JP6433827B2 - Manufacturing method of laminated compression mesh - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing compressed wood, and more particularly, to a method for producing compressed wood for heating and compressing a plate material and compressed wood.

  Conventionally, conifers such as cedar grow fast but have a small specific gravity and may be soft, and when used for furniture, etc., the surface is easily scratched, and when used as a building material, there is a risk of insufficient strength. was there.

  Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, it has been conventionally performed to increase the strength of wood by compressing wood such as conifers. Specifically, a wood compression processing method is disclosed in which wood such as cedar is heated and softened with water vapor and high frequency in a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel and then compression-molded to fix the compressed shape in a high-temperature and high-pressure atmosphere. Has been.

  According to this wood compression processing method, the wood absorbs water vapor and rises in temperature, and at the same time, the temperature rises from the inside due to the high frequency, and rapidly heats and softens. By applying a mechanical compressive force in this state, a fine hollow portion mainly existing in the early wood portion is reduced and compressed, resulting in a hard and strong wood.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-50409

  However, according to Patent Document 1, the compression of wood is performed with a log material or a grain material, and the surface of the wood after compression, that is, the grain surface has a grain (see FIG. 6A). ) Appears. In other words, in conifers, the straight grain of the mesh surface is attractive, but the charm is not utilized. In addition, the surface of coniferous logs and grained materials has many nodes (see FIG. 6 (b), white small circles), so that the nodes appear on the surface and the appearance is impaired. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a compressed wood having both strength and aesthetics and a method for producing the same.

In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing a laminated compression mesh material according to claim 1 includes a heat compression step of obtaining a compression plate material by heating and compressing the plate material in the thickness direction, and the compression plate material comprises: A cutting step of cutting the compression plate material in the thickness direction at a predetermined interval in the tangential direction of the annual rings to obtain a plurality of compression plate material pieces, and a plate surface of the plurality of compression plate material pieces mutually and an adhesive assembly to obtain the assembly compression vertical grain material made by adhering assembled possess against the said heat compression step, after heating and softening treatment of the cross grain material compressed in the compression-type space of closed shape In the heating and compression step, a compression mold having an upper mold and a lower mold that can be adjusted in temperature and temperature decrease is used. It is made by heat compression, after the heat compression step and before the cutting step, The upper and lower surfaces of the compression plate material are moistened with water, and the compression plate material is heated again by the upper mold and the lower mold heated in the closed compression mold inner space to stabilize the color tone. It includes a color tone stabilization process.

  According to this configuration, the obtained laminated compression mesh material was obtained because all the upper and lower surfaces thereof became a mesh surface, and the early wood part was compressed by the heat compression process, and the distance between the annual rings was reduced. The wood grain of the upper and lower surfaces presents a dense and attractive wood grain pattern in which the annual ring lines in close contact with each other are linearly parallel. Moreover, since the grid surface which the late-wood part closely_contact | adheres to the upper and lower surfaces by compression appears, the intensity | strength is also excellent.

Further , according to this configuration, the grain material is heated and softened in the heat compression process, and the softened grain material is compressed in the compression mold inner space, so that it is substantially uniform in the thickness direction (that is, the growth direction of the annual rings). Thus, a compression plate material compressed into the above is obtained. In this way, the plate material is compressed substantially uniformly, so that the checkered pattern on the surface portion of the resulting laminated compressed checkered material has a substantially uniform clean checkered pattern in the width direction (that is, the direction in which the annual rings are laminated). It will be presented and its aesthetics will be improved. Similarly, it is possible to obtain more stable strength because there is no non-uniform area of the mesh surface on the surface portion.

  According to the heat softening process in the heat compression process, the moisture on the surface part of the grain material evaporates, so that the browning reaction that occurs during the heat fixing process in the compression mold inner space does not proceed at this surface part, and the browning proceeds. A change in color occurs between the surface portion of the unfinished plate material and the inner layer portion of the plate material whose browning proceeds. However, according to this configuration, the upper and lower surface portions of the compression plate material are moistened with water after the heat compression step, and the surface portion is further browned by being heated again in the closed compression mold inner space. Therefore, the obtained laminated compression mesh material exhibits a brown color tone substantially uniformly on the surface portion, and is further excellent in aesthetic appearance.

  According to the present invention, the obtained laminated compression mesh material was obtained because all the upper and lower surfaces thereof became a mesh surface, and the early wood portion was compressed by the heat compression process and the distance between the annual rings was clogged. The wood grain of the upper and lower surfaces presents a dense and attractive wood grain pattern in which the annual ring lines in close contact with each other are linearly parallel. Moreover, since the grid surface which the late-wood part closely_contact | adheres to the upper and lower surfaces by compression appears, the intensity | strength is also excellent.

  Therefore, for example, using soft softwood as a material, manufacture attractive furniture, building materials (column materials, flooring materials, wall materials, etc.) and vehicle interior materials using compressed wood with excellent aesthetics and strength. Is possible.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the heating compression process of the manufacturing method of the laminated compression mesh material which concerns on this Embodiment. Similarly, it is a front view schematically showing a cutting step and an adhesion assembly step. It is a perspective view which shows the obtained laminated compression mesh material. It is a figure which shows the other example of the obtained laminated compression mesh material. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows typically the compression apparatus of wood. (A) The perspective view which shows the conventional compression board material, (b) The top view which shows the conventional compression board material which has a node.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the laminated compression mesh material and the laminated compression mesh material concerning this Embodiment are demonstrated in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a heat compression process of the method for producing a laminated compression mesh according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing a cutting process and an adhesive assembly process. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the obtained laminated compression mesh material, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of the obtained laminated compression mesh material, and FIG. 5 schematically shows a wood compression apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

  First, before going into the description of the method for producing a laminated compression mesh material and the explanation of the laminated compression mesh material, a wood compression apparatus 50 used in the wood heating compression process and the color tone stabilization process described later will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the wood compression device 50 includes a box-like lower mold 52 having a bottom 52 a on which the wood is placed and an open top surface, and a plate constituting the lid of the lower mold 52. A basic structure including a compression mold 56 formed of an upper mold 54. The upper die 54 is movable in a direction in which the upper die 54 is in contact with and away from the lower die 52 (in the direction of the arrow 150). As shown by the broken line in FIG. Thus, a sealed mold space 58 is formed. An O-ring 53 is fitted in a groove provided at the upper edge of the lower mold 52, and the mold inner space 58 is sealed when the O-ring 53 comes into close contact with the upper mold 54.

  The upper mold 54 is provided with a pipe line 62 through which a steam 60 described later and a pipe 66 through which cooling water 64 described below are circulated, and the lower mold 52 is provided with a pipe 68 through which the steam 60 flows and cooling. A conduit 70 through which the water 64 flows is provided. Further, the lower mold 52 discharges water in the mold space 58, a pipe line 72 for introducing the steam 60 into the mold space 58, a pipe line 74 for discharging the steam 60 from the mold space 58, and the mold space 58. A conduit 76 is provided.

  Upstream of the upper mold 54 and the lower mold 52 are provided a pipe line 62, a pipe line 68 and a steam system path 78 for introducing the steam 60 into the pipe line 72, and downstream of the upper mold 54 and the lower mold 52. Are provided with a steam path 80 for discharging the steam 60 from the pipe line 62, the pipe line 68, and the pipe line 74.

  Further, upstream of the upper mold 54 and the lower mold 52, a cooling water system path 82 for introducing the cooling water 64 into the pipeline 66 and the pipeline 70 is provided, and downstream of the upper mold 54 and the lower mold 52. Is provided with a drainage channel 84 for discharging drainage from the pipeline 66, the pipeline 70 and the pipeline 76.

  The steam path 78 upstream of the compression mold 56 is provided with valves 86, 90, and 88 that can open and close the paths before reaching the pipe lines 62, 72, and 68, respectively. 80 is provided with valves 92, 94, and 96 that can open and close the paths downstream of the pipes 62, 74, and 68, respectively.

  The cooling water path 82 upstream of the compression mold 56 is provided with valves 98 and 100 that can open and close the paths before reaching the pipe lines 66 and 70, respectively, and the drainage path 84 downstream of the compression mold 56. Are provided with valves 102, 104 and 106 which can open and close the paths downstream of the pipes 66, 76 and 70, respectively. A pressure gauge 108 is provided between the valve 90 and the pipe line 72.

  The wood that is heat-compressed in the wood compression apparatus 50 is a softwood plank 1. Plane wood is wood that has been cut in the tangential direction of the annual rings. In the present embodiment, a so-called centering material in which the center of the annual ring is removed is used among the plate materials. This is because, when the core holding material is used, an annual ring near the core may be bent and cracked during heating and compression of the plate material described later.

  Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the laminated compression mesh material 10 and the laminated compression mesh material according to the present embodiment will be described.

[1. Heat compression process]
1-1. Heat softening treatment First, the plate material 1 is steamed and softened. Steaming can be performed using, for example, a steaming can. For example, the cooking time can be 80 to 120 ° C. for about 30 to 60 minutes. The plate material 1 after cooking is placed so that the plate surface comes into contact with the bottom 52a of the lower mold 52 of the compression mold 56 of FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1A, the upper die 54 is moved in the direction approaching the lower die 52, and the lower surface of the upper die 54 is brought into contact with the upper surface portion 1 a of the plate material 1. In FIG. 1, the compression die 56 is shown in a simplified manner so that the open / close state can be understood, and a detailed description of the configuration is omitted.

  Then, in a state where the upper die 54 and the lower die 52 are in contact with the upper and lower surface portions 1a, 1b of the plate material 1, the steam 60 is fed into the upper die 54 and the lower die 52, and the upper die 54 and The temperature of the lower mold 52 is raised. The temperature is raised from around normal temperature (about 15 to 20 ° C.) to a temperature of about 110 to 130 ° C. and kept constant at that temperature.

  This temperature rise closes the valves 92 and 96 downstream of the compression die 56, opens the valves 86 and 88 upstream of the compression die 56 little by little, and introduces the high-temperature steam 60 into the upper die 54 and the lower die 52 little by little. (See FIG. 5). In order to make the temperature constant, the opening amounts of the valves 86 and 88 for sending the steam 60 and the opening amounts of the valves 92 and 96 for discharging the steam 60 are adjusted. The heat softening treatment of the plate material 1 by the wood compression device 50 is performed in about 15 to 25 minutes from the start of the temperature increase. The plate material 1 is heat-softened by the above processing.

1-2. Heat Fixing Treatment After the heat softening treatment of the grain material 1 by the wood compression device 50, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the upper mold 54 is moved until it contacts the lower mold 52, and the grain material 1 is moved in the thickness direction. That is, it compresses in the stacking direction of the annual rings. At this time, by closing the valves 90, 94 and 104, the in-mold space 58 becomes a completely sealed space. In this state, the upper mold 54 and the lower mold 52 are further heated to about 150 ° C. to 180 ° C. and maintained at a high temperature for about 70 to 120 minutes from the start of the temperature increase.

  Then, the pressure in the mold space rises due to the thermal expansion of air in the mold space 58 and the generation of water vapor due to the evaporation of moisture in the plate material 1, and the wood compressed under this rising pressure is subjected to high-temperature steam treatment. The Rukoto. Thereby, the stress accumulated in the inside of the plate material 1 is remarkably relieved in a short time, the compression shape is fixed, and the compression plate material 2 is obtained. When the amount of water vapor is insufficient only by the evaporation of water from the plate material 1, and when the pressure in the mold space 58 is low, the opening amount of the valve 90 can be increased, and the amount of steam and the pressure can be increased. Conversely, when the pressure is high, the valve 94 can be slightly opened to adjust the pressure to decrease.

  Note that the pressure in the mold space 58 can be monitored by the pressure gauge 108.

  The compression rate of the plate material 1 can be adjusted by the thickness of the plate material 1 before compression, the height of the O-ring 53, and a flat metal plate (not shown) that can be placed on the bottom 52a of the lower mold 52. In the case of a softwood plank, it can be performed up to about 70%. The compression rate of 70% means that a 10 cm thick plate material is compressed to a thickness of 3 cm.

1-3. Cooling process Then, the temperature of the upper mold | type 54 and the lower mold | type 52 is reduced to about 20-40 degreeC, and it maintains for 30 to 60 minutes, and cools the compression board | plate material 2 with which the compression shape was fixed. For cooling, the valves 86 and 88 are closed, the valves 92, 94 and 96 are opened to discharge the steam 60 from the upper mold 54, the lower mold 52 and the mold inner space 58, and the valves 98, 100, 102 and 106 are opened. The cooling water 64 is circulated through the upper mold 54 and the lower mold 52. Thereafter, the upper die 54 is moved in a direction away from the lower die 52 (the heat compression step).

[2. Color tone stabilization process]
[1. Regarding the color tone of the compression plate material 2 obtained in the heat compression step], due to the phenomenon that hemicellulose in the wood decomposes into hydroxymethylfurfural by applying heat, moisture and vapor pressure when the wood is compressed Then, when the browning material 1 is simply heated and compressed using the wood compression device 50, the surface portions 1a and 1b of the grain material 1 in the “1-1. By contacting the heated upper die 54 and the lower die 52, the moisture in the surface portions 1a and 1b evaporates.

  Therefore, if the above-mentioned “1-2. Heating and fixing process” is performed as it is, the surface portion 2a, 2b in the compression mold inner space 58 has insufficient moisture among heat, moisture and vapor pressure, so that the browning of the wood does not proceed. The inventors of the present application have found that browning proceeds only in the inner layer where moisture remains.

  Therefore, this color tone stabilization step is performed in order to promote the browning of the surface portions 2a and 2b of the compression plate material 2. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), water 111 is poured through a hose 110 onto the upper surface portion 2 a of the compression plate material 2 cooled to near room temperature. The water 111 flows down from the surface portion 2a and is supplied until about 1 cm is accumulated on the bottom portion 52a of the lower mold 52. Then, the compression plate material 2 slightly floats due to buoyancy, and the lower surface portion 2b becomes wet throughout the entire surface. That is, the upper and lower surface portions 2a and 2b (plate surfaces) of the compression plate material 2 are wetted. Thereafter, the valve 104 is opened and the water 111 accumulated in the lower mold 54 is discharged.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), the upper mold 54 is moved until it comes into contact with the lower mold 52, so that the mold inner space 58 becomes a complete sealed space. And the upper mold | type 54 and the lower mold | type 52 are heated up to about 150 to 180 degreeC, and are maintained for about 50 to 80 minutes from the temperature rising start at the temperature.

Then, the temperature of the upper mold | type 54 and the lower mold | type 52 is reduced to about 20-40 degreeC, and it maintains for 30 minutes-60 minutes, and cools the compression board | plate material 2. The temperature rise and temperature drop of the upper mold 54 and the lower mold 52 are performed in the same manner as in the above “1-2. Heat fixing process” and “1-3. Cooling process”. Thereby, the browning requirements of heat, moisture and vapor pressure are satisfied in the surface portions 2a and 2b of the compression plate material 2 heated in the compression space 58 in the closed state, and the surface portions 2a and 2b are browned. Advances, and the color tone is stabilized between the surface portions 2a and 2b and the inner layer portion (the color tone stabilization step).

[3. Cutting process]
Thereafter, the compression plate material 2 is taken out from the compression mold 56, and at the three arrow positions (see FIG. 2A), the thickness direction (annual rings) is evenly spaced in the width direction (that is, the tangential direction of the annual rings). The four compression plate material pieces 3 having the plate surface 3a and the cell surface 3b are produced as shown in FIG. The compression plate material piece 3 is cut out from one compression plate material 2 in the present embodiment, but may be a collection of pieces cut out from different compression plate materials. Moreover, the number of the compression plate eyepiece pieces 3 is not limited to four but may be two or more (the cutting process).

[4. Adhesive assembly process]
Next, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2 (b), the four compression plate pieces 3 that are cut and arranged with the plate surfaces facing up and down are each rotated 90 ° clockwise to form a square. FIG. 3C shows an arrangement in which the surfaces are the upper and lower surfaces and the plate surfaces are opposed to each other. As shown in the drawing, each compression plate material piece 3 is disposed with the cell surface 3b facing up and down and the plate surfaces 3a facing each other.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the plate surfaces 3a are abutted and bonded together. The plate surfaces 3a can be bonded to each other by, for example, high frequency bonding. That is, a water-based adhesive is applied to the opposing plate surface 3a of each compression plate member 3 arranged as shown in FIG. 2 (c), pressed from the left and right in the drawing, and pressure is applied. Is applied to increase the voltage at the site of the adhesive where water molecules are present, and the high voltage causes the adhesive to thermoset. Note that the present invention is not limited to this method, and any method may be used as long as each compression plate material 3 can be bonded to each other.

  Adhesives include aqueous polymer isocyanate adhesives, vinyl acetate resin adhesives, adhesives based on urea resins, adhesives based on epoxy resins, adhesives based on phenolic resins, Various adhesives such as a synthetic rubber adhesive can be used. In addition, when a level | step difference arises between the compression plate eyepiece pieces 3 after adhesion | attachment, what is necessary is just to scrape a surface part suitably and correct | amend to a flush surface part (above, an adhesion assembly process).

  As described above, the aggregated compression mesh material 10 is manufactured by bonding the compression plate mesh pieces 3 to each other at the plate surfaces. As shown in FIG. 3, the obtained compressed compression mesh material 10 includes a compression plate material piece 3, an adhesive portion 12 in which the plate surfaces of the compression plate material piece 3 are bonded to each other, and a compression plate And surface portions 10 a and 10 b configured as a continuous surface of the grid surface of the material piece 3.

  Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of the laminated compression mesh material and the laminated compression mesh material according to the present embodiment, the upper and lower surface portions 10a and 10b of the obtained laminated compression mesh material 10 are all grid surfaces, and heating The surface part 10a, 10b obtained because the early wood part is compressed by the compression process and the distance between the annual rings is narrowed, and the densely and attractive wood grain pattern in which the annual ring lines are in parallel with each other in a straight line is exhibited. It will be a thing. In addition, since the surface portion 10a, 10b has a grid surface in close contact with the late material portion, the strength is excellent. That is, it is possible to provide a compressed wood having both strength and beauty.

  Further, the grain material 1 is heated and softened in the heat compression step, and the softened grain material 1 is compressed and heated and fixed in the compression mold inner space 58, so that the thickness direction (that is, the growth direction of the annual rings) is substantially reduced. A compressed plate material 2 that is uniformly compressed is obtained. Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, the plate material 1 is compressed substantially uniformly, so that the cell pattern of the surface portions 10 a and 10 b of the resulting laminated compression cell material 10 is also in the width direction (the growth direction of the annual rings). The left and right direction in the figure) will exhibit a substantially uniform fine grid pattern, and the aesthetics of the wood will be improved. Similarly, it is possible to obtain a more stable strength because there is no non-uniform grid surface on the surface portions 10a and 10b.

  Furthermore, the above [2. As shown in the color tone stabilization step], simply heating and compressing the plate material 1 using the wood compression device 50 is performed to the extent that the surface portions 2a and 2b and the inner layer portion of the compression plate material 2 are browned. A large difference occurs, and the surface portion of the obtained laminated compression mesh material exhibits a non-uniform color tone in which white portions due to the surface portions 2a and 2b are present in the browned surface portion. It was. However, according to the present embodiment, the upper and lower surface portions 2a, 2b of the compression plate member 2 are wetted with water after the heating and compression step, and are heated again in the closed compression mold inner space 58 to generate heat. Moisture and vapor pressure browning requirements are satisfied, and the surface portions 2a and 2b can be browned. Therefore, the obtained laminated compression mesh material 10 exhibits a brown color tone (in a predetermined range) substantially uniformly on the surface portions 10a and 10b, and has an excellent aesthetic appearance.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of invention. For example, in the present embodiment, as described above in order to stabilize the color tone and further improve the aesthetic appearance [2. [Color tone stabilization step] is added, but this is not essential. From the above embodiment, [2. Even when the color tone stabilization process] is omitted, as shown in FIG. 4, the surface portions 10a and 10b have a non-uniform color tone, but have a dense and attractive wood grain pattern in which the annual ring lines are in parallel with each other in a straight line. By presenting, it has a certain aesthetic appearance and excellent strength.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, after mounting the board | plate material 1 after the cooking of "1-1. Heat softening process" on the bottom part 52a of the lower mold | type 52 of the compression type | mold 56, the surface part 1a of the board | plate material 1 , 1b may be moistened with water (see FIG. 1 (c)). As shown in FIG. 1C, this wetting can be performed with reference to the wetting operation in the “2. Color tone stabilization step”.

  According to this, as shown in FIG. 1A, the moisture of the surface portions 1a and 1b evaporates due to the contact between the heated upper die 54 and lower die 52 and the surface portions 1a and 1b of the plate material 1. However, since moisture is compensated for by the above-described wetting operation, it is expected that moisture will remain to some extent on the surface portions 1a and 1b after “1-1. Heat softening treatment”. It is expected that the difference in color tone between the surface portions 2a and 2b and the inner layer portion 2 is reduced.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the heat compression process is performed by the heat fixing process after the heat softening process using the steaming can and the wood compression apparatus 50, but is not limited thereto. Any processing can be used as long as it can heat and compress and fix wood.
For example, as described in Patent Document 1, after heating and softening with steam and high frequency in a high-temperature and high-pressure vessel, compression molding may be performed to fix the compressed shape in a high-temperature and high-pressure atmosphere.

  It is also possible to perform a drying set using a lithographic press / roll press, and then perform a fixing process such as heat treatment, high-pressure steam treatment, high-frequency or microwave heat treatment, chemical treatment, resin impregnation treatment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Board | plate material 2 Compression board | plate material 3 Compression plate | grain material piece 10 Integrated compression mesh material 10a, 10b Surface part 12 Adhesion part 50 Wood compression apparatus 58 Compression mold inner space

Claims (1)

A heating and compressing step of obtaining a compressed plate material by heating and compressing the plate material in the thickness direction;
A cutting step of cutting the compression plate material in the thickness direction at a predetermined interval in the tangential direction of the annual rings of the compression plate material to obtain a plurality of compression plate material pieces;
It possesses an adhesive assembly to obtain the assembly compression vertical grain material made by adhering assembled against the cross grain surface of the plurality of compressed cross grain material pieces to each other,
The heating and compression step includes
After heat softening treatment of the plate material, including heat fixing the shape compressed in the compression mold inner space in the closed state,
The heating and compression step includes
Using a compression mold having an upper mold and a lower mold that can be heated and lowered, and by heating and compressing the plate material in the thickness direction with the heated upper mold and lower mold,
After the heating and compression step and before the cutting step,
The upper and lower plate surfaces of the compression plate material are moistened with water, and the compression plate material is heated again by the upper mold and the lower mold heated in the closed compression mold inner space to stabilize the color tone. A method for producing a laminated compression mesh material, comprising a color tone stabilization step.

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