JP6448472B2 - Display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device such as a head-up display device.

  A head-up display for an automobile projects an image from the dashboard side toward the shield glass of the front window, and displays various information as a virtual image in front of the driver's field of view. The product is in practical use.

  In a general head-up display, an intermediate image formed on a screen such as a diffuser is projected onto a front window glass (front glass) by a projection optical system (magnifying mirror or the like). Therefore, even when the position of the projection optical system is fixed, the position of the virtual image seen by the driver in the front-rear direction can be changed by changing the position of the screen on which the intermediate image is formed.

  In the head-up display device described in Patent Document 1 below, images are drawn on the three screens 31 to 33, respectively, and the images are reflected by the mirror 4 and projected onto the windshield (FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1). ). Since the screens 31 to 33 have different distances from the mirror 4 that is the projection means, the three virtual images corresponding to the images on the screens 31 to 33 appear to have different positions in the front-rear direction when viewed from the driver.

  In the head-up display device described in Patent Document 2 below, images are drawn on the two screens 14 and 16, respectively, and the images are reflected by the concave mirror of the optical unit 18 and projected onto the windshield (patent). Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 in Literature 2. Also in this head-up display device, the two virtual images corresponding to the images on the screens 14 and 16 appear to have different positions in the front-rear direction when viewed from the driver.

JP 2009-150947 A JP2015-34919A

  When an intermediate image is formed on the screen by scanning the light beam, the resolution is improved as the beam diameter is smaller. Therefore, the light beam incident on the screen is usually focused by an optical system. Since the light beam is focused by the optical system, the beam diameter varies depending on the distance from the optical system. If there is one screen, a good resolution can be obtained by configuring the optical system so that the screen is focused (the beam diameter is minimized). However, in the case where there are a plurality of screens, when the light beam is focused on one of the screens, the beam diameter increases on the other screens. Therefore, in the head-up display device described in Patent Document 1 described above, when the light beam is focused on one screen, the resolution is reduced on the other two screens. If the optical system is configured so that the light beam approaches the parallel light, the difference in the beam diameter depending on the position of the screen is reduced. However, the beam diameter cannot be sufficiently reduced by this method, so the resolution of each screen is lowered.

  On the other hand, in the head-up display device described in Patent Document 2 described above, a MEMS mirror capable of changing the curvature of the concave mirror 88 is used as the focus changing unit 86 for scanning the light beam, and the two screens 14 and 16 are used. (FIG. 5 of Patent Document 2). However, the control of the curvature of the concave mirror by the MEMS mirror requires a complicated control of the curvature, so that the calculation load becomes heavy, and it is difficult to accurately focus the light beam having a small spot diameter on the screen. There's a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a display capable of focusing light on each of a plurality of screens on which intermediate images are formed while having a simple configuration. To provide an apparatus.

A display device according to the present invention is a display device that displays an image according to an intermediate image formed on each of a plurality of screens, and includes a light source that emits light beams composed of light components of a plurality of colors, A scanner that selectively reflects light rays toward any one of the plurality of screens and scans the screen with the reflected light rays, and the intermediate image formed on the screen by scanning the light rays of the scanner A projection optical system for projecting an image corresponding to each of the plurality of optical paths from the scanner to each of the plurality of screens, or all of the optical paths from the scanner to each of the other screens except for the one screen. And at least one lens for focusing the light beam from the scanner on the screen on the arranged optical path. The plurality of screens have different distances from the scanner, and light beams from the scanner are in focus on each of the plurality of screens. The lens has an incident surface on which light rays from the scanner are vertically incident and an emission surface on which light rays to the screen are emitted vertically.

  According to said structure, the said lens is arrange | positioned in all the optical paths from the said scanner to each of these screens, or all of the optical paths from the said scanner to each of the other screens except one said screen. . In the screen on the optical path where the lens is arranged, the light beam from the scanner is focused by the lens. Further, when there is the one screen on which the lens is not disposed on the optical path, the light beam from the scanner is focused on the one screen without using the lens, A lens focuses the light beam from the scanner. Therefore, while having a simple configuration using a lens, it becomes possible to make a light beam incident on the plurality of screens on which the intermediate images are formed in focus.

  Further, according to the above configuration, the light beam from the scanner is vertically incident on the incident surface of the lens, and the light beam to the screen is vertically emitted on the exit surface of the lens. Chromatic aberration due to the difference in the refractive index of the light component is less likely to occur.

Preferably, the entrance surface and the exit surface may have a shape along a spherical surface centering on the exit position of the light beam from the scanner.
According to said structure, since the said lens has a simple shape, the process of the said lens becomes easy.

Preferably, the scanner includes a reflecting surface that reflects a light beam incident from the light source and is supported so as to be freely slidable so as to have a stationary point whose position does not change even when the posture changes. Good. The light source may enter a light beam toward the stationary point of the reflecting surface.
According to the above configuration, since the emission position of the light beam from the scanner becomes the stationary point of the reflection surface, the light beam emitted from the scanner toward the lens with a change in the posture of the reflection surface. Even if the direction of the beam changes variously, the light beam from the scanner enters the incident surface perpendicularly with high accuracy, and the light beam to the screen exits perpendicularly with high accuracy from the emission surface.

Preferably, the lens may not be disposed in an optical path from the scanner to the one screen. In this case, the light source may include a light source side optical system that focuses the light emitted to the scanner so that the light from the scanner is focused on the one screen.
According to the above configuration, since the light beam emitted to the scanner is focused by the light source side optical system, the beam diameter of the light beam in each of the plurality of screens is reduced, and the resolution of the intermediate image is increased.
Further, in the one screen, since the light beam from the scanner is focused by the light source side optical system, the one screen is independent of the optical characteristics of the lens arranged on the optical path of the other screen. It is possible to focus the light beam at.

  Preferably, the lens may have a negative refractive power. In this case, the screen positioned on the optical path where the lens is disposed may be positioned farther from the reflecting surface than the one screen.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to make a light beam incident while focusing on each of a plurality of screens on which an intermediate image is formed with a simple configuration.

It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the display apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the structure relevant to control of the display apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the shape of a lens. It is the figure which expressed the optical path from a light source to two screens linearly. FIG. 4A shows an optical path without a lens, and FIG. 4B shows an optical path with a lens. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the distance from a light source side optical system, and the beam diameter of a light ray.

Hereinafter, a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The display device according to the present embodiment is a device that displays an image by projecting intermediate images formed on a plurality of screens. For example, a virtual image is displayed at a position where the distance in the forward direction is different from the driver. A head-up display device for a vehicle.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a display device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration related to control of the display device according to the present embodiment. The display device shown in the example of FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a light source 10, a scanner 20, two screens 30a and 30b, a projection optical system 40, a lens 50, a control unit 60, and a storage unit 70. In the following description, each of the two screens (30a, 30b) may be referred to as “screen 30” without distinction.

  The light source 10 is, for example, a laser light source, and emits a light beam LB1 including light components of a plurality of colors (for example, red, blue, and green). In the example of FIG. 1, the light source 10 combines a laser unit 11 including a plurality of laser oscillators that generate laser beams of different colors, and the laser beams of the respective colors generated by the laser unit 11 to converge parallel light. And a light source side optical system 12 that emits a light beam LB1 close to.

The laser unit 11 adjusts the intensity of laser light of each color so that a desired intermediate image can be obtained on the screen 30 according to the control of the control unit 60 described later. The light source side optical system 12 is incident on the screen 30a from the scanner 20. The light beam LB1 emitted to the scanner 20 is focused so that the light beam focused on the screen 30a. The light source side optical system 12 includes, for example, a collimator lens.

  The scanner 20 selectively reflects the light beam LB1 from the light source 10 toward one of the screen 30a and the screen 30b, and scans the screen 30 with the reflected light beam. When the light beam of the scanner 20 scans one screen 30, the light beam is not incident on the other screen 30.

  The scanner 20 has a reflecting surface 21 that reflects the light beam LB1 incident from the light source 10. The reflecting surface 21 is swingably supported so as to have a stationary point O whose position does not change even when the posture changes. For example, the reflecting surface 21 is supported so as to be rotatable around two axes orthogonal to each other at a stationary point O. The scanner 20 rotates the reflecting surface 21 around each axis by an actuator (not shown), thereby changing the posture of the reflecting surface 21.

  The light source 10 enters the light beam LB1 toward the stationary point O of the reflecting surface 21. Thereby, the emission position of the light beam from the scanner 20 becomes the stationary point O of the reflecting surface 21. Therefore, even if the light emitting direction changes due to the change in the posture of the reflecting surface 21, the light emitting position does not change.

  The scanner 20 includes, for example, a galvanometer mirror, a MEMS mirror, and the like, and changes the posture of the reflecting surface 21 under the control of the control unit 60.

  Each of the screens 30a and 30b is a surface for forming an intermediate image, and is configured using, for example, a diffusion plate (diffuser) for reducing speckle noise. The screen 30b is located farther from the reflecting surface 21 than the screen 30a, and is located closer to the projection optical system 40 than the screen 30a.

  The projection optical system 40 projects an image corresponding to the intermediate image formed on the screen 30 by scanning the light beam of the scanner 20. In the example of FIG. 1, the projection optical system 40 is a concave reflection mirror, and the intermediate image light is incident on the projection surface 7 such as a windshield, and the virtual image IM <b> 1, Project IM2. The intermediate image of the screen 30b at a position close to the projection optical system 40 is a virtual image IM1 that appears at a position close to the driver 5, and the intermediate image of the screen 30a at a position far from the projection optical system 40 is a position far from the driver 5. The virtual image IM2 is visible.

  The lens 50 is disposed in the optical path P2 from the scanner 20 to the screen 30b, and has a function of focusing the light beam from the scanner 20 on the screen 30b. The light beam from the scanner 20 is focused on the screen 30a closer to the scanner 20 than the screen 30b by the light source side optical system 12 described above. Therefore, the lens 50 has a function of diffusing light rays so that the focal position is shifted in a direction away from the scanner 20. That is, the lens 50 has a negative refractive power.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the shape of the lens 50.
In the present embodiment, the lens 50 has an incident surface 51 on which the light beam from the scanner 20 enters vertically and an output surface 52 on which the light beam to the screen 30b exits vertically. As shown in FIG. 3, the entrance surface 51 and the exit surface 52 have a shape along a spherical surface centered on the stationary point O of the reflection surface 21, which is the exit position of the light beam from the scanner 20. In the example of FIG. 3, the incident surface 51 has a shape along a spherical surface with a radius r <b> 1 centered on the stationary point O. Further, the emission surface 52 has a shape along a spherical surface with a radius r2 (r2> r1) centered on the stationary point O. The thickness t of the lens 50 is “t = r2−r1”. The lens 50 which is such a concentric spherical concave lens has a negative refractive power for diffusing light rays, and the focal length can be set to a desired value by appropriately setting “r1” and “r2”.

  The control unit 60 is a device that controls the overall operation of the display device, and includes, for example, a computer that executes processing based on a program stored in the storage unit 70. The control unit 60 controls the light intensity of each color of the light beam LB1 emitted from the light source 10 and the scanning of the light beam in the scanner 20 so that a desired intermediate image is obtained on the screen 30.

FIG. 4 is a diagram linearly representing an optical path from the light source 10 to the screens 30a and 30b. 4A shows the light path P1 to the screen 30a, and FIG. 4B shows the light path P2 to the screen 30b.
Since the optical path P1 to the screen 30a does not include the lens 50 on the way, the light incident on the screen 30 is focused only by the action of the light source side optical system 12. Therefore, the characteristics of the light source side optical system 12 are set so that the light beam is focused on the screen 30a separated from the light source side optical system 12 by the distance z1 (the beam diameter of the light beam is minimized).

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the distance from the light source side optical system 12 and the beam diameter of the light beam, in the case where a light beam having a spot diameter of 1 mm is input to the light source side optical system 12 (collimator lens). An example of calculation is shown. The four curves in FIG. 5 have different distances (focal lengths) from the light source side optical system 12 where the beam diameter is minimized. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the beam diameter increases abruptly by a slight deviation from the position where the beam diameter is minimized. In particular, when the characteristics of the light source side optical system 12 are set so that the beam diameter is minimized at a position close to the light source side optical system 12, this tendency becomes remarkable.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, in the optical path P2 to the screen 30b, the focal length is further adjusted by the lens 50 in order to prevent the beam diameter from expanding due to the deviation of the focal length. That is, the characteristics of the lens 50 are set so that the focal point of the light beam adjusted to the position of the distance z1 by the light source side optical system 12 is shifted far away to the distance z2 (z2> z1) of the screen 30b. As shown in FIG. 4B, the light beam focused by the action of the light source side optical system 12 is diffused in the lens 50, so that the beam diameter of the light beam is minimized on the screen 30b.

  As described above, according to the display device according to the present embodiment, the light beam from the scanner 20 is focused by the lens 50 on the screen 30b on the optical path P2 in which the lens 50 is disposed. Further, on the screen 30a on the optical path P1 where the lens 50 is not disposed in the middle, the light beam from the scanner 20 is focused by another optical system, that is, the light source side optical system 12. Therefore, although it is a simple structure using the lens 50, a light beam can be made to focus on each of the two screens 30a and 30b. Thereby, since the resolution of the intermediate image formed on the two screens 30a and 30b can be increased, the image quality can be improved.

  Further, according to the display device according to the present embodiment, the light beam from the scanner 20 is vertically incident on the incident surface 51 of the lens 50, and the light beam to the screen 30b is vertically emitted on the exit surface of the lens 50. Since the chromatic aberration can be made difficult to occur in the intermediate image formed on the screen 30b, the image quality can be improved.

  Furthermore, according to the display device according to the present embodiment, the entrance surface 51 and the exit surface 52 of the lens 50 are formed in a shape along a spherical surface centering on the exit position of the light beam from the scanner 20. Since it is simple, the lens 50 can be accurately processed by a simple process.

  In addition, according to the display device according to the present embodiment, the light beam is incident from the light source 10 toward the stationary point O of the reflecting surface 21, and therefore the emission position of the light beam from the scanner 20 is the stationary point of the reflecting surface 21. Become O. As a result, even if the direction of the light beam emitted from the scanner 20 toward the lens 50 changes in accordance with the change in the posture of the reflecting surface 21, the light beam from the scanner 20 enters the incident surface 51 with high accuracy and perpendicularly. Then, the light beam to the screen 30b is emitted vertically from the incident surface 51 with high accuracy. Therefore, the influence of chromatic aberration can be made difficult to occur over a wide range of the screen 30b.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, Various modifications are included.

  For example, in the embodiment described above, the case where there are two screens 30 is taken as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. In another embodiment of the present invention, the number of screens on which the intermediate image is formed may be three or more. For example, when an intermediate image is formed on N (N is an integer of 3 or more) screens, other screens (N-1 screens) except for one screen having the shortest distance from the scanner are reached. A lens for focusing the light beam from the scanner may be provided in all the optical paths.

  In the above-described embodiment, the lens 50 is not provided for one of the plurality of screens, but the present invention is not limited to this. In another embodiment of the present invention, a lens for focusing the light beam on each screen is disposed in all the optical paths from the scanner to each of the plurality of screens (both optical paths P1 and P2 in the example of FIG. 1). May be.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 ... Driver, 7 ... Projection surface, 10 ... Light source, 11 ... Laser part, 12 ... Light source side optical system, 20 ... Scanner, 21 ... Reflective surface, 30, 30a, 30b ... Screen, 40 ... Projection optical system, 50 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Lens, 51 ... Incident surface, 52 ... Output surface, 60 ... Control part, 70 ... Memory | storage part, LB ... Light ray, O ... Rest point, IM1, IM2 ... Virtual image.

Claims (5)

A display device that displays an image corresponding to an intermediate image formed on each of a plurality of screens,
A light source that emits light beams composed of light components of a plurality of colors;
A scanner that selectively reflects light from the light source toward any one of the plurality of screens and scans the screen with the reflected light;
A projection optical system for projecting an image corresponding to the intermediate image formed on the screen by scanning light beams of the scanner;
In all of the optical paths from the scanner to each of the plurality of screens, or in all of the optical paths from the scanner to each of the other screens except for the one screen, And at least one lens for focusing the light beam from the scanner,
The plurality of screens have different distances from the scanner,
The rays from the scanner are in focus on each of the plurality of screens;
The lens is
An incident surface on which light rays from the scanner are perpendicularly incident;
A display device comprising: an exit surface through which light rays to the screen exit vertically. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the incident surface and the emission surface have a shape along a spherical surface centering on an emission position of a light beam from the scanner. The scanner has a reflecting surface that reflects light incident from the light source and is slidably supported so as to have a stationary point whose position does not change even if the posture changes.
The display device according to claim 2, wherein the light source enters a light beam toward the stationary point of the reflecting surface. The lens is not arranged in the optical path from the scanner to the one screen,
The display device according to claim 3, wherein the light source has a light source side optical system that focuses light emitted to the scanner so that the light from the scanner is focused on the one screen. The lens has negative refractive power,
The display device according to claim 4, wherein the screen positioned on the optical path in which the lens is disposed is positioned farther from the reflecting surface than the one screen.