JP6418972B2 - Wind direction anemometer and wind direction wind speed measurement method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind direction anemometer and a wind direction wind speed measurement method for obtaining a wind direction and a wind speed by calculation by detecting a pressure due to an air flow.

Wind speed anemometers are widely used for the purpose of observing weather conditions, ventilation conditions, etc. For example, when deciding a construction site for a wind power generator, it is necessary to measure the wind speed and direction at various points and altitudes. There is.
As a general anemometer, a cup anemometer, a windmill anemometer, an ultrasonic anemometer, and the like are known. Recently, long-distance measurements have been performed by SODAR and LIDAR using ultrasonic waves and lasers.

  Patent Documents 1 to 3 are known for wind direction anemometers that obtain the wind direction and wind speed by calculating the pressure due to the air flow.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-38033 JP 2000-258555 A JP 2011-89842 A

However, a cup-type anemometer and a windmill-type anemometer require a certain amount of installation space, and SODAR and LIDAR are expensive and heavy, so the installation cost is high, and the installation location and altitude can be changed at any time. It is difficult to do.
Further, in an anemometer that calculates the wind direction and wind speed by detecting the pressure due to the air flow, it is necessary to accurately specify the direction in which the pressure value becomes the maximum value.
For this reason, in the anemometers described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to install a number of pressure sensors along the horizontal circumference in order to increase the accuracy of the measurement value, which requires cost. Poor portability.
In the wind direction anemometer described in Patent Document 3, the wind direction and wind speed are obtained by calculation by rotating one pressure sensor, but an accurate maximum pressure is obtained unless pressure is detected at every minute angle. It takes time to measure.

  Therefore, the present invention makes it possible to accurately measure the wind direction and the wind speed even when the measurement angle interval in the circumferential direction is large, such as 10 ° to 30 °, using a minimum pressure sensor, and is low in cost and portable. The object is to provide an abundant lightweight compact anemometer and wind direction anemometer.

In order to solve the above problems, the anemometer of the present invention is an anemometer that detects the wind direction and the wind speed by detecting the pressure due to the airflow, and introduces the airflow through the pressure detection hole. A pressure gauge comprising a pressure measuring pipe that performs pressure measurement and a pressure sensor that detects the pressure in the pressure detection hole;
A driving device that drives the pressure gauge to circulate, drives the driving device so that the pressure detection hole of the pressure measuring tube circulates in all directions, and records the measurement value of the pressure sensor at every predetermined azimuth angle. Among the measured values of the pressure measurement result recording means and the pressure sensor recorded in the pressure measurement result recording means, the azimuth and the measured values are (α, P1), (α + α _r , P2), Based on the mathematical formulas (1) and (2), the calculation means for calculating the maximum pressure P _max (U) in the pressure detection hole and the direction α _max when indicating the maximum pressure P _max (U), and the calculation And a calculation means for calculating the wind direction and the wind speed based on the maximum pressure P _max (U) and the direction calculated by the means, and the atmospheric pressure, the atmospheric temperature and the humidity around the pressure detection hole.
P1 = _Pmax (U) · F (α) ··· (1)
P2 = P _max (U) · F (α + α _r ) (2)
However, F (α) is acquired at a plurality of wrapping angles (α) including a position (α = 0 °) where the pressure detection hole of the pressure measuring tube directly faces the wind with respect to a predetermined wind speed. A function of the standard value with the lap angle (α) as a variable, specified in advance by a standard value obtained by dividing each measurement value of the pressure sensor by the maximum measurement value obtained at the position where the pressure detection hole directly faces the wind It is.

The wind direction and wind speed measuring method of the present invention is a wind direction and wind speed measuring method for calculating the wind direction and the wind speed by detecting the pressure due to the air flow, and a pressure measuring tube for introducing the air flow through the pressure detection hole. And a pressure gauge for detecting the pressure of the pressure detection hole, a step for installing the wind direction and wind speed at a high altitude step, and a pressure detection hole of the pressure measurement pipe circulated in all directions, Among the measured values of the pressure sensor recorded in the pressure measurement result recording means, the azimuth and the measured value are (α, P1), (α + α _r , P2) and the following formulas (1) and (2), the maximum pressure P _max (U) in the pressure detection hole and the orientation α when indicating the maximum pressure P _max (U) a step of calculating _max , and the maximum pressure calculated by the calculating means And calculating the wind speed and direction based on P _max (U) and direction.
P1 = _Pmax (U) · F (α) ··· (1)
P2 = P _max (U) · F (α + α _r ) (2)
However, F (α) is acquired at a plurality of wrapping angles (α) including a position (α = 0 °) where the pressure detection hole of the pressure measuring tube directly faces the wind with respect to a predetermined wind speed. A function of the standard value with the lap angle (α) as a variable, specified in advance by a standard value obtained by dividing each measurement value of the pressure sensor by the maximum measurement value obtained at the position where the pressure detection hole directly faces the wind It is.

According to the present invention, it is possible to measure the wind direction and the wind speed with high accuracy only by measuring the azimuth and the pressure of the pressure detection hole at two arbitrary points using the minimum pressure sensor, so that it is low in cost and portable. A rich anemometer can be realized.
For example, in the construction of a wind power generator, it is necessary to monitor the flow field around the windmill as a wind condition measurement and assessment of the windmill installation site and after the construction.
By taking advantage of the lightness and compactness of the anemometer according to the present invention, it can be installed arbitrarily on a multi-rotor (sometimes called "multi-copter" or "drone"), which is one of unmanned airplanes. Wind direction and speed can be observed in the spatial region (point and altitude)

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure gauge for explaining the basic principle of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the pressure gauge. FIG. 3 is a view showing a modification of the pressure sensor in which pressure detection holes are provided at three locations. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the pressure distribution with respect to the rotation angle when the main flow velocity is 5 m / s. FIG. 5 shows respective pressure distributions measured in a range of ± 60 ° centered on the position where the pressure detection holes face each other when the main flow velocity is 5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m / s, and 25 m / s. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a result obtained by normalizing the result of FIG. 5 by dividing the result by each maximum pressure measurement value. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the overall configuration of the embodiment. FIG. 8 is a view showing a modification in which the pressure measuring tube is L-shaped. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a modification in which two L-shaped pressure measuring tubes are opposed to each other on a straight line.

The basic principle of the present invention will be described using experimental examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pressure gauge 1 includes a cylindrical pressure measuring tube 1 a and a pressure sensor 1 b, and is disposed perpendicular to the main flow U. The upper end of the pressure measurement pipe 1a is closed, and a pressure sensor 1b provided on the side surface is connected to the pressure measurement pipe 1a with a pressure detection hole 1c as an opening and connected to the open end of the pressure measurement pipe 1a with a pipe or the like. Measure by
The pressure measuring tube 1a is vertically attached to the support device 2 at the measurement point, and rotates around an axis using a motor capable of controlling the rotation angle, such as a stepping motor or a servo motor, as a driving device.
However, when installing on the multi-rotor, the support device 2 is fixed on the gimbal installed on the multi-rotor from the viewpoint of suppressing the change in the posture of the support device due to the attitude control and vibration of the multi-rotor itself. It is preferable to make the measuring tube 1a perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
In this experiment, a pressure sensor provided with an outer diameter of 6 mm, an inner diameter of 3 mm of the pressure measuring tube 1a, and a diameter of 0.5 mm of the pressure detection hole 1c was used.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the pressure gauge 1.
A cylindrical pressure measuring tube 1a having an outer diameter of 6 mm and an inner diameter of 3 mm has a height of 200 mm and is closed at both ends. A pressure detection hole 1c having a diameter of 0.5 mm is formed 50 mm from the upper end.
Near the lower end of the pressure measuring tube 1a, a pressure take-out part is provided, and the pressure inside the pressure measuring tube 1a is introduced into the differential pressure sensor type pressure sensor 1b by a tube or the like, and the pressure difference from the atmospheric pressure. Is measured as a voltage value.
A pipe having an inner diameter equivalent to the diameter of the pressure detection hole 1c is provided inside the pressure measurement pipe 1a, the end of this pipe is opened in the side wall of the pressure measurement pipe 1a, and the other end of this pipe is connected to a tube or the like. May be connected to the pressure sensor 1b.
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, when three pressure detection holes 1c ₁ , 1c ₂ , 1c ₃ are provided in the pressure measurement pipe 1a, three pipes 1d ₁ , 1d are provided inside the pressure measurement pipe 1a. ₂ and 1d ₃ are provided, one end is opened in the side wall of the pressure measuring tube 1a, and the other end is connected to the differential pressure sensor type pressure sensor 1b ₁ , 1b ₂ , 1b ₃ .
At this time, the pressure detection holes 1c ₁ , 1c ₂ , 1c ₃ are arranged so that the positions of the pressure measuring tubes 1a in the height direction are different from each other so as not to be located in the same rotation plane, and the respective pressures in the same azimuth direction. An average value is calculated based on the measured value.
In addition, in the case of having three pressure detection holes in order to take advantage of a plurality of measurement, if the respective rotation angle positions in the rotation surface are arranged at 0 °, 120 °, and 240 °, the pressure measurement tube is the fastest. By simply rotating 1a by 120 °, pressure measurements in all directions can be obtained.

Here, the outer diameter of the pressure measuring tube 1a needs to be designed from the viewpoint of maintaining a relatively stable flow around the cylindrical body. At that time, the Reynolds number Re = U · D / ν, which is one of dimensionless numbers representing the state of the flow field, is important. (U: main flow velocity, D: outer diameter of cylindrical body, ν: kinematic viscosity coefficient).
For the flow field around the pressure measuring tube 1a, the Reynolds number range where the Strouhal number is constant is about 5.0 × 10 ^{2 to} 3.0 × 10 ⁵ , and the critical Reynolds number is 4.0 ×. Since it is about 10 ⁵ , the dimensions should be determined so that the design Reynolds number is about 1.0 × 10 ^{3 to} 1.0 × 10 ⁵ .
For example, when the wind speed is 10 m / s, if the kinematic viscosity coefficient of air is 1.5 × 10 ⁻⁵ m ² / s and the outer diameter of the tube is 6 mm, the Reynolds number is 4.0 × 10 ³ , and the wind speed is 50 m / s. Even so, the Reynolds number is 2.0 × 10 ^4, which is reasonable.
However, in addition to consideration of Reynolds number, selection of materials is also important from the viewpoint of lightness considering the load due to the weight of the rotating motor in addition to surface roughness, natural frequency, and rigidity.

FIG. 4 shows, as an example, a pressure distribution with respect to a rotation angle with a rotation angle of 0 ° when the small hole 1c receives the main flow from the opposite direction at a main wind speed of 5 m / s.
The vertical axis of the figure represents the output (voltage value) of the pressure sensor 1b, which represents the differential pressure between the pressure p in the small hole 1c and the static pressure p _s of the flow field; P = p−p _s Yes.

FIG. 5 shows a rotation angle of 0 ° when the small hole 1c receives the main flow from the opposite direction, and the rotation velocity of the small hole 1c is within a range of ± 60 ° around the center U = 5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m. The measurement result of the pressure sensor 1b with respect to / s and 25 m / s is shown.
The maximum value P _max of the pressure distribution appears when the rotation angle toward the main flow direction is 0 °, and the value increases as the main flow velocity U increases.

FIG. 6 shows that the pressure distribution of the differential pressure P with respect to each mainstream speed is divided by the maximum value P _max at each wind speed in the range of the rotation angle ± 60 ° around 0 ° at which the maximum value of the differential pressure P appears. It is standardized by. As can be seen from this figure, the normalized pressure distribution is on the same curve with respect to the rotation angle in the mainstream direction regardless of the wind speed, and P / P _max is a function of the rotation angle α; F ( It can be seen that α).

This function F (α) is specified in advance as follows by a wind tunnel experiment.
As described above, the rotational angle 0 at which the maximum value appears in the cylindrical pressure measuring tube 1a in which the pressure sensor 1b is arranged for each wind speed of 5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m / s, 25 m / s. The pressure value is sampled by the pressure sensor 1b for each rotation angle in the range of at least ± 60 °, for example, every 10 °, centering on the angle.
For example, when data is collected every 10 ° in the range of the rotation angle 0 ° ± 60 ° where the maximum value appears, for example, 13 points of pressure value data P (−60 °, −50 °... 0 °... 50 °, 60 °).
In this experiment, using this data, polynomial approximation with the model function of F (α) as a quartic function is performed, each coefficient is obtained by using the least square method, and high-precision F (α) is obtained. However, when priority is given to cost reduction, weight reduction, and analysis load reduction, a lower order model function such as a quadratic function may be used.

  In addition, the peripheral speed at the time of rotating the pressure measurement pipe | tube 1a must be low enough compared with the mainstream speed. In addition, the frequency for collecting the pressure value data P needs to secure a sufficient number of data for analysis. When the data is acquired every rotation angle of 10 °, the sampling frequency is 36 Hz when the rotation speed is 1 rotation / second. Set to.

As described above, the pressure distribution around the pressure measuring tube 1a in the range of ± 60 ° with respect to the wind direction is as follows. When the main flow velocity is U and the pressure sensor output at the rotation angle 0 ° is P _max (U),
P = P _max (U) · F (α)
It becomes.
Therefore, it can be expressed as follows at any two points with respect to a certain wind speed U and a certain wind direction α.
P ₁ = P _max (U) · F (α) (1)
P ₂ = P _max (U) · F (α + α _r ) (2)
Here, α _r represents a relative position between two points and is assumed to be known.

From Equation (1) and Equation (2),
P1 · F (α + αr) −P2 · F (α) = 0 (3)
Then, α max can be obtained by solving this equation.
If α max is obtained, −α max is the wind direction.
Further, P max can be obtained by substituting this α max into the formula (1) or the formula (2).

Therefore, when actually measuring the wind direction and wind speed, for example, true north is set to α = 0, the output of the pressure sensor 1b is recorded, and, for example, the pressure measuring tube 1a is connected in the same manner as when F (α) is obtained. Rotate at the same speed, sample the pressure measurement value of the pressure sensor 1b over every azimuth every Δθ = 10 °, and record it in the measurement result recording memory.
Among these pressure measurement values, the maximum value is specified, and the pressure measurement value n times before or after the azimuth α, that is, pressure at α _r = ± n · Δθ = ± n10 By setting the measured value as the reference pressure measured value _Pref , it is possible to calculate the wind direction α indicating the maximum pressure value by substituting both data into F (α) specified by the wind tunnel experiment.
However, as can be seen from FIG. 6, in the vicinity of the maximum value (−10 ° to 10 °), the amount of change for each angle is small and the error may increase, so at least one point is out of this range. It is preferable to select α and α _r such that α _r = ± 20 ° so that an angle is obtained.
Although Δθ is set to 10 ° as in the case of obtaining F (α), various selections such as 10 ° to 30 ° can be selected in consideration of measurement accuracy.

Here, the relationship between P _max (U) and U is as follows when ρ is the air density and the velocity coefficient is C.
U = C · (2P _max / ρ) ^1/2 (4)
C is a velocity coefficient, and can be obtained in advance at the same time as the function F (α) in the above-described wind tunnel experiment.
Further, when ρ is the air density, T is the air temperature, and Ps is the static pressure (atmospheric pressure) of the flow field, the following relationship is established.
ρ = [1.293 / (1 + 0.000036T)] · Ps / 1013
Since the density ρ is determined by the atmospheric pressure, the temperature, and the humidity at the measurement point, it is necessary to simultaneously acquire these data when measuring the pressure.
In this experiment, an atmospheric pressure sensor (absolute pressure sensor), an air temperature sensor, and a humidity sensor are built around the pressure measurement tube 1a. If the pressure measurement point is fixed, the weather observation information around it is used. May be.
As described above, the function F (α) and the velocity coefficient C may be obtained in advance by a wind tunnel experiment that is performed in advance, and as acquired data at the time of measurement, (1) the pressure of the pressure measuring tube at at least two points The rotation angle, (2) atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, and (3) azimuth and position coordinates.
Even when there is a response delay in the pressure sensor 1b, when measuring the wind direction and the wind speed, the pressure measurement tube 1a is rotated at the same speed as when F (α) is obtained by a wind tunnel experiment. Offset.
Of course, in any case, for example, every 10 °, the pressure measuring tube 1a may be intermittently rotated to delay the sampling of the pressure measurement value by the response delay.

A specific embodiment of an anemometer utilizing the above basic principle will be described.
FIG. 7 shows the overall configuration of this embodiment.
The pressure gauge 1 includes a cylindrical pressure measuring tube 1a and a pressure sensor 1b. In this embodiment, the pressure measuring tube 1a is a cylindrical body, the upper surface is closed, the lower surface is opened, and a pressure detection hole is formed on the side surface. 1c is formed. In this embodiment, the one shown in FIG. 2 is used, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical body is set to 6 mm, and the diameter of the pressure detection hole 1c is set to 0.5 mm. Also, below the pressure measuring tube 1a, a differential pressure between the atmospheric pressure outside the pressure measuring tube 1a and the internal pressure of the pressure measuring tube 1a due to the air flow passing through the pressure detection hole 1c is output as a voltage value. A pressure sensor 1b is attached.
In addition, when high responsiveness is required, such as measuring the degree of turbulence, the pressure sensor 1b is directly attached to the small hole 1c, and when relatively low responsiveness is sufficient, as shown in FIG. The pressure measuring tube 1a is led from the open end to the pressure sensor 1b through a tube or the like.

  As the pressure measuring pipe 1a, in addition to the cylindrical type, as shown in FIG. 8, an L-shaped pipe whose tip is opened in the horizontal direction, and two L-shaped pipes as shown in FIG. In combination, a horizontal portion arranged in a T-shape, a one arranged at a certain angle, or the like can be adopted.

  The pressure gauge 1 is attached to a rotating disk 2a on the upper surface of the support device 2, and rotates the pressure detection hole 1c over 360 °. In this embodiment, the pressure detection hole 1c at the reference position is true north (α = 0), it is installed on the ground. The support base 2b that supports the support device 2 may be configured such that the height of the observation point of the wind direction and the wind speed from the ground can be adjusted by legs that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction. In addition, 2b is a support stand for the support device 2 and may be provided with a height adjusting device.

A stepping motor or servo motor is used as a driving device for rotating the rotating disk 2a, and the pressure gauge 1 is rotated at a constant speed from a reference position (true north; θ = 0 °) according to a command from the arithmetic control device 3 described later. The rotation angle, that is, the azimuth θ is output to the arithmetic and control unit 3 at every fixed rotation angle from the reference position.
In the case of the present embodiment, since one cylindrical pressure measuring tube 1a is used, the rotating disk 2a is rotated by 360 °, for example, by 10 °.
When two pressure measuring tubes are arranged on a straight line and pressure is simultaneously detected at different positions by 180 °, when the rotary plate 2a is arranged at 180 ° and three pressure measuring tubes every 120 °, It is only necessary to rotate 120 ° and sample the pressure measurement value of the pressure sensor 1b every 10 °.

  When the calculation control device 3 receives the wind direction / wind speed measurement start command, the arithmetic control device 3 performs initial adjustment so that the pressure detection hole 1c is at the above-mentioned reference position, and as shown in FIG. 4, the pressure sensor in true north (θ ° = 0) 1b is measured, and the measured value P (0) of the pressure sensor 1b is recorded in the measurement result recording memory 3a together with the direction (θ = 0 °; true north N).

Next, a command is output to a drive motor that circulates the turntable 2a of the support device 2, the pressure measuring tube 1a is rotated at a constant rotation speed, and the pressure sensor 1b is set at a timing for each set angle while referring to the rotation angle. Of the measured values P (Δθ), P (2Δθ), P (3Δθ)... Are obtained and recorded in the measurement result recording memory 3a for each azimuth angle.
For example, when the pressure measuring tube 1a is rotationally driven at 1 rotation / second and the measurement value of the pressure sensor 1b is recorded every 10 °, a sampling frequency of 36 Hz is required.
In addition, the peripheral speed accompanying the circulation of the pressure measuring tube 1a is extremely low with respect to the wind speed when a cylinder having an outer diameter of 6 mm is 1 rotation / second, and the influence of the peripheral speed can be ignored.

By repeating this measurement until θ reaches 360 °, measurement values of the pressure sensor 3a from α = 0 ° to 350 ° are recorded in the measurement result recording memory 3a.
Such measurement result recording may be repeated several times in succession, and an average value of these may be used when calculating a wind direction and a wind speed to be described later.

As described above, with respect to the pressure gauge 1, by a wind tunnel experiment, the pressure detection hole 1c circulates 360 ° with respect to a predetermined wind speed (5 m / s, 10 m / s, 15 m / s, 25 m / s...). The detected value of the pressure sensor obtained every 10 °; the maximum value obtained when P (0), P (10 °), P (20 °)... By dividing by P (0) which is (P _max ), normalization (1, P (10) / P (0), P (20) / P (0)... P (350) / P ( 10), a standard value function F (α) with respect to the wind direction (α) is determined.

A maximum value (P ′ _max , α ′ _max ) is specified from the converted wind speed value, and a reference wind speed value (P _ref , α ′ _{max ± αr} ) before and after the maximum value is specified.
Both data to the equation (2), by substituting the (3), the wind direction alpha _max indicating the maximum pressure measured value P _max is calculated by the alpha _max, it is possible to calculate the maximum pressure measured value P _max.
Thus, if the maximum pressure measurement value P _max is specified, the wind speed can be converted by the above-described equation (4). The calculated wind speed data is displayed on the display via the output device 4 and is recorded together with the measurement date and time so that it can be output to a printer or the like as a wind direction wind speed measurement result.

  In this embodiment, the case where the support device 2 is supported by the support base 2b is shown. However, the support device 2 is mounted on a multicopter, and pressure measurement values are obtained in conjunction with height information and position information from the multirotor. It is possible to record in the memory, collect the memory from the multi-rotor, and calculate the wind direction and wind speed based on the recorded data. At this time, the support device is fixed on a gimbal installed in the multi-rotor, thereby suppressing the influence of the posture control and vibration of the multi-rotor itself.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize an anemometer that is low in cost and rich in portability, and not only measures wind conditions at wind turbine installation locations but also ensures safe operation of transportation facilities. It is expected to be widely adopted in various fields such as wind condition measurement.

1: Pressure gauge 1a: Pressure measuring tube 1b: Pressure sensor 1c: Pressure detection hole (small hole)
2: support device 2a; rotating disk 2b: support stand 3: arithmetic control device 3a: measurement result recording memory 4: output device

Claims (9)

An anemometer that detects the wind direction and the wind speed by calculating the pressure due to the air flow,
A pressure gauge that includes a pressure measuring pipe that introduces an air flow by wind through the pressure detection hole, and a pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the introduced air flow;
A driving device for driving the pressure gauge around,
A pressure measurement result recording means for driving the pressure detection hole to circulate in all directions by the driving device, and recording the measurement value of the pressure sensor for each predetermined angle αr of the azimuth;
Based on the measured values P1 and P2 corresponding to the two azimuth angles θ1 and θ2 among the measured values of the pressure sensor recorded in the pressure measurement result recording means, and the following mathematical formulas (1) and (2): Calculating means for calculating an azimuth angle αmax indicating the maximum pressures Pmax (U) and Pmax (U) by the wind;
The wind direction anemometer, comprising: calculation means for obtaining the wind speed and direction of the wind based on the maximum pressure Pmax (U) and the azimuth angle αmax calculated by the calculation means;
P1 = Pmax (U) ・ F (θ1) (1)
P2 = Pmax (U) ・ F (θ2) (2)
However, F (θ) is the measured value of the pressure sensor acquired at a plurality of turning angles θ including a position where the pressure detection hole directly faces the wind with respect to a predetermined wind speed. Is a normalized function divided by the maximum measured value obtained at a position directly opposite the wind, and is a function of θ.   The measurement values P1 and P2 are recorded measurement values of azimuth angles of -αr and + αr indicating azimuth angles indicating the maximum value among the measurement values of the pressure sensor recorded in the pressure measurement result recording unit. Item 1. An anemometer according to item 1.   The anemometer of claim 1 or 2, wherein the predetermined angle αr is selected from a range of 10 degrees to 30 degrees.   The calculation means calculates an azimuth angle αmax indicating the maximum pressures Pmax (U) and Pmax (U) due to the wind based on the measurement values at other azimuth angles in addition to the measurement values P1 and P2. An anemometer as described in any one of -3.   The anemometer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a support device that supports the pressure gauge and the drive device, wherein the height of the support device is adjustable. The pressure gauge and the driving device are mounted on a multi-rotor,
The multi-rotor has a gimbal that supports the pressure gauge and the driving device,
The anemometer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the multirotor position information and altitude information are further recorded in the pressure measurement result recording means.   The anemometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an atmospheric pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, or a humidity sensor. A wind direction and wind speed measurement method for calculating a wind direction and a wind speed by detecting a pressure caused by an air flow,
The pressure detection hole is circulated in all directions, an air flow by wind is introduced through the pressure detection hole at every predetermined angle αr of the azimuth angle, and the pressure of the introduced air flow is detected by a pressure sensor. Recording the measured value;
Based on the measured values P1 and P2 corresponding to the two azimuth angles θ1 and θ2 among the measured values of the pressure sensor recorded in the pressure measurement result recording means, and the following mathematical formulas (1) and (2): Calculating the azimuth angle αmax indicating the maximum pressures Pmax (U) and Pmax (U) by the wind;
Obtaining the wind speed and direction of the wind based on the maximum pressure Pmax (U) and the azimuth angle αmax calculated by the calculation means,
Prior to the recording step, the measurement values of the pressure sensor are acquired at a plurality of rotation angles θ including a position where the pressure detection hole directly faces the wind with respect to a predetermined wind speed, and the pressure detection hole The wind direction and wind speed measuring method further comprising the step of obtaining a normalization function F (θ) divided by the maximum measured value obtained at a position directly opposite to the wind;
P1 = Pmax (U) ・ F (θ1) (1)
P2 = Pmax (U) ・ F (θ2) (2)
However, F (θ) is a function of θ.   The measurement values P1 and P2 are recorded measurement values of azimuth angles of -αr and + αr indicating azimuth angles indicating the maximum value among the measurement values of the pressure sensor recorded in the pressure measurement result recording unit. Item 9. The wind direction and wind speed measuring method according to Item 8.

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