JP6328838B1 - Paint color evaluation apparatus and paint color evaluation method - Google Patents
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- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 metallic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
- H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
- H04N1/60—Colour correction or control
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Abstract
【課題】メタリック系やパール系の塗装であっても、光輝材や下地材の色の評価を分離して行うことができ、高い信頼性で塗装色を評価することができる塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法を提供する。【解決手段】光源11が、塗装面1に対して所定の角度でコリメート光を照射可能に設けられている。画像取得手段12が、塗装面1上のコリメート光の照射位置に対し、3以上の複数の反射角度からのコリメート光の反射光による画像をそれぞれ取得可能に設けられている。色評価手段13が、画像取得手段12で取得された各画像について、所定の輝度よりも輝度が小さい低輝度領域と、輝度が大きい高輝度領域とに分けた後、低輝度領域の輝度の平均値と高輝度領域の輝度の平均値とを求め、求められた全ての画像の各平均値に基づいて、塗装面1の塗装色を評価するよう構成されている。【選択図】図1An object of the present invention is to provide a paint color evaluation apparatus capable of separating the evaluation of the color of a glittering material or a base material, and evaluating the paint color with high reliability, even in the case of metallic or pearl coating. Provide a paint color evaluation method. A light source 11 is provided so as to irradiate collimated light at a predetermined angle with respect to a painted surface 1. An image acquisition unit 12 is provided so as to be able to acquire images of reflected light of collimated light from a plurality of reflection angles of three or more with respect to the irradiation position of collimated light on the painted surface 1. After the color evaluation unit 13 divides each image acquired by the image acquisition unit 12 into a low luminance region whose luminance is lower than a predetermined luminance and a high luminance region whose luminance is large, the average luminance of the low luminance region A value and an average value of the luminance of the high luminance region are obtained, and the paint color of the paint surface 1 is evaluated based on the obtained average values of all the images. [Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a paint color evaluation apparatus and a paint color evaluation method.
現在、自動車の塗装は、大きく分けて、ソリッド系、メタリック系、パール系の3種類に分類できる。これらの中でも、近年、メタリック系、パール系の塗装が多く採用されるようになってきている。このメタリック系やパール系の塗装は、ソリッド系の塗料に、微粒なアルミ片やマイカを混ぜたものを塗装し、さらにその上に透明なクリア塗装を施したものである。メタリック系やパール系の塗装は、アルミ片を混ぜることにより、キラキラ輝く感じを出すとともに、塗装面に微妙な凹凸を作って、見る角度により色が変わって見えるという効果が得られる。 Currently, automobile paints can be broadly classified into three types: solid, metallic, and pearl. Among these, in recent years, a lot of metallic and pearl coatings have been adopted. This metallic or pearl coating is a solid paint mixed with fine aluminum pieces or mica, and then a clear clear coating on it. Metallic and pearl-based paints can produce a sparkling sensation by mixing aluminum pieces, creating subtle irregularities on the painted surface, and the effect of changing the color depending on the viewing angle.
このメタリック系やパール系の塗装は、見る角度により色が変わることから、ソリッド系の塗装と比べて、色の管理が非常に困難である。そこで、従来、メタリック系やパール系の測色方法として、色の変化を考慮して、複数の角度の入射光や反射光を利用して測色を行う、市販の測色計が使用されている。このような市販の測色計としては、例えば、塗装面に対して45°の角度から光を照射し、その照射光に対して15°、45°、110°の3つの角度の反射光を受光して測色を行う、X−Rite製「MA98」(例えば、非特許文献1参照)や、塗装面の法線に対して25°、45°、75°の3つの角度からマルチアングルで光を照射し、塗装面に対して垂直な方向で、それらの反射光を受光して測色を行う、コニカミノルタ社の3角度・リング照明マルチアングル分光測色計(例えば、非特許文献2参照)などがある。 Since the color of the metallic or pearl coating changes depending on the viewing angle, it is very difficult to manage the color compared to the solid coating. Therefore, in the past, commercially available colorimeters that measure colors using incident light and reflected light at multiple angles in consideration of color changes have been used as metallic and pearl color measurement methods. Yes. As such a commercially available colorimeter, for example, light is irradiated from an angle of 45 ° to the painted surface, and reflected light of three angles of 15 °, 45 °, and 110 ° is applied to the irradiated light. “MA98” manufactured by X-Rite (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1) that performs light measurement by receiving light and multi-angle from three angles of 25 °, 45 °, and 75 ° with respect to the normal of the painted surface Konica Minolta's three-angle / ring-illumination multi-angle spectrocolorimeter (for example, Non-Patent Document 2) that measures light by irradiating light and receiving reflected light in a direction perpendicular to the painted surface. See).
また、メタリック系の塗装色を評価する方法として、塗装面に対する少なくとも二つの変角における明度と彩度とを利用して、塗装色を客観的に評価する方法も開発されている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。 In addition, as a method for evaluating a metallic paint color, a method for objectively evaluating a paint color using lightness and saturation at at least two angles of change with respect to a painted surface has been developed (for example, patents). Reference 1).
なお、プリズムを利用して複数の角度からの光を集光することにより、1台の画像カメラで複数の画像を同時に取得することができる、「CHROVIT(登録商標);クロビット」という技術が、(株)テクニカル社により開発されている(例えば、非特許文献3参照)。 In addition, a technique called “CHROVIT (registered trademark); clobit”, which can simultaneously acquire a plurality of images with one image camera by condensing light from a plurality of angles using a prism, Developed by Technical Co., Ltd. (see Non-Patent Document 3, for example).
非特許文献1および2に記載のような市販の測色計は、得られた結果が、通常行われている官能検査による判定結果と異なることが頻繁にあり、信頼性に欠けるという課題があった。また、市販の測色計は、分光計測であるため、塗装面を1つの色としてしか評価することができず、アルミ片やマイカ等の光輝材や下地材の色の評価を分離して行うことはできないという課題もあった。また、特許文献1に記載の方法は、塗装色の意匠性を定量的に評価するものであり、色自体を測定することはできないという課題があった。 Commercially available colorimeters such as those described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that the obtained results are often different from the judgment results obtained by the usual sensory test, and are not reliable. It was. In addition, since a commercially available colorimeter is a spectroscopic measurement, it can evaluate the painted surface only as one color, and separately evaluates the color of glittering materials such as aluminum pieces and mica and the base material. There was also a problem that it was not possible. In addition, the method described in Patent Document 1 quantitatively evaluates the design properties of the paint color, and there is a problem that the color itself cannot be measured.
本発明は、このような課題に着目してなされたもので、メタリック系やパール系の塗装であっても、光輝材や下地材の色の評価を分離して行うことができ、高い信頼性で塗装色を評価することができる塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems, and even in metallic and pearl-based coatings, the evaluation of the color of the glittering material and the base material can be performed separately, and high reliability. An object of the present invention is to provide a paint color evaluation apparatus and a paint color evaluation method capable of evaluating a paint color.
上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る塗装色評価装置は、塗装面に対して所定の角度でコリメート光を照射可能に設けられた光源と、前記塗装面上の前記コリメート光の照射位置に対し、3以上の複数の反射角度からの前記コリメート光の反射光による画像をそれぞれ取得する画像取得手段と、前記画像取得手段で取得された各画像について、所定の輝度よりも輝度が小さい低輝度領域と、前記所定の輝度より輝度が大きい高輝度領域とに分けた後、前記低輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記高輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記低輝度領域と前記高輝度領域との比率とを求め、求められた全ての画像の各平均値と前記比率とに基づいて、前記塗装面の塗装色を評価する色評価手段とを、有することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, a paint color evaluation apparatus according to the present invention includes a light source provided so as to be able to irradiate collimated light at a predetermined angle with respect to a painted surface, and an irradiation position of the collimated light on the painted surface. On the other hand, for each of the images acquired by the reflected light of the collimated light from a plurality of reflection angles of 3 or more, and for each image acquired by the image acquisition unit, the luminance is lower than a predetermined luminance. a luminance region, after divided into the predetermined high-brightness region luminance is greater than the brightness, the low and the average value of the luminance of luminance region, and the average value of the luminance of the high luminance region, the high and the low luminance region And a color evaluation unit that obtains a ratio to a luminance area and evaluates a paint color of the painted surface based on each of the obtained average values of the images and the ratio .
本発明に係る塗装色評価方法は、光源から塗装面に対して所定の角度でコリメート光を照射する光照射工程と、前記塗装面上の前記コリメート光の照射位置に対し、3以上の複数の反射角度からの前記コリメート光の反射光による画像をそれぞれ取得する画像取得工程と、前記画像取得工程で取得された各画像について、所定の輝度よりも輝度が小さい低輝度領域と、前記所定の輝度より輝度が大きい高輝度領域とに分けた後、前記低輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記高輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記低輝度領域と前記高輝度領域との比率とを求め、求められた全ての画像の各平均値と前記比率とに基づいて、前記塗装面の塗装色を評価する色評価工程とを、有することを特徴とする。
The coating color evaluation method according to the present invention includes a light irradiation step of irradiating collimated light at a predetermined angle with respect to a coating surface from a light source, and a plurality of three or more plurality of irradiation positions of the collimated light on the coating surface. An image acquisition step for acquiring an image by reflected light of the collimated light from a reflection angle, a low-brightness region having a luminance lower than a predetermined luminance for each image acquired in the image acquisition step, and the predetermined luminance after divided into more brightness is large high-luminance region, determined the average value of the luminance of the low luminance region and the average value of the luminance of the high luminance region, and a ratio of the low luminance region and the high-brightness region And a color evaluation step for evaluating the paint color of the paint surface based on the average values of all the obtained images and the ratio .
本発明に係る塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法は、いかなる塗装に対しても使用することができるが、メタリック系やパール系の塗装に使用されると効果的である。すなわち、本発明に係る塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法は、得られた各画像について、低輝度領域と高輝度領域とに分け、各領域の輝度の平均値を求めるため、メタリック系やパール系の塗装の下地材の色を、低輝度領域の輝度の平均値から評価し、メタリック系やパール系の塗装の光輝材の色を、高輝度領域の輝度の平均値から評価することができる。 The paint color evaluation apparatus and paint color evaluation method according to the present invention can be used for any paint, but it is effective when used for metallic or pearl paint. That is, the paint color evaluation apparatus and the paint color evaluation method according to the present invention divide each obtained image into a low brightness area and a high brightness area, and obtain an average value of brightness in each area. The color of the base material of the paint system can be evaluated from the average value of the luminance in the low luminance region, and the color of the glitter material of the metallic or pearl type paint can be evaluated from the average value of the luminance in the high luminance region. .
このように、本発明に係る塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法は、光輝材や下地材の色の評価を分離して行うことができるため、高い信頼性で塗装色を評価することができる。また、本発明に係る塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法は、3以上の複数の反射光からの画像を利用するため、角度による色の変化も把握することができ、塗装色の評価の信頼性をより高めることができる。また、各角度の反射光の相関関係を評価することにより、色の深み等を定量的に評価できるようになるため、さらに高い信頼性で、メタリック系やパール系の塗装色の評価を行うことができる。 As described above, the paint color evaluation apparatus and the paint color evaluation method according to the present invention can separately evaluate the color of the glitter material and the base material, and thus can evaluate the paint color with high reliability. . In addition, since the paint color evaluation apparatus and paint color evaluation method according to the present invention uses images from three or more reflected lights, it is possible to grasp the change in color depending on the angle, and the reliability of the paint color evaluation The sex can be increased. In addition, by evaluating the correlation of reflected light at each angle, it becomes possible to quantitatively evaluate the color depth, etc., so that metallic and pearl paint colors can be evaluated with higher reliability. Can do.
本発明に係る塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法は、取得した画像を利用することにより、塗装色の評価の他に、様々な評価を行ってもよい。例えば、高輝度領域の分布から、光輝材の分布を評価することもできる。本発明に係る塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法で、得られた各画像からの塗装色の評価には、コンピュータを利用することが好ましい。また、画像を取得する画像取得手段は、画像を取得可能なものであればいかなるものであってもよく、例えば、CMOSセンサを用いることができる。 The paint color evaluation apparatus and paint color evaluation method according to the present invention may perform various evaluations in addition to the paint color evaluation by using the acquired image. For example, the distribution of the glittering material can be evaluated from the distribution of the high luminance region. In the paint color evaluation apparatus and the paint color evaluation method according to the present invention, it is preferable to use a computer for evaluating the paint color from each image obtained. The image acquisition means for acquiring an image may be anything as long as it can acquire an image. For example, a CMOS sensor can be used.
本発明に係る塗装色評価装置は、各反射角度からの前記コリメート光の反射光のそれぞれが、前記画像取得手段の受光面を複数の受光領域に分割したときの、互いに異なる1つの受光領域で受光されるよう、各反射光を前記受光面に誘導する光集約手段を有し、前記画像取得手段は、前記受光面の各受光領域で受光した各反射角度からの反射光により、各画像を取得可能であってもよい。本発明に係る塗装色評価方法で、前記画像取得工程は、各反射角度からの前記コリメート光の反射光のそれぞれが、画像を取得するための受光面を複数の受光領域に分割したときの、互いに異なる1つの受光領域で受光されるよう、各反射光を前記受光面に誘導し、前記受光面の各受光領域で受光した各反射角度からの反射光により、各画像を取得してもよい。この場合、1つの画像取得手段により、複数の反射光からの画像を同時に取得することができる。各反射光を受光面に誘導する光集約手段としては、例えば、非特許文献3に記載のクロビットの技術を用いることができる。これにより、装置自体を小型化することができ、例えば、自動車の製造工程に組み込んで、外装の塗装色の全数検査に対応することができる。 In the paint color evaluation apparatus according to the present invention, each of the reflected lights of the collimated light from each reflection angle is obtained by one different light receiving area when the light receiving surface of the image acquisition unit is divided into a plurality of light receiving areas. A light aggregating means for guiding each reflected light to the light receiving surface so as to be received, and the image acquiring means receives each image from the reflected light from each reflection angle received by each light receiving area of the light receiving surface. It may be obtainable. In the paint color evaluation method according to the present invention, the image acquisition step includes a case where each of the reflected lights of the collimated light from each reflection angle divides a light receiving surface for acquiring an image into a plurality of light receiving regions. Each reflected light may be guided to the light receiving surface so as to be received by one different light receiving region, and each image may be acquired by reflected light from each reflection angle received by each light receiving region of the light receiving surface. . In this case, images from a plurality of reflected lights can be simultaneously acquired by one image acquisition unit. As the light aggregating means for guiding each reflected light to the light receiving surface, for example, the clobit technique described in Non-Patent Document 3 can be used. Thereby, the apparatus itself can be reduced in size, for example, it can incorporate in the manufacturing process of a motor vehicle and can respond | correspond to 100% inspection of the coating color of an exterior.
本発明によれば、メタリック系やパール系の塗装であっても、光輝材や下地材の色の評価を分離して行うことができ、高い信頼性で塗装色を評価することができる塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, even in the case of metallic or pearl-based coating, the color of the glittering material or the base material can be separately evaluated, and the coating color can be evaluated with high reliability. An evaluation apparatus and a paint color evaluation method can be provided.
以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
図1乃至図5は、本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置および塗装色評価方法を示している。
図1に示すように、本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置10は、光源11と画像取得手段12と色評価手段13とを有している。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 5 show a paint color evaluation apparatus and a paint color evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a paint color evaluation apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a light source 11, an image acquisition unit 12, and a color evaluation unit 13.
光源11は、測定対象となる塗装面1に対して、所定の角度でコリメート光を照射可能に設けられている。光源は、例えば、LED照明から成る。画像取得手段12は、複数のCMOSセンサから成り、光源11から照射されたコリメート光の塗装面1上の照射位置に対し、3以上の複数の反射角度からのコリメート光の反射光による画像をそれぞれ取得可能に配置されている。なお、図1に示す具体的な一例では、画像取得手段12は4台から成り、4つの反射角度の反射光の画像を取得可能になっているが、3つ以上の反射角度であれば、3台であっても5台であっても、それ以上であってもよい。また、複数の反射角度は、必要に応じて任意に設定すればよい。 The light source 11 is provided so that it can irradiate collimated light at a predetermined angle with respect to the painted surface 1 to be measured. The light source is composed of, for example, LED illumination. The image acquisition means 12 is composed of a plurality of CMOS sensors, and each of the images of the reflected light of the collimated light from a plurality of reflection angles of three or more with respect to the irradiation position on the painting surface 1 of the collimated light irradiated from the light source 11. Arranged to be obtainable. In the specific example shown in FIG. 1, the image acquisition means 12 includes four units and can acquire images of reflected light with four reflection angles. There may be three, five, or more. Moreover, what is necessary is just to set a some reflection angle arbitrarily as needed.
色評価手段13は、コンピュータから成り、各画像取得手段12に接続されて、各画像取得手段12で取得された複数の反射角度からの画像を入力可能になっている。色評価手段13は、入力された各画像について、あらかじめ設定した所定の輝度(輝度閾値)よりも輝度が小さい低輝度領域と、輝度が大きい高輝度領域とに分けた後、低輝度領域の輝度の平均値と高輝度領域の輝度の平均値とを求めると共に、低輝度領域と高輝度領域との比率を求めるようになっている。また、色評価手段13は、求められた全ての画像の各領域の輝度の平均値と比率とに基づいて、塗装面1の塗装色を評価するようになっている。色評価手段13は、例えば、各領域の輝度の平均値と比率とを、あらかじめ設定した基準値と比較するなどして、塗装色の評価を行うようになっている。 The color evaluation unit 13 includes a computer and is connected to each image acquisition unit 12 so that images from a plurality of reflection angles acquired by each image acquisition unit 12 can be input. The color evaluation unit 13 divides each input image into a low-brightness area having a lower brightness than a predetermined brightness (brightness threshold) set in advance and a high-brightness area having a higher brightness, and then the brightness of the low-brightness area. And the average value of the luminance of the high luminance area are obtained, and the ratio of the low luminance area to the high luminance area is obtained. Moreover, the color evaluation means 13 evaluates the paint color of the painting surface 1 based on the average value and ratio of the brightness | luminance of each area | region of all the calculated | required images. The color evaluation unit 13 evaluates the paint color by, for example, comparing the average value and ratio of the luminance of each area with a preset reference value.
本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価方法は、本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置10により好適に実施され、例えば、図2に示すフローに従って、塗装色の評価を行うことができる。すなわち、まず、図2(a)に示すように、システムを初期化し(ステップ21)、塗装面1からの反射光の撮像を行う(ステップ22)。撮像では、まず、塗装面1に対して光源11からコリメート光を照射し、その反射光を各画像取得手段12で撮影し、複数の反射角度からの画像を取得する。次に、色評価手段13により、画像毎に側色処理を行う(ステップ23)。 The paint color evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention is suitably implemented by the paint color evaluation apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the paint color can be evaluated according to the flow shown in FIG. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the system is initialized (step 21), and the reflected light from the painted surface 1 is imaged (step 22). In imaging, first, collimated light is emitted from the light source 11 to the painted surface 1, and the reflected light is photographed by each image acquisition unit 12 to acquire images from a plurality of reflection angles. Next, the color evaluation means 13 performs side color processing for each image (step 23).
図2(b)に示すように、測色処理では、まず、対象とする画像の各画素に対し、輝度を算出する(ステップ24)。ここで、輝度は、画素中のR画素の輝度値と、Gr画素の輝度値とGb画素の輝度値の平均値と、B画素の輝度値との和として算出する。次に、各画素の輝度が輝度閾値よりも大きいか小さいかを判定し(ステップ25)、輝度閾値より小さい画素を、低輝度領域に振り分けて、R画素、G画素、B画素のそれぞれについて、輝度値を加算していく(ステップ26)。また、輝度閾値以上の画素を、高輝度領域に振り分けて、R画素、G画素、B画素のそれぞれについて、輝度値を加算していく(ステップ27)。ここで、G画素では、Gr画素の輝度値とGb画素の輝度値の平均値を、G画素の輝度値として加算する。実際に得られた画像の一例を、図3に示す。図3に示すように、低輝度領域(低輝度部)および高輝度領域(高輝度部)が明瞭に認められることがわかる。 As shown in FIG. 2B, in the color measurement process, first, the luminance is calculated for each pixel of the target image (step 24). Here, the luminance is calculated as the sum of the luminance value of the R pixel in the pixel, the average value of the luminance value of the Gr pixel, the luminance value of the Gb pixel, and the luminance value of the B pixel. Next, it is determined whether the luminance of each pixel is larger or smaller than the luminance threshold (step 25), the pixels smaller than the luminance threshold are distributed to the low luminance area, and each of the R pixel, G pixel, and B pixel is Luminance values are added (step 26). Further, the pixels having the luminance threshold value or more are allocated to the high luminance region, and the luminance value is added to each of the R pixel, G pixel, and B pixel (step 27). Here, in the G pixel, the average value of the luminance value of the Gr pixel and the luminance value of the Gb pixel is added as the luminance value of the G pixel. An example of an actually obtained image is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that a low luminance region (low luminance portion) and a high luminance region (high luminance portion) are clearly recognized.
対象とする画像の全ての画素についてステップ24〜ステップ27を行い、低輝度領域および高緯度領域のそれぞれについて、R画素、G画素、B画素の輝度値の加算値を求める。最後の画素を処理した後、低輝度領域および高輝度領域のR画素、G画素、B画素の輝度値の平均値をそれぞれ求める(ステップ28)。また、低輝度領域と高輝度領域との比率(低輝度領域の画素数/高輝度領域の画素数)も求める。 Steps 24 to 27 are performed for all the pixels of the target image, and the addition values of the luminance values of the R pixel, the G pixel, and the B pixel are obtained for each of the low luminance region and the high latitude region. After processing the last pixel, average values of the luminance values of the R pixel, the G pixel, and the B pixel in the low luminance region and the high luminance region are obtained (step 28). Further, the ratio of the low luminance region to the high luminance region (number of pixels in the low luminance region / number of pixels in the high luminance region) is also obtained.
図2(a)に示すように、全ての画像について、図2(b)に示す測色処理を行ったならば、各画像の低輝度領域および高輝度領域のR画素、G画素、B画素の輝度値の平均値、ならびに、低輝度領域と高輝度領域との比率を出力し(ステップ29)、それらの出力値を、あらかじめ設定した基準値と比較して、塗装色の評価を行う(ステップ30)。こうして、本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置10および塗装色評価方法により、塗装色の評価を行うことができる。 As shown in FIG. 2 (a), if the colorimetric processing shown in FIG. 2 (b) is performed for all the images, the R pixel, G pixel, and B pixel of the low luminance region and the high luminance region of each image. The average value of the brightness values and the ratio between the low brightness area and the high brightness area are output (step 29), and the output values are compared with a preset reference value to evaluate the paint color ( Step 30). Thus, the paint color can be evaluated by the paint color evaluation apparatus 10 and the paint color evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置10および塗装色評価方法は、いかなる塗装に対しても使用することができるが、メタリック系やパール系の塗装に使用されると特に効果的である。本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置10および塗装色評価方法は、メタリック系やパール系の塗装の下地材の色を、低輝度領域のR画素、G画素、B画素の輝度値の平均値から評価し、メタリック系やパール系の塗装の光輝材の色を、高輝度領域のR画素、G画素、B画素の輝度値の平均値から評価することができる。 The paint color evaluation apparatus 10 and the paint color evaluation method of the embodiment of the present invention can be used for any paint, but are particularly effective when used for a metallic or pearl paint. In the paint color evaluation apparatus 10 and the paint color evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the color of the base material of the metallic or pearl paint is the average of the luminance values of the R pixel, the G pixel, and the B pixel in the low luminance region. It is possible to evaluate from the average value of the luminance values of the R pixel, G pixel, and B pixel in the high luminance region.
このように、本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置10および塗装色評価方法は、光輝材や下地材の色の評価を分離して行うことができるため、高い信頼性で塗装色を評価することができる。また、本発明の実施の形態の塗装色評価装置10および塗装色評価方法は、3以上の複数の反射光からの画像を利用するため、角度による色の変化も把握することができる。また、各角度の反射光の相関関係を評価することにより、色の深み等を定量的に評価することもできる。 As described above, the paint color evaluation apparatus 10 and the paint color evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention can separately perform the evaluation of the color of the glitter material and the base material, and thus evaluate the paint color with high reliability. can do. Moreover, since the paint color evaluation apparatus 10 and the paint color evaluation method according to the embodiment of the present invention use images from three or more reflected lights, it is possible to grasp a change in color due to an angle. Further, by evaluating the correlation of reflected light at each angle, the color depth and the like can be quantitatively evaluated.
なお、図4に示すように、塗装色評価装置10は、各反射角度からのコリメート光の反射光のそれぞれを、プリズム15aを利用して1つの画像取得手段12の受光面12aに誘導する光集約手段15を有し、1つの画像取得手段12により全ての反射光からの画像を取得可能に構成されていてもよい。この場合、光集約手段15として、例えば、非特許文献3に記載のクロビットの技術を用いることができる。図5に示すように、光集約手段15は、例えば、画像取得手段12の受光面12aを複数の受光領域12bに分割したとき、各反射角度からの反射光を、互いに異なる1つの受光領域12bに誘導するようになっている。これにより、画像取得手段12は、受光面12aの各受光領域12bで受光した各反射角度からの反射光により、各画像を同時に取得することができる。また、画像取得手段12が1台でよいため、装置自体を小型化することができ、例えば、自動車の製造工程に組み込んで、外装の塗装色の全数検査に容易に対応することができる。 As shown in FIG. 4, the paint color evaluation apparatus 10 guides each reflected light of the collimated light from each reflection angle to the light receiving surface 12a of one image acquisition means 12 using the prism 15a. The aggregating unit 15 may be included, and the single image obtaining unit 12 may be configured to obtain images from all reflected light. In this case, for example, the clobit technique described in Non-Patent Document 3 can be used as the light aggregating means 15. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, when the light aggregating unit 15 divides the light receiving surface 12a of the image acquisition unit 12 into a plurality of light receiving regions 12b, reflected light from each reflection angle is different from one light receiving region 12b. To be guided to. Thereby, the image acquisition means 12 can acquire each image simultaneously by the reflected light from each reflection angle received by each light receiving area 12b of the light receiving surface 12a. Further, since only one image acquisition unit 12 is required, the apparatus itself can be downsized. For example, it can be incorporated into a manufacturing process of an automobile and can easily cope with 100% inspection of the exterior paint color.
10 塗装色評価装置
11 光源
12 画像取得手段
12a 受光面
12b 受光領域
13 色評価手段
15 光集約手段
15a プリズム
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Paint color evaluation apparatus 11 Light source 12 Image acquisition means 12a Light reception surface 12b Light reception area 13 Color evaluation means 15 Light aggregation means 15a Prism
Claims (4)
前記塗装面上の前記コリメート光の照射位置に対し、3以上の複数の反射角度からの前記コリメート光の反射光による画像をそれぞれ取得する画像取得手段と、
前記画像取得手段で取得された各画像について、所定の輝度よりも輝度が小さい低輝度領域と、前記所定の輝度より輝度が大きい高輝度領域とに分けた後、前記低輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記高輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記低輝度領域と前記高輝度領域との比率とを求め、求められた全ての画像の各平均値と前記比率とに基づいて、前記塗装面の塗装色を評価する色評価手段とを、
有することを特徴とする塗装色評価装置。 A light source provided to be able to irradiate collimated light at a predetermined angle with respect to the painted surface;
Image acquisition means for acquiring images of reflected light of the collimated light from a plurality of reflection angles of 3 or more with respect to the irradiation position of the collimated light on the painted surface,
For each image acquired by the image acquisition means, after dividing into a low-brightness area having a luminance lower than a predetermined luminance and a high-brightness region having a luminance higher than the predetermined luminance, the average luminance of the low-brightness region Value , an average value of the luminance of the high-luminance region, and a ratio of the low-luminance region and the high-luminance region, and based on the average value and the ratio of all the obtained images, Color evaluation means for evaluating the paint color of the surface,
A paint color evaluation apparatus comprising:
前記画像取得手段は、前記受光面の各受光領域で受光した各反射角度からの反射光により、各画像を取得可能であることを
特徴とする請求項1記載の塗装色評価装置。 The reflected light of each collimated light from each reflection angle is received by one different light receiving area when the light receiving surface of the image acquisition means is divided into a plurality of light receiving areas. Having light collecting means for guiding to the light receiving surface;
The paint color evaluation apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the image acquisition means is capable of acquiring each image by reflected light from each reflection angle received by each light receiving region of the light receiving surface.
前記塗装面上の前記コリメート光の照射位置に対し、3以上の複数の反射角度からの前記コリメート光の反射光による画像をそれぞれ取得する画像取得工程と、
前記画像取得工程で取得された各画像について、所定の輝度よりも輝度が小さい低輝度領域と、前記所定の輝度より輝度が大きい高輝度領域とに分けた後、前記低輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記高輝度領域の輝度の平均値と、前記低輝度領域と前記高輝度領域との比率とを求め、求められた全ての画像の各平均値と前記比率とに基づいて、前記塗装面の塗装色を評価する色評価工程とを、
有することを特徴とする塗装色評価方法。 A light irradiation step of irradiating collimated light at a predetermined angle with respect to the painted surface from a light source;
An image acquisition step for acquiring images of reflected light of the collimated light from a plurality of reflection angles of 3 or more with respect to the irradiation position of the collimated light on the painted surface,
For each image acquired in the image acquisition step, after dividing the image into a low-brightness region having a luminance lower than a predetermined luminance and a high-brightness region having a luminance higher than the predetermined luminance, the average luminance of the low-brightness region Value , an average value of the luminance of the high-luminance region, and a ratio of the low-luminance region and the high-luminance region, and based on the average value and the ratio of all the obtained images, A color evaluation process for evaluating the paint color of the surface,
A paint color evaluation method comprising:
In the image acquisition step, each reflected light of the collimated light from each reflection angle is received by one different light receiving area when a light receiving surface for acquiring an image is divided into a plurality of light receiving areas. 4. The paint color evaluation according to claim 3 , wherein each reflected light is guided to the light receiving surface, and each image is obtained by reflected light from each reflection angle received by each light receiving region of the light receiving surface. Method.
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