JP6324290B2 - Data recording apparatus and data collecting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a data recording device and a data processing technique for data acquired by a sensor device such as a geophone that constitutes a physical exploration system.

  In order to mine underground resources such as oil and natural gas, it is necessary to conduct underground resource exploration to identify the location where the underground resources exist. Exploration of underground resources such as oil and natural gas proceeds through the following steps, for example. First, as a first stage, an evaluation called wide area geological evaluation is performed. In the wide-area geological evaluation, analysis of aerial photographs and satellite photographs of the exploration target area, investigation of the distribution of gravity and magnetic force, etc. are performed, and the possibility of the existence of underground resources in the deep underground is evaluated to narrow down the exploration target area. Next, as a second stage, physical exploration is performed in the narrowed area. Geophysical exploration is an exploration method that analyzes the state of the ground by artificially generating physical phenomena on the surface and measuring their reactions. Analyze and evaluate the underground structure using geophysical exploration in the narrowed area.

  Reflective seismic exploration is an effective method for understanding geological structures underground in geophysical exploration. The seismic reflection method is a geophone that applies artificial vibrations to the surface of the earth and the reflected waves generated by the elastic waves generated by the vibrations propagating through the ground and reflected at the boundary of the strata. It is a method to reproduce and grasp the underground structure by observing and recording, and analyzing changes in the time until the reflected wave is observed and the amplitude of the reflected wave.

  The system used to perform this seismic reflection survey is an epicenter that artificially generates vibration, a geophone that observes the vibration, a data recording device that records the observed vibration, and a data collection device that collects the recorded data. Composed.

An epicenter is an energy source that generates vibration. Although there is a method of generating a pulse waveform by impact of dynamite or the like, dynamite is difficult to use in urban areas due to ground damage and safety problems. Therefore, the vibrator system is used as a non-explosive type epicenter. The vibrator method is a method in which a vibrating device is brought into contact with the ground surface to vibrate. In the vibrator system, the frequency of vibration is set according to the physical properties of the underground, and weak vibration is applied for several seconds to several tens of seconds. The vibration energy generated by applying a weak vibration for a long time of several seconds to several tens of seconds by a vibrator is equivalent to the pulsed vibration energy generated by an impact such as dynamite by data processing.
The geophone is equipped with a sensor that can observe minute vibrations, and converts the observed vibrations into data corresponding to the vibrations.
The data recording device is a device for recording vibration data observed by a geophone. The data collection device is a device that collects data recorded in a plurality of data recording devices.

  The data received by the geophone, recorded in the data recording device, and collected by the data collecting device is sent to the processing center where the computer is installed. In the processing center, data is analyzed by a plurality of processes such as a correction process, a correlation process, and a superposition process, and a boundary surface of the formation is calculated to create an underground structure map. In addition to reflected waves, the geophone also observes surface waves that travel along the ground surface, and vibration waves that are caused by wind, rain, automobiles, and workers walking, and these are superimposed on the reflected waves as noise. . In data analysis, it is necessary to perform processing that reduces noise.

In addition, in order for the data collection device to collect data observed by the geophone, a data collection network is required between the geophone, the data recording device, and the data collection device.
One of the data collection networks is a wired communication network system. The wired communication network system is a system in which data is collected in a data collection device in real time by connecting the geophones, between the geophone and the data recording device, and between the data recording device and the data collection device. The wired communication network system has an advantage that data can be confirmed in real time, but the amount of cables for connecting the devices becomes enormous, and a lot of labor is required for transportation. In addition, there is a problem that the amount of work for installing geophones and cables in the exploration area increases. In addition, there is a problem that the amount of work required for maintenance such as replacement due to cable damage and confirmation of disconnection inside the cable becomes very large.

  In recent years, in order to improve the accuracy of analysis, the construction of exploration systems in which thousands to tens of thousands of geophones are installed in the exploration area has become mainstream. If a survey system that uses tens of thousands of geophones is constructed with a wired communication network system, the above problem becomes more serious.

  In order to solve this problem, a system called a cable-free system has been developed in which the geophone and the data recording device are independent from each other, and the geophone and the data recording device are not connected by a cable. The cable-free system installs a geophone and a data recording device in the exploration area for a certain period of time. During this time, the data acquired by the geophone is continuously stored in the data recording device. This is a system in which after receiving data for a certain period, the geophone and the data recording device are collected, and the data collecting device collects data accumulated in the data recording device. The cable-free system greatly reduces the amount of work for cable transportation and maintenance.

  However, in the cable-free system, it is not possible to confirm whether or not the data has been normally acquired until the data collection device collects the data acquired after the data acquisition period in the exploration area ends. In other words, problems such as failure of the geophone or data recording device, or inaccuracy of the data acquired due to inadequate installation of the geophone are found after data collection. Cannot confirm the normality of. For this reason, when there is a deficiency in data acquisition in many geophones, it is necessary to re-acquire data.

Therefore, the geophysical exploration data collection using the wireless communication is made possible by implementing the wireless communication function in the geophone and the data recording device so that the data is collected to the data collecting device using the wireless communication even during the data acquisition period. A system has been proposed.
For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a data relay transfer method between the geophones that sequentially transfers data from the geophone 1 to the geophone 2 and the geophone 3 using wireless communication.

US2011 / 0116344

  The physical exploration data collection system using wireless communication is classified into two types according to the type of data that the data recording device transmits to the data collection device. One is a system that transmits the acquired data itself, and the other is only the information on the operating status of the geophone and data recording device, such as quality control (QC) information, such as the remaining battery level and operating status. System.

  The system that transmits the data itself has an advantage that the normality of the data can be confirmed by the data collection device confirming the data. On the other hand, there is a problem that the data capacity to be transmitted by wireless communication is large and the power consumption of the data recording apparatus is increased. The amount of data acquired by one geophone and data recording device is several gigabytes per day. Since the amount of data transmitted from the data recording device to the data collection device using wireless communication is enormous, power consumption for wireless communication of the data recording device increases. In order to transmit enormous amounts of data, a large capacity battery is required for the geophone and the data recording device, which increases the cost and weight of the device.

  In the case of a system that transmits only QC information, there is an advantage that the operation state of the geophone and the data recording device can be confirmed by the QC information without the data collecting device confirming the data itself. However, there is a problem that even if the operation state can be confirmed, the data collection device cannot confirm the normality of the data itself.

  The normality of the data can be confirmed by restoring the reflected wave from the data acquired by the geophone and the data recording device and extracting information such as the amplitude and arrival timing of the reflected wave. However, as described above, since a lot of noise is superimposed on the reflected wave acquired by the geophone and the data recording device, the amplitude and the amplitude or the noise must be improved unless processing for improving the SN ratio of the reflected wave and the noise is performed. Information such as arrival timing cannot be extracted.

  The present invention relates to a physical exploration system in which a data recording device transmits data to a data collection device, and the data recording device reduces the data capacity transmitted by wireless communication to the data collection device, thereby reducing power consumption in the data recording device. The purpose is to let you.

  It is another object of the present invention to enable a data recording apparatus to check the normality of data in a physical exploration system that transmits QC information to the data collecting apparatus.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the geophone observes multiple vibrations of the same pattern generated by the vibrator based on the preset start time and duration information, and the geophone observes A data recording device that records a plurality of vibration wave data, divides the recorded plurality of vibration wave data into a plurality of vibration wave data, and adds each of the divided vibration wave data to reduce the number of divisions And sent to the data collection device.

  In the present invention, a data collection device that collects vibration wave data from a data recording device that records a plurality of vibration wave data observed by the geophone transmits information related to the vibration pattern of the vibrator to the plurality of data recording devices. In addition, vibration wave amplitude and arrival time information obtained as a result of cross-correlation processing using vibration patterns are received from a plurality of data recording devices.

According to the present invention, it is possible to perform data processing for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of a signal observed by a geophone in a data recording apparatus, and the data capacity to be transmitted by wireless communication can be reduced by the processing and transmitted by wireless communication. Power consumption can be reduced.
In addition, according to the present invention, in a physical exploration system in which the geophone and / or the data recording device transmit QC information to the data collecting device, it is possible to check the normality of the data with the data collecting device.

It is a figure explaining the structure of the physical exploration system in one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the data recording device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the data collection device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the parameter storage image of the parameter storage part of the data recording device in one Example of this invention, and the parameter storage part of a data collection device. It is a figure explaining the pre-process in the data recording device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the data storage image figure of the parameter storage part of the data collection device in one Example of this invention, the parameter storage part of a data recording device, and a calculation data storage part. It is a figure explaining the data processing method in the data recording device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the data recording device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the parameter storage image of the parameter storage part of the data collection device in one Example of this invention, and the parameter storage part of a data recording device. It is a figure explaining a cross correlation process. It is a figure explaining the data storage image of the calculation data storage part of the data recording device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure explaining the structure of the data collection device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of a display of the display part of the data collection device in one Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of a display of the display part of the data collection device in one Example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, the configuration of the entire physical exploration system to which the present invention is applied will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a physical exploration system in one embodiment of the present invention.

The geophysical exploration system includes a vibrator 101 that applies vibration to the ground surface, a geophone 102 that measures vibration, a data recording device 103 that stores data measured by the geophone in an internal recording area, and data stored in the data recording device 103. The data collection device 104 that collects data and the data recording device are configured by a relay device 105 that relays data transmission when transmitting data stored therein to the data collection device. In FIG. 1, the data recording device 103a is located near the vibrator, and the data recording device 103b is located far from the vibrator.
In the example shown in FIG. 1, the geophone 102 and the data recording apparatus 103 are connected by a wired line, the data recording apparatus 103 and the relay apparatus 105 perform wireless communication, and the relay apparatus 105 and the data collection apparatus 104 are connected by a wired line. An example of the configuration connected in FIG. In addition to this, the geophone 102 and the data recording device 103 and the relay device 105 and the data collection device 104 may be connected by a wireless line.

  The relay device 105 has a function of performing wireless communication by a method such as Wi-Fi (registered trademark) or ZigBee (registered trademark) and a function of performing wired communication using an optical fiber or a coaxial cable. Communicate.

  The data collection device 104 has a function of performing wired communication using an optical fiber or a coaxial cable, and communicates with the relay device 105. The data collection device 104 has a function of collecting data and a function of controlling the vibrator 101 and the data recording device 103. The data collection device 104 transmits parameters for controlling these devices to the data recording device 103 via the relay device 105 and to the vibrator 101 using wireless communication. The wireless communication between the data collection device 104 and the vibrator 101 may use a wireless communication method different from the wireless communication between the data recording device 103 and the relay device 105.

  The vibrator 101 has a function of acquiring time information and position information from a GPS (Global Positioning System) signal, a function of managing the acquired time information and position information, and wireless communication in addition to a function of applying vibration to the ground surface. It has a function to perform and communicates with the data collection device 104. Vibrator 101 applies vibrations based on the parameters transmitted from data collection device 104 to the ground surface.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a data recording apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The data recording device 103 includes a geophone IF (MEMS) 208 serving as an interface with a geophone using a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems), and a geophone IF serving as an interface with a geophone. 209, an A / D converter 210 that converts an analog signal of speed information observed by the geophone input from the geophone IF (geophone) 209 into a digital signal, and acceleration information by applying a transfer function to the speed information converted into the digital signal The transfer function unit 211 for converting the data, the data received by the geophone IF 208, and the acquired data storage unit 215 for storing the data converted by the transfer function unit 211 into acceleration information, and the data stored in the acquired data storage unit 215 are divided and added. Arithmetic unit that performs arithmetic processing such as multiplication and multiplication 06, the calculation data storage unit 201 for storing the processing results in the calculation unit 206, and the data stored in the calculation data storage unit 201 using a wireless method such as Wi-Fi (registered trademark) or ZigBee (registered trademark). A wireless transmission unit 203 that transmits to a relay device, a wireless reception unit 202 that receives a wireless communication signal from the relay device and demodulates data, a parameter storage unit 204 that extracts and stores parameters from the demodulated data, and a GPS that receives GPS signals The signal reception unit 207, a time management unit 205 that manages time information extracted from the received GPS signal, a battery 213 for driving each unit of the data recording device 103, and an interface with an external device when charging the battery 213 Interface with external device when retrieving data from charging IF 214 and acquired data storage unit 215 Consisting of an external device IF212, it consists of.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the data collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The data collection device 104 includes a parameter storage unit (vibrator) 301 that stores parameters for controlling the vibrator, a wired IF 302 that serves as an interface for communication with the relay device 105, and a data storage unit 303 that stores data received by the wired IF. A display unit 304 that displays stored data, a wireless transmission / reception unit 305 that performs wireless communication with a vibrator, and a parameter storage unit (data recording device) 306 that stores parameters for controlling the data recording device 103. .

  Next, the operations of the geophone 102, the data recording device 103, the data collection device 104, the vibrator 101, and the relay device 105 in this embodiment will be described in three steps before vibration application, during vibration application, and after vibration application. To do.

First, the operation of each device before applying vibration by the vibrator 101 will be described.
The geophone 102, the data recording device 103, the relay device 105, the data collection device 104, and the vibrator 101 are arranged in the search area.
The data collection device 104 stores, in a parameter storage unit (vibrator) 301, the number of vibrations applied by the vibrator 101 set by the operator to the ground surface, the application start time of each time, and the application time length of each time. Parameters relating to the vibrator may be set in advance, or may be reset according to the status of the exploration area. In addition, the data collection device 104 includes a parameter storage unit that stores the number of vibrations applied by the vibrator 101 to the ground surface, each application start time, each application time length, and the sampling time when the data recording device 103 acquires data. Data recording device) 306. The data collection device 104 transmits information stored in the parameter storage unit (vibrator) 301 to the vibrator 101 and information stored in the parameter storage unit (data recording device) 306 to the data recording device 103.
The vibrator 101 acquires and holds the number of times of application of vibration transmitted from the data collection device 104, the application start time of each time, and the application time length of each time.
The data recording device 103 stores the parameter transmitted from the data collection device 104 and the position information of the data recording device 103 obtained from the GPS signal in the parameter storage unit 204.
FIG. 4A shows a data storage image diagram of the parameter storage unit of the data recording apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4B is a data storage image diagram of the parameter storage unit (vibrator) of the data collection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Further, the data recording device 103 stores time information obtained from the GPS signal in the time management unit 205.

Next, the operation of each device during vibration application by the vibrator 101 will be described.
Vibrator 101 receives vibration from the data collection device in advance by wireless communication, and applies vibration to the ground surface according to the number of times of application, the start time of each application, and the length of each application time held in the vibrator.
The data recording device 103 follows the application start time, the application time length, and the sampling time of the vibration stored in the parameter storage unit 204 in the data recording device 103, and a preset time after the application time length of the last vibration from the start of the first vibration. The vibration wave data observed by the geophone is continuously acquired and stored in the acquisition data storage unit 215 of the data recording device 103.

Finally, the operation of each device after application of vibration by the vibrator 101 will be described.
The data recording device 103 performs preprocessing, which will be described later, on the acquired vibration wave data, and then transmits the vibration wave data and the position information of the data recording device 103 to the relay device 105 using wireless communication. The relay apparatus 105 transmits vibration wave data and position information to the data collection apparatus 104 using wired communication, and the data collection apparatus 104 collects data.
In this embodiment, the data recording apparatus 103 performs preprocessing, thereby reducing the amount of data to be transmitted wirelessly.

Next, a preprocessing method will be described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining preprocessing performed by the data recording apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Vibrator 101 can reproduce the same vibration pattern and apply the vibration pattern a plurality of times. For this reason, the geophone 102 observes a vibration wave in which noise is superimposed on a reflected wave having the same pattern. As shown in FIG. 5, when the data stored in the data recording device 103 is divided at the beginning of each vibration application start time of the vibrator, the reflected wave data is included at the same position of each divided data.

  The calculation unit 206 of the data recording apparatus 103 divides the data stored in the acquired data storage unit 215 starting from each vibration application start time of the vibrator (S501), adds the data, and stores the calculation data. The added data is stored in the unit 201 (S502). The data recording device 103 performs the above preprocessing, and transmits the generated addition data to the relay device 105.

  The reflected wave pattern is the same each time, while the noise is different each time. Therefore, by the above addition processing, data with an enhanced reflected wave portion can be generated, and the amount of data can be reduced to 1 / number of applications without losing the validity of the data. Further, by enhancing the reflected wave portion, the SN ratio of the reflected wave and noise is improved.

The data stored in the acquired data storage unit 215 of the data recording device 103 is collected by collecting the data recording device 103 from the search area and then outputting it from the external device IF 212.
When the geophone is a geophone, before the above-described preprocessing, the transfer function processing unit 211 performs a process of converting the relative speed, which is observation data of the geophone, into an absolute acceleration.
The geophone 102 and the data recording device 103 in the present embodiment may be an integrated device.

In the second embodiment, a data reduction method using another process as a preprocess in the data recording apparatus will be described.
Since the overall system configuration in the present embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  The operation of each device in the present embodiment will be described in three steps before application of vibration, during application of vibration, and after application of vibration. Note that the description of the same operation as that of the first embodiment is omitted.

First, the operation of each device before applying vibration will be described except for the operation described in the first embodiment.
Vibrator 101 acquires the position information of vibrator 101 from the GPS signal, and transmits the acquired position information to data collection device 104 using wireless communication. The data collection device 104 stores the position information transmitted from the vibrator 101 in the parameter storage unit (vibrator) 301 in addition to the parameters of the first embodiment, and the parameter storage unit (data recording device) 306 stores the position information. In addition to the above parameters, the assumed propagation speed at which the reflected wave of vibration by the vibrator propagates through the exploration area is stored. The assumed propagation speed will be described later.
FIG. 6A shows a data storage image diagram of the vibrator parameter storage unit of the data collection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6B shows a data storage image diagram of the parameter storage unit of the data recording apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6C shows a data storage image diagram of the operation data storage unit of the data recording apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention.

The data collection device 104 transmits information stored in the parameter storage unit (vibrator) 301 to the vibrator 101 and information stored in the parameter storage unit (data recording device) 306 to the data recording device 103. As shown in FIG. 6A, the parameter storage unit 301 (vibrator) of the data collection device 104 at this time includes the position information of the vibrator, the application start time and the application time length for each time the vibrator applies vibration. Stores information.
As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the parameter storage unit 204 of the data recording device 103 is configured so that the vibrator applies vibrations in addition to the sampling time, the vibrator position information, the data recording device position information, and the assumed propagation speed. Application start time and application time length information.

  As operations other than those described in the first embodiment in the data recording device 103, the calculation unit 206 includes the position information of the data recording device 103 acquired from the GPS signal by the data recording device 103 itself in the parameter storage unit 204, and the data collection device. Using the position information of vibrator 101 transmitted from 104, the distance between data recording device 103 and vibrator 101 is calculated and stored in operation data storage unit 201. Based on the calculated distance between the data recording device 103 and the vibrator 101 and the estimated propagation velocity of the reflected wave, the calculation unit 206 determines the propagation time and the arrival of the reflected wave when the reflected wave of the vibration from the vibrator reaches the position of the data recording device 103. The predicted time is calculated and stored in the calculation data storage unit 201. The propagation speed can be obtained from the propagation speed of general seismic waves, but differs depending on the underground structure and material. Therefore, the assumed propagation speed used to calculate the propagation time and predicted arrival time is faster than the propagation speed assumed in the exploration area. Is used.

  Since the operation of each device other than during the vibration application and the pretreatment after the vibration application is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

Next, a preprocessing method in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the calculation unit 206 of the data recording apparatus 103 uses the data stored in the acquired data storage unit 215 as the reflected wave of each vibration application stored in the parameter storage unit 204. Is divided at the head (S701), and the divided data are added to generate data in which the reflected wave portion is strengthened. Then, the calculation unit 206 stores the data generated by the addition in the calculation data storage unit 201 as addition data (S702).
FIG. 6C shows an image of data stored in the operation data storage unit of the data recording apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 6 (c), the calculation data storage unit of the data recording device stores the calculation result of the distance between the vibrator and the data recording device, the calculation result of the predicted arrival time of the reflected wave for each application count, and the arrival of the reflected wave. The estimated data is divided at the head, and added data obtained by adding the divided data is stored.
The data recording device 103 performs the above preprocessing, and transmits the generated addition data to the relay device 105.

As shown in FIG. 7, the estimated arrival time of the reflected wave at each vibration application time is later in the data recording device 103b located far from the vibrator than in the data recording device 103a located in the vicinity of the vibrator. FIG. 7 shows an example in which the data recorded in the data recording device is divided by the time length from the predicted arrival time of the reflected wave of each vibration application time to the start time of the next vibration in the vibrator. The divided data length may be set based on the vibration application time length in addition to the vibration start time interval.
In this way, by changing the data division start timing according to the distance from the vibrator, the data amount of the noise part until the reflected wave arrives can be reduced more than the data generated in the first embodiment.

In the third embodiment, another example of the data preprocessing method in the data recording apparatus of the present invention will be described.
Since the overall system configuration in the present embodiment is the same as that in the first and second embodiments, description thereof is omitted.
In addition to the functional units described in the first embodiment, the data recording apparatus 130 according to the present embodiment includes a reflected wave detection unit 801 that extracts amplitude, time information, and the like from data stored in the calculation data storage unit 201.
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a data recording apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The operation of each device in the present embodiment will be described in three steps before application of vibration by the vibrator, during application of vibration, and after application of vibration.

Regarding the operation of each device before the application of vibration, the operation of a portion different from the second embodiment will be described.
FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating a data storage image of the parameter storage unit of the data collection device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9B is a diagram for explaining a data storage image of the parameter storage unit of the data recording apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the parameter storage unit (vibrator) 301 of the data collection device 104 stores information related to the vibration pattern applied by the vibrator 101 in addition to the parameters described in the second embodiment. Then, the data collection device 104 also stores information regarding the vibration pattern applied by the vibrator 101 in the parameter storage unit (data recording device) 306. The data collection device 104 transmits information in the parameter storage unit (vibrator) 301 in the data collection device 104 to the vibrator 101, and transmits information in the parameter storage unit (data recording device) 306 to the data recording device 130. To do. As a result, in the present embodiment, the parameter storage unit 204 of the data recording device 130 includes an application start time, an application time length, and a number of times the vibrator applies vibrations as shown in FIG. In addition to storing sampling time, vibrator position information, and data recording apparatus position information, in this embodiment, a vibration pattern of the vibrator is stored.
In this embodiment, vibration waveform data applied by the vibrator 101 is stored as information related to the vibration pattern. However, parameter values necessary for generating the vibration waveform applied by the vibrator 101 or vibration patterns defined in advance are stored. Information such as selection may be used.

  Since the operation of each device other than during the vibration application and the pretreatment after the vibration application is the same as that of the second embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

A preprocessing method in this embodiment will be described.
The vibration applied to the ground surface by the vibrator 101 is acquired by the data recording device 130 as a reflected wave having a small amplitude and a large amount of noise superimposed by propagating underground. However, in this embodiment, the data recording device 130 has information on the vibration pattern of the vibrator 101 in the parameter storage unit 204, and the vibration pattern applied by the vibrator 101 can be specified. Therefore, the data recording device 130 can obtain the arrival timing of the reflected wave from the acquired data by performing a cross-correlation process between the data acquired by the data recording device 130 and the vibration pattern applied by the vibrator 101.

Here, the cross-correlation process will be described.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the cross-correlation process.
Of the two waveform data, when the vibration wave data acquired by the data recording device 130 is f (t), the vibration wave data applied by the vibrator 101 is g (t), and N is the number of data, the cross-correlation function S (τ ) Is expressed by the following equation.

これは振動波データｆ（ｔ）に、振動波データｇ（ｔ）を時間τずらして乗算し加算することを繰り返し行い相関値Ｓ（τ）を得るもので、ある時間ずらした時に相互の振動波データに高い相関があれば高い相関値Ｓ（τ）を得ることができる。上記に従い、データ記録装置１３０が取得した振動波データｆ（ｔ）に、バイブレータ１０１が印加する振動波データｇ（ｔ）を時間をずらして乗算し加算することを繰り返すことにより、反射波の振幅およびタイミングを得ることができる。

In this method, the vibration wave data f (t) is repeatedly multiplied by the vibration wave data g (t) by shifting the time τ and added to obtain the correlation value S (τ). If the wave data has a high correlation, a high correlation value S (τ) can be obtained. In accordance with the above, the amplitude of the reflected wave is repeated by repeatedly multiplying the vibration wave data f (t) acquired by the data recording device 130 with the vibration wave data g (t) applied by the vibrator 101 while shifting the time. And can get timing.

As an example, FIG. 10A shows the vibration waveform g (t) applied by the vibrator, and FIG. 10B shows the vibration waveform f (t) of the data recording apparatus. Here, f (t) is obtained by shifting g (t) by time Δt. By taking these two cross-correlations, the pulse waveform shown in FIG. 10C can be obtained. From this pulse waveform, it can be seen that the two vibration wave data are highly correlated at a point shifted by time Δt. The time Δt means the propagation time of the reflected wave to the position of the data recording device 130.
Further, the energy of the pulse waveform shown in (c) obtained by the cross-correlation means that it is equivalent to the vibration energy of the long-time vibration wave having a small amplitude shown in (b). That is, the amplitude of the pulse waveform is the amplitude of the reflected wave acquired by the data recording device 130. From the above, the amplitude and arrival time of the reflected wave acquired by the data recording device 130 can be specified by obtaining a pulse waveform by cross-correlation processing.

  In the data recording apparatus 130 in the present embodiment, the cross-correlation process is performed by the calculation unit 206. Specifically, according to the operation described in the second embodiment, the arithmetic unit 206 divides the data stored in the acquired data storage unit 215 and adds them to generate addition data, which is stored in the arithmetic data storage unit 201. Next, the calculation unit 206 generates vibration wave data applied by the vibrator 101 based on the information regarding the vibration pattern in the parameter storage unit 204 and stores the vibration wave data in the calculation data storage unit 201. The calculation unit 206 performs cross-correlation processing between the addition data stored in the calculation data storage unit 201 and the vibration wave data of the vibrator, generates reflected wave pulse waveform data, and stores the pulse waveform data in the calculation data storage unit 201.

The reflected wave detection unit 801 of the data recording device 130 includes a plurality of locations in which the amount of change in amplitude per unit time is greater than a preset value in descending order of the amount of change from the pulse waveform data of the reflected wave in the calculation data storage unit 201. The point is specified, and the amplitude value and arrival time information of the reflected wave are obtained by extracting the amplitude value and the deviation time from the data head at each location. Then, the reflected wave detection unit 801 stores the extracted amplitude and arrival time information in the calculation data storage unit 201. Further, the position information stored in the parameter storage unit 204 is stored in the calculation data storage unit 201.
FIG. 11 shows a data storage image of the operation data storage unit of the data recording apparatus in one embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the calculation data storage unit 201 of the data recording device 130 has been transmitted from the data collection device, the calculation result of the distance between the vibrator and the data recording device, the calculation result of the predicted arrival time of the reflected wave at each application time, and so on. Vibrator vibration waveform data, position information acquired by the data recording device itself, addition data, reflected pulse waveform data extracted by cross-correlation processing, reflected wave amplitude, reflected wave arrival time are stored Yes.

The data recording device 130 performs the above preprocessing, and transmits the amplitude of the reflected wave, the arrival time information of the reflected wave, and the position information of the data recording device stored in the operation data storage unit 201 to the relay device 105. The relay device 105 transmits these data to the data collection device 104.
As described above, since the data transmitted by the data recording device 130 is only the amplitude of the reflected wave, the arrival time information, and the position information of the data recording device, the amount of data to be transmitted can be further reduced as compared with the second embodiment.

  In this embodiment, the addition data is generated according to the second embodiment, but the addition data generated according to the first embodiment may be used.

In the fourth embodiment, a method for confirming the normality of data in the data collection device will be described.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the data collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The data collection device 140 includes a data comparison unit 1201 that compares the data stored in the data storage unit 303 as a different part from FIG. 3 of the first embodiment.

A method for confirming the normality of the data acquired by the data recording device in the data collection device 140 will be described.
The data collection device 140 stores the reflected wave amplitude, arrival time information, and position information transmitted from the data recording device 130 in the third embodiment in the data storage unit 303 and displays them on the display unit 304.

FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a display image of the display unit of the data collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. A cross mark in the center of the figure represents the position of the vibrator 101, and a circle around the cross mark represents the data recording device 130.
The size of each circle represents the amplitude of the reflected wave observed by each data collection device, and the radius is displayed larger as the amplitude of the reflected wave observed by the data recording device 130 is larger. The color or pattern inside each circle represents the arrival time of the reflected wave. In FIG. 13, the color or pattern is displayed so that the color becomes lighter as time elapses from the vibration application start time by the vibrator.

  Accordingly, the data recording device around the vibrator 101 can indicate that a reflected wave having a large amplitude is observed at an early time from the vibration application start time by the vibrator, and the data recording device far from the vibrator 101 can vibrate by the vibrator. It can be expressed that a reflected wave having a weak amplitude was observed after a lapse of a certain time from the application start time.

  The data comparison unit 1201 of the data collection device 140 sets a group with a plurality of adjacent data recording devices based on the position information of the data recording devices stored in the data storage unit 303. Then, the amplitude of the reflected waves of the data recording devices in the group and the arrival time information are compared, and if the magnitude of amplitude or the difference in arrival times exceeds a preset range, there is a possibility that the display unit may have inadequate data acquisition Display a group with

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a display image of the display unit of the data collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Also in FIG. 14, as in FIG. 13, the cross mark in the center of the figure represents the position of the vibrator 101, the circle around the cross mark represents the data recording device 130, and the size of each circle represents the size of each data collection device The radius is increased as the amplitude of the reflected wave observed is increased, and the arrival time of the reflected wave is displayed so that the color becomes lighter as time elapses from the vibration application start time. The alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 14 indicates a group of data recording devices that may have a deficiency in data acquisition because the difference in amplitude or arrival time exceeds a preset range.
By performing a visual display as shown in FIG. 14, it is possible to easily determine the possibility that the data acquired by the data recording device in the group is deficient.
As described above, the data collection device 140 can confirm the normality of the data acquired by the data recording device.

  As described above, even in a physical exploration system in which the data recording device transmits only QC information to the data collection device, the data recording device improves the S / N ratio of the reflected wave acquired by the geophone and the data recording device and reflects it. By extracting information such as wave amplitude and arrival timing and transmitting the information to the data collection device, the data collection device can check the normality of the data.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Vibrator 102 Geophone 103, 130 Data recording device 104, 140 Data collection device 105 Relay device 201 Calculation data storage unit 202 Wireless reception unit 203 Wireless transmission unit 204 Parameter storage unit 205 Time management unit 206 Calculation unit 207 GPS signal reception unit 208 Geophone IF (MEMS)
209 Geophone IF
210 A / D converter 211 Transfer function processor 212 External device IF
213 Battery 214 Charging IF
215 Acquired data storage unit 301 Parameter storage unit (vibrator)
302 Wired IF
303 Data storage unit 304 Display unit 305 Wireless transmission / reception unit 306 Parameter storage unit (data recording device)
801 Reflected wave detection unit 1201 Data comparison unit

Claims (3)

A data recording device that records a plurality of vibration wave data observed by a geophone and transmits the recorded vibration wave data to a data collection device,
The vibration wave data is based on a plurality of vibrations of the same pattern generated by a vibrator based on preset start time and duration information,
The data recording device divides the vibration wave data of a plurality of vibrations recorded into vibration wave data starting at the start time, and adds each divided vibration wave data to divide the data amount by the number of divisions. Reduced to 1 and sent to the data collection device ,
The data recording device and the vibrator have a data transmission / reception unit between a position information acquisition unit and the data collection device,
The data recording device calculates a distance between the data recording device and the vibrator based on the position information of the data recording device itself acquired by the position information acquisition unit and the position information of the vibrator received via the data collection device. At the same time, the estimated arrival time when the vibration wave reaches the data recording device is calculated from the propagation speed of the vibration wave,
Dividing into vibration wave data having a predetermined length of time based on the start time interval of each vibration and the estimated arrival time with the estimated arrival time of the vibration wave as the head, and adding the divided vibration wave data A data recording apparatus. The data recording device according to claim 1,
  From the data collection device, previously received vibration pattern information of the vibrator,
  The amplitude of the vibration wave data and the arrival time in the data recording apparatus are calculated by performing cross-correlation processing on the vibration wave data of the plurality of vibrations using the vibration pattern, and the amplitude of the calculated vibration wave data And a time of arrival to the data collection device. A data collection device that collects vibration wave data from a data recording device that records a plurality of vibration wave data observed by a geophone,
  The vibration wave data is based on a plurality of vibrations of the same pattern generated based on the start time and duration information set in advance by the vibrator,
  The data collection device has information on the vibration pattern of the vibrator and transmits information on the vibration pattern to the plurality of data recording devices,
  From the plurality of data recording devices, receiving the amplitude and arrival time information of the vibration wave obtained as a result of performing the cross-correlation processing using the vibration pattern,
Further receiving position information of each data recording device from the plurality of data recording devices,
  By grouping the plurality of data recording devices based on the position information and comparing the amplitude and arrival time information received from the data recording devices in the group, the normality of the acquired data of the plurality of data recording devices A data collection device characterized by making a judgment.

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