JP6356018B2 - LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE AND LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE MANUFACTURING METHOD - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a light emitting device including both a light emitting element and a control element. The present invention also relates to a light emitting device manufacturing method and a light emitting device design method for manufacturing a new light emitting device by arranging a control element for a light emitting device that already exists. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method of illuminating with the light emitting device.

  In recent years, GaN-based semiconductor light-emitting elements have made remarkable progress in increasing output and efficiency. In addition, high efficiency of semiconductor phosphors or various phosphors using an electron beam as an excitation source has been actively studied. As a result, light-emitting devices such as current light sources, light source modules including light sources, instruments including light source modules, systems including instruments, and the like are rapidly saving power compared to conventional ones.

  For example, a GaN-based blue light-emitting element is included as an excitation light source of a yellow phosphor, and a so-called pseudo-white light source is created from the spectrum of the GaN-based blue light-emitting element and the spectrum of the yellow phosphor, or an illumination light source, or It is widely practiced to use a lighting fixture that incorporates this, and a lighting system in which a plurality of such fixtures are arranged in a space (see Patent Document 1).

A packaged LED (for example, the package material includes the GaN-based blue light-emitting element, yellow phosphor, sealant, etc.), which is a kind of illumination light source that can be inherent in these forms, has a correlated color of about 6000K. There is a product whose light source efficiency as a package LED exceeds 150 lm / W in the temperature (Correlated Color Temperature / CCT) region (see Non-Patent Document 1).
In addition, the efficiency and power saving of liquid crystal backlight light sources are also progressing.

However, it has been pointed out from various directions that these light-emitting devices aiming at high efficiency are insufficient in consideration of color appearance. In particular, when used for illumination, the efficiency of light-emitting devices such as light sources / instruments / systems is improved, and “color appearance (Color)
"Appearance)" is very important.

As an attempt to take these into consideration, in order to improve the score of the Color Rendering Index / CRI (CIE (13.3)) established by the International Lighting Commission (Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage / CIE). Attempts have been made to superimpose a spectrum of a red phosphor or a red semiconductor light emitting element on a spectrum of a blue light emitting element and a spectrum of a yellow phosphor. For example, in a typical spectrum without a red source (CCT = about 6800K), the average color rendering index (R _a ) and the special color rendering index (R ₉ ) for a vivid red color chart are R _a, respectively. = 81 and R ₉ = 24, but when a red source is included, the color rendering index can be raised to R _a = 98 and R ₉ = 95 (see Patent Document 2).

  On the other hand, the inventor of the present application, based on new experimental facts regarding the color appearance of an illumination object, the appearance of the color perceived by humans can be measured outdoors regardless of the scores of various color rendering metrics (color rendition metrics). Illumination method, illumination light source, luminaire, illumination system, etc. that can realize natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, object appearance as seen in a high illumination environment The light emitting device in general is disclosed (see Patent Documents 3 and 4).

According to Patent Documents 3 and 4, in the range where the index A _cg related to the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device is −360 or more and −10 or less, the color appearance perceived by humans is natural, vivid, and visually recognized It is described that it is possible to realize a light emitting device that can realize a high-quality, comfortable, color appearance and object appearance.

Japanese Patent No. 3503139 WO2011 / 024818 pamphlet Japanese Patent No. 5252107 Japanese Patent No. 5257538

“LEDs MAGAZINE”, [August 22, 2011 search], Internet <URL: http://www.ledsmagazine.com/news/8/8/2>

However, the two patents include radiation efficiency K (Luminous) derived from the spectral distribution.
Although there is a detailed disclosure regarding Efficiency of Radiation (lm / W), there is no description regarding efficiency as a real light source, that is, light source efficiency η (Luminous Efficiency of a Source) (lm / W). In an actual LED light source, the latter is as important as the former, and is usually treated as an independent index of efficiency. The former (radiation efficiency K) is an efficiency that depends on the “shape only” of the spectral distribution of the light source in relation to the spectral luminous efficiency V (λ), and is a very useful index for considering the efficiency at the ideal time. It is. On the other hand, the latter (light source efficiency η) is an amount indicating how much power input to the light emitting device is converted into a luminous flux, and needs to be studied from a viewpoint different from the radiation efficiency.
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has reached a light emitting device with improved light source efficiency and a design guideline for the light emitting device in Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-159784.

A light source that satisfies the requirements already found by the present inventors as defined in Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-159784 is natural, lively, and highly visible, as seen outdoors, with an illuminance equivalent to an indoor lighting environment , Comfortable, color appearance, object appearance can be realized.
However, LED lighting is already in widespread use, and products that do not take color appearance into account are on the market. There are also many lighting fixtures / lighting systems that are put into practical use. However, even if the user feels unnatural about the color appearance and is dissatisfied, it is time-consuming to replace the target equipment / system etc. in order to improve the color appearance of these lighting equipment / lighting systems. It is not realistic considering the constraints and the economic burden of users.
The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, and it is possible to obtain the color appearance of a light-emitting device in which a semiconductor light-emitting device having an inferior color appearance already existing or in practical use is present. It was made to improve. Furthermore, in the present invention, a design method and a manufacturing method of such a light emitting device are also disclosed, and an illumination method using such a light emitting device is also disclosed.
Furthermore, the present invention also discloses a method of adjusting the color appearance of a semiconductor light emitting device with excellent color appearance and improved light source efficiency according to the user's preference using the same technique.

In order to achieve the above object, the first embodiment of the present invention relates to the following items.
[1]
A light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
At least as a light emitting element
Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
Green phosphor, and
Having a red phosphor,
Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (λ), the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (λ),
A light emitting device characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the following conditions 1 to 4 and light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions 1 to 4.
Condition 1:
The spectral distribution of the target light is φ (λ), the spectral distribution of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light is φ _ref (λ),
The tristimulus values of the target light are (X, Y, Z),
The tristimulus values of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T are (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref ),
The normalized spectral distribution S (λ) of the target light, the normalized spectral distribution S _ref (λ) of the reference light of the target light, and the difference ΔS (λ) between these normalized spectral distributions are respectively
S (λ) = φ (λ) / Y
S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S (λ)
And define
In the wavelength range of 380nm or more 780nm or less, the S a wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum of (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the lambda _RL-max than the long wavelength side S (lambda _{RL −max} ) / 2, where there is a wavelength Λ4,
Index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (1) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
And
On the other hand, in the range of wavelength of 380nm or more 780 nm, the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of the S (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the long wavelength side than the λ _RL-max S ( In the case where there is no wavelength Λ4 where λ _RL−max ) / 2,
The index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (2) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
It is.


Condition 2:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light has a distance D _uv from the black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377,
-0.0220 ≤ D _uv ≤ -0.0070
It is.
Condition 3:
For the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm to 495 nm is defined as φ _BM-max , and the minimum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm to 525 nm is defined as φ _BG-min. When
0.2250 ≦ φBG _-min / φBM _-max ≦ 0.7000
It is.
Condition 4:
Spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda) is the maximum value of the spectral intensity at 780nm following range of 590nm when defined as phi _RM-max, the wavelength lambda _RM-max providing the phi _RM-max is,
605 (nm) ≤ λ _RM-max ≤ 653 (nm)
It is.
[2]
In the light-emitting device according to [1], light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the following conditions I to IV, and light having φ _SSL (λ) has the following conditions I to IV A light emitting device satisfying all of the above.
Condition I:
The CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space a ^* value and b ^* value of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed are a ^* _N , b ^* _n (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination with the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is mathematically assumed When the a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the saturation difference ΔC _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
Condition II:
The average saturation difference in the target light represented by the following formula (3) is


It is.
Condition III:
When the maximum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _max and the minimum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _min , the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
Note that ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _n ) ² + (b ^* _n ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 types of modified Munsell color chart # 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
Condition IV:
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed is θ _n (degree) (where n is 1 to 15) Natural number)
Hue in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color chart when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light When the angle is θ _nref (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, Δh _n = θ _n −θ _nref .
[3]
A light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
At least as a light emitting element
Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
Green phosphor, and
Having a red phosphor,
Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (λ), the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (λ),
A light emitting device characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions 1 to 4 and light having Φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies all of the following conditions 1 to 4.
Condition 1:
The spectral distribution of the target light is φ (λ), the spectral distribution of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light is φ _ref (λ),
The tristimulus values of the target light are (X, Y, Z),
The reference light tristimulus values selected in accordance with the correlated color temperature T are expressed as (X _ref , Y _ref , Z
_ref )
The normalized spectral distribution S (λ) of the target light, the normalized spectral distribution S _ref (λ) of the reference light of the target light, and the difference ΔS (λ) between these normalized spectral distributions are respectively
S (λ) = φ (λ) / Y
S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S (λ)
And define
In the wavelength range of 380nm or more 780nm or less, the S a wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum of (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the lambda _RL-max than the long wavelength side S (lambda _{RL −max} ) / 2, where there is a wavelength Λ4,
Index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (1) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
And
On the other hand, in the range of wavelength of 380nm or more 780 nm, the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of the S (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the long wavelength side than the λ _RL-max S ( In the case where there is no wavelength Λ4 where λ _RL−max ) / 2,
The index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (2) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
It is.


Condition 2:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light has a distance D _uv from the black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377,
-0.0220 ≤ D _uv ≤ -0.0070
It is.
Condition 3:
For the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm to 495 nm is defined as φ _BM-max , and the minimum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm to 525 nm is defined as φ _BG-min. When
0.2250 ≦ φBG _-min / φBM _-max ≦ 0.7000
It is.
Condition 4:
Spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda) is the maximum value of the spectral intensity at 780nm following range of 590nm when defined as phi _RM-max, the wavelength lambda _RM-max providing the phi _RM-max is,
605 (nm) ≤ λ _RM-max ≤ 653 (nm)
It is.
[4]
The light-emitting device according to [3], wherein light having Φ _elm (λ) is a condition I to a condition IV below:
And the light having φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies all of the following conditions I to IV.
Condition I:
The CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space a ^* value and b ^* value of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed are a ^* _N , b ^* _n (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination with the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is mathematically assumed When the a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the saturation difference ΔC _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
Condition II:
The average saturation difference in the target light represented by the following formula (3) is


It is.
Condition III:
When the maximum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _max and the minimum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _min , the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
Note that ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _n ) ² + (b ^* _n ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 types of modified Munsell color chart # 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
Condition IV:
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed is θ _n (degree) (where n is 1 to 15) Natural number)
Hue in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color chart when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light When the angle is θ _nref (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, it is set as _{( DELTA) hn} = (theta) _{n- (} theta _{) nref} .
[5]
The light emitting device according to [1] or [3],
D _uv derived from the light-emitting derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted in the main radiation direction from the element D _uv a D _{uv (Φ elm),} the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device in the main radiation direction _Is defined as D _uv (φ _SSL ),
D _uv (φ _SSL ) <D _uv (Φ _elm )
A light emitting device characterized by satisfying the above.
[6]
The light emitting device according to [1] or [3],
The A _cg derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting element in the principal radiating direction _{A cg (Φ elm), A} cg derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device in the main radiation direction _Is defined as A _cg (φ _SSL ),
A _cg (φ _SSL ) <A _cg (Φ _elm )
A light emitting device characterized by satisfying the above.
[7]
The light-emitting device according to [2] or [4],
SAT _ave (Φ _elm ), the average of the saturation differences derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction,
When the average of the saturation difference derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is defined as SAT _ave (φ _SSL ),
SAT _ave (Φ _elm ) <SAT _ave (φ _SSL )
A light emitting device characterized by satisfying the above.
[8]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the control element is an optical filter that absorbs or reflects light of 380 nm ≦ λ (nm) ≦ 780 nm.
[9]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the control element has a function of condensing and / or diffusing light emitted from the light-emitting element. [10]
[9] The light-emitting device according to [9], wherein the condensing and / or diffusing function of the control element is realized by at least one function of a concave lens, a convex lens, and a Fresnel lens.
[11]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein an illuminance at which light emitted in the radiation direction from the light-emitting device illuminates an object is 5 lx or more and 10,000 lx or less. Light emitting device.
[12]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [11],
In the condition 2,
−0.0184 ≦ D _uv ≦ −0.0084
A light emitting device characterized by the above.
[13]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [12],
In the condition 4,
625 (nm) ≦ λ _RM-max ≦ 647 (nm)
A light emitting device characterized by the above.
[14]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [13],
A light emitting device characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 5 and light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 5.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
[15]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [13],
A light emitting device characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 6 and light having Φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 6.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
[16]
[15] The light-emitting device according to [15],
In the condition 6,
0.1917 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.7300
A light emitting device characterized by the above.
[17]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [13],
A light emitting device characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 7 and light having Φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 7.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
[18]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [13],
A light emitting device characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 8, and light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 8.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.
[19]
[14] The light-emitting device according to [14],
The light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 6 to 8, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is satisfied by the light having Φ _elm (λ) among the following conditions 6 to 8 If there are no conditions, at least one of the conditions is satisfied.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.
[20]
The light-emitting device according to [15] or [16],
The light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5, 7 and 8, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is the Φ _elm among the following conditions 5, 7 and 8 If there is a condition that light having (λ) does not satisfy, at least one of them is satisfied.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.
[21]
[17] The light-emitting device according to [17],
The light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5, 6 and 8, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is the Φ _elm among the following conditions 5, 6 and 8 If there is a condition that light having (λ) does not satisfy, at least one of them is satisfied.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the wavelength λ _BM− giving the φ _BM-max
max is
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.
[22]
[18] The light-emitting device according to [18],
The light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5 to 7, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is satisfied by the light having the Φ _elm (λ) among the following conditions 5 to 7 If there are no conditions, at least one of the conditions is satisfied.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
[23]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [13],
A light-emitting device characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions 5 to 8 and light having φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies all of the following conditions 5 to 8.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.
[24]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [23],
The light-emitting device, wherein the light having φ _SSL (λ) does not have an effective intensity derived from the light-emitting element in a range of 380 nm to 405 nm.
[25]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [24],
The blue semiconductor light emitting element is characterized in that a dominant wavelength λ _CHIP-BM-dom at the time of pulse driving of the blue semiconductor light emitting element alone is not less than 445 nm and not more than 475 nm.
[26]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [25],
The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the green phosphor is a broadband green phosphor.
[27]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [26],
The green phosphor has a wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max that gives a maximum value of emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of the green phosphor alone and is 511 nm or more and 543 nm or less,
A light emitting device having a full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm of 90 nm to 110 nm.
[28]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [27], wherein the light-emitting device does not substantially contain a yellow phosphor.
[29]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [28],
The red phosphor has a wavelength λ _PHOS-RM-max that gives a maximum value of emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of the single red phosphor is 622 nm or more and 663 nm or less,
A light emitting device having a full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm of 80 nm to 105 nm.
[30]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [29],
The blue semiconductor light-emitting element is an AlInGaN-based light-emitting element.
[31]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [30],
The green phosphor is Ca ₃ (Sc, Mg) ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₂ : Ce (CSMS phosphor), CaSc ₂ O ₄ : Ce (CSO phosphor), Lu ₃ Al ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce (LuAG phosphor) ) Or Y ₃ (Al, Ga) ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce (G-YAG phosphor).
[32]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [31],
The red phosphor includes (Sr, Ca) AlSiN ₃ : Eu (SCASN phosphor), CaAlSi (ON) ₃ : Eu (CASON phosphor), or CaAlSiN ₃ : Eu (CASN phosphor). Light emitting device.
[33]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [32],
The blue semiconductor light-emitting element is an AlInGaN-based light-emitting element having a dominant wavelength λ _CHIP-BM-dom of 452.5 nm or more and 470 nm or less during pulse driving of the blue semiconductor light-emitting element alone,
The green phosphor has a wavelength λ _P that gives a maximum value of emission intensity when the green phosphor alone is excited.
CaSc ₂ O ₄ : Ce (CSO phosphor) or Lu ₃ Al ₅ O characterized in that _HOS-GM-max is 515 nm to 535 nm and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm is 90 nm to 110 nm. ₁₂ : Ce (LuAG phosphor),
The red phosphor has a wavelength that gives a maximum emission intensity λ _PHOS-RM-max at the time of photoexcitation of the single red phosphor in a range of 640 nm to ₆₆₃ nm and a full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm of 80 nm to 105 nm. A light emitting device characterized by being CaAlSi (ON) ₃ : Eu (CASON phosphor) or CaAlSiN ₃ : Eu (CASN phosphor).
[34]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [33] is a packaged LED, a chip-on-board LED, an LED module, an LED bulb, an LED lighting device, or an LED lighting system. .
[35]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as a home lighting device.
[36]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as an illumination device for an exhibit. [37]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as an effect lighting device.
[38]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as a medical lighting device.
[39]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as a work lighting device.
[40]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as a lighting device for industrial equipment.
[41]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as an illumination device for transportation interior.
[42]
The light-emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as a lighting device for art objects. [43]
The light emitting device according to any one of [1] to [34], which is used as an illumination device for elderly people.

In order to achieve the above object, the second embodiment of the present invention relates to the following items.
[44]
A method of manufacturing a light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
Preparing a first light-emitting device having at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as a light-emitting element; and at least one of light emitted from the first light-emitting device in a main radiation direction Arranging the control element to act on the part and manufacturing the second light emitting device,
Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
The spectral distribution of light emitted from the first light emitting device in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (λ), and the spectral distribution of light emitted from the second light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (λ). ,
The light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the following conditions 1 to 4, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the conditions 1 to 4 is manufactured. Method.
Condition 1:
The spectral distribution of the target light is φ (λ), the spectral distribution of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light is φ _ref (λ),
The tristimulus values of the target light are (X, Y, Z),
The tristimulus values of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T are (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref ),
The normalized spectral distribution S (λ) of the target light, the normalized spectral distribution S _ref (λ) of the reference light of the target light, and the difference ΔS (λ) between these normalized spectral distributions are respectively
S (λ) = φ (λ) / Y
S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S (λ)
And define
In the wavelength range of 380nm or more 780nm or less, the S a wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum of (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the lambda _RL-max than the long wavelength side S (lambda _{RL −max} ) / 2, where there is a wavelength Λ4,
Index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (1) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
And
On the other hand, in the range of wavelength of 380nm or more 780 nm, the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of the S (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the long wavelength side than the λ _RL-max S ( In the case where there is no wavelength Λ4 where λ _RL−max ) / 2,
The index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (2) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
It is.


Condition 2:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light has a distance D _uv from the black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377,
-0.0220 ≤ D _uv ≤ -0.0070
It is.
Condition 3:
For the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm to 495 nm is defined as φ _BM-max , and the minimum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm to 525 nm is defined as φ _BG-min. When
0.2250 ≦ φBG _-min / φBM _-max ≦ 0.7000
It is.
Condition 4:
Spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda) is the maximum value of the spectral intensity at 780nm following range of 590nm when defined as phi _RM-max, the wavelength lambda _RM-max providing the phi _RM-max is,
605 (nm) ≤ λ _RM-max ≤ 653 (nm)
It is.
[45]
[44] The method for manufacturing a light emitting device according to [44], wherein light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the following conditions I to IV, and light having φ _SSL (λ) is from condition I to A method for manufacturing a light-emitting device, characterized by satisfying all of the conditions IV.
Condition I:
The CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space a ^* value and b ^* value of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed are a ^* _N , b ^* _n (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination with the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is mathematically assumed When the a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the saturation difference ΔC _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
Condition II:
The average saturation difference in the target light represented by the following formula (3) is


It is.
Condition III:
When the maximum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _max and the minimum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _min , the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
Note that ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _n ) ² + (b ^* _n ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 types of modified Munsell color chart # 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
Condition IV:
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed is θ _n (degree) (where n is 1 to 15) Natural number)
Hue in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color chart when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light When the angle is θ _nref (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, it is set as _{( DELTA) hn} = (theta) _{n- (} theta _{) nref} .
[46]
A method of manufacturing a light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
Preparing a first light-emitting device having at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as a light-emitting element; and at least one of light emitted from the first light-emitting device in a main radiation direction Arranging the control element to act on the part and manufacturing the second light emitting device,
Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
The spectral distribution of light emitted from the first light emitting device in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (λ), and the spectral distribution of light emitted from the second light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (λ). ,
The light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions 1 to 4 and the light having φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies all of the following conditions 1 to 4: Condition 1:
The spectral distribution of the target light is φ (λ), the spectral distribution of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light is φ _ref (λ),
The tristimulus values of the target light are (X, Y, Z),
The tristimulus values of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T are (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref ),
The normalized spectral distribution S (λ) of the target light, the normalized spectral distribution S _ref (λ) of the target light, and the difference ΔS (λ) between these normalized spectral distributions, respectively,
S (λ) = φ (λ) / Y
S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S (λ)
And define
In the wavelength range of 380nm or more 780nm or less, the S a wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum of (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the lambda _RL-max than the long wavelength side S (lambda _{RL −max} ) / 2, where there is a wavelength Λ4,
Index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (1) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
And
On the other hand, in the range of wavelength of 380nm or more 780 nm, the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of the S (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the long wavelength side than the λ _RL-max S ( In the case where there is no wavelength Λ4 where λ _RL−max ) / 2,
The index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (2) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
It is.


Condition 2:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light has a distance D _uv from the black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377,
-0.0220 ≤ D _uv ≤ -0.0070
It is.
Condition 3:
For the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm to 495 nm is defined as φ _BM-max , and the minimum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm to 525 nm is defined as φ _BG-min. When
0.2250 ≦ φBG _-min / φBM _-max ≦ 0.7000
It is.
Condition 4:
Spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda) is the maximum value of the spectral intensity at 780nm following range of 590nm when defined as phi _RM-max, the wavelength lambda _RM-max providing the phi _RM-max is,
605 (nm) ≤ λ _RM-max ≤ 653 (nm)
It is.
[47]
[46] The method for manufacturing a light emitting device according to [46], wherein the light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions I to IV, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is also set to the following conditions I to IV A method for manufacturing a light-emitting device characterized by satisfying all of the above.
Condition I:
The CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space a ^* value and b ^* value of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed are a ^* _N , b ^* _n (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination with the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is mathematically assumed When the a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the saturation difference ΔC _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
Condition II:
The average saturation difference in the target light represented by the following formula (3) is


It is.
Condition III:
When the maximum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _max and the minimum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _min , the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
Note that ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _n ) ² + (b ^* _n ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 types of modified Munsell color chart # 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
Condition IV:
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed is θ _n (degree) (where n is 1 to 15) Natural number)
Hue in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color chart when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light When the angle is θ _nref (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, it is set as _{( DELTA) hn} = (theta) _{n- (} theta _{) nref} .

In order to achieve the above object, the third embodiment of the present invention relates to the following matters.
[43]
A method of designing a light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
The light emitting device at least as a light emitting element,
Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
Green phosphor, and
Having a red phosphor,
Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (λ), the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (λ),
The light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the above conditions 1 to 4 and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is designed to satisfy all of the above conditions 1 to 4 Method for designing light emitting device.
[44]
[43] The light emitting device design method according to [43], wherein light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the conditions I to IV, and light having φ _SSL (λ) is the above condition. A method for designing a light emitting device, characterized by satisfying all of I to IV.
[45]
A method of designing a light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
The light emitting device at least as a light emitting element,
Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
Green phosphor, and
Having a red phosphor,
Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (λ), the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (λ),
A light-emitting device designed so that light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions 1 to 4 and light having φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies all of the above conditions 1 to 4 Design method.
[46]
[45] The light-emitting device design method according to [45], wherein light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions I to IV, and light having φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies the above conditions I to IV. A light emitting device characterized by satisfying all.

In order to achieve the above object, the fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to the following matters.
[47]
An illumination method comprising: an illumination object preparation step for preparing an illumination object; and an illumination step for illuminating the object with light emitted from a light emitting device including a light emitting element and a control element,
The light emitting device at least as a light emitting element,
Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
Green phosphor, and
Having a red phosphor,
In the illumination step, when the light emitted from the light emitting element illuminates the object, the light measured at the position of the object satisfies at least one of the following <1> to <4>. First, when the light emitted from the light emitting device illuminates the object, the light measured at the position of the object illuminates so as to satisfy all of the following <1> to <4>. Lighting method. <1>
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* colors of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts from # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is mathematically assumed The a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nSSL and b ^* _nSSL (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15, respectively)
The fifteen types of corrections when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T _SSL (K) of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object The saturation difference ΔC when the a ^* value and b ^* value in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the Munsell color chart are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), respectively. _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
<2>
The average of the saturation differences represented by the following formula (3) is


It is.
<3>
When the maximum value of the saturation difference is ΔC _max and the minimum value of the saturation difference is ΔC _min , the difference | ΔC _max between the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
However, ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _nSSL ) ² + (b ^* _nSSL ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 types of modified Munsell color chart # 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
<4>
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is mathematically assumed is θ _nSSL (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15),
The fifteen kinds of corrected Munsell color charts when mathematically assuming illumination with reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T _SSL of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object When the hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space is θ _nref (degrees) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, it is set as _{( DELTA) hn} = (theta) _{nSSL- (} theta) _nref .
[48]
[47] The illumination method according to [47], wherein illumination is performed so as to satisfy all of the following <5> to <8>.
<5>
The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is λ _SSL (λ), where the wavelength is λ.
The reference light spectral distribution selected according to the correlated color temperature T _SSL of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is φ _ref (λ),
The tristimulus values of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object are (X _SSL , Y _SSL , Z _SSL ),
The reference light tristimulus values selected according to T _SSL of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object are (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref ),
Normalized spectral distribution S _SSL (λ) of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object, and T _SSL (K) of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object. The standardized spectral distribution S _ref (λ) of the reference light selected according to the difference between these normalized spectral distributions ΔS (λ),
S _SSL (λ) = φ _SSL (λ) / Y _SSL
S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S _SSL (λ)
And define
Longer wavelength side than λ _SSL-RL-max when the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of S _SSL (λ) is λ _SSL-RL-max (nm) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm In the case where there is a wavelength Λ4 that satisfies S _SSL (λ _SSL-RL-max ) / 2,
Index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (1) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
And
On the other hand, when the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of S _SSL (λ) is λ _SSL-RL-max (nm) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, the λ _{SSL-RL-
In the} case where there is no wavelength Λ4 that becomes S _SSL (λ _SSL-RL-max ) / 2 on the longer wavelength side than _max ,
The index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (2) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
It is.


<6>
The spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light has a distance D _uvSSL from a black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377,
−0.0220 ≦ D _uvSSL ≦ −0.0070
It is.
<7>
The spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light has a maximum value of spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm or more and 495 nm or less, φ _SSL-BM-max and a minimum value of spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm or more and 525 nm or less, φ _SSL-BG- When defined as _min ,
0.2250 ≦ φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max ≦ 0.7000
It is.
<8>
Spectral distribution phi _SSL of the light (lambda) is the maximum value of the spectral intensity at 780nm following range of 590nm when defined as φ _SSL-RM-max, the wavelength lambda giving the φ _{SSL-RM-max SSL- RM-max} is
605 (nm) ≤ λ _SSL-RM-max ≤ 653 (nm)
It is.
[49]
An illumination method comprising: an illumination object preparation step of preparing an illumination object; and an illumination step of illuminating the object with light emitted from a light emitting device including a semiconductor light emitting element that is a light emitting element and a control element,
The light emitting device at least as a light emitting element,
Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
Green phosphor, and
Having a red phosphor,
In the illumination step, when the light emitted from the light emitting element illuminates the object, the light measured at the position of the object satisfies all <1> to <4> and is emitted from the light emitting device. And illuminating the object so that the light measured at the position of the object satisfies all <1> to <4>.
[50]
[49] The illumination method according to [49], wherein illumination is performed so as to satisfy the above <5> to <8>.

According to the present invention, and when illuminated with (if there is described a laboratory reference light) reference light and a high R _a and high R _i becomes color appearance close to the light of the reference light Compared to the case of illuminating with a light emitting device that emits (which may be described as an experimental pseudo-reference light), a large number of subjects are statistically more likely to have a similar CCT and substantially the same illuminance. A light emitting device and a lighting method capable of realizing the color appearance of a really good object that is judged as good are feasible, and a semiconductor with inferior color appearance that already exists or is in practical use The color appearance of the light emitting device including the light emitting device can be improved to the above-described good color appearance. Furthermore, in the present invention, using the same technique, the color appearance of the semiconductor light emitting device having excellent color appearance can be further adjusted according to the preference of the user.

In particular, semiconductor light-emitting devices that are inferior in color when used in lighting applications can display natural, lively, high-visibility, comfortable color appearance, and object appearance as seen outdoors. realizable. A more specific example of the color appearance effect is as follows.
First, when illuminated with a light-emitting device such as a light source, instrument, system, etc. according to the present invention, or when illuminated with the illumination method of the present invention, illuminated with experimental reference light or experimental pseudo-reference light, etc. In contrast, even with almost the same CCT and almost the same illuminance, white is whiter and looks natural and comfortable. Furthermore, it becomes easy to visually recognize the brightness difference between achromatic colors such as white, gray, and black. For this reason, for example, black characters on general white paper are easy to read. Although details will be described later, such an effect is completely unexpected in light of conventional common sense.
Second, the illuminance realized by the light emitting device according to the present invention or the illuminance when illuminated by the illumination method of the present invention is purple even if the ordinary indoor environment is about several thousand Lx to several hundred Lx. , Violet, blue, blue-green, green, yellow-green, yellow, yellow-red, red, red-purple, etc. A truly natural color appearance as seen below about lx is achieved. In addition, the skin color of subjects (Japanese people), various foods, clothing, wood colors, and the like, which have intermediate saturation, have natural colors that many subjects feel more preferable.
Third, when illuminated with the light emitting device according to the present invention even when the illumination is substantially the same CCT and substantially the same illuminance as compared with the illumination with the experimental reference light or the experimental pseudo-reference light, or When illuminated by the illumination method of the present invention, it is easy to identify colors in adjacent hues, and it is possible to perform comfortable work as if in a high illumination environment. More specifically, for example, a plurality of lipsticks having similar red colors can be more easily identified.
Fourth, when illuminated with the light source, instrument, or system according to the present invention even when the illumination is substantially the same CCT and substantially the same illuminance as compared with the illumination with the experimental reference light or the experimental reference light, etc. Or, when illuminated by the illumination method of the present invention, the object can be seen more clearly and easily as if viewed in a high-illuminance environment.
In addition to these effects, even in a semiconductor light emitting device that is excellent in color appearance when used for illumination purposes, the color appearance can be further adjusted according to the user's preference.

In one embodiment where the spectral distribution is φ _SSL (λ), the parameters φ _SSL-BM-max , λ _SSL-BM-max , φ _SSL-BG-min , λ _SSL-BG-min , φ _SSL-RM-max It is a figure showing the relationship of (lambda) _SSL-RM-max , (phi) _SSL-RL-max , and (lambda) _SSL-RL-max . It is a figure which shows the integration range of parameter _Acg (when CCT is 5000K or more). It is a figure which shows the integration range of parameter _Acg (when CCT is less than 5000K). Spectral distribution assumed to illuminate 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, which is emitted from a packaged LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 410 nm and including a narrow-band green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illumination with the LED FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the 15 types of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Comparative Experimental Example 1). Spectral distribution assumed to illuminate 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, which is emitted from a packaged LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 410 nm and including a narrow-band green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illumination with the LED FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Comparative Experimental Example 2). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the said 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (reference experiment example 1) . A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 types of correction Munsell color charts when illuminated and when illuminated with reference light (Experimental Example 1). It is a figure which shows the normalization test light spectral distribution (solid line) of the test light of Experimental example 1, and the standardization standard light spectral distribution (dotted line) of the reference light for calculation corresponding to the test light. A spectral light distribution including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 460 nm, emitted from a package LED having a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illuminated with 15 types of modified Munsell color charts, and illuminated with the LED. And CIELAB color space in which the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Experimental Example 9). A spectral light distribution including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 460 nm, emitted from a package LED having a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illuminated with 15 types of modified Munsell color charts, and illuminated with the LED. And CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the fifteen kinds of corrected Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Experimental Example 18). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 452.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted both a ^* value and b ^* color of the said 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (experimental example 20). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (experimental example 40). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 452.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (experimental example 47). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the said 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (experimental example 49). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted together the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (experimental example 50). It is a figure which shows the normalization test light spectral distribution (solid line) of the test light of Experimental Example 50, and the standardization reference light spectral distribution (dotted line) of the calculation reference light corresponding to the test light. A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 types of corrected Munsell color charts when illuminated and when illuminated with reference light (Comparative Experimental Example 3). . A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the said 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (comparative experiment example 4) . A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted together the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (the comparative experiment example 5). . Spectral distribution assumed to illuminate 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, which are emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a yellow phosphor and a red phosphor, and illumination by the LED FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Comparative Experimental Example 7). Spectral distribution assumed to illuminate 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, which is emitted from a packaged LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 455 nm and including a narrow-band green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illumination with the LED FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Comparative Experimental Example 10). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting element having a peak wavelength of 447.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the said 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated and the reference light when illuminated (Comparative Experimental Example 15) . A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the 15 types of corrected Munsell color charts when illuminated and when illuminated with reference light (Comparative Experimental Example 16). . A spectral light distribution including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 450 nm, emitted from a package LED including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illuminated with 15 types of modified Munsell color charts, and illuminated with the LED. And CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Comparative Experimental Example 18). A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the said 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (Comparative Experimental example 19). . A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the fifteen kinds of corrected Munsell color charts when illuminated and when illuminated with reference light (Comparative Experimental Example 22). . A spectral distribution assumed to be emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light emitting device having a peak wavelength of 457.5 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor and illuminating 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, It is a figure which shows the CIELAB color space which plotted the a ^* value and b ^* color of the said 15 types of correction | amendment Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference | standard light (comparative experiment example 23) . Spectral distribution assumed to illuminate 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, which is emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light-emitting element having a peak wavelength of 465 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illuminated by the LED. And CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Comparative Experimental Example 26). Spectral distribution assumed to illuminate 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts, which is emitted from a package LED including a semiconductor light-emitting element having a peak wavelength of 465 nm and including a broadband green phosphor and a red phosphor, and illuminated by the LED. And CIELAB color space in which a ^* values and b ^* colors of the fifteen kinds of corrected Munsell color charts when illuminated with reference light are plotted (Comparative Experimental Example 27). It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the light-emitting device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the light-emitting device which concerns on this embodiment. 6 is a graph showing transmission characteristics of control elements (filters) used in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. It is a figure of the spectral distribution in Reference Example 1 and Example 1. In the figure, the dotted line indicates the relative spectral distribution in Reference Example 1 that does not include the control element, and the solid line indicates the relative spectral distribution emitted on the axis in Example 1 that includes the control element. A diagram of spectral distributions in Reference Example 1 and Example 1, and a case where each of these spectral distributions is illuminated with reference light for calculation (light of black body radiation) having a CCT corresponding thereto. It is a CIELAB plot in which the a ^* value and b ^* value of the 15 color chart are plotted together. (The dotted line in the CIELAB plot is the result of the reference light, and the solid line in the figure is the result of the package LED). 6 is a graph showing transmission characteristics of a control element (filter) used in Example 2. FIG. It is a figure of the spectral distribution in the reference comparative example 1 and Example 2. FIG. In the figure, the dotted line indicates the relative spectral distribution in Reference Comparative Example 1 that does not include the control element, and the solid line indicates the relative spectral distribution emitted on the axis in Example 2 that includes the control element. Assuming that the spectral distributions in Reference Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 are illuminated with these spectral distributions and the reference light for calculation (light of black body radiation) having a CCT corresponding thereto. It is a CIELAB plot in which the a ^* value and b ^* value of the 15 color chart are plotted together. (The dotted line in the CIELAB plot is the result of the reference light, and the solid line in the figure is the result of the package LED). 10 is a graph showing transmission characteristics of a control element (filter) used in Example 3. It is a figure of the spectral distribution in the reference comparative example 2 and Example 3. FIG. In the figure, the dotted line indicates the relative spectral distribution in Reference Comparative Example 2 that does not include the control element, and the solid line indicates the relative spectral distribution emitted on the axis in Example 3 that includes the control element. Assuming that the spectral distributions in Reference Comparative Example 2 and Example 3 are illuminated with these spectral distributions and the calculation reference light (light of black body radiation) having CCT corresponding thereto. It is a CIELAB plot in which the a ^* value and b ^* value of the 15 color chart are plotted together. (The dotted line in the CIELAB plot is the result of the reference light, and the solid line in the figure is the result of the package LED). It is a figure of the spectral distribution in the reference comparative example 2 and the comparative example 1. FIG. In the figure, the dotted line indicates the relative spectral distribution in Reference Comparative Example 2 that does not include the control element, and the solid line indicates the relative spectral distribution emitted on the axis in Comparative Example 1 that includes the control element. Assuming a case where each of the spectral distribution diagrams in the reference comparative example 2 and the comparative example 1 is illuminated with the reference distribution for calculation (black body radiation light) having the CCT corresponding to these spectral distributions. It is a CIELAB plot in which the a ^* value and b ^* value of the 15 color chart are plotted together. (The dotted line in the CIELAB plot is the result of the reference light, and the solid line in the figure is the result of the package LED).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
The first embodiment of the present invention is a light emitting device. The light emitting device according to this embodiment includes a light emitting element and a control element.

  The light emitting device of this embodiment has at least a blue semiconductor light emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as light emitting elements, but other light emitting elements may be included. Other light-emitting elements are not particularly limited as long as various types of input energy are converted into electromagnetic radiation energy and visible light of 380 nm to 780 nm is included in the electromagnetic radiation energy. For example, a hot filament capable of converting electric energy, a fluorescent tube, a high-pressure sodium lamp, a laser, a second harmonic generation (SHG) source, and the like can be exemplified. Moreover, the fluorescent substance etc. which can convert light energy can also be illustrated.

  The control element of this embodiment is a passive element that does not have an amplification function by itself, and is suitable for light emitted in the main direction from a light-emitting element or a light-emitting device having a relatively low degree of processing. There is no particular limitation as long as intensity modulation for each wavelength can be applied in such a range and a light-emitting device with a high degree of processing can be constructed. For example, as a control element of this embodiment, passive devices, such as a reflective mirror, an optical filter, and various optical lenses, can be mentioned. Further, the control element of this embodiment may be a light-absorbing material that is dispersed in the sealing material of the package LED and gives intensity modulation for each wavelength within an appropriate range. However, the control element does not include a light-emitting element, a reflection mirror, an optical filter, a light-absorbing material, or the like that gives only intensity modulation with a small wavelength dependency to light emitted from a light-emitting device having a relatively low processing degree.

  An outline of the light emitting device of this embodiment will be further described with reference to FIG. In the example of FIG. 28, the blue LED chip 2, the green phosphor 41, and the red phosphor 42 which are semiconductor light emitting elements are included as light emitting elements, and the degree of processing is improved together with the sealing material 6 and the package material 3 which are other constituent materials. The package LED 10 which is a low light emitting device is configured. At this time, the optical filter 5 that gives intensity modulation for each wavelength in an appropriate range as a control element is installed in the light emission direction of the package LED 10 to constitute the LED bulb 20 that is a light emitting device having a high degree of processing as a whole. The LED bulb 20 may be the light emitting device of this embodiment.

Further, an outline of the light emitting device of this embodiment will be further described with reference to FIG. A package which is a light emitting device with a low degree of processing together with a blue LED chip 2, which is a semiconductor light emitting element, a green phosphor 41, and a red phosphor 42 as light emitting elements, together with a sealing material 6 and a package material 3 which are other constituent materials. Assume that the LED 10 is configured. At this time, the optical filter 5 that functions as a control element is installed in the radiation direction of the package LED 10 to constitute the LED bulb 20 that is a light emitting device having a high degree of processing as a whole. The LED bulb 20 may be the light emitting device of this embodiment. Further, n LED bulbs 20 are arranged, and m incandescent bulbs 11 which are light emitting devices having a medium processing degree in which a heat filament 2d is contained as a light emitting element are arranged, and an illumination system 30 which is a light emitting device having a high processing degree. Configure. The illumination system may be the light emitting device of this embodiment.

The light (radiant flux) emitted in the main radiation direction from the light emitting element described in this specification is the sum of the light (radiant flux) emitted in the main radiation direction from all the light emitting elements. The spectral distribution is described as Φ _elm . The Φ _elm is a function of the wavelength λ. The actual measurement of Φ _elm (λ) can be performed, for example, by performing radiation measurement in a form in which the control element described in this specification is excluded from the light emitting device. As shown in FIG. 28, in a light emitting device having an LED filter and a phosphor as a light emitting element and having an optical filter that applies intensity modulation for each wavelength within a suitable range as a control element, light emission in a form excluding the optical filter Φ _elm (λ) can be obtained by measuring the spectral distribution of light emitted from the apparatus in the main radiation direction. That is, Φ _elm (λ) can be obtained by measuring the spectral distribution of the light emitted in the main radiation direction of the package LED, which is a light-emitting device with a low degree of processing.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 29, if there is a “light emitting device having a high degree of processing or a light emitting device having a high degree of processing” that is partially present in the “light emitting device having a higher degree of processing”, the control element does not act. The spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device including n package LEDs and m incandescent bulbs in the main radiation direction can be regarded as Φ _elm (λ).

On the other hand, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the spectral distribution Φ _elm (λ) of the light emitted in the main radiation direction from the light emitting element inherent in the light emitting device is the action of the control element inherent in the light emitting device. The invention is specified by the light emitted in the “main radiation direction” after that. Therefore, a light emitting device that can emit light including light in a “main radiation direction” that satisfies the requirements of the present invention by receiving the action of the control element belongs to the scope of the present invention. Further, in the second and third embodiments of the present invention, a light-emitting device capable of emitting light including light in the “main radiation direction” that satisfies the requirements of the present invention by receiving the action of the control element is manufactured. Manufacturing and designing the light emitting device by installing a control element belongs to the scope of the present invention. In the illumination method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when the light emitted from the light emitting device illuminates the object, the invention is specified by the light at the position where the object is illuminated. It is. Therefore, an illumination method using a light emitting device that can emit light at a “position where an object is illuminated” that satisfies the requirements of the present invention by installing a control element belongs to the scope of the present invention.

Here, the “main radiant direction” in the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention has a suitable range in accordance with the use state of the light-emitting device, and a suitable orientation. Indicates the direction in which light is emitted.
For example, it may be a direction in which the luminous intensity or luminance of the light emitting device is maximized or maximized.
Further, the light emitting device may have a finite range including a direction in which the luminous intensity or luminance of the light emitting device is maximized or maximized.
In addition, the radiant intensity or radiance of the light emitting device may be in the maximum or maximum direction.
Further, it may be a direction having a finite range including a direction in which the radiant intensity or radiance of the light emitting device is maximized or maximized.
Specific examples are given below.
The light emitting device is a single light emitting diode (LED), a single package LED, a single chip on board (COB), a single LED module, a single LED bulb, a single composite lamp of a fluorescent lamp and a semiconductor light emitting device, a single composite of an incandescent bulb and a semiconductor light emitting device. In the case of a lamp or the like, the main radiation direction can be within the finite solid angle including the vertical direction and the vertical direction of each light emitting device, for example, π (sr) at the maximum and π / 100 (sr) at the minimum.
The light-emitting device is an LED lighting device in which a lens, a reflection mechanism, or the like is added to the package LED or the like, and a lighting device in which a fluorescent lamp and a semiconductor light-emitting element are present, so-called direct type lighting application, semi-direct type lighting application, general diffusion In the case of light distribution characteristics applicable to lighting applications, direct / indirect lighting applications, semi-indirect lighting applications, and indirect lighting applications, the main radiation direction is finite including the vertical direction and vertical direction of each light emitting device For example, π (sr) at the maximum and π / 100 (sr) at the minimum. In addition, the luminous intensity or luminance of the light emitting device may be in a direction that is maximized or maximized. Further, it may be within a finite solid angle including the direction in which the luminous intensity or luminance of the light emitting device is maximized or maximized, for example, π (sr) at the maximum and π / 100 (sr) at the minimum. In addition, the radiant intensity or radiance of the light emitting device may be in a direction that maximizes or maximizes. Further, it may be within a finite solid angle including a direction in which the radiant intensity or radiance of the light emitting device is maximized or maximized, for example, π (sr) at the maximum and π / 100 (sr) at the minimum.
When the light-emitting device is a lighting system equipped with a plurality of lighting fixtures in which the LED lighting fixtures and fluorescent lamps are incorporated, the main radiation direction is a finite number including the vertical direction of the planar center of each light-emitting device and the vertical direction. It can be within a solid angle, for example, π (sr) at the maximum and π / 100 (sr) at the minimum. In addition, the luminous intensity or luminance of the light emitting device may be in a direction that is maximized or maximized. Further, it may be within a finite solid angle including the direction in which the luminous intensity or luminance of the light emitting device is maximized or maximized, for example, π (sr) at the maximum and π / 100 (sr) at the minimum. In addition, the radiant intensity or radiance of the light emitting device may be in a direction that maximizes or maximizes. Further, it may be within a finite solid angle including a direction in which the radiant intensity or radiance of the light emitting device is maximized or maximized, for example, π (sr) at the maximum and π / 100 (sr) at the minimum.
In order to measure the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction, it is preferable to measure at a distance where the illuminance at the measurement point is practical illuminance, for example, between 5 lx and 10000 lx.

The light-emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a light-emitting element, and has at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as the light-emitting element, but includes other light-emitting elements. May be. The other light emitting element is not particularly limited as long as it can emit light corresponding to a range of 380 nm to 780 nm by any method. For example, from a heat radiation light from a hot filament, a fluorescent tube, a high pressure sodium lamp, etc. Discharge light emitted from a laser, stimulated emission from a laser, spontaneous emission from a semiconductor light emitting device, spontaneous emission from a phosphor, and the like.
The light emitting device according to this embodiment also includes a control element, but other configurations are not particularly limited. The light emitting element may be a single semiconductor light emitting element provided with a lead wire or the like as an energization mechanism, or may be a packaged LED, COB (Chip On Board), or the like that is further provided with a heat dissipation mechanism or the like and integrated with a phosphor or the like. The light emitting device may be an LED module in which a more robust heat dissipating mechanism is added to such one or more packaged LEDs and a plurality of packaged LEDs are generally mounted. Furthermore, the LED lighting fixture which provided the lens, the reflection mechanism, etc. to package LED etc. may be sufficient. Furthermore, the lighting system which supported many LED lighting fixtures etc. and was able to illuminate a target object may be sufficient. Further, for example, in the case where a discharge tube is included as a light emitting element, the light emitting device according to this embodiment is provided with a mechanism capable of applying a high voltage to a single discharge tube, but a phosphor is disposed in or around the discharge tube. You may have done. Further, it may be a lighting fixture in which a plurality of fluorescent tubes containing one or more fluorescent materials are arranged. Furthermore, the lighting fixture which provided the reflection mechanism etc. may be sufficient. Furthermore, you may provide a control circuit etc. by making this into an illumination system. The light emitting device according to this embodiment includes all of them.
In the present invention, the light emitting element may be in the form of a light emitting device. That is, the light emitting element of the present invention may be an LED module, an LED lighting device, a lighting system, or a lighting device provided with other mechanisms described as the light emitting device.

  Similar to a general light emitting device, in the light emitting device of this embodiment, the driving conditions such as temperature environment, injection current level, intermittent lighting / continuous lighting, etc. are different from each other in the main radiation direction. The spectral distribution of the emitted light changes. From such a viewpoint, if a certain light-emitting device can emit the light disclosed in this embodiment under at least one specific condition that can cause the light-emitting device to actually emit light, such a light-emitting device is It is a light-emitting device of the mode disclosure range.

  The light-emitting device according to this embodiment includes, for example, a packaged LED that includes a semiconductor light-emitting element and a phosphor, an LED bulb that further includes a packaged LED, a light-emitting module in which such a light-emitting device is integrated, and light emission It can be a system. Here, a member / material that constitutes the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment and can emit light as a result of self-emission or excitation from others is referred to as a light-emitting element. Therefore, in this embodiment, the semiconductor light emitting element, the phosphor and the like can be light emitting elements.

Now, the light emitted in the main radiation direction from the light emitting device according to the present embodiment is based on the superposition of the light emission of the light emitting elements, but is not necessarily a simple superposition due to various factors. For example, mutual absorption of light between the light emitting elements is a major factor. In addition, the spectral distribution of the light emitting device may greatly change from the superimposition of the spectral distributions of the light emitting elements due to the spectral transmission characteristics of the lens / filter or the like that can be included in the light emitting device according to this embodiment. In addition, the spectral distribution of the light emitting device may change from a simple superposition of the spectral distributions of the light emitting elements due to spectral reflection characteristics of the light emitting device constituent members in the vicinity of the light emitting elements, such as a reflective film.
Furthermore, due to the “difference” between the measurement environment of a widely used light-emitting element and the general measurement environment of the light-emitting device, the spectral distribution of the light-emitting device cannot be simply derived from the superposition of the spectral distributions of the light-emitting elements. It is necessary to consider.

Therefore, when the light emitting element in the light emitting device according to this embodiment is defined, it is as follows.
The purple semiconductor light emitting device was characterized by a peak wavelength λ _CHIP-VM-max when a single pulse current was driven.
The blue semiconductor light emitting device was characterized by a dominant wavelength λ _CHIP-BM-dom when the light emitting device alone was driven by a pulse current.
The phosphor material has a light emission peak wavelength when light-excited by a single material ( _{denoted as} λ _PHOS-GM-max for a green phosphor and λ _PHOS-RM-max for a red phosphor) and its emission. It was characterized by the full width at half maximum of the spectral distribution ( _{denoted as} W _PHOS-GM-fwhm for the green phosphor and W _PHOS-RM-fwhm for the red phosphor).

On the other hand, when the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light emitting device itself according to this embodiment is characterized, it is characterized by the following indices based on the characteristics during continuous energization.
Specifically, the maximum value φ _SSL-BM-max of the spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm or more and 495 nm or less, the wavelength λ _SSL-BM-max that gives this,
The minimum value φ _SSL-BG-min of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm or more and 525 nm or less, the wavelength λ _SSL-BG-min that gives this,
The maximum value λ _SSL-RM-max of the spectral intensity in the range of 590 nm or more and 780 nm or less, the wavelength λ _SSL-RM-max that gives this,
Furthermore, the longest wavelength maximum value φ _{SSL-RL-max of the} normalized spectral distribution S _SSL (λ) derived from the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) in the range of 380 nm to 780 nm used in the definition of the index A _cg described later. Characterized by λ _SSL-RL-max , giving This relationship is shown in FIG.
Thus, for example, λ _CHIP-BM-dom is generally different from λ _SSL-BM-max , and λ _PHOS-RM-max is also generally different from λ _SSL-RM-max . On the other hand, λ _SSL-RL-max often takes the same value as λ _SSL-RM-max .
In this specification, the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element may be described as Φ _elm (λ), and the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device may be described as φ _SSL (λ). In general, the spectral distribution of any light may be described as φ (λ). Similarly, in the general light spectral distribution φ (λ), for example, φ _SSL-BM-max , λ _SSL-BM-max , the indices derived by the same concept are φ _BM-max , λ _BM-max , and the like. In some cases, the subscript SSL is omitted.

<Indicator A _cg >
The indicator A _cg is defined below as disclosed in patents 5252107 and 5257538.
Spectral distributions of calculation reference light and test light, which are different color stimuli when light emitted in the main radiation direction from the light emitting device according to this embodiment is measured, are φ _ref (λ) and φ _SSL (λ), respectively. The color matching functions are x (λ), y (λ), z (λ), and tristimulus values corresponding to the calculation reference light and test light are (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref ), (X _SSL ), respectively. , Y _SSL , Z _SSL ). Here, with respect to the reference light for calculation and the test light, the following holds, where k is a constant.
Y _ref = k∫φ _ref (λ) · y (λ) dλ
Y _SSL = k∫φ _SSL (λ) · y (λ) dλ
Here, the normalized spectral distribution obtained by normalizing the spectral distributions of the reference light for calculation and the test light with each Y is S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
S _SSL (λ) = φ _SSL (λ) / Y _SSL
And the difference between the normalized reference light spectral distribution and the normalized test light spectral distribution is expressed as ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S _SSL (λ)
And Here, the index A _cg is derived as follows.

Here, the upper and lower limit wavelengths of each integral are respectively Λ1 = 380 nm
Λ2 = 495 nm
Λ3 = 590 nm
It is.

Λ4 is defined separately in the following two cases. First, in the normalized test light spectral segment S _SSL (λ), the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value within 380 nm to 780 nm is λ _SSL-RL-max (nm), and the normalized spectral intensity is S _SSL (λ _{SSL -RL-max} ), the wavelength that is on the longer wavelength side than λ _SSL-RL-max and has an intensity of S _SSL (λ _SSL-RL-max ) / 2 is Λ4. If such a wavelength does not exist in the range up to 780 nm, Λ4 is 780 nm.
In this specification, the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element may be described as Φ _elm (λ), and the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device may be described as φ _SSL (λ). In general, the spectral distribution of any light may be described as φ (λ). Similarly, in a general light spectral distribution φ (λ), for example, an index derived by the same concept as S _SSL (λ) may be expressed by omitting the subscript SSL, such as S (λ). .

<Narrow / Broadband>
The narrow-band light emitting element according to this embodiment has the same definition as described in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538, and the full width at half maximum of the light emitting element is a short wavelength region (380 nm to 495 nm), an intermediate wavelength region ( 495 nm to 590 nm) and the width of each of the long wavelength regions (590 nm to 780 nm) of 115 nm, 95 nm, and 190 nm.
Conversely, the broadband light emitting element according to the present embodiment has a full width at half maximum of the light emitting element of each of a short wavelength region (380 nm to 495 nm), an intermediate wavelength region (495 nm to 590 nm), and a long wavelength region (590 nm to 780 nm). It is wider than 2/3 with respect to the region widths of 115 nm, 95 nm, and 190 nm. Accordingly, a light emitting element having a full width at half maximum of about 77 nm or more in the short wavelength region, about 64 nm or more in the intermediate wavelength region, and about 127 nm or more in the long wavelength region is a broadband light emitting element.

<Chromaticity notation of light source>
The chromaticity point of the light emitting device according to this embodiment is clearly indicated as follows. The chromaticity derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction can be discussed in, for example, the CIE 1931 (x, y) chromaticity diagram and the CIE 1976 (u ′, v ′) chromaticity diagram. It is. However, since it is easy to see the position on the chromaticity diagram in terms of the correlated color temperature CCT and the deviation D _uv , the (u ′, (2/3) v ′) chromaticity diagram (CIE 1960 (u , V) synonymous with chromaticity diagram).
Here, the deviation D _{uv according} to the present embodiment is an amount defined in ANSI C78.377, and (u ′, (2/3) v ′) with respect to the black body radiation locus in the chromaticity diagram. The closest distance is shown as an absolute value. The positive sign indicates that the chromaticity point of the light emitting device is located above the black body radiation locus (v ′ is larger), and the negative sign indicates that the chromaticity point of the light emitting device is below the black body radiation locus (v ′ is small). Means to be located on the side).

<[Phi] _SSL-BG-min / [phi] _SSL-BM-max and [phi] _SSL-BG-min / [phi] _SSL-RM-max >
φ _SSL-BG-min is mainly used for light emission of the light emitting element that bears the long wavelength side tail of the spectral radiant flux derived from the light emission of the blue semiconductor light emitting element (the bottom part where the spectral radiant flux intensity decreases) and the intermediate wavelength region. It appears in the portion where the short wavelength side tail (the base portion where the spectral radiant flux intensity is reduced) of the derived spectral radiant flux overlaps. In other words, a φ _SSL (λ) -shaped recess tends to occur in a range of 465 nm to 525 nm that spans the short wavelength region and the intermediate wavelength region.
Regarding the appearance of the color of the specific 15-corrected Munsell color chart, which will be described later, when trying to improve the saturation thereof relatively evenly, the spectrum in the range from 430 nm to 495 nm is reduced to φ _SSL-BG-min. Φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max normalized by the maximum value of intensity, and φ _SSL- normalized by the maximum value of spectral intensity in the range of 590 nm to 780 nm in the range of φ _{SSL-BG-min It} is necessary to carefully control _BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max . That is, in the light emitting device of this embodiment, there is an optimum range for φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max and φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max as described later. .
In this specification, the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element may be described as Φ _elm (λ), and the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device may be described as φ _SSL (λ). In general, the spectral distribution of any light may be described as φ (λ). Similarly, in a general light spectral distribution φ (λ), for example, φ _SSL-BG-min , φ _SSL-RM-max and the indices derived by the same concept are φ _BG-min , φ _RM-max, etc. In some cases, the subscript SSL is omitted.

<Reference light, experimental reference light, test light>
In this embodiment, the reference light defined by CIE used for calculation when predicting the appearance of mathematical colors is described as reference light, calculation reference light, calculation reference light, and the like. On the other hand, experimental reference light used for visual comparison, that is, incandescent bulb light having a tungsten filament, is referred to as reference light, experimental reference light, and experimental reference light. The high R _a and light the high R _i is expected to be a color appearance which is close to the optical criteria, for example, enclosing the ultraviolet semiconductor light emitting elements, also LED light source including a blue / green / red phosphor, the reference Light, experimental reference light, and experimental reference light. In addition, light that has been studied mathematically and experimentally with respect to the reference light may be described as test light.

<Method for quantifying the color appearance of lighting objects>
To quantitatively evaluate the color appearance of an object illuminated with light from the spectral distribution, define a color chart with a clear mathematical spectral reflection characteristic, assuming illumination with a reference light for calculation, It is preferable to compare the cases where illumination with test light is assumed, and to use the “color appearance difference” of the color chart as an index.

In general, the test colors used in CRI can be an option, but the R ₁ to R ₈ color charts used when deriving the average color rendering index and the like are medium saturation color charts and have high saturation. It is not suitable for discussing the color saturation. R ₉ to R ₁₂ are highly saturated color charts, but the number of samples is insufficient for a detailed discussion of the entire hue angle range.

  Therefore, 15 types of color charts were selected for each hue from among the color charts located at the outermost periphery with the highest saturation in the Munsell hue circle in the modified Munsell color system. These are the same as the color chart used in CQS (Color Quality Scale) (versions 7.4 and 7.5), which is one of the new color rendering evaluation indices proposed by the United States NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). is there. The fifteen types of color charts used in this embodiment are listed below. At the beginning, the number given to the color chart for convenience is shown. In the present specification, these numbers may be represented as n. For example, n = 3 means “5PB 4/12”. n is a natural number from 1 to 15.

# 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12

  In this embodiment, from the viewpoint of deriving various indexes, the appearance of the colors of these 15 color charts is assumed when illumination with calculation reference light is assumed and when illumination with test light is assumed. When it changes (or does not change), it is natural, lively, and highly visible as seen in an outdoor high light environment, even in a general indoor light environment. It was quantified whether it was comfortable, color appearance, or object appearance, and was extracted as the true color rendering that the light emitting device should have.

In addition, in order to quantitatively evaluate the color appearance mathematically derived from the spectral distribution, it is also important to select a color space and a color adaptation formula. In this embodiment, CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* (CIELAB), which is a uniform color space currently recommended by the CIE, was used. Furthermore, CCMCAT2000 (Color Measurement Committee's Chroma Adaptation Transform of 2000) was adopted for the chromatic adaptation calculation.

Note that the CIELAB color space is a three-dimensional color space. However, in the CIELAB color space according to the present embodiment, the lightness is omitted because only the saturation and the hue are focused, and only the a ^* and b ^* axes are used. Plotted in two dimensions. In the CIELAB color space used in the description of examples / comparative examples in the present embodiment, the points connected by dotted lines in the figure are the results of assuming illumination with reference light for calculation, and the solid lines indicate the respective test lights. This is a result of assuming lighting at.

More specifically, quantification related to color appearance was performed as follows. First, the 15 types of CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the test light (related to the light emitting device of the present embodiment) when the light emitting device according to the present embodiment emits the test light in the main radiation direction. The a ^* value and b ^* value of the color chart are a ^* _nSSL and b ^* _nSSL (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15, respectively), and the hue angles of the 15 color _charts are θ _nSSL (degrees) (where n is Natural number from 1 to 15). Further, when the calculation reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T _SSL of the test light (less than 5000K is light of black body radiation, CIE daylight at 5000K or higher) is assumed mathematically. CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* The a ^* value and b ^* value of the 15 color _charts in the color space are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), respectively. The hue angle of the vote was θ _nref (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15). Here, the absolute value | Δh _n | of the hue angle difference Δh _n (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15) of each of the 15 types of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with the two lights is | Δh _n | = | θ _nSSL −θ _nref |
It is.

  As described above, the mathematically predicted hue angle difference relating to the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts selected specifically in the present embodiment is defined by the test light and the experimental reference light or the experimental pseudo reference light. When performing visual experiments using, we evaluate the appearance of various objects or their colors as a whole, and realize natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable color appearance, and object appearance This is because they thought that these would be important indicators.

In addition, the saturation difference ΔC _n (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15) of the fifteen types of modified Munsell color charts assuming that the test light and the reference light for calculation are illuminated is ΔC _n = ^{_{√ {(a * nSSL) 2}} + (b * nSSL) 2} -√ {(a * nref) 2 + (b * nref) 2}
It was. In addition, the average value of the saturation difference of the 15 types of modified Munsell color chart is

(Hereafter, it may be called SAT _ave .) Further, when the maximum value of the saturation difference of the 15 types of modified Munsell color charts is ΔC _max and the minimum value of the saturation difference is ΔC _min , the difference between the maximum saturation difference and the minimum saturation difference (maximum The difference between the minimum saturation differences) is | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |
It was.

As described above, the various characteristics relating to the mathematically predicted saturation difference relating to the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts selected specifically in the present embodiment are defined as the test light and the experimental reference light or In conducting visual experiments using experimental reference light, various objects or the color appearance of objects are evaluated as a whole, and natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, and objects This is because these are considered to be important indicators as means to realize the appearance of
In this specification, the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element may be described as Φ _elm (λ), and the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device may be described as φ _SSL (λ). In general, the spectral distribution of any light may be described as φ (λ). Similarly, in a general light spectral distribution φ (λ), for example, an index derived by the same concept as θ _nSSL and a ^* _nSSL is expressed by omitting the subscript SSL, such as θ _n and a ^* _n. There is a case.

<Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) and light source efficiency η (lm / W)>
Furthermore, in evaluating the test light spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) when measuring light in the main radiation direction emitted from the light emitting device according to this embodiment, the radiation efficiency K (Luminous Efficiency of Radiation) (lm / W ) Followed the following widely used definitions:

In the above formula,
K _m : Maximum visibility (lm / W)
V (λ): spectral luminous efficiency λ: wavelength (nm)
It is.

Therefore, the radiation efficiency K (lm / W) of the test light spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) when measuring light in the main radiation direction emitted from the light emitting device according to the present embodiment has the spectral distribution as its shape. It can be said that it is efficient.

  On the other hand, the light source efficiency η (lm / W) is an amount indicating how much power input to the light emitting device according to the present embodiment is converted into a luminous flux.

Furthermore, in other words / additional notes, the radiation efficiency K (lm / W) of the test light spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) in the case where light in the main radiation direction emitted from the light emitting device is measured has the spectral distribution itself as its shape. The efficiency relating to all the material properties constituting the light emitting device (for example, the internal quantum efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting element, the light extraction efficiency, the internal quantum efficiency of the phosphor, the external quantum efficiency, the light transmission characteristics of the sealing agent, etc. It can be said that this is an amount equal to the light source efficiency η (lm / W) when the efficiency is 100%.

The inventor does not take into account the function of the control element, and when the index A _cg is outside the range of −360 or more and −10 or less, particularly when it has a value larger than −10, the color appearance is good and high. Whether both light source efficiencies can be achieved was examined mathematically and experimentally as follows.

The indicator A _cg has a large visible range related to radiation that _causes color stimulation, a short wavelength region (380 nm to 495 nm in a blue region including purple), an intermediate wavelength region (495 nm to 590 nm in a green region including yellow), and a long wavelength. Divided into wavelength regions (red region including orange, etc., 590 nm or more and 780 nm or less), compared to mathematical standardized reference light spectral distribution, at appropriate position in standardized test light spectral distribution with appropriate intensity This is an index for judging whether or not the unevenness of the spectral distribution exists. As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the integration range of the long wavelength region varies depending on the position of the longest wavelength maximum value. Further, the selection of the reference light for calculation differs depending on the correlated color temperature T _SSL of the test light. In the case of FIG. 2, since the CCT of the test light indicated by the solid line in the drawing is 5000 K or more, CIE daylight (CIE daylight) is selected as the reference light as indicated by the dotted line in the drawing. In the case of FIG. 3, since the CCT of the test light indicated by the solid line in the drawing is less than 5000K, the black light radiation light is selected as the reference light as indicated by the dotted line in the drawing. In the figure, the shaded portion schematically shows the integration range of the short wavelength region, the intermediate wavelength region, and the long wavelength region.

Now, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538, it is possible to realize a “light emitting device that can realize natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, and object appearance”. One of the requirements is that the index A _cg is in the range of −360 to −10, and it can be understood that these have the following meanings.

In the short wavelength region, the first term of the index A _cg (integral of ΔS (λ)) is a negative value when the spectral intensity of the standardized test light spectral distribution is stronger than the mathematical standardized reference light spectral distribution. It is easy to take.
Conversely, in the intermediate wavelength region, when the spectral intensity of the standardized test light spectral distribution is weaker than the standardized reference light spectral distribution, the second term (integral of −ΔS (λ)) of the index A _cg is negative. Easy to take value.
Furthermore, in the long wavelength region, when the spectral intensity of the standardized test light spectral distribution is stronger than the standardized reference light spectral distribution, the third term (integral of ΔS (λ)) of the index A _cg has a negative value. It is an easy-to-take index.
In other words, one of the requirements for realizing a “light emitting device capable of realizing natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, and object appearance” in such a tendency is satisfied. Can be understood.

As described above, the calculation reference light varies depending on the CCT of the test light. That is, as the reference light for calculation, black body radiation is used when the CCT of the test light is less than 5000K, and CIE daylight (CIE daylight) defined when the CCT of the test light is 5000K or more.
) Is used. In deriving the value of the index A _cg , φ _ref (λ) uses mathematically defined light of blackbody radiation or CIE daylight, while φ _SSL (λ) is a simulated function or experiment A light-emitting device was manufactured as a prototype, and values obtained by actually measuring light emitted in the main radiation direction were used.

  On the other hand, when trying to improve the light source efficiency as the light source, even if considering the shape of the spectral luminous efficiency V (λ), the shape is essentially different from the spectral distributions disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538. It is requested to do.

The first term (wavelength integration of ΔS (λ) from 380 nm to 495 nm) and the third term (wavelength integration of ΔS (λ) from 590 nm to Λ4 or 780 nm) of the index A _cg are based on the normalized reference light spectral distribution. However, it is desired that the spectral intensity of the normalized test light spectral distribution is not excessively strong, in other words, the wavelength integration of ΔS (λ) does not take an excessive negative value and falls within an appropriate range. This is because V (λ) in this region has a relatively small value, and even if excessively strong radiation exists in the region, the contribution to improving the luminous flux is small. In addition, when trying to improve the light source efficiency, the second term of the index A _cg (the wavelength integration of −ΔS (λ) from 495 nm to 590 nm) is more normalized than the normalized reference light spectral distribution. In other words, it is desirable that the wavelength integration of −ΔS (λ) does not take an excessive negative value and falls within an appropriate range. This is because V (λ) in this region has a relatively large value, and if excessively weak radiation is present in the region, the contribution to improving the luminous flux is small.

  Therefore, based on the above idea, the present inventor has higher light source efficiency and excellent color appearance of the illumination object due to the spectral distribution completely different from the contents disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538. We verified whether the light source was feasible. The specific method is as follows.

First, as a light emitting element that emits light in the intermediate wavelength region, a broadband light emitting element different from the narrow band light emitting element disclosed as a preferable case in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538 was selected. By doing so, the “excessive unevenness of the normalized test light spectral distribution compared with the normalized reference light spectral distribution” in the intermediate wavelength region is reduced, and the second term of the index A _cg (from −495 nm to 590 nm − It was considered that the spectral intensity of the normalized test light spectral distribution can be prevented from becoming excessively weaker than that of the standardized reference light spectral distribution in the wavelength integration of ΔS (λ).

Furthermore, when selecting the phosphor excitation light source in the LED light emitting device, the “excessive unevenness of the normalized test light spectral distribution compared with the normalized reference light spectral distribution” in the short wavelength region is reduced, and the index A _cg One term (wavelength integration of ΔS (λ) from 380 nm to 495 nm) was not excessively negative. That is, in order to prevent the spectral intensity of the standardized test light spectral distribution from being excessively higher than that of the standardized reference light spectral distribution, the phosphor excitation light source is placed in a region where the spectral intensity of the standardized reference light spectral distribution is relatively high. It was made to have the emission wavelength of. Specifically, a blue semiconductor light emitting element was selected as the phosphor excitation light source instead of a purple semiconductor light emitting element.

<Experimental method and summary>
The experiment and the summary for completing the light emitting device were performed as follows.
As a light emitting device, a package LED in which various semiconductor light emitting elements, various phosphors, a sealing material and the like were included in a small package of 3.5 mm × 3.5 mm square was prepared. In addition, an LED lamp in which the package LED was included was also prototyped.

Except for various semiconductor light-emitting elements, various phosphors and their blends, which were changed for each device, in order to compare the various prototype light-emitting devices fairly, the material of the small package, the mounting position / method of the semiconductor light-emitting elements, and the LED lamp shape / Materials are the same for all light sources. Further, in the LED lamp, in order to preserve as much as possible the spectral radiation characteristics of the packaged LED included, the mounted lens is made of a material having a flat transmission characteristic from about 350 nm to about 800 nm.

  Under such conditions, the radiometric property and the photometric property of each light-emitting device were measured. Further, the appearance of the colors of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when assuming illumination with light having a spectral distribution of each light emitting device is compared with that when illumination with calculation reference light is assumed. Whether the color changes (or does not change) is mathematically derived from a colorimetric viewpoint, and the color appearance is quantitatively evaluated using the above-described index.

  Furthermore, in this experiment, a comparative visual experiment was also conducted in which the subject was asked to judge whether the color appearance was superior or inferior. In the comparative visual experiment, with reference to ANSI C78.377, an experimental reference light is prepared for each color temperature group shown in Table 1, and the same illumination object is independently used for the test light and the experimental reference light. -5, rank-4, rank-3, rank-2, rank-1, rank0, rank + 1, rank + 2, rank They were classified into 11 ranks of +3, rank +4, and rank +5.

Here, as the experimental reference light, a light-emitting device having chromaticity coordinates as close as possible to the black body locus was prepared. For example, as shown in Comparative Experimental Example 1, a light emitting device that emits experimental reference light includes a single purple semiconductor light emitting element having an emission peak wavelength of 410 nm, a SBCA phosphor as a blue phosphor, and a peak at the time of light excitation as a narrow-band green phosphor. It is composed of a β-SiAlON phosphor having a wavelength of 545 nm and a full width at half maximum of 55 nm, and a CASON phosphor having a peak wavelength of 645 nm and a full width at half maximum of 99 nm as a red phosphor. A light having _a high R _a and a high R _i considered to be prepared was prepared. For example, the spectral radiation characteristic shown in Comparative Experiment Example 1 is an example of group E experimental reference light divided for each CCT in actual comparison visual. The calculated CCT was 4116K, D _uv was -0.0017, and _Ra was 98.0. Similarly, other CCT groups also have chromaticity coordinates as close as possible to the black body locus, and when the illumination object is illuminated, it is expected that the color will appear close to the mathematical reference light. High R _a and high R _i
A light-emitting device that emits light was prepared.

When performing a comparative visual experiment, in order to suppress the change in illuminance caused by replacing the light emitting device, the distance between the illumination target and the light emitting device is set so that the illuminance at the position of the illumination target is substantially equal. Adjusting, changing the power supply for driving and adjusting the amount of current injected into the LED lamp.
In addition, the illuminance during the comparative visual experiment was in the range of about 100 lx to about 7000 lx.

  In addition, the following lighting objects were prepared during the comparative visual experiment. Here, consideration was given to preparing chromatic objects that cover all hues such as purple, blue-violet, blue, blue-green, green, yellow-green, yellow, yellow-red, red, and red-purple. Furthermore, achromatic objects such as white and black were also prepared. Many kinds of still life, flowers, food, clothing, printed matter, etc. were prepared. In the experiment, the subject's own skin was also observed. It should be noted that the color names partially appended before the object names below are not strict color representations in the sense that they look like that under normal circumstances.

White ceramic dish, white asparagus, white mushroom, white preserved flower, white handkerchief, white Y-shirt, cooked rice purple preserved flower blue purple cloth handkerchief, blue jeans, blue preserved flower, blue green towel green paprika, lettuce, shredded cabbage, broccoli, green Lime, green apple yellow banana, yellow paprika, yellow green lemon, yellow preserved flower, fried egg orange orange, orange paprika, carrot red tomato, red apple, red paprika, red wiener, red preserved flower black preserved flower,
Pink tie, pink preserved flower,
Red bean tie, croquette, tonkatsu, burdock, cookies, chocolate,
Peanuts, wooden test subjects (Japanese) own skin newspaper, color prints containing black letters on a white background (multicolored paper), paperback books, weekly magazine silver (white dial) wristwatch color checker (Color checker made by X-rite) Classic 18 color chromatic colors and 6 achromatic colors (white 1, gray 4, black 1)

The names and Munsell notation of each color chart in the color checker are as follows.
Name Munsell Notation
Dark skin 3.05 YR 3.69 / 3.20
Light skin 2.2 YR 6.47 / 4.10
Blue sky 4.3 PB 4.95 / 5.55
Foliage 6.65 GY 4.19 / 4.15
Blue flower 9.65 PB 5.47 / 6.70
Bluish green 2.5 BG 7/6
Orange 5 YR 6/11
Purplish blue 7.5 PB 4 / 10.7
Moderate red 2.5 R 5/10
Purple 5 P 3/7
Yellow green 5 GY 7.08 / 9.1
Orange yellow 10 YR 7 / 10.5
Blue 7.5 PB 2.90 / 12.75
Green 0.1 G 5.38 / 9.65
Red 5 R 4/12
Yellow 5 Y 8 / 11.1
Magenta 2.5 RP 5/12
Cyan 5 B 5/8
White N 9.5 /
Neutral 8 N 8 /
Neutral 6.5 N 6.5 /
Neutral 5 N 5 /
Neutral 3.5 N 3.5 /
Black N 2 /

  The ranking when the comparative visual experiment was performed was statistically processed based on the ranking results of the subjects, and was as follows. Rank 0 was given when no change was felt or the same or similar to the experimental reference light. In addition, “natural, vivid, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance and object appearance can be realized”, rank +1 when slightly preferable, rank +2 when preferable, rank +3 when more preferable, When it was very preferable, it was ranked +4, and when it was extremely preferable, it was ranked +5. On the other hand, if “natural, vivid, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, object appearance cannot be realized”, depending on the degree, rank-1 is not preferable, otherwise Rank-2, rank-3 when less preferred, rank-4 when very unfavorable, rank-5 when markedly unfavorable.

  In determining the rank, the subject was instructed to observe the illumination object from the following viewpoints and score it comprehensively. That is, A) whether or not “achromatic appearance” such as black and white is favorably perceived when illuminated by each light emitting device as compared to when illuminated with experimental reference light, and B) black characters on a white background Whether the characters described in printed matter, newspapers, etc. are easy to read, C) whether “chromatic color appearance” having various hues including the subject's own skin color, etc. is preferably perceived, D) Whether it is easy to identify the color of an object having an approximate hue (for example, red paprika as two different individuals), E) whether it feels bright with the same illuminance (improves brightness) is there.

  In the various indexes summarized in Table 2 to Table 15 below, the column described as “light emitting element” indicates the characteristics of the light emitting element alone as described above, and the column described as “light emitting device” It is the result measured as a package LED. The column described as “Color Appearance” is a result obtained by calculation from the spectral distribution of the package LED, and the column described as “Comparative Visual Experiment Result” uses an LED lamp that contains the package LED. It is the result of the rank division regarding the color appearance of the lighting object at the time of the comparative visual experiment.

<Overview>
First, the outline and effects of this experiment will be described using the four types of light emitting devices shown in Table 2 as examples.

In Comparative Experiment Example 1, when an illumination object is illuminated, the color appears close to the reference light, the average color rendering index (R _a ) is extremely high, and the special color rendering index (R _i ) is also high. The light emitting device emits reference light, and A _cg was +64.1. This light source uses a purple semiconductor light-emitting element as a phosphor excitation light source, and a narrow-band β-SiAlON as a green phosphor (wavelength giving a maximum emission intensity at the time of light excitation of a single phosphor is 545 nm, its full width at half maximum Is realized using 55 nm).
The details of the SBCA phosphor, β-SiAlON phosphor, and CASON phosphor described in this specification are the same as the materials disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538.

Comparative Experimental Example 2 is a light emitting device that emits light disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538, and A _cg was −44.9. This light-emitting device also uses a purple semiconductor light-emitting element as a phosphor excitation light source as in Comparative Experimental Example 1, and gives a narrow-band β-SiAlON as a green phosphor (maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor). The wavelength is 545 nm and the full width at half maximum is 55 nm).

Reference Experimental Example 1 is also a light emitting device that emits light within the scope of Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538, and A _cg was −58.7. However, this light-emitting device uses a blue semiconductor light-emitting element as a phosphor excitation light source, and a broadband CSMS as a green phosphor (wavelength giving a maximum emission intensity at the time of light excitation of a single phosphor is 514 nm, its full width at half maximum Is realized using 106 nm).

On the other hand, Experimental Example 1 is a novel light emitting device that emits light that is not disclosed in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538, and A _cg was +10.4. This light source uses a blue semiconductor light emitting element as a phosphor excitation light source, and a broadband CSO as a green phosphor (wavelength giving a maximum value of emission intensity at the time of light excitation of a single phosphor is 520 nm, and its full width at half maximum is 96 nm) This is realized by using

These four light-emitting devices are all set to close correlated color temperatures (about 3800 to 4200 K) for comparison. Also, D _uvSSL was set to a close value (about −0.0100 to −0.0125) except for the light emitting device of Comparative Experimental Example 1 prepared as the experimental reference light.

  In addition, the detailed constituent materials of each light source, its characteristics, and characteristics as a light emitting device are summarized in Table 2. Table 2 also shows the results of mathematical derivation of the difference in color appearance between the case of illumination with the reference light and the case of illumination with each test light in the specific 15 types of modified Munsell color charts. . Furthermore, based on the light emitting device of Comparative Experimental Example 1 prepared as the experimental reference light, the results of a comparative visual experiment on how the actual color looks with the remaining three light emitting devices are also shown. ing.

The spectral radiant flux characteristics of the light emitting device of comparative experimental example 1, the light emitting device of comparative experimental example 2, the light emitting device of reference experimental example 1, and the light emitting device of experimental example 1 are shown in FIGS. Also, FIGS. 4 to 7-1 show the color appearances of the specific 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when illuminated with the reference light and when illuminated with the respective test lights, a ^* value and b ^* Also shown is the CIELAB color space, with values plotted together. In addition, when illuminated with the reference light in the CIELAB color space, it is indicated with a dotted line, and when illuminated with each test light, it is indicated with a solid line.

Here, the following can be understood from Table 2, FIGS.
In the light emitting device of Comparative Experimental Example 2, the index A _cg was −44.9, and the light source efficiency η as the light emitting device was 45.9 (lm / W). Mathematically, it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the saturation of each hue improves relatively evenly. In fact, even in a comparative visual experiment, the color appearance is better than that of the light emitting device of Comparative Experimental Example 1. It was judged and was rank 4.

Further, the index A _cg of the light emitting device of Reference Experimental Example 1 was −58.7, and the light source efficiency η as the light emitting device was 48.0 (lm / W). Also, mathematically, it can be seen from FIG. 6 that the saturation of each hue improves relatively evenly. Actually, the color appearance is judged to be better than that of the light emitting device of Comparative Experimental Example 1, and rank 4 Met.

In contrast, the index A _{cg of} the light emitting device shown in Experimental Example 1 was +10.4. The light source efficiency η as a light emitting device was 54.4 (lm / W), which was relatively higher than any of the light emitting devices. Mathematically, it can be seen from FIG. 7-1 that the saturation of each hue improves relatively evenly, and in fact, it is determined that the color appearance is better than that of the light emitting device of Comparative Experimental Example 1. And rank 5.

That is, the result of the light-emitting device of Experimental Example 1 is “natural” even when the value is outside the range of the light-emitting devices described in Japanese Patent Nos. 5252107 and 5257538, particularly when the index A _cg has a value larger than −10. Thus, it can be said that it is specifically exemplified that there may be a case where a light-emitting device that can realize vivid, high-visibility, comfortable, color appearance, and object appearance ”can be realized. Furthermore, it is understood that the light source efficiency η of the light emitting device can be improved only in such a case.

<Detailed explanation 1>
Next, this experiment will be described in detail by further illustrating an experimental example / comparative experimental example.
Tables 3 to 7 show experimental examples of this experiment. These are the results of the light emitting devices that are ranked from rank +1 to rank +5 in the overall rank classification of the comparative visual experiment in the order of the table numbers. In addition, the light emitting devices classified into one rank are arranged in the order of low T _SSL to high T _SSL . Further, FIG. 8 to FIG. 14A illustrate the spectral distribution and CIELAB color space of light emitted from the light emitting device extracted as an example from each rank.

When the results of these experimental examples / comparative experimental examples were examined in detail, in order for the appearance of the color illuminated by the light emitting device to be determined to be rank +1 or higher in the comparative visual experiment, the light emitting device includes the following light emitting elements. I understand that I was doing.
Condition α: Blue semiconductor light-emitting element Condition β: Broadband green phosphor Condition γ: Red phosphor

On the other hand, in order for the appearance of the color illuminated by the light emitting device to be determined to be rank +1 or higher in a comparative visual experiment, each index derived from the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light emitting device has all the following characteristics: You can see that it had.
Condition 1: −10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
Condition 2: −0.0220 ≦ D _uvSSL ≦ −0.0070
Condition 3: 0.2250 ≦ φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max ≦
0.7000
Condition 4: 605 (nm) ≦ λ _SSL-RM-max ≦ 653 (nm)

Furthermore, it can be seen that the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light emitting device determined to be rank +1 or higher in the comparative visual experiment can also have the following characteristics.
Condition 5: 430 (nm) ≦ λ _SSL-BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
Condition 6: 0.1800 ≦ φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max ≦
0.8500

In addition, the radiation efficiency K (lm / W) and the correlated color temperature T _SSL (K) derived from the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light emitting device determined to be rank +1 or higher in the comparative visual experiment are as follows. It can also be seen that
Condition 7: 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
Condition 8: 2600 K ≦ T _SSL ≦ 7700 K

In addition, it can be seen that φ _SSL (λ) of the light-emitting device determined to be rank +1 or higher in the comparative visual experiment can have a characteristic that does not have an effective intensity derived from the light-emitting element in the range of 380 nm to 405 nm.

Further, it can be seen that φ _SSL (λ) of the light-emitting device determined to be rank +1 or higher in the comparative visual experiment may have a feature that it does not include a narrow-band green phosphor and a yellow phosphor as a light-emitting element.

On the other hand, each index related to “color appearance” derived from the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light emitting device, in which the appearance of the color illuminated by the light emitting device is determined to be rank +1 or higher in the comparative visual experiment, n is 1 It can be seen that the natural number of 15 to 15 had all the following characteristics.
Condition I −4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00
Condition II: 0.50 ≦ SAT _ave ≦ 4.00
Condition III: 2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
Condition IV: 0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees

As a result of calculating the color appearance based on the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light emitting device satisfying these conditions, that is, FIGS. 7-1 and FIGS. Comparing the appearance of the color assuming that the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts are illuminated with the reference light and the illumination with the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of each light emitting device, in any light emitting device, (1) The hue angle difference is small, (2) the saturation level is improved relatively evenly in any of the 15 types of hues, and (3) the degree of saturation level improvement is within an appropriate range. I understand that. When such a feature actually illuminates an object to be illuminated, it is thought to induce “natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, object appearance” Mathematically, it can be said that it corresponds to condition I to condition IV.

To describe the effect of color appearance more specifically, when the light emitting device of this experiment is used for illumination, compared with the case of illumination with reference light, A) “achromatic color like black and white” “Appearance” is preferably perceived, B) Printed material including black characters on a white background, characters described in newspapers, etc. are perceived in an easy-to-read manner, and C) “Chromatic” It was confirmed that “color appearance” was perceived preferably, D) the color of an object having an approximate hue was easily perceived, and E) the same illuminance was felt bright.

Further, regarding the selection of the blue semiconductor light emitting element described in the condition α, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The dominant wavelength λ _CHIP-BM-dom of the blue light emitting element when the element single pulse is driven can be selected from 445 nm to 475 nm,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 447.5 nm or more and 470 nm or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 452.5 nm or more and 470 nm or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select the vicinity of 457.5 nm. Incidentally, the vicinity means ± 2.5 nm.

Further, regarding the selection of the broadband green phosphor described in the condition β, the characteristics are considered as follows in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5.
The wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max giving the maximum value of the emission intensity of the broadband green phosphor upon photoexcitation of the phosphor alone is 511 nm or more and 543 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm is 90 nm or more and 110 nm or less. Is selectable,
From the results of the entire experimental example, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 514 nm or more and 540 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm is 96 nm or more and 108 nm or less. Somewhat preferred to choose,
From the results of the ranks +2 to +5, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 520 nm or more and 540 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm is 96 nm or more and 108 nm or less. It is preferable to select
From the result of rank +5, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 520 nm or more and 530 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm is 96 nm or more and 104 nm or less. It is much preferable to do.
Furthermore, from the overall tendency, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 521 nm or more and 529 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm is 97 nm or more and 103 nm or less. It is considered that selection is even more preferable. These tendencies are thought to be necessary in the light emitting device of this experiment in order to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

Furthermore, specific phosphor materials are considered to have the following characteristics in light of the results of classification from rank +1 to rank +5.
The green phosphor is not particularly limited as long as it emits green light when photoexcited by a single material and satisfies the optical characteristics, but is not limited to LuAG phosphor, CSO phosphor, G-YAG phosphor, CSMS. Examples include phosphors, BSS phosphors, BSON phosphors, etc.
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select LuAG phosphor, CSO phosphor, G-YAG phosphor, CSMS phosphor,
From the results of ranks +2 to +5, it is preferable to select a LuAG phosphor, a CSO phosphor, and a G-YAG phosphor,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select the LuAG phosphor and the CSO phosphor.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the red phosphor described in the condition γ, in light of the results of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The wavelength λ _PHOS-RM-max of the red phosphor that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 622 nm or more and 663 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _{PHOS-RM-
fwhm} can be selected from 80 nm to 105 nm,
From the results of the entire experimental example, the wavelength λ _PHOS-RM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 625 nm to 660 nm and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm is 87 nm to 99 nm. Somewhat preferred to choose,
From the results of the ranks +4 to +5, the wavelength λ _PHOS-RM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 645 nm or more and 660 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm is 88 nm or more and 99 nm or less. It is highly preferred to choose
From the result of rank +5, the wavelength λ _PHOS-RM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 645 nm or more and 660 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm is 88 nm or more and 89 nm or less. It is much preferable to do.
In addition, from the overall tendency, the wavelength λ _PHOS-RM-max that gives the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor is 632 nm to 660 nm and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm is 88 nm to 99 nm. It may be considered preferable to select:

Furthermore, specific phosphor materials are considered to have the following characteristics in light of the results of classification from rank +1 to rank +5.
The red phosphor is not particularly limited as long as it emits red light when photoexcited with a single material and satisfies the optical characteristics, but examples thereof include CASN phosphor, CASON phosphor, and SCASN phosphor. There,
It is slightly preferable to select CASN phosphor, CASON phosphor, SCASN phosphor from the results of the whole experimental example,
It is very preferable to select CASN phosphors and CASON phosphors from the results of ranks +4 to +5,
It is particularly preferable to select a CASN phosphor from the result of rank +5.

Further, regarding the selection of the index A _cg described in the condition 1, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The index can be selected to be greater than -10.0 and less than or equal to 120.0,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select from -4.6 to 116.3,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select −4.6 to 87.7,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select from -4.6 to 70.9,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select from −1.5 to 26.0.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of D _uvSSL described in Condition 2, in light of the results of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The distance D _uvSSL can be selected from −0.0220 to −0.0070,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select −0.0212 or more and −0.0071 or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select −0.0184 or more and −0.0084 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select −0.0161 or more and −0.0084 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select −0.0145 or more and −0.0085 or less.
In addition, it is much more preferable to select -0.0145 or more and -0.0090 or less from _DuvSSL from the whole tendency, and it is much more preferable to select -0.0140 or more and less than -0.0100. , -0.0135 or more and less than -0.0120 can be considered to be even more preferable.

Further, regarding the selection of the value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max described in the condition 3, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max can be selected from 0.2250 to 0.7000,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.2278 or more and 0.6602 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 0.2427 or more and 0.6225 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 0.2427 or more and 0.5906 or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the wavelength λ _SSL-RM-max described in Condition 4, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The wavelength λ _SSL-RM-max can be selected from 605 nm to 653 nm,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 606 nm or more and 652 nm or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select 607 nm or more and 647 nm or less,
From the results of the ranks +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 622 nm or more and 647 nm. Further, from the tendency so far, it can be considered that λ _SSL-RM-max is more preferably selected from 625 nm to 647 nm.
In addition, from the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 630 nm or more and 647 nm or less.
Furthermore, from the overall tendency, it can be considered that it is much more preferable to select λ _SSL-RM-max from 631 nm to 647 nm.
These tendencies are thought to be necessary in the light emitting device of this experiment in order to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the wavelength λ _SSL-BM-max described in the condition 5, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The wavelength λ _SSL-BM-max can be selected from 430 nm to 480 nm,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 440 nm or more and 460 nm or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 447 nm or more and 460 nm,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select 450 nm or more and 457 nm or less.
Furthermore, from the overall tendency, it can be considered that λ _SSL-BM-max is much more preferably selected from 451 nm to 456 nm.
These tendencies are thought to be necessary in the light emitting device of this experiment in order to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

Further, regarding the selection of the value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max described in the condition 6, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max can be selected from 0.1800 to 0.8500,
From the results of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.8326 or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select from 0.1917 to 0.6207,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.6202 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.5840 or less.
Moreover, it can be considered that it is preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.7300 or less for φSSL _-BG-min / φSSL _-RM-max from the overall tendency.
These tendencies are thought to be necessary in the light emitting device of this experiment in order to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the radiation efficiency K (lm / W) described in the condition 7, the characteristics are considered as follows in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5.
The radiation efficiency K (lm / W) can be selected from 210.0 (lm / W) to 290.0 (lm / W),
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 286.9 (lm / W) or less,
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 282.3 (lm / W) or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 261.1 (lm / W) or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 256.4 (lm / W) or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the correlated color temperature T _SSL (K) described in the condition 8, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The correlated color temperature T _SSL (K) can be selected from 2600 (K) to 7700 (K),
From the results of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 2644 (K) or more and 7613 (K) or less,
From the results of ranks +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 2644 (K) or more and 6797 (K) or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the saturation difference ΔC _n described in the condition I, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The saturation difference ΔC _n can be selected from −4.00 to 8.00,
From the results of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select from −3.49 to 7.11.
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select −3.33 or more and 7.11 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select from −1.73 to 6.74,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select −0.93 or more and 6.74 or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of SAT _ave described in Condition II, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The SAT _ave can be selected from 0.50 to 4.00,
From the result of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.53 or more and 3.76 or less,
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select 1.04 or more and 3.76 or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select 1.11 or more and 3.76 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select from 1.40 to 3.76,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 1.66 or more and 3.76 or less.

Furthermore, with respect to the selection of the difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | between the maximum saturation difference and the minimum saturation difference described in Condition III, in light of the results classified from rank +1 to rank +5 The characteristics are considered as follows.
The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | can be selected from 2.00 to 10.00,
From the result of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 3.22 or more and 9.52 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 4.12 or more and 7.20 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 4.66 or more and 7.10 or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the absolute value | Δh _n | of the hue angle difference described in the condition IV, in light of the results of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The absolute value | Δh _n | of the hue angle difference can be selected from 0.00 to 12.50,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.001 or more and 12.43 or less,
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select from 0.01 to 12.43,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select 0.02 or more and 12.43 or less,
From the results of ranks +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 0.02 or more and 9.25 or less.

In addition, since it is considered that the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n | is desired to be 0, the lower limit of the value is changed, and ideally, 0.00 to 12.43 is selected. Is more preferred,
It is highly preferred to select between 0.00 and 9.25,
It is more preferable to select from 0.00 to 7.00,
It is considered to be very preferable to select from 0.00 to 5.00.

  With regard to color appearance, “natural, vivid, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, and object appearance can be realized.” It can also be seen that it is quantified that the condition IV is satisfied at the same time.

<Detailed explanation 2>
In addition, it was confirmed by a comparative visual experiment that the light emitted from the light emitting devices described in Experimental Examples 1 to 52 is superior to the color appearance of the light emitting devices that emit the experimental reference light. At the same time, it was also confirmed that the light source efficiency η was greatly improved as follows. Table 8 summarizes the A _cg values and light source efficiencies η of Comparative Experiment Example 2 and Reference Experiment Example 1 shown in Table 2.

On the other hand, Table 9 extracts all the light emitting devices corresponding to T _SSL from _3800K to 4200K and D _uvSSL from _−0.0125 to −0.0100 from the experimental examples shown in Tables 3 to 7, and as much as possible. These are to be compared with Comparative Experiment Example 2 and Reference Experiment Example 1. Table 9 summarizes the values derived from Experimental Examples 1, 2, 3, 19, 21, 23, 41, 42. According to Table 8, the average value of A _cg was −51.8 and the average value of η was 47.0 (lm / W), but in Table 9, the average value of A _cg was +51.4, and η The average value of was 65.5 (lm / W). In the light emitting device shown in Table 8 and the light emitting device shown in Table 9, the difference in color appearance of the illumination object is not large on average. Here, it can be seen that the light source efficiency of the light emitting device of this experiment shown in Table 9 was increased by about 39% compared to the conventional light emitting device shown in Table 8.

<Detailed explanation 3>
Tables 10 to 15 summarize comparative experimental examples (rank-1 to rank-5) of this experiment from the following viewpoints. Further, FIGS. 15 to 27 illustrate the spectral distribution and the CIELAB color space from the respective tables.

Table 10 shows that “D _uvSSL is smaller than _−0.0220 and A _cg is −10 or less, although an appropriate blue semiconductor light emitting element, an appropriate broadband green phosphor, and an appropriate red phosphor are used. "Case" is illustrated.

Table 11 shows that a suitable blue semiconductor light emitting element and a suitable red phosphor are used, and that A _cg is also in a suitable range, but “as a result of using a yellow phosphor as a light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region, The case where [phi] _SSL-BG-min / [phi] _SSL-BM-max is smaller than 0.225 "is illustrated.

Table 12 uses an appropriate blue semiconductor light emitting element and an appropriate red phosphor, and D _uvSSL and A _cg are in an appropriate range, but “a narrow band green phosphor is used as a light emitting element in an intermediate wavelength region”. Therefore, as a result, the case where φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max has become smaller than 0.225 ”is exemplified.

Table 13 uses appropriate blue semiconductor light-emitting elements, appropriate broadband green phosphors, and appropriate red phosphors, and although A _cg is also in an appropriate range, “D _uvSSL , φ _SSL-BG characterizing spectral distribution” _-Min / φ _SSL-BM-max or λ _SSL-RM-max is not appropriate ”.

Table 14 shows the _case where “D _uvSSL is larger than _−0.007 and A _cg is larger than +120”, although a suitable blue semiconductor light emitting element, a suitable broadband green phosphor, and a suitable red phosphor are used. Is illustrated.

Table 15 shows that “φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM ” is used although an appropriate blue semiconductor light-emitting element, an appropriate broadband green phosphor, and an appropriate red phosphor are used and A _cg is also in an appropriate range. _-max is greater than 0.7000 _{and, D UvSSL} are exemplified "greater than -0.007.

Looking at these results, the spectral distribution φ _SSL as the light-emitting device must satisfy all of the conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4, “natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, It can be seen that a light emitting device that achieves both “color appearance, object appearance” and “light source efficiency improvement” cannot be realized. Further, the light emitting device whose spectral distribution φ _SSL does not satisfy at least one of the conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 does not satisfy at least one of the conditions I to IV regarding the color appearance, and is compared at the same time. In the visual experiment, it can also be seen that it is classified into any one of rank-1 to rank-5.

  Furthermore, regarding the light-emitting elements constituting the light-emitting device, when using a narrow-band green phosphor or a yellow phosphor, “natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, A light emitting device that achieves both “appearance” and “improves light source efficiency” could not be realized. It can also be seen that these did not satisfy at least one of the conditions I to IV regarding the color appearance, and at the same time were classified into rank-4 in the comparative visual experiment.

Further details are as follows.
In Comparative Experimental Example 3, Comparative Experimental Example 4, and Comparative Experimental Example 5 corresponding to “when D _uvSSL is smaller than _−0.0220 and A _cg is −10 or less” shown in Table 10, spectroscopy is performed. Distributions and CIELAB plots are illustrated in FIGS. 15, 16, and 17, respectively. Each of these had the following problems.
In the comparative experiment example 3 (see FIG. 15), the comparative visual experiment “looked excessively ridiculous”. These are considered to correspond to the degree of saturation improvement shown in the CIELAB plot shown in FIG. 15 being excessive. Furthermore, this essence is considered to be because D _uvSSL and A _cg were excessively negative values.
In comparative experimental example 4 (see FIG. 16) and comparative experimental example 5 (see FIG. 17), in the comparative visual experiment, “some colors look bright but some colors look dull”. These are consistent with the degree of saturation improvement in the CIELAB plots shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 being relatively uneven for each color chart, and more likely to be less saturated than the reference light in some hues. it is conceivable that. Further, in some color charts, the hue angle changes excessively, and the change in color itself is considered to be included in such an impression.

On the other hand, as shown in Table 11, “Because the yellow phosphor was used as the light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region,
As a result, the case where φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max is smaller than 0.225 ”and“ a narrow-band green phosphor as a light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region ”shown in Table 12 are used. As a result, in the case where φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max has become smaller than 0.225 ”, the spectral distribution and CIELAB of Comparative Experimental Example 7 and Comparative Experimental Example 10 The plots are shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, respectively. Each of these had the following problems.
In these comparative visual experiments, “some colors are excessively voluminous, some colors appear excessively dull, and the difference in color makes the appearance of the colors quite strange”. These tend to be consistent with the CLELAB plots shown in FIGS. Further, the essence is that, as in Comparative Experimental Example 7 (see FIG. 18) and Comparative Experimental Example 10 (see FIG. 19), the phosphors responsible for the spectral distribution derived from the blue semiconductor light emitting element and the light emission in the respective intermediate wavelength regions. In the “region where spectral intensity is weak between about 465 nm and 525 nm or less” formed between the spectral distributions of the origin, the spectral intensity is excessively low. This is probably because the degree of saturation increased, while in another hue, the degree of saturation decreased. Further, in some color charts, the hue angle changes excessively, and the change in color itself is considered to be included in such an impression.
Conversely, it is considered preferable to use a broadband green phosphor as a light emitting element because these problems can be easily solved.

Comparative experimental example 6 shown in Table 11 corresponding to “when the value of φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max is excessively smaller than 0.2250” (not shown, φ _{SSL-BG- min} / φ _SSL-BM-max = 0.1033), Comparative Experimental Example 10 shown in Table 12 (FIG. 19, φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max = 0.0978), Comparative experiment example shown 15 (FIG. _{20, φ SSL-BG-min} / φ SSL-BM-max = 0.1105), and Comparative experiment example 18 (FIG. _{22, φ SSL-BG-min} / φ SSL-BM _−max = 0.1761), even if Condition 1 (A _cg value), Condition 2 (D _uvSSL value), and Condition 4 (λ _SSL-RM-max value) are satisfied, it is mathematically derived. Ru specific 15 correction man To see the color of Le color vote, some becomes excessive saturation trend, also became a part of excess non-saturation tendency. Moreover, the rank when the comparative visual experiment was performed using these light emitting devices was -4.

Note that the following measures are conceivable as means for avoiding a situation where these φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max are excessively small. First, as a first means, it is possible to use a broadband green phosphor. When the broadband green phosphor is used, it is possible to avoid a situation in which φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max shown in comparative experimental example 6 and comparative experimental example 10 is excessively small.

Further, as a second means for avoiding a situation where φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max is excessively small, a blue semiconductor light emitting device having an appropriate wavelength after using a broadband green phosphor Can be used. In this experiment, a blue semiconductor light emitting element having a dominant wavelength at the time of pulse driving of 445.0 nm or more and 475.0 nm or less can be selected from the experimental example, and more preferably, pulse driving of 447.5 nm or more and 470.0 nm or less is possible. A blue semiconductor light-emitting element having a dominant wavelength can be selected, and a blue semiconductor light-emitting element having a dominant wavelength at the time of pulse drive of 457.5 nm ± 2.5 nm is particularly preferable.

In order to prevent φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max from becoming excessively small, it can be considered that λ _CHIP-BM-dom is preferably a longer wavelength, but this is not correct. . A preferable range of λ _CHIP-BM-dom is as described above. This is due to the following reason.
First, blue semiconductor light-emitting devices are AlGaInN semiconductor light-emitting devices epitaxially grown mainly on sapphire substrates, Si substrates, SiC substrates, and GaN substrates, but their internal quantum efficiency depends on the In composition of the quantum well layer. That is, it depends on λ _CHIP-BM-dom . Here, for example, consider an InGaN quantum well layer. The In composition of the quantum well layer having a sufficient spectral intensity of 465 nm or more and 525 nm or less has a high concentration enough to reduce this when compared with the condition in which the internal quantum efficiency is highest. This is not preferable from the viewpoint of achieving both the light source device and the light source efficiency.
Further, regarding the appearance of color, if λ _CHIP-BM-dom is excessively long wavelength and the spectral intensity derived from the light emitting element does not exist in an appropriate part of the short wavelength region of φ _SSL (λ), The appearance of the color of the specific 15 corrected Munsell color chart derived is partly excessively saturated and partly excessively unsaturated. Specifically, a tendency of saturation / unsaturation occurs with a color chart different from that when φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max becomes excessively small. Therefore, in order not to make φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max too small, it is not preferable to make λ _CHIP-BM-dom too long.

Further, as a third means for avoiding a situation where φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max is excessively small, the following can be considered. Specifically, the first λ _CHIP-BM-dom is set using a blue semiconductor light emitting element having a dominant wavelength during pulse driving of 445.0 nm or more and 475.0 nm or less, and as a light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region In the case of using a yellow phosphor, a narrow-band green phosphor, or the like, it can be considered that a light emitting element is further added in a range of 465 nm or more and 525 nm or less spanning the short wavelength region and the intermediate wavelength region. For this purpose, an AlGaInN-based blue semiconductor light emitting device having a second λ _CHIP-BM-dom having a center of its spectral distribution in a region of 465 nm or more and 525 nm or less, and GaP having a second λ _CHIP-BM-dom. A yellow-green light emitting element (with a peak wavelength of about 530 nm to 570 nm) by GaP on the substrate can be selected and added. Furthermore, a broadband green phosphor can be mixed here.
However, in the light emitting device of this experiment, it is important to improve the light source efficiency as well as the color of the illumination object. Excessive increase of the light emitting elements reduces the light source efficiency such as mutual absorption and Stokes loss. Since it may be connected, it is not necessarily preferable. From this point of view, it is not preferable to use a yellow phosphor or a narrow-band green phosphor as a light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region and add another light emitting element. That is, in the light emitting device of this experiment, it is possible to use a yellow phosphor or a narrow-band green phosphor, but it is not always preferable, and a broadband green phosphor is used as a light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region. Is preferred.

Comparative experiment corresponding to “when any of D _uvSSL , φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max , λ _SSL-RM-max is not suitable” characterizing the spectral distribution shown in Table 13 In Example 15, Comparative Experimental Example 16, and Comparative Experimental Example 18, the spectral distribution and the CIELAB plot are illustrated in FIGS. 20, 21, and 22, respectively. Each of these had the following problems.
In the comparative experimental example 15 (see FIG. 20) and the comparative experimental example 18 (see FIG. 22), in the comparative visual experiment, “some colors are excessively voluminous and some colors look excessively dull, the difference between them. This has made the color look quite uncomfortable. In these cases, the degree of saturation change shown in the CIELAB plots shown in FIGS. 20 and 22 is higher in saturation than in the reference light depending on the hue of the object to be illuminated, while the saturation is lowered in other hues. Is considered to be consistent. This essence is considered to be because φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max was an excessively small value.

In the comparative experiment example 16 (see FIG. 21), in the comparative visual experiment, “some colors look bright but some colors look dull”. These are the CIELA shown in FIG.
It is considered that the degree of saturation improvement in the B plot is relatively unequal, which is consistent with the fact that some hues tend to be less saturated than the reference light. This essence is considered to be because λ _SSL-RM-max was on the shorter wavelength side than the appropriate range. Further, in some color charts, the hue angle changes excessively, and the change in color itself is considered to be included in such an impression.

In Comparative Experimental Example 19, Comparative Experimental Example 22, and Comparative Experimental Example 23 corresponding to “when D _uvSSL is larger than _−0.007 and A _cg is larger than +120” shown in Table 14, the spectral distribution And CIELAB plots are illustrated in FIGS. 23, 24 and 25, respectively. Each of these had the following problems.

In the comparative experiment example 19 (see FIG. 23) and the comparative experiment example 22 (see FIG. 24), it was determined that “the whole looked dull” in the comparative visual experiment. These are considered to be consistent with the fact that the degree of saturation change shown in the CIELAB plots shown in FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 is generally desaturated regardless of the hue of the illumination object. This essence is considered to be because D _uvSSL and A _cg were excessively large values. On the other hand, in Comparative Experimental Example 23 (see FIG. 25), it was determined in the comparative visual experiment that “an improvement in color appearance was not felt. Some colors had poor color appearance”. These are considered to be consistent with the fact that the degree of saturation change shown in the CIELAB plot shown in FIG. This essence is considered to be because D _uvSSL and A _cg were excessively large values.

Comparative experiment example 26, which corresponds to “when φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max is greater than _0.7000 and D _uvSSL is greater than _−0.007 ” shown in Table 15 and comparison In Experimental Example 27, the spectral distribution and the CIELAB plot are illustrated in FIGS. 26 and 27, respectively. Each of these had the following problems.

In the comparative experimental example 26 (see FIG. 26) and the comparative experimental example 27 (see FIG. 27), in the comparative visual experiment, “the entire image look dull” and “some colors look vivid, The color was dull. " In these figures, the degree of saturation change shown in the CIELAB plot shown in FIG. 26 is generally non-saturation regardless of the hue of the illumination object. In FIG. It is relatively uneven and is considered to be consistent with the fact that some hues tend to be less saturated than the reference light. This essence is considered to be because φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max is excessively large and D _uvSSL is excessively large. The ranks in the comparative visual experiment are as low as −5 and −2 in the comparative experimental example 26 and the comparative experimental example 27, respectively. Therefore, in order to realize the light emitting device of this experiment which aims at “coexistence of color appearance and light source efficiency of the light emitting device”, φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max needs to be sufficiently controlled. There is. In Comparative Experimental Example 26 and Comparative Experimental Example 27, it is considered that the unevenness of an appropriate size was not formed in the region of 465 nm to 525 nm in the spectral distribution, and the unevenness was too small.
Similarly, φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max needs to be sufficiently controlled. An appropriate range of these φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max and φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max is generally the light emitting device in order to exhibit the effect of this experiment. In other words, it is important to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

From the above results, in the light emitting device including the control element according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in order to obtain such perception, the various indexes shown in Tables 2 to 15 are within the appropriate range. It turned out to be preferable. The requirements also apply to the light emitting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention and the light emitting device according to the first embodiment for each of the parameters related to the method of designing the light emitting device according to the third embodiment. It is the same as the device.

  In addition, in the illumination method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it has been found that in order to obtain such perception, it is preferable that the various indexes shown in Tables 2 to 15 are in an appropriate range.

In particular, from the result of the test light judged to be good in the visual experiment, it can be seen that the following tendencies were found when the characteristics of | Δh _n |, SAT _ave , ΔC _n , | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | were considered. That is, the test light that gives good color appearance and object appearance is assumed to be the color appearance of the 15-color chart assumed when illuminated with the reference light for calculation, and the illumination with the measured test light spectral distribution. The color appearance of the 15 color chart had the following characteristics.

The hue angle difference (| Δh _n |) of the 15 color chart between the illumination by the test light and the illumination by the calculation reference light is relatively small, and the average saturation SAT _{ave of the} 15 color chart of the illumination by the test light is Compared with that of the illumination with the reference light for calculation, it was raised in an appropriate range. In addition, not only the average value but also the saturation (ΔC _n ) of the 15 color charts, each ΔC _{n of the} 15 color charts of the illumination by the test light is different from those of the illumination by the reference light for calculation. In comparison, there is neither extremely decreased nor extremely improved, all are in the appropriate range, and as a result, the difference between the maximum and minimum saturation differences | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | It was narrow. Furthermore, in a simplified manner, when the illumination with the test light is assumed as compared with the case where the illumination with the reference light is assumed for the 15 color chart, the hue angle in all the hues of the 15 color chart is assumed. It can be inferred that the difference is small and the saturation of the 15 color charts is improved relatively evenly in an appropriate range.

The solid line in FIG. 7-2 is the normalized test light spectral distribution of Experimental Example 1 that is determined in Table 2 as “remarkably preferable” as a comprehensive determination. Also, the dotted line in the figure is the normalized spectral distribution of the calculation reference light (black body radiation light) calculated from the CCT of the test light. On the other hand, FIG. 7-1 shows the color of the 15 color chart, assuming the case of illumination in the experimental example 1 (solid line) and the case of illumination with the reference light for calculation (light of black body radiation) (dotted line). CIELAB plot for appearance. In addition, although the vertical direction on the paper is lightness, only the a ^* and b ^* axes are plotted here for convenience.
Further, FIGS. 14-1 and 14-2 summarize the results of Experimental Example 50 determined as “remarkably preferable” as a comprehensive judgment in Table 7 in the same manner as described above.

  In this way, when a favorable color appearance and an object appearance are obtained in the visual experiment, when the illumination with the test light is assumed as compared with the case where the illumination with the reference light for the 15 color chart is assumed, It can be seen that, in all hues of the 15 color charts, the hue angle difference is small and the saturation of the 15 color charts is improved relatively evenly in an appropriate range.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the saturation difference ΔC _n described in the condition I, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The saturation difference ΔC _n can be selected from −4.00 to 8.00,
From the results of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select from −3.49 to 7.11.
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select −3.33 or more and 7.11 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select from −1.73 to 6.74,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select −0.93 or more and 6.74 or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of SAT _ave described in Condition II, rank +1 to rank +5
In light of the results categorized as, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The SAT _ave can be selected from 0.50 to 4.00,
From the result of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.53 or more and 3.76 or less,
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select 1.04 or more and 3.76 or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select 1.11 or more and 3.76 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select from 1.40 to 3.76,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 1.66 or more and 3.76 or less.

Furthermore, with respect to the selection of the difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | between the maximum saturation difference and the minimum saturation difference described in Condition III, in light of the results classified from rank +1 to rank +5 The characteristics are considered as follows.
The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | can be selected from 2.00 to 10.00,
From the result of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 3.22 or more and 9.52 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 4.12 or more and 7.20 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 4.66 or more and 7.10 or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the absolute value | Δh _n | of the hue angle difference described in the condition IV, in light of the results of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The absolute value | Δh _n | of the hue angle difference can be selected from 0.00 to 12.50,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.001 or more and 12.43 or less,
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select from 0.01 to 12.43,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select 0.02 or more and 12.43 or less,
From the results of ranks +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 0.02 or more and 9.25 or less.

In addition, since it is considered that the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n | is desired to be 0, the lower limit of the value is changed, and ideally, 0.00 to 12.43 is selected. Is more preferred,
It is highly preferred to select between 0.00 and 9.25,
It is more preferable to select from 0.00 to 7.00,
It is considered to be very preferable to select from 0.00 to 5.00.

Further, regarding the selection of the index A _cg described in the condition 1, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The index can be selected to be greater than -10.0 and less than or equal to 120.0,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select from -4.6 to 116.3,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select −4.6 to 87.7,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select from -4.6 to 70.9,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select from −1.5 to 26.0.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of D _uvSSL described in Condition 2, in light of the results of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The distance D _uvSSL can be selected from −0.0220 to −0.0070,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select −0.0212 or more and −0.0071 or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select −0.0184 or more and −0.0084 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select −0.0161 or more and −0.0084 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select −0.0145 or more and −0.0085 or less.
In addition, it is much more preferable to select -0.0145 or more and -0.0090 or less from _DuvSSL from the whole tendency, and it is much more preferable to select -0.0140 or more and less than -0.0100. , -0.0135 or more and less than -0.0120 can be considered to be even more preferable.

Further, regarding the selection of the value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max described in the condition 3, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max can be selected from 0.2250 to 0.7000,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.2278 or more and 0.6602 or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 0.2427 or more and 0.6225 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 0.2427 or more and 0.5906 or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the wavelength λ _SSL-RM-max described in Condition 4, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The wavelength λ _SSL-RM-max can be selected from 605 nm to 653 nm,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 606 nm or more and 652 nm or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select 607 nm or more and 647 nm or less,
From the results of the ranks +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 622 nm or more and 647 nm. Further, from the tendency so far, it can be considered that λ _SSL-RM-max is more preferably selected from 625 nm to 647 nm.
In addition, from the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 630 nm or more and 647 nm or less.
Furthermore, from the overall tendency, it can be considered that it is much more preferable to select λ _SSL-RM-max from 631 nm to 647 nm.
These tendencies are thought to be necessary in the light emitting device of this embodiment in order to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the wavelength λ _SSL-BM-max described in the condition 5, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The wavelength λ _SSL-BM-max can be selected from 430 nm to 480 nm,
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 440 nm or more and 460 nm or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 447 nm or more and 460 nm,
From the result of rank +5, it is particularly preferable to select 450 nm or more and 457 nm or less.
Furthermore, from the overall tendency, it can be considered that λ _SSL-BM-max is much more preferably selected from 451 nm to 456 nm.
These tendencies are thought to be necessary in the light emitting device of this embodiment in order to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

Further, regarding the selection of the value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max described in the condition 6, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max can be selected from 0.1800 to 0.8500,
From the results of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.8326 or less,
From the results of rank +3 to +5, it is more preferable to select from 0.1917 to 0.6207,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.6202 or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.5840 or less.
Moreover, it can be considered that it is preferable to select 0.1917 or more and 0.7300 or less for φSSL _-BG-min / φSSL _-RM-max from the overall tendency.
These tendencies are thought to be necessary in the light emitting device of this embodiment in order to have irregularities of an appropriate size at appropriate positions in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ).

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the radiation efficiency K (lm / W) described in the condition 7, the characteristics are considered as follows in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5.
The radiation efficiency K (lm / W) can be selected from 210.0 (lm / W) to 290.0 (lm / W),
From the results of the whole experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 286.9 (lm / W) or less,
From the results of rank +2 to +5, it is preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 282.3 (lm / W) or less,
From the results of rank +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 261.1 (lm / W) or less,
From the result of rank +5, it is much preferable to select 212.2 (lm / W) or more and 256.4 (lm / W) or less.

Furthermore, regarding the selection of the correlated color temperature T _SSL (K) described in the condition 8, in light of the result of classification from rank +1 to rank +5, the characteristics are considered as follows.
The correlated color temperature T _SSL (K) can be selected from 2600 (K) to 7700 (K),
From the results of the entire experimental example, it is slightly preferable to select 2644 (K) or more and 7613 (K) or less,
From the results of ranks +4 to +5, it is very preferable to select 2644 (K) or more and 6797 (K) or less.

Next, the control element is introduced into the LED light source / apparatus / system which does not include the control element, which is experimentally produced in the above experiment, and the radiometric characteristics and photometry of the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device including the control element An attempt was made to extract the target characteristics from the measured spectrum. That is, numerical features such as index A _cg , radiation efficiency K (lm / W), CCT (K), and D _{uv of} light emitted from the light emitting element and the light emitting device in the main radiation direction were extracted. At the same time, the difference between the appearance of the color of the 15-color chart assumed when illuminated with the reference light for calculation and the appearance of the color of the 15-color chart assumed when illuminated with the measured test light spectral distribution is also used. , | Δh _n |, SAT _ave , ΔC _n , | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | The values of | Δh _n | and ΔC _n change when n is selected, but the maximum value and the minimum value are shown here. These values are also shown in Table 16, Table 17, and Table 18. This study also represents examples and comparative examples according to the present invention.

Specifically, by including the control element, the spectral distribution Φ _elm (λ) of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction and the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main direction. An experiment was conducted to see how this changes.
Hereinafter, an experiment according to the present invention will be described.

Example 1
First, an optical filter having spectral transmission characteristics shown in FIG. 30 was prepared. Moreover, package LED which has blue LED, LuAG fluorescent substance, and CASN fluorescent substance as a light emitting element was prepared, these six were mounted in the LED board, and the LED module was produced. At this time, the spectral distribution normalized by the maximum spectral radiant flux of the light emitted on the axis from the LED module is shown by a dotted line in FIG. Also, FIG. 32 mathematically assumes that the same spectral distribution and 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 are used as illumination objects, and the case where the LED module illuminates, and the LED module Also shown are CIELAB plots showing a ^* and b ^* values when illuminated with reference light derived from the correlated color temperature. Further, the photometric characteristics and colorimetric characteristics at this time are summarized in Reference Example 1 in Table 16. Here, the light emitted on the axis from the LED module according to the reference example 1 realized a good color appearance as is apparent from each value.
Next, the LED lighting fixture which concerns on Example 1 was produced using the said LED module. At this time, the optical filter having the spectral transmission characteristics shown in FIG. 30 was mounted in the light emission direction. The solid line in FIG. 31 is the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Example 1, normalized by the maximum spectral radiant flux of light emitted on the axis from the LED module. Here, it can be seen that unevenness is added to the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Example 1 due to the characteristics of the optical filter. In addition, FIG. 32 mathematically assumes that the same spectral distribution and 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 are used as illumination objects, and the LED lighting apparatus according to Example 1 is used for illumination. Also shown are CIELAB plots showing the a ^* value and b ^* value when illuminated with the reference light derived from the case and the correlated color temperature of the LED lighting fixture. Further, the photometric characteristics and colorimetric characteristics at this time are summarized in Example 1 in Table 16.
D _uv (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to the first embodiment is −0.0076, and D _uv (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to the first reference embodiment is −0.0072 to 0.0004. Reduced. The A _cg (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to Example 1 was 6.1, which was reduced by 64.8 from 70.9, which is A _cg (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Example 1. . Moreover, SAT _ave (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to the first embodiment is 2.59, and 1.67 to 0.92 which is SAT _ave (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to the first reference embodiment. When it was observed at the same illuminance, it became more vivid and better in color appearance.

Example 2
First, an optical filter having spectral transmission characteristics shown in FIG. 33 was prepared. Further, a package LED having a blue LED, a LuAG phosphor, and a SCASN phosphor as a light emitting element was manufactured. Furthermore, 12 of these packaged LEDs were mounted on an LED board to produce an LED module. At this time, the spectral distribution normalized by the maximum spectral radiant flux of the light emitted on the axis from the LED module is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. In addition, FIG. 35 mathematically assumes that the same spectral distribution and 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 are used as illumination objects, and a case where the LED module illuminates, Also shown are CIELAB plots showing a ^* and b ^* values when illuminated with reference light derived from the correlated color temperature. Further, the photometric characteristics and colorimetric characteristics at this time are summarized in Reference Comparative Example 1 in Table 17. Here, the light emitted on the axis from the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 1 could not realize a good color appearance, as is apparent from each value.
Next, the LED lighting fixture which concerns on Example 2 was produced using the said LED module. At this time, the optical filter shown in FIG. 33 was mounted in the light emission direction. The solid line in FIG. 34 is the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Example 2, normalized by the maximum spectral radiant flux of light emitted on the axis from the LED module. Here, it can be seen that in the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Example 2, the relative intensity of the radiant flux derived from the LED emission changes and irregularities are added depending on the characteristics of the optical filter. In addition, FIG. 35 mathematically assumes that the same spectral distribution and 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 are used as illumination objects, and illumination is performed using the LED lighting apparatus according to the second embodiment. Also shown are CIELAB plots showing the a ^* value and b ^* value when illuminated with the reference light derived from the case and the correlated color temperature of the LED lighting fixture. Further, the photometric characteristics and colorimetric characteristics at this time are summarized in Example 2 in Table 17.
The D _uv (φ _SSL ) of the lighting apparatus according to Example 2 is −0.0073, and the D _uv (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 1 is −0.0040 to 0.0033. Reduced. A _cg (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to Example 2 was 48.4, which was reduced by 73.9 from 122.3, which is A _cg (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 1. . Moreover, SAT _ave (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture was 2.15, which was increased by 2.62 from −0.47 which is SAT _ave (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 1.
As a result, even if it is a luminaire using a semiconductor light emitting device, a package LED, and an LED module that cannot realize a good color appearance, an LED capable of realizing a good color appearance due to the optical characteristics of the control element. A lighting fixture can be realized.

Example 3
First, an optical filter having spectral transmission characteristics shown in FIG. 36 is prepared. Moreover, package LED which has blue LED, YAG fluorescent substance, and SCASN fluorescent substance as a light emitting element is prepared, 18 of these are mounted in an LED board, and an LED module is produced. At this time, the spectral distribution normalized by the maximum spectral radiant flux of the light emitted on the axis from the LED module is as shown by a dotted line in FIG. In addition, FIG. 38 mathematically assumes that the same spectral distribution and 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 are used as the illumination target, and the LED module illuminates the LED module. Also shown are CIELAB plots showing the a ^* value and b ^* value when illuminated with reference light derived from the correlated color temperature. Further, the photometric characteristics and colorimetric characteristics at this time are summarized in Reference Comparative Example 2 in Table 18. Here, the light emitted on the axis from the LED module according to the reference comparative example 2 does not realize a good color appearance as is apparent from each value.

Next, an LED lighting apparatus according to Example 3 is manufactured using the LED module. At this time, the optical filter having the spectral transmission characteristics shown in FIG. 36 is mounted in the light emission direction. The solid line in FIG. 37 is the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Example 3, normalized by the maximum spectral radiant flux of light emitted on the axis from the LED module. Here, it can be seen that unevenness is added to the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Example 3 due to the characteristics of the optical filter. In addition, FIG. 38 mathematically assumes that the same spectral distribution and 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 are used as illumination objects, and illuminates with the LED lighting apparatus according to the third embodiment. Also shown are CIELAB plots showing the a ^* value and b ^* value when illuminating with reference light derived from the correlated color temperature of the LED lighting fixture. Further, the photometric characteristics and colorimetric characteristics at this time are summarized in Example 3 in Table 18.
The D _uv (φ _SSL ) of the lighting apparatus according to Example 3 is −0.0123, and the D _uv (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 2 is −0.0117 to 0.0006. Reduce. The A _cg (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to Example 3 is 66.9, which is reduced by 36.6 from 103.5, which is A _cg (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 2. . Moreover, SAT _ave (φ _SSL ) of the lighting apparatus according to Example 3 is 2.29, and SAT _ave (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 2 is 0.99 to 1.30. Increased, and when observing at the same illuminance, the color appears more vivid and better.

Comparative Example 1
The LED lighting device according to Comparative Example 1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a packaged LED having a blue LED, a YAG phosphor, and a SCASN phosphor was prepared as a light emitting element as in Reference Comparative Example 2. .
Similar to Example 1, the characteristics of the LED lighting fixture according to Comparative Example 1 created by mounting the optical filter shown in FIG. 30 were as follows. The solid line in FIG. 39 is the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Comparative Example 1, normalized by the maximum spectral radiant flux of light emitted on the axis from the LED module. Here, it can be seen that irregularities are added in the spectral distribution of the LED lighting apparatus according to Comparative Example 1 due to the characteristics of the optical filter. In addition, FIG. 40 mathematically assumes that the same spectral distribution and 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 are used as illumination objects, and the LED lighting apparatus according to Comparative Example 1 is used for illumination. CIELAB plots showing the a ^* value and the b ^* value when illuminated with the reference light derived from the case and the correlated color temperature of the LED lighting fixture are also shown. Furthermore, the photometric characteristics and colorimetric characteristics at this time are summarized in Comparative Example 1 in Table 18.
The D _uv (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to the comparative example 1 is −0.0112, and the D _uv (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to the reference comparative example 2 is −0.0117 to 0.0005. Increased. A _cg (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to Comparative Example 1 was 115.2, which was increased by 11.7 from 103.5 which is A _cg (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 2. . In addition, SAT _ave (φ _SSL ) of the lighting fixture according to Comparative Example 1 is 1.59, and SAT _ave (Φ _elm ) of the LED module according to Reference Comparative Example 2 is 0.99 to 0.60. Increased.
As a result, even when a control element capable of realizing a good color appearance when combined with a specific light emitting element is combined with a lighting fixture using another semiconductor light emitting element, package LED, or LED module. It can be seen that good color appearance may not be achieved.

[Discussion]
From the above experimental results, the following inventive matters can be derived.
First, by considering the results of Reference Comparative Example 1 and Example 2, and also the results of Reference Comparative Example 2 and Example 3, Reference Comparative Example 1 and Reference Comparison in which good color appearance cannot be realized. The light emitting device according to Example 2 and Example 3 that can realize a good color appearance by arranging an appropriate control element with respect to the light emitting device according to Example 2 (which is grasped as a light emitting element in the present invention) Can be realized respectively.
That is, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting element and a control element, which has at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as light-emitting elements, and has a wavelength of λ (nm)
And then, the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting element in the main emission direction [Phi _{elm (lambda),} the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device in the main radiation direction is _{φ SSL (λ), Φ elm} ( When light having λ) does not satisfy at least one of the following conditions 1 to 4, and light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions 1 to 4, a good color appearance can be realized. No light emitting device (light emitting element) is a light emitting device capable of realizing good color appearance by the control element.
In particular, it is possible to realize a good color appearance according to this embodiment by arranging a specific control element for an LED lighting device that has already been distributed in the market and has not realized a good color appearance. A light emitting device can be obtained.

Conditions 1 to 4 according to the present embodiment are conditions derived from the experimental examples already described.
Condition 1:
The spectral distribution of the target light is φ (λ), the spectral distribution of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light is φ _ref (λ),
The tristimulus values of the target light are (X, Y, Z),
The tristimulus values of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T are (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref ),
The normalized spectral distribution S (λ) of the target light, the normalized spectral distribution S _ref (λ) of the reference light of the target light, and the difference ΔS (λ) between these normalized spectral distributions are respectively
S (λ) = φ (λ) / Y
S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S (λ)
And define
In the wavelength range of 380nm or more 780nm or less, the S a wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum of (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the lambda _RL-max than the long wavelength side S (lambda _{RL −max} ) / 2, where there is a wavelength Λ4,
Index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (1) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
And
On the other hand, in the range of wavelength of 380nm or more 780 nm, the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of the S (lambda) upon the λ _RL-max (nm), the long wavelength side than the λ _RL-max S ( In the case where there is no wavelength Λ4 where λ _RL−max ) / 2,
The index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (2) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
It is.


Condition 2:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light has a distance D _uv from the black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377,
-0.0220 ≤ D _uv ≤ -0.0070
It is.
Condition 3:
For the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm to 495 nm is defined as φ _BM-max , and the minimum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm to 525 nm is defined as φ _BG-min. When
0.2250 ≦ φBG _-min / φBM _-max ≦ 0.7000
It is.
Condition 4:
Spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda) is the maximum value of the spectral intensity at 780nm following range of 590nm when defined as phi _RM-max, the wavelength lambda _RM-max providing the phi _RM-max is,
605 (nm) ≤ λ _RM-max ≤ 653 (nm)
It is.

In addition, it is preferable that the light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the following conditions I to IV, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the conditions I to IV. Conditions I to IV are also derived from the experimental examples already described.
Condition I:
The CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space a ^* value and b ^* value of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed are a ^* _N , b ^* _n (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination with the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is mathematically assumed When the a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the saturation difference ΔC _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
Condition II:
The average saturation difference in the target light represented by the following formula (3) is
It is.
Condition III:
When the maximum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _max and the minimum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _min , the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
Note that ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _n ) ² + (b ^* _n ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 types of modified Munsell color chart # 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
Condition IV:
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed is θ _n (degree) (where n is 1 to 15) Natural number)
Hue in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color chart when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light When the angle is θ _nref (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, it is set as _{( DELTA) hn} = (theta) _{n- (} theta _{) nref} .

Secondly, by considering the results of Reference Example 1 and Example 1, it is possible to appropriately control the light-emitting device (recognized as a light-emitting element) according to Reference Example 1 that can realize good color appearance. By arranging the elements, it is possible to realize the light emitting devices according to Example 1 that can realize a better color appearance.
That is, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting element and a control element, having at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as a light-emitting element, and having a wavelength of λ (nm), the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element to the main radiation direction Φ _{elm (λ),} the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light-emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _{SSL (λ), Φ elm} a _(lambda) A light-emitting device (light-emitting element) capable of realizing a good color appearance when light having the above conditions 1 to 4 is satisfied and light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions 1 to 4 The light emitting device can realize a better color appearance by the control element.
In particular, even in a semiconductor light emitting device that is excellent in color appearance when used for lighting purposes, it is possible to further adjust the color appearance according to the user's preference.
Further, it is preferable that the light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions I to IV and the light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions I to IV.

  Furthermore, when the light emitting device satisfies the conditions described below, a light emitting device (light emitting element) that does not realize good color appearance is more preferable as a light emitting device that can realize good color appearance by a control element. .

That is, it is more preferable that the light emitting device is characterized in that light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 5 and light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 5.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.

At this time, light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 6 to 8, and light having φ _SSL (λ) has Φ _elm (λ) among the following conditions 6 to 8: More preferably, the light emitting device satisfies at least one of the conditions that light does not satisfy.
At this time, the light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 6 to 8, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is the same as the condition satisfied by the light having Φ _elm (λ). A light-emitting device characterized by satisfying the above condition may be used.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.

More preferably, the light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 6 and the light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 6.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.

In the condition 6,
0.1917 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.7300
It is more preferable that the light emitting device be characterized in that.

At this time, the light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5, 7 and 8, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is from among the following conditions 5, 7 and 8 If there is a condition that the light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy, it is more preferable that the light emitting device satisfies at least one of them.
At this time, light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5, 7 and 8, and light having φ _SSL (λ) is light having Φ _elm (λ). A light-emitting device characterized by satisfying the same condition as the condition to be satisfied may be used.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.

More preferably, the light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 7, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 7.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.

At this time, the light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5, 6 and 8, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is from among the following conditions 5, 6 and 8 If there is a condition that the light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy, it is more preferable that the light emitting device satisfies at least one of them.
At this time, light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5, 6 and 8, and light having φ _SSL (λ) is light having Φ _elm (λ). A light-emitting device characterized by satisfying the same condition as the condition to be satisfied may be used.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.

More preferably, the light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 8, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies the following condition 8.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.

At this time, light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5 to 7, and light having φ _SSL (λ) has Φ _elm (λ) among the following conditions 5 to 7: More preferably, the light emitting device satisfies at least one of the conditions that light does not satisfy.
At this time, the light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5 to 7, and the light having φ _SSL (λ) is the same as the condition satisfied by the light having Φ _elm (λ). A light-emitting device characterized by satisfying the above condition may be used.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.

  Furthermore, the light-emitting device is preferably a light-emitting device (light-emitting element) that can realize a good color appearance when the conditions described below are satisfied, because the light-emitting device can realize a better color appearance by the control element.

That is, light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions 5 to 8, and light having φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies all of the following conditions 5 to 8: Even more preferably.
Condition 5:
In the spectral distribution of the light of interest phi (lambda), the wavelength lambda _BM-max providing the phi _BM-max is,
430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max ≦ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 0.1800 ≦ φBG _-min / φRM _-max ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
Radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is 210.0 lm / W ≦ K ≦ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is 2600 K ≦ T ≦ 7700 K
It is.

On the other hand, the method for manufacturing the light emitting device according to the second embodiment of the present invention can be similarly derived from the above experimental results.
That is, a method of manufacturing a light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element, the step of preparing a first light emitting device having at least a blue semiconductor light emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as the light emitting elements And a step of manufacturing the second light emitting device by arranging the control element so that at least a part of the light emitted from the first light emitting device in the main radiation direction passes, and the wavelength is λ (nm) Φ _elm (λ) is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the first light emitting device in the main radiation direction, and φ _SSL (λ is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the second light emitting device in the main radiation direction. ), And light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the above conditions 1 to 4 and light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions 1 to 4 Manufacture of light emitting device It is a method.
In particular, for the LED lighting device that has already been distributed in the market and has not realized a good color appearance, a step of arranging a specific control element is performed, and the good color appearance according to this embodiment is achieved. Manufacturing a light-emitting device that can be realized belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.

A method of manufacturing a light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element, the step of preparing a first light emitting device having at least a blue semiconductor light emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as the light emitting elements And a step of manufacturing the second light emitting device by arranging the control element so that at least a part of the light emitted from the first light emitting device in the main radiation direction passes, and the wavelength is λ (nm) Φ _elm (λ) is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the first light emitting device in the main radiation direction, and φ _SSL (λ is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the second light emitting device in the main radiation direction. ), And light having Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions 1 to 4 and light having φ _SSL (λ) also satisfies all of the above conditions 1 to 4 It is a manufacturing method.

In addition, the light emitting device design method according to the third embodiment of the present invention can be similarly derived from the above experimental results.
That is, a method of designing a light-emitting device having a light-emitting element and a control element, the light-emitting device having at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as light-emitting elements, and having a wavelength λ (nm), Φ _elm (λ) is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction, and φ _SSL (λ) is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction. , Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the above conditions 1 to 4 and light having φ _SSL (λ) is designed to satisfy all of the above conditions 1 to 4 The light emitting device design method.

A light emitting device design method having a light emitting element and a control element, the light emitting device having at least a blue semiconductor light emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as a light emitting element, and having a wavelength λ (nm), Φ _elm (λ) is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction, and φ _SSL (λ) is the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction. , Φ _elm (λ) satisfies all of the above conditions 1 to 4 and light having φ _SSL (λ) is also designed to satisfy all of the above conditions 1 to 4 This is a device design method.

In addition, the illumination method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention can be similarly derived from the above experimental results.
That is, an illumination method including an illumination object preparation step for preparing an illumination object, and an illumination step for illuminating the object with light emitted from a light emitting device including a semiconductor light emitting element that is a light emitting element and a control element. The light-emitting device has at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as the light-emitting elements, and the light emitted from the light-emitting elements illuminates the object in the illumination step. When the light measured at the position of the object does not satisfy at least one of the following <1> to <4>, and the light emitted from the light emitting device illuminates the object, It is an illumination method characterized by illuminating so that the light measured in the position of the said object may satisfy | fill all the following <1>-<4>.
Such <1> to <4> are conditions derived from the experimental examples already described.
<1>
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* colors of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts from # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is mathematically assumed The a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nSSL and b ^* _nSSL (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15, respectively)
The fifteen types of corrections when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T _SSL (K) of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object The saturation difference ΔC when the a ^* value and b ^* value in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the Munsell color chart are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), respectively. _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
<2>
The average of the saturation differences represented by the following formula (3) is
It is.
<3>
When the maximum value of the saturation difference is ΔC _max and the minimum value of the saturation difference is ΔC _min , the difference | ΔC _max between the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
However, ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _nSSL ) ² + (b ^* _nSSL ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 types of modified Munsell color chart # 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
<4>
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is mathematically assumed is θ _nSSL (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15),
The fifteen kinds of corrected Munsell color charts when mathematically assuming illumination with reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T _SSL of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object When the hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space is θ _nref (degrees) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, it is set as _{( DELTA) hn} = (theta) _{nSSL- (} theta) _nref .

Further, it is preferable that the illumination is performed so that the light emitted from the light emitting device satisfies all <5> to <8>. Note that <5> to <8> are also conditions derived from the experimental examples already described.
<5>
The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is λ _SSL (λ), where the wavelength is λ.
The reference light spectral distribution selected according to the correlated color temperature T _SSL of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object is φ _ref (λ),
The tristimulus values of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object are (X _SSL , Y _SSL , Z _SSL ),
The reference light tristimulus values selected according to T _SSL of the light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object are (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref ),
Normalized spectral distribution S _SSL (λ) of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object, and T _SSL (K) of light emitted from the light emitting device measured at the position of the object. The standardized spectral distribution S _ref (λ) of the reference light selected according to the difference between these normalized spectral distributions ΔS (λ),
S _SSL (λ) = φ _SSL (λ) / Y _SSL
S _ref (λ) = φ _ref (λ) / Y _ref
ΔS (λ) = S _ref (λ) −S _SSL (λ)
And define
Longer wavelength side than λ _SSL-RL-max when the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of S _SSL (λ) is λ _SSL-RL-max (nm) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm In the case where there is a wavelength Λ4 that satisfies S _SSL (λ _SSL-RL-max ) / 2,
Index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (1) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
And
On the other hand, when the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of S _SSL (λ) is λ _SSL-RL-max (nm) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, the λ _{SSL-RL-
In the} case where there is no wavelength Λ4 that becomes S _SSL (λ _SSL-RL-max ) / 2 on the longer wavelength side than _max ,
The index A _cg represented by the following mathematical formula (2) is
−10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0
It is.
<6>
The spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light has a distance D _uvSSL from a black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377,
−0.0220 ≦ D _uvSSL ≦ −0.0070
It is.
<7>
The spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light has a maximum value of spectral intensity in the range of 430 nm or more and 495 nm or less, φ _SSL-BM-max and a minimum value of spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm or more and 525 nm or less, φ _SSL-BG- When defined as _min ,
0.2250 ≦ φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max ≦ 0.7000
It is.
<8>
Spectral distribution phi _SSL of the light (lambda) is the maximum value of the spectral intensity at 780nm following range of 590nm when defined as φ _SSL-RM-max, the wavelength lambda giving the φ _{SSL-RM-max SSL- RM-max} is
605 (nm) ≤ λ _SSL-RM-max ≤ 653 (nm)
It is.

The illumination method includes an illumination object preparation step of preparing an illumination object, and an illumination step of illuminating the object with light emitted from a light emitting device including a semiconductor light emitting element that is a light emitting element and a control element. The light-emitting device has at least a blue semiconductor light-emitting element, a green phosphor, and a red phosphor as the light-emitting elements, and the light emitted from the light-emitting elements illuminates the object in the illumination step. When the light measured at the position of the object satisfies all <1> to <4> above, and the light emitted from the light emitting device illuminates the object, the light is measured at the position of the object. It is an illumination method characterized by illuminating so that light may satisfy | fill all said <1>-<4>.
Moreover, the aspect which illuminates so that the light radiate | emitted from a light-emitting device may satisfy <5>-<8> is preferable.

  Preferred embodiments for carrying out a light-emitting device, a method for manufacturing a light-emitting device, a method for designing a light-emitting device, and a lighting method of the present invention will be described below. The light-emitting device, the method for manufacturing a light-emitting device, and the light-emitting device of the present invention The mode for carrying out the design method and the illumination method is not limited to those used in the following description.

  The light-emitting device, the method for manufacturing the light-emitting device, and the method for designing the light-emitting device according to the present invention include the radiometric characteristics and optical measurement of the test light that is emitted from the light-emitting device in the main radiation direction and serves as a color stimulus for the illumination object. As long as the optical characteristics are within an appropriate range, there are no restrictions on the structure, material, and the like of the light emitting device.

  In the illumination method of the present invention, the fifteen colors are assumed assuming that the photometric characteristics of the test light that is emitted to the object to be illuminated and is a color stimulus are in an appropriate range and are illuminated with the reference light for calculation. If the difference between the color appearance of the vote and the color appearance of the 15-color chart assuming the illumination with the measured test light spectral distribution is within an appropriate range, there are no restrictions on the configuration, material, and the like of the light emitting device.

  Light emitting device of the present invention, method for manufacturing light emitting device, illumination light source for implementing light emitting device design method or lighting method, light fixture including the illumination light source, and light emitting device such as illumination system including the illumination light source and the lighting fixture Includes at least a light emitting element and at least a control element. The light emitting element includes at least a blue semiconductor light emitting element, a color phosphor, and a red phosphor. Note that the illumination light source including the semiconductor light emitting element is blue semiconductor light emitting when the above-described various conditions are satisfied and the light emitting device of the present invention, the manufacturing method of the light emitting device, the design method of the light emitting device, or the lighting method can be obtained. In addition to the elements, for example, a plurality of different semiconductor light emitting elements of green and red types may be included in one illumination light source, and one illumination light source includes a blue semiconductor light emitting element and is different. One illumination light source includes a green semiconductor light-emitting element, and another different illumination light source includes a red semiconductor light-emitting element, which are integrated with a filter, a lens, a reflector, a drive circuit, and the like in a lighting fixture. May be provided to the lighting system. Furthermore, there is one illumination light source in one lighting fixture, and a single semiconductor light emitting element is contained therein, and the lighting method of the present invention or Although the light emitting device cannot be implemented, the light emitted as the lighting system may satisfy the desired characteristics at the position of the lighting object by additive color mixing with light from different lighting fixtures existing in the lighting system. Of course, the light in the main radiation direction among the light emitted as the illumination system may satisfy the desired characteristics. In any form, the light in the main radiation direction among the light emitted from the light emitting device or the light as the color stimulus that is finally irradiated to the illumination object is suitable for the present invention. It only has to satisfy the conditions.

  The following is a description of the light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the light emitting device according to the second embodiment, and the light emitting device according to the third embodiment after satisfying the appropriate conditions. It describes about the characteristic which the light-emitting device for implementing the design method and the illuminating method concerning the 4th embodiment of this invention should have preferably.

  The light emitting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a light emitting element (light emitting material) having a peak in a short wavelength region of Λ1 (380 nm) to Λ2 (495 nm), and Λ2 (495 nm) to Λ3. Another light emitting element (light emitting material) having a peak in the intermediate wavelength region of (590 nm), and further another light emitting element (light emitting material) having a peak in the long wavelength region from Λ3 (590 nm) to 780 nm ). This is because it is possible to easily realize a preferable color appearance by independently setting or controlling the intensity of each light emitting element.

Therefore, the light emitting device according to this embodiment includes at least one kind of light emitting element (light emitting material) having a light emission peak in each of the above three wavelength regions.
In addition, when the above-described various conditions are satisfied and the effect of the present embodiment is obtained, one type is provided for each of the two regions in the three wavelength regions, and a plurality of light emitting elements (light emitting materials) are provided for the other region. In addition, one region in the three-wavelength region may have one type, and the other two regions may have a plurality of light-emitting elements (light-emitting materials). In the present invention, a plurality of light emitting elements may be included.

  In this embodiment, it is possible to freely mix and mount the semiconductor light emitting element and the phosphor, but at least the blue light emitting element and two types (green and red) of the phosphor are mounted in one light source. In addition, when the above-described conditions are satisfied and the effect of the present embodiment can be obtained, a blue light emitting element and three types of phosphors (green, red 1, and red 2) may be mounted in one light source. A part in which a blue light emitting element and two types of phosphors (green and red) are mounted in one light source, and a part in which a purple light emitting element and three types of phosphors (blue, green and red) are mounted May be included.

  In the light emitting device according to this embodiment, the light emitting elements (light emitting materials) in each of the three wavelength regions are formed with appropriate unevenness in the spectral distribution from the viewpoint of controlling the intensity of the peak portion and the intensity of the valley between the peaks. Therefore, it is preferable that the following light emitting material, phosphor material, and semiconductor light emitting element are included in the light emitting device as a light emitting element.

  First, in the short wavelength region of Λ1 (380 nm) to Λ2 (495 nm) in the three wavelength regions, heat radiation from a hot filament, discharge radiation from a fluorescent tube, high pressure sodium lamp, etc., laser, etc. It is possible to include light emitted from any light source such as spontaneous emission light, spontaneous emission light from a semiconductor light emitting element, spontaneous emission light from a phosphor, and the like. Among these, light emission from the semiconductor light emitting element is preferable because it is small and has high energy efficiency.

Specifically, the following can be used.
As the semiconductor light emitting device, a blue light emitting device including an In (Al) GaN-based material formed on a sapphire substrate or a GaN substrate in an active layer structure is preferable. In addition, a blue light-emitting element including an active layer structure containing a Zn (Cd) (S) Se-based material formed on a GaAs substrate is also preferable (preferable peak wavelengths are as described above).

Note that the spectral distribution of the radiant flux exhibited by light emitting elements (light emitting materials) such as semiconductor light emitting elements and phosphors, and the peak wavelength thereof are the ambient temperature, the heat radiation environment of light emitting devices such as packages and lamps, injection current, circuit configuration, Or, in some cases, it is usually slightly changed due to deterioration or the like.
The same applies to the spectral distribution of the radiant flux and the peak wavelength exhibited by light emitting elements (light emitting materials) such as semiconductor light emitting elements and phosphors described below.

  The active layer structure may be a multiple quantum well structure in which a quantum well layer and a barrier layer are stacked, or a single or double hetero structure including a relatively thick active layer and a barrier layer (or a clad layer), which consists of a single pn junction. It may be homozygous.

  In addition, when the above-described various conditions are satisfied and the effect of this embodiment can be obtained, a semiconductor laser such as a blue semiconductor laser may be used as the light emitting element.

The semiconductor light emitting element in the short wavelength region used in the light emitting device according to this embodiment preferably has a relatively wide full width at half maximum of its emission spectrum. In this respect, the full width at half maximum of the blue semiconductor light emitting element used in the short wavelength region is preferably 5 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more, very preferably 15 nm or more, and particularly preferably 20 nm or more. However, even in the case of having a remarkably wide emission spectrum, it becomes difficult to control φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max , φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-RM-max , and the spectral distribution φ Unevenness of an appropriate size cannot be formed at an appropriate position of _SSL (λ). Therefore, the full width at half maximum is preferably 45 nm or less, more preferably 40 nm or less, very preferably 35 nm or less, and particularly preferably 30 nm or less.

  Since the blue semiconductor light emitting element in the short wavelength region used in the light emitting device according to this embodiment preferably includes an In (Al) GaN-based material in the active layer structure, it is formed on a sapphire substrate or a GaN substrate. A light emitting element is preferable.

  Further, it is preferable that the substrate is either thick or completely peeled off from the blue semiconductor light emitting element. In particular, when a blue semiconductor light emitting device having a short wavelength region is formed on a GaN substrate, the substrate is preferably thick, preferably 100 μm or more, more preferably 200 μm or more so as to facilitate light extraction from the side wall of the GaN substrate. 400 μm or more is very preferable, and 600 μm or more is particularly preferable. On the other hand, the thickness of the substrate is preferably 2 mm or less, more preferably 1.8 mm or less, very preferably 1.6 mm or less, and particularly preferably 1.4 mm or less from the viewpoint of device preparation.

  On the other hand, when a light emitting element is formed on a sapphire substrate or the like, the substrate is preferably peeled off by a method such as laser lift-off. In this way, internal reflection generated by the optical interface between the In (Al) GaN-based epitaxial layer and the sapphire substrate is eliminated, and the light extraction efficiency can be improved. For this reason, it is preferable to manufacture the light-emitting device of this embodiment using such a light-emitting element because the light-source efficiency is improved.

  In addition, when satisfy | filling the various conditions mentioned above and the effect of this embodiment is acquired, the light-emitting device which concerns on this embodiment may contain the fluorescent substance material of a short wavelength region.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that the above-described φ _SSL (λ) does not have an effective intensity derived from the light emitting element in the range of 380 nm to 405 nm. Here, “having no effective intensity derived from the light emitting element” means that the above-described conditions are satisfied even when φ _SSL (λ) has the intensity derived from the light emitting element at the wavelength λ _f in the range. Satisfies the case where this embodiment is effective. More specifically, phi _SSL emitting elements derived intensity phi _SSL in the wavelength range normalized by the maximum spectral intensity of (λ) (λ _f) is, in any wavelength lambda _f of 380nm or 405nm or less, relative intensity Is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less, very preferably 3% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less.
Therefore, in this embodiment using a blue light emitting element such as a blue light emitting element (for example, a blue semiconductor laser having an oscillation wavelength of about 445 nm to 485 nm), the intensity derived from the light emitting element in the range of 380 nm to 405 nm is the above relative intensity. If it is within the range, it may have intensity as noise derived from the light emitting element.

  Next, in the intermediate wavelength region from Λ2 (495 nm) to Λ3 (590 nm) in the three wavelength regions, thermal radiation from a hot filament, discharge radiation from a fluorescent tube, high-pressure sodium lamp, etc., nonlinear optical effect It is possible to include light emitted from any light source such as stimulated emission light from a laser including second harmonic generation (SHG) using SEM, spontaneous emission light from a semiconductor light emitting device, spontaneous emission light from a phosphor, etc. is there. Of these, light emission from a photoexcited phosphor is particularly preferable.

When the above-described conditions are satisfied and the effect of this embodiment can be obtained, light emission from the semiconductor light emitting element, light emission from the semiconductor laser, and SHG laser may be included. These are small in size and energy efficient. Is preferable because it is high.
As a semiconductor light emitting device, a blue-green light emitting device (peak wavelength is about 495 nm to about 500 nm) or a green light emitting device (peak wavelength is 500 nm) containing an In (Al) GaN-based material on a sapphire substrate or a GaN substrate in an active layer structure. To 530 nm), a yellow-green light emitting element (peak wavelength is about 530 nm to 570 nm), a yellow light emitting element (peak wavelength is about 570 nm to 580 nm), and the like. In addition, a yellow-green light emitting element by GaP on the GaP substrate (peak wavelength is about 530 nm to 570 nm), a yellow light emitting element by GaAsP on the GaP substrate (peak wavelength is about 570 nm to 580 nm), and the like can be mentioned. Furthermore, a yellow light emitting element (peak wavelength is about 570 nm to 580 nm) by AlInGaP on a GaAs substrate can be used.

Specific examples of the green phosphor material of the intermediate wavelength region used for the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, the aluminate was Ce ³⁺ and activator, Ce ³⁺ yttrium aluminum oxide and activator of, Eu ²⁺ There are green phosphors based on activated alkaline earth silicate crystals and Eu ²⁺ activated alkaline earth silicate nitrides. These green phosphors are usually excitable using ultraviolet to blue semiconductor light emitting elements.

Specific examples of the Ce ³⁺ activated aluminate phosphor include a green phosphor represented by the following general formula (4).
Y _a (Ce, Tb, Lu) _b (Ga, Sc) _c Al _d O _e (4)
(In the general formula (4), a, b, c, d, e are a + b = 3, 0 ≦ b ≦ 0.2, 4.5 ≦ c + d ≦ 5.5, 0.1 ≦ c ≦ 2.6. And 10.8 ≦ e ≦ 13.4.) (A Ce ³⁺ activated aluminate phosphor represented by the general formula (4) is referred to as a G-YAG phosphor.)
In particular, in the G-YAG phosphor, the composition range satisfying the general formula (4) can be appropriately selected. Further, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm that give the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor are preferably in the following ranges in the light emitting device of this embodiment.
It is preferable that 0.01 ≦ b ≦ 0.05 and 0.1 ≦ c ≦ 2.6.
More preferably, 0.01 ≦ b ≦ 0.05 and 0.3 ≦ c ≦ 2.6.
It is very preferable that 0.01 ≦ b ≦ 0.05 and 1.0 ≦ c ≦ 2.6.
Also,
It is also preferable that 0.01 ≦ b ≦ 0.03 and 0.1 ≦ c ≦ 2.6.
More preferably, 0.01 ≦ b ≦ 0.03 and 0.3 ≦ c ≦ 2.6.
It is very preferable that 0.01 ≦ b ≦ 0.03 and 1.0 ≦ c ≦ 2.6.

Specific examples of the Ce ³⁺ activated yttrium aluminum oxide phosphor include a green phosphor represented by the following general formula (5).
Lu _a (Ce, Tb, Y) _b (Ga, Sc) _c Al _d O _e (5)
(In the general formula (5), a, b, c, d and e are a + b = 3, 0 ≦ b ≦ 0.2, 4.5 ≦ c + d ≦ 5.5, 0 ≦ c ≦ 2.6, and 10.8 ≦ e ≦ 13.4 is satisfied.) (A Ce ³⁺ activated yttrium aluminum oxide phosphor represented by the general formula (5) is referred to as a LuAG phosphor.)
In particular, in the LuAG phosphor, the composition range satisfying the general formula (5) can be appropriately selected. Further, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm giving the maximum value of the emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor are preferably in the following ranges in the light emitting device of this embodiment. .
Preferably 0.00 ≦ b ≦ 0.13,
It is more preferable that 0.02 ≦ b ≦ 0.13,
It is very preferable that 0.02 ≦ b ≦ 0.10.

Other examples include green phosphors represented by the following general formula (6) and the following general formula (7).
M ¹ _a M ² _b M ³ _c O _d (6)
(In the general formula (6), M ¹ represents a divalent metal element, M ² represents a trivalent metal element, M ³ represents a tetravalent metal element, and a, b, c and d are 2.7. ≦ a ≦ 3.3, 1.8 ≦ b ≦ 2.2, 2.7 ≦ c ≦ 3.3, 11.0 ≦ d ≦ 13.0) (represented by the general formula (6) (The phosphor is referred to as a CSMS phosphor.)

In the above formula (6), M ¹ is a divalent metal element, but Mg, Ca, Zn, S
It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of r, Cd, and Ba, more preferably Mg, Ca, or Zn, and particularly preferably Ca. In this case, Ca may be a single system or a composite system with Mg. M ¹ may contain other divalent metal elements.
M ² is a trivalent metal element, but is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Sc, Ga, Y, In, La, Gd, and Lu, and Al, Sc, Y, Or Lu is more preferred, and Sc is particularly preferred. In this case, Sc may be a single system or a composite system with Y or Lu. Further, M ² is an essential to include Ce, M ² may contain other trivalent metal elements.
M ³ is a tetravalent metal element, but preferably contains at least Si. Specific examples of the tetravalent metal element M ³ other than Si are preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ge, Zr, Sn, and Hf, and include Ti, Zr, Sn, and Hf. More preferably, it is at least one selected from the group consisting of: Sn is particularly preferable. In particular, it is preferable that M ³ is Si. M ³ may contain other tetravalent metal elements.

In particular, in the CSMS phosphor, the composition range satisfying the general formula (6) can be appropriately selected. Furthermore, in order for the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm , which give the maximum emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor, to be in the preferred range in the light emitting device of this embodiment, M it is preferred that the lower limit of the percentage of total ^{M 2} of Ce contained in ² is 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.02 or more. The upper limit of the percentage of total ^{M 2} of Ce contained in ^{M 2} is preferably 0.10 or less, more preferably 0.06 or less. Furthermore, the lower limit of the ratio of Mg contained in the M ¹ element to the entire M ¹ is preferably 0.01 or more, and more preferably 0.03 or more. On the other hand, the upper limit is preferably 0.30 or less, and more preferably 0.10 or less.

Furthermore, the fluorescent substance represented by following General formula (7) is mentioned.
M ¹ _a M ² _b M ³ _c O _d (7)
(In General Formula (7), M ¹ represents an activator element containing at least Ce, M ² represents a divalent metal element, M ³ represents a trivalent metal element, and a, b, c and d are 0.0001 ≦ a ≦ 0.2, 0.8 ≦ b ≦ 1.2, 1.6 ≦ c ≦ 2.4, and 3.2 ≦ d ≦ 4.8 are satisfied.) (General formula (7) The phosphor represented by is called a CSO phosphor.)

In the above formula (7), M ¹ is an activator element contained in the crystal matrix and contains at least Ce. Also, at least one 2-4 selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb. Valent elements can be included.
M ² is a divalent metal element, but is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Cd, and Ba, and is Mg, Ca, or Sr. Is more preferable, and 50 mol% or more of the element of M ² is particularly preferably Ca.
M ³ is a trivalent metal element, and is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of Al, Sc, Ga, Y, In, La, Gd, Yb, and Lu, and Al, Sc, Yb or Lu is more preferable, Sc or Sc and Al, or Sc and Lu is even more preferable, and 50 mol% or more of the element of M ³ is particularly preferably Sc.
M ² and M ³ represent divalent and trivalent metal elements, respectively, but only a small part of M2 and / or M3 may be monovalent, tetravalent or pentavalent metal elements. Furthermore, a trace amount of anions, for example, halogen elements (F, Cl, Br, I), nitrogen, sulfur, selenium and the like may be contained in the compound.

In particular, in the CSO phosphor, the composition range satisfying the general formula (7) can be appropriately selected. Further, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm giving the maximum value of the emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor are preferably in the following ranges in the light emitting device of this embodiment. .
It is preferable that 0.005 ≦ a ≦ 0.200,
It is more preferable that 0.005 ≦ a ≦ 0.012,
It is very preferable that 0.007 ≦ a ≦ 0.012.

Furthermore, a specific example of the phosphor based on Eu ²⁺ activated alkaline earth silicate crystal includes a green phosphor represented by the following general formula (8).
_{Ba a Ca b Sr c Mg d} Eu x SiO 4 (8)
(In the general formula (8), a, b, c, d and x are a + b + c + d + x = 2, 1.0
≦ a ≦ 2.0, 0 ≦ b <0.2, 0.2 ≦ c ≦ 1,0, 0 ≦ d <0.2 and 0 <x ≦ 0.5 are satisfied. (The alkaline earth silicate phosphor represented by the general formula (8) is referred to as a BSS phosphor.)
In the BSS phosphor, the composition range satisfying the general formula (8) can be appropriately selected. Further, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm giving the maximum value of the emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor are preferably in the following ranges in the light emitting device of this embodiment. .
More preferably, 0.20 ≦ c ≦ 1.00 and 0.25 <x ≦ 0.50,
It is very preferable that 0.20 ≦ c ≦ 1.00 and 0.25 <x ≦ 0.30.
further,
Preferably 0.50 ≦ c ≦ 1.00 and 0.00 <x ≦ 0.50,
More preferably, 0.50 ≦ c ≦ 1.00 and 0.25 <x ≦ 0.50,
It is very preferable that 0.50 ≦ c ≦ 1.00 and 0.25 <x ≦ 0.30.

Furthermore, a specific example of the phosphor based on Eu ²⁺ activated alkaline earth silicate nitride includes a green phosphor represented by the following general formula (9).
(Ba, Ca, Sr, Mg, Zn, Eu) ₃ Si ₆ O ₁₂ N ₂ (9)
(This is called BSON phosphor).
In the BSON phosphor, the composition range satisfying the general formula (9) can be appropriately selected. Further, the wavelength λ _PHOS-GM-max and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm giving the maximum value of the emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of a single phosphor are preferably in the following ranges in the light emitting device of this embodiment. .
Of the divalent metal elements (Ba, Ca, Sr, Mg, Zn, Eu) that can be selected in the general formula (9), a combination of Ba, Sr, and Eu is preferable. Furthermore, the ratio of Sr to Ba is It is more preferable to set it as 10 to 30%.

Moreover, satisfying the conditions described above, when the effect of the present embodiment can be obtained, _{other, (Y 1-u Gd u} ) 3 (Al 1-v Ga v) 5 O 12: Ce, Eu ( provided that u and v satisfy 0 ≦ u ≦ 0.3 and 0 ≦ v ≦ 0.5, respectively) Yttrium / aluminum / garnet-based phosphors (referred to as YAG phosphors) and Ca _{1.5x La 3-X Si 6 N} 11: Ce ( here, x is, 0 ≦ x ≦ 1) in lanthanum silicon nitride phosphor represented (. which this is referred to as LSN phosphor) of a yellow phosphor, such as May be included. Further, a narrow-band green phosphor represented by Si _6-z Al _z O _z N _8-z : Eu (where 0 <z <4.2) based on Eu ²⁺ activated sialon crystal (this is represented by β -Called SiAlON phosphor). However, as described above, when a light-emitting device is configured using only these narrow-band green phosphors and yellow phosphors as light-emitting elements in the intermediate wavelength region, it is difficult to realize the desired color appearance of the illumination object.
Therefore, in the light-emitting device of this embodiment, it is possible to use a yellow phosphor or a narrow-band green phosphor in combination with other semiconductor light-emitting elements, a broadband phosphor, and the like, but it is not always preferable. As the light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region, it is preferable to use a broadband green phosphor.

  Therefore, it is preferable that the light emitting device according to this embodiment does not substantially contain a yellow phosphor. Here, “substantially does not contain a yellow phosphor” refers to a case where even if a yellow phosphor is contained, the above-described conditions are satisfied and the effect of the present embodiment can be obtained. The yellow phosphor weight relative to the total weight is preferably 7% or less, more preferably 5% or less, very preferably 3% or less, and particularly preferably 1% or less.

  Next, in the long wavelength region from Λ3 (590 nm) to 780 nm among the three wavelength regions, stimulated emission from thermal radiation from a hot filament, discharge radiation from a fluorescent tube, high-pressure sodium lamp, etc., laser, etc. Light emitted from any light source such as light, spontaneous emission from a semiconductor light emitting device, spontaneous emission from a phosphor, and the like can be included. Of these, light emission from a photoexcited phosphor is particularly preferable.

When the above-described conditions are satisfied and the effect of this embodiment can be obtained, light emission from the semiconductor light emitting element, light emission from the semiconductor laser, and SHG laser may be included. These are small in size and energy efficient. Is preferable because it is high.
As the semiconductor light emitting element, an AlGaAs based material formed on a GaAs substrate, an orange light emitting element (peak wavelength is about 590 nm to about 600 nm) including an (Al) InGaP based material formed on a GaAs substrate in an active layer structure, A red light emitting element (600 nm to 780 nm) can be used. In addition, a red light emitting element (600 nm to 780 nm) including a GaAsP-based material formed on a GaP substrate in an active layer structure can be used.

As a specific example of the phosphor material in the long wavelength region used in the light emitting device according to the present embodiment, a crystal made of Eu ²⁺ as an activator and alkaline earth siliconitride, α sialon or alkaline earth silicate Examples thereof include phosphors used as a base material. This type of red phosphor can usually be excited using ultraviolet to blue semiconductor light emitting devices.

Specific examples of an alkaline earth silicon nitride crystal as a base include phosphors represented by CaAlSiN ₃ : Eu (referred to as CASN phosphors), (Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg) AlSiN ₃ : Eu And / or a phosphor represented by (Ca, Sr, Ba) AlSiN ₃ : Eu (referred to as SCASN phosphor), (CaAlSiN ₃ ) _1-x (Si ₂ N ₂ O) _x : Eu (provided that x is a phosphor represented by 0 <x <0.5) (referred to as a CASON phosphor), (Sr, Ca, Ba) ₂ Al _x Si _5-x O _x N _8-x : Eu (however, The phosphor represented by 0 ≦ x ≦ 2), Eu _y (Sr, Ca, Ba) _1-y : Al _{1 + x} Si _4−x O _x N _7−x (where 0 ≦ x <4, 0 ≦ y < 0.2).

In addition, an Mn ⁴⁺ activated fluoride complex phosphor is also included. The Mn ⁴⁺ activated fluoride complex phosphor is a phosphor using Mn ⁴⁺ as an activator and an alkali metal, amine or alkaline earth metal fluoride complex salt as a base crystal. Fluoride complexes that form host crystals include those whose coordination center is a trivalent metal (B, Al, Ga, In, Y, Sc, lanthanoid), and tetravalent metal (Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr, Re, Hf) and pentavalent metals (V, P, Nb, Ta), and the number of fluorine atoms coordinated around them is 5-7.

Specifically, the Mn ⁴⁺ activated fluoride complex phosphor has an A _{2 + x} M _y Mn _z F _n (A is Na and / or K; M is Si and Al) having a hexafluoro complex salt of an alkali metal as a base crystal. −1 ≦ x ≦ 1 and 0.9 ≦ y + z ≦ 1.1 and 0.001 ≦ z ≦ 0.4 and 5 ≦
n ≦ 7). Among these, one in which A is one or more selected from K (potassium) or Na (sodium) and M is Si (silicon) or Ti (titanium), for example, K ₂ SiF ₆ : Mn (this is KSF fluorescence) K ₂ Si _1-x Na _x Al _x F ₆ : Mn, K ₂ TiF ₆ : Mn (which is a part of this constituent element (preferably 10 mol% or less) substituted with Al and Na) KSNAF phosphor)).

In addition, the phosphor represented by the following general formula (10) and the phosphor represented by the following general formula (11) are also included.
_{(La 1-x-y,} Eu x, Ln y) 2 O 2 S (10)
(In general formula (10), x and y represent numbers satisfying 0.02 ≦ x ≦ 0.50 and 0 ≦ y ≦ 0.50, respectively, and Ln represents Y, Gd, Lu, Sc, Sm and Er. Represents at least one kind of trivalent rare earth element.) (The lanthanum oxysulfide phosphor represented by the general formula (10) is referred to as a LOS phosphor).
(K−x) MgO.xAF ₂ .GeO ₂ : yMn ⁴⁺ (11)
(In the general formula (11), k, x and y represent numbers satisfying 2.8 ≦ k ≦ 5, 0.1 ≦ x ≦ 0.7 and 0.005 ≦ y ≦ 0.015, A represents calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), zinc (Zn), or a mixture thereof. Call it.)

In the present embodiment, a configuration in which only one type of CASN phosphor, CASON phosphor, and SCASN phosphor is included in the light emitting device is preferable for improving light source efficiency.
On the other hand, KSF phosphor, KSNAF phosphor, LOS phosphor, and MGOF phosphor have extremely narrow half widths of about 6 nm, 6 nm, 4 nm, and 16 nm, respectively. Use in combination with a phosphor, a CASON phosphor, a SCASN phosphor, or the like is preferable because irregularities may be formed in an appropriate range in the spectral distribution φ _SSL (λ) of the light emitting device.

  The combination of these light emitting elements is very convenient for realizing the appearance of the color and the object that the subject has preferred in the visual experiment, such as the peak wavelength position and the full width at half maximum of each light emitting element.

In the light emitting device according to this embodiment, when the light emitting element (light emitting material) described so far is used, the index A _cg , the distance D _uvSSL , the value φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max , the wavelength λ _{SSL. Since} it becomes easy to set _-RM-max etc. to a desired value, it is preferable. Further, regarding the light as a color stimulus, regarding the difference between the color appearance of the 15 color chart when the illumination by the light emitting device is assumed and the color appearance when the illumination with the calculation reference light is assumed. ΔC _n , SAT _ave , | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |, and | Δh _n | are also preferable because the above-described light emitting element can be easily set to a desired value.

Various means are conceivable for reducing D _uv from 0 to an appropriate negative value. For example, assuming a light-emitting device having one light-emitting element in each of the three wavelength regions, the light-emitting position of the light-emitting element in the long-wavelength region is moved further to the short-wavelength side. Further, it is possible to shift the light emission position of the light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region from 555 nm, for example, to move to the longer wavelength side. Furthermore, the relative light emission intensity of the light emitting element in the short wavelength region is increased, the relative light emission intensity of the light emitting element in the long wavelength region is increased, the relative light emission intensity of the light emitting element in the intermediate wavelength region is decreased, etc. Is possible. At this time, in order to change D _uv without changing CCT, the light emitting position of the light emitting element in the short wavelength region is moved to the short wavelength side, and the light emitting position of the light emitting element in the long wavelength region is changed. What is necessary is just to perform moving to the long wavelength side simultaneously. Further, in order to change D _uv to the positive side, an operation reverse to the above description may be performed.

Further, for example, assuming a light emitting device having two light emitting elements in each of the three wavelength regions, and reducing D _uv , for example, on the relatively short wavelength side of two light emitting elements in the short wavelength region. It is also possible to increase the relative intensity of a certain light emitting element or increase the relative intensity of a light emitting element on the relatively long wavelength side of two light emitting elements in the long wavelength region. In order to reduce D _uv without changing the CCT at this time, the relative intensity of the light emitting element on the relatively short wavelength side of the two light emitting elements in the short wavelength region is increased, and The relative intensity of the light emitting elements on the relatively long wavelength side of the two light emitting elements in the wavelength region may be increased at the same time. Further, in order to change D _uv to the positive side, an operation reverse to the above description may be performed.

On the other hand, | Δh _n |, SAT _ave , regarding the difference between the color appearance of the 15 color chart when assuming illumination with the light emitting device and the color appearance when assuming illumination with reference light for calculation As means for changing ΔC _n , | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |, in particular, in _order to increase ΔC _n , the entire spectral distribution is adjusted so that D _uv becomes a desired value. Is possible. Replace the full width at half maximum of each light-emitting element with a narrow material, and separate each light-emitting element as a spectral shape appropriately. In order to form irregularities in the spectrum of each light-emitting element, a desired light source, lighting fixture, etc. A filter that absorbs the wavelength may be installed, or a light emitting element that emits light in a narrower band may be additionally mounted in the light emitting device.

  The control element of the present embodiment is a passive element that does not have an amplification function by itself, and is a light emitting element or a light emitted from a light emitting device having a relatively low processing degree in the main radiation direction. There is no particular limitation as long as it can provide intensity modulation for each wavelength in an appropriate range and can constitute a light-emitting device with a high degree of processing. In this embodiment, such a function may be expressed as a control element acting on a light emitting element. For example, as a control element of this embodiment, passive devices, such as a reflective mirror, an optical filter, and various optical lenses, can be mentioned. Further, the control element of this embodiment may be a light-absorbing material that is dispersed in the sealing material of the package LED and gives intensity modulation for each wavelength within an appropriate range. However, the control element does not include a light-emitting element, a reflection mirror, an optical filter, a light-absorbing material, or the like that gives only intensity modulation with a small wavelength dependency to light emitted from a light-emitting device having a relatively low processing degree.

The control element of the present embodiment is such that the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is a spectral distribution of light that satisfies all of the conditions 1 to 4 described above. Therefore, the characteristic that the control element of this embodiment should have depends on the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction.
However, in general, there are preferred light emitting element properties that should be present in order to be able to achieve a good color appearance of the light emitted from the light emitting device, and in some cases a better color appearance.

The control element of the present embodiment is configured such that D _uv derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is D _uv (Φ _elm ), and the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction. the _{D uv} derived from the spectral distribution when defined as _{D uv (φ SSL),} it is preferable to satisfy the _{D uv (φ SSL) <D} uv (Φ elm).
The condition 2 specifies that −0.0220 ≦ D _uvSSL ≦ −0.0070. D _{uv in} this range is a very small value as compared with general LED lighting that is already distributed in the market. Therefore, it is preferable that the control element of the present embodiment has a property of reducing the spectral distribution D _uv . However, it goes without saying that the control element of this embodiment may be one that increases D _uv as long as the light emitting device satisfies the condition 2. For example, in the case of a light emitting element that is too strong in color appearance, there may be a case where a good color appearance is realized by arranging a control element that increases D _uv .

Various means for reducing D _uv from 0 to an appropriate negative value have already been described, but the above means can also be used when appropriately selecting the control element of the present invention. For example, a control element that increases the relative emission intensity of a light emitting element in a short wavelength region, increases the relative emission intensity of a light emitting element in a long wavelength region, and decreases the relative emission intensity of a light emitting element in an intermediate wavelength region Specifically, it is possible to select a control element that has a high light transmittance in the short wavelength region and a long wavelength region and a low light transmittance in the medium wavelength region. In addition, there is a control element that gives unevenness to the spectral distribution of light emitted in the main direction from the light emitting element. On the other hand, in order to change D _uv to the positive side, an operation reverse to the above may be performed.

Further, the control element of the present invention uses A _cg derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction as A _cg (Φ _elm ), and the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction. the _{a cg} derived from the spectral distribution of when defined as _{a cg (φ SSL),} it is preferable to satisfy the _{a cg (φ SSL) <a} cg (Φ elm).
The condition 1 specifies that -10.0 <A _cg ≦ 120.0 is satisfied. The A _{cg in} this range is a very small value compared with general LED lighting that is already distributed in the market. Therefore, it is preferable that the control element of the present invention has a property of reducing the spectral distribution A _cg . However, it is needless to say that the control element of the present invention may increase the A _cg as long as the light emitting device satisfies the condition 2. For example, in the case of a light emitting element that is too strong in color appearance, there may be a case where a good color appearance is realized by arranging a control element that increases A _cg .

In addition, the control element of the present embodiment uses SAT _ave (Φ _elm ) as an average of the saturation difference derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction, and the main radiation direction from the light emitting device. the average of the saturation difference derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted when defined as _{SAT ave (φ SSL), SAT} ave (Φ elm) < it is this better meet the _{SAT ave (φ SSL)} to Yes.
Since the color appearance becomes better when the average SAT _ave of the saturation difference is increased within an appropriate range, the control element of this embodiment has a property of increasing the SAT _ave when the illumination by the spectral distribution is mathematically assumed. It is preferable. However, even if the control element of the present embodiment reduces the SAT _ave , for example, in the case of a light emitting element whose color appearance is too strong (blurred), a control element that decreases the SAT _ave is arranged. By doing so, there may be a case where a good color appearance is realized.

The control element of this embodiment preferably absorbs or reflects light in the region of 380 nm ≦ λ (nm) ≦ 780 nm.
Further, the control element of this embodiment may have a function of condensing and / or diffusing light emitted from the light emitting element, for example, a function of a concave lens, a convex lens, a Fresnel lens, and the like.
Moreover, since the control element of this embodiment is often arranged close to the light emitting element, it is preferable to have heat resistance. Examples of the heat-resistant control element include a control element manufactured from a heat-resistant material such as glass. In addition, the control element of this embodiment may be doped with a desired element or the like, for example, in order to realize desired reflection characteristics and transmission characteristics, and may be colored as a result.

The control element of this embodiment described above may be appropriately selected from, for example, commercially available filters that satisfy the requirements of this embodiment. Further, the filter may be designed and created so that the light emitted from the light emitting device has a desired spectral distribution.
For example, when producing a filter having a plurality of absorption peaks, prepare a plurality of types of films having a property of absorbing light in one wavelength region and films having a property of absorbing light in another wavelength region. May be laminated to form a multilayer filter. Alternatively, the dielectric film may be stacked in multiple layers to achieve desired characteristics.

As described above, the present embodiment is natural in a variety of illumination objects having various hues in an illuminance range of 5 lx to about 10000 lx, as viewed in a high illumination environment exceeding 10000 lx such as outdoors. A light-emitting device that suppresses such secondary effects even on lighting objects that are vivid, highly visible, comfortable, and have a color appearance, but are also concerned about secondary effects of light irradiation The method of realizing is clarified. In particular, each hue can be naturally vivid, and at the same time, a white object can be perceived as whiter than the experimental reference light.
In particular, the present embodiment is capable of producing a good color by an extremely simple method of arranging control elements such as a filter and a reflection mirror with respect to a lighting device that has not been realized in the market. This is an extremely practical technology that can provide a lighting device that can realize the appearance.

Also, in the light emitting device of this embodiment, a natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable and comfortable color appearance as seen in a high illumination environment is emitted in the main radiation direction. The light _- emitting device has an index A _cg , D _uvSSL , φ _SSL-BG-min / φ _SSL-BM-max , and λ _SSL-RM-max determined from the spectral distribution of the _measured light. .

  In other words, the present embodiment is a light-emitting device that gives intensity modulation with respect to an appropriate wavelength to the light emitted from the light-emitting element, and that the light emitted from the light-emitting device satisfies all of the conditions 1 to 4, As long as such a light emitting device is used, the device may have any configuration. For example, the device may be a single illumination light source or an illumination module in which at least one of the light sources is mounted on a heat sink or the like. The lighting fixture which provided the circuit etc. may be sufficient. Furthermore, it may be an illumination system having a mechanism that collects at least a light source, a module, a fixture, and the like and supports them at least.

In the lighting method according to the present embodiment, the means for making a natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, and colored appearance as seen in a high illumination environment is light at the position of the lighting object. the method comprising the the D _uv within an appropriate range, and the color appearance of the 15 color patches assuming illumination in the light of the 15 color chart assuming a lighting calculation reference light color An index such as | Δh _n |, SAT _ave, ΔC _n , | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |

In other words, the illumination method of this embodiment includes light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element as a component in the spectral distribution, and | Δh _n |, SAT _ave , ΔC _n , | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |, D _uv is an illumination method for irradiating an object to be illuminated with light in an appropriate range. As a light emitting device used in the illumination method of this embodiment, any device capable of such illumination can be used. An apparatus having such a configuration may be used. For example, the device may be a single illumination light source or an illumination module in which at least one of the light sources is mounted on a heat sink or the like. The lighting fixture which provided the circuit etc. may be sufficient. Furthermore, it may be an illumination system having a mechanism that collects at least a light source, a module, a fixture, and the like and supports them at least.

The radiometric, photometric, and colorimetric characteristics of the light emitting device of this example are summarized in Table 16, Table 17, and Table 18, and the color appearance of the illumination object is comprehensive. It was very good.
Therefore, the light-emitting device of this embodiment realizes good color appearance by an extremely simple method of arranging control elements such as filters and reflection mirrors for illumination devices that have not realized good color appearance. Even for lighting devices that can achieve a good color appearance, the user's preference is met by an extremely simple method of arranging control elements such as filters and reflecting mirrors. It is a lighting device that can realize a good color appearance.

  The second embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a light emitting device, and the third embodiment of the present invention is a method for designing a light emitting device. According to the manufacturing method and the designing method according to these embodiments, the manufacturing method and the design guideline of “a light emitting device capable of realizing a natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, and object appearance”. Can be provided. The fourth embodiment of the present invention is an illumination method. According to the lighting method according to the present embodiment, “natural, lively, highly visible, comfortable, color appearance, object appearance” can be realized. Regarding the second to fourth embodiments of the present invention, the description of the first embodiment can be incorporated in full.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Case 2 Blue LED chip 2d Thermal radiation filament 3 Package 41 Green fluorescent substance 42 Red fluorescent substance 5 Cut filter (control element)
6 Encapsulant 10 Package LED (Low-light-emitting device)
11 Incandescent light bulb (light emitting device of medium processing level)
20 LED light bulb with filter (light emitting device with high degree of processing)
30 Lighting system (light emitting device with higher processing degree)

  The light-emitting device or the lighting method of the illumination light source, the lighting fixture, and the lighting system of the present invention has a very wide application field, and can be used without being limited to a specific application. However, in view of the features of the illumination method or the light-emitting device of the present invention, application to the following fields is preferable.

For example, when illuminated by the light emitting device or the illumination method of the present invention, white is whiter and naturally even with substantially the same CCT and substantially the same illuminance as compared with the conventional illumination method or light emitting device. Looks comfortable. Furthermore, it becomes easy to visually recognize the brightness difference between achromatic colors such as white, gray, and black.
For this reason, for example, black characters on general white paper are easy to read. Taking advantage of such features, it is preferable to apply it to work lights such as reading lights, learning desk lights, and office lights. In addition, depending on the work content, inspect the appearance of fine parts in factories, etc., identify colors close to fabrics, etc., check colors for fresh meat freshness check, product inspection against limit samples However, when illuminated by the illumination method of the present invention, it is easy to identify colors in adjacent hues, and a comfortable working environment as if in a high illumination environment can be realized. Therefore, it is preferable to adapt to work illumination from such a viewpoint.

Furthermore, it is also preferable to apply to medical illumination such as a light source for use in a surgical operation, a gastric camera, etc., because the color discrimination ability is improved. This is because arterial blood is bright red because it contains a lot of oxygen, whereas venous blood is dark red because it contains a lot of carbon dioxide. Although both are the same red color, but their saturations are different, it is expected that arterial blood and venous blood will be readily discriminated by the device or illumination method of the present invention that realizes good color appearance (saturation). . In addition, it is obvious that good color display has a great influence on diagnosis in color image information like an endoscope,
It is expected to easily distinguish between a normal site and a lesion site. For the same reason, it can be suitably used as an illumination method in industrial equipment such as an image discriminator for products.

When illuminated by the light emitting device or illumination method of the present invention, even if the illuminance is about several thousand Lx to several hundred Lx, purple, blue purple, blue, blue green, green, yellow green, yellow, yellow red Realize the natural appearance of most colors, such as red, purple, and sometimes all colors, as seen under tens of thousands of lx, such as under sunny day outdoors Is done. In addition, the skin color of subjects (Japanese people), various foods, clothing, wood colors, and the like, which have intermediate saturation, have natural colors that many subjects feel more preferable.
Therefore, if the light-emitting device or lighting method of the present invention is applied to general lighting for home use, the food looks fresh and appetizing, it is easy to read newspapers and magazines, etc., and the visibility of steps, etc. It is thought that it will also increase safety in the home. Therefore, it is preferable to apply the present invention to household lighting. Moreover, it is also preferable as illumination for exhibits such as clothing, food, cars, bags, shoes, decorations, furniture, etc., and illumination that can be visually recognized from the periphery is possible.
It is also preferable for illumination of articles such as cosmetics whose subtle color differences are decisive for purchase. When used as lighting for exhibits such as white dresses, it is easy to see subtle color differences, such as bluish white and cream-like white, even with the same white, so select the color you want It becomes possible. Furthermore, it is also suitable as lighting for directing in a wedding hall, a theater, etc., a pure white dress or the like looks pure white, and a kimono such as a kabuki or a dress is clearly visible. Furthermore, the skin color is also particularly preferable. Further, when used as lighting for a beauty salon, when hair is color-treated, it becomes possible to have a color that does not wrinkle when viewed outdoors, and it is possible to prevent excessive dyeing or insufficient dyeing.

  Further, the control element in the present invention has a function of improving the color appearance and adjusting the color appearance according to the user's preference. It is also possible to have a function of reducing the relative spectral intensity of light having a relatively high energy such as ultraviolet, purple, blue-violet, or part of blue light. In such a case, for example, it is possible to reduce discoloration, alteration, corrosion, deterioration, and the like of an illumination object such as clothing or food. In addition, the control element in the present invention can reduce the relative spectral intensity of light having a wavelength that can be thermal radiation from the light emitting element such as near infrared, mid infrared, far infrared, etc. Deterioration, corrosion, deterioration, etc. of the object can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to have an effect of reducing alteration, corrosion, deterioration, etc. of an object to be illuminated such as food.

  In addition, since white appears whiter, achromatic colors can be easily identified, and chromatic colors also become natural vivid, so in a limited space where many types of activities are performed. It is also suitable as a light source. For example, in a passenger seat on an aircraft, reading is done, work is done, and food is also served. The situation is similar for trains, long-distance buses, and the like. The present invention can be suitably used as such interior lighting for transportation.

  In addition, white looks more white, making it easy to identify achromatic colors, and chromatic colors are also naturally vivid, so lighting in natural colors as if viewing paintings at museums etc. outdoors Therefore, the present invention can be suitably used as an illumination for art works.

  On the other hand, this invention can be utilized suitably also as illumination for elderly people. That is, even when fine characters are difficult to see under normal illuminance, steps, etc. are difficult to see, by applying the illumination method or the light emitting device of the present invention, between achromatic colors or between chromatic colors. Since identification becomes easy, these problems can be solved. Therefore, it can be suitably used for lighting in public facilities used by an unspecified number of people such as nursing homes, hospital waiting rooms, bookstores, and libraries.

Furthermore, the light-emitting device or illumination method of the present invention can be suitably used in applications that ensure visibility by adapting to an illumination environment that tends to have relatively low illuminance due to various circumstances.

  For example, it is also preferable to apply to street lights, car headlights, and foot lamps to improve various visibility compared to the case of using a conventional light source.

Claims (37)

A light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
At least as a light emitting element
Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
Green phosphor, and
Having a red phosphor,
Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (λ), the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (λ),
The light having Φ _elm (λ) does not satisfy at least one of the following conditions I to IV , and the light having φ _SSL (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions I to IV .
Condition I:
The CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space a ^* value and b ^* value of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed are a ^* _N , b ^* _n (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination with the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is mathematically assumed When the a ^* value and b ^* value in space are a ^* _nref and b ^* _nref (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the saturation difference ΔC _n is
−4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
Condition II:
The average saturation difference in the target light represented by the following formula (3) is
It is.
Condition III:
When the maximum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _max and the minimum value of saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _min , the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference The difference | ΔC _max −ΔC _min |
2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max −ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
Note that ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _n ) ² + (b ^* _n ) ² } −√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (b ^* _nref ) ² }.
15 kinds of modified Munsell color chart
# 01 7.5 P 4/10
# 02 10 PB 4/10
# 03 5 PB 4/12
# 04 7.5 B 5/10
# 05 10 BG 6/8
# 06 2.5 BG 6/10
# 07 2.5 G 6/12
# 08 7.5 GY 7/10
# 09 2.5 GY 8/10
# 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
# 11 10 YR 7/12
# 12 5 YR 7/12
# 13 10 R 6/12
# 14 5 R 4/14
# 15 7.5 RP 4/12
Condition IV:
The hue angle in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the fifteen kinds of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed is θ _n (degree) (where n is 1 to 15) Natural number)
Hue in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space of the 15 types of modified Munsell color chart when mathematically assuming illumination with a reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light When the angle is θ _nref (degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
However, the Δh _n = θ _n -θ _nref.   A light emitting device having a light emitting element and a control element,
  At least as a light emitting element
  Blue semiconductor light emitting device,
  Green phosphor, and
  Having a red phosphor,
  Let the wavelength be λ (nm),
  The spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is Φ _elm (Λ), the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is φ _SSL (Λ)
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions I to IV, φ _SSL A light emitting device characterized in that light having (λ) also satisfies all of the following conditions I to IV.
Condition I:
  CIE 1976 L of the following 15 types of modified Munsell color charts from # 01 to # 15 when the illumination by the target light is mathematically assumed ^* a ^* b ^* A in color space ^* Value, b ^* Each value is a ^* _n , B ^* _n (Where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
  CIE 1976 L of the 15 types of modified Munsell color charts when the illumination with the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is mathematically assumed. ^* a ^* b ^* A in color space ^* Value, b ^* Each value is a ^* _nref , B ^* _nref (Where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the saturation difference ΔC _n But,
  -4.00 ≦ ΔC _n ≦ 8.00 (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
Condition II:
  The average saturation difference in the target light represented by the following formula (3) is
It is.
Condition III:
  ΔC is the maximum value of the saturation difference in the target light. _max , The minimum value of the saturation difference in the target light is ΔC _min The difference between the maximum value of the saturation difference and the minimum value of the saturation difference | ΔC _max -ΔC _min |
  2.00 ≦ | ΔC _max -ΔC _min | ≦ 10.00
It is.
  However, ΔC _n = √ {(a ^* _n ) ² + (B ^* _n ) ² } -√ {(a ^* _nref ) ² + (B ^* _nref ) ² }.
  15 kinds of modified Munsell color chart
  # 01 7.5 P 4/10
  # 02 10 PB 4/10
  # 03 5 PB 4/12
  # 04 7.5 B 5/10
  # 05 10 BG 6/8
  # 06 2.5 BG 6/10
  # 07 2.5 G 6/12
  # 08 7.5 GY 7/10
  # 09 2.5 GY 8/10
  # 10 5 Y 8.5 / 12
  # 11 10 YR 7/12
  # 12 5 YR 7/12
  # 13 10 R 6/12
  # 14 5 R 4/14
  # 15 7.5 RP 4/12
Condition IV:
  CIE 1976 L of the 15 kinds of modified Munsell color charts when mathematically assuming illumination by the target light ^* a ^* b ^* The hue angle in the color space is θ _n (Degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
  CIE 1976 L of the 15 types of modified Munsell color charts when mathematically assuming illumination with reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light ^* a ^* b ^* The hue angle in the color space is θ _nref (Degree) (where n is a natural number from 1 to 15), the absolute value of the hue angle difference | Δh _n |
  0.00 degrees ≦ | Δh _n | ≦ 12.50 degrees (n is a natural number from 1 to 15)
It is.
  However, Δh _n = Θ _n −θ _nref And   The light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 1, and the φ _SSL The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 1.
Condition 1:
  The spectral distribution of the target light is φ (λ), the spectral distribution of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light is φ _ref (Λ),
  The tristimulus values of the target light are (X, Y, Z),
  A reference light tristimulus value selected according to the correlated color temperature T is expressed as (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref )age,
  The normalized spectral distribution S (λ) of the target light and the standardized spectral distribution S of the reference light of the target light _ref (Λ) and the difference ΔS (λ) between these normalized spectral distributions,
  S (λ) = φ (λ) / Y
  S _ref (Λ) = φ _ref (Λ) / Y _ref
  ΔS (λ) = S _ref (Λ) −S (λ)
And define
  The wavelength that gives the longest wavelength maximum value of S (λ) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm is λ. _RL-max (Nm), the λ _RL-max Longer than S (λ _RL-max ) / 2, where there is a wavelength Λ4,
  Index A represented by the following formula (1) _cg But,
  -10.0 <A _cg   ≦ 120.0
And
  On the other hand, the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of S (λ) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm is λ. _RL-max (Nm), the λ _RL-max Longer than S (λ _RL-max ) / 2, where there is no wavelength Λ4,
  Index A represented by the following formula (2) _cg But,
  -10.0 <A _cg   ≦ 120.0
It is.
  The light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 1 and the φ _SSL A light-emitting device in which light having (λ) also satisfies the following condition 1.
Condition 1:
  The spectral distribution of the target light is φ (λ), the spectral distribution of the reference light selected according to the correlated color temperature T of the target light is φ _ref (Λ),
  The tristimulus values of the target light are (X, Y, Z),
  A reference light tristimulus value selected according to the correlated color temperature T is expressed as (X _ref , Y _ref , Z _ref )age,
  The normalized spectral distribution S (λ) of the target light and the standardized spectral distribution S of the reference light of the target light _ref (Λ) and the difference ΔS (λ) between these normalized spectral distributions,
  S (λ) = φ (λ) / Y
  S _ref (Λ) = φ _ref (Λ) / Y _ref
  ΔS (λ) = S _ref (Λ) −S (λ)
And define
  The wavelength that gives the longest wavelength maximum value of S (λ) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm is λ. _RL-max (Nm), the λ _RL-max Longer than S (λ _RL-max ) / 2, where there is a wavelength Λ4,
  Index A represented by the following formula (1) _cg But,
  -10.0 <A _cg   ≦ 120.0
And
  On the other hand, the wavelength giving the longest wavelength maximum value of S (λ) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm is λ. _RL-max (Nm), the λ _RL-max Longer than S (λ _RL-max ) / 2, where there is no wavelength Λ4,
  Index A represented by the following formula (2) _cg But,
  -10.0 <A _cg   ≦ 120.0
It is.
  The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 2; _SSL A light emitting device characterized in that light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 2.
Condition 2:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is the distance D from the black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377. _uv But,
  −0.0220 ≦ D _uv   <0
It is.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 2 and the φ _SSL A light-emitting device in which light having (λ) also satisfies the following condition 2.
Condition 2:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is the distance D from the black body radiation locus defined by ANSI C78.377. _uv But,
  −0.0220 ≦ D _uv   <0
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 3; _SSL The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 3.
Condition 3:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range from 430 nm to 495 nm. _BM-max The minimum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm to 525 nm is φ _BG-min When defined as
  0.2250 ≦ φ _BG-min / Φ _BM-max   ≦ 0.7000
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 3 and the φ _SSL A light-emitting device in which light having (λ) also satisfies the following condition 3.
Condition 3:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range from 430 nm to 495 nm. _BM-max The minimum value of the spectral intensity in the range of 465 nm to 525 nm is φ _BG-min When defined as
  0.2250 ≦ φ _BG-min / Φ _BM-max   ≦ 0.7000
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 4; _SSL The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 4.
Condition 4:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range from 590 nm to 780 nm. _RM-max When defined as _RM-max Gives wavelength λ _RM-max But,
  605 (nm) ≦ λ _RM-max   ≦ 653 (nm)
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 4 and the φ _SSL Light with (λ)
Also satisfies the following condition 4.
Condition 4:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is the maximum value of the spectral intensity in the range from 590 nm to 780 nm. _RM-max When defined as _RM-max Gives wavelength λ _RM-max But,
  605 (nm) ≦ λ _RM-max   ≦ 653 (nm)
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  The average of the saturation differences derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction is represented by SAT. _ave (Φ _elm ),
  The average of the saturation differences derived from the spectral distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction is represented by SAT. _ave (Φ _SSL )
  SAT _ave (Φ _elm ) <SAT _ave (Φ _SSL )
A light emitting device characterized by satisfying the above.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 3 to 11,
  A derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction _cg A _cg (Φ _elm ),
  A derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction _cg A _cg (Φ _SSL )
  A _cg (Φ _SSL ) <A _cg (Φ _elm )
A light emitting device characterized by satisfying the above.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 5 to 12,
  D derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting element in the main radiation direction _uv D _uv (Φ _elm ),
  D derived from the spectral distribution of light emitted from the light emitting device in the main radiation direction _uv D _uv (Φ _SSL )
  D _uv (Φ _SSL ) <D _uv (Φ _elm )
A light emitting device characterized by satisfying the above.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  The light-emitting device is characterized in that the control element is an optical filter that absorbs or reflects light of 380 nm ≦ λ (nm) ≦ 780 nm.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  A light emitting device characterized in that the control element has a function of condensing and / or diffusing light emitted from the light emitting element.   The light emitting device according to claim 15,
  A light-emitting device characterized in that the condensing and / or diffusing function of the control element is realized by at least one function of a concave lens, a convex lens, and a Fresnel lens.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  An illuminance for illuminating an object with light emitted in the radiation direction from the light emitting device is 5 lx or more and 10,000 lx or less.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 5; _SSL Light with (λ) is
A light emitting device satisfying condition 5.
Condition 5:
  In the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the φ _BM-max Gives wavelength λ _BM-max But,
  430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max   ≤ 480 (nm)
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 6; _SSL A light emitting device characterized in that light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 6.
Condition 6:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is
  0.1800 ≤ φ _BG-min / Φ _RM-max   ≦ 0.8500
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 7, and φ _SSL The light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 7.
Condition 7:
  The radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light.
  210.0 lm / W ≤ K ≤ 290.0 lm / W
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) does not satisfy the following condition 8; _SSL A light emitting device characterized in that light having (λ) satisfies the following condition 8.
Condition 8:
  The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is
  2600 K ≤ T ≤ 7700 K
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 18,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 6 to 8, and φ _SSL The light having (λ) is Φ among the following conditions 6 to 8 _elm If there is a condition that light having (λ) does not satisfy, at least one of them is satisfied.
Condition 6:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is
  0.1800 ≤ φ _BG-min / Φ _RM-max   ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
  The radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light.
  210.0 lm / W ≤ K ≤ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
  The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is
  2600 K ≤ T ≤ 7700 K
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 19,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies at least one of the following condition 5, condition 7, and condition 8, and φ _SSL The light having (λ) is the Φ among the following conditions 5, 7 and 8 _elm If there is a condition that light having (λ) does not satisfy, at least one of them is satisfied.
Condition 5:
  In the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the φ _BM-max Gives wavelength λ _BM-max But,
  430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max   ≤ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 7:
  The radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light.
  210.0 lm / W ≤ K ≤ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
  The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is
  2600 K ≤ T ≤ 7700 K
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 20,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies at least one of the following condition 5, condition 6, and condition 8, and φ _SSL The light having (λ) is the Φ among the following conditions 5, 6 and 8 _elm If there is a condition that light having (λ) does not satisfy, at least one of them is satisfied.
Condition 5:
  In the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the φ _BM-max Gives wavelength λ _BM-max But,
  430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max   ≤ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is
  0.1800 ≤ φ _BG-min / Φ _RM-max   ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 8:
  The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is
  2600 K ≤ T ≤ 7700 K
It is.   The light-emitting device according to claim 21,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies at least one of the following conditions 5 to 7, and φ _SSL The light having (λ) is Φ among the following conditions 5 to 7 _elm If there is a condition that light having (λ) does not satisfy, at least one of them is satisfied.
Condition 5:
  In the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the φ _BM-max Gives wavelength λ _BM-max But,
  430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max   ≤ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is
  0.1800 ≤ φ _BG-min / Φ _RM-max   ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
  The radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light.
  210.0 lm / W ≤ K ≤ 290.0 lm / W
It is.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 25,
  Φ _elm The light having (λ) satisfies all of the following conditions 5 to 8, and φ _SSL A light-emitting device characterized in that light having (λ) also satisfies all of the following conditions 5 to 8.
Condition 5:
  In the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light, the φ _BM-max Gives wavelength λ _BM-max But,
  430 (nm) ≦ λ _BM-max   ≤ 480 (nm)
It is.
Condition 6:
  The spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light is
  0.1800 ≤ φ _BG-min / Φ _RM-max   ≦ 0.8500
It is.
Condition 7:
  The radiation efficiency K (lm / W) in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm derived from the spectral distribution φ (λ) of the target light.
  210.0 lm / W ≤ K ≤ 290.0 lm / W
It is.
Condition 8:
  The correlated color temperature T (K) of the target light is
  2600 K ≤ T ≤ 7700 K
It is.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein:
  Φ _SSL The light having (λ) does not have an effective intensity derived from the light emitting element in a range of 380 nm to 405 nm.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 27,
  The blue semiconductor light emitting device has a dominant wavelength λ during pulse driving of the blue semiconductor light emitting device alone. _CHIP-BM-dom Is a light-emitting device having a wavelength of 445 nm to 475 nm.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 28,
  The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the green phosphor is a broadband green phosphor.   A light emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 29,
  The green phosphor has a wavelength λ that gives a maximum value of emission intensity at the time of light excitation of the green phosphor alone. _PHOS-GM-max Is 511 nm or more and 543 nm or less,
  Its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm Is a light emitting device characterized by having a thickness of 90 nm to 110 nm.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 30,
  The light emitting device substantially does not contain a yellow phosphor.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 31,
  The red phosphor has a wavelength λ that gives a maximum value of emission intensity at the time of photoexcitation of the single red phosphor. _PHOS-RM-max Is 622 nm or more and 663 nm or less,
  Its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm Is a light emitting device characterized by having a thickness of 80 nm to 105 nm.   The light-emitting device according to claim 1,
  The blue semiconductor light-emitting element is an AlInGaN-based light-emitting element.   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 33,
  The green phosphor is Ca ₃ (Sc, Mg) ₂ Si ₃ O ₁₂ : Ce (CSMS phosphor), CaSc ₂ O ₄ : Ce (CSO phosphor), Lu ₃ Al ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce (LuAG phosphor) or Y ₃ (Al, Ga) ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce (G-YAG phosphor).   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 34,
  The red phosphor is (Sr, Ca) AlSiN ₃ : Eu (SCASN phosphor), CaAlSi (ON) ₃ : Eu (CaSON phosphor) or CaAlSiN ₃ : A light-emitting device containing Eu (CASN phosphor).   The light-emitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 35,
  The blue semiconductor light emitting device has a dominant wavelength λ during pulse driving of the blue semiconductor light emitting device alone. _CHIP-BM-dom Is an AlInGaN-based light emitting device having a wavelength of 452.5 nm or more and 470 nm or less,
  The green phosphor has a wavelength λ that gives a maximum value of emission intensity at the time of light excitation of the green phosphor alone. _PHOS-GM-max Is 515 nm or more and 535 nm or less, and its full width at half maximum W _PHOS-GM-fwhm CaSc characterized in that is 90 nm or more and 110 nm or less ₂ O ₄ : Ce (CSO phosphor) or Lu ₃ Al ₅ O ₁₂ : Ce (LuAG phosphor),
  The red phosphor has a maximum emission intensity λ at the time of photoexcitation of the single red phosphor. _PHOS-RM-max Is 640 nm to 663 nm, and the full width at half maximum W _PHOS-RM-fwhm CaAlSi (ON) characterized by having a thickness of 80 nm to 105 nm ₃ : Eu (CASON phosphor) or CaAlSiN ₃ : Eu (CASN phosphor)
A light emitting device characterized by that.   37. The light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting device is a packaged LED, a chip-on-board LED, an LED module, an LED bulb, an LED lighting device, or an LED lighting system. .