JP6444110B2 - Drying apparatus and drying method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drying apparatus and a drying method.

  Conventionally, a technique for concentrating and further drying an object to be treated containing a large amount of water is known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that by using a VCC (Vapor Compression and Condensation) technique, water having high latent heat of evaporation is efficiently evaporated to concentrate and dry the object to be processed. Here, the “VCC technology” means that the water vapor generated by the concentration or drying of the object to be processed is recovered and pressurized, and heat is exchanged with the object to be condensed, thereby condensing the heat corresponding to the heat of condensation. A technique used for further concentration and drying of the object to be processed.

  The apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 is configured such that a condenser is provided inside and outside the drying container, and pressurized water vapor is passed through them. The condenser provided in the drying container also serves to stir the object to be processed by circling around the horizontal axis.

Japanese Patent No. 5071975

  However, in the above apparatus, when the object to be processed, which has been solidified as the concentration and drying progress, adheres to the heat transfer surface of the condenser provided in the drying container, the object to be processed moves along with the condenser. It becomes like this. Then, it will be in the state which cannot be said to be substantially stirred, and heat transfer will be inhibited by the attached solid substance. In addition, when the dried solid matter is peeled off from the heat transfer surface, if stirring of the object to be processed is delayed, it is delayed that the undried object is in contact with the heat transfer surface, and the time required for drying Will become longer.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a drying apparatus and a drying method that can efficiently perform stirring even when the object to be processed is solidified, and in which the object to be processed contacts the heat transfer surface efficiently. The purpose is to do.

  The present invention includes an evaporator that accommodates an object to be processed, and a horizontal-type dryer body that has a stirring blade that circulates around a substantially horizontal axis while being in contact with the inner wall of the evaporator that is accommodated in the evaporator, A compressor for compressing water vapor transferred from the evaporator, and a condenser for allowing the water vapor compressed by the compressor to flow therethrough and exchanging heat with the evaporator, the condenser being accommodated in the evaporator and having at least a stirring blade A first condenser that is provided on the orbital surface of the gas and that circulates around an axis, and a second condenser that exchanges heat with the evaporator from outside and at least vertically below the evaporator, When the first condenser circulates in the lower part of the evaporator, the condenser and the second condenser are connected so that water vapor transferred from the compressor is passed in order or in parallel. The solid matter is sandwiched between the inner wall and the solid matter Providing in which drying apparatus having a pressing portion which can be form.

  This drying apparatus uses the VCC technology, and the first condensation which evaporates water from the object to be processed accommodated in the evaporator, pressurizes it with a compressor, and heat-exchanges the pressurized water vapor with the evaporator. The heat corresponding to the heat of condensation is used for further concentration and drying of the object to be processed by condensing while passing through the vessel and the second condenser in order or in parallel. Here, the first condenser performs heat exchange from the inside of the evaporator, and the second condenser performs heat exchange from the outside of the evaporator and at least from the lower side in the vertical direction.

  In this drying apparatus, the object to be processed is stirred by the stirring blade that circulates while abutting against the inner wall of the evaporator, and is further scraped up and dropped to a height exceeding the input height of the object to be processed. Further, when the object to be processed is solidified due to the progress of concentration and drying, the stirring blade is scraped off so that the solidified object to be processed does not remain attached to the inner wall of the evaporator. The workpieces are mixed and homogenized by the action of the stirring blade. Here, the 1st condenser accommodated in the inside of an evaporator was provided on the circumference track surface of a stirring blade, and was swept off by the stirring blade in order to go around the axis in common with the stirring blade. The object to be processed easily comes into contact with the first condenser. Moreover, the first condenser has a pressing portion that can deform the object to be processed by sandwiching the object to be processed solidified between the inner wall and the inner wall when circulating around the lower part in the evaporator. Yes. For this reason, it becomes the appearance that the said to-be-processed object is pressed between the said press part and the inner wall of the lower part of an evaporator, and a drying effect increases. In addition, since the lower part in the evaporator is also a part that exchanges heat with the second condenser, the drying effect by the pressing is even higher. Due to the stirring and mixing of the object to be processed by the stirring blades and the pressing of the object to be processed by the pressing portion of the first condenser, the object to be processed that comes into contact with the heat transfer surfaces of the first condenser and the second condenser is obtained. It will be updated one after another. Therefore, according to this drying apparatus, even when the workpiece is solidified, the stirring can be performed efficiently, and the contact of the workpiece with the heat transfer surface is efficiently generated.

  Here, it is preferable that the circular radius of the pressing portion is 0.55 to 0.99 times the length of a perpendicular line that is lowered vertically from the axis to the inner wall of the evaporator. According to this, the efficiency with which the to-be-processed solidified object is pressed by the press part on the inner wall of the lower part of an evaporator becomes high.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the dryer main body has a plurality of stirring blades in the circulation direction of the stirring blades, and the condenser has a plurality of first condensers in the circulation direction of the first condenser. According to this, stirring and mixing of the object to be processed by the stirring blade and pressing of the object to be processed by the pressing portion of the first condenser can be performed more efficiently.

Moreover, it is preferable that ratio of the sum total of the heat-transfer surface of a 1st condenser and a 2nd condenser and the motor output of a compressor is 1.2 m < ² > / kW or more. In general, the temperature of the water vapor passed through the condenser is high, and the larger the temperature difference between the condenser and the evaporator, the faster the drying speed is. is not. Therefore, it is required to control the temperature difference between the condenser and the evaporator to an appropriate temperature difference in consideration of the balance between the drying speed and the energy efficiency. In view of the appropriate temperature difference and the current compressor performance (motor output, heat resistance, etc.), a predetermined heat transfer area is required to transfer heat sufficient to dry the workpiece. It turns out that it becomes. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable that the total of the heat transfer surfaces of the first condenser and the second condenser is the above value.

  The drying apparatus of the present invention further includes an external heat source for supplying water vapor to the first condenser, and the compressor performs the first condensation so that the water vapor compressed by the compressor is transferred to the first condenser. The second condenser is preferably provided with exhaust means for exhausting the non-condensable gas in the water vapor passed from the first condenser. In general, water vapor supplied from an external heat source that supplements heat contains noncondensable gases (for example, oxygen and nitrogen) as impurities other than water. This non-condensable gas prevents the water vapor transferred from the compressor from condensing in the evaporator. Therefore, if the non-condensable gas can be exhausted by the exhaust means, it is possible to prevent water vapor condensation from being inhibited.

  Moreover, this invention is a drying method using the said drying apparatus, Comprising: The accommodation process which accommodates a to-be-processed object in an evaporator, A compressor is driven after an accommodation process, and the water vapor | steam in an evaporator is transferred to a condenser. There is provided a drying method having a transfer step and a stirring step of rotating a stirring blade and a first condenser around an axis after an accommodating step.

  According to this drying method, it is possible to efficiently perform stirring even when the workpiece is solidified by the action of the stirring blade and the pressing portion of the second condenser described above, and heat transfer. The contact of the workpiece with the surface is efficiently generated.

  In this drying method, the object to be treated is at least one selected from drainage, leachate, turbid water, mud water and associated water, and the amount of the object to be accommodated in the accommodating step is when the dryer body is placed horizontally. In the cross section orthogonal to the axis of the axis, the amount of the vertical downward angle around the axis, which is obtained by connecting the position of the axis and the both end points of the horizontal liquid surface of the workpiece, is 90 degrees to 180 degrees It is preferable that This amount is appropriate as the amount of the object to be processed at one time, and according to this, the energy efficiency and the frequency of the setup change for processing the next object to be processed may be appropriate. it can.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a drying device and a drying method capable of efficiently stirring even when the object to be processed is solidified and in which the object to be processed contacts the heat transfer surface efficiently. Can be provided.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the outline | summary of the drying apparatus of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rotary body containing a stirring blade and a heat exchanger tube. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a rotary body. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the dryer main body, corresponding to the IV-IV cross section of FIG. 3. It is sectional drawing of the dryer main body in use.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part or an equivalent part, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  First, an outline of the drying apparatus will be described. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an outline of a drying apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rotating body, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotating body, and FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view of a dryer body. It is.

  The drying apparatus 1 includes a horizontally installed dryer main body 2 in which a rotating body 5 is accommodated, a water vapor transferred from the inside of the dryer main body 2, a compressor 3 that compresses the water vapor, and a compressor 3 that compresses the water vapor. And a condenser 4 for exchanging heat with the dryer main body 2 by passing water vapor. The condenser 4 includes a heat transfer tube (first condenser; see FIG. 4) 4A and a jacket (second condenser) 4B, which will be described later.

  The dryer main body 2 has a cylindrical evaporator 21 that accommodates an object to be processed during the drying process, and the rotating body 5 is accommodated inside the evaporator 21. When the motor output is 7.5 kW, the size of the evaporator 21 is about 80 cm to 120 cm in inner diameter and about 2 m to 5 m in the longitudinal direction. Can do.

  A hollow jacket (second condenser; see FIG. 4) 4B having a crescent-shaped cross section is provided at the lower part of the evaporator 21 from the lower side in the vertical direction over the longitudinal direction of the evaporator 21. Abutting to follow the curved surface. The range of the abutted portion preferably occupies a range corresponding to an angle of 90 degrees or more on the outer surface of the evaporator 21 when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the evaporator 21. In addition, it is preferable that the part which the jacket 4B does not contact | abut among the outer surfaces of the evaporator 21 is covered with the heat insulating material.

  A take-out port 22 for taking out water vapor is provided on the upper surface of the evaporator 21 when placed horizontally, a pipe L1 is connected to the take-out port 22 and is connected to the compressor 3.

  Here, the compressor 3 is preferably a steam compressor, but may be a diverted air compressor. The motor output of the compressor 3 is preferably 5.5 kW to 10 kW (typically 5.5 kW or 7.5 kW), but there is no problem even if it is 10 kW or more. The compressor 3 preferably has a water vapor compression ratio of 2 or more.

  A pipe L2 is connected and extends from the outlet of the compressor 3, and is connected to one side (51A) of the hollow rotary shafts 51A and 51B located at both ends of the rotating body 5. From the other side (51B) of the hollow rotary shafts 51A, 51B, a pipe L3 is connected and extended, and is connected to the other end of the jacket 4B. Thereby, the heat transfer tube 4A and the jacket 4B are connected to each other.

  An extraction port 41 for taking out condensed water and water vapor to the outside is provided in the lower part near one end of the jacket 4B, and a piping L4 for collecting condensed water and water vapor is provided at the extraction port 41. Is connected. An air vent (exhaust means) 42 for exhausting non-condensable gas in the water vapor is provided on the upper portion on one side of the jacket 4B. It is preferable to provide a plurality of air vents 42 at a ratio of one motor output 2 kW of the compressor 3.

  Next, the configuration of the rotating body 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. The rotating body 5 is a structure in which the heat transfer tube 4A, the stirring blade 23, and the like are supported or connected to each other by a support member, and the hollow rotating shafts 51A and 51B positioned at both ends of the rotating body 5 are respectively mounted on the base 8 (see FIG. 2). ), And is rotatable about the axis of the hollow rotary shafts 51A and 51B facing substantially horizontal. The rotation can be continuously rotated in an arbitrary circumferential direction by a swivel structure.

  The hollow rotary shafts 51A and 51B are respectively connected to the centers of hollow plates 52A and 52B having a predetermined thickness in the axial direction of the rotating body 5 and having a substantially octagonal shape when viewed in cross section. , 52B are in communication with each other. Of the surfaces perpendicular to the axial direction of the hollow plates 52A and 52B, the center of the surface to which the hollow rotating shafts 51A and 51B are not connected (the surface facing the inner side of the rotating body 5 in the axial direction) is the solid rotating shaft. 51C is connected and hollow plate 52A, 52B is couple | bonded. In the space between the hollow plates 52A and 52B, five substantially octagonal partition plates 53 are penetrated by the solid rotating shaft 51C so as to have the same shape as the hollow plates 52A and 52B when viewed in the axial direction. As shown, six partition rooms 54 are arranged at equal intervals.

  From the side surface of one of the four sides of the substantially octagonal shape of the hollow plate 52A, the support plate 55A faces each other between the five partition plates 53 toward the corresponding side surface of the other opposing hollow plate 52B. It is provided so as to span.

  Of the four sides of the support plate 55A spanned in each partition 54, for the two opposite sides, another support plate 55B is parallel to the side closer to the solid rotational shaft 51C than the support plate 55A. Is provided. Two reinforcing plates 56 are passed between the support plates 55A and 55B at a predetermined interval in the axial direction, thereby forming three small chambers in the axial direction. A shaft rod 57 is inserted into each of the small chambers on both sides of the three small chambers in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction and in a radial direction about the solid rotation shaft 51C. A flat stirring blade 23 is attached to an end of the shaft rod 57 protruding outward from the support plate 55A. As shown in FIG. 2, the stirring blade 23 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction. This inclination angle is preferably 5 to 45 degrees with respect to the axial direction.

  The shaft rod 57 and the stirring blade 23 are attached to both of the opposing support plates 55A. That is, the rotating body 5 has a plurality of stirring blades 23 in the rotation direction.

  Each shaft rod 57 incorporates a spring, and the stirring blade 23 is urged outward by the spring and is in contact with the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  When the evaporator 21 and the agitating blade 23 are projected from the side surface side of the axis, the agitating blade 23 seems to have a portion where the agitating blade 23 abuts over the entire axial portion of the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21. In addition, among the four support plates 55A spanned in each of the six partition rooms 54, any two opposing positions are attached. Specifically, the adjoining partition chambers 54 and 54 are positioned so that the mounting positions of the stirring blades 23 are different by 90 degrees, and the partition chambers 54 and 54 sandwiching one partition chamber 54 are agitated. Two opposing sides are selected and attached alternately so that the attachment positions of the blades 23 have the same positional relationship. For example, the stirring blades 23 corresponding to the first and third partition rooms 54, 54 from the right in FIG. 3 are attached to the upper side and the lower side in the figure. Since the stirring blade 23 corresponding to 54 is attached to the front side and the back side in the figure, it is not visible in FIG. 3 (see also FIG. 2).

  In FIG. 3, there is a portion drawn as if the partition plate 53 and the support plates 55A and 55B were integrally molded. However, these structures may be welded to each other, and plural types of members are bolted to each other. For example, they may be combined with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating body 5 has a heat transfer tube 4 </ b> A extending in the axial direction. The heat transfer tube 4A is connected so as to communicate with the hollow portions of the hollow plates 52A and 52B on the surface to which the solid rotary shaft 51C is connected among the surfaces perpendicular to the axial direction of the hollow plates 52A and 52B. All of the five partition plates 53 extend through the hollow plates 52A and 52B so as to communicate with each other.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, eight of the heat transfer tubes 4 </ b> A are arranged in parallel along the side adjacent to the side where the stirring blades 23 are provided, out of the substantially octagonal shape of the partition plate 53. Further along the book, seven are arranged in parallel at a position on the inner side of the substantially octagon, and the partition plate 53 penetrates so that a total of 15 heat transfer tube groups H are formed. The heat transfer tube group H similarly penetrates the partition plate 53 along every other side of the substantially octagonal shape of the partition plate 53. That is, the rotating body 5 has a plurality of heat transfer tubes 4A in the rotation direction and a plurality of heat transfer tube groups H in the rotation direction.

  In the rotating body 5 having the above-described configuration, both the stirring blade 23 and the heat transfer tube 4A circulate around the coaxial line in accordance with the rotation of the hollow rotary shafts 51A and 51B around the axis. Here, as a positional relationship between the stirring blade 23 and the heat transfer tube 4A, the heat transfer tube 4A exists at least on the orbital surface of the stirring blade 23 around the axis.

  Here, in the drying method of the workpiece to be described later, when the heat transfer tube 4A circulates in the lower part of the evaporator 21 by the rotation of the rotating body 5, the solid from the workpiece is interposed between the inner wall 21A. It functions as a pressing portion 43 that can deform a solid object with an object interposed therebetween. In the present embodiment, all the heat transfer tubes 4 </ b> A can function as the pressing portions 43. The rotation radius of the pressing portion 43 is preferably 0.55 to 0.99 times the vertical line drawn downward on the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21 downward in the vertical direction from the axis, and is 0.65 to 0.99 times. More preferably, it is 0.70 times to 0.99 times.

The ratio of the total heat transfer surface of the heat transfer tubes 4A and the jacket 4B to exchange heat with the evaporator 21 and the motor output of the compressor 3 is preferably 1.2 m ² / kW or more, and 1.4 m ² / kW. More preferably, it is 1.6 m ² / kW or more. As the breakdown, the total heat transfer surface of the heat transfer tube 4A is preferably 0.8 m ² / kW or more, and more preferably 1.0 m ² / kW or more. Further, the heat transfer surface of the jacket 4B is preferably 0.25 m ² / kW or more, and more preferably 0.5 m ² / kW or more.

  In general, the higher the temperature of water vapor flowing through the condenser (heat transfer tube 4A and jacket 4B) is, and the larger the temperature difference between the condenser and the evaporator 21, the faster the drying speed, but the greater the amount of electric power that is input. This is not always preferable because energy efficiency deteriorates. Therefore, it is required to control the temperature difference between the condenser 4 and the evaporator 21 to an appropriate temperature difference (for example, 16 ° C.) from the balance between the drying speed and the energy efficiency. In view of the appropriate temperature difference and the performance of the compressor 3 to be used (motor output, heat resistance, etc.), a predetermined heat transfer area is required to transfer heat sufficient for drying the workpiece. It turns out that it becomes. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable that the total of the heat transfer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes 4A and the jacket 4B is the above value.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the drying device 1 of the present embodiment further includes an external heat source 7 that supplies water vapor to the heat transfer tube 4 </ b> A through the pipe L <b> 5. As the external heat source 7, a boiler is preferable.

  Next, a drying method using the drying apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 5. Here, the treated water to be treated is taken as an example of the treated material. Such treated water includes, for example, wastewater discharged from industrial facilities, leachate from disposal sites such as final disposal sites, turbid water and mud water generated at construction sites, and accompanying incidents associated with oil and gas mining. Water is mentioned.

  First, the workpiece W is accommodated in the evaporator 21 from the charging port (not shown) of the evaporator 21 (accommodating step). Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the input amount of the workpiece W is preferably not more than the height of the solid rotating shaft 51 </ b> C when the dryer body 2 is placed horizontally, more specifically. The angle α on the lower side in the vertical direction around the axis, which is formed by connecting the axis C and both end points of the liquid surface that is horizontal to the workpiece W in the cross section perpendicular to the axis, is 90 to 180 degrees. It is preferable to make it an amount. This amount is appropriate as the amount of the workpiece W to be processed at one time, and according to this, the energy efficiency and the frequency of the setup change for processing the next workpiece should be appropriate. Can do.

  Alternatively, the amount of the workpiece W to be input may be an amount in which a quarter or more of the total area of the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer tube 4A is immersed in the workpiece W. For example, in FIG. 5, at least one heat transfer tube group H (that is, the total area of the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer tube 4 </ b> A) among the four heat transfer tube groups H provided at four positions in the circumferential direction of the axis C. A quarter) is always an amount to be immersed in the workpiece W. According to this, a heat-transfer surface can be utilized efficiently.

  After accommodating the workpiece W, the dryer body 2 is placed sideways and the compressor 3 is driven. When the compressor 3 is driven, the inside of the evaporator 21 is depressurized. At first, the air in the evaporator 21 and subsequently the water vapor evaporated from the workpiece W are transferred to the compressor 3. The water vapor transferred to the compressor 3 is compressed by the compressor 3, and the pressure and temperature are increased. The water vapor whose pressure has been raised and raised by the compressor 3 is transferred to a hollow rotary shaft 51A (see FIG. 1) on one side of the rotating body 5 (transfer process).

  In accordance with the driving of the compressor 3, a rotation driving device (not shown) is driven to rotate the rotating body 5 around the axis, thereby rotating the stirring blade 23 and the heat transfer tube 4 </ b> A around the axis (stirring step). At this time, the stirring blade 23 rotates while contacting the inner wall 21 </ b> A of the evaporator 21 by the biasing force of the spring built in the shaft rod 57. Here, the rotational speed of the rotating body 5 is appropriately adjusted by the balance between the speed at which the surface of the heat transfer tube 4A dipped in the workpiece W dries during rotation and the stirring.

  The water vapor transferred to the hollow rotating shaft 51A is guided to the inside of the hollow plate 52A, and then distributed to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 4A communicating from the inside of the hollow plate 52A (transfer step). The distributed water vapor flows through each heat transfer tube 4A, and a part of the water vapor is condensed while exchanging heat with the inside of the evaporator 21 to be condensed water (flow process). The steam reaches the inside of the hollow plate 52B on the other side and joins, passes through the inside of the hollow rotary shaft 51B, and enters the pipe L3 connected to the hollow rotary shaft 51B.

  In addition, as water vapor | steam flowed in the said rotary body 5, you may supply water vapor | steam from the external heat source 7 through the piping L5 as needed.

  The water vapor discharged from the rotating body 5 is introduced into the jacket 4B through the pipe L3. Inside the jacket 4B, the water vapor is partially condensed while exchanging heat with the evaporator 21 to become condensed water (flow process). Here, when water vapor is supplied from the external heat source 7, it is desirable to open the air vent 42 manually or automatically to exhaust the non-condensable gas mixed in the water vapor.

  Water vapor and condensed water remaining after passing through the jacket 4B are recovered from the outlet 41 through the pipe L4.

  Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the drying apparatus 1 and the drying method of the present embodiment will be described. The drying apparatus 1 and the drying method described above use the VCC technology, evaporate water from the workpiece W accommodated in the evaporator 21, pressurize it with the compressor 3, and evaporate the pressurized water vapor. By condensing the heat transfer tube 4A and the jacket 4B that exchange heat with the vessel 21 in order or in parallel, heat corresponding to the condensation heat is used for further concentration and drying of the workpiece W. Here, the heat transfer tube 4A exchanges heat from the inside of the evaporator 21, and the jacket 4B exchanges heat from the outside of the evaporator and from below in the vertical direction.

  In this drying apparatus 1, the workpiece W is agitated by the stirring blade 23 that circulates while abutting the inner wall 21 </ b> A of the evaporator 21, and is further scraped up and dropped to a height that exceeds the input height of the workpiece W. To do. Further, when the workpiece W is solidified due to the progress of concentration and drying, the stirring blade 23 scrapes off the solidified workpiece W so as not to remain attached to the inner wall 21 </ b> A of the evaporator 21. The workpiece W is mixed and homogenized by such action by the stirring blade 23.

  Here, the heat transfer tube 4A is provided on the rotating raceway surface of the stirring blade 23, and rotates around the stirring blade 23 and the axis C in common, so that the workpiece W scraped off by the stirring blade 23 is transferred to the heat transfer tube. Easy to contact 4A. Moreover, the heat transfer tube 4A deforms the workpiece W by sandwiching the solidified workpiece W between the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21 when circulating around the lower portion of the evaporator 21 (for example, the inner wall 21 </ b> A and the pressing portion 43. For this reason, it becomes the appearance that the to-be-processed object W is pressed between the said press part 43 and the inner wall 21A of the lower part of the evaporator 21, and the drying effect increases.

  In addition, since the lower part in the evaporator 21 is also a part that exchanges heat with the jacket 4B, the drying effect by the pressing is even higher. Due to the stirring and mixing of the workpiece W by the stirring blade 23 and the pressing of the workpiece W by the pressing portion 43 of the heat transfer tube 4A, the workpiece W that comes into contact with the heat transfer surfaces of the heat transfer tube 4A and the jacket 4B one after another. Will be updated. Therefore, according to this drying apparatus 1, it can stir efficiently also when the to-be-processed object W has solidified, and the contact of the to-be-processed object W to a heat-transfer surface arises efficiently.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the turning radius of the pressing portion 43 is in the range of 0.55 to 0.99 times the length of the vertical line that is lowered vertically from the axis to the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21. The efficiency with which the solidified workpiece W is pressed against the inner wall 21 </ b> A below the evaporator 21 by the pressing portion 43 is high.

  The dryer body 2 has a plurality of stirring blades 23 in the circumferential direction of the stirring blades 23, and the condenser 4 has a plurality of heat transfer tubes 4A in the circumferential direction of the heat transfer tubes 4A. Thereby, the stirring and mixing of the workpiece W by the stirring blade 23 and the pressing of the workpiece W by the pressing portion 43 of the heat transfer tube 4A can be performed more efficiently.

  The water vapor supplied from the external heat source 7 that supplements heat generally contains noncondensable gases (for example, oxygen and nitrogen) as impurities other than water. The noncondensable gases are transferred from the compressor 3. This prevents the water vapor that is generated from condensing in the evaporator 21. Therefore, when water vapor is supplied from the external heat source 7, the condensation of water vapor can be prevented by exhausting the non-condensable gas by the air vent 42 provided in the jacket 4B.

  Further, as the drying progresses, the amount of vapor in the evaporator 21 decreases, and in the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is observed that water vapor evaporated from the object to be processed is condensed on the inner wall of the evaporator. Although there was a case of delay, in the drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, solid matter does not adhere to the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21, the heat exchange area with the jacket 4B in contact with the evaporator 21 is large, The back surface of the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21 is thermally insulated, and the surface of the inner wall 21A is close to the circulating heat transfer tube 4A, so that the surface temperature of the inner wall 21A is maintained high. There is an advantage that the water vapor that is produced is not easily condensed in the evaporator 21.

  Further, in the concentration and drying using the conventional drying device, the time for continuous operation is limited because it is necessary to clean the inner wall of the evaporator at a predetermined frequency, but in the drying device 1 of the present embodiment, Since the stirring blade 23 circulates while abutting against the inner wall 21A, it also serves to clean the inner wall 21A. Therefore, continuous operation for a longer time (for example, continuous operation for 24 hours) is possible. The drying apparatus 1 may be operated in a semi-batch manner, and cleaning may be performed when a predetermined amount or more of solid matter is accumulated in the evaporator 21.

  According to the drying method using the drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the moisture content of the workpiece W can be reduced to 10% or less.

  The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  For example, regarding the arrangement of the heat transfer tubes 4 </ b> A in the above embodiment, among the eight heat transfer tubes 4 </ b> A arranged side by side radially outside the rotating body 5 in the heat transfer tube group H, the heat transfer tubes 4 </ b> A at both ends and the inner walls of the evaporator 21. The distance (referred to as “a”) from 21A differs from the distance (referred to as “b”) between the central heat transfer tube 4A and the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21 to be “a <b”. Can be arranged as follows. In this case, the solid matter of the workpiece W is not easily clogged in the heat transfer tube group H. Further, a scooping mechanism having a bowl shape may be attached to the rotating body 5 so as to be located immediately before and immediately after the circumferential direction of the heat transfer tube group H. This further prevents the heat transfer tube group H from being clogged with the solid matter of the workpiece W.

  Moreover, although the case where the evaporator 21 was a cylindrical shape was shown in the said embodiment, another shape may be sufficient. In this case, depending on the shape of the inner wall of the evaporator, a region where the stirring blade does not contact the inner wall may be included.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the stirring blade 23 showed the circumferential direction bipartite and the heat exchanger tube group H was provided in the position of the circumferential direction quadrangle, the other aspect may be sufficient. For example, from the viewpoint of the stability of the structure of the rotating body 5, it is preferable that the stirring blades 23 are provided at three circumferentially spaced positions.

  In the above embodiment, the heat transfer tube 4A and the stirring blade 23 are provided as separate bodies. However, the heat transfer tube 4A and the stirring blade 23 may be integrated in a range that does not interfere with each other. Moreover, the axial view shape of the rotary body 5 is not limited to a substantially octagonal shape, and may be other shapes such as a circular shape or a star shape.

  Moreover, although the aspect which has the one rotary body 5 was shown in the said embodiment, it is good also as a structure which has several rotary body 5. FIG. At this time, the plurality of axes are preferably parallel to each other in the design of the apparatus, and the cross-sectional shape of the evaporator is designed so that the stirring blades 23 abut against the inner wall of the evaporator.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the skeleton of the rotating body 5 is configured by the partition plate 53, the support plate 55A, and the like, and the first condenser is located away from the axis and constitutes a part of the rotating body 5. However, instead of this, the first condenser itself may be the main part of the rotating body, and the first condenser may include an axis. In this case, not the whole structure of the first condenser but a part functions as the pressing portion. In this case, the rotating body including the first condenser may have a hollow shape that allows water vapor to pass therethrough, such as a cylindrical shape or a star shape.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the mode which the jacket 4B contact | abuts so that the curved surface of the lower part of the evaporator 21 may be shown, it is good also as a mode which the jacket 4B covers the whole circumferential direction of the evaporator 21. FIG.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the heat exchanger tube 4A and the jacket 4B were mutually connected so that the water vapor | steam transferred from the compressor 3 might distribute | circulate in order (in series), the heat exchanger tube 4A and the jacket were shown. In 4B, for example, the pipe L2 may be branched and combined so that water vapor flows in parallel (in parallel).

  Moreover, the drying apparatus 1 may include an automatic discharge mechanism that automatically discharges the solid matter in the evaporator 21. In this case, the frequency of cleaning the inner wall 21A of the evaporator 21 is further reduced, and a continuous operation for a longer time is possible.

  The other embodiments described above can be combined as appropriate to constitute the embodiment of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drying apparatus, 2 ... Dryer main body, 3 ... Compressor, 4 ... Condenser, 4A ... Heat exchanger tube (1st condenser), 4B ... Jacket (2nd condenser), 7 ... External heat source, 21 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Evaporator, 21A ... Inner wall, 23 ... Stirring blade, 42 ... Air vent (exhaust means), 43 ... Pressing part, C ... Axis, W ... Workpiece, α ... Angle.

Claims (11)

An evaporator that accommodates an object to be treated, and a horizontal dryer main body that has a stirring blade that circulates around a substantially horizontal axis while being in contact with the inner wall of the evaporator accommodated in the evaporator;
A compressor for compressing water vapor transferred from the evaporator;
A condenser through which the water vapor compressed by the compressor flows and heat exchange with the evaporator,
The condenser is housed in the evaporator and is provided on at least the orbital surface of the stirring blade and circulates around the axis, and from the outside of the evaporator and at least vertically below. A second condenser for exchanging heat with the evaporator;
The stirring blade and the first condenser are provided at different positions with respect to the circumferential direction,
The first condenser and the second condenser are coupled so that the water vapor transferred from the compressor is passed in order or in parallel,
The first condenser has a pressing portion that can deform the solid matter by sandwiching the solid matter derived from the object to be processed between the inner wall and the inner wall when circling the lower portion in the evaporator. and,
The drying apparatus, wherein a ratio of a total heat transfer surface of the first condenser and the second condenser to an electric motor output of the compressor is 1.2 m ² / kW or more .   2. The drying device according to claim 1, wherein an orbital radius of the pressing portion is 0.55 to 0.99 times a length of a perpendicular line that extends downward from the axis line to the inner wall of the evaporator. The dryer main body has a plurality of the stirring blades in the circumferential direction of the stirring blades,
The drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the condenser has a plurality of the first condensers in a circulation direction of the first condenser. A drying method using the drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A housing step of housing the object to be processed in the evaporator;
A transfer step of driving the compressor after the containing step and transferring the water vapor in the evaporator to the condenser;
And a stirring step of rotating the stirring blade and the first condenser around the axis after the housing step. The object to be treated is at least one selected from drainage, leachate, turbid water, mud and associated water,
The amount of the object to be processed to be stored in the storing step is equal to the positions of the axis and the horizontal surfaces of the liquid to be processed in a cross section orthogonal to the axis when the dryer body is placed horizontally. The drying method according to claim 4 , wherein an angle formed by connecting points to the lower side in the vertical direction around the axis is set to 90 to 180 degrees. An evaporator that accommodates an object to be treated, and a horizontal dryer main body that has a stirring blade that circulates around a substantially horizontal axis while being in contact with the inner wall of the evaporator accommodated in the evaporator;
A compressor for compressing water vapor transferred from the evaporator;
A condenser through which the water vapor compressed by the compressor flows and heat exchange with the evaporator,
The condenser is housed in the evaporator and is provided on at least the orbital surface of the stirring blade and circulates around the axis, and from the outside of the evaporator and at least vertically below. A second condenser for exchanging heat with the evaporator;
The stirring blade and the first condenser are provided at different positions with respect to the circumferential direction,
The first condenser and the second condenser are coupled so that the water vapor transferred from the compressor is passed in order or in parallel,
The first condenser has a pressing portion that can deform the solid matter by sandwiching the solid matter derived from the object to be processed between the inner wall and the inner wall when circling the lower portion in the evaporator. And
An external heat source for supplying water vapor to the first condenser;
The compressor is connected to the first condenser so that the water vapor compressed by the compressor is transferred to the first condenser;
The drying apparatus, wherein the second condenser is provided with exhaust means for exhausting non-condensable gas in the water vapor passed from the first condenser. 7. The drying device according to claim 6, wherein a circumferential radius of the pressing portion is 0.55 to 0.99 times a length of a vertical line that is vertically lowered from the axis to the inner wall of the evaporator. The dryer main body has a plurality of the stirring blades in the circumferential direction of the stirring blades,
The drying apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the condenser includes a plurality of the first condensers in a circulation direction of the first condenser. The ratio of the total heat transfer surface of the first condenser and the second condenser to the motor output of the compressor is 1.2 m. ² The drying apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 8, which is at least / kW. A drying method using the drying apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
A housing step of housing the object to be processed in the evaporator;
A transfer step of driving the compressor after the containing step and transferring the water vapor in the evaporator to the condenser;
And a stirring step of rotating the stirring blade and the first condenser around the axis after the housing step. The object to be treated is at least one selected from drainage, leachate, turbid water, mud and associated water,
The amount of the object to be processed to be stored in the storing step is equal to the positions of the axis and the horizontal surfaces of the liquid to be processed in a cross section orthogonal to the axis when the dryer body is placed horizontally. The drying method according to claim 10, wherein an angle formed by connecting points to the lower side in the vertical direction around the axis is set to 90 ° to 180 °.

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