JP6439259B2 - Yellow toner, image forming apparatus, image forming method, and process cartridge - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a yellow toner used for image formation using a so-called electrophotographic method such as an electrostatic copying machine and a laser beam printer, and an image forming apparatus, an image forming method, and a process cartridge using the yellow toner. About.

  Conventionally, in an electrophotographic apparatus, an electrostatic recording apparatus or the like, an electric latent image or a magnetic latent image has been visualized with toner. For example, in electrophotography, an electrostatic charge image latent image is formed on a photosensitive member, and then the electrostatic charge image latent image is developed with toner to form a toner image. The toner image is usually transferred onto a transfer material such as paper and then fixed by a method such as heating.

  A polymerization method is known as a method for producing a toner used for developing an electrostatic image. This polymerization method is a highly promising production method because it makes it easy to make the toner particles small in size and at the same time make the particle size distribution relatively sharp and greatly contributes to high image quality. In the polymerization method, recently, a polyester resin has been used as a binder resin for the purpose of improving low-temperature fixability and hot offset resistance. In particular, research is being conducted on a method for producing a toner by the polymerization method by using, for a polyester resin containing an isocyanate group, an amine that is polymerized with the polyester resin by an elongation reaction, a crosslinking reaction, or the like.

  Incidentally, in electrophotography, there is a demand for higher image quality of full-color images. For high image quality, it is necessary that each toner has a wide color reproducibility. Therefore, a toner capable of forming an image with a high degree of coloring is desired.

However, the colorant for yellow toner necessary for forming a full-color image has many problems, and a sufficiently satisfactory yellow toner has not been obtained.
For example, a yellow toner using a disazo pigment and an isoindoline pigment at a specific mixing ratio is disclosed for the purpose of providing a toner having excellent color developability and chargeability without uneven distribution of colorants. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  However, in the disclosed technique, when a polyester resin is used as a binder resin and a toner is manufactured by a polymerization method using an amine compound, a yellow toner having a sufficient degree of coloring cannot be obtained, and there is room for improvement. It was.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and achieve the following objects. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a yellow toner that is effective when a toner is produced by a polymerization method using a polyester resin as a binder resin and that can obtain a sufficient coloring degree.

Means for solving the problems are as follows. That is, the yellow toner of the present invention is a toner containing at least a binder resin containing a polyester resin, a release agent, and two or more colorants,
Of the two or more types of colorants, one type is composed of a colorant having at least a nitrile group, and the other type is composed of a colorant having no nitrile group, and has the nitrile group. The yellow toner is characterized in that the content of the colorant is 1.0% by mass or more and less than 5.0% by mass with respect to all the colorants.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, achieve the above-mentioned object, and is a yellow toner effective when a toner is produced by a polymerization method using a polyester resin as a binder resin, It is possible to provide a yellow toner capable of obtaining a sufficient coloring degree.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an image forming apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of the process cartridge of the present invention.

(Yellow toner)
The yellow toner of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as “toner”) contains at least a binder resin containing a polyester resin, a release agent, and two or more colorants, and further contains other components as necessary. Containing.
As other components, a fixing assistant for fixing property, a releasing agent for enhancing releasability, an external additive or a charge control agent for assisting fluidity, developability, charging property, etc. Good.

<Binder resin>
The binder resin contains at least a polyester resin, and may further contain other resins as necessary.
Examples of the polyester resin include ring-opening polymers of lactones, polycondensates of hydroxycarboxylic acids, polycondensates of polyols and polycarboxylic acids, and polyols and polycarboxylic acids from the viewpoint of design freedom. The polycondensate is preferred.

-Polyol-
Examples of the polyol include a diol and a trivalent or higher polyol, and the diol alone or a mixture of the diol and a small amount of the trivalent or higher polyol is preferable.
Examples of the diol include alkylene glycol, alkylene ether glycol, alicyclic diol, bisphenols, alkylene oxide adducts of the alicyclic diol, 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls, bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes, Examples thereof include bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethers and alkylene oxide adducts of the bisphenols.
Examples of the alkylene glycol include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and the like.
Examples of the alkylene ether glycol include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polytetramethylene ether glycol.
Examples of the alicyclic diol include 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and hydrogenated bisphenol A.

Examples of the bisphenols include bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and bisphenol S.
Examples of the alkylene oxide adduct of the alicyclic diol include adducts of the alicyclic diol such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.
Examples of the 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls include 3,3′-difluoro-4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl.
Examples of the bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes include bis (3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, 1-phenyl-1,1-bis (3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, and 2,2. -Bis (3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3,5-difluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane (also known as: tetrafluorobisphenol A), 2,2-bis (3-hydroxy Phenyl) -1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and the like.
Examples of the bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethers include bis (3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl) ether.
Examples of the alkylene oxide adduct of the bisphenols include adducts of the bisphenols such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.

Of these, alkylene glycols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and alkylene oxide adducts of bisphenols are more preferable. It is particularly preferable to use an alkylene glycol having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkylene oxide adduct of bisphenols in combination.
Examples of the trivalent or higher polyol include 3 to 8 or higher polyvalent aliphatic alcohols, trivalent or higher phenols, and alkylene oxide adducts of trivalent or higher polyphenols.
Examples of the polyhydric aliphatic alcohol include glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol and the like.
Examples of the phenols include trisphenol PA, phenol novolak, and cresol novolak.

-Polycarboxylic acid-
Examples of the polycarboxylic acid include a dicarboxylic acid and a trivalent or higher polycarboxylic acid, and the dicarboxylic acid alone or a mixture of the dicarboxylic acid and a small amount of the trivalent or higher polycarboxylic acid is preferable.
Examples of the dicarboxylic acid include alkylene dicarboxylic acid, alkenylene dicarboxylic acid, aromatic dicarboxylic acid, 3-fluoroisophthalic acid, 2-fluoroisophthalic acid, 2-fluoroterephthalic acid, 2,4,5,6-tetrafluoroisophthalic acid. Acid, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalic acid, 5-trifluoromethylisophthalic acid, 2,2-bis (4-carboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane, 2,2-bis (3-carboxyphenyl) hexa Fluoropropane, 2,2'-bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 3,3'-bis (trifluoromethyl) -4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 2,2'- Bis (trifluoromethyl) -3,3′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, hexafluoroisopropylide Such diphthalic acid anhydride.
Examples of the alkylene dicarboxylic acid include succinic acid, adipic acid, and sebacic acid.
Examples of the alkenylene dicarboxylic acid include maleic acid and fumaric acid.
Examples of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid.

Among these, the alkenylene dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and the aromatic dicarboxylic acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms are more preferable.
Examples of the trivalent or higher polycarboxylic acid include aromatic polycarboxylic acids having 9 to 20 carbon atoms such as trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid.
The polycarboxylic acid may be reacted with the polyol using an acid anhydride as described above or a lower alkyl ester such as methyl ester, ethyl ester or isopropyl ester.
The ratio of the polyol and the polycarboxylic acid is preferably 2/1 to 1/2 as an equivalent ratio [OH] / [COOH] of the hydroxyl group [OH] and the carboxyl group [COOH], and 1.5 / 1 to 1 /1.5 is more preferable, and 1.3 / 1 to 1 / 1.3 is particularly preferable.

The acid value of the binder resin is preferably 10 mgKOH / g to 24 mgKOH / g.
When the acid value exceeds 24 mgKOH / g, the transition to the aqueous phase is likely to occur, and as a result, a loss in the material balance may occur during the toner production process, or the dispersion stability of the oil droplets may deteriorate. In addition, the moisture adsorption property of the toner is increased, the charging ability is likely to be lowered, and the storage property in a high temperature and high humidity environment may be deteriorated. On the other hand, when the acid value is less than 10 mgKOH / g, the binder resin has a low polarity, and thus it may be difficult to uniformly disperse the colorant having a certain degree of polarity in the oil droplets.

-Modified resin-
For the purpose of increasing the mechanical strength of the resin or preventing high-temperature offset during fixing, a modified resin having a reactive functional group at the terminal or side chain of the resin may be used.
Specifically, a modified resin of a polyester resin having an isocyanate group at the resin terminal is used and reacted with an active hydrogen group-containing compound (in the present invention, an amine compound described below) in the toner production process. The polyester resin is made to have a high molecular weight.
As a method for obtaining a modified resin, a method for obtaining a resin having an isocyanate group by polymerizing with an isocyanate-containing monomer, a method for obtaining a resin having an active hydrogen at the terminal, and then reacting with a polyisocyanate. Although the method of introduce | transducing an isocyanate group into a polymer terminal etc. is mentioned, The latter method is preferably employ | adopted from controllability of introducing an isocyanate group into a terminal.

  Examples of the active hydrogen group include hydroxyl groups (alcoholic hydroxyl groups and phenolic hydroxyl groups), amino groups, carboxyl groups, mercapto groups, and the like, among which alcoholic hydroxyl groups are preferred. In order to obtain a modified polyester resin, as a method of obtaining a resin having an alcoholic hydroxyl group at the terminal of the polyester, in the polycondensation of a polyol and a polycarboxylic acid, the number of functional groups of the polyol is made larger than the number of functional groups of the polycarboxylic acid. A polycondensation reaction may be performed.

--Amine compound--
In the present invention, an amine compound is used as the active hydrogen group-containing compound. The amine compound acts as an extender or a crosslinking agent when it undergoes an extension reaction, a crosslinking reaction or the like in the aqueous medium with the modified resin having the isocyanate group.
The isocyanate group of the modified resin is hydrolyzed and partly becomes an amino group in the process of dispersing the oil phase in the aqueous phase to obtain particles in the suspension polymerization method described later. The produced amino group reacts with the unreacted isocyanate group, and the extension reaction proceeds. However, in addition to this reaction, an amine compound is preferably used in combination for the purpose of reliably generating an extension reaction or introducing a crosslinking point.

Examples of the amine compound include diamine, trivalent or higher polyamine, amino alcohol, amino mercaptan, amino acid, and those obtained by blocking these amino groups.
Examples of the diamine include aromatic diamines, alicyclic diamines, and aliphatic diamines.
Examples of the aromatic diamine include phenylenediamine, diethyltoluenediamine, 4,4′diaminodiphenylmethane, tetrafluoro-p-xylylenediamine, and tetrafluoro-p-phenylenediamine.
Examples of the alicyclic diamine include 4,4′-diamino-3,3′dimethyldicyclohexylmethane, diaminecyclohexane, and isophoronediamine.
Examples of the aliphatic diamine include ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, dodecafluorohexylenediamine, and tetracosafluorododecylenediamine.

Examples of the trivalent or higher polyamine include diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine.
Examples of the amino alcohol include ethanolamine and hydroxyethylaniline.
Examples of the amino mercaptan include aminoethyl mercaptan and aminopropyl mercaptan.
Examples of the amino acid include aminopropionic acid and aminocaproic acid.
Examples of the blocked amino groups include the diamine, the triamine or higher polyamine, the amino alcohol, the amino mercaptan, and any of the amino acids and ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone). And the like, and ketimine compounds and oxazoline compounds obtained from the above.
Of the amine compounds, the diamine or a mixture of the diamine and a small amount of the trivalent or higher polyamine is more preferable.

  The content ratio of the amine compound is such that the number of amino groups [NHx] in the amine compound is preferably not more than 4 times the number of isocyanate groups [NCO] in the modified resin having an isocyanate group, more preferably not more than 2 times. 1.5 times or less is even more preferable, and 1.2 times or less is particularly preferable. When it exceeds 4 times, the excess amino group blocks the isocyanate and the extension reaction of the modified resin does not occur, so the molecular weight of the polyester resin is lowered and the hot offset resistance may be deteriorated.

-Chemical modification of resin-
In the present invention, the end of the polyester resin may be chemically modified.
Specifically, the hydroxyl group in the polyester resin is chemically modified with a deactivator. As a result, a toner with improved storability can be obtained.
The deactivator is not particularly limited as long as it forms a chemical bond with a hydroxyl group, and the hydroxyl group may be etherified, alkene dehydrated, oxidized to a carbonyl compound, or amide formed.
In order to prevent unnecessary coloration due to oxidation or the like on the polyester resin, deactivation by amide formation is desirable.

Examples of the deactivator capable of forming an amide include aliphatic amines such as ethylamine, propylamine, isopropyl normal butylamine, isobutylamine and tertiary butylamine, phenyl such as aniline, benzylamine, toluidine, trimethylaniline and cumylamine. And amines having a group.
Among these, the amine having the phenyl group is preferable in order to exhibit hydrophobicity. From the viewpoint of reactivity, the phenyl group and the amino group are more preferable than the amine having the phenyl group in which the phenyl group and the amino group are directly bonded. Are more preferably amines having the above phenyl group linked by a fatty chain.

-Fixing aid-
The binder resin may contain a crystalline polyester as a fixing aid in order to improve low-temperature fixability.
Crystalline polyester is also obtained as a polycondensate of the above-described polyol and polycarboxylic acid, and the polyol is preferably an aliphatic diol.
Specifically, the polyol includes ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1, Examples thereof include 7-heptanediol, 1,8-octanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butenediol. Among these, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and 1,8-octanediol are more preferable, and 1,6-hexanediol is particularly preferable.
Examples of the polycarboxylic acid include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid, and aliphatic carboxylic acids having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Acid is more preferred.

<Colorant>
The colorant includes two or more kinds of colorants.
The two or more colorants are not particularly limited, and known yellow pigments and yellow dyes can be used as long as they exhibit a yellow color.
Of the two or more types of colorants, one type is a colorant having at least a nitrile group, and the other type is a colorant having no nitrile group.
Content with respect to all the coloring agents of the coloring agent which has the said nitrile group is 1.0 mass% or more and less than 5.0 mass%.

When the present inventors use a polyester resin as a binder resin and try to produce a toner by a polymerization method using an amine compound, the pigment is discolored due to a chemical change with the amine compound, causing a change in coloration degree. I understood.
Therefore, when the total amount of the colorant having a nitrile group that is preferentially attacked by the amine compound and the mass ratio of the colorant having no nitrile group were used at 1: 99-5: 95, a large amount was obtained. We have found that many pigments are not discolored. This is because the colorant having no nitrile group is less likely to be attacked by the amine compound, and the colorant having the nitrile group is preferentially attacked. Ordinary pigments have low alkali resistance and easily discolor. If there is a nitrile group, it is generally susceptible to attack and discoloration, but if it is less than a certain percentage, the other pigment will function as a shield when attacked by alkali to prevent overall color loss I think I can do it.

  Examples of the colorant having a nitrile group include isoindoline yellow and diketopyrrolopyrrole orange. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the colorant having no nitrile group include Hansa Yellow G, Hansa Brilliant Yellow 5GX, Anthrapyrimidine Yellow, Benzimidazolone Yellow H2G, Diarylide Yellow GRY, Bismuth Yellow, and Cadmium Yellow. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The total colorant of the colorant having the nitrile group (in the present invention, the total colorant is intended only for the colorant of yellow toner, not including other colorants of cyan and magenta) Content) is preferably 1.0% by mass or more and less than 5.0% by mass, more preferably 2.0% by mass or more and less than 4.0% by mass, and more preferably 2.5% by mass or more and less than 3.5% by mass. Is particularly preferred.
If it is less than 1.0% by mass, the nitrile group is not easily attacked by the amine, and is also attacked by the colorant having no nitrile group, which is not desirable because the coloring degree of the toner is lowered. If it is 5.0% by mass or more, the proportion of the pigment that changes color increases, which is also undesirable because the degree of coloration also decreases.
In the present invention, the balance of the mixing ratio of the colorant having a nitrile group and the colorant having no nitrile group is balanced, so that the toner polymerization method using an amine compound has less discoloration and is desired. Thus, a yellow toner having a coloration degree of 5 can be obtained.
The colorant may be used as long as it can produce a target color after fixing as a toner and does not impair the fixability, storage stability, and granulation property. The content of the colorant in the yellow toner is 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. In contrast, 5 to 8 parts by mass of a yellow colorant may be mixed. By making it within the predetermined amount, a desired color can be obtained, which is preferable from the viewpoint of granulation.

<< Colorant masterbatch >>
The colorant can also be contained in the toner as a master batch combined with a resin.
As the binder resin to be kneaded together with the production of the master batch or the master batch, the polyester resin and the modified resin described above can be used.
In addition, styrene and its substituted polymers, styrene copolymers, polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, epoxy resin, epoxy polyol resin, polyurethane, Examples include polyamide, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid resin, rosin, modified rosin, terpene resin, aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, chlorinated paraffin, and paraffin wax. These can be used alone or in combination.
Examples of the styrene and substituted polymers thereof include polystyrene, poly p-chlorostyrene, and polyvinyltoluene.
Examples of the styrene copolymer include a styrene-p-chlorostyrene copolymer, a styrene-propylene copolymer, a styrene-vinyltoluene copolymer, a styrene-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, and a styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer. Styrene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-octyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-methacrylic acid Butyl copolymer, styrene-α-chloromethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ketone copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile -Indene copolymer, styrene Maleic acid copolymer, styrene - like maleic acid ester copolymer.

  The master batch can be obtained by mixing and kneading the above-described resin for the master batch and the colorant under high shearing force. At this time, an organic solvent can be used to enhance the interaction between the colorant and the resin. There is also a so-called flushing method, a method of mixing and kneading an aqueous paste containing water of a colorant together with a resin and an organic solvent, transferring the colorant to the resin side, and removing moisture and organic solvent components. Since it can be used as it is, it does not need to be dried and is preferably used. For mixing and kneading, a high shearing dispersion device such as a three-roll mill is preferably used.

<Release agent>
As the release agent, a material such as wax or silicone oil, which has a sufficiently low viscosity when heated in the fixing process and is difficult to be compatible with or swelled with the other materials of the toner particles on the surface of the fixing member is used. The Considering the storage stability of the toner particles themselves, it is preferable to use a wax that exists as a solid in the toner particles during normal storage.
Examples of the wax include long-chain hydrocarbons and carbonyl group-containing waxes.
Examples of the long chain hydrocarbon include polyolefin wax, petroleum wax, and Fischer-Tropsch wax.
Examples of the polyolefin wax include polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax.

Examples of the petroleum-based wax include paraffin wax, sazol wax, and microcrystalline wax.
Examples of the carbonyl group-containing wax include polyalkanoic acid amides, polyalkanol esters, polyalkanoic acid amides such as ethylenediamine dibehenyl amide, polyalkylamides such as trimellitic acid tristearyl amide, and dialkyl ketones such as distearyl ketone. Is mentioned.
Examples of the polyalkanoic acid ester include carnauba wax, montan wax, trimethylolpropane tribehenate, pentaerythritol tetrabehenate, pentaerythritol diacetate dibehenate, glycerin tribehenate, 1,18- Examples include octadecane diol distearate.
Examples of the polyalkanol ester include tristearyl trimellitic acid and distearyl maleate.
Among these, the long-chain hydrocarbon having particularly good releasability is preferable. Furthermore, when a long chain hydrocarbon is used as a release agent, a carbonyl group-containing wax may be used in combination.
The content of the release agent is preferably 2% by mass to 25% by mass in the toner particles, more preferably 3% by mass to 20% by mass, and particularly preferably 4% by mass to 15% by mass. When it is 2% by mass or more, the effect of improving the fixing releasability is exhibited, and when it is 25% by mass or less, the mechanical strength of the toner particles may be increased.

<Other ingredients>
<< External additive >>
As the external additive, known inorganic fine particles and polymer fine particles can be used.
The primary particle diameter of the external additive is preferably 5 nm to 2 μm, and more preferably 5 nm to 500 nm.
In addition, the specific surface area by the BET ^method, 20m ² / ^g~500m 2 / g are preferred.
The content of the external additive is preferably 0.01% by mass to 5% by mass of the toner, and more preferably 0.01% by mass to 2.0% by mass.
Examples of the inorganic fine particles include silica, alumina titanium oxide, barium titanate, magnesium titanate, calcium titanate, strontium titanate, zinc oxide, tin oxide, silica sand, clay, mica, wollastonite, diatomaceous earth, Examples thereof include chromium oxide, cerium oxide, pengala, antimony trioxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, barium sulfate, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, silicon carbide, and silicon nitride.
Examples of the polymer fine particles include polystyrene obtained by any of soap-free emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, and dispersion polymerization, a copolymer of methacrylic acid ester and acrylic acid ester, silicone, benzoguanamine, and nylon (registered trademark). ) And the like, and polymer particles made of a thermosetting resin.
Further, as an external additive, a surface treatment agent that can be surface-treated to increase hydrophobicity and prevent deterioration of flow characteristics and charging characteristics even under high humidity can be used. Examples of the surface treatment agent include a silane coupling agent, a silylating agent, a silane coupling agent having a fluorinated alkyl group, an organic titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, silicone oil, and modified silicone oil. Can be mentioned.

<< Charge Control Agent >>
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said charge control agent, According to the objective, it can select suitably, A well-known thing can be used. For example, nigrosine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, chromium-containing metal complex dyes, molybdate chelate pigments, rhodamine dyes, alkoxy amines, quaternary ammonium salts (including fluorine-modified quaternary ammonium salts), alkylamides, phosphorus Simple substance or compound, tungsten simple substance or compound, fluorine-based activator, salicylic acid metal salt, salicylic acid derivative metal salt, calixarene, and the like. More specifically, the nigrosine dye Bontron 03, the quaternary ammonium salt Bontron P-51, the metal-containing azo dye Bontron S-34, the oxynaphthoic acid metal complex E-82, and the salicylic acid metal complex E-84, E-108, E-304 (manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), quaternary ammonium salt molybdenum complex TP-302, TP-415 (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.), quaternary Copy charge PSY VP2038 of ammonium salt, copy blue PR of triphenylmethane derivative, copy charge of quaternary ammonium salt NEG VP2036, copy charge NX VP434 (above, manufactured by Hoechst), LRA-901, LR- which is a boron complex 147 (Nippon Carlit), copper phthalocyanine, perylene, quinacridone Azo pigments, sulfonate group, a carboxyl group, and the like and polymeric compounds having a functional group such as a quaternary ammonium salt.

<Toner production method>
The yellow toner of the present invention suspends at least a droplet of an oil phase containing a binder resin containing a polyester resin having a group that reacts with an amine compound, a release agent, an amine compound, and two or more colorants. It can be produced by granulating from an aqueous medium suspension.
A preferred embodiment of the method for producing a yellow toner of the present invention includes an oil phase preparation step, a toner particle preparation step, and a solvent removal / washing / drying step.
The oil phase preparation step can be performed by dissolving or dispersing a toner material containing at least the binder resin, the release agent, the amine compound, and the colorant in an organic solvent.
The toner particle preparation step can be performed by dispersing the oil phase containing the toner material in the aqueous medium to emulsify or disperse the toner material to prepare toner particle core particles.
In the solvent removal / washing / drying step, solvent removal treatment, washing treatment, and drying treatment are appropriately performed from the core particles of the toner particles as necessary.

<< Oil phase preparation process >>
The oil phase preparation step is to prepare an oil phase by dissolving or dispersing a toner material containing at least the binder resin, the release agent, the amine compound, and the colorant in an organic solvent. It is a process.
As a method for preparing an oil phase in which a toner material having at least the binder resin, the release agent, the amine compound, and the colorant is dissolved or dispersed in the organic solvent, stirring is performed in the organic solvent. The toner material may be gradually added while being dissolved, or dissolved or dispersed. However, when using a pigment as a colorant or adding a material that is difficult to dissolve in an organic solvent, such as a release agent or a charge control agent, the particles should be made smaller prior to addition to the organic solvent. It is preferable. The masterbatch of the colorant as described above is one of the means, and the same method can be applied to the release agent and the charge control agent.
As another method, if it is necessary to disperse a material that melts below the boiling point of the organic solvent, a dispersion aid is added in the organic solvent as necessary, and the mixture is heated while stirring with the dispersoid. After dissolution, the toner material may be dispersed by a method in which crystallization is performed by cooling with stirring or shearing to produce fine crystals of dispersoids.

The colorant, release agent, and charge control agent dispersed using the above method may be further dispersed after being dissolved or dispersed together with the resin in an organic solvent. For dispersion, a known disperser such as a bead mill or a disk mill can be used.
As the organic solvent, it is preferable to use a volatile solvent having a boiling point of less than 100 ° C. from the viewpoint of easy removal of the solvent later. Examples of such organic solvents include toluene, xylene, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, chloroform, monochlorobenzene, dichloroethylidene, methyl acetate, Examples include ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
In the present invention, since a polyester resin is used as the binder resin, as the organic solvent, ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate or ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone are soluble. Is preferable because it is high. Of these, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and methyl ethyl ketone, which have high solvent removability, are particularly preferable.

<< Toner particle preparation process >>
In the toner particle production step, an oil phase containing the toner material is dispersed in the aqueous medium, whereby the toner material is emulsified or dispersed to produce core particles of the toner particles.
In the aqueous medium, the oil phase obtained in the above-mentioned step is dispersed, and a method for producing a dispersion liquid in which toner particles composed of the oil phase are dispersed is not particularly limited. It can carry out using well-known facilities, such as a high-speed shearing type, a friction type, a high-pressure jet type, and an ultrasonic wave.
In order to make the particle size of the dispersion 2 μm to 20 μm, a high-speed shearing method is preferable. When a high-speed shearing disperser is used, the rotation speed is not particularly limited, but is usually 1,000 rpm to 30,000 rpm, preferably 5,000 rpm to 20,000 rpm. The dispersion time is not particularly limited, but in the case of a batch method, it is usually 0.1 minutes to 5 minutes. If the dispersion is performed for more than 5 minutes, particles having an undesirably small diameter may remain, or the dispersion may be overdispersed, resulting in instability of the system and generation of aggregates and coarse particles. It is not preferable. As temperature at the time of dispersion | distribution, it is 0 to 40 degreeC normally, Preferably it is 10 to 30 degreeC. If it exceeds 40 ° C., the molecular motion becomes active, so that the dispersion stability is lowered and aggregates and coarse particles are easily generated, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the temperature is less than 0 ° C., the viscosity of the dispersion increases, and the shear energy required for dispersion increases, so that the production efficiency decreases.

  The aqueous medium can contain resin fine particles as necessary.

In addition, a surfactant is used to produce droplets by dispersing the oil phase in an aqueous medium.
Examples of the surfactant include anionic surfactants such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, and phosphate esters, alkylamine salts, amino alcohol fatty acid derivatives, polyamine fatty acid derivatives, and amine salts such as imidazoline. Type, quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactants such as alkyltrimethylammonium salt, dialkyldimethylammonium salt, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salt, pyridinium salt, alkylisoquinolinium salt, benzethonium chloride, fatty acid amide derivatives, many Nonionic surfactants such as monohydric alcohol derivatives are listed. Examples thereof include amphoteric surfactants such as alanine, dodecyl di (aminoethyl) glycine, di (octylaminoethyl) glycine, N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammonium betaine.
The surfactant is preferably a disulfonate having a high HLB in order to efficiently disperse oil droplets containing a solvent.

The concentration of the surfactant in the aqueous medium is preferably 1% by mass to 10% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass to 8% by mass, and particularly preferably 3% by mass to 7% by mass. If it exceeds 10% by mass, the oil droplets will be too small, or a reverse micelle structure will be formed, and the dispersion stability will be lowered, resulting in the coarsening of the oil droplets. On the other hand, if it is less than 1% by mass, the oil droplets cannot be stably dispersed and the oil droplets become coarse, which is not preferable.
The aqueous medium may be one in which resin fine particles are dispersed in water to which a surfactant is added, but a solvent miscible with water may be used in combination. Examples of miscible solvents include alcohols (methanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, etc.), lower ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.) and the like.

<< Desolvation, washing, drying process >>
In the solvent removal / washing / drying step, solvent removal treatment, washing treatment, and drying treatment are appropriately performed from the core particles of the toner particles as necessary.
When it is necessary to remove the organic solvent from the toner particles, a solvent removal treatment is appropriately performed. Thereafter, the toner particles are subjected to a cleaning process as necessary.
Since the washed toner particles are embracing a large amount of an aqueous medium, a drying process is appropriately performed as necessary, and only the toner particles can be obtained by removing the aqueous medium.
Drying methods such as spray dryers, vacuum freeze dryers, vacuum dryers, stationary shelf dryers, mobile shelf dryers, fluidized tank dryers, rotary dryers, and agitation dryers are used as drying methods. be able to. The dried toner particles are preferably dried until the water content finally becomes less than 1%. In addition, if the toner particles after drying are softly agglomerated and inconvenience occurs during use, use a device such as a jet mill, a Henschel mixer, a super mixer, a coffee mill, an auster blender, or a food processor. Crushing may be performed to loosen the soft agglomeration.

(Image forming apparatus and image forming method)
The image forming apparatus of the present invention includes at least an electrostatic latent image carrier, an electrostatic latent image forming unit, and a developing unit, and further includes other units as necessary.
The image forming method according to the present invention includes at least an electrostatic latent image forming step and a developing step, and further includes other steps as necessary.
The image forming method can be preferably performed by the image forming apparatus, the electrostatic latent image forming step can be preferably performed by the electrostatic latent image forming unit, and the developing step can be performed by the developing unit. The other steps can be preferably performed by the other means.

<Electrostatic latent image carrier>
The material, structure, and size of the electrostatic latent image carrier are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected from known materials. Examples of the material include inorganic photoreceptors such as amorphous silicon and selenium. And organic photoreceptors such as polysilane and phthalopolymethine. Among these, amorphous silicon is preferable in terms of long life.

  As the amorphous silicon photoreceptor, for example, a support is heated to 50 ° C. to 400 ° C., and a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, thermal CVD (chemical vapor deposition, Chemical Vapor Deposition) is formed on the support. ), A photo-CVD method, a plasma CVD method, or the like, a photoconductor having a photoconductive layer made of a-Si can be used. Among these, a plasma CVD method, that is, a method in which a source gas is decomposed by direct current, high frequency or microwave glow discharge to form an a-Si deposited film on a support is preferable.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a shape of the said electrostatic latent image carrier, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, A cylindrical shape is preferable. The outer diameter of the cylindrical electrostatic latent image carrier is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 3 mm to 100 mm, more preferably 5 mm to 50 mm, and more preferably 10 mm to 30 mm. Particularly preferred.

<Electrostatic latent image forming means and electrostatic latent image forming step>
The electrostatic latent image forming means is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image carrier, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples thereof include at least a charging member that charges the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier and an exposure member that exposes the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier imagewise.
The electrostatic latent image forming step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image carrier, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. After the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier is charged, the imagewise exposure can be performed, and the electrostatic latent image forming unit can be used.

<< Charging member and charging >>
The charging member is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, a known contact charger including a conductive or semiconductive roller, brush, film, rubber blade, etc. And non-contact chargers utilizing corona discharge such as corotron and scorotron.
The charging can be performed, for example, by applying a voltage to the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier using the charging member.

The shape of the charging member may take any form such as a magnetic brush or a fur brush in addition to a roller, and can be selected according to the specifications and form of the image forming apparatus.
The charging member is not limited to the contact-type charging member, but it is preferable to use a contact-type charging member because an image forming apparatus in which ozone generated from the charging member is reduced can be obtained.

<< Exposure member and exposure >>
The exposure member is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, as long as the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier charged by the charging member can be exposed like an image to be formed. Examples thereof include various exposure members such as a copying optical system, a rod lens array system, a laser optical system, and a liquid crystal shutter optical system.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a light source used for the said exposure member, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a fluorescent lamp, a tungsten lamp, a halogen lamp, a mercury lamp, a sodium lamp, a light emitting diode (LED), a semiconductor laser General light emitting materials such as (LD) and electroluminescence (EL).
In addition, various types of filters such as a sharp cut filter, a band pass filter, a near infrared cut filter, a dichroic filter, an interference filter, and a color temperature conversion filter can be used to irradiate only light in a desired wavelength range.
The exposure can be performed, for example, by exposing the surface of the latent electrostatic image bearing member imagewise using the exposure member.
In the present invention, a back light system in which imagewise exposure is performed from the back side of the electrostatic latent image carrier may be employed.

<Developing means and development process>
The developing unit is not particularly limited as long as it is a developing unit including toner that develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier to form a visible toner image. Can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
The developing step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier using toner to form a visible toner image. Depending on the purpose, it can be selected as appropriate. For example, it can be carried out by the developing means.

The developing means may be of a dry development type or a wet development type. Further, it may be a single color developing means or a multicolor developing means.
The developing means includes a stirrer for charging the toner by frictional stirring and a magnetic field generating means fixed inside, and a developer carrying that can carry and rotate the developer containing the toner on the surface. A developing device having a body is preferred.

<< Developer >>
The developer of the present invention contains at least the toner and, if necessary, other components such as a carrier as appropriate.
For this reason, it is excellent in transferability, chargeability, etc., and a high quality image can be formed stably. The developer may be a one-component developer or a two-component developer. However, when used in a high-speed printer or the like that supports an increase in information processing speed in recent years, the lifetime is shortened. A two-component developer is preferred because it improves.

  When the developer is used as a one-component developer, even if the balance of the toner is performed, there is little fluctuation in the particle size of the toner, and members such as a filming of the toner on the developing roller and a blade for thinning the toner The toner is less fused to the toner, and good and stable developability and images can be obtained even with long-term stirring in the developing device.

  When the developer is used as a two-component developer, even if the toner balance for a long period of time is performed, the fluctuation of the toner particle diameter is small, and good and stable developability and images can be obtained even with long-term stirring in the developing device. can get.

<<< Career >>>>
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said carrier, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, What has a core material and the resin layer which coat | covers a core material is preferable.

−Core material−
The material for the core material is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include 50 emu / g to 90 emu / g manganese-strontium-based material, 50 emu / g to 90 emu / g manganese- Examples include magnesium-based materials. In order to ensure the image density, it is preferable to use a highly magnetized material such as iron powder of 100 emu / g or more and magnetite of 75 emu / g to 120 emu / g. In addition, since the impact of the developer in the standing state on the photoconductor can be alleviated and it is advantageous for high image quality, a low-magnetization material such as a copper-zinc system of 30 emu / g to 80 emu / g should be used. Is preferred.

  These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a volume average particle diameter of the said core material, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, 10 micrometers-150 micrometers are preferable, and 40 micrometers-100 micrometers are more preferable. When the volume average particle diameter is less than 10 μm, fine powder is increased in the carrier, and magnetization per particle may be reduced to cause carrier scattering. When the volume average particle diameter is more than 150 μm, the specific surface area is decreased, and the toner In the case of a full color with many solid portions, reproduction of the solid portions may be deteriorated.

  When the toner is used for a two-component developer, it may be used by mixing with the carrier. The content of the carrier in the two-component developer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. It is 90 to 98 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the two-component developer. Part is preferable, and 93 parts by mass to 97 parts by mass is more preferable.

  The developer of the present invention can be suitably used for image formation by various known electrophotographic methods such as a magnetic one-component development method, a non-magnetic one-component development method, and a two-component development method.

  In the developing means, for example, the toner and the carrier are mixed and stirred, and the toner is charged by friction at that time, and held on the surface of the rotating magnet roller in a raised state, thereby forming a magnetic brush. . The magnet roller is disposed in the vicinity of the electrostatic latent image carrier. Therefore, a part of the toner constituting the magnetic brush formed on the surface of the magnet roller moves to the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier by an electric attractive force. As a result, the electrostatic latent image is developed with the toner, and a visible image is formed with the toner on the surface of the electrostatic latent image carrier.

<Other means and other processes>
Examples of the other means include a transfer means, a fixing means, a cleaning means, a static elimination means, a recycling means, and a control means.
Examples of the other processes include a transfer process, a fixing process, a cleaning process, a static elimination process, a recycling process, and a control process.

<< Transfer means and transfer process >>
The transfer means is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for transferring a visible image to a recording medium, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, the visible image is transferred onto an intermediate transfer member and combined. An embodiment having a primary transfer unit for forming a transfer image and a secondary transfer unit for transferring the composite transfer image onto a recording medium is preferable.
The transfer step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of transferring a visible image to a recording medium, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, an intermediate transfer member is used, and the transfer step can be performed on the intermediate transfer member. It is preferable that the visual image is firstly transferred and then the visible image is secondarily transferred onto the recording medium.
The transfer step can be performed by, for example, charging the visible image using a transfer charger and the transfer unit.
Here, when the image to be secondarily transferred onto the recording medium is a color image composed of a plurality of colors of toner, the toner of each color is sequentially superimposed on the intermediate transfer member by the transfer means. An image can be formed on the body, and the image on the intermediate transfer body can be collectively transferred onto the recording medium by the intermediate transfer unit.
The intermediate transfer member is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from known transfer members according to the purpose. For example, a transfer belt and the like are preferable.

The transfer unit (the primary transfer unit and the secondary transfer unit) preferably includes at least a transfer unit that peels and charges the visible image formed on the photoconductor toward the recording medium. Examples of the transfer device include a corona transfer device using corona discharge, a transfer belt, a transfer roller, a pressure transfer roller, and an adhesive transfer device.
The recording medium is typically plain paper, but is not particularly limited as long as it can transfer an unfixed image after development, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. A PET base or the like can also be used.

<< Fixing means and fixing process >>
The fixing unit is not particularly limited as long as it is a unit that fixes the transferred image transferred to the recording medium, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, a known heating and pressing member is preferable. Examples of the heating and pressing member include a combination of a heating roller and a pressing roller, and a combination of a heating roller, a pressing roller, and an endless belt.
The fixing step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of fixing the visible image transferred to the recording medium, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, the recording medium for each color toner May be performed every time the toner is transferred to the toner image, or may be performed simultaneously at the same time in a state where the toners of the respective colors are stacked.
The fixing step can be performed by the fixing unit.
The heating in the heating and pressing member is usually preferably 80 ° C to 200 ° C.
In the present invention, for example, a known optical fixing device may be used together with or in place of the fixing unit depending on the purpose.

The surface pressure in the fixing step is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended ^purpose, is preferably ^{10N / cm 2 ~80N / cm 2} .

<< Cleaning means and cleaning process >>
The cleaning means is not particularly limited as long as it can remove the toner remaining on the photoreceptor, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, a magnetic brush cleaner, an electrostatic brush cleaner, Examples thereof include a magnetic roller cleaner, a blade cleaner, a brush cleaner, and a web cleaner.
The cleaning step is not particularly limited as long as it can remove the toner remaining on the photoreceptor, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, the cleaning step can be performed by the cleaning unit.

<< Static elimination means and static elimination process >>
The neutralizing means is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for neutralizing by applying a neutralizing bias to the photosensitive member, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples thereof include a neutralizing lamp.
The neutralization step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of neutralizing by applying a neutralization bias to the photoconductor, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, it can be performed by the neutralization unit. .

<< Recycling means and recycling process >>
The recycling unit is not particularly limited as long as it is a unit that causes the developing device to recycle the toner removed in the cleaning step, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Can be mentioned.
The recycling process is not particularly limited as long as it is a process for recycling the toner removed in the cleaning process to the developing device, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, the recycling unit performs the recycling process. Can do.

<< Control means and control process >>
The control means is not particularly limited as long as it can control the movement of each means, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples thereof include devices such as a sequencer and a computer.
The control process is not particularly limited as long as it can control the movement of each process, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, the control process can be performed by the control means.

  Next, one mode for carrying out the method of forming an image by the image forming apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A color image forming apparatus 100A shown in FIG. 1 includes a photosensitive drum 10 as the electrostatic latent image carrier (hereinafter also referred to as “photosensitive member 10”), a charging roller 20 as the charging unit, and the An exposure apparatus 30 as an exposure means, a developing device 40 as the development means, an intermediate transfer member 50, a cleaning device 60 as the cleaning means having a cleaning blade, and a static elimination lamp 70 as the static elimination means. .

  The intermediate transfer member 50 is an endless belt, and is designed to be movable in the direction of an arrow by three rollers 51 that are arranged inside and stretched. Part of the three rollers 51 also functions as a transfer bias roller that can apply a predetermined transfer bias (primary transfer bias) to the intermediate transfer member 50. A cleaning device 90 having a cleaning blade is disposed in the vicinity of the intermediate transfer member 50. Also, in the vicinity of the intermediate transfer member 50, there is a transfer roller 80 as the transfer means capable of applying a transfer bias for transferring (secondary transfer) a developed image (toner image) onto a transfer sheet 95 as a recording medium. The intermediate transfer member 50 is disposed opposite to the intermediate transfer member 50. Around the intermediate transfer member 50, a corona charger 58 for applying a charge to the toner image on the intermediate transfer member 50 is arranged between the photosensitive member 10 and the intermediate transfer member 50 in the rotation direction of the intermediate transfer member 50. It is disposed between the contact portion and the contact portion between the intermediate transfer member 50 and the transfer paper 95.

  The developing device 40 includes a developing belt 41 as the developer carrying member, and a black developing unit 45K, a yellow developing unit 45Y, a magenta developing unit 45M, and a cyan developing unit 45C provided around the developing belt 41. . The black developing unit 45K includes a developer accommodating portion 42K, a developer supply roller 43K, and a developing roller 44K. The yellow developing unit 45Y includes a developer container 42Y, a developer supply roller 43Y, and a developing roller 44Y. The magenta developing unit 45M includes a developer container 42M, a developer supply roller 43M, and a developing roller 44M. The cyan developing unit 45C includes a developer container 42C, a developer supply roller 43C, and a developing roller 44C. Further, the developing belt 41 is an endless belt, is rotatably stretched around a plurality of belt rollers, and a part thereof is in contact with the electrostatic latent image carrier 10.

  In the color image forming apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1, for example, the charging roller 20 charges the photosensitive drum 10 uniformly. The exposure device 30 performs imagewise exposure on the photosensitive drum 10 to form an electrostatic latent image. The electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 10 is developed by supplying toner from the developing device 40 to form a toner image. The toner image is transferred (primary transfer) onto the intermediate transfer member 50 by the voltage applied from the roller 51 and further transferred (secondary transfer) onto the transfer paper 95. As a result, a transfer image is formed on the transfer paper 95. The residual toner on the photoconductor 10 is removed by the cleaning device 60, and the charge on the photoconductor 10 is temporarily removed by the charge eliminating lamp 70.

  FIG. 2 shows another example of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. In the image forming apparatus 100B, the black developing unit 45K, the yellow developing unit 45Y, the magenta developing unit 45M, and the cyan developing unit 45C are arranged directly facing each other around the photosensitive drum 10 without providing the developing belt 41. Other than this, the configuration is the same as that of the image forming apparatus 100A shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the image forming apparatus of the present invention. The image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 2 includes a copying apparatus main body 150, a paper feed table 200, a scanner 300, and an automatic document feeder (ADF) 400.
The copying apparatus main body 150 is provided with an endless belt-like intermediate transfer member 50 at the center. The intermediate transfer member 50 is stretched around the support rollers 14, 15 and 16, and can be rotated clockwise in FIG. 3. An intermediate transfer member cleaning device 17 for removing residual toner on the intermediate transfer member 50 is disposed in the vicinity of the support roller 15. The intermediate transfer member 50 stretched between the support roller 14 and the support roller 15 is a tandem type in which four image forming units 18 of yellow, cyan, magenta, and black are arranged to face each other along the conveyance direction. A developing device 120 is disposed. In the vicinity of the tandem developing device 120, an exposure device 21 as the exposure member is disposed. A secondary transfer device 22 is disposed on the side of the intermediate transfer member 50 opposite to the side on which the tandem developing device 120 is disposed. In the secondary transfer device 22, a secondary transfer belt 24, which is an endless belt, is stretched around a pair of rollers 23, and the transfer paper conveyed on the secondary transfer belt 24 and the intermediate transfer body 50 are in contact with each other. Is possible. In the vicinity of the secondary transfer device 22, a fixing device 25 as the fixing means is arranged. The fixing device 25 includes a fixing belt 26 that is an endless belt, and a pressure roller 27 that is pressed against the fixing belt 26.
In the tandem image forming apparatus, a sheet reversing device 28 for reversing the transfer paper for image formation on both sides of the transfer paper is disposed in the vicinity of the secondary transfer device 22 and the fixing device 25. .

  Next, formation of a full-color image (color copy) using the tandem developing device 120 will be described. That is, first, a document is set on the document table 130 of the automatic document feeder (ADF) 400, or the automatic document feeder 400 is opened and the document is set on the contact glass 32 of the scanner 300. 400 is closed.

  When a start switch (not shown) is pressed, when the document is set on the automatic document feeder 400, the document is transported and moved onto the contact glass 32, and then the document is set on the contact glass 32. Immediately after that, the scanner 300 is driven. Then, the first traveling body 33 and the second traveling body 34 travel. At this time, light from the light source is irradiated by the first traveling body 33 and reflected light from the document surface is reflected by the mirror in the second traveling body 34 and is received by the reading sensor 36 through the imaging lens 35 to be color. An original (color image) is read and used as black, yellow, magenta, and cyan image information.

  Each image information of black, yellow, magenta, and cyan is stored in each image forming unit 18 (black image forming unit, yellow image forming unit, magenta image forming unit, and cyan image) in the tandem developing device 120. Forming means). In each image forming unit, black, yellow, magenta, and cyan toner images are formed. That is, each image forming means 18 (black image forming means, yellow image forming means, magenta image forming means, and cyan image forming means) in the tandem type developing device 120 is a static image as shown in FIG. An electrostatic latent image carrier 10 (black electrostatic latent image carrier 10K, yellow electrostatic latent image carrier 10Y, magenta electrostatic latent image carrier 10M, and cyan electrostatic latent image carrier 10C); The electrostatic latent image carrier 10 is exposed to each color image corresponding to each color image based on each color image information, with the charging device 160 as the charging means for uniformly charging the electrostatic latent image carrier 10 (FIG. 4). L), and an exposure device for forming an electrostatic latent image corresponding to each color image on the electrostatic latent image carrier, and the electrostatic latent image for each color toner (black toner, yellow toner, magenta toner). And cyan tona ), A developing device 61 as the developing means for forming a toner image with each color toner, a transfer charger 62 for transferring the toner image onto the intermediate transfer member 50, a cleaning device 63, The static eliminator 64 is provided. Each image forming unit 18 can form each monochrome image (black image, yellow image, magenta image, and cyan image) based on the image information of each color. The black image, the yellow image, the magenta image, and the cyan image formed in this way are respectively transferred to the black electrostatic latent image carrier 10K on the intermediate transfer member 50 that is rotationally moved by the support rollers 14, 15, and 16. Black image formed on top, yellow image formed on electrostatic latent image carrier 10Y for yellow, magenta image formed on electrostatic latent image carrier 10M for magenta, and electrostatic latent image carrier for cyan The cyan image formed on 10C is sequentially transferred (primary transfer). Then, the black image, the yellow image, the magenta image, and the cyan image are superimposed on the intermediate transfer member 50 to form a composite color image (color transfer image).

  On the other hand, in the paper feed table 200, one of the paper feed rollers 142 is selectively rotated to feed out a sheet (recording paper) from one of the paper feed cassettes 144 provided in multiple stages in the paper bank 143. The sheets are separated one by one by the separation roller 145, sent to the paper feed path 146, transported by the transport roller 147, guided to the paper feed path 148 in the copier body 150, and abutted against the registration roller 49 to stop. It is done. Alternatively, the sheet feed roller 142 is rotated to feed out sheets (recording paper) on the manual feed tray 54, separated one by one by the separation roller 52, put into the manual feed path 53, and abutted against the registration roller 49 and stopped. . The registration roller 49 is generally used while being grounded, but may be used in a state where a bias is applied to remove paper dust from the sheet. Then, the registration roller 49 is rotated in synchronization with the synthesized color image (color transfer image) synthesized on the intermediate transfer member 50, and a sheet (recording paper) is interposed between the intermediate transfer member 50 and the secondary transfer device 22. Then, the composite color image (color transfer image) is transferred (secondary transfer) onto the sheet (recording paper) by the secondary transfer device 22. By doing so, a color image is transferred and formed on the sheet (recording paper). The residual toner on the intermediate transfer member 50 after image transfer is cleaned by the intermediate transfer member cleaning device 17.

  The sheet (recording paper) on which the color image has been transferred is conveyed by the secondary transfer device 22 and sent to the fixing device 25, where the combined color image (color) is generated by heat and pressure. (Transfer image) is fixed on the sheet (recording paper). Thereafter, the sheet (recording paper) is switched by a switching claw 55 and discharged by a discharge roller 56 and is stacked on a discharge tray 57. Alternatively, the sheet is switched by the switching claw 55 and reversed by the sheet reversing device 28 and guided to the transfer position again. After the image is recorded on the back surface, the sheet is discharged by the discharge roller 56 and stacked on the discharge tray 57. Is done.

(Process cartridge)
The process cartridge according to the present invention is detachably molded in various image forming apparatuses, and includes an electrostatic latent image carrier that carries an electrostatic latent image, and an electrostatic latent image carried on the electrostatic latent image carrier. And at least developing means for forming a toner image by developing with the developer of the present invention. The process cartridge of the present invention may further include other means as necessary.

  The developing means includes at least a developer accommodating portion that accommodates the developer of the present invention and a developer carrier that carries and conveys the developer accommodated in the developer accommodating portion. The developing means may further include a regulating member or the like for regulating the thickness of the developer carried.

  FIG. 5 shows an example of a process cartridge according to the present invention. The process cartridge 110 includes a photosensitive drum 10, a corona charger 52, a developing device 40, a transfer roller 80, and a cleaning device 90.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example are given and this invention is demonstrated further more concretely, this invention is not limited to these. “Part” represents part by mass.
Hereinafter, the quenching agents used in the synthesis of the polyester resin are shown in Table 1.

<Synthesis of polyester resin 1>
In a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a stirrer and a nitrogen introduction tube, 470 parts of bisphenol A ethylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 170 parts of bisphenol A propylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 330 parts of isophthalic acid and 1 part of dibutyltin oxide are added. The reaction was carried out for 8 hours at 230 ° C. under normal pressure, and further for 8 hours under reduced pressure of 10 mmHg to 15 mmHg. Thereafter, 26 parts of trimellitic anhydride was placed in the reaction vessel and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours to obtain [Polyester Resin 1].

<Synthesis of polyester resin 2>
In a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a stirrer and a nitrogen introduction tube, 470 parts of bisphenol A ethylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 170 parts of bisphenol A propylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 330 parts of isophthalic acid and 1 part of dibutyltin oxide are added. The reaction was carried out for 8 hours at 230 ° C. under normal pressure, and further for 8 hours under reduced pressure of 10 mmHg to 15 mmHg. Thereafter, 26 parts of trimellitic anhydride was placed in the reaction vessel and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours. Further, 22 parts of [Deactivator 1] was added and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours to obtain [Polyester resin 2].

<Synthesis of polyester resin 3>
In a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a stirrer and a nitrogen introduction tube, 470 parts of bisphenol A ethylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 170 parts of bisphenol A propylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 330 parts of isophthalic acid and 1 part of dibutyltin oxide are added. The reaction was carried out for 8 hours at 230 ° C. under normal pressure, and further for 8 hours under reduced pressure of 10 mmHg to 15 mmHg. Thereafter, 26 parts of trimellitic anhydride was placed in the reaction vessel and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours. Furthermore, 41 parts of [Deactivator 2] was added and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours to obtain [Polyester resin 3].

<Synthesis of polyester resin 4>
In a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a stirrer and a nitrogen introduction tube, 470 parts of bisphenol A ethylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 170 parts of bisphenol A propylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 330 parts of isophthalic acid and 1 part of dibutyltin oxide are added. The reaction was carried out for 8 hours at 230 ° C. under normal pressure, and further for 8 hours under reduced pressure of 10 mmHg to 15 mmHg. Thereafter, 26 parts of trimellitic anhydride was placed in the reaction vessel and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours. Further, 36 parts of [Deactivator 3] was added and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours to obtain [Polyester resin 4].

<Synthesis of polyester resin 5>
In a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a stirrer and a nitrogen introduction tube, 470 parts of bisphenol A ethylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 170 parts of bisphenol A propylene oxide 2-mole adduct, 330 parts of isophthalic acid and 1 part of dibutyltin oxide are added. The reaction was carried out for 8 hours at 230 ° C. under normal pressure, and further for 8 hours under reduced pressure of 10 mmHg to 15 mmHg. Thereafter, 26 parts of trimellitic anhydride was placed in the reaction vessel and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours. Further, 32 parts of [Deactivator 4] was added and reacted at 180 ° C. and normal pressure for 2 hours to obtain [Polyester resin 5].

<Preparation of masterbatch 1>
Isoindoline yellow which is a colorant having the nitrile group: 40 parts, Binder resin: Polyester resin (RS-801 manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., acid value 10, Mw 20,000, Tg 64 ° C.): 60 parts, water: 30 parts were mixed with a Henschel mixer to obtain a mixture in which water was soaked into the pigment aggregate. This was kneaded for 45 minutes with two rolls set at a roll surface temperature of 130 ° C. and pulverized to a size of 1 mm with a pulverizer to obtain [Masterbatch 1].

<Preparation of masterbatch 2>
[Masterbatch 2] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to Hansa Yellow G, which is a colorant having no nitrile group.

<Preparation of masterbatch 3>
[Masterbatch 3] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to Hansa brilliant yellow 5GX which is a colorant having no nitrile group.

<Preparation of masterbatch 4>
[Masterbatch 4] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to anthrapyrimidine yellow which is a colorant having no nitrile group.

<Preparation of masterbatch 5>
[Masterbatch 5] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to benzimidazolone yellow, which is a colorant having no nitrile group.

<Preparation of master batch 6>
[Masterbatch 6] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to Diarylide Yellow GRY, which is a colorant having no nitrile group.

<Preparation of masterbatch 7>
[Masterbatch 7] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 0.32 parts of the isoindoline yellow and 39.68 parts of the Hansa brilliant yellow 5GX.

<Preparation of masterbatch 8>
[Masterbatch 8] was obtained in the same manner as in [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 0.48 parts of the isoindoline yellow and 39.52 parts of the Hansa brilliant yellow 5GX.

<Preparation of masterbatch 9>
[Masterbatch 9] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 1.2 parts of the above isoindoline yellow and 38.8 parts of the Hansa brilliant yellow 5GX.

<Preparation of masterbatch 10>
[Masterbatch 10] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to the isoindoline yellow: 1.92 parts and the Hansa brilliant yellow 5GX: 38.08 parts.

<Preparation of masterbatch 11>
[Masterbatch 11] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 2.08 parts of isoindoline yellow and 37.92 parts of Hansa brilliant yellow 5GX.

<Preparation of master batch 12>
[Masterbatch 12] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 0.32 parts of isoindoline yellow and 39.68 parts of benzimidazolone yellow H2G.

<Preparation of masterbatch 13>
[Masterbatch 13] was obtained in the same manner as in [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 0.48 parts of isoindoline yellow: 39.52 parts of benzimidazolone yellow H2G.

<Preparation of masterbatch 14>
[Masterbatch 14] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 1.2 parts of the above isoindoline yellow and 38.8 parts of the benzimidazolone yellow H2G.

<Preparation of masterbatch 15>
[Masterbatch 15] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to the isoindoline yellow: 1.92 parts and the benzimidazolone yellow H2G: 38.08 parts.

<Preparation of masterbatch 16>
[Masterbatch 16] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 2.08 parts of isoindoline yellow and 37.92 parts of benzimidazolone yellow H2G.

<Preparation of master batch 17>
[Masterbatch 17] was obtained in the same manner as in [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 0.32 parts of isoindoline yellow and 39.68 parts of diarylide yellow GRY.

<Preparation of masterbatch 18>
[Masterbatch 18] was obtained in the same manner as in [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 0.48 parts of isoindoline yellow and 39.52 parts of diarylide yellow GRY.

<Preparation of master batch 19>
[Masterbatch 19] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 1.2 parts of isoindoline yellow and 38.8 parts of diarylide yellow GRY: 38.8 parts.

<Preparation of masterbatch 20>
[Masterbatch 20] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to the isoindoline yellow: 1.92 parts and the diarylide yellow GRY: 38.08 parts.

<Preparation of masterbatch 21>
[Masterbatch 21] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 2.08 parts of isoindoline yellow and 37.92 parts of diarylide yellow GRY.

<Preparation of masterbatch 22>
[Masterbatch 22] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 1.2 parts of the above isoindoline yellow and 38.8 parts of the above Hansa Yellow G.

<Preparation of masterbatch 23>
[Masterbatch 23] was obtained in the same manner as [Masterbatch 1] except that the colorant was changed to 1.2 parts of the above isoindoline yellow and 38.8 parts of the anthrapyrimidine yellow G: 38.8 parts.

Example 1
Toner manufacturing process <oil phase preparation process>
In a container equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, 545 parts of [Polyester resin 1], 181 parts of [paraffin wax (melting point 74 ° C.)] and 1,450 parts of ethyl acetate were charged, and the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. with stirring. The temperature was kept at 5 ° C. for 5 hours and then cooled to 30 ° C. in 1 hour. Next, 500 parts of [Masterbatch 8] and 100 parts of ethyl acetate were charged in a container and mixed for 1 hour to obtain [Raw material solution 1].
[Raw material solution 1] 1,500 parts are transferred to a container, and using a bead mill (Ultra Visco Mill, manufactured by Imex Co., Ltd.), a liquid feeding speed of 1 kg / hr, a disk peripheral speed of 6 m / sec, and a diameter of 0.5 mm zirconia beads are obtained. The pigment and WAX were dispersed under the conditions of 80% by volume filling and 3 passes. Next, 655 parts of a 66% ethyl acetate solution of [Polyester resin 1] and 30 parts of isophoronediamine were added, and one pass was performed with a bead mill under the above conditions to obtain [Oil Phase 1]. It was 52.0 mass% when solid content of the obtained [oil phase 1] was measured, and the quantity of ethyl acetate with respect to solid content was 92 mass%.

<Water phase preparation process>
970 parts of ion-exchanged water, 40 parts of a 25% by weight aqueous dispersion of organic resin fine particles for dispersion stabilization (styrene copolymer of styrene-methacrylic acid-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid ethylene oxide adduct sulfate), dodecyl 95 parts of a 48.5% by weight aqueous solution of sodium diphenyl ether disulfonate and 98 parts of ethyl acetate were mixed and stirred to obtain [Aqueous Phase 1].

<Toner particle preparation process>
To the obtained [Oil Phase 1], 1200 parts of [Aqueous Phase 1] is added, and the temperature in the liquid is in the range of 20 ° C. to 23 ° C. by cooling in a water bath to suppress the temperature rise due to the shear heat of the mixer. While adjusting for 10 minutes while adjusting at a rotational speed of 8,000 rpm to 15,000 rpm using a TK homomixer and mixing for 2 minutes, a three-one motor with an anchor blade attached is adjusted to a rotational speed of 130 rpm to 350 rpm. The mixture was stirred for a minute to obtain [Toner Particle Slurry 1] in which oil phase droplets serving as core particles of toner particles were dispersed in an aqueous phase.

<Desolvation, washing, drying process>
[Toner particle slurry 1] was charged into a container equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the solvent was removed at 30 ° C. for 8 hours while stirring to obtain [Dispersion slurry 1].
[Dispersion Slurry 1] After filtering 100 parts under reduced pressure,
(1): 100 parts of ion-exchanged water was added to the filter cake, mixed with a TK homomixer (10 minutes at 12,000 rpm), and then filtered.
(2): 900 parts of ion-exchanged water was added to the filter cake of (1), ultrasonic vibration was applied, and the mixture was mixed with a TK homomixer (30 minutes at 12,000 rpm), and then filtered under reduced pressure. This operation was repeated so that the electric conductivity of the reslurry liquid was 10 μC / cm or less.
(3): 10% by mass hydrochloric acid was added so that the reslurry liquid of (2) had a pH of 4, and the mixture was filtered as it was with a three-one motor for 30 minutes.
(4): 100 parts of ion-exchanged water was added to the filter cake of (3), mixed with a TK homomixer (10 minutes at 12,000 rpm) and then filtered. This operation was repeated so that the reslurry liquid had an electric conductivity of 10 μC / cm or less to obtain [Filter Cake 1]. [Filtration cake 1] was dried at 45 ° C. for 48 hours in a circulating drier and sieved with a mesh having an opening of 75 μm to obtain [Toner 1].

Further, with respect to [Toner 1], the ratio of the colorant having a nitrile group to the total colorant in the toner was measured by the following method. The results are shown in Table 1.
[Ratio of colorant having nitrile group]
The ratio of the colorant having a nitrile group to the total colorant in the toner was confirmed by the KBr method of FT-IR manufactured by PerkinElmer. And the peak intensity derived from the nitrile group appearing in the vicinity of 2250 cm ^-1, was determined by the ratio of the peak intensity derived from the ester appearing in the vicinity of 828 cm ^-1 (2250 cm ^-1 vicinity strength / 828 cm ^-1 vicinity strength).
The ratio of the colorant having a nitrile group was calculated by the following formula.
(Ratio of colorant having nitrile group) = (Intensity ratio of toner to be measured) / (Intensity ratio of [ratio 1 toner])
Next, [Toner 1] obtained above was mixed with the carrier described below to obtain a developer.

<Production of developer>
5 parts of [Toner 1] and 95 parts of [Carrier 1] described below were mixed to prepare a two-component developer of [Toner 1].
-Fabrication of carrier-
To 100 parts of toluene, 100 parts of silicone resin (organostraight silicone), 5 parts of γ- (2-aminoethyl) aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and 10 parts of carbon black are added and dispersed with a homomixer for 20 minutes. A layer coating solution was prepared. Using a fluidized bed type coating apparatus, the resin layer coating solution was applied to the surface of 1,000 parts of spherical magnetite having a volume average particle size of 50 μm to prepare [Carrier 1].

  Using an image forming apparatus using [Developer 1] including [Toner 1], the degree of coloration of the image was evaluated by the evaluation method described below. Further, the storage property of [Toner 1] was evaluated by the evaluation method described below. The results are shown in Table 2.

[Evaluation of coloring degree]
The two-component developer was charged into a copying machine manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd. (Imagio Neo C355), and adjusted on Tokishi Art N 110Kg (manufactured by Mitsubishi Paper Industries Co., Ltd.) to an adhesion amount of 0.4 mg / cm ^2. After controlling the temperature of the fixing member to be 160 ° C., 100 solid images of 5 cm × 5 cm were printed at a linear speed of 280 mm / sec. After printing 100 sheets, three solid images of 5 cm × 5 cm were output in the same manner as above, and used as image samples for evaluation.
Using a chromaticity meter (manufactured by X-Rite: X-Rite 938), five solid images of each image sample were measured, the average of them was calculated, and the average value of yellow of three samples was further calculated. Concentration.

In addition, the standard of coloring degree was also as follows including the response | compatibility of the following Examples 2-23 and Comparative Examples 1-12.
For the toners using [Masterbatch 7] to [Masterbatch 11], the value when [Specific Toner 3] is 100% is defined as the coloring degree.
For the toners using [Masterbatch 12] to [Masterbatch 16], the value when [Specific Toner 5] is 100% is defined as the coloring degree.
For the toners using [Masterbatch 17] to [Masterbatch 21], the value when [Specific Toner 6] is 100% was defined as the coloring degree.
For the toner using [Masterbatch 22], the value when [Specific Toner 2] is 100% was defined as the coloring degree.
For the toner using [Masterbatch 23], the value when [Specific Toner 4] is 100% was defined as the coloring degree.

-Evaluation criteria-
☆☆☆: Coloration degree 101.0% or more ☆☆: Coloration degree 100.5% or more and less than 101.0% ☆: Coloration degree 100.1% or more and less than 100.5% −: Coloration degree 100. 0%
A: Coloration degree is 99.5% or more and less than 100.0% B: Coloration degree is 99.0% or more and less than 99.5% Δ: Coloration degree is 98.5% or more and less than 99.0% X: Coloration degree <98.5%

[Storage]
Weigh 10 g of toner, put it in a 20 mL glass container, tap the glass bottle 100 times with a tapping device, leave it in a thermostat set at 50 ° C. and 80% humidity for 24 hours, and then insert a penetration tester ( The penetration was measured with Nikka Engineering Co., Ltd. (manual description conditions) and evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.

-Evaluation criteria-
☆: Needle penetration is 20 mm or more ◎: Needle penetration is 15 mm or more and less than 20 mm ○: Needle penetration is 10 mm or more and less than 15 mm Δ: Needle penetration is 5 mm or more and less than 10 mm ×: Needle penetration is less than 5 mm

(Example 2)
[Toner 2] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 9] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 2], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 3
[Toner 3] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 10] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 3], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 4)
[Toner 4] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 13] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 4], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 5)
[Toner 5] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 14] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 5], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 6)
[Toner 6] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 15] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 6], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 7)
[Toner 7] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 18] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 7], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 8)
[Toner 8] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 19] in Example 1.
For [Toner 8] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 9
[Toner 9] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 20] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 9], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 10)
[Toner 10] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 2] in Example 2.
For the obtained [Toner 10], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 2 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 11)
[Toner 11] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 2] in Example 5.
For the obtained [Toner 11], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 5, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 5 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 12)
[Toner 12] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8, except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 2] in Example 8.
For the obtained [Toner 12], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 8 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 13)
[Toner 13] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 3] in Example 2.
For [Toner 13] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 2 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 14)
[Toner 14] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 3] in Example 5.
For [Toner 14] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 5 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 15)
[Toner 15] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 3] in Example 8.
For [Toner 15] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 8, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 8 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 16)
[Toner 16] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 4] in Example 2.
For [Toner 16] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 2 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 17)
[Toner 17] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 4] in Example 5.
For [Toner 17] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 5 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 18)
[Toner 18] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8, except that [Polyester Resin 1] was changed to [Polyester Resin 4] in Example 8.
For [Toner 18] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 8, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 8 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 19)
[Toner 19] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 5] in Example 2.
For the obtained [Toner 19], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 2 were performed using this developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 20)
[Toner 20] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 5] in Example 5.
For the obtained [Toner 20], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 5, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 5 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 21)
[Toner 21] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8, except that [Polyester resin 1] was changed to [Polyester resin 5] in Example 8.
For the obtained [Toner 21], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 8, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 8 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 22)
[Toner 22] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 22] in Example 1.
For the obtained [Toner 22], a developer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 23)
[Toner 23] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 23] in Example 1.
For [Toner 23] obtained, a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurements and evaluations as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 1)
[Specific toner 1] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Master batch 8] was changed to [Master batch 1] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 1], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 2)
[Specific toner 2] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 2] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 2], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 3)
[Specific toner 3] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 3] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 3], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 4)
[Specific toner 4] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 4] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 4], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 5)
[Specific toner 5] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 5] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 5], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 6)
[Specific toner 6] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 6] in Example 1.
For the obtained [specific toner 6], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 7)
[Specific toner 7] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 7] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 7], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 8)
[Specific toner 8] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 1] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 8], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 9)
[Specific toner 9] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 12] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 9], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 10)
[Specific toner 10] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 16] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 10], a developer was prepared in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 11)
[Specific toner 11] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 17] in Example 1.
With respect to the obtained [specific toner 11], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 12)
[Specific toner 12] was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that [Masterbatch 8] was changed to [Masterbatch 21] in Example 1.
For the obtained [specific toner 12], a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the same measurement and evaluation as in Example 1 were performed using the developer. The results are shown in Table 2.

Aspects of the present invention are as follows, for example.
<1> A toner containing at least a binder resin including a polyester resin, a release agent, and two or more colorants,
Of the two or more types of colorants, one type is composed of a colorant having at least a nitrile group, and the other type is composed of a colorant having no nitrile group, and has the nitrile group. The yellow toner is characterized in that the content of the colorant is 1.0% by mass or more and less than 5.0% by mass with respect to all the colorants.
<2> The yellow toner according to <1>, wherein the colorant having a nitrile group is Pigment Yellow 185.
<3> The yellow toner according to any one of <1> to <2>, wherein a terminal of the polyester resin is chemically modified.
<4> An aqueous medium in which oil phase droplets containing at least a binder resin containing a polyester resin having a group that reacts with an amine compound, a release agent, an amine compound, and two or more colorants are suspended. The yellow toner according to any one of <1> to <3>, which is produced by granulating from a suspension.
<5> The yellow toner according to <4>, wherein the amine compound is a divalent amine compound.
<6> The yellow toner according to <5>, wherein the amine compound is isophoronediamine.
<7> an electrostatic latent image carrier;
An electrostatic latent image forming means for forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image carrier;
Developing means comprising toner for developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier to form a toner image;
The toner is the yellow toner according to any one of <1> to <6>.
<8> an electrostatic latent image forming step of forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image carrier;
Developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier with toner to form a toner image,
An image forming method, wherein the toner is the yellow toner according to any one of <1> to <6>.
<9> an electrostatic latent image carrier;
Developing means comprising toner, which develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier to form a toner image, is integrally supported,
A process cartridge, wherein the toner is the yellow toner according to any one of <1> to <6>.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electrostatic latent image carrier 21 Exposure apparatus 25 Fixing apparatus 61 Developing apparatus 160 Charging apparatus

JP 2011 197032 A

Claims (5)

A toner containing at least a binder resin containing a polyester resin, a release agent, and two or more colorants,
Of the two or more types of colorants, one type comprises a colorant having at least a nitrile group, and the other type comprises a colorant having no nitrile group,
The colorant having the nitrile group is Pigment Yellow 185,
A yellow toner, wherein a content of the colorant having a nitrile group is 2.5% by mass or more and less than 5.0% by mass with respect to all colorants. The yellow toner according to claim 1, wherein the terminal of the polyester resin is chemically modified. An electrostatic latent image carrier;
An electrostatic latent image forming means for forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image carrier;
Developing means comprising toner for developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier to form a toner image;
The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the toner is the yellow toner according to claim 1. An electrostatic latent image forming step of forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrostatic latent image carrier;
Developing the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier with toner to form a toner image,
The image forming method according to claim 1, wherein the toner is the yellow toner according to claim 1. An electrostatic latent image carrier;
Developing means comprising toner, which develops the electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image carrier to form a toner image, is integrally supported,
3. A process cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the toner is the yellow toner according to claim 1.