JP6327993B2 - Subcritical water treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a subcritical water treatment method and apparatus for decomposing organic waste, sludge and the like using high temperature and high pressure saturated steam.

  As a conventional subcritical water treatment device, as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1, water is decomposed using high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam while stirring organic waste in a pressure-resistant vessel (pressure vessel). In addition, there is a processing apparatus that thermally decomposes.

  When processing such organic waste and sludge as described above using such a subcritical water treatment device, it must maintain a high temperature and high pressure for a long time before it is completely decomposed. There is a problem that the consumption of heat energy for water vapor and rotational energy for stirring becomes very large.

  In addition, as a result of maintaining a high temperature and high pressure state for a long time in the pressure vessel, for example, in the case of plants, it is decomposed to a low molecular weight, further decomposed from a state useful as a fertilizer, becomes a carbonized state and becomes mere garbage. There was a waste. In other words, a large amount of energy was consumed, resulting in excessive decomposition.

  Furthermore, it is necessary to increase the strength of the pressure vessel in order to withstand high temperatures and high pressures. As a result, there is a problem that the capacity of the pressure vessel is limited and the amount of processing per hour cannot be increased.

Japanese Patent No. 4751977

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and it is not necessary to excessively increase the temperature and pressure, can leave useful materials, and increase the size of organic waste and sludge. It is an object of the present invention to provide a subcritical water treatment method and a subcritical water treatment apparatus that can increase the throughput per hour and can significantly reduce the energy consumption for the treatment.

  As a result of diligent research, the present inventor has detected the timing at which the decomposition of a part of the treatment object starts in the process of subcritical water treatment of the treatment object made of organic waste or sludge, and It has been found that if the temperature at the decomposition start timing is maintained for a short period of time by controlling the supply of high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam at the timing, the other parts of the object to be processed can also be decomposed sequentially.

According to the inventor's experiment, the decomposition start temperature is generally 150 ° C. for rice straw, sewage sludge, etc., 180 ° C. for meat and fish, and 220 ° C. for plastic (excluding Si resin), and the pressure is Although it was 18 to 20 atmospheres, it was found that the maximum value of the decomposition heat exceeded the decomposition start temperature of the plastic even when the decomposition start temperature was 150 ° C.

  That is, this invention solves the said subject with the following Examples.

(1) A charging process in which an object to be treated is introduced into the pressure vessel from an inlet at the top of the pressure vessel, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is supplied into the pressure vessel, and the object to be treated in the pressure vessel is A subcritical water treatment process that decomposes by heating and pressurizing while stirring, and a process of opening the pressure vessel and taking out the object to be treated through the subcritical water treatment process. In the critical water treatment process, the temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel has risen in a straight line with a gentle slope almost proportional to the time, and the curved line or straight line has a slope of 20% or more larger than the slope. Is defined as a sudden rise, the timing at which the decomposition of a part of the object to be processed starts, and the temperature in the pressure vessel is within a range of 150 ° C. or higher. Temperature at one or more locations and pressure at one or more locations , 5 a step of detecting the rapid increase in temperature or pressure of one position, after the detection, the temperature of the pressure vessel, by adjusting the amount of water vapor supply, the temperature at the start of timing of the decomposition Maintained for 10 minutes, the process of promoting decomposition of the bonds of other parts by the heat of decomposition of part of the object to be treated , and the supply of water vapor after the lapse of 5 to 10 minutes, and the object to be treated A process of discharging water vapor in the pressure vessel after the other part of the product is decomposed , and a subcritical water treatment method.
(2) in a pressure vessel, and put the process of turning on the processing target from the pressure vessel upper part of the inlet, the hot into the pressure vessel, by supplying high-pressure steam, a processing object of the pressure vessel stirring heated, and pressurized subcritical water treatment processes decompose, open the pressure vessel, subcritical comprising a, a step of taking out the processing object passed through the excessive degree the subcritical water treatment This is a water treatment method, in which high-temperature and high-pressure steam is supplied into a pressure vessel, and when the object to be treated in the pressure vessel is heated and pressurized while stirring , it is gentle until almost until then. When the temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel, which has risen in a straight line with a large slope, rises along a curve or straight line having a slope that is 20% or more larger than the slope , temperature said processing object inception of the surge in pressure vessel The process is measured in advance for each type of inclusions definitive provided, before Kia critical water process is a temperature of between more than 0.99 ° C. in the pressure vessel, the temperature of one or more locations in said pressure vessel Among these, the process of detecting when the temperature at one point has reached the temperature at the start of the pre-measured rapid rise , and after the detection, the temperature in the pressure vessel is adjusted with the supply amount of water vapor By maintaining for 5 to 10 minutes at the temperature at the start of the sudden rise measured in advance at the timing of starting the decomposition of a part of the processing object, the heat of decomposition of a part of the processing object a step of prompting the degradation of connective portions, to stop the supply of Mizu蒸care after the 5-10 minutes, and, after decomposing other parts of the processing object, the steam in the pressure vessel And a discharge process characterized by having a discharge process Water treatment process.

( 3 ) A subcritical water treatment apparatus for injecting high-temperature and high-pressure steam into a pressure vessel and decomposing the object to be treated in the pressure vessel as a subcritical state. A steam supply device for supplying the steam, a plurality of stirring blades for stirring the processing object in the pressure vessel, a stirring device including a rotating shaft for driving the stirring blade, and a speed reduction of the rotating shaft. A motor driven through a machine, a water vapor control device that controls the water vapor supply device to control the amount of water vapor supplied to the pressure vessel, and an input of the processing object provided at the top of the pressure vessel An outlet for removing the processed object to be processed, and a steam inlet for injecting the high-temperature and high-pressure steam provided in the pressure container. And having The water vapor control apparatus receives a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of one or more locations in the pressure vessel, a pressure sensor that measures the pressure of one or more locations in the pressure vessel, and inputs of these sensor output signals. A control device main body and an on-off valve driving device for driving a steam on-off valve that adjusts the amount of water vapor supplied by the water vapor supply device based on a command signal from the control device main body. When the temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel, which has risen in a straight line with a gentle slope in proportion, rises along a curve or straight line with a slope of 20% or more larger than the slope, it is defined as a sudden rise. When the temperature of the inside of the pressure vessel exceeds 150 ° C., at least one of the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is When the temperature rises rapidly, the temperature at the start of the sudden rise in the pressure vessel is maintained for 5 to 10 minutes by adjusting the supply amount of water vapor to the on- off valve driving device, A command signal for controlling the steam on-off valve so as to promote decomposition of the coupling of other parts by the heat of decomposition of the part, and a command signal for closing the steam on-off valve after the elapse of 5 to 10 minutes outputs, and the processing from the other parts is the decomposition of physical objects, wherein the sub-critical water treatment apparatus characterized by being configured to output a signal for discharging the steam in the pressure vessel.
(4) high temperature within the pressure vessel, by injecting high-pressure steam, a processing object of the pressure vessel, a sub-critical water treatment apparatus for decomposing a A臨 field state, a high temperature in the pressure vessel, A steam supply device that supplies high-pressure steam , a plurality of stirring blades that stir the processing object in the pressure vessel, a stirring device that includes a rotating shaft that drives the stirring blade, and the rotating shaft. A motor driven via a speed reducer; a water vapor control device that controls the water vapor supply device to control the amount of water vapor supplied to the pressure vessel; and the processing object provided at the top of the pressure vessel . inlet, provided in a lower portion of said pressure vessel, outlet of order to take out the processing object processed, and, the provided pressure vessel, the hot, steam for injecting high-pressure steam An inlet, and Ri, the steam control unit comprises a temperature sensor for measuring one or more temperatures of locations in the pressure vessel, and pressure Sensor for measuring the pressure in one or more locations in the pressure vessel, these sensor output signals are input a control device main body which is, in accordance with a command signal from the controller body has a opening and closing valve driving apparatus for drive the steam on-off valve for adjusting the steam supply amount of the steam supply device, pressure vessel high temperature, by supplying high-pressure steam, the processing object with stirring warming of the pressure vessel, when pressurized, on the rise in proportion to approximately the time until it gently and kana slope of a straight line In addition, when the temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel rises along a curve or straight line having an inclination of 20% or more larger than the inclination, it is defined as a sudden increase . Species of inclusions in A storage unit that previously measured temperature of the abrupt upper temperature at the start is stored for each, and the storage temperature of the pressure vessel, corresponding to the type of inclusions in the processed object The temperature at the start of the sudden rise in the pressure vessel is adjusted to 5 to 5 by adjusting the supply amount of water vapor to the on-off valve driving device based on the output signal of the temperature sensor when the measured temperature is reached. and maintained for 10 minutes, the part of the heat of decomposition of the processing object, to urge the degradation of the binding of the other part, and outputs a command signal for controlling the vapor opening closed, and, the 5-10 After a lapse of minutes, a command signal for closing the steam on-off valve is output, and a signal for discharging the water vapor in the pressure vessel is output after the other part of the processing object is decomposed. Subcritical water treatment characterized by Science device.

  According to the present invention, the start of decomposition of the object to be treated by subcritical water is detected, and the supply amount of high-temperature and high-pressure steam is minimized so as to maintain the decomposition start temperature. With the energy consumption, the processing object can be decomposed by subcritical water treatment.

  Thereby, the maximum temperature and the maximum pressure can be lowered, and the subcritical water treatment apparatus can be enlarged. In addition, it has become possible to make the object to be treated useful without being excessively decomposed.

The block diagram which shows the subcritical water treatment apparatus which concerns on the Example of this invention. Front view showing details of the same subcritical water treatment system Side view Plan view Circuit diagram showing control system of subcritical water treatment equipment The flowchart which shows the decomposition | disassembly process of the process target object by the subcritical water treatment apparatus which concerns on the same Example.

  Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the subcritical water treatment apparatus 20 according to the first embodiment injects high-temperature and high-pressure steam into a pressure vessel 22, and radioactively contaminated soil and A processing object containing at least one of sludge is decomposed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5, the subcritical water treatment device 20 includes a pressure vessel 22, a steam supply device 24, a stirring device 26, a steam control device 30, and a rotary shaft control device 50. It is configured with.

  The pressure vessel 22 is provided with an inlet 22A for introducing the treatment object, an outlet 22B for discharging the treatment object after the subcritical water treatment, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is injected into the pressure vessel 22. 22C (two places) for injecting water vapor.

  The insertion port 22A is formed in a cylindrical shape projecting from the top of the pressure vessel 22, and is opened and closed by a clutch door 23A at the upper end.

  Reference numeral 22D in FIG. 1 denotes a steam discharge port. The steam discharge port 22D is formed in a cylindrical shape standing upward from the upper end of the pressure vessel 22, and discharges excess steam to the outside. ing. There is also a steam outlet 22E at the upper end of the cylindrical body.

  The outlet 22B is attached to the right end of the pressure vessel 22 so as to be inclined downward in FIG. 1, and is opened by a handle 22F so that the processing object after the subcritical water treatment can be discharged to the outside. . At this time, the rotating shaft 26A of the stirring device 26 is rotated so as to extrude the processing object inside in the direction of the outlet 22B.

  The steam supply device 24 supplies the high-temperature and high-pressure steam produced by the boiler 24A into the pressure vessel 22 from the steam inlet 22C via the pressure adjustment valve 24B and the steam on-off valve 36 (described later). Has been.

  The stirring device 26 includes a rotating shaft 26A disposed in the pressure vessel 22 so as to pass through substantially the center thereof horizontally, and a plurality of the rotating shafts 26A attached to the rotating shaft 26A so as to extend in the radial direction at a plurality of longitudinal positions. And a stirring blade 26B. The rotating shaft 26 </ b> A is driven from a motor 27 provided on the lower left side in FIG. 1 via a speed reducer 28 to stir the object to be processed in the pressure vessel 22.

  Here, during normal operation, the rotating shaft 26A is rotated in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction at regular intervals, and the stirring blade 26B removes the object to be processed from the outlet 22B side to the motor 27 direction. It is sent in the opposite direction.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the water vapor control device 30 includes temperature sensors 32 </ b> A and 32 </ b> B attached to three locations outside the pressure vessel 22, as well as pressure sensors 34 </ b> A attached to the upper outside of the pressure vessel 22. 34B, a steam opening / closing valve 36 for adjusting the amount of steam supplied to the steam inlet 22C, a steam discharge valve 37 for discharging steam in the pressure vessel 22, and a control device main body 40. ing.

  The temperature sensors 32 </ b> A and 32 </ b> B are configured to detect the temperature inside the pressure vessel 22, and the pressure sensors 34 </ b> A and 34 </ b> B are configured to detect the pressure inside the pressure vessel 22.

  Detection output signals from the temperature sensors 32A and 32B and the pressure sensors 34A and 34B are output to the control device main body 40.

  The control device main body 40 includes a CPU, and drives the steam on / off valve 36 via the on / off valve driving device 38 based on the detected temperature signal and the detected pressure signal from the temperature sensors 32A and 32B and the pressure sensors 34A and 34B. The amount of steam supplied into the pressure vessel 22 can be adjusted.

Rotation shaft controller 50, mounted on the rotation shaft 26A, and the rotational speed sensor 52A which detects the rotational speed, based on the sensor output signal from the torque sensor 52B for detecting the rotational torque of the rotation shaft 26A The rotation speed is controlled.

Specifically, the rotation shaft control device 50 has a constant product of the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 26A based on the output signal from the rotation speed sensor 52A and the rotation torque of the rotation shaft 26A based on the output signal from the rotation torque sensor 52B. The rotational speed of the rotary shaft 26A is controlled via the speed reducer 28 so as to be a value.

  Next, the process of decomposing marine waste by the subcritical water treatment apparatus 20 according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  The pressure vessel 22 is heated and pressurized with saturated steam, and since the pressure of the saturated steam has a certain relationship with the temperature, the numerical value of the pressure is not shown.

  First, the control device main body 40 and the rotary shaft control device 50 of the water vapor control device 30 in the subcritical water treatment device 20 are set as follows.

  The control device main body 40 measures the temperature and pressure in the pressure vessel 22 that is rising, and detects a sudden rise in temperature and pressure when the temperature of the sensor output signal of either of the temperature sensors 32A and 32B is 150 ° C. or higher. In order to maintain the temperature in the pressure vessel 22 at a temperature higher than the detected temperature at the start of the rapid increase for 5 to 10 minutes after detecting the rapid increase. The supply amount of the water vapor into the pressure vessel 22 is adjusted, and the supply of water vapor is stopped after the lapse of time.

The rotation shaft control device 50 controls the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 26A so that the product of the rotation torque and the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 26A is constant in the stirring device 26 that stirs the object to be decontaminated. Set it. Specifically, control is performed via the speed reducer 28 so that the product of the rotational speed detected by the rotational speed sensor 52A and the rotational torque detected by the rotational torque sensor 52B becomes a constant value.

  Next, as shown in step 101 of FIG. 7, the input port 22 </ b> A is opened, and a processing object that is a marine waste is input into the pressure vessel 22.

  In the next step 102, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam produced by the boiler 24A of the steam supply device 24 is injected into the pressure vessel 22 from the steam inlet 22C.

  Proceeding to step 103, the rotating shaft 26 </ b> A of the stirring device 26 is rotated by the motor 27, and stirring of the processing object is started in the pressure vessel 22. At this time, for example, in the case of a scallop uro (midgut line), the object to be treated is highly viscous, and in the case of a fish head or internal organs, it is a large lump. Therefore, a relatively large resistance is applied to the stirring blade 26B. . Accordingly, the resistance of the rotational torque of the rotating shaft 26A is increased, and the rotational speed is correspondingly decreased.

  In the next step 104, it is detected by at least one of the temperature sensors 32A and 32B that the temperature in the pressure vessel 22 has reached 150 ° C.

  At this time, the processing object in the pressure vessel 22 has a lower agitation resistance due to the entry of water vapor, that is, the rotational torque of the rotary shaft 26A is reduced, so that the rotational speed automatically increases (step 105). ). Therefore, the object to be treated is more frequently impacted by the agitating blade 26B and a lot of water vapor is mixed therein, and the object to be treated is heated uniformly and efficiently.

  As described above, when the object to be treated reaches 150 ° C. or higher, for example, organic cadmium contained in scallop shells and organic mercury contained in fish internal organs are separated from proteins and become non-toxic.

  When the protein is treated with subcritical water, it becomes an amino acid, but if the supply of water vapor is stopped or reduced at this stage, the progress of decomposition stops, and the amino acid can be used, for example, as a fertilizer or livestock feed.

  Further, when high-temperature and high-pressure steam is injected into the pressure vessel 22, in step 106, at least one of the temperature sensors 32A and 32B or the pressure sensors 34A and 34B Detects a sudden rise in pressure.

  Here, the sudden rise means that the temperature and pressure have risen in a straight line with a gentle slope in proportion to the time, but along a curve or straight line with a slope of 20% or more with respect to the slope. A rise is defined as a sudden rise.

  As a result of experiments, the present inventor has found that, as described above, the rapid increase in temperature and / or pressure in the pressure vessel 22 is caused by high-temperature and high-pressure steam when a part of the processing object starts to decompose in the pressure vessel 22. It is considered that heat of decomposition due to decomposition of some bonds of the object to be processed is added to the increase in temperature and / or pressure.

The present inventor has the decomposition initiation temperature, the phases differences depending on the type of material contained in the processing Target product, further the degradation even partially begins, by the heat of decomposition, sequentially even further different types of materials It was found that decomposition started and heating and pressurization with additional high-temperature and high-pressure steam became unnecessary.

  Furthermore, as a condition at this time, it has been found that if the temperature in the pressure vessel 22 is maintained for 5 to 10 minutes above the temperature at the start of the sudden rise, it is possible to ensure that the decomposition proceeds automatically in sequence. .

  That is, in the next step 107, the steam opening / closing operation is performed via the on-off valve driving device 38 by the input of a signal for detecting a sudden rise in temperature or pressure by the water vapor control device 30, the temperature sensors 32A, 32B and the pressure sensors 34A, 34B. The valve 36 is controlled to maintain the temperature in the pressure vessel 22 for 5 to 10 minutes above the temperature at the start of the sudden rise (see step 108).

  In the next step 109, the supply of steam is stopped and the steam is discharged from the steam discharge ports 22D and 22E to reduce the temperature and pressure in the pressure vessel 22, and the subcritical water treatment of the object to be treated is completed. .

  Next, it progresses to step 110, the outlet 22B of the pressure vessel 22 is opened, a process target object is taken out, and this is thermally radiated.

  In the above embodiment, the supply of water vapor is controlled based on the temperature (and / or pressure) change in the pressure vessel 22, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is based on other factors. It may be.

  For example, it may be based on a change in the balance of steam to the pressure vessel 22. Specifically, the supply of water vapor may be controlled with the difference between the steam supply amount and the steam discharge amount being reduced by 20% or more in 10 to 60 minutes as a factor. When the temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel 22 rises rapidly, the steam is not consumed for heating the object to be processed, and the discharge amount is rapidly reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the processing object is a marine waste, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the processing object is an agricultural agent waste such as rice straw, vegetable waste, hay, dead leaves, wood chips, It may be a branch, industrial waste such as vinyl sheet, waste plastic, waste paper, papermaking residue, food waste such as leftover food. However, the Si resin remains as a lump without being decomposed.

  In addition, rice straw, papers, dead grass and the like have a lower decomposition initiation temperature than protein, so that rice straw or the like may be added when aquatic waste is treated with subcritical water.

  It can be used for waste disposal in various fields such as agriculture, forestry and fisheries, food industry and chemical industry.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Subcritical water treatment apparatus 22 ... Pressure vessel 22A ... Inlet 22B ... Outlet 22C ... Steam inlet 22D, 22E ... Steam outlet 23A ... Clutch door 24 ... Steam supply device 24A ... Boiler 24B ... Pressure regulating valve 26 ... Stirring device 26A ... rotating shaft 26B ... stirring blade 27 ... motor 28 ... speed reducer 30 ... water vapor control device 32A, 32B ... temperature sensor 34A, 34B ... pressure sensor 36 ... steam on / off valve 37 ... steam discharge valve 38 ... on / off valve driving device 40 ... Control device body 50 ... Rotating shaft control device 52A ... Rotational speed sensor 52B ... Rotational torque sensor

Claims (10)

A charging process in which an object to be treated is introduced into the pressure vessel from an inlet at the top of the pressure vessel, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is supplied into the pressure vessel, and the object to be treated in the pressure vessel is stirred. A subcritical water treatment process that decomposes by heating and pressurization, and a process of opening the pressure vessel and taking out the processing object through the subcritical water treatment process,
The subcritical water treatment process includes:
The temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel, which had risen in a straight line with a gentle slope in proportion to the time until then, rises along a curve or straight line with a slope that is 20% or more larger than the slope. Is defined as a sudden rise, the timing at which decomposition of a part of the object to be processed starts, and the temperature in the pressure vessel is within a range of 150 ° C. or more, and the temperature at one or more locations in the pressure vessel. And a process of detecting from a sudden rise in temperature or pressure at one of the one or more pressures;
After the detection, the temperature in the pressure vessel is maintained at the temperature at the timing of the decomposition for 5 to 10 minutes by adjusting the supply amount of water vapor, and a part of the processing object is decomposed. The process of promoting the decomposition of bonds in other parts by heat,
A process of stopping the supply of water vapor after the lapse of 5 to 10 minutes and discharging the water vapor in the pressure vessel after the other part of the processing object is decomposed ;
A subcritical water treatment method characterized by comprising: A charging process in which an object to be treated is introduced into the pressure vessel from an inlet at the top of the pressure vessel, Supply high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the container, and heat the processing object in the pressure container while stirring. The subcritical water treatment process that decomposes by pressurization and the subcritical water treatment process by opening the pressure vessel A process of taking out the treated object, and a subcritical water treatment method comprising:
Supply high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the pressure vessel, and stir the object to be processed in the pressure vessel. When heating and pressurizing, it had risen in a straight line with a gentle slope almost proportional to the time. The temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel is a curve having an inclination of 20% or more larger than the inclination or When rising along a straight line is defined as a sudden rise, the sudden rise in the pressure vessel The temperature at the start of the ascentIn advance for each type of inclusion in the object to be treatedSet up a process to measure The
The subcritical water treatment process includes:
In the range where the temperature in the pressure vessel is 150 ° C. or higher,In the pressure vesselOne or more locationstemperature One of themWhen the temperature reaches the pre-measured temperature at the start of the sudden riseDetect The process of
After said detectionThe temperature in the pressure vessel,By adjusting the supply amount of water vapor, Some of the objects to be processedAt the start of decompositionAt the start of the pre-measured spike ofThe process of maintaining the temperature for 5 to 10 minutes and promoting the decomposition of the bonds of other parts by the heat of decomposition of the part of the objectWhen,
Stop the supply of water vapor after the elapse of 5 to 10 minutes, and other part of the processing object A process of discharging water vapor in the pressure vessel after being decomposed;
HaveA subcritical water treatment method characterized by the above. In claim 2 ,
Wherein among the previously measured temperature, when the temperature of the jump start of the jump start temperature lowest had a type of the content of is measured, the temperature of the pressure vessel, the sudden increase start A subcritical water treatment method, comprising maintaining a temperature at the time for 5 to 10 minutes, and starting a process of promoting decomposition of bonds in other parts by heat of decomposition of a part of the object to be treated.   In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
  The adjustment of the supply amount of the steam is performed by additional steam from the timing of the start of the decomposition. A subcritical water treatment method, which is carried out without heating and pressurization. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4 ,
The rotating shaft of the stirring device that stirs the object to be processed is driven from the motor through the speed reducer, and the product of the rotational torque and the rotational speed of the rotating shaft is made constant through the speed reducer. And controlling the rotational speed of the rotary shaft. In claim 5 ,
The temperature and pressure in the pressure vessel are satisfied when one of the conditions that the temperature in the pressure vessel exceeds 150 ° C. and the fluctuation range of the rotational torque of the rotary shaft becomes a certain value or less is satisfied. A subcritical water treatment method characterized by starting detection of at least one of the sudden rises. A subcritical water treatment apparatus for injecting high-temperature and high-pressure steam into a pressure vessel and decomposing a treatment object in the pressure vessel as a subcritical state,
A steam supply device for supplying high-temperature, high-pressure steam into the pressure vessel;
In the pressure vessel, a plurality of stirring blades for stirring the object to be processed, and a stirring device including a rotating shaft for driving the stirring blades;
A motor that drives the rotating shaft via a speed reducer;
A water vapor control device that controls the water vapor supply device to control the amount of water vapor supplied to the pressure vessel;
Provided in the pressure vessel, provided in the upper portion of the pressure vessel, provided in the lower portion of the pressure vessel, and provided in the lower portion of the pressure vessel for taking out the processed treatment object. A steam inlet for injecting the high-temperature, high-pressure steam;
Having
The water vapor control device includes a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of one or more locations in the pressure vessel, a pressure sensor that measures the pressure of one or more locations in the pressure vessel, and a control to which these sensor output signals are input. An apparatus main body, and an on-off valve driving device for driving a steam on-off valve that adjusts the amount of water vapor supplied by the water vapor supply device based on a command signal from the control device main body,
The temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel, which had risen in a straight line with a gentle slope in proportion to the time until then, rises along a curve or straight line with a slope that is 20% or more larger than the slope. Is defined as a sudden rise, when the temperature inside the pressure vessel exceeds 150 ° C., at least one of the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the pressure detected by the pressure sensor suddenly rises. By adjusting the supply amount of water vapor to the on-off valve driving device, the temperature at the start of the sudden rise in the pressure vessel is maintained for 5 to 10 minutes, and the partial decomposition heat of the processing object To output a command signal for controlling the steam on-off valve so as to promote disassembly of other parts, and to close the steam on-off valve after the elapse of 5 to 10 minutes. Outputs, and the processing other portions et al or by decomposition of the object, the sub-critical water treatment apparatus characterized by being configured to output a signal for discharging the steam in the pressure vessel. High temperature pressure vessel, by injecting high-pressure steam, a processing object of the pressure vessel, a sub-critical water treatment apparatus for decomposing a subcritical state,
A steam supply device for supplying high-temperature, high-pressure steam into the pressure vessel;
In the pressure vessel, a plurality of stirring blades for stirring the object to be processed, and a stirring device including a rotating shaft for driving the stirring blades ;
A motor that drives the rotating shaft via a speed reducer;
A water vapor control device that controls the water vapor supply device to control the amount of water vapor supplied to the pressure vessel ;
Wherein provided on the upper portion of the pressure vessel, inlet of the processing object, said kicked set at the bottom of the pressure vessel, outlet for taking out the processing object processed, and, provided in the pressure vessel et a, and the hot, steam injection port for injecting the high pressure steam,
Having
The water vapor control device includes a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of one or more locations in the pressure vessel, a pressure sensor that measures the pressure of one or more locations in the pressure vessel, and a control to which these sensor output signals are input. An apparatus main body, and an on- off valve driving device for driving a steam on-off valve that adjusts the amount of water vapor supplied by the water vapor supply device based on a command signal from the control device main body ,
When high-temperature and high-pressure steam is supplied into the pressure vessel and the object to be treated in the pressure vessel is heated and pressurized while stirring , it rises in a straight line with a gentle slope almost proportional to the time until then. When the temperature or pressure in the pressure vessel that rises along a curve or straight line having a slope that is 20% or more larger than the slope is defined as a sudden rise, the control device main body It has a storage unit that stores the temperature at the start of the sudden rise measured in advance for each type of inclusion in the object, and the temperature in the pressure vessel is the kind of inclusion in the processing object. based on the output signal of the temperature sensor when it reaches the corresponding said stored temperature, for the previous SL-off valve driving apparatus, by adjusting the amount of water vapor supply, our Keru the spike in the pressure vessel the temperature at the start of It was maintained to 10 minutes, by a portion of the heat of decomposition of the processing object, to urge the degradation of the binding of the other part, and outputs a command signal for controlling the vapor-off valve, and the 5-10 After a lapse of minutes, a command signal for closing the steam on-off valve is output, and a signal for discharging the water vapor in the pressure vessel is output after the other part of the processing object is decomposed. A subcritical water treatment apparatus characterized by that.   In claim 7 or 8,
  The control device main body starts from the timing of the sudden rise with respect to the on-off valve drive device. A signal to adjust the supply amount of water vapor by not heating or pressurizing with additional water vapor The subcritical water treatment apparatus is configured to output In any one of Claims 7 thru | or 9 ,
A rotational speed sensor for detecting a rotational speed sensor and a rotational torque of the rotational shaft;
A rotation shaft control device to which output signals of the rotation speed sensor and the rotation torque sensor are input, and
The rotation shaft control device is configured to control the rotation speed of the rotation shaft via the speed reducer so that a product of the rotation speed and the rotation torque of the rotation shaft becomes a constant value. A subcritical water treatment device.

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