JP6343447B2 - Electrical contact material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Electrical contact material and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、電気接点材料およびその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an electrical contact material and a manufacturing method thereof.
従来、電気接点材料は、マグネットスイッチ、ブレ−カ、リレ−等の回路遮断器や電磁開閉器に使用されており、重負荷領域の電気接点材料には、Ａｇ−ＷもしくはＡｇ−ＷＣ等があり、さらにＧｒを添加したＡｇ−ＷＣ−Ｇｒなどが適用されている。これらの電気接点材料は焼結法で製造し、その後、台材に電気接点材料をろう付けまたは溶接することにより、接触子（組立部品）として回路遮断器や電磁開閉器に使用されてきた（例えば、特許文献１、特許文献２）。 Conventionally, electrical contact materials have been used in circuit breakers and electromagnetic switches such as magnet switches, breakers, relays, etc., and the electrical contact materials in heavy load areas include Ag-W or Ag-WC. In addition, Ag-WC-Gr to which Gr is further added is applied. These electrical contact materials are manufactured by a sintering method, and then used for circuit breakers and electromagnetic switches as contacts (assembly parts) by brazing or welding the electrical contact material to a base material ( For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
しかしながら、上記の従来技術によると、Ａｇ−Ｗ−ＧｒもしくはＡｇ−ＷＣ−Ｇｒ等の電気接点材料は難加工材である為に塑性加工ができず、所望寸法の電気接点材料を１個ずつ焼結法により作製しなければならなかった。
このため、従来技術では電気接点材料の精密加工や大量生産には不向きであり、多様な形状の電気接点材料を容易に製造しにくいという問題があった。
さらに、Ｗ、ＷＣ、Ｇｒもしくは各種酸化物等の添加量が増えると、焼結性が低下して脆化するため、これ以上の電気接点材料の各種特性向上が困難であった。
However, according to the above prior art, the electrical contact material such as Ag-W-Gr or Ag-WC-Gr is difficult to process and cannot be plastically processed. It had to be made by a kneading method.
For this reason, the conventional technology is not suitable for precision processing and mass production of electrical contact materials, and there is a problem that it is difficult to easily manufacture various shapes of electrical contact materials.
Furthermore, if the amount of addition of W, WC, Gr, or various oxides increases, the sinterability deteriorates and embrittles, so that it is difficult to further improve various characteristics of the electrical contact material.
そこで本発明は、Ａｇ−Ｗ−Ｇｒ系もしくはＡｇ−ＷＣ−Ｇｒ系等の電気接点材料の塑性加工性を向上させ、低コストかつ大量生産に適した製造方法を開発した。
具体的な製造方法としては、Ａｇ紛、Ｎｉ紛、Ｗ紛、Ｇｒ粉、ＷＣ紛または各種酸化物粉等を所望組成に秤量・混合し、これら混合紛を加圧成形および焼結する。
つぎに、この焼結材に熱間押出し加工を施す。
Therefore, the present invention has developed a manufacturing method suitable for mass production at low cost by improving the plastic workability of an electrical contact material such as an Ag-W-Gr system or an Ag-WC-Gr system.
As a specific manufacturing method, Ag powder, Ni powder, W powder, Gr powder, WC powder or various oxide powders are weighed and mixed to a desired composition, and these mixed powders are pressure-molded and sintered.
Next, the sintered material is subjected to hot extrusion.
ここで、混合粉にＮｉを添加する目的は、Ａｇ−ＷＣ−Ｇｒ系焼結材もしくはＡｇ−Ｗ−Ｇｒ系焼結材では塑性加工性に劣り、熱間押出し加工を行うことが困難であるからである。 Here, the purpose of adding Ni to the mixed powder is that the Ag-WC-Gr-based sintered material or the Ag-W-Gr-based sintered material is inferior in plastic workability and is difficult to perform hot extrusion. Because.
Ｎｉを添加し、Ａｇ−Ｎｉ−Ｗ−Ｇｒ系焼結材、Ａｇ−Ｎｉ−ＷＣ−Ｇｒ系焼結材もしくはＡｇ−Ｎｉ−Ｗ−ＷＣ−Ｇｒ系焼結材とすることにより材料の流動性が著しく向上し、熱間押出し加工が可能となる。 Fluidity of the material by adding Ni to Ag-Ni-W-Gr-based sintered material, Ag-Ni-WC-Gr-based sintered material, or Ag-Ni-W-WC-Gr-based sintered material Is significantly improved, and hot extrusion can be performed.
Ｎｉの添加量は、０．１〜２０質量％が好ましい。Ｎｉの添加量が０．１質量％より少ないと各種添加物が微細に分散せずに凝集しやすく、十分な焼結性が得られずに押出し加工性が低下し、添加量が２０質量％より多いと耐溶着性や耐消耗性が低下し、接触抵抗が増加する。 The addition amount of Ni is preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass. When the addition amount of Ni is less than 0.1% by mass, various additives are not finely dispersed and are easily aggregated, and sufficient sinterability is not obtained and the extrusion processability is reduced. The addition amount is 20% by mass. If it is more, the welding resistance and wear resistance are lowered, and the contact resistance is increased.
混合粉にＧｒ（Ｇｒａｐｈｉｔｅ）を添加する目的は、接触抵抗を低減させ、耐消耗性を向上させるためである。回路遮断器や電磁開閉器の開閉時のアークにより、電気接点材料表面が溶かされると、電気接点材料中に含まれる各種酸化物が電気接点材料表面に凝集する。 The purpose of adding Gr (Graphite) to the mixed powder is to reduce contact resistance and improve wear resistance. When the surface of the electrical contact material is melted by an arc at the time of opening and closing the circuit breaker or the electromagnetic switch, various oxides contained in the electrical contact material aggregate on the surface of the electrical contact material.
そこで、電気接点材料中にＧｒが含まれると、回路遮断器や電磁開閉機の開閉時に大気中の酸素とＧｒが反応してＣＯガスが発生し、電気接点材料表面の各種酸化物をＣＯガスにより還元して分解することで、電気接点材料表面の清浄化作用を有する。これにより接触抵抗を低下させる効果が得られる。 Therefore, if Gr is contained in the electrical contact material, CO gas is generated by the reaction of oxygen and Gr in the atmosphere when the circuit breaker or electromagnetic switch is opened and closed, and various oxides on the surface of the electrical contact material are converted into CO gas. By reducing and decomposing by the above, the surface of the electrical contact material is cleaned. Thereby, the effect of reducing the contact resistance is obtained.
また、この効果により電気接点材料が均一に消耗するために、耐消耗性も向上する。なお、ＤＬＣ（Ｄｉａｍｏｎｄ Ｌｉｋｅ Ｃａｒｂｏｎ）などの他の炭素形態でも代用可能である。 Moreover, since the electrical contact material is uniformly consumed by this effect, the wear resistance is also improved. Other carbon forms such as DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) can be substituted.
Ｇｒの添加量は、１〜３０質量％が好ましい。Ｇｒの添加量が１質量％より少ないと電気接点表面の清浄作用が得られず、添加量が３０質量％より多いと加工性が低下する。 As for the addition amount of Gr, 1-30 mass% is preferable. When the amount of Gr added is less than 1% by mass, a cleaning action on the surface of the electrical contact cannot be obtained, and when the amount added is more than 30% by mass, the workability deteriorates.
混合粉にＷやＷＣ（Ｔｕｎｇｓｔｅｎ Ｃａｒｂｉｄｅ）を添加する目的は、耐溶着性を向上させるためである。ＷやＷＣの添加量は、１〜３０質量％が好ましい。ＷやＷＣの添加量が１質量％より少ないと十分な耐溶着性が得られず、添加量が３０質量％より多いと接触抵抗が増加する。 The purpose of adding W or WC (Tungsten Carbide) to the mixed powder is to improve the welding resistance. As for the addition amount of W or WC, 1-30 mass% is preferable. When the addition amount of W or WC is less than 1% by mass, sufficient welding resistance cannot be obtained, and when the addition amount is more than 30% by mass, the contact resistance increases.
混合粉に添加酸化物としてＳｎ、Ｉｎ、Ｓｂ、Ｔｅ、Ｐ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｇ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｉ、Ｔｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｂｉの酸化物の群から選ばれた少なくとも１種を添加する目的は、耐溶着性を向上させるためである。
前記添加酸化物の添加物量の合計は、０．１〜３０質量％が好ましい。添加量が０．１質量％より少ないと耐溶着性向上の効果が十分に得られず、添加量が３０質量％より多いと塑性加工性が低下する。
At least one selected from the group of oxides of Sn, In, Sb, Te, P, Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg, Co, Mo, Si, Ti, Cu, Ni, Bi as additive oxides in the mixed powder The purpose of adding is to improve the welding resistance.
The total amount of the additive oxide is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass. When the addition amount is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of improving the welding resistance cannot be sufficiently obtained, and when the addition amount is more than 30% by mass, the plastic workability is lowered.
なお、Ｓｎ、Ｉｎ、Ｓｂ、Ｔｅ、Ｐ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｇ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｉ、Ｔｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｂｉの群から選ばれた少なくとも２種を含む複合酸化物、もしくは酸化数が異なる酸化物を添加してもよい。 Note that a composite oxide containing at least two selected from the group consisting of Sn, In, Sb, Te, P, Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg, Co, Mo, Si, Ti, Cu, Ni, and Bi, or oxidation Different numbers of oxides may be added.
混合粉にＡｇを添加する目的は、接触抵抗を低減させるためである。Ａｇの添加量が少ないと接触抵抗が増加し、添加量が多すぎると他の添加物量が少なくなり耐溶着性等が低下する。この為、他の添加物との釣り合いを考慮して４８〜９７．９質量％が好ましい。 The purpose of adding Ag to the mixed powder is to reduce contact resistance. If the addition amount of Ag is small, the contact resistance increases, and if the addition amount is too large, the amount of other additives decreases and the welding resistance and the like deteriorate. For this reason, 48-97.9 mass% is preferable in consideration of balance with other additives.
以上のように構成した焼結材を熱間押出し加工後、塑性加工、プレス加工もしくはせん断加工等の所定の加工を施すことにより、所望形状の電気接点材料を容易に製造することに成功した。 After the sintered material constituted as described above was subjected to a hot extrusion process and then subjected to a predetermined process such as a plastic process, a press process or a shear process, it succeeded in easily producing an electrical contact material having a desired shape.
また、本発明による熱間押出し加工後の材料は塑性加工を施すことが可能な為、ＣｕやＣｕ合金などの任意の材質からなる長尺材とクラッド加工することも可能となり、該クラッド材にプレス加工もしくはせん断加工等の所定の加工を施して所望形状の接触子を形成することにより、従来必要であった電気接点材料と各台材との接合工程を削減して接触子を容易に作製することができる。 In addition, since the material after hot extrusion processing according to the present invention can be plastically processed, it can be clad with a long material made of any material such as Cu or Cu alloy. By forming a contact with the desired shape by applying a predetermined process such as pressing or shearing, the contact process can be easily made by reducing the joining process between the electrical contact material and each base material, which was required in the past. can do.
以下に本発明の実施例を説明する。なお、本発明の実施形態は、下記の実施例に限定されるものではなく、目的とする電気接点材料の寸法や特性により適宜調整することができるものである。 Examples of the present invention will be described below. In addition, embodiment of this invention is not limited to the following Example, It can adjust suitably with the dimension and characteristic of the target electrical contact material.
本発明の実施例１および従来例を表１に示し、本発明の電気接点材料の加工工程を説明する。なお、実施例１および従来例は電気接点材料種類Ｎｏ．で区別し、各電気接点材料の耐溶着性、耐消耗性および接触抵抗の評価結果を表１に併記する。
Example 1 of the present invention and a conventional example are shown in Table 1, and the process of processing the electrical contact material of the present invention will be described. In Example 1 and the conventional example, the electrical contact material type No. Table 1 also shows the evaluation results of the welding resistance, wear resistance, and contact resistance of each electrical contact material.
電気接点材料種類Ｎｏ.１〜３４に当該する所望組成の原料粉末を各々配合および混練して均一な混合粉末とし、各混合紛末を６００ＭＰａ以上で外径５０ｍｍのビレットに加圧成形後、不活性雰囲気化にて融点以下で焼結および予備加熱を施した。
なお、本実施例では各電気接点材料を比較検討するために各原料粉末の粒度を３２５ｍｅｓｈに統一しているが、異種原料粉末間や同一原料粉末間で粒度を変更することにより焼結性向上や押出し加工性の向上の効果がある。また、原料粉末に微細粉を用いることにより、電気接点材料の各種特性を向上させる効果がある。
The raw material powder having the desired composition corresponding to the electrical contact material types No. 1 to 34 is mixed and kneaded to form a uniform mixed powder, and each mixed powder is pressed into a billet of 600 MPa or more and an outer diameter of 50 mm. Sintering and preheating were performed below the melting point in an active atmosphere.
In this example, the particle size of each raw material powder is standardized to 325 mesh for comparative examination of each electrical contact material, but the sinterability is improved by changing the particle size between different raw material powders or between the same raw material powders. And has the effect of improving extrudability. Moreover, there exists an effect which improves the various characteristics of electrical contact material by using a fine powder for raw material powder.
つぎに、予備加熱を施した前記焼結材に熱間押出し加工を施し、幅：３０ｍｍ、板厚：２ｍｍ、長さ５０ｍの寸法を有する条材形状の長尺材とした。本実施例では、いずれの焼結材も熱間押出し加工が可能であった。なお、熱間押出し加工時の形状は板形状や線形状など、目的とする電気接点材料の形状や寸法により調整可能である。 Next, the pre-heated sintered material was hot-extruded to obtain a strip-shaped long material having dimensions of width: 30 mm, plate thickness: 2 mm, and length of 50 m. In this example, any of the sintered materials could be hot extruded. In addition, the shape at the time of a hot extrusion process can be adjusted with the shape and dimension of the target electrical contact material, such as a plate shape and a line shape.
また、熱間押出し加工後の該材料については、Ｎｉ添加量や他の添加物量によるが、熱間押出し加工方向に伸びた繊維状組織となっているために、難加工組成からなる溶製材や焼結材では困難であったあらゆる塑性加工を熱間押出し方向へ施すことが可能である。 Further, for the material after hot extrusion processing, depending on the amount of Ni added and the amount of other additives, since it has a fibrous structure extending in the direction of hot extrusion processing, Any plastic working, which was difficult with sintered materials, can be performed in the hot extrusion direction.
つぎに、上記長尺材に表面研磨加工および脱脂洗浄処理を施し、該材料の長さ方向に対して図６に示すような１辺６.０ｍｍの四角形にプレス加工および切削加工を施して、電気接点材料種類Ｎｏ.１〜３４に当該する電気接点材料を作製した。本実施例で作製した電気接点材料の断面組織を金属顕微鏡にて観察した結果を図１〜４に示す。このように、本実施例で作製した電気接点材料は空孔が存在しておらず、各粒子が均一に分散していた。 Next, the long material is subjected to a surface polishing process and a degreasing cleaning process, and a press process and a cutting process are performed on a square with a side of 6.0 mm as shown in FIG. 6 with respect to the length direction of the material, Electrical contact materials corresponding to electrical contact material types No. 1 to 34 were prepared. The result of having observed the cross-sectional structure | tissue of the electrical contact material produced in the present Example with the metal microscope is shown in FIGS. Thus, the electrical contact material produced in this example had no pores, and each particle was uniformly dispersed.
なお、本実施例では電気接点材料の形状を四角形（図６）で示したが、本発明はこの形状に限定されるものではなく、丸形（図７）や多角形（図８）等の所望の形状や寸法で精密に加工することが可能である。 In this embodiment, the shape of the electrical contact material is shown as a quadrangle (FIG. 6). However, the present invention is not limited to this shape, and may be a round shape (FIG. 7) or a polygon shape (FIG. 8). It can be precisely processed with a desired shape and dimensions.
本発明は、さらに電気接点材料種類Ｎｏ.１〜３４に当該する電気接点材料が塑性加工可能になったため、実施例１の熱間押出し加工後の該材料を、台材の材質であるＣｕと熱間クラッド加工し、所望形状の接触子にプレス加工した。
これにより、台材とのろう付け工程が不要となり、固定接触子および可動接触子を容易に作製することができた。なお、台材の材質はＣｕ合金等の任意の材質に変更が可能である。
In the present invention, since the electrical contact material corresponding to the electrical contact material types Nos. 1 to 34 can be plastically processed, the material after the hot extrusion processing of Example 1 is referred to as Cu as the base material. Hot clad processing was performed, and pressing into a contact with a desired shape was performed.
Thereby, the brazing process with a base material became unnecessary and the fixed contact and the movable contact could be produced easily. The base material can be changed to any material such as a Cu alloy.
従来例
従来例として、電気接点材料種類Ｎｏ.３５〜４２に当該する所望組成の原料粉末（３２５ｍｅｓｈ）を各々配合および混練して均一な混合粉末とし、加圧成形後、還元雰囲気下で焼結させた。
つぎに、前記焼結材に表面研磨加工および脱脂洗浄処理を施し、図６に示すような１辺６.０ｍｍの四角形を有する電気接点材料種類Ｎｏ. ３５〜４２に当該する電気接点材料を作製した。
上記実施例および従来例にて作製した各電気接点材料を台材にろう付けし、接触子として回路遮断器に組み込み、実機試験を行った。実機試験の評価項目としては、耐溶着性、耐消耗性および接触抵抗について評価した。
As a conventional example prior art, the raw material powder of a desired composition such that the electrical contact material types No.35~42 the (325 meshes) was each blended and kneaded to a uniform powder mixture, after pressure molding, sintering in a reducing atmosphere I let you.
Next, the sintered material is subjected to a surface polishing process and a degreasing cleaning process to produce an electrical contact material corresponding to an electrical contact material type No. 35 to 42 having a square of 6.0 mm on one side as shown in FIG. did.
Each electrical contact material produced in the above-mentioned examples and conventional examples was brazed to a base material and incorporated into a circuit breaker as a contact, and an actual machine test was performed. As evaluation items of the actual machine test, the welding resistance, wear resistance, and contact resistance were evaluated.
耐溶着性の評価条件としては、遮断頻度４回／ｍｉｎとし、ＤＣ３５０Ｖ ３０００Ａにて遮断試験を行った。評価基準としては、溶着するまでの遮断可能回数が５０回以上のものをＡ、４０〜４９回のものをＢ、２０〜３９回のものをＣ、２０回未満のものをＤと評価した。
耐消耗性の評価条件としては、遮断回数１０回（遮断頻度４回／ｍｉｎ）とし、ＤＣ３５０Ｖ ３０００Ａにて遮断試験を行い、試験前後の各電気接点材料の質量変化を測定して評価した。評価基準としては、質量変化（消耗量）が０．１ｍｇ未満のものをＡ、０．１ｍｇ以上０．３ｍｇ未満のものをＢ、０．３ｍｇ以上０．５ｍｇ未満のものをＣ、０．５mg以上のものをＤと評価した。
接触抵抗の評価条件としては、遮断回数１０回（遮断頻度４回／ｍｉｎ）とし、ＤＣ３５０Ｖ ３０００Ａにて遮断試験を行い、上記遮断試験前後の温度上昇分を測定した。
評価基準としては、温度上昇が２０℃未満のものをＡ、２０℃以上４０℃未満のものをＢ、４０以上６０℃未満ものをＣ、６０℃以上のものをＤと評価した。
なお、上記評価項目で評価Ｄが含まれる電気接点材料は、目的とする回路遮断器や電磁開閉器の遮断特性にもよるが、電気接点材料としては好ましくない。
As an evaluation condition for the welding resistance, a blocking frequency was 4 times / min, and a blocking test was performed at DC 350V 3000A. As evaluation criteria, the number of times of possible blockage until welding was 50 or more, A was 40 to 49 times, B was 20 to 39 times, C was less than 20 times, and D was less than 20 times.
As evaluation conditions for wear resistance, the number of interruptions was 10 times (interruption frequency 4 times / min), the interruption test was performed at DC 350 V 3000 A, and the mass change of each electrical contact material before and after the test was measured and evaluated. Evaluation criteria are A for mass change (consumption) less than 0.1 mg, B for 0.1 mg to less than 0.3 mg, C for 0.3 mg to less than 0.5 mg, 0.5 mg The above was evaluated as D.
As evaluation conditions for contact resistance, the number of interruptions was 10 times (interruption frequency 4 times / min), an interruption test was performed at DC 350 V 3000 A, and the temperature increase before and after the interruption test was measured.
As evaluation criteria, a temperature increase of less than 20 ° C. was evaluated as A, 20 ° C. or more and less than 40 ° C. was evaluated as B, 40 to 60 ° C. was evaluated as C, and 60 ° C. or more was evaluated as D.
In addition, although the electrical contact material in which evaluation D is included in the above evaluation items depends on the interruption characteristics of the target circuit breaker or electromagnetic switch, it is not preferable as the electrical contact material.
上記の評価試験を行ったところ、本発明のいずれの電気接点材料においても、従来の電気接点材料と比べて良好な特性を示した。 When the above evaluation test was conducted, any of the electrical contact materials of the present invention showed better characteristics than the conventional electrical contact materials.
本発明の電気接点材料によると、従来の製造方法では塑性加工が困難あるいは焼結が困難であった難加工組成からなる電気接点材料に対し、Ｎｉを添加して押し出し加工を施すことにより、大量生産に適した塑性加工を施すことが可能になった。
さらに、電気接点材料の塑性加工性が向上したことにより、電気接点材料の各種特性を向上させる構成元素や各種酸化物を多く添加することが可能となり、貴金属であるＡｇの使用量を減らして材料価格低減を行うことが可能になった。また、各粒子が均一に分散して空孔が存在しておらず、所望の形状や寸法へ精密に加工された電気接点材料が得られた。
According to the electrical contact material of the present invention, a large amount of Ni is added to an electrical contact material having a difficult-to-process composition, which is difficult to be plastically processed or sintered by the conventional manufacturing method. It has become possible to perform plastic working suitable for production.
Furthermore, by improving the plastic workability of the electrical contact material, it becomes possible to add a large amount of constituent elements and various oxides that improve various characteristics of the electrical contact material, reducing the amount of Ag used as a precious metal, and the material. It became possible to reduce the price. In addition, an electrical contact material was obtained in which each particle was uniformly dispersed and pores were not present, and precisely processed into a desired shape and size.
Claims (4)
Including 0.1 to 20% by mass of Ni as an essential additive element, further including two or more selected from the group consisting of 1 to 30% by mass of W, 1 to 30% by mass of WC, and 1 to 30% by mass of Gr Furthermore, as an added oxide, an oxide comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of Sn, In, Sb, Te, P, Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg, Co, Mo, Si, Ti, Cu, Ni, and Bi Are added in a total amount of 0.1 to 30% by mass, and the remaining powder is made of Ag to sinter the mixed powder to form a powder sintered material, and the powder sintered material is extruded to process the length. The manufacturing method of the electrical contact material in Claim 2 containing these.
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| JP7327476B2 (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2023-08-16 | オムロン株式会社 | Contact material containing Ag alloy as main component, contact using said contact material, and electrical equipment |
| CN111218581B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-06-15 | 昆明贵金属研究所 | High-density high-strength silver-carbon composite electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113488354A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-10-08 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Silver tin oxide electric contact material and preparation method thereof |
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