JP6375018B2 - Non-contact charging system, power transmission device and method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-contact charging system that performs non-contact power transfer between a power transmission unit and a power reception unit and is electrically connected to a power receiving side device and charges an electrical load such as a battery. The present invention relates to a technical field of a power transmission device and method, and a non-contact power reception device and method.

  As a charging device on which this type of device is mounted, for example, a function to recover from a power failure is realized by inserting a paddle on the power transmission side into a port on the power receiving side and turning on a mechanical limit switch in the port. For this reason, an inductive charging device that always turns on a communication circuit called an RF board has been proposed. In particular, it is described that the power-receiving-side RF board communicates with a power-transmitting-side device and generates a start signal for the power-receiving-side battery ECU based on the result of the communication (Patent Document 1). reference).

JP-A-10-304582

  According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to insert a power transmission side paddle into a power reception side port and press a mechanical limit switch in the port with the paddle. For this reason, there is a technical problem that it is extremely difficult to apply the technique described in Patent Document 1 to a charging device in which the power transmission unit and the power reception unit do not contact each other.

The present invention has been made in view of, for example, the above-described problems. A non-contact charging system capable of performing system recovery without requiring mechanical contact between a power transmission unit and a power reception unit , a power transmission device, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a mETHODS.

In order to solve the above problems, a non-contact charging system according to the present invention transmits power from a power transmission side device to a power reception side device in a non-contact manner, and charges a battery electrically connected to the power reception side device. In the contact charging system, the power transmission side device includes a power transmission unit, a control unit that controls AC power supplied to the power transmission unit, and a power transmission side communication unit, and the power reception side device is a power reception unit. And a power receiving side communication means, and a switching means for switching a state relating to the battery to a first state where charging is impossible or a second state where charging is possible, and the power transmission unit Before starting the power transmission, the micro power is transmitted to the power receiving unit, and the control unit is configured to transmit AC power supplied to the power transmitting unit when the micro power is transmitted to the power receiving unit by the power transmitting unit. Change the frequency, the power transmission side communication And the power-receiving-side communication means perform bidirectional wireless communication through a communication path that does not pass through the power transmission unit and the power receiving unit, on condition that the minute power is transmitted and received between the power transmission unit and the power receiving unit. And the switching means switches the state of the battery from the first state to the second state on the condition that the power receiving unit has received the minute power, and the power receiving side communication means After the state related to the first state is switched from the first state to the second state, the wireless communication transmits information indicating that the state related to the battery is the second state to the power transmission side device, The power transmission unit transmits power to charge the battery to the power reception unit on condition that information indicating that the second state is received, and the power transmission side communication unit and the power reception side communication unit include: The above Information regarding the battery charging control is bidirectionally transmitted and received through communication, and on the condition that the charging of the battery is completed based on the information regarding the battery charging control, the power transmission side device transmits the information to the power transmission unit. Stop supplying AC power.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a power transmission device according to the present invention includes a power transmission unit that transmits power to a power receiving side device in a contactless manner, a control unit that controls AC power supplied to the power transmission unit, and the power transmission unit. And a communication means for performing two-way wireless communication with the power receiving device via a communication path that is not interposed, and the power transmission unit charges (i) a battery that is electrically connected to the power receiving device. Before starting the transmission of the power to be transmitted, the power receiving side is used to establish the wireless communication and to switch the state relating to the battery from the first state where charging is not possible to the second state where charging is possible. (Ii) on the condition that information indicating that it is in the second state is received by the communication means, and starts transmitting power to charge the battery, and the control means Power is sent by the power transmission unit When it is transmitted to the power receiving side device, by changing the frequency of the AC power supplied to the power transmission unit, said communication means, by the wireless communication, transmits and receives information relating to the charge control of the battery bidirectionally, The supply of AC power to the power transmission unit is stopped on the condition that charging of the battery is completed based on information related to the charging control of the battery.

In order to solve the above problems, a power transmission method of the present invention includes: a power transmission unit that transmits power to a power receiving side device in a contactless manner; a control unit that controls AC power supplied to the power transmission unit; and the power transmission unit. A power transmission method in a power transmission device comprising: a communication unit that performs bidirectional wireless communication with the power receiving side device through a communication path that does not pass, wherein the power transmission unit is electrically connected to the power receiving side device A small amount for establishing the wireless communication and for switching the state relating to the battery from the first state incapable of being charged to the second state in which the battery can be charged before starting the transmission of electric power for charging the charged battery. Transmitting power to the power receiving side device and starting transmission of power for charging the battery on condition that the power transmission unit has received information indicating that it is in the second state by the communication means And the process Has, in the step of the minute power is power to the power receiving device, the control unit, the supplied to the power transmission unit changes the frequency of the AC power, said communication means, by the wireless communication, the A step of bi-directionally transmitting and receiving information relating to battery charging control, and stopping supply of AC power to the power transmission unit on the condition that charging of the battery has been completed based on information relating to charging control of the battery It has further.

  The effect | action and other gain of this invention are clarified from the form for implementing demonstrated below.

It is the schematic which shows schematic structure of the charging system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of each of the power transmission side apparatus and power receiving side apparatus which concern on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the return control process which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a characteristic view which shows an example of the relationship between the frequency which concerns on the output electric power of an inverter, and a receiving voltage for every distance between a primary coil and a secondary coil. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of each of the power transmission side apparatus and power receiving side apparatus which concern on 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the non-contact charging system of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
1st Embodiment which concerns on the non-contact charge system of this invention is described with reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG.

  First, the entire structure of the charging system according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the charging system according to the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 1, a power transmission side device includes, for example, a charger main body 101 installed in a parking space or the like, and a primary coil 102 electrically connected to the charger main body 101 and at least partially embedded in the ground. And is configured. On the other hand, a power receiving side device mounted on a vehicle 1 such as an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle is configured to include a secondary coil 202 electrically connected to a battery 201 for driving the vehicle 1. .

  Electric power is transferred between the primary coil 102 and the secondary coil 202 without mechanical contact (that is, non-contact) by magnetic field coupling such as an electromagnetic induction method and a magnetic field resonance method.

  Next, the detailed configuration of each of the power transmission side device and the power reception side device will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of each of the power transmission side device and the power reception side device according to the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 2, a charger main body 101 includes a rectifier circuit 113 electrically connected to a home or commercial AC power supply 103, a DC / DC converter 114 electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 113, and the DC / DC converter 114, and is configured to include inverter 115 that generates AC power from DC power, control circuit 111 that controls output voltage, frequency, and the like related to inverter 115, and communication circuit 112. ing.

  The power receiving side device is electrically connected to the secondary coil 202, and a rectifier circuit 203 that rectifies an electromotive force related to the secondary coil 202, a smoothing capacitor 204, and a control circuit 211 that controls the rectifier circuit 203 and the battery 201. And a communication circuit 212. The control circuit 211 and the communication circuit 212 are powered by an auxiliary battery (12V) that supplies electric power to an auxiliary machine (not shown) of the vehicle 1.

  A power switch 213 is provided between the control circuit 211 and the communication circuit 212 and the auxiliary battery. When the power switch 213 is in an OFF state, the control circuit 211 and the communication circuit 212 are in a standby state (low power consumption state). By controlling the control circuit 211 and the communication circuit 212 to be in a standby state, it is possible to suppress power consumption and prevent a decrease in the charge amount of the auxiliary battery and consumption of the auxiliary battery (so-called battery exhaustion). Can do.

  A main relay circuit 206 is provided between the smoothing capacitor 204 and the battery 201. The main relay circuit 206 is turned off when the charging process of the battery 201 is completed.

  Note that the communication circuits 112 and 212 are wireless communication circuits such as a wireless LAN and Bluetooth (registered trademark), for example. Via the communication circuits 112 and 212, for example, information relating to charging control, information relating to the battery 201, and the like are exchanged between the charger main body 101 and the vehicle 1 in both directions.

  Here, according to the research of the present inventor, the following matters have been found. That is, since the main relay circuit 206 is turned off after the charging process of the battery 201 is completed, the power receiving circuit of the power receiving side device is almost in a no-load state after the charging process is completed. For this reason, when a relatively high output power for charging the battery 201 is supplied via the secondary coil 202 at the start of the next charging of the battery 201, an excessive load may be applied to the power receiving side device. is there.

  In the present embodiment, when there is a charging request for the charger main body 101, the control circuit 112 is configured to output an infinitesimal power that does not exceed the electrical ratings of the components constituting the power receiving side device. 115 is controlled. On the other hand, in the power receiving side device, the activation control circuit 205 turns on the power switch 213 on condition that the activation control circuit 205 detects the minute electric power supplied via the secondary coil 202.

  As a result, the control circuit 211 and the communication circuit 212 return from the standby state, and the main relay circuit 206 is turned on. The control circuit 211 that has returned from the standby state transmits information indicating that the control circuit 211 has returned to the activated state to the charger main body 101 via the communication circuit 212.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to prevent a relatively high output power for charging the battery 201 from being supplied to the power receiving device even though the power receiving device is in a no-load state. .

  The return control process implemented in the charging system comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In FIG. 3, first, the control circuit 111 that has detected a charging request caused by, for example, pressing a switch provided in the charger main body 101 has an initial value at which the frequency related to the output power of the inverter 115 is determined in advance. The inverter 115 is controlled so as to become (step S101).

  Next, the control circuit 111 controls the inverter 115 so as to output minute electric power (step S102). As a result, power is supplied to the power receiving side device (that is, the vehicle 1) via the secondary coil 202.

  By the way, when the positional relationship between the primary coil 102 and the secondary coil 202 changes due to the parking position or the vehicle height of the vehicle 1, the resonance frequency between the power transmission side device and the power reception side device also changes. When the resonance frequency between the power transmission side device and the power reception side device is different from the frequency related to the output power of the inverter 115, the electromotive force in the secondary coil 202 is lowered. Then, there is a possibility that the power receiving side device does not detect that power is supplied.

  Therefore, the control circuit 111 controls the inverter 115 so as to output minute power while changing the frequency related to the output power of the inverter 115. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the control circuit 111 controls the inverter 115 so as to output minute electric power while changing from an initial value of a predetermined frequency to an end value of the frequency. . As a result, even if the distance between the primary coil 102 and the secondary coil 202 is relatively short or relatively far, it is possible to supply detectable power to the power receiving device.

  FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the relationship between the frequency related to the output power of the inverter and the received voltage for each distance between the primary coil and the secondary coil.

  Returning to FIG. 3 again, after the process of step S102, the control circuit 111 determines whether or not the frequency related to the output power of the inverter 115 is a predetermined end value (step S103). When it is determined that the frequency related to the output power of the inverter 115 is not a predetermined end value (step S103: No), the control circuit 111 changes the frequency related to the output power of the inverter 115 (in this case, increases). Inverter 115 is controlled to do so (step S104).

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the frequency related to the output power of the inverter 115 is a predetermined end value (step S103: Yes), the control circuit 111 determines whether or not the activation notification from the vehicle 1 has been received. Determination is made (step S105).

  Here, in the vehicle 1 (that is, the power receiving side device), in parallel with the processing in steps S101 to S104 described above, the activation control circuit 205 sequentially detects the voltage after the rectifier circuit 203, and the detected voltage However, on condition that the predetermined threshold voltage (see FIG. 4) has been exceeded, the power switch 213 is turned on (step S201).

  As a result, the control circuit 211 in the standby state returns to the activated state. Then, the control circuit 211 that has returned to the activated state transmits an activation notification, which is information indicating that the control circuit 211 has been restored to the activated state, to the charger main body 101 via the communication circuit 212 (step S202). .

  In the charger main body 101 (that is, the power transmission side device), when the activation notification has not been received before the process of step S105 is performed, the control circuit 111 has not received the activation notification from the vehicle 1. A determination is made (step S105: No), and an error notification is given to the user (step S106).

  On the other hand, when the activation notification is received by the charger main body 101 before the process of step S105 is performed, the control circuit 111 determines that the activation notification from the vehicle 1 has been received (step S105: Yes). A predetermined charging process is started (step S107). At this time, the control circuit 111 controls the inverter 115 so as to output relatively high output power for charging the battery 201.

  The “primary coil 102”, “secondary coil 202”, “communication means 112”, “communication means 212”, and “main relay circuit 206” according to the present embodiment are respectively referred to as “power transmission unit”, It is an example of “power receiving unit”, “power transmission side communication means”, “power reception side communication means”, and “switching means”.

Second Embodiment
Next, 2nd Embodiment which concerns on the non-contact charge system of this invention is described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the circuit configurations of the power transmission side device and the power reception side device are partially different. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the description overlapping with that of the first embodiment is omitted, and common portions on the drawing are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only fundamentally different points are described with reference to FIG. explain. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of each of the power transmission side device and the power reception side device according to the second embodiment having the same concept as in FIG. 2.

  In FIG. 5, the charger main body 101 includes an operation switch 121 such as a power button of the charger main body 101, a main relay circuit 122 provided between the AC power supply 103 and the rectifier circuit 113, an activation control circuit 123, It is configured with. ON / OFF of the main relay circuit 122 is controlled by the operation switch 121 and the activation control circuit 123.

  Here, in particular, the main relay circuit 122 of the charger main body 101 is turned off, for example, after the charging process is completed. As a result, the charger main body 101 is in a low power consumption state.

  On the other hand, the power receiving side device is provided with a switching circuit 221 that is electrically connected to, for example, an auxiliary battery or the like between the secondary coil 202 and the rectifier circuit 203. In the present embodiment, the control circuit 211 in the power receiving side device is always electrically connected to the auxiliary battery (that is, always in the activated state).

  When the user of the vehicle 1 desires to charge the battery 201 mounted on the vehicle 1, the user transmits a charge request to the power receiving side device, for example, by operating a predetermined button or the like. The control circuit 211 that has received the charge request controls the switching circuit 221 so as to output a minute electric power that does not exceed the electrical rating of the components constituting the charger main body 101.

  The activation control device 123 of the charger main body 101 turns on the main relay circuit 122 on condition that the minute electric power supplied via the primary coil 102 is detected. The control circuit 111 of the charger main body 101 in which the main relay circuit 122 is turned on performs a predetermined charging process.

  If comprised in this way, the user of the vehicle 1 can start charge of the battery 201, without getting out of this vehicle 1, and it is very advantageous practically.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist or concept of the invention that can be read from the claims and the entire specification, and non-contact charging with such a change. system, as well as the power transmission device and methods are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle, 101 ... Charger main body, 102 ... Primary coil, 103 ... AC power supply, 111, 211 ... Control device, 112, 212 ... Communication device, 113, 203 ... Rectifier circuit, 114 ... DC / DC converter, 115 ... Inverter, 121 ... Operation switch, 122,206 ... Main relay circuit, 123,205 ... Startup control circuit, 201 ... Battery, 202 ... Secondary coil, 204 ... Smoothing capacitor, 221 ... Switching circuit

Claims (7)

A contactless charging system that transmits power in a non-contact manner from a power transmission side device to a power reception side device, and charges a battery that is electrically connected to the power reception side device,
The power transmission side device is:
A power transmission unit;
Control means for controlling AC power supplied to the power transmission unit;
Power transmission side communication means;
With
The power receiving device is:
A power receiving unit;
Power-receiving-side communication means;
Switching means for switching the state relating to the battery to a first state where charging is impossible or a second state where charging is possible;
With
The power transmission unit transmits a minute amount of power to the power reception unit before starting transmission of power to charge the battery,
The control means changes the frequency of AC power supplied to the power transmission unit when the minute power is transmitted to the power reception unit by the power transmission unit,
The power transmission side communication means and the power reception side communication means are bidirectional on a communication path not via the power transmission section and the power reception section, provided that the minute power is transmitted and received between the power transmission section and the power reception section. Established wireless communication,
The switching means switches the state relating to the battery from the first state to the second state on condition that the power receiving unit has received the minute power.
The power receiving side communication means transmits information indicating that the state relating to the battery is the second state by the wireless communication after the state relating to the battery is switched from the first state to the second state. Transmitted to the power transmission side device,
The power transmission unit transmits power for charging the battery to the power reception unit on condition that information indicating that the second state is received,
The power transmission side communication means and the power reception side communication means bi-directionally transmit and receive information related to charging control of the battery by the wireless communication,
The non-contact charging system, wherein the power transmission side device stops the supply of AC power to the power transmission unit on the condition that charging of the battery is completed based on information related to charging control of the battery.   The contactless charging system according to claim 1, wherein the power transmission side device enters a low power consumption state after charging of the battery is completed. A circuit breaker capable of interrupting the supply of AC power to the power transmission unit,
The said circuit breaker interrupts supply of the alternating current power to the said power transmission part on the condition that charge of the said battery was complete | finished based on the information which concerns on the charge control of the said battery. The contactless charging system described. A power transmission unit that transmits power to the power receiving device in a contactless manner;
Control means for controlling AC power supplied to the power transmission unit;
Communication means for performing bidirectional wireless communication with the power receiving side device through a communication path not through the power transmission unit;
With
The power transmission unit (i) establishes the wireless communication before starting transmission of power to charge a battery electrically connected to the power receiving side device, and does not charge a state related to the battery. A small amount of power for switching from the first possible state to the second state that can be charged is transmitted to the power-receiving-side device, and (ii) information indicating that the second state is received by the communication means In the condition, start transmitting power to charge the battery,
The control means changes the frequency of AC power supplied to the power transmission unit when the minute power is transmitted to the power receiving side device by the power transmission unit,
The communication means bi-directionally transmits and receives information related to the charging control of the battery by the wireless communication,
The supply of AC power to the power transmission unit is stopped on the condition that charging of the battery is completed based on information related to the charging control of the battery. The power transmission device according to claim 4 , wherein after the charging of the battery is completed, the power consumption state is set. A circuit breaker capable of interrupting the supply of AC power to the power transmission unit,
The said circuit breaker interrupts supply of the alternating current power to the said power transmission part on the conditions that the charge of the said battery was complete | finished based on the information which concerns on the charge control of the said battery. The power transmission device described. A power transmission unit that transmits power to the power receiving side device in a non-contact manner, a control unit that controls AC power supplied to the power transmission unit, and a communication path that does not pass through the power transmission unit. A power transmission method in a power transmission device comprising:
The power transmission unit establishes the wireless communication before starting the transmission of power to charge the battery electrically connected to the power receiving side device, and the state relating to the battery cannot be charged. Transmitting a minute electric power for switching from the first state to the second state where charging is possible to the power receiving side device;
The step of starting the transmission of electric power for charging the battery, on condition that the information indicating that the power transmission unit is in the second state is received by the communication unit;
Have
In the step of transmitting the minute power to the power receiving side device, the control means changes the frequency of the AC power supplied to the power transmission unit,
The communication means bi-directionally transmits and receives information related to the charging control of the battery by the wireless communication,
The power transmission method further comprising a step of stopping the supply of AC power to the power transmission unit on the condition that the charging of the battery is completed based on information related to the charging control of the battery.

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