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust recovered from the shredder dust, and the mixture is heated to a temperature at which the low specific gravity polymer dust melts and molded and solidified. It is a carbon material , the low specific gravity polymer dust contains a porous material, the bulk specific gravity is 0.2 or less and has a large number of pores, the carbon powder is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust When coated on the surface, the low specific gravity polymer dust is dispersed and penetrates into each of a large number of pores .

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the mixture is obtained by mixing 15 to 30 parts by weight of carbon powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of low specific gravity polymer dust. is there.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the low specific gravity polymer dust is derived from automobile shredder dust.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the carbon powder is derived from an electrode material of a negative electrode of a lithium ion battery.

The invention according to claim 5 is the method for producing a carburized material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a porous material and having a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 or less by a mixer, and a large number of pores The carbon powder is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust having, and the carbon powder mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust and coated on the surface thereof is dispersed in each of a large number of pores of the low specific gravity polymer dust. A step of intruding and a step of solidifying the mixture by heating to a temperature at which the low specific gravity polymer dust melts by a compression solid machine.

(Claim 1)
(a) A mixture obtained by mixing carbon powder with low specific gravity polymer dust recovered from shredder dust is used as a carburized material. Therefore, carbon powder is used as the carbon source of the carburized material while using the carbon of the shredder dust itself, and the mixing amount of the carbon powder is easily delicately adjusted. It is easy to increase the content to a desired value and adjust the carbon content to a constant value.

  (b) The low specific gravity polymer dust recovered from the shredder dust has a high content of, for example, polymer foams such as urethane foam for automobile interior parts and porous materials such as nonwoven fabrics. Thus, when the carbon powder is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust and coated on the surface thereof, the carbon powder is dispersed and penetrates into each of a large number of pores of the low specific gravity polymer dust which is a porous material. Therefore, the uniform dispersibility of the carbon powder disposed in each part of the carburized material can be naturally improved.

  (c) The mixture of the above (a) and (b) is heated to a temperature at which the low specific gravity polymer dust is melted, molded and solidified to obtain a carburized material. For example, the low specific gravity polymer dust is softened by being heated to a melting temperature of, for example, 180 to 200 ° C., and the carbon powders (a) and (b) described above are stably and fixedly captured and held in each part of the low specific gravity polymer dust. To become.

(Claim 2)
(d) The mixture is obtained by mixing 15 to 30 parts by weight of carbon powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of low specific gravity polymer dust. The carbon content in 100 parts by weight of the low specific gravity polymer dust recovered from the shredder dust is empirically 55 parts by weight (carbon content 55%). Therefore, the carbon content of the carburized material obtained by mixing 15 to 30 parts by weight of carbon powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the low specific gravity polymer dust is increased to 60.8 to 65.3% and can be adjusted.

(Claim 3)
(e) The low specific gravity polymer dust is derived from automobile shredder dust (ASR). ASR has a high content of the polymer foam and the nonwoven fabric, and the uniform dispersibility of the carbon powder in the carburized material of the present invention is improved.

(Claim 4)
(f) Since the carbon powder is derived from the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the low specific gravity recovered from the SR using the high-purity carbon powder recovered from the used electrode material. Combined with the use of polymer dust, it can contribute to the promotion of recycling of waste such as used cars and home appliances.

(Claim 5)
(g) In the production of the carburized material, the above-mentioned mixture is reduced by a step of mixing carbon powder into a low specific gravity polymer dust containing a porous material and having a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 or less by a mixer, and a compression solid machine. It is possible to easily adjust the carbon content of the carburized material using shredder dust and to improve the carburizing quality. Can be planned.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a procedure for recovering low specific gravity polymer dust from shredder dust. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure for recovering the carbon powder from the lithium ion battery. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for producing a carburized material using low specific gravity polymer dust and carbon powder.

  Hereinafter, for one embodiment of the carburized material of the present invention and its production method, (A) a procedure for recovering low specific gravity polymer dust from shredder dust, (B) a procedure for recovering carbon powder from a lithium ion battery, (C ) A procedure for producing a carburized material using low specific gravity polymer dust and carbon powder will be described.

  In addition, although demonstrated as what uses automobile shredder dust (ASR) as shredder dust (SR), SR, such as household appliances, can also be utilized.

  In addition, the carbon powder (carbon powder, graphite powder) is described as being derived from the electrode material of the negative electrode of a lithium ion battery, but it is derived from the electrode material of a dry battery, brake material, oil seal, motor brush, etc. Things are also available.

(A) Procedure for recovering low specific gravity polymer dust from ASR (Figure 1)
(1) Crush the vehicle body from which the chlorofluorocarbon gas, etc. is removed from the scrapped vehicle, and use the crushed residue from which the metal is removed as the raw material dust.

  (2) The raw material dust obtained in the above (1) is first supplied to the first sieving device 11 and separated into over and under. In the present specification, the larger one is referred to as over and the smaller one is referred to as under with respect to the classification standard size of each sieving device.

  (3) Of those separated by the first sieving device 11, those over are removed through the magnetic separator 12 after removing the metal and metal deposits that do not match the object to be crushed and then put into the crusher 13 and crushed. The

  (4) The crushed material discharged from the crusher 13 is supplied to the second sieving device 15 after the iron dust is removed through the magnetic separator 14.

  (5) The raw materials supplied to the second sieving device 15 are separated into over and under materials.

  (6) Of those sorted by the second sieving device 15, those that are over are separated into the primary sorted weight ASR and the primary sorted light weight ASR through the first wind power sorting device 18.

  The primary fractionation weight ASR is a metal piece, a glass piece, a rubber piece, a hard plastic, or the like. The primary lightweight ASR is low specific gravity plastic (PP, low density PE), foamed plastic (foamed urethane), nonwoven fabric, or the like.

  (7) Of the materials sorted by the second sieving device 15, those that are under are supplied to the third sieving device 19 and further separated into over and under materials.

  (8) Of the items sorted by the third sieving device 19, the over items are supplied to the second wind power sorting device 20 and sorted into the secondary sorting weight ASR and the secondary sorting light weight ASR.

  The secondary fractionation weight ASR (high specific gravity ASR) is a hard plastic, a wire harness, or the like. Secondary fractionated lightweight ASR (low specific gravity ASR) is foamed plastic (foamed urethane), nonwoven fabric, and the like.

  (9) The secondary sorting weight ASR sorted by the second wind power sorting device 20 is separated and collected into iron scraps and other weight ASR through the magnetic sorting device 21.

  (10) Among the materials sorted by the first sieving device 11, the under items are collected to the second sieving device 17 after iron scraps are collected through the magnetic separator 16.

  (11) The raw material supplied to the second sieving device 17 is further separated into over and under materials.

  (12) Of those sorted by the second sieving device 17, those that are over are supplied to the second wind power sorting device 23 and sorted into the secondary sorted weight ASR and the secondary lightweight ASR.

  (13) The secondary sorted weight ASR sorted by the second wind power sorting device 23 is separated and collected into iron scraps and other weight ASR through the magnetic separator 24.

  (14) Both of the under-classified materials sorted by the third sieving device 19 and the under-sized materials sorted by the second sieving device 17 are supplied to the third wind power sorting device 22 and the tertiary It is divided into a classification weight ASR and a tertiary lightweight ASR.

  The tertiary fraction weight ASR (high specific gravity ASR) is hard plastic or the like. The third fractionation lightweight ASR (low specific gravity ASR) is foamed plastic (foamed urethane), non-woven fabric and the like.

  (15) The tertiary sorted weight ASR sorted by the third wind power sorting device 22 is separated and collected into iron scrap and other weight ASR through the magnetic separator 26.

  (16) The tertiary sorted lightweight ASR sorted by the tertiary wind sorting device 22 is supplied to the third sieving device 25 and sorted into over and under. Under items are disposed of as earth and sand / glass.

  The raw material dust separated as earth and sand or glass closes the pores of the low specific gravity polymer dust in the mixing process with the carbon powder for the production of the carburized material, and inhibits the penetration of the carbon powder into the pores.

  (17) The primary sorted lightweight ASR sorted by (6), the secondary sorted lightweight ASR sorted by (8), the secondary sorted lightweight ASR sorted by (12), and (16 ), The over-sorted materials (third-order light weight ASR) sorted by the third sieving device 25 are respectively collected, and the iron dust is removed through the magnetic separator 27 to obtain low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR). be able to.

  Here, the low specific gravity ASR includes a porous material such as a polymer foam (foamed urethane) and a nonwoven fabric, and has a bulk specific gravity (apparent specific gravity) of 0.2 or less, preferably 0.15 or less to increase the porosity ( With many pores).

(B) Procedure for recovering carbon powder from lithium-ion batteries (Figure 2)
(1) The negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery is used as a raw material. The electrode material of the negative electrode is configured by applying carbon C (active material) on both sides of a Cu foil current collector (base material). At this time, the negative electrode material used as the raw material is derived from recycled materials such as strips of the electrode material (negative electrode sheet) generated in the manufacturing process of the lithium ion battery and the electrode material (negative electrode) of the used battery. Can be used.

  (2) The raw material of the above (1) is put into a crusher 31 of a type in which a flexible linear body such as a chain or a wire turns, and is crushed.

  The crushing machine 31 is a crushing process of the electrode material by repeating that the rotating flexible linear body collides with the electrode material, or the electrode material moving around colliding with the flexible linear body collides with another electrode material. The carbon C is peeled off from the Cu foil of the electrode material, and the Cu foil and the carbon C are further individually granulated.

  (3) The crushed pieces (Cu foil pieces and carbon C pieces) of the electrode material crushed and discharged by the crusher 31 are classified by the sieving device 32 to separate the Cu foil pieces from the carbon powder.

  The sieving device 32 includes a plurality of stages arranged in series, in the present embodiment, vibration sieves 32A to 32D that form first to fourth four stages. The sieve 32A sorts the crushed pieces discharged from the crusher 31. The sieve 32B sorts the crushed pieces sorted by the sieve 32A. The sieve 32C sorts the crushed pieces sorted by the sieve 32B. The sieve 32D sorts the crushed pieces sorted by the sieve 32C. In this embodiment, the coarsely crushed pieces selected by the sieves 32A to 32C are separated as Cu foil pieces, and the small crushed pieces selected by the sieve 32D are separated as carbon powder to be a raw material for the carburized material. .

(C) Procedure for forming carburized material by mixing low specific gravity polymer dust and carbon powder (Fig. 3)
(1) The carbon powder recovered in the above (B) is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) recovered in the above (A) by the mixer 40. A predetermined amount of low specific gravity ASR weighed by the first constant amount feeder 41 and a predetermined amount of carbon powder weighed by the second constant amount feeder 42 are put into the mixer 40, mixed and discharged. The mixer 40 has two horizontal rotary shafts arranged in parallel, and a large number of rectangular paddles with predetermined intervals are provided on the spirals of the predetermined leads on the outer periphery of the horizontal rotary shafts. Gently mix while floating with a paddle between two axes. As a result, the carbon powder is well mixed with the low specific gravity ASR and adheres to and penetrates into the porous surface of the low specific gravity ASR.

  At this time, the mixing ratio of the low specific gravity ASR and the carbon powder mixed in the mixer 40 is, for example, 15 to 30 parts by weight of carbon powder, more preferably 20 parts by weight of carbon powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of low specific gravity ASR. And

  (2) The mixture discharged from the mixer 40 is supplied to the compression solid machine 50. The compression solid machine 50 extrudes the mixture by heating the mixture to a temperature at which the low specific gravity ASR melts (for example, 180 to 200 ° C.).

  A rod-shaped product having an appropriate diameter extruded from the compression solid machine 50 is cut into an appropriate length, cooled with a water-cooled shower or the like, further dropped into a water tank, and forcedly cooled with water attached to the surface. Solidify to obtain a desired shape of the carburized material. The carburized material has a diameter of 30 to 100 mφ and a length of 50 to 200 mm, for example.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained.
(a) A mixture obtained by mixing carbon powder with low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) recovered from shredder dust (ASR) is used as a carburized material. Therefore, carbon powder is used as the carbon source of the carburized material while using carbon contained in the shredder dust (ASR) itself, and the mixing amount of the carbon powder is delicately easy to adjust. It is also easy to increase the carbon content of the material to a desired value and adjust the carbon content to a constant value.

  (b) The low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) recovered from the shredder dust (ASR) has a high content of, for example, a polymer foam such as urethane foam for automobile interior parts and a porous material such as nonwoven fabric. As a result, when the carbon powder is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) and coated on the surface thereof, each of the many pores of the low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) which is a porous material. Disperses on average. Therefore, the uniform dispersibility of the carbon powder disposed in each part of the carburized material can be naturally improved.

  (c) The mixture of (a) and (b) described above is heated to a temperature at which the low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) melts, and is solidified to obtain a carburized material. The low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) is softened by being heated to a melting temperature of, for example, 180 to 200 ° C., and the carbon powders (a) and (b) described above are converted into the low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR). Each part is stably and securely incorporated and held.

  (d) The mixture is obtained by mixing 15 to 30 parts by weight of carbon powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR). The carbon content in 100 parts by weight of the low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) recovered from the shredder dust (ASR) is empirically 55 parts by weight (carbon content 55%). Therefore, the carbon content of the carburized material in which 15 to 30 parts by weight of carbon powder is mixed with 100 parts by weight of low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) is increased to 60.8 to 65.3% and can be adjusted. Become.

  (e) The low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) is derived from automobile shredder dust (ASR). ASR has a high content of the polymer foam and the nonwoven fabric, and the uniform dispersibility of the carbon powder in the carburized material of the present invention is improved.

  (f) Since the carbon powder is derived from the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the low specific gravity recovered from the SR using the high-purity carbon powder recovered from the used electrode material. Combined with the use of polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR), it can contribute to promoting the recycling of waste such as used automobiles and home appliances.

  (g) In the production of the carburized material, a step of mixing carbon powder with a low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) including a porous material and having a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 or less by a mixer 40; 50, the mixture is heated to a temperature at which the low specific gravity polymer dust (low specific gravity ASR) is melted, molded, and solidified, thereby carbonizing the carbonized material using the shredder dust (ASR). The content can be easily adjusted to improve the carburizing quality.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and even if there is a design change or the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is included in the present invention. For example, carbon powder is not limited to those derived from recycled materials, and high-purity carbon powder, graphite powder, or the like can also be used.

  In addition, the carburized material is not limited to one obtained by mixing and molding only carbon powder in low specific gravity polymer dust, and further adding other components to add other utilities based on the other components. May be. For example, a mixture of low specific gravity polymer dust and carbon powder, which is further formed by mixing iron powder, etc. is used as a carburized material, and the degree of floating and sinking is adjusted by adjusting the specific gravity of the carburized material supplied to the cast iron or molten steel. May be controlled, or a magnetic material carrying property may be imparted to the carburized material.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily adjust the carbon content of a carburized material using shredder dust, and to improve the carburizing quality.

11 1st sieving device 15 2nd sieving device 17 2nd sieving device 18 1st wind separation device 19 3rd sieving device 20 2nd wind sorting device 22 3rd wind sorting device 25 3rd sieving device 31 Crushing Machine 32 Sieving equipment 40 Mixer 50 Compression solid machine

Claims (5)

Carbon powder is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust recovered from the shredder dust, and this mixture is heated to a temperature at which the low specific gravity polymer dust melts, and is molded and solidified ,
The low specific gravity polymer dust includes a porous material, the bulk specific gravity is 0.2 or less, and has a large number of pores,
When the carbon powder is mixed with the low specific gravity polymer dust and coated on the surface thereof, the carbonized material is dispersed and penetrates into each of a large number of pores of the low specific gravity polymer dust. .   The carburized material according to claim 1, wherein the mixture is obtained by mixing 15 to 30 parts by weight of carbon powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of low specific gravity polymer dust.   The carburized material according to claim 1, wherein the low specific gravity polymer dust is derived from automobile shredder dust.   The carbonized material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon powder is derived from a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery. It is a manufacturing method of the carburized material in any one of Claims 1-4,
Carbon powder is mixed with low-density polymer dust containing a porous material and having a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 or less and having a large number of pores by a mixer , and mixed with the low-density polymer dust and coated on the surface. A step of dispersing the carbon powder into each of a large number of pores of the low specific gravity polymer dust ; and
A method for producing a carburized material comprising a step of heating and molding the above mixture to a temperature at which the low specific gravity polymer dust melts by a compression solid machine.

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