JP6331168B2 - Antenna device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an antenna device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an antenna device is known that includes a transmission line having a triplate structure in which a central conductor is sandwiched between a pair of plate conductors and a plurality of antenna elements that can transmit a high-frequency signal distributed by the transmission line. (See Patent Document 1).

  The antenna device described in Patent Document 1 includes a plate-like first outer conductor, a plate-like second outer conductor arranged at a predetermined interval from the first outer conductor, and a first outer conductor and a second outer conductor. And a plurality of (eight) antenna elements. The central conductor branches sequentially from the input side and is divided into eight terminals on the output side, and an antenna element is connected to each terminal. When a high frequency signal is supplied to the input side, radio waves corresponding to the high frequency signal are radiated from the plurality of antenna elements.

  In this way, by configuring the high-frequency signal distribution line with a triplate line, for example, compared to the case where a coaxial cable is used, the dielectric loss can be reduced, and the line configuration and assembly work can be simplified. it can.

JP 2014-110557 A (FIG. 5)

  In recent years, for example, base station antennas for mobile phones are required to support a plurality of frequency bands. In addition, in order to adjust the directivity of radio waves, it may be required to provide a phase shifter that can change the phase of a signal.

  As described above, when the distribution line of the antenna device whose configuration is complicated is configured by the triplate line having the center conductor sandwiched between the pair of outer conductors as described above, the area of the outer conductor is increased, and thus the antenna This will increase the size of the device.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device that can suppress an increase in size while adopting a triplate structure for a transmission line for high-frequency signals.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention can transmit a transmission line having a triplate structure in which a central conductor is sandwiched between a plurality of pairs of plate conductors and a high-frequency signal distributed by the transmission line. A plurality of antenna elements, and the plurality of pairs of plate conductors are stacked in parallel to each other.

  According to the antenna device of the present invention, it is possible to suppress an increase in size while adopting a triplate structure for a transmission line for high-frequency signals.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structural example of the 1st transmission part which can transmit the horizontally polarized wave of a 1st frequency band. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structural example of the 2nd transmission part which can transmit the vertically polarized wave of a 1st frequency band. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structural example of the 3rd transmission part which can transmit the horizontally polarized wave of a 2nd frequency band. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structural example of the 4th transmission part which can transmit the vertically polarized wave of a 2nd frequency band. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the external appearance of a frequency sharing antenna apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows the inside of the radome of a frequency sharing antenna apparatus. It is a general view which shows the some antenna element arrange | positioned on the 3rd ground board. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the some antenna element arrange | positioned on the 3rd ground board. It is a perspective view which shows a part of 1st center conductor. It is a perspective view which shows a part of 2nd center conductor. It is explanatory drawing explaining the fixing structure of the 1st thru | or 3rd ground boards 41-43 before the assembly | attachment of a transmission line, and the support structure of a 1st thru | or 2nd board | substrate. It is explanatory drawing explaining the fixing structure of the 1st thru | or 3rd ground boards 41-43 after the assembly | attachment of a transmission line, and the support structure of a 1st thru | or 2nd board | substrate. It is the schematic which shows the connection structure of a 1st center conductor and a 2nd center conductor. It is the top view, side view, and bottom view which show the holding member holding a connection pin. It is a perspective view of a holding member. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the connection pin inclined in the holding hole of a holding member. It is a graph which shows the relationship between inclination-angle (theta) with respect to the 2nd ground board of a connection pin, and the phase shift of the signal which propagates through this connection pin. It is a top view which shows a phase shifter. It is a perspective view which shows a phase shifter. It is sectional drawing which shows a phase shifter and its peripheral part. It is a perspective view which shows the moving mechanism which moves the 1st and 2nd dielectric material board. It is a schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship of the connection pin and metal spacer seen from the direction perpendicular | vertical with respect to a 1st board | substrate. It is a distribution map which shows distribution of current density when a plurality of metal spacers are arranged near a connection pin. As a comparative example, it is a distribution diagram showing a current density distribution when one metal spacer is arranged in the vicinity of a connection pin. It is a top view, a side view, a front view, and a bottom view showing a grounding metal fitting. It is a perspective view of a grounding metal fitting. It is the schematic which shows the state by which the earthing | grounding metal fitting is arrange | positioned between the 1st ground board and the 3rd ground board. It is AA sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the frequency sharing antenna which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial cross section figure of the transmission line in a frequency sharing antenna.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a frequency sharing antenna device as one aspect of the antenna device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This frequency sharing antenna apparatus is used as a base station antenna for a mobile phone. In the following description, the case where the frequency sharing antenna apparatus according to the present embodiment is used for transmission of a high frequency signal will be described, but this frequency sharing antenna apparatus can also be used for reception.

(Functional configuration of frequency sharing antenna device)
1A to 1D are schematic diagrams illustrating a functional configuration of the frequency sharing antenna apparatus according to the present embodiment. This frequency sharing antenna apparatus can transmit high-frequency signals of 1.5 to 2 GHz band horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and 700 to 800 MHz band horizontal polarization and vertical polarization. Hereinafter, the 1.5 to 2 GHz band is the first frequency band, and the 700 to 800 MHz band is the second frequency band.

  FIG. 1A is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration example of a first transmission unit 1A capable of transmitting horizontal polarization of the first frequency band. The first transmission unit 1A distributes a signal input to a terminal unit 10A to which a core wire of a coaxial cable (not shown) is connected to a plurality (14 in the present embodiment) of first horizontal polarization antenna elements 15A. It is configured as follows.

  Specifically, the first transmission unit 1A includes a first distribution line 11A that distributes the signal input to the terminal unit 10A, and a second distribution line 12A that further distributes the signal distributed by the first distribution line 11A. The third distribution line 13A further distributes the signal distributed by the second distribution line 12A, and the fourth distribution line 14A further distributes the signal distributed by the third distribution line 13A.

  A plurality of phase shifters 20 are provided between the first distribution line 11A and the second distribution line 12A and between the second distribution line 12A and the third distribution line 13A, respectively. By changing the phase of the signal by the phase shifter 20, it is possible to adjust the directivity of radio waves radiated from the plurality of first horizontally polarized antenna elements 15A. The configuration of the phase shifter 20 will be described later.

  Furthermore, the second distribution line 12A or the third distribution line 13A and the fourth distribution line 14A are connected by a connection pin 30 as a connection member described later.

  FIG. 1B is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration example of the second transmission unit 1B capable of transmitting the vertically polarized wave in the first frequency band. The second transmission unit 1B is configured in the same manner as the first transmission unit 1A. That is, the second transmission unit 1B distributes the signal input to the terminal unit 10B to which the core wire of the unillustrated coaxial cable is connected to a plurality (14 in the present embodiment) of the first vertically polarized antenna elements 15B. Is configured to do.

  Specifically, the second transmitter 1B includes a first distribution line 11B that distributes the signal input to the terminal unit 10B, and a second distribution line 12B that further distributes the signal distributed by the first distribution line 11B. The third distribution line 13B further distributes the signal distributed by the second distribution line 12B, and the fourth distribution line 14B further distributes the signal distributed by the third distribution line 13B. The first distribution line 11B And the second distribution line 12B, and between the second distribution line 12B and the third distribution line 13B, phase shifters 20 are respectively provided. The second distribution line 12B or the third distribution line 13B and the fourth distribution line 14B are connected by a connection pin 30.

  FIG. 1C is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration example of the third transmission unit 1C capable of transmitting the horizontal polarization of the second frequency band. The third transmission unit 1C distributes a signal input to a terminal unit 10C to which a core wire of a coaxial cable (not shown) is connected to a plurality (10 in the present embodiment) of second horizontally polarized antenna elements 15C. It is configured as follows.

  Specifically, the third transmission unit 1C includes a first distribution line 11C that distributes the signal input to the terminal unit 10C, and a second distribution line 12C that further distributes the signal distributed by the first distribution line 11C. The third distribution line 13C further distributes the signal distributed by the second distribution line 12C, and the fourth distribution line 14C further distributes the signal distributed by the third distribution line 13C, and includes the first distribution line 11C. And the second distribution line 12C, and between the second distribution line 12C and the third distribution line 13C, phase shifters 20 are respectively provided. Further, the second distribution line 12C or the third distribution line 13C and the fourth distribution line 14C are connected by a connection pin 30.

  FIG. 1D is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration example of a fourth transmission unit 1D capable of transmitting the vertically polarized wave in the second frequency band. The fourth transmission unit 1D is configured in the same manner as the third transmission unit 1C. That is, the fourth transmission unit 1D distributes the signal input to the terminal unit 10D to which the core wire of the unillustrated coaxial cable is connected to a plurality of (in this embodiment, 10) second vertically polarized antenna elements 15D. Is configured to do.

  Specifically, the third transmission unit 1D includes a first distribution line 11D that distributes the signal input to the terminal unit 10D, and a second distribution line 12D that further distributes the signal distributed by the first distribution line 11D. The third distribution line 13D further distributes the signal distributed by the second distribution line 12D, and the fourth distribution line 14D further distributes the signal distributed by the third distribution line 13D, and includes the first distribution line 11D. And the second distribution line 12D, and between the second distribution line 12D and the third distribution line 13D, phase shifters 20 are respectively provided. The second distribution line 12D or the third distribution line 13D and the fourth distribution line 14D are connected by a connection pin 30.

  Hereinafter, the first horizontally polarized antenna element 15A, the first vertically polarized antenna element 15B, the second horizontally polarized antenna element 15C, and the second vertically polarized antenna element 15D are collectively referred to as the antenna element 15.

(Configuration of frequency sharing antenna device)
FIG. 2 is an external perspective view showing the external appearance of the frequency sharing antenna device 1. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the inside of the radome 10 of the frequency sharing antenna apparatus 1.

  The frequency sharing antenna device 1 includes a transmission line 100 that transmits and distributes a high-frequency signal, a plurality of antenna elements 15 that can transmit the high-frequency signal distributed by the transmission line 100, and a dielectric (described later). The moving mechanism 2 for moving the first dielectric plate 21 and the second dielectric plate 22) and the radome 10 made of insulating resin such as FRP (fiber reinforced plastics) are provided.

  The radome 10 has a cylindrical shape whose both ends are closed by an antenna cap (not shown), and is attached to the antenna tower or the like by a pair of mounting brackets 10a so that the longitudinal direction thereof is the vertical direction. The transmission line 100, the plurality of antenna elements 15, and the moving mechanism 2 are disposed in the radome 10.

  The transmission line 100 has a triplate structure in which a center conductor is sandwiched between a plurality of pairs of plate-like conductors. In the present embodiment, the transmission line 100 includes first to third ground plates 41 to 43 as a plurality of pairs of electrically grounded plate conductors, and includes the first to third ground plates 41 to 43. Among these, the first center conductor 51 is disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 that form a pair, and the second central plate 51 is interposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43. Two central conductors 52 are arranged.

  The first to third ground plates 41 to 43 are stacked in parallel to each other, the first ground plate 41 and the third ground plate 43 are respectively located in the outermost layers, and the second ground plate 42 is the first ground plate 42. It is located between the ground plate 41 and the third ground plate 43. The first to third ground plates 41 to 43 have a long plate shape having a longitudinal direction in the central axis direction of the radome 10. In FIG. 3, illustration of members such as spacers (described later) disposed between the first to third ground plates 41 to 43 and the first and second center conductors 51 and 52 is omitted. The length of the radome 10 in the central axis direction is, for example, 1 to 2.7 m.

  Fixing brackets 10 b for fixing the first ground plate 41 to the radome 10 are fixed to both ends of the first ground plate 41 in the longitudinal direction. The fixing bracket 10b sandwiches the radome 10 with the mounting bracket 10a, and is fastened to the radome 10 with bolts 10c.

  4 and 5 show a plurality of antenna elements 15 arranged on the third ground plate 43 in the radome 10, FIG. 4 is an overall view, and FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view. In addition, the 3rd ground board 43 is installed so that the drawing upper direction of FIG.

  The plurality of antenna elements 15 are printed dipole antennas composed of a printed circuit board in which a wiring pattern (not shown) that functions as a radiating element is formed on a plate-like dielectric. Among the plurality of antenna elements 15, the first horizontally polarized antenna element 15A and the first vertically polarized antenna element 15B are arranged so as to cross in a cross shape. The second horizontally polarized antenna element 15C is arranged so that its substrate surface is in the horizontal direction. The second vertically polarized antenna element 15D is composed of a pair of printed circuit boards facing in the horizontal direction.

  The plurality of antenna elements 15 are fixed vertically to the third ground plate 43 by L-shaped mounting brackets 433 fixed to the third ground plate 43 by bolts 431 and nuts 432.

  The plurality of antenna elements 15 are provided with convex portions (not shown) that pass through the openings formed in the third ground plate 43, and a wiring pattern that functions as a radiating element is provided through the convex portions as the second wiring pattern. The central conductor 52 is electrically connected.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a part of the first center conductor 51. The first center conductor 51 is formed of a metal foil such as copper provided as a wiring pattern on the surface of the first substrate 510 made of an electrically insulating resin (dielectric) such as glass epoxy. First distribution lines 11A, 11B, 11C, and 11D, second distribution lines 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D, and third distribution lines 13A, 13B, and 13C of the first to fourth transmission units 1A to 1D (see FIG. 1). , 13D are constituted by a first central conductor 51. Further, the first central conductor 51 constitutes a part of the phase shifter 20 described later.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a part of the second center conductor 52. Similarly to the first center conductor 51, the second center conductor 52 is made of copper or the like provided as a wiring pattern on the surface of the second substrate 520 made of an electrically insulating resin (dielectric) such as glass epoxy. The metal foil is formed. The fourth distribution lines 14 </ b> A, 14 </ b> B, 14 </ b> C, 14 </ b> D of the first to fourth transmission units 1 </ b> A to 1 </ b> D are configured by the second center conductor 52.

  The thickness of the first substrate 510 and the second substrate 520 is, for example, 0.8 mm. Note that the wiring pattern as the first central conductor 51 may be provided on both surfaces of the first substrate 510, or may be provided on only one surface. Similarly, the wiring pattern as the second central conductor 52 may be provided on both surfaces of the second substrate 520, or may be provided on only one surface.

  8A and 8B are explanatory views for explaining a fixing structure of the first to third ground plates 41 to 43 and a supporting structure of the first to second substrates 510 and 520 in the transmission line 100. FIG. 8A shows a state before the transmission line 100 is assembled, and FIG. 8B shows a state after the transmission line 100 is assembled.

  Metal spacers 50 are respectively disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 and between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43. The metal spacer 50 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 is inserted through an insertion hole 510 a formed in the first substrate 510. The metal spacer 50 disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43 passes through an insertion hole 520 a formed in the second substrate 520.

  The metal spacer 50 has conductivity, and is made of, for example, brass plated with copper or tin. Further, the metal spacer 50 has a shaft portion 501 and a male screw portion 502 integrally, and a screw hole 500 is formed in the shaft portion 501. 8A and 8B, this screw hole 500 is indicated by a broken line. In the present embodiment, the shaft portion 501 of the metal spacer 50 has a hexagonal column shape, but the shaft portion 501 may have a columnar shape.

  Between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 and between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43, shaft portions 501 of the metal spacer 50 are respectively interposed. A space corresponding to the length of the shaft portion 501 is formed. The length of the shaft portion 501 is, for example, 5.0 mm. The first to third ground plates 41 to 43 are electrically connected to each other by a metal spacer 50. That is, the metal spacer 50 is an aspect of the ground conductor of the present invention that electrically connects the first to third ground plates 41 to 43.

  A nut 54 is screwed into the male thread portion 502 of the metal spacer 50 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42. The screw hole 500 of the metal spacer 50 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 is disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43. The male thread portion 502 of the metal spacer 50 is screwed. The male screw portion 551 of the bolt 55 is screwed into the screw hole 500 of the metal spacer 50 disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43.

  The first to third ground plates 41 to 43 are formed with insertion holes 41a, 42a, and 43a through which the male threaded portion 502 of the metal spacer 50 or the male threaded portion 551 of the bolt 55 are inserted.

  As described above, the transmission line 100 has the two metal spacers 50, the one nut 54, and the one bolt 55 fixed to each other, whereby the first to third ground plates 41 to 43 are each separated by a predetermined distance. Are arranged in parallel to each other. Note that the fixing structure including two metal spacers 50, one nut 54, and one bolt 55 is provided at a plurality of locations of the transmission line 100, and the interval between the first to third ground plates 41 to 43 is constant. It is kept.

  The first substrate 510 is supported by a resin spacer 56 between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42. The second substrate 520 is supported by a resin spacer 56 between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43. The resin spacers 56 that support the first substrate 510 are fixed to both surfaces of the first substrate 510 by, for example, adhesion. Similarly, the resin spacer 56 that supports the second substrate 520 is fixed to both surfaces of the second substrate 520 by, for example, adhesion. The thickness of each resin spacer 56 is 2.1 mm, for example.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a connection structure between the first center conductor 51 and the second center conductor 52. The central conductors (the first central conductor 51 and the second central conductor 52) arranged with the second ground plate 42 interposed therebetween are inserted into connection pin insertion holes 42 b formed in the second ground plate 42. They are electrically connected by connecting pins 30 as shaft-like connecting members.

  The connection pin 30 is made of a highly conductive metal such as copper or brass. In the present embodiment, the connection pin 30 is a cylindrical member, but is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a quadrangular prism or a hexagonal prism. Both ends of the connection pin 30 are inserted into an insertion hole 510b formed in the first substrate 510 and an insertion hole 520b formed in the second substrate 520, respectively, and the first central conductor 51 and the second center are connected. Soldered to the conductor 52.

  With the connection structure using the connection pins 30, the third distribution line 13A and the fourth distribution line 14A of the first transmission unit 1A, the third distribution line 13B and the fourth distribution line 14B of the second transmission unit 1B, and the third transmission The third distribution line 13C and the fourth distribution line 14C of the unit 1C are connected to the third distribution line 13D and the fourth distribution line 14D of the fourth transmission unit 1D, respectively.

(Connection pin holding structure)
10A is a top view, a side view, and a bottom view showing the holding member 6 that holds the connection pin 30. FIG. FIG. 10B is a perspective view of the holding member 6. The frequency sharing antenna device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a holding member 6 that holds the connection pin 30, and the connection pin 30 is inserted into a holding hole 60 formed in the holding member 6. The holding member 6 is made of an insulating resin material such as a fluororesin.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the holding member 6 is inserted into the connection pin insertion hole 42 b of the second ground plate 42. The holding member 6 includes a large-diameter cylinder portion 61 having a diameter larger than that of the connection pin insertion hole 42b and a small-diameter cylinder portion 62 having a diameter smaller than that of the connection pin insertion hole 42b. The step surface 6 a between the portion 62 and the second ground plate 42 is opposed to the step surface 6 a.

The holding member 6, the end face 6b of the large-diameter portion 61 comes in contact with the first substrate 510 in the central axis line C ₁ direction of the holding hole 60, the end faces also the small diameter cylinder portion 62 side in the central axis line C ₁ direction 6 c is in contact with the second substrate 520. Both end faces 6b of the holding member 6, 6c is a flat surface perpendicular to the central axis C _1. The holding member 6 has both end faces 6 b and 6 c in contact with the first substrate 510 and the second substrate 520, so that the central axis C ₁ is disposed perpendicular to the second ground plate 42.

  FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the connection pin 30 is inclined in the holding hole 60 of the holding member 6. The inclination of the connection pin 30 is regulated by contact with the inner surface 60 a of the holding hole 60. That is, when the connection pin 30 is inclined with respect to the second ground plate 42, the outer peripheral surface 30 a of the connection pin 30 contacts the inner surface 60 a of the holding hole 60, and further inclination of the connection pin 30 is suppressed. In the present embodiment, the inclination of the connection pin 30 with respect to the second ground plate 42 is regulated within 3 ° by the holding member 6.

FIG. 11B is a graph showing the relationship between the inclination angle θ of the connection pin 30 with respect to the second ground plate 42 and the phase shift of the signal propagating through the connection pin 30. When the connection pin 30 is tilted, the signal propagation characteristics change, and an unintended signal phase shift occurs in the connection pin 30. This phase shift, as shown in FIG. 11B, the inclination angle is an angle formed between the center axis line C ₁ and the central axis line C ₂ in the cross section including the center axis line C ₂ of the central axis C ₁ and the connection pins 30 of the holding hole 60 When θ exceeds 3 °, it becomes remarkably large. That is, in the present embodiment, when the holding member 6 is arranged so that the central axis C ₁ is orthogonal to the second ground plate 42, the inner diameter of the holding hole 60 is set so that the inclination angle θ is within 3 °. Is set, thereby suppressing the phase shift of the signal.

(Configuration of phase shifter and moving mechanism)
FIG. 12 is a plan view showing the phase shifter 20, and FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the phase shifter 20. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the phase shifter 20 and its periphery.

  The phase shifter 20 includes movable first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 and the first central conductor 51, respectively. A dielectric insertion type phase shifter. The phase shifter 20 changes the phase of the high-frequency signal distributed to the plurality of antenna elements 15 by moving the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 relative to the first central conductor 51. It is possible.

  In the present embodiment, the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 are arranged with the first center conductor 51 interposed therebetween, and the second center conductor 52 and the second and third ground plates are arranged. Although not arranged between the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22, the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 are arranged between the second central conductor 52 and the second and third ground plates 42 and 43. It is also possible to do. However, by arranging the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 only between the first central conductor 51 and the first and second ground plates 41 and 42, the configuration of the transmission line 100 is simplified. The pattern design of the first and second central conductors 51 and 52 on the first and second substrates 510 and 520 is facilitated.

  The first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 are made of a dielectric material such as glass epoxy, and are connected to each other by a pair of connecting rods 23 provided at both ends thereof. The connecting rod 23 passes through the long hole 510 c formed in the first substrate 510 and the long hole 41 c formed in the first ground plate 41 and protrudes from the first ground plate 41.

The elongated hole 510c of the first substrate 510 and the elongated hole 41c of the first ground plate 41 are formed so as to extend in parallel to the central axis direction of the radome 10. Thus, the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 are moved forward and backward along the longitudinal direction of the first ground plate 41 and the first substrate 510 with the connecting rod 23 guided by the elongated holes 510c and 41c. Is possible. In FIG. 12, the moving directions of the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 are indicated by arrows A ₁ and A ₂ . In the following description, the direction of arrow A ₁ is referred to as the forward direction, and the direction of arrow A ₂ is referred to as the backward direction.

  In the first center conductor 51, the portion sandwiched between the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 meanders in a meander shape. That is, the first central conductor 51 has first to fifth extending portions 511 to 515 that extend in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22. ing.

  Since the first dielectric plate 21 and the second dielectric plate 22 are formed in the same shape, referring to FIGS. 12 and 3, the first ground plate 41, the first substrate 510, The shape of the first dielectric plate 21 disposed between the two will be described in detail. In FIG. 12, the portion of the first central conductor 51 covered with the first dielectric plate 21 is indicated by a broken line.

The first dielectric plate 21 includes first to fifth portions corresponding to the first to fifth extending portions 511 to 515 of the first central conductor 51 between both ends where the connecting rod 23 is erected. It has the 5th dielectric material part 211-215. In this embodiment, first to fifth dielectric portion 211 to 215 are triangular, the first to fifth in the first dielectric plate 21 moves in the forward direction (arrow A ₁ direction) of the extending portion 511 to 515 and the expanded first to fifth dielectric portion area where the overlap 211 to 215, first when the first dielectric plate 21 moves in the backward direction (arrow a ₂ direction) The area where the first to fifth extending portions 511 to 515 overlap with the first to fifth dielectric portions 211 to 215 is reduced. However, the first dielectric plate 21 is not limited to the shape illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13, and may be configured so that the area overlapping the first central conductor 51 is changed as it moves.

  When the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 move in the forward or backward direction, the first and second dielectric plates in the space between the first central conductor 51 and the first and second ground plates 41 and 42 are moved. Since the ratio of the two dielectric plates 21 and 22 changes, the effective dielectric constant in the first to fifth extending portions 511 to 515 changes. Due to the change in the effective dielectric constant, the electric line lengths of the first to fifth extending portions 511 to 515 change, and the phase can be adjusted.

  FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the moving mechanism 2 that moves the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22.

  The moving mechanism 2 includes a first linear motor unit 24 and a second linear motor unit 25, a pair of first drive rods 26 driven by the first linear motor unit 24, and a second linear motor unit 25. A pair of second drive rods 27 to be driven and a guide member 28 for guiding the first drive rods 26 and the second drive rods 27 are provided. This moving mechanism 2 includes the first ground plate 41 in the outermost layer on the opposite side to the third ground plate 43 to which the plurality of antenna elements 15 are fixed, among the first to third ground plates 41 to 43. The first dielectric plate 21 is disposed between the first dielectric plate 21 and the first dielectric plate 21.

  The first linear motion motor unit 24 and the second linear motion motor unit 25 are arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the first ground plate 41. The first linear motion motor unit 24 has an electric motor 241 as a drive source, and linearly moves the linear motion shaft 242 along the longitudinal direction of the first ground plate 41 by the torque of the electric motor 241. A drive member 243 extending in the short direction of the first ground plate 41 is connected to the linear movement shaft 242, and a pair of first drive rods 26 are connected to both ends of the drive member 243.

  The second linear motor unit 25 is configured in the same manner as the first linear motor unit 24. That is, the second linear motion motor unit 25 is connected to the electric motor 251, the linear motion shaft 252 that moves linearly by the torque of the electric motor 251, and the drive that extends in the short direction of the first ground plate 41. A member 253 and a pair of second drive rods 27 connected to both ends of the drive member 253 are provided. The pair of first drive rods 26 and the pair of second drive rods 27 are guided by guide members 28 fixed to the first ground plate 41, and move forward and backward along the longitudinal direction of the first ground plate 41.

  A connecting rod 23 of the phase shifter 20 is connected to the first driving rod 26 and the second driving rod 27. That is, when the pair of first drive rods 26 is moved by the operation of the first linear motor unit 24, the first and second dielectrics of the phase shifter 20 in which the connection rod 23 is connected to the first drive rod 26. The plates 21 and 22 move in the same direction as the first drive rod 26. When the pair of second drive rods 27 are moved by the operation of the second linear motor unit 25, the first and second dielectrics of the phase shifter 20 in which the connection rod 23 is connected to the second drive rod 27. The plates 21 and 22 move in the same direction as the first drive rod 26.

  In the present embodiment, the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 of the phase shifter 20 in the first transmission unit 1A and the second transmission unit 1B shown in FIG. 27, the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 of the phase shifter 20 in the third transmission unit 1C and the fourth transmission unit 1D are connected to the first drive rod 26 via the connection rod 23. Yes. That is, the phase of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization in the first frequency band radiated from the first horizontal polarization antenna element 15A and the first vertical polarization antenna element 15B is adjusted by the operation of the second linear motor unit 25. The phases of the horizontally polarized waves and vertically polarized waves in the second frequency band radiated from the second horizontally polarized antenna element 15C and the second vertically polarized antenna element 15D are adjusted by the operation of the first linear motor unit 24. .

(Positional relationship between connection pin and metal spacer)
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the connection pins 30 and the metal spacers 50 as viewed from the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 510.

The metal spacer 50 is disposed in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 so as to surround the connection pin 30. Here, “the metal spacer 50 is disposed in the vicinity of the connection pin 30” specifically means that the metal from the outer peripheral surface 30 a of the connection pin 30 in the direction orthogonal to the central axis C ₂ of the connection pin 30. It means that the shortest distance to the spacer 50 is within 5.0 mm. Further, “so as to surround the connection pin 30” specifically means a polygon formed by connecting the centers of the metal spacers 50 arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 (shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 16). ) In which at least a part of the connection pin 30 is located.

In the example shown in FIG. 16, three metal spacers 50 are arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 so as to surround the connection pin 30. Of these three metal spacers 50, the distance d ₁ between one metal spacer 50 arranged at the position closest to the connection pin 30 and the connection pin 30 is 3.0 mm or less. Here, the distance d ₁ is the shortest distance between the outer peripheral surface 30 a of the connection pin 30 and the metal spacer 50 in the direction orthogonal to the central axis C ₂ of the connection pin 30. The distance d ₁ is preferably 1.0 mm or more, more preferably 2.0 mm or more in order to prevent interference between the metal spacer 50 and the connection pin 30 or the first center conductor 51.

  In addition, the some metal spacer 50 may be arrange | positioned in the range from which the distance with the connection pin 30 is 3.0 mm or less. That is, the distance between at least one metal spacer 50 and the connection pin 30 among the plurality of metal spacers 50 arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 may be 3.0 mm or less.

  FIG. 17 shows the signal transmission lines 51a and 52a of the first and second center conductors 51 and 52 arranged in parallel to each other when the plurality of metal spacers 50 are arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 as described above. The current distribution when a 2.2 GHz high frequency signal is supplied is shown. FIG. 18 shows a current density distribution when one metal spacer 50 is arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 as a comparative example.

  In FIGS. 17 and 18, the current density is indicated by color shading, a portion having a high current density is indicated by light color, and a portion having a low current density is indicated by dark color. In FIGS. 17 and 18, the first and second ground plates 41 and 42 and the first and second substrates 510 and 520 are not shown, and the current density in the third ground plate 43 is shown. .

  As is clear from a comparison between FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, when three metal spacers 50 are arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 so as to surround the connection pin 30, only one is provided in the vicinity of the connection pin 30. Compared with the case where the metal spacer 50 is disposed, the expansion of the high current density region in the third ground plate 43 is suppressed. In particular, outside the range surrounded by the three metal spacers 50, the current density is remarkably reduced as compared with the range surrounded by the three metal spacers 50. Although not shown, the current density is also distributed in the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 as in the third ground plate 43.

  This indicates that by arranging the plurality of metal spacers 50 in the vicinity of the connection pins 30 as described above, the range showing a high current density is limited, and current leakage is suppressed. Therefore, by arranging the plurality of metal spacers 50 in the vicinity of the connection pins 30 as shown in FIG.

  The number of metal spacers 50 arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 is not limited to three. However, it is desirable that the number of the metal spacers 50 arranged in the vicinity of the connection pins 30 is three or more so that the connection pins 30 are located in a range surrounded by the plurality of metal spacers 50.

(Configuration of grounding bracket)
Next, a description will be given of the grounding metal member 7 disposed in order to suppress current leakage around the connection pin 30 and reduce passage loss. The ground metal fitting 7 is disposed in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 where the metal spacer 50 is not disposed in the vicinity thereof among the plurality of connection pins 30 in the transmission line 100.

  FIG. 19A is a top view, a side view, a front view, and a bottom view showing the grounding fitting 7. FIG. 19B is a perspective view of the grounding fitting 7. FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing a state in which the grounding fitting 7 is disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the third ground plate 43. 21A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 21B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  The grounding fitting 7 is made of a highly conductive metal such as copper or brass, and a main body in which a notch 70 for accommodating the end portions of the first and second center conductors 51 and 52 connected by the connection pin 30 is formed. A portion 71 and a plate-shaped washer portion 72 are integrally provided. The notch 70 passes through the main body 71 along the connection pin 30. The lower surface 72a of the washer portion 72 is in surface contact with the second ground plate 42 or the third ground plate 43 and is electrically grounded.

  When the grounding fitting 7 is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the third ground plate 43, the inner surface 70a of the notch 70 has a U-shape. That is, the notch 70 is formed as a concave portion recessed in one direction parallel to the first to third ground plates 41 to 43. That is, the main body 71 includes a pair of opposing wall portions 71a and 71b that are opposed to each other through the notch 70, and a bottom wall portion 71c that is interposed between the one opposing wall portion 71a and the other opposing wall portion 71b. And the inner surface 70a of the bottom wall 71c is curved in an arc shape. However, the inner surface 70a of the notch 70 in the bottom wall portion 71c does not necessarily have to be curved and may be a flat surface.

  The ground metal fitting 7 is disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 and between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43. The main body 71 of the grounding fitting 7 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 passes through a through hole 510 d formed in the first substrate 510. As shown in FIG. 21A, the through hole 510 d of the first substrate 510 is formed in a shape that allows the main body portion 71 to be inserted between the main body portion 71 and a gap having a predetermined width. A main body 71 of the grounding metal member 7 disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43 passes through a through hole 520 d formed in the second substrate 520. As shown in FIG. 21B, the through hole 520 d of the second substrate 520 is formed in a shape that allows the main body 71 to be inserted between the main body 71 and a gap having a predetermined width.

  A boss portion 721 for positioning is formed on the washer portion 72 so as to protrude from the lower surface 72a. The boss portion 721 of the grounding metal member 7 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 is fitted into the fitting hole 42c formed in the second grounding plate 42 so as to be grounded. 7 is positioned. The boss portion 721 of the grounding metal member 7 disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third grounding plate 43 is fitted into a fitting hole 43c formed in the third ground plate 43 to be grounded metal fittings. 7 is positioned.

  The grounding metal member 7 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 is fixed by a metal spacer 57 disposed between the washer portion 72 and the first ground plate 41. Yes. The grounding metal member 7 disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43 is fixed by a metal spacer 57 disposed between the washer portion 72 and the second ground plate 42. Yes.

  The washer portion 72 is formed with a bolt insertion hole 722 through which the male screw portion 571 of the metal spacer 57 or the male screw portion 551 of the bolt 55 is inserted. The bolt insertion hole 722 of the grounding metal member 7 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 is disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43. The male screw portion 571 of the metal spacer 57 is inserted, and the male screw portion 571 is screwed into the screw hole of the metal spacer 57 arranged between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42. A male threaded portion 551 of a bolt 55 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 722 of the grounding fitting 7 disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43, and this male threaded portion 551 is connected to the second ground. Screwed into a screw hole of a metal spacer 57 disposed between the plate 42 and the third ground plate 43. The male thread portion 571 of the metal spacer 57 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 is screwed into the nut 54.

  As shown in FIG. 21A, the connection portion 51 b of the first center conductor 51 with the connection pin 30 is sandwiched between a pair of opposing wall portions 71 a and 71 b of the grounding metal 7. Further, as shown in FIG. 21B, the connection portion 52 b of the first center conductor 51 with the connection pin 30 is sandwiched between a pair of opposing wall portions 71 a and 71 b of the grounding metal 7.

The first center conductor 51 is formed such that the conductor width w ₁₁ at the connection portion 51 b sandwiched between the pair of opposing wall portions 71 a and 71 b is narrower than the conductor width w _{12 at} other portions in the vicinity of the grounding fitting 7. Yes. Further, as shown in FIG. 21B, the second center conductor 52 has a conductor width w ₂₁ in the connecting portion 52b sandwiched between the pair of opposing wall portions 71a and 71b, and the conductor in the other portion in the vicinity of the grounding fitting 7. It formed to be narrower than the width w _22.

In the present embodiment, the conductor width w ₁₁ of the connection portion 51 b of the first center conductor 51 with the connection pin 30 and the conductor width w ₂₁ of the connection portion 52 b of the second center conductor 52 with the connection pin 30 are: The conductor width w ₁₂ outside the notch 70 in the first center conductor 51 and the conductor width w ₂₂ outside the notch 70 in the second center conductor 52 are the same, but the conductor width w ₁₁ and the conductor width w ₂₁ are not necessarily the same, and the conductor width w ₁₂ and the conductor width w ₂₂ are not necessarily the same. However, if the conductor width w ₁₂ and the conductor width w ₂₂ are the same, the distance between the outer edges of the first center conductor 51 and the second center conductor 52 and the inner surface 70a of the notch 70 becomes equal, which is more preferable. . A desirable range of the distance between the outer edges of the first center conductor 51 and the second center conductor 52 and the inner surface 70a of the notch 70 within the notch 70 is 0.8 to 1.2 mm (0.8 mm or more and 1.. 2 mm or less).

  By using the ground metal fitting 7 formed as described above, the leakage of current is suppressed and the passage loss is reduced as in the case where the plurality of metal spacers 50 are arranged in the vicinity of the connection pins 30.

(Operation and effect of the first embodiment)
According to the first embodiment described above, the following operations and effects can be obtained.

(1) The transmission line 100 of the frequency sharing antenna apparatus 1 is formed by sandwiching first to second center conductors 51 and 52 between first to fourth ground plates 41 to 43 stacked in parallel to each other. Since the layer has a triplate structure, even if the configuration of the transmission line 100 is complicated, an increase in size of the frequency sharing antenna device 1 can be suppressed. That is, since the first central conductor 51 and the second central conductor 52 can be stacked and arranged, the signal transmission lines can be crossed in three dimensions, and the degree of freedom in design is increased. The widths of the fourth ground plates 41 to 43 can be reduced.

(2) The first to third ground plates 41 to 43 are stacked in parallel to each other, and the first and second ground plates 41 and 42, the first central conductor 51, and the second and third ground plates. 42 and 43 and the second central conductor 52 constitute a triplate line, respectively, and the first distribution lines 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D and second in the first to fourth transmission units 1A to 1D by the triplate line. Since the distribution lines 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D, the third distribution lines 13A, 13B, 13C, and 13D and the fourth distribution lines 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D are configured, the line structures of the respective lines should be shared. Reflection and loss can be suppressed.

(3) The phase shifter 20 includes the first dielectric plate 21 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the first central conductor 51, and the second ground plate 42 and the first central conductor. Since the phase of the signal can be changed by moving the second dielectric plate 22 arranged between the phase shifter 20 and the phase shifter 20, the phase shifter 20 can be arranged in the triplate line. The apparatus 1 contributes to downsizing. Further, the phase shifter 20 is configured by a common line structure with the second distribution lines 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, the third distribution lines 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D, and the fourth distribution lines 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D. Therefore, reflection and loss in the phase shifter 20 can be suppressed.

(4) The plurality of antenna elements 15 (the first horizontally polarized antenna element 15A, the first vertically polarized antenna element 15B, the second horizontally polarized antenna element 15C, and the second vertically polarized antenna element 15D) Since it is fixed to the ground plate 43, there is no need to provide a dedicated fixing member for fixing the plurality of antenna elements 15, and an increase in the number of components of the frequency sharing antenna device 1 can be suppressed and downsizing can be achieved. .

(5) Since the moving mechanism 2 is fixed to the first ground plate 41, the first and second dielectric plates 21 arranged with the first ground plate 41 sandwiched between the moving mechanism 2. , 22 is moved through the connecting rod 23.

(6) Since the first to third ground plates 41 to 43 have a long plate shape having a longitudinal direction in the central axis direction of the radome 10, the space in the radome 10 can be used effectively.

(7) Since the first center conductor 51 and the second center conductor 52 are made of metal foil provided on the surfaces of the first substrate 510 and the second substrate 520 made of a dielectric, the first center conductor 51 The fixing structure for fixing 51 and the second central conductor 52 between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 and between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43 is simplified. Can be configured.

(8) Since the first center conductor 51 and the second center conductor 52 are connected by the connection pin 30 inserted through the insertion hole 42b formed in the second ground plate 42, for example, between the center conductors As compared with the case where the two are connected by a coaxial cable, the connection structure is facilitated.

(9) Since the connection pin 30 is held by the holding member 6 and is inserted through the insertion hole 42b of the second ground plate 42 together with the holding member 6, the connection pin 30 and the second ground plate 42 are in contact with each other. Can be suppressed.

(10) Since the connecting pin 30 is held by the holding member 6 and the inclination thereof is suppressed within 3 °, the phase shift of the signal is suppressed to a range where there is substantially no problem.

(11) The holding member 6 has a large-diameter cylindrical portion 61 and a small-diameter cylindrical portion 62, and the step surface 6 a between the large-diameter cylindrical portion 61 and the small-diameter cylindrical portion 62 faces the second ground plate 42. Therefore, the inclination of the holding member 6 with respect to the second ground plate 42 is suppressed.

(12) Since the plurality of metal spacers 50 are arranged in the vicinity of the connection pin 30 so as to surround the connection pin 30, the leakage current is suppressed and the passage loss is reduced. Furthermore, since the distance d ₁ between one metal spacer 50 arranged at the position closest to the connection pin 30 and the connection pin 30 is 3.0 mm or less, the leakage current is more reliably suppressed, and the passage loss can be reduced. Becomes larger.

(13) The connection portion 51 b of the first center conductor 51 and the connection portion 52 b of the second center conductor 52 connected by the connection pin 30 are accommodated in the notch 70 formed in the main body portion 71 of the ground metal fitting 7. As a result, the leakage current in the periphery of the connection pin 30 is suppressed, and the passage loss is reduced.

(14) The first and second center conductors 51 and 52 have the conductor widths w ₁₁ and w ₁₂ in the portion accommodated in the notch 70 of the ground metal fitting 7, and the conductor width w of the other portion outside the notch 70. _21, since the narrower than w _22, it is possible to reduce the size of the grounding member 7.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a frequency sharing antenna apparatus 1 ′ according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of the transmission line 100A in the frequency sharing antenna apparatus 1 ′. 22 and 23, components common to those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the first embodiment, the transmission line 100 includes a first center disposed between the first to third ground plates 41 to 43 and the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42. The conductor 51 and the second center conductor 52 disposed between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43 are configured. In this embodiment, the transmission line 100A The first to fourth ground plates 41 to 44, the first center conductor 51 disposed between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42, the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 42. The second central conductor 52 is disposed between the ground plate 43 and the third central conductor 53 is disposed between the third ground plate 43 and the third ground plate 44. .

  That is, the transmission line 100A has a triplate structure in which a center conductor is sandwiched between a plurality of pairs of plate-like conductors, and the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42 forming a pair are disposed. The first center conductor 51 is sandwiched between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43 that are also paired, and the third ground is also paired. A third central conductor 53 is sandwiched between the plate 43 and the fourth ground plate 44.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the first central conductor 51 and the second central conductor 52 are the surfaces of the first substrate 510 and the second substrate 520 made of a resin having electrical insulation properties such as glass epoxy. Are provided as wiring patterns. The third central conductor 53 is also provided as a wiring pattern on the surface of the third substrate 530 made of an electrically insulating resin such as glass epoxy.

  As shown in FIG. 23, the first to fourth ground plates 41 to 44 are fixed by three metal spacers 50, one nut 54, and one bolt 55. Between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42, between the second ground plate 42 and the third ground plate 43, and between the third ground plate 43 and the fourth ground plate 44. A space corresponding to the length of the metal spacer 50 is formed between them. As in the first embodiment, the first to third substrates 510, 520, and 530 are supported between the first to fourth ground plates 41 to 44 by unillustrated resin spacers. .

  The plurality of antenna elements 15 are fixed to the fourth ground plate 44 located in the outermost layer among the first to fourth ground plates 41 to 44. Moreover, the moving mechanism 2 is being fixed to the 1st ground board 41 similarly to 1st Embodiment.

  The first center conductor 51 and the second center conductor 52 are connected by connection pins 30 at a plurality of locations on the transmission line 100A. The second center conductor 52 and the third center conductor 53 are connected by connection pins 30 at a plurality of locations on the transmission line 100A. Furthermore, although not shown, the first center conductor 51 and the third center conductor 53 can be directly connected by the connection pin 30.

  As in the first embodiment, the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 of the plurality of phase shifters 20 in the transmission line 100A have the first ground plate 41 with the first central conductor 51 interposed therebetween. 1 and the second ground plate 42, the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 may be arranged with the second center conductor 52 sandwiched therebetween, or the third center conductor 53 may be disposed. You may arrange | position across. However, in order to simplify the configuration of the transmission line 100A, it is desirable to arrange the first and second dielectric plates 21 and 22 only between the first ground plate 41 and the second ground plate 42. .

  In the present embodiment, since the transmission line 100A has a three-layer triplate structure, it is possible to cope with a more complicated configuration compared to the transmission line 100 according to the first embodiment. Become.

  For example, a duplexer that separates a 1.5 GHz band signal and a 2 GHz band signal in the first frequency band is configured in the transmission line 100A, and the phase shifter 20 adjusts the phase of each separated frequency band signal. May be. In this case, the duplexer may be mainly constituted by the second center conductor 52. That is, the phase-adjusted signal is obtained by adjusting the phase of the signal separated for each frequency band by the duplexer configured by the second center conductor 52 by the phase shifter 20 including the first center conductor 51. Is distributed to each antenna element 15 by a distribution line formed by the third central conductor 53.

  Furthermore, a phase adjustment circuit for adjusting the phase of the radio signal radiated from the plurality of antenna elements 15 may be constituted by the second center conductor 52. This phase adjustment circuit can be configured, for example, by meandering the signal transmission line and increasing the line length. By delaying the phase of the plurality of antenna elements 15 that are arranged downward in the vertical direction by the phase adjustment circuit, the directivity of the radio waves can be directed downward, and the frequency sharing antenna arranged at a high place Communication between the apparatus 1 'and the mobile phone possessed by the user can be performed accurately.

  However, which of the first to third central conductors 51 to 53 configures the duplexer, the phase adjustment circuit, and the phase shifter 20 can be appropriately selected depending on the design of the transmission line 100A. The phase adjusting circuit and the phase shifter 20 may be configured by all the three central conductors 51 to 53. The configuration of the transmission line 100A can be simplified by consolidating the functions of the duplexer, the phase adjustment circuit, and the phase shifter 20 into any of the triplate lines configured in a plurality of phases. It becomes easy.

  That is, according to the present embodiment, in addition to the operations and effects described for the first embodiment, even if the configuration of the transmission line 100A is complicated, the increase in size of the frequency sharing antenna device 1 ′ is suppressed. Can do. Further, since the transmission line 100A has a three-layer triplate structure, the degree of freedom in design increases, and it becomes possible to cope with a complicated line configuration including a duplexer, a phase adjustment circuit, and the like.

(Summary of embodiment)
Next, the technical idea grasped from the embodiment described above will be described with reference to the reference numerals in the embodiment. However, each reference numeral in the following description does not limit the constituent elements in the claims to members or the like specifically shown in the embodiment.

[1] A transmission line (100 / 100A) having a triplate structure in which a central conductor (51, 52/51 to 53) is sandwiched between a plurality of pairs of plate conductors (41 to 43/41 to 44), respectively. A plurality of antenna elements (15) capable of transmitting a high-frequency signal distributed by the transmission line (100 / 100A), and the plurality of pairs of plate conductors (41 to 43/41 to 44) are laminated in parallel to each other. Antenna device (1 / 1A).

[2] The plurality of pairs of plate conductors include first to third plate conductors (41 to 43), and the first plate conductor (41) and the second plate conductor (42). And [1], wherein the central conductors (51, 52) are disposed between the second plate-like conductor (42) and the third plate-like conductor (43), respectively. The antenna device (1) described.

[3] The plurality of pairs of plate conductors include first to fourth plate conductors (41 to 44), and the first plate conductor (41) and the second plate conductor (42). , Between the second plate conductor (42) and the third plate conductor (43), and between the third plate conductor (43) and the fourth plate conductor (44). The antenna device (1A) according to [1], in which the central conductors (51 to 53) are respectively disposed between the antenna device and the center device.

[4] Of the plurality of pairs of plate conductors (41 to 43/41 to 44), the pair of plate conductors (41, 42) disposed between the pair of plate conductors (41, 42). A movable dielectric (21, 22) is disposed between the central conductor (51), and the movable dielectric (21, 22) moves relative to the central conductor (51). The phase shifter (20) capable of changing the phase of the high-frequency signal distributed to the plurality of antenna elements (15), according to any one of [1] to [3]. Antenna device (1 / 1A).

[5] The plurality of antenna elements (15) are fixed to one plate conductor (43/44) located in the outermost layer among the plurality of pairs of plate conductors (41 to 43/41 to 44). The antenna device (1 / 1A) according to any one of [1] to [4].

[6] The plurality of antenna elements (15) are fixed to one plate conductor (43/44) located in the outermost layer among the plurality of pairs of plate conductors (41 to 43/41 to 44), In the moving mechanism (2) for moving the movable dielectric (21, 22), the antenna element (15) of the plurality of pairs of plate conductors (41-43 / 41-44) is fixed. [4] The plate conductor (41) on the outermost layer opposite to the one plate conductor (43/44) is disposed between the movable dielectric (21/22), and [4]. The antenna device according to (1 / 1A).

[7] The transmission line (100 / 100A), the plurality of antenna elements (15), and the moving mechanism (2) are disposed in a cylindrical radome (10), and the plurality of pairs of plate conductors ( 41 to 43/41 to 44) is an antenna device (1) according to any one of [1] to [6], which has a long plate shape having a longitudinal direction in a central axis direction of the radome (10). / 1A).

[8] The central conductor (51, 52/51 to 53) is formed of a metal foil provided on the surface of a substrate (510, 520/510, 520, 530) made of a dielectric, and the substrate (510, 520/510, 520, 530) is supported between the plate-like conductors (41 to 43/41 to 44) paired with the substrate interposed therebetween, and any one of [1] to [7] Antenna device described in (1 / 1A).

[9] An axial shape in which the central conductors (51, 52) arranged with the plate-like conductor (42) interposed therebetween are inserted through insertion holes (42a) formed in the plate-like conductor (42). The antenna device (1 / 1A) according to any one of [1] to [8], which is electrically connected by a connection member (30).

[10] It further includes a cylindrical holding member (6) made of an insulating material that is inserted into the insertion hole (42a) formed in the plate-like conductor (42) and holds the connection member (30). The antenna device (1 / 1A) according to [9].

[11] The holding member (6) includes a large diameter cylindrical portion (61) and a small diameter cylindrical portion (62) in which a holding hole (60) for holding the connection member (30) is formed, and the large diameter The antenna device (1 / 1A) according to [10], wherein the stepped surface (6a) between the tube portion (61) and the small diameter tube portion (62) faces the plate-like conductor (42).

[12] The antenna device according to [10] or [11], wherein an inclination of the connection member (30) with respect to the plate-like conductor (42) is regulated within 3 ° by the holding member (6). 1 / 1A).

[13] In the vicinity of the connection member (30), a plurality of ground conductors (50) for electrically connecting the plate-like conductors (42) are disposed so as to surround the connection member (30). The antenna device (1 / 1A) according to any one of [9] to [12].

[14] In the above [13], a distance (d ₁ ) between at least one of the plurality of ground conductors (50) and the connection member (30) is 3.0 mm or less. The described antenna device (1 / 1A).

[15] A notch (70) is formed to accommodate the ends of the central conductors (51, 52) connected by the connection member (30), and fixed in contact with the plate-like conductors (41, 43). The antenna device (1 / 1A) according to [9], further including a metal fitting (7) made of a conductive metal.

[16] In the central conductor (51, 52), the conductor width (w ₁ ) in the portion accommodated in the notch (70) of the metal fitting (7) is larger than the conductor width (w ₂ ) in the other portion. The antenna device (1 / 1A) according to [15], which is formed narrowly.

  While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments described above do not limit the invention according to the claims. In addition, it should be noted that not all the combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the means for solving the problems of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1 '... Frequency sharing antenna apparatus 10 ... Radome 100, 100A ... Transmission line 15 ... Antenna element 15A ... Horizontal polarization antenna element 15B ... Vertical polarization antenna element 15C ... Horizontal polarization antenna element 15D ... Vertical polarization antenna element 2 ... Moving mechanism 20 ... Phase shifters 21, 22 ... First and second dielectric plates (movable dielectric)
30 ... Connection pin (connection member)
41-44 ... 1st thru | or 4th ground board (plate-shaped conductor)
50 ... Metal spacer (grounding conductor)
51-53 ... 1st or 2nd center conductor 6 ... Holding member 60 ... Holding hole 61 ... Large diameter cylindrical part 62 ... Small diameter cylindrical part 6a ... Step surface 7 ... Grounding metal fitting 70 ... Notch 71 ... Main body part 72 ... Washer Part

Claims (14)

A transmission line having a triplate structure in which a central conductor is sandwiched between a plurality of pairs of plate conductors, and a plurality of antenna elements capable of transmitting a high-frequency signal distributed by the transmission line,
The plurality of pairs of plate conductors are laminated in parallel with each other ,
The central conductors arranged across the plate-like conductors are electrically connected by a shaft-like connecting member inserted through an insertion hole formed in the plate-like conductor,
In the vicinity of the connection member, a plurality of ground conductors that electrically connect the plate-like conductors are disposed so as to surround the connection member.
Antenna device. As the plurality of pairs of plate-shaped conductors, first to third plate-shaped conductors are provided,
The center conductor is disposed between the first plate conductor and the second plate conductor and between the second plate conductor and the third plate conductor, respectively.
The antenna device according to claim 1. As the plurality of pairs of plate-like conductors, first to fourth plate-like conductors are provided,
Between the first plate-like conductor and the second plate-like conductor, between the second plate-like conductor and the third plate-like conductor, and between the third plate-like conductor and the fourth plate-like conductor. The center conductor is disposed between each of the plate-shaped conductors,
The antenna device according to claim 1. A movable dielectric is disposed between a pair of plate conductors of the plurality of pairs of plate conductors and the central conductor disposed between the pair of plate conductors,
The movable dielectric constitutes a phase shifter capable of changing the phase of the high-frequency signal distributed to the plurality of antenna elements by moving with respect to the central conductor.
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The plurality of antenna elements are fixed to one plate-like conductor located in the outermost layer among the plurality of pairs of plate-like conductors,
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The plurality of antenna elements are fixed to one plate-like conductor located in the outermost layer among the plurality of pairs of plate-like conductors,
The moving mechanism for moving the movable dielectric is configured to move the plate-like conductor in the outermost layer opposite to the one plate-like conductor to which the antenna element is fixed, of the plurality of pairs of plate-like conductors. Placed between the dielectric and the
The antenna device according to claim 4. The transmission line, the plurality of antenna elements, and the moving mechanism are arranged in a cylindrical radome,
The plurality of pairs of plate-like conductors have a long plate shape having a longitudinal direction in a central axis direction of the radome.
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The central conductor is formed by a metal foil provided on the surface of a substrate made of a dielectric,
The substrate is supported between the plate-shaped conductors that are paired with the substrate interposed therebetween.
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. A cylindrical holding member made of an insulating material that is inserted into the insertion hole formed in the plate-like conductor and holds the connection member;
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 . The holding member has a large-diameter cylindrical portion and a small-diameter cylindrical portion in which a holding hole for holding the connection member is formed, and a step surface between the large-diameter cylindrical portion and the small-diameter cylindrical portion is the plate-like conductor. Opposite
The antenna device according to claim 9 . The inclination of the connecting member with respect to the plate-like conductor is regulated within 3 ° by the holding member,
The antenna device according to claim 9 or 10 . A distance between at least one of the plurality of ground conductors and the connection member is 3.0 mm or less;
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 11 . A notch for accommodating an end portion of the central conductor connected by the connection member is formed, and further includes a metal fitting made of a conductive metal fixed in contact with the plate-shaped conductor,
The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 . The center conductor is formed such that the conductor width in the portion accommodated in the notch of the metal fitting is narrower than the conductor width in the other portion.
The antenna device according to claim 13 .