JP6384542B2 - Air spring - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air spring, and more particularly to an air spring that can sufficiently attenuate fluctuations in a vehicle body in a railway vehicle.

  In a railway vehicle, an air spring is disposed between the vehicle main body and the carriage in order to reduce / attenuate impact and vibration applied to the vehicle body when the vehicle is traveling. The air spring mainly includes an upper surface plate connected to the vehicle body side, a lower surface plate disposed below the upper surface plate, and a rubber diaphragm disposed so as to connect the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate. Due to the elastic deformation, it is possible to reduce impact and vibration during traveling.

  A conventional air spring communicates with an auxiliary tank via an air restrictor. The air spring can attenuate and suppress the impact and vibration during traveling by the resistance when the gas enclosed in the air spring and the auxiliary tank moves between the two through the air throttle.

  Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-162156 describes an air spring device for a vehicle in which an air spring disposed between a carriage and a vehicle body and a control device for the air spring are combined. The air spring is provided with a variable air throttle including a drive source in an air passage between the inner chamber and the external auxiliary air chamber, and the control device can change the variable air throttle according to the travel point and travel speed of the vehicle. The air throttle can be controlled. In this air spring, the space in the diaphragm communicated via the air restrictor and the internal space of the laminated rubber are connected to the internal space of the auxiliary air chamber through the air supply pipe. It is described that a damping action against shaking or the like can be generated. In addition, an air spring provided with a damper to enhance the damping action is known.

JP 2011-162156 A

  However, there is a need for an air spring that can produce a greater damping action than conventional air springs that produce a damping action using an air restrictor. Further, the conventional air spring provided with a damper or the like has a problem that the damper or the like needs to be attached inside, and the entire structure is complicated and large.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. A main object of the present invention is to provide an air spring that has a simple structure but a large damping action as compared with a conventional air spring.

  An air spring according to the present invention connects a first support member, a second support member disposed at an interval in the main load direction as viewed from the first support member, and the first support member and the second support member. Thus, a closed space is formed, and includes a diaphragm that can be elastically deformed and a room that can be deformed according to the deformation of the diaphragm, and a fluid is disposed inside the room.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, compared with the conventional air spring, an air spring with a large damping | damping effect | action can be provided, although a structure is simple.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the air spring according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a top view of the air spring shown in FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the air spring according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 4 is a top view of the air spring shown in FIG. 3. It is a modification of the air spring which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an air spring according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a top view of the air spring shown in FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the air spring according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a top view of a modification of the air spring according to Embodiment 2. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

[Description of Embodiment of Present Invention]
First, the outline of the embodiment of the present invention will be enumerated.

  (1) The air springs 1 and 2 according to the present embodiment include a first support member (10) and a second support member arranged at intervals in the main load direction as viewed from the first support member (10). (20), the first support member (10), and the second support member (20) are connected to form a closed space, which can be deformed in accordance with the elastic deformation of the diaphragm 50 and the deformation of the diaphragm 50. The room (3, 4) is provided, and the fluid 5 is arranged inside the room (3, 4).

  Here, the deformation of the diaphragm 50 is caused when the relative positional relationship between the first support member (10) and the second support member (20) changes in an arbitrary direction. For example, those occurring in the direction along the main load direction, the direction perpendicular to the main load direction, and the like can be mentioned.

In this way, when the room is deformed in accordance with the deformation of the diaphragm 50, the fluid 5 contained in the room moves inside the room. At this time, since the fluid 5 is pressed against the wall portion of the room to give a resistance force, the resistance force acts to suppress the deformation of the room. As a result , the deformation of the diaphragm 50 that has deformed the room ( 3,4 ) is suppressed, and the damping action of the air springs 1 and 2 can be enhanced. Moreover, since the air springs 1 and 2 should just be provided with the room ( 3,4 ) in which the fluid 5 is arrange | positioned inside, the structure is simple.

  Furthermore, at this time, if the relative positional relationship between the diaphragm 50 and the room is appropriately selected, a damping action can be caused regardless of the direction of deformation of the diaphragm 50, or the deformation of the diaphragm 50 in a specific direction can be reduced. In particular, the damping effect can be enhanced.

  (2) In the air spring according to the present embodiment, the first support member (10) is provided so that the vehicle body can be mounted, and the room (3,4) is adjacent to the first support member (10). Preferably it is provided.

  In this case, the carriage is connected to the second support member (20). When the vehicle body moves relative to the carriage, the first support member (10) moves relative to the carriage (in other words, the second support member (20)) according to the vehicle body. As a result, the diaphragm 50 is deformed by the movement of the first support member (10). Therefore, if the room is configured to be adjacent to the first support member (10) as described above, the vehicle body with respect to the carriage is compared to the case where the room is configured to be adjacent to the second support member (20). The amount of deformation of the diaphragm 50 associated with the relative movement can be directly converted into the strength of pressing against the wall of the room. Therefore, the relative movement of the vehicle body with respect to the carriage can be more effectively suppressed.

  (3) In the air spring according to the present embodiment, the room includes a first room 3 that can change according to the deformation of the diaphragm 50, and a second room 4 that communicates with the first room 3. The first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are preferably connected so that the fluid 5 can move between the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4.

  In this way, when at least the first chamber 3 is deformed according to the deformation generated in the diaphragm 50, for example, when the volume of the first chamber 3 is reduced, a part of the fluid 5 in the first chamber 3. Is pushed by the wall of the first chamber 3 and pushed out into the second chamber 4. At this time, since the movement of the fluid 5 involves a resistance, the resistance acts as a damping force against the deformation of the diaphragm 50. Thereafter, when the deformation of the first chamber 3 is eliminated and the volume of the first chamber 3 is recovered (increased), the fluid 5 pushed into the second chamber 4 flows into the first chamber 3 again. Conversely, when the volume in the first chamber 3 increases according to the deformation of the diaphragm 50, the pressure in the first chamber 3 weakens and the fluid 5 in the second chamber 4 enters the first chamber 3. Inflow. At this time, since the movement of the fluid 5 involves a resistance, the resistance acts as a damping force against the deformation of the diaphragm 50. Thereafter, when the deformation of the first chamber 3 is eliminated and the volume of the first chamber 3 is reduced, the fluid 5 that has flowed into the first chamber 3 is pushed out into the second chamber 4. As a result, the damping action of the air spring can be enhanced by the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4.

  Furthermore, after the deformation of the diaphragm 50 is eliminated, at least the deformation of the first chamber 3 is eliminated without delay, so that the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 can pass through the first and second fluids 5 to and from the first chamber 3. The state of the fluid 5 arranged inside the room 3 and the second room 4 can be returned to the state before the diaphragm 50 is deformed without delay.

  (4) In the air spring according to the present embodiment, the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are arranged in different directions when viewed from the center of the diaphragm 50 when viewed from the main load direction. The flow path 6 that connects the first room 3 and the second room 4 may be further provided.

  In this way, both the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are deformed with the deformation of the diaphragm 50, and further, the fluid 5 flows in the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 along with this. Can move. Accordingly, a resistance force is applied to the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 so as to suppress the deformation as the fluid 5 moves, and the resistance force acts as a damping force for the deformation of the diaphragm 50.

  Furthermore, when the fluid 5 moving between the first room 3 and the second room 4 moves in the flow path 6 connecting the first room 3 and the second room 4, the flow path 5 If 6 is made sufficiently thin, it will receive strong resistance. As a result, a stronger damping action can be exerted against the deformation of the diaphragm 50.

  (5) In the air spring according to the present embodiment, the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are arranged so as to overlap when viewed from the main load direction. 1 is provided on the diaphragm 50 side with respect to the support member (10), and the second chamber 4 is provided so as to face the first chamber 3 with the first support member (10) interposed therebetween. The first support member (10) may be provided with a flow hole 7 that connects the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4.

  Even in this case, at least the first chamber 3 is deformed along with the deformation of the diaphragm 50, and the fluid 5 can move in the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 along with this. As a result, a resistance force is applied to at least the first chamber 3 with the movement of the fluid 5 so as to suppress the deformation, and the resistance force acts as a damping force for the deformation of the diaphragm 50.

  Furthermore, the fluid 5 that moves between the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 has a strong resistance due to the movement being restricted by the flow hole 7 that connects the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4. Will receive. As a result, a stronger damping action can be exerted against the deformation of the diaphragm 50.

  (6) The air spring according to the present embodiment may be provided with a room over the entire circumference of the diaphragm 50 when viewed from the main load direction.

  In this way, even when the diaphragm 50 is deformed in an arbitrary direction without being limited to a predetermined direction in the air spring, a damping action can be exerted so as to limit the deformation in the direction depending on the room. .

  (7) When the air spring according to the present embodiment is viewed from the main load direction, the rooms may be arranged in different directions as viewed from the center of the diaphragm 50.

  If it does in this way, a damping action can be exhibited in a specific direction in an air spring. For example, this is effective in the case where the diaphragm 50 is deformed only in a specific direction.

[Details of the embodiment of the present invention]
(Embodiment 1)
Next, the air spring according to Embodiment 1 will be described.

  First, an air spring 1 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The air spring 1 according to Embodiment 1 mainly includes an upper surface plate 10 as a first support member, a lower surface plate 20 as a second support member, a rubber lower plate 30, a laminated rubber 40, and a diaphragm 50. I have. The upper surface plate 10, the lower surface plate 20, and the diaphragm 50 form a closed space S.

  The upper surface plate 10 mainly includes a support plate 11 and a sliding member 12. The shape of the support plate 11 is, for example, a circular shape centered on the axis (center axis) P as viewed from above the upper surface 11a. The support plate 11 is provided so as to face the lower surface plate 20 in the central portion including the axis P, and is provided so as to cover at least a part of the diaphragm 50 in the outer peripheral portion. Specifically, the outer peripheral portion of the support plate 11 has a bent portion 15 that is a portion bent along the outer shape of the diaphragm 50 downward in the main load direction when viewed from the support plate 11. Thereby, even when the diaphragm 50 deform | transforms, it can prevent that the diaphragm 50 contacts the support plate 11 and is damaged.

  The main surface 12a facing the lower surface plate 20 of the sliding member 12 is a surface with a reduced coefficient of friction. The sliding member 12 is provided at a position facing a sliding member 21 provided on an upper surface 20a of a lower surface plate 20 described later. The material constituting the sliding member 12 is, for example, SUS (stainless steel). A vehicle body-side spigot 13 that protrudes along the axis P to the opposite side of the lower surface plate 20 side is attached to a region including the axis P of the upper surface plate 10. An O-ring 14 is attached to the outer periphery of the vehicle body side spigot 13. The upper surface plate 10 is connected to the vehicle body side (not shown) via the vehicle body side spigot 13.

  The shape viewed from above the upper surface 11a of the support plate 11 is not limited to a circular shape, and has, for example, a rectangular shape, a petal shape, or a shape in which a part of the outer periphery protrudes in the radial direction D (see FIG. 1). You may do it.

  The lower surface plate 20 is disposed at a distance below the main load direction as viewed from the upper surface plate 10 so as to share the axis P with the upper surface plate 10. On the upper surface 20a of the lower surface plate 20 facing the upper surface plate 10, a sliding member 21 made of, for example, a fluororesin (PTFE-containing resin) is disposed.

  The diaphragm 50 forms a closed space by connecting the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20. That is, the diaphragm 50 is provided below the upper surface plate 10 and above the lower surface plate 20 in the main load direction. The diaphragm 50 is made of rubber, for example, and can be elastically deformed. The diaphragm 50 has an opening formed on the inner peripheral side, and has an annular cylindrical shape with the axis P as the center. Diaphragm 50 is connected to upper surface plate 10 at upper surface plate contact portion 51 that defines one opening. Diaphragm 50 is connected to lower surface plate 20 at lower surface plate contact portion 52 that defines the other opening. Thereby, the upper surface board 10, the lower surface board 20, and the diaphragm 50 form the space S1.

  The laminated rubber 40 is disposed on the side opposite to the upper surface plate 10 when viewed from the lower surface plate 20. The laminated rubber 40 has a plurality of hard layers 41 made of metal or the like and elastic layers 42 made of rubber or the like. For example, the laminated rubber 40 has a structure in which the hard layers 41 and the elastic layers 42 are alternately laminated in the main load direction. . The laminated rubber 40 is elastically deformable by having a plurality of elastic layers 42.

  The rubber lower plate 30 is disposed below the laminated rubber 40 so as to share the axis P with the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20. That is, the rubber lower plate 30 is connected to the lower surface plate 20 via the laminated rubber 40. In the vicinity of the axis P of the rubber lower plate 30, a cart-side spigot 31 that protrudes along the axis P to the opposite side of the laminated rubber 40 is formed. That is, a truck-side spigot 31 is attached to the rubber lower plate 30 as a small diameter portion that protrudes with the axis P as the central axis. The rubber lower plate 30 is connected to a cart (not shown) through a cart side spigot 31. Thereby, the lower surface plate 20, the rubber lower plate 30, and the laminated rubber 40 form a space S2. The space S1 and the space S2 described above are connected by the lower surface plate penetrating portion 22 provided in the lower surface plate 20, and form one closed space S inside the air spring. Further, the air spring 1 is provided with an air supply member (not shown) provided so as to be able to supply pressurized air to the closed space S.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a first chamber 3 and a second chamber 4 are provided in a region sandwiched between the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 and the diaphragm 50. The first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are arranged so as to face each other across the axis P of the air spring. The first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are arranged so as to extend by a predetermined length along the outer circumference of the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11.

  The wall 53 that defines the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 only needs to be made of an elastically deformable material, such as rubber. The wall portion 53 is connected to the lower side in the main load direction with respect to the support plate 11 at the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 and is connected to the outer peripheral end portion of the support plate 11 with a space therebetween. Yes. As a method for connecting the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 and the wall portion 53, any method can be selected. For example, both may be fixed by screwing, or both may be joined by adhesion. The wall portion 53 is connected to the upper surface plate 10 side of the diaphragm 50, and is provided so as to be deformable with the deformation of the diaphragm 50.

  As described above, the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 surrounded by the support plate 11 and the wall portion 53 are formed in the region sandwiched between the bent portion 15 and the diaphragm 50. . The first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are each provided such that the width in the radial direction D of the support plate 11 is shorter than the length along the outer circumference of the bent portion 15 (length in the circumferential direction R). Yes. The first room 3 and the second room 4 are provided, for example, with the same dimensions.

  The first room 3 and the second room 4 are connected by a distribution pipe 8. Specifically, the flow path 6 includes a flow hole 7 penetrating vertically in the main load direction in the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 that defines the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4, and the support plate 11. The flow hole 7 provided in the first chamber 3 and the flow hole 8 provided so as to communicate with the flow hole 7 provided in the second chamber 4 are configured.

  The width of the flow hole 7 in the radial direction D is provided to be narrower than the width of the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 in the radial direction D. That is, the flow hole 7 functions as a throttle that provides resistance to the fluid 5 described later. The circulation hole 7 is provided along the first room 3 and the second room 4 in the circumferential direction R. The circulation hole 7 is provided so as to have an arbitrary hole diameter in the circumferential direction R. For example, the circulation hole 7 is provided in a central portion in the circumferential direction R of the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4. The flow hole 7 may be provided as one hole having a length equivalent to the length in the circumferential direction of the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4, for example.

  The flow pipe 8 only needs to be made of an arbitrary material, and is made of, for example, alloy steel, and is provided so as to communicate the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4.

  A plurality of circulation holes 7 may be formed at intervals along the circumferential direction R, for example. In this case, the flow pipe 8 only needs to communicate with each of the flow holes 7. A plurality of flow holes 7 may be formed at intervals along the radial direction D, for example. In this case, the plurality of flow pipes 8 may be formed concentrically around the axis P so as to communicate with each flow hole 7.

  The first chamber 3, the second chamber 4, and the flow pipe 8 form a closed space inside thereof, and the fluid 5 is filled and sealed therein. The fluid 5 can be composed of any gas, liquid, or the like as long as it can move in the space. Preferably, the fluid 5 is a viscous liquid. Preferably, the fluid 5 is a liquid that does not corrode the materials constituting the support plate 11 and the wall portion 53. Preferably, the fluid 5 is a liquid that does not evaporate or freeze in the temperature range in which the air spring 1 is used. The fluid 5 may be a liquid containing an antifreeze such as glycol and water, or may be silicon oil such as fluorosilicone.

  Next, the operation of the air spring 1 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. The air spring 1 can suppress a change in relative position between the vehicle and the carriage. The relative position variation between the vehicle and the carriage causes a relative position variation between the upper surface plate 10 on which the vehicle is mounted and the lower surface plate 20 fixed on the carriage in the air spring 1.

  Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, for example, the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20 are relatively distanced in the direction perpendicular to the main load direction and from the first chamber 3 toward the second chamber 4. When only X is moved, the wall portion 53 of the first chamber 3 is pressed against the diaphragm 50 as the relative position of the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20 changes, and the volume of the first chamber 3 is reduced. . As a result, the fluid 5 filled in the first chamber 3 is pushed out to the flow pipe 8 through the flow hole 7. At this time, since the width in the radial direction D of the flow hole 7 is narrower than the width in the radial direction D of the first chamber 3, the fluid 5 receives a large resistance when flowing in the direction of the arrow A. That is, the deformation of the first chamber 3 is attenuated by receiving a resistance force from the fluid 5. In the second chamber 4, the space between the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 and the diaphragm 50 increases, and the volume increases. Therefore, the fluid 5 pushed out from the first chamber 3 to the flow pipe 8 moves along the flow pipe 8 in the directions of arrows C1 and C2 (see FIG. 2) and flows into the second chamber 4 (arrows). B).

  Thereafter, when the upper surface plate 10 moves relative to the lower surface plate 20 in the direction from the second chamber 4 toward the first chamber 3, the wall portion 53 of the second chamber 4 is pressed against the diaphragm 50. Thus, the volume of the second room 4 is reduced. As a result, the fluid 5 filled in the second chamber 4 is pushed out to the flow pipe 8 through the flow hole 7. As described above, since the width in the radial direction D of the flow hole 7 is narrower than the width in the radial direction D of the second chamber 4, the fluid 5 receives a large resistance due to the throttling effect when flowing through the flow hole 7. That is, the deformation of the second chamber 4 is attenuated by receiving a resistance force from the fluid 5. In addition, the space | interval of the bending part 15 of the support plate 11 and the diaphragm 50 expands, and the 1st chamber 3 becomes large in volume. Therefore, the fluid 5 pushed out from the second chamber 4 to the flow pipe 8 flows through the flow pipe 8 into the first chamber 3.

  Thus, as the relative positions of the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20 change, the first chamber 3 or the second chamber 4 has walls due to the flow of the fluid 5 between them. Resistance to deformation of the portion 53 is generated. This resistance force is transmitted to the support plate 11 and the diaphragm 50, and acts as a damping force against the deformation of the diaphragm 50. As a result, the air spring 1 according to the first embodiment can exhibit a high damping action with respect to the relative position variation between the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20 in the radial direction D.

  That is, the following points are mentioned as an effect of the air spring according to the first embodiment.

  The air spring 1 is provided so as to be deformable in accordance with the deformation of the diaphragm 50, and is arranged so as to face each other with the axis P interposed therebetween, and the first chamber 3 and the first chamber. 3 and the second chamber 4 are provided, and a fluid passage 5 is enclosed in these. The first room 3 and the second room 4 are arranged so as to face each other with the axis P therebetween. At this time, if the relative position of the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20 changes along the radial direction D connecting the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 through the axis P, the diaphragm 50 With the deformation, the first room 3 and the second room 4 are deformed. At this time, the fluid 5 is taken in and out between the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 via the flow path 6, so that the diaphragm 50 is deformed into the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4. The damping force which suppresses can be produced.

  As described above, since the width in the radial direction D of the flow hole 7 is provided narrower than the width in the radial direction D of the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4, the fluid 5 flows through the flow hole 7. When flowing through, it receives a large resistance due to the squeezing effect. For this reason, the said damping force produced in the 1st room 3 and the 2nd room 4 can be strengthened.

  Moreover, since the fluid 5 has viscosity as described above, the resistance received when the fluid 5 flows through the flow hole 7 can be further increased. As a result, the damping force can be further increased.

  Referring to FIG. 5, a plurality of first rooms 3 and second rooms 4 may be provided. For example, two pairs of the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 that are opposed to each other with the axis P interposed therebetween may be provided. The two sets of the first room 3 and the second room 4 are provided so as to be orthogonal to each other in plan view, for example. In this way, it is possible to provide a wider direction in which the air spring 1 can suppress the relative position variation between the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, although the flow pipe 8 is formed on the support plate 11, it is not restricted to this. The flow pipe 8 may be provided inside a wall portion 53 that is installed between the support plate 11 and the diaphragm 50, for example. Further, the flow pipe 8 may be provided at a position facing the end 15e of the bent portion 15 through the wall portion 53, for example. The flow pipe 8 may be formed in any region as long as the deformation of the diaphragm 50 and the wall portion 53 is not hindered.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, the air spring 2 according to Embodiment 2 will be described. The air spring 2 according to the second embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the air spring 1 according to the first embodiment, but the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are continuous in the main load direction. Are different in that they are arranged. Specifically, the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are disposed so as to face each other with the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 interposed therebetween. A plurality of pairs of the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 that are arranged to face each other with the bent portion 15 interposed therebetween are provided so as to face each other with the axis P interposed therebetween as shown in FIG.

  The first chamber 3 is provided as a space defined by the lower surface of the bent portion 15 in the main load direction and the wall portion 53 in a region between the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 and the diaphragm 50. The second chamber 4 is provided as a space defined by the upper surface of the bent portion 15 in the main load direction and the wall portion 53 in a region facing the first chamber 3 with the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11 interposed therebetween. ing. That is, the wall portion 53 is provided so as to cover the upper side and the lower side of the bent portion 15 in the main load direction. The wall portion 53 is located between the support plate 11 and the diaphragm 50 on the lower side of the bent portion 15 in the main load direction (the lower side of the support plate 11 in the main load direction and the upper side of the diaphragm 50 in the main load direction). Region) to the end 15e of the bent portion 15. The wall portion 53 is provided so as to extend a predetermined distance from the end portion 15e to the axis P side on the upper side of the bent portion 15 in the main load direction.

  In a region where the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 face each other in the bent portion 15 of the support plate 11, a flow hole 7 as a flow passage 6 that communicates the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4. Is provided.

  Next, the operation of the air spring 2 according to Embodiment 2 will be described. With reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, for example, when the upper surface plate 10 and the lower surface plate 20 are moved by a distance Y in the main load direction so as to be close to each other, As the position changes, the wall portion 53 of the first chamber 3 is pressed against the diaphragm 50 and the volume of the first chamber 3 is reduced. As a result, the fluid 5 filled in the first chamber 3 is pushed out to the second chamber 4 through the flow passage 6 (flow hole 7). At this time, since the width in the radial direction D of the flow hole 7 is narrower than the width in the radial direction D of the first chamber 3, the fluid 5 receives a large resistance when flowing along the arrow E. That is, the deformation of the first chamber 3 is attenuated by receiving a resistance force from the fluid 5.

  Further, since the second chamber 4 is provided so as to be deformable, the fluid 5 pushed out from the first chamber 3 by the wall portion 53 flows into the second chamber 4 through the circulation hole 7. At this time, since the second chamber 4 is made of an elastically deformable material as described above, the wall portion 53 constituting the second chamber 4 is deformed by receiving the inflow of the fluid 5. Along with this, stress is generated in the wall portion 53. Therefore, the movement of the fluid 5 from the first chamber 3 to the second chamber 4 is suppressed by receiving resistance from the wall portion 53 of the second chamber 4 in addition to resistance due to the throttling effect of the flow hole 7. .

  Referring to FIG. 9, in air spring 2 according to Embodiment 2, first chamber 3 and second chamber 4 may be formed over the entire circumference of upper surface plate 10. In this case, a plurality of circulation holes 7 may be provided over the entire circumference of the upper surface plate 10 with a predetermined interval, or may be provided integrally over the entire periphery of the upper surface plate 10. If it does in this way, it will not be limited to the direction where the relative position fluctuation | variation of the upper surface board 10 and the lower surface board 20 produces, but also when the fluctuation | variation arises in arbitrary directions, the 1st chamber 3 and 2nd A damping force that suppresses deformation of the diaphragm 50 can be generated in the room 4.

  In the air springs 1 and 2 according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment, the room is constituted by the first room 3 and the second room 4, but is not limited to this. The room in the present embodiment is provided so as to be deformable in accordance with the deformation of the diaphragm 50, and may have any configuration as long as the fluid 5 is disposed inside. The room may include, for example, three or more rooms, and fluids 5 may be connected to each other so as to be movable between the rooms.

  In the air springs 1 and 2 according to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are provided so as to be adjacent to the upper surface plate 10 as the first support member. The first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 may be provided so as to be adjacent to the lower surface plate 20 as the second support member. In this case, the first chamber 3 and the second chamber 4 are provided in a region adjacent to the lower surface plate 20 and deformable according to the deformation of the diaphragm 50, for example, a region adjacent to the lower surface plate contact portion 52. It only has to be done. Even if it does in this way, compared with the conventional air spring, it can be set as an air spring with a large damping | damping effect | action though it is simple in structure.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the above-described embodiment can be variously modified. The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  1, 2 Air spring, 3 First chamber, 4 Second chamber, 5 Fluid, 6 Flow passage, 7 Flow hole, 8 Flow pipe, 10 Top plate, 11 Support plate, 11a, 20a Top surface, 12, 21 Slide Moving member, 12a main surface, 13 body side spigot, 14 O-ring, 15 bent portion, 15e end, 20 lower surface plate, 22 lower surface plate through portion, 30 rubber lower plate, 31 bogie side spigot, 40 laminated rubber, 41 rigid Layer, 42 Elastic layer, 50 Diaphragm, 51 Upper surface plate contact portion, 52 Lower surface plate contact portion, 53 Wall portion.

Claims (7)

A first support member;
A second support member disposed at an interval in the main load direction as viewed from the first support member;
A diaphragm that is elastically deformable by forming a closed space by connecting the first support member and the second support member;
According to the deformation of the diaphragm, comprising a room provided to be deformable by being pressed against the diaphragm,
The chamber extends along an outer periphery of the first support member;
An air spring in which a fluid is disposed inside the room. The first support member is provided so that a vehicle body can be mounted;
The air spring according to claim 1, wherein the chamber is provided so as to be adjacent to the first support member. The room includes a first room that can change according to deformation of the diaphragm, and a second room that communicates with the first room,
The first chamber extends along the outer periphery of the first support member;
The second chamber extends along the outer periphery of the first support member;
The first chamber and the second chamber are connected to each other so that the fluid can move between the first chamber and the second chamber. The air spring described. The first chamber and the second chamber are arranged in different directions when viewed from the center of the diaphragm when viewed from the main load direction,
The air spring according to claim 3, further comprising a flow passage connecting the first chamber and the second chamber. The first room and the second room are arranged so as to overlap when viewed from the main load direction,
The first chamber is provided on the diaphragm side with respect to the first support member, and the second chamber is provided to face the first chamber with the first support member interposed therebetween. And
The air spring according to claim 3, wherein the first support member is provided with a flow hole connecting the first chamber and the second chamber.   The air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the chamber is provided over the entire circumference of the diaphragm when viewed from the main load direction.   The air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when viewed from the main load direction, the chambers are arranged in different directions as viewed from the center of the diaphragm.

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