JP6443882B2 - Aerosol fire extinguisher composition. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an aerosol fire extinguisher composition capable of suppressing an extinguishing fire by generating an aerosol by combustion, and an aerosol generating automatic fire extinguishing apparatus using the same.

Common fire extinguishers and fire extinguishers are filled with fine powder as a fire extinguisher.
Such a fire extinguisher or fire extinguisher is a hydrogen radical that instantaneously generates radicals such as potassium radicals by diffusing a fire extinguisher in a fine powder state toward the flame during operation, and promotes a combustion reaction by the radicals. The basic function is to capture and extinguish oxygen radicals and hydroxyl radicals.
Fire extinguishers and fire extinguishers using such powder-based extinguishing agents are diffused in powder form, so that the container becomes bulky and needs to be a container that can withstand high pressure in order to be ejected instantaneously. turn into.

  In patent document 1, in order to implement | achieve a more compact fire extinguishing apparatus, the aerosol containing the potassium radical derived from an oxidizing agent is generated by using the explosive composition comprised from the fuel component dicyandiamide and the oxidizing agent component potassium nitrate. Making it possible.

  In Patent Document 2, there is a system in which potassium citrate is added as an oxidant. However, an oxidant is superior in oxidizing power to an inorganic compound, and an oxidation-reduction reaction that only promotes spontaneous combustion cannot occur. Realization is difficult.

RU2357778 C2 KR101209706 B1

  The present invention, when used as a fire extinguisher for a fire extinguisher, a fire extinguisher, etc., compared to the case where a powder-based fire extinguisher is used, the fire extinguisher, the fire extinguisher, etc. can be made more compact and lightweight. It is an object of the present invention to provide an agent composition and an aerosol generation automatic fire extinguishing apparatus using the composition.

The present invention comprises (A) 20-50% by mass of fuel and (B) 80-50% by mass of an inorganic oxidant,
Furthermore, (C) 7-1000 mass parts of organic carboxylic acid potassium salt is contained with respect to 100 mass parts of total amounts of (A) component and (B) component,
An aerosol fire extinguishing agent composition having a thermal decomposition start temperature in the range of more than 90 ° C. to 260 ° C. and an aerosol generating automatic fire extinguishing apparatus using the composition are provided.

The aerosol fire extinguisher composition of the present invention and the aerosol generating automatic fire extinguishing apparatus using the same are not used in the state of powder, but are automatically ignited and burned in response to heat from a fire, and have a fire extinguishing action. Aerosol can be generated.
For this reason, compared with the case where a powder-type fire extinguisher is used, a fire extinguisher, a fire extinguisher, etc. can be made more compact and lightweight.

Explanatory drawing of the test method of the confirmation test of the fire extinguishing performance using the aerosol fire extinguisher composition of this invention (combustion space volume is 5L, 20L, and 50L). Explanatory drawing of the test method of the confirmation test of the fire extinguishing performance using the aerosol fire extinguisher composition of this invention (combustion space volume is 80L, 600L, 2000L).

<Aerosol fire extinguisher composition>
The component (A) fuel is a component for generating aerosol (potassium radical) derived from the organic carboxylic acid potassium salt of the component (C) by generating thermal energy by combustion together with the inorganic oxidant of the component (B). is there.
(A) Component fuels include dicyandiamide, nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate, urea, melamine, melamine cyanurate, Avicel, guar gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose potassium, carboxymethylcellulose ammonium, nitrocellulose, aluminum, boron, magnesium, Those selected from magnalium, zirconium, titanium, titanium hydride, tungsten, and silicon are preferred.

The (B) component inorganic oxidant is a component for generating thermal energy by combustion with the fuel of the component (A) and generating aerosol (potassium radical) derived from the organic carboxylic acid potassium salt of the component (C). is there.
As the inorganic oxidizing agent of component (B), potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, strontium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, basic copper nitrate, copper oxide (I), copper oxide (II), iron oxide (II ), Iron (III) oxide, and molybdenum trioxide are preferred.

  The content ratio in the total amount of the component (A) component fuel and the component (B) inorganic oxidant is such that the component (A) is 20 to 50% by mass, preferably 25 to 40% by mass, more preferably 25 to 35% by mass. (B) component is 80-50 mass%, Preferably it is 75-60 mass%, More preferably, it is 75-65 mass%.

The (C) component organic carboxylic acid potassium salt is a component for generating an aerosol (potassium radical) by the thermal energy generated by the combustion of the (A) component and the (B) component.
(C) The organic carboxylic acid potassium salt of component (C) is potassium acetate, potassium propionate, monopotassium citrate, dipotassium citrate, tripotassium citrate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid monohydrogen monopotassium, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dihydrogen dipotassium Preferred is one selected from tri-potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tetrapotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium hydrogen phthalate, dipotassium phthalate, potassium hydrogen oxalate, and dipotassium oxalate.

  The content ratio of the component (C) is 7 to 1000 parts by mass, preferably 10 to 900 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the components (A) and (B).

The composition of the present invention has a thermal decomposition starting temperature in the range of more than 90 ° C to 260 ° C, preferably more than 150 ° C to 260 ° C. The thermal decomposition start temperature can be satisfied by combining the above-described components (A), (B), and (C) at the above-described ratio.
When the composition of the present invention satisfies the above-described thermal decomposition temperature range, the component (A) and the component (B) are automatically ignited by receiving heat at the time of fire without using an ignition device, for example. It can burn and extinguish by generating aerosol (potassium radical) derived from component (C).
Also, the flammable temperature of common wood as a combustible material in the room is 260 ° C, and it does not start below 90 ° C, which is the general operating temperature of the heat detector of automatic fire alarm equipment installed in a place where fire is handled. By setting the thermal decomposition temperature as a condition, it is possible to quickly extinguish the fire and prevent malfunction of the heat sensor. In particular, since the maximum set temperature of the heat sensor is 150 ° C., high versatility can be obtained by setting the lower limit of the thermal decomposition start temperature to over 150 ° C.

The form of the composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be a powder or a molded body having a desired shape.
The molded body can be a granule, a pellet having a desired shape (such as a cylindrical shape), a tablet, a sphere, or a disk.
The molded body preferably has an apparent density of 1.3 g / cm ³ or more.

<Automatic fire extinguishing device for aerosol generation>
The automatic fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention does not have an ignition means for igniting the fuel of component (A) and an ignition means such as a known initiator or detonator for igniting the fuel of component (A). It can be in any form of what it has.

An automatic fire extinguishing device that does not have ignition means can be one in which the composition of the present invention is contained in a flammable or non-flammable container.
As an automatic fire extinguisher, what is the form with which the composition of this invention was accommodated in the combustible container can throw in and use the said container with respect to a flame, for example.
As an automatic fire extinguishing apparatus, the one in which the composition of the present invention is housed in a non-combustible container is used, for example, with respect to an ignited substance during cooking (ignition of the contents of a pan, etc.) through the opening of the container. The composition can be sprinkled and used.

In addition, the automatic fire extinguishing apparatus of the present invention can be configured such that the composition of the present invention is housed in a container made of a material having good thermal conductivity (aluminum, copper, etc.) in order to detect a fire earlier. Further, the container may have a fin structure for increasing the surface area in order to enhance the heat collecting effect.
Since this automatic fire extinguishing device responds when a fire occurs due to an accidental fire, it can be used in the vicinity of various batteries, for example.

  An automatic fire extinguisher having an ignition means is a combination of the composition of the present invention serving as a fire extinguishing agent, a container containing the ignition means, a heat sensor for operating the ignition means by transmitting it to the ignition means, etc. Can be

Examples 1-3, 5, 7-12, Comparative Examples 1, 4
The components (A), (B) and (C) shown in Table 1 are sufficiently mixed in the blending ratio shown in Table 1 (as a dry matter not containing water), and the sum of the components (A), (B) and (C) Ion exchange water corresponding to 20 parts by mass was added to and mixed with 100 parts by mass of the amount.
The obtained water-and-moisture mixture was dried in a constant temperature bath at 110 ° C. for 16 hours to obtain a dried product having a moisture content of 1% by mass or less.
The dried product was crushed in an agate mortar and sized so as to have a particle size of 500 μm or less to obtain a pulverized product.
2.0 g of the pulverized product is filled into a predetermined die (mill) with an inner diameter of 9.6 mm, and after inserting a punch, the surface pressure is 220.5 MPa (2250 kg / cm ² ) with a hydraulic pump from both sides for 5 seconds. Pressurized to obtain a molded body of the composition of the present invention (apparent density is as shown in Table 1).

Examples 4 and 6, Comparative Examples 2 and 3
Components (A), (B) and (C) shown in Table 1 were sufficiently mixed in the blending ratio shown in Table 1 (as a dry product not containing water).
2.0 g of the obtained mixed product is filled into a predetermined die (mortar) having an inner diameter of 9.6 mm, and after inserting a scissors, the surface pressure is 220.5 MPa (2250 kg / cm ² ) with a hydraulic pump every 5 seconds. Pressure was applied from both sides to obtain a molded body of the composition of the present invention (apparent density is as shown in Table 1).

Examples 13, 14, 17, 18
A pulverized product (1.7 g) obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was filled into a predetermined die (mortar) having an inner diameter of 9.6 mm, and a surface pressure was 73.5 MPa (750 kg / cm ² ) with a hydraulic pump after inserting a ridge. ) For 5 seconds each to obtain a molded body of the composition of the present invention (apparent density as shown in Table 1).

Examples 15 and 16
A pulverized product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. This pulverized product was used as the composition of the present invention.

<Fire extinguishing test 1>
The test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.
An iron wire mesh 2 was placed on the support base 1, and the compositions (molded bodies) 6 of Examples and Comparative Examples were placed in the center. Examples 15 and 16 (pulverized products) were placed in the center of the wire mesh 2 in a state of being placed in an aluminum dish.
A transparent container (5 L, 20 L, or 50 L) made of heat-resistant glass was put on the wire mesh 2 and sealed except for the portion facing the wire mesh 2.
A dish 5 containing 100 ml of n-heptane as an igniter was placed directly under the composition 6 through the wire mesh 2.
In this state, n-heptane was ignited to generate a flame 7, and the composition 6 was heated to generate aerosol, and it was observed whether the flame 7 could be extinguished. The results are shown in Table 1.

<Fire extinguishing test 2>
The test was performed using the apparatus shown in FIG.
An iron wire mesh container 12 was placed on the support base 11, and the compositions (molded bodies) 16 of Examples and Comparative Examples were placed therein.
A dish 15 containing 100 ml of n-heptane as an igniting agent was placed directly under the composition 16 via the wire mesh 12.
These support 11, iron wire mesh container 12, and dish 15 were placed in a 13 metal chamber 13 (80 L, 600 L, 2000 L) having an observation window.
In this state, n-heptane was ignited to generate a flame 17, and the composition 16 was heated to generate aerosol to observe whether it could be extinguished from the observation window. The results are shown in Table 1.

In all the examples, the fire was extinguished instantaneously.
In the comparative example, the firepower temporarily decreased, but could not be extinguished.

  The aerosol fire-extinguishing composition of the present invention can be used as a fire-extinguishing agent when a fire occurs.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,11 Support stand 2,12 Wire net 3,13 Container 5,15 Ignition agent 6,16 Aerosol extinguishing agent composition 7,17 Flame

Claims (4)

(A) 20-50 mass% and (B ) 80-50 mass% are contained in 100 mass% of total mass of a fuel and (B) inorganic oxidizing agent ,
Furthermore, (C) 7-1000 mass parts of organic carboxylic acid potassium salt is contained with respect to 100 mass parts of total amounts of (A) component and (B) component,
The (B) inorganic oxidizing agent is selected from potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and potassium perchlorate,
The organic carboxylic acid potassium salt is potassium acetate, potassium propionate, monopotassium citrate, dipotassium citrate, tripotassium citrate, monopotassium trihydrogenethylenediaminetetraacetate, dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Selected from tripotassium hydrogen, tetrapotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium hydrogen phthalate, dipotassium phthalate, potassium hydrogen oxalate, dipotassium oxalate,
An aerosol fire extinguisher composition having a thermal decomposition start temperature in the range of more than 90 ° C to 260 ° C.   The fuel is dicyandiamide, nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate, urea, melamine, melamine cyanurate, Avicel, guar gum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose potassium, carboxymethylcellulose ammonium, nitrocellulose, aluminum, boron, magnesium, magnalium, zirconium, titanium The aerosol fire-extinguishing composition according to claim 1, selected from titanium hydride, tungsten, and silicon. Apparent density is the 1.3 g / cm ³ or more, according to claim 1 or 2 fire-extinguishing aerosol composition according. The aerosol generation automatic fire extinguishing apparatus using the aerosol generation fire extinguisher composition of any one of Claims 1-3 .

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