JP6308321B2 - Estimation program, estimation method, and estimation apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an estimation program, an estimation method, and an estimation apparatus.

  The voltage of the electric power distributed from the distribution system to the consumer is determined with a standard voltage and an allowable range in which deviation from the standard voltage is allowed. For example, in the case of a low voltage line, if the standard voltage is 100V, the allowable range is 101 ± 6V. The voltage distributed to the consumer can be obtained from the transmission voltage of the substation, the impedance of the distribution system, and the power consumption of the consumer.

JP 2012-205432 A JP 2012-147575 A

  However, the estimation accuracy of the voltage distributed to the consumer may decrease. For example, there is a single-phase three-wire system for distributing power to consumers. In the single-phase three-wire system, electric power is distributed to consumers by three wires, one neutral wire and two voltage wires. A consumer to whom electric power is distributed in a single-phase three-wire system can use one voltage line and a neutral line as a voltage source of 100V. In the single-phase three-wire system, there are two voltage lines. In the single-phase three-wire system, there are two combinations of voltage lines and neutral lines that can be used for a 100 V voltage source. For this reason, when the voltage source of 100V used by a consumer is biased to either one, the voltage of the two voltage lines may be unbalanced, and the voltage estimation accuracy may be reduced.

  In one aspect, an object of the present invention is to provide an estimation program, an estimation method, and an estimation apparatus that can estimate an unbalance rate when a reverse power flow occurs.

  The estimation program according to one aspect causes a computer to execute a process of acquiring a power consumption amount for each predetermined period of a consumer to whom power is distributed by a single-phase three-wire system. Further, the estimation program causes the computer to execute a process for determining, every time, whether or not a reverse power flow in which power flows from the consumer to the power distribution facility is generated. Further, when it is determined that a reverse power flow is occurring in the computer, the estimation program outputs a first value as the unbalance rate for the time, and it is determined that the reverse power flow is not generated. In this case, a process of outputting a second value having a higher degree of imbalance than the first value is executed.

  It is possible to estimate the unbalance rate when reverse power flow occurs.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the estimation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of power distribution equipment constituting the power distribution system. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a connection relationship of the distribution system indicated by the distribution system information. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a connection relationship of the distribution system indicated by the distribution system information. FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a connection relationship of the distribution system in a graph structure. FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a connection relationship of the distribution system in a graph structure. FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6D is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6E is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6F is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6G is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6H is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6I is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 6J is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of the second power consumption information. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of measurement facility information. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of model information. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of model data of a power consumption model. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of model facility information. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of specifying a power consumption model to be applied to a consumer. FIG. 13A is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of estimating the power consumption for each time of the consumer B1. FIG. 13B is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of estimating the power consumption for each time of the consumer B2. FIG. 13C is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of estimating the power consumption for each time of the consumer B3. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transition of power consumption. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of unbalance rate information. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the generation process. FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of power consumption estimation processing. FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the unbalance rate estimation process. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a computer that executes an estimation program.

  Hereinafter, an estimation program, an estimation method, and an estimation apparatus according to the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that this embodiment does not limit the disclosed technology. Each embodiment can be appropriately combined within a range in which processing contents are not contradictory.

[Configuration of estimation device]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the estimation apparatus according to the first embodiment. The estimation apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 performs the estimation process which estimates transition of a customer's imbalance.

  As one aspect of the estimation apparatus 10, it may be implemented as a Web server that executes the above estimation process, or may be implemented as a cloud that provides services related to the above estimation process by outsourcing. As another aspect, the estimation processing program provided as package software or online software can be implemented by preinstalling or installing in a desired computer.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, the estimation device 10 is connected to be communicable with other devices such as the client terminal 11 and the smart meter 12 via a network 13. The network 13 may employ any type of communication network such as the Internet, a LAN (Local Area Network), and a VPN (Virtual Private Network), regardless of whether the network 13 is wired or wireless. Note that any number of client terminals 11 and smart meters 12 can be connected.

  Among these, the client terminal 11 is a terminal device for operating the estimation device 10 from the outside. As an example of the client terminal 11, a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, a PHS (Personal Handyphone System) or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) can be adopted in addition to a fixed terminal such as a personal computer (PC). . The client terminal 11 is used by a member of an electric power company, for example, a person in charge of a power distribution department or an administrator.

  The smart meter 12 is a power measuring device with a communication function. Such a smart meter 12 is connected to a distribution board or the like of a consumer. As one aspect, the smart meter 12 measures the electric power used by the customer's load facility every predetermined period, for example, every 30 minutes. At this time, the smart meter 12 accumulates and measures the power used by the load facility. In the following, the power usage value of the load facility that has been accumulated and measured may be referred to as “power consumption”. In addition, the smart meter 12 measures the current and voltage used at that time for a predetermined period, for example, every 30 minutes. In addition, the smart meter 12 transmits the measured power consumption, current value, voltage value, and measurement date and time at the consumer to the estimation device 10. This measurement date and time is, for example, the date and time when the period of measuring the power consumption is completed. Here, an example in which the smart meter 12 uploads the power consumption amount every predetermined period has been described, but the power consumption amount can also be uploaded intermittently. In addition, the smart meter 12 can upload the power consumption in response to a request from the estimation device 10 instead of actively uploading the power consumption.

  The estimation apparatus 10 includes a communication I / F (interface) unit 20, a storage unit 21, and a control unit 22. Note that the estimation device 10 may include various functional units included in a known computer in addition to the functional units illustrated in FIG. For example, the estimation apparatus 10 may include a display unit that displays various types of information and an input unit that inputs various types of information.

  The communication I / F unit 20 is an interface that performs communication control with other devices such as the client terminal 11 and the smart meter 12. As an aspect of the communication I / F unit 20, a network interface card such as a LAN card can be employed. For example, the communication I / F unit 20 receives various information such as various instruction information from the client terminal 11 or notifies the client terminal 11 of image data of various screens from the estimation device 10.

  The storage unit 21 is a storage device that stores various programs such as an OS (Operating System) executed by the control unit 22 and a program for performing an estimation process described later. As one mode of the storage unit 21, a storage device such as a semiconductor memory element such as a flash memory, a hard disk, and an optical disk can be cited. The storage unit 21 is not limited to the above type of storage device, and may be a RAM (Random Access Memory).

  As an example of data used in the program executed by the control unit 22, the storage unit 21 includes distribution system information 30, power consumption information 31, measurement facility information 32, model information 33, model facility information 34, Model data 35, estimated power consumption information 36, unbalance rate information 37, and unbalance rate transition information 38 are stored. In addition to the information exemplified above, other electronic data can be stored together.

  Here, the power distribution equipment constituting the power distribution system includes equipment “unit” associated with one position and equipment “span” associated with two positions. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of power distribution equipment constituting the power distribution system. Examples of the unit include a power pole P, a switch SW, and a pole transformer TR. In addition, the distribution substation, SVR (Step Voltage Regulator) and various instruments such as the smart meter 12 which are not shown in the figure, and manholes and handholes which are underground facilities are also included in the category of the unit.

  As an example of the span, a distribution line WH laid in a high-voltage system in which high-voltage power is distributed between the distribution substation and the pole transformer TR, a so-called “high-voltage line” can be cited. Another example of the span is a distribution line WL laid in a section of the pole transformer TR and the lead-in line in the low voltage system in which the low voltage power is distributed between the pole transformer TR and the load equipment of the customer, so-called "Low-voltage line" can be mentioned. Another example of the span includes a lead-in wire and an electric wire laid in a section of load equipment, a so-called “lead-in wire”. A further example of a span is a cable embedded in the ground. In addition, about the distribution lines W, such as the high voltage line WH and the low voltage line WL, the number of the units erected on the utility pole P, for example, three or two electric wires can be combined and handled as a span.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the power distribution system information 30 is data that stores information about each facility such as units and spans constituting the power distribution system. For example, the power distribution system information 30 stores information related to the connection relationship, position, type, specification, and attributes of each facility constituting the power distribution system. The distribution system information 30 may be configured by a plurality of tables. For example, the power distribution system information 30 may be configured by being divided into a table storing facility connection relationships, a table storing facility locations, and a table storing facility types, specifications, and attributes.

  The attributes stored in the power distribution system information 30 include, for example, the span model number, thickness, material, span, resistance value per unit (m), reactance value per unit (m), and the like. . Further, as attributes, in the case of a unit, the model number and performance of the unit, for example, when the unit is a transformer, electrical characteristics such as the capacity and voltage ratio of the transformer are listed. Such attribute information is used for, for example, calculation of a distribution load in each distribution facility of the distribution system.

  Further, for example, the distribution system information 30 stores position information in association with each distribution facility constituting the distribution system. For example, the distribution system information 30 stores one piece of position information in the case of a unit and two pieces of position information in the case of a span.

  In this embodiment, the connection relationship between the distribution facilities constituting the distribution system is divided into a connection point “node” where the distribution facilities are electrically connected and a distribution facility “branch” determined by a plurality of connection points. ) ".

  As an example of the node, the connection point between the high voltage line WH and the switch SW shown in the enlarged view D1 in FIG. 2, the connection point between the high voltage line WH and the pole transformer TR, the pole transformer TR and the low voltage line WL. Connection point. In addition, the point where the high voltage line WH21a and the high voltage line WH21b shown in the enlarged view D2 in FIG. 2 are connected is also included in the category of the node. Specifically, even when the high-voltage line WH21a and the high-voltage line WH21b are installed on the power pole P of the mounting column, the high-voltage line WH21a and the high-voltage line WH21b are regarded as being electrically connected, A point where WHs are connected is treated as a virtual node.

  Examples of the branch include various power distribution facilities such as the utility pole P, the high voltage line WH, the switch SW, the pole transformer TR, and the low voltage line WL shown in FIG. In addition, a distribution substation, a lead-in line, a smart meter 12, a load facility, and the like which are not illustrated are also included in the category of the branch. In some cases, the distribution facilities located at the end points of these distribution substations and load facilities have only one node.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the distribution system information 30 stores identification information of nodes and branches of the distribution facility in association with each distribution facility constituting the distribution system. By following the identification information of the nodes and branches, it is possible to obtain the connection relationship of each distribution facility constituting the distribution system.

  FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are diagrams schematically showing an example of the connection relationship of the distribution system indicated by the distribution system information. In the example of FIG. 3, an example of a connection relationship among the distribution substation SS, the high voltage line WH, and the six low voltage lines WL1 to WL6 is schematically illustrated. The high-voltage line WH is connected to the distribution substation SS, and for example, high-voltage power is distributed by three wires in a three-phase three-wire system. The high voltage line WH is installed on the utility pole P, and is connected to the low voltage lines WL1 to WL6 via pole transformers TR1 to TR6. Hereinafter, pole transformers TR1 to TR6 are also referred to as banks # 1 to # 6. The pole transformers TR1 to TR6 are connected to the high voltage line WH and distribute the low voltage power obtained by lowering the high voltage power to a predetermined voltage to the low voltage line WL. The low-voltage line WL is also installed on the utility pole P, and a service line is connected to the service pole P, and electric power is supplied to customers through the service line. The wiring system of the low voltage line WL and the lead-in line includes, for example, a single-phase three-wire system. In the single-phase three-wire system, power is supplied to the consumer by three electric wires, one grounded neutral wire and two voltage wires to which an alternating voltage of 100 V in reverse phase is applied. . In the example of FIG. 3, the lead-in line AL is connected to the low-voltage line WL6, and power is supplied to the consumer via the lead-in line AL. The consumer can use two voltage lines or three electric wires as a voltage source of 200V. Moreover, the consumer can use one voltage line and a neutral line as a voltage source of 100V. In the single-phase three-wire system, there are two voltage lines. In the single-phase three-wire system, there are two combinations of voltage lines and neutral lines that can be used for a 100 V voltage source.

  In the example of FIG. 4, an example of the connection relationship between the low voltage line and the customer is schematically shown. Consumers are respectively connected to the low-voltage lines WL1 to WL6 through a service line AL (not shown). For example, in the example of FIG. 4, six consumers with a contract ampere of 60A are connected to the utility pole P1 of the low-voltage line WL1. Moreover, in the example of FIG. 4, five consumers with a contract ampere of 60A are connected to the utility pole P2 of the low-voltage line WL1. Moreover, in the example of FIG. 4, six consumers with a contract ampere of 60A are connected to the utility pole P3 of the low-voltage line WL1. Moreover, in the example of FIG. 4, five consumers with a contract ampere of 60A are connected to the utility pole P4 of the low-voltage line WL1. Moreover, in the example of FIG. 4, six consumers with a contract ampere of 60A are connected to the utility pole P5 of the low-voltage line WL1. FIG. 4 shows the number of connected consumers per transformer (bank). Each consumer is provided with a power measuring device that measures the amount of power consumed. The power measuring device includes the smart meter 12 and the watt hour meter. The smart meter 12 measures the amount of power consumed by the customer's load equipment every predetermined period. The watt-hour meter measures the integrated value of the consumer's power consumption. When a watt-hour meter is installed at the consumer, the power company reads the watt-hour meter every predetermined period, for example, once a month, and calculates the increase in power consumption from the previous meter reading. Calculate the monthly power consumption of consumers.

  FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B are diagrams showing the connection relationship of the distribution system in a graph structure. In the examples of FIGS. 5A and 5B, the connection relations of the distribution systems shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are shown in a graph structure. In the examples of FIGS. 5A and 5B, each distribution facility and nodes and branches as connection points are shown. In the examples of FIGS. 5A and 5B, IDs that are identification information assigned to nodes and branches are shown. Here, in the examples of FIGS. 5A and 5B, a character string that can identify the type of the distribution facility such as “SS” representing the distribution substation, “PO” representing the power pole, and “LL” representing the customer is used as a head. Is added to the node ID. For example, the high voltage line WH is connected to a distribution substation at a node of ID “SS001N01”. The high voltage line WH is connected to the pole transformers TR1 to TR6 at nodes of IDs “PO0001B11”, “PO0002B21”, “PO0003B31”, “PO0004B41”, “PO0005B51”, and “PO0006B61”, respectively. The pole transformers TR1 to TR6 are each connected to a consumer via a low voltage line WL. For example, the pole transformer TR1 is connected to the low voltage line WL at a node with ID “PO0001B12”. As shown in the enlarged view D3 in FIG. 5A, the low-voltage line WL is connected to the service lines AL1 to AL6 at the node of ID “PO0007B13”. The service lines AL1 to AL6 are connected to customers at nodes of IDs “LL0702B01”, “LL0801B01”, “LL0802B01”, “LL0901B01”, “LL0902B01”, and “LL1001B01”, respectively.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the power consumption information 31 is data storing various types of information related to the power consumption used by each consumer. In this embodiment, the power consumption information 31 is divided into first power consumption information 31A and second power consumption information 31B.

  The first power consumption information 31A is data that stores various types of information related to the power consumption used by each consumer where the smart meter 12 is installed. At the customer where the smart meter 12 is installed, the smart meter 12 notifies the power consumption, current value, voltage value, and measurement date and time for each predetermined period. The first power consumption information 31A stores information on the power consumption, the current value, the voltage value, and the measurement date and time periodically notified from each consumer where the smart meter 12 is installed.

  6A to 6J are diagrams illustrating an example of a change in power consumption of a consumer. The example of FIG. 6A-FIG. 6J has shown the change of the power consumption amount for one day (from 0:00 to 24:00) of the consumers A1-A10 memorize | stored in 31 A of 1st power consumption information, and every 30 minutes A change in power consumption is shown by a graph. FIG. 6A shows a waveform FA1 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A1. FIG. 6B shows a waveform FA2 of time variation of the power consumption amount of the consumer A2. FIG. 6C shows a waveform FA3 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A3. FIG. 6D shows a waveform FA4 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A4. FIG. 6E shows a waveform FA5 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A5. FIG. 6F shows a waveform FA6 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A6. FIG. 6G shows a waveform FA7 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A7. FIG. 6H shows a waveform FA8 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A8. FIG. 6I shows a waveform FA9 of the time change of the power consumption amount of the consumer A9. FIG. 6J shows a waveform FA10 of time variation of the power consumption amount of the consumer A10.

  The second power consumption information 31B is data in which various information relating to the power consumption used by each consumer in which the smart meter 12 is not installed and the watt hour meter is installed is stored. The power consumption used by each consumer is obtained, for example, by meter reading from an electric power company. In the second power consumption information 31B, various types of information related to power consumption are registered from the client terminal 11 or a terminal device (not shown). Various information regarding the registered power consumption is stored in the second power consumption information 31B. For example, the second power consumption information 31B stores information on the amount of power consumed in units of a predetermined period of each consumer in which the smart meter 12 is not installed and the period for associating the power consumption. For example, when calculating the power consumption amount on a monthly basis, the year and month associated with the power consumption amount are stored as information on the period.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of the second power consumption information. As the second power consumption information 31B, a table in which items such as a customer, an actual value presence / absence flag, a monthly power consumption, and a period are associated can be adopted. The consumer item is an area for storing identification information for identifying the consumer. For example, unique identification information for identifying each item such as ID (identification) is given to the consumer. In the consumer item, consumer identification information is stored. The item of the actual value presence / absence flag is an area for storing information indicating whether or not the monthly power consumption is stored. In the item of the actual value presence / absence flag, “Yes” is stored when the monthly power consumption is stored, and “None” is stored when the monthly power consumption is not stored. The item of monthly power consumption is an area for storing the monthly power consumption of the consumer. The monthly power consumption field stores the monthly power consumption determined by meter reading. The period item is an area for storing information related to a period in which the power consumption amount stored in the monthly power consumption item is obtained. For example, when the accumulated power consumption is obtained monthly by meter reading once a month, information indicating the period in which the power consumption is accumulated is stored in the period item. The information indicating the period may be a start date and an end date of the period, and may be a year and a month as long as it is a monthly unit. For example, the information indicating a specific period such as a year or a month may be used. . In this embodiment, year and month are used as information indicating the period. The example of FIG. 7 shows a state in which the power consumption amounts of the consumers B1 to B3 are stored as consumers without the smart meter 12 installed. In the example of FIG. 7, the customer B1 indicates that the power consumption for August 2013 is 600 kWh. The customer B2 indicates that the power consumption for August 2013 is 450 kWh. The customer B3 indicates that the power consumption for August 2013 is not stored.

  In addition, although the present Example demonstrated the case where the power consumption of the consumer in which the smart meter 12 was installed, and the power consumption of the consumer in which the smart meter 12 was not installed are memorize | stored by another data structure. For example, a single data structure may be stored using a tag or the like.

  The measurement facility information 32 is data that stores various types of information related to a power measurement facility that measures used power, such as a watt hour meter installed in a consumer.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of measurement facility information. As the measurement facility information 32, a table in which items such as a customer, a phase line, a voltage, a current, a measurement time zone, and a breaker are associated can be adopted. The consumer item is an area for storing identification information for identifying the consumer. The item of the phase line is an area for storing the wiring system of the low-voltage line WL connected to the consumer. The item of voltage is an area for storing the rated voltage value of the measuring equipment installed in the consumer. The item of current is an area for storing the rated amperage value of the measuring equipment installed in the consumer. The item of the measurement time zone is an area for storing information on the time zone in which the power consumption used is measured. The item of the breaker is an area for storing the breaking capacity of the breaker installed in the consumer. Note that the breaker is not necessarily installed in the consumer. If the breaker is not installed at the customer, the breaker item is stored as none. The example of FIG. 8 has shown the state by which the information regarding the electric power measurement installation of the consumers B1-B3 in which the smart meter 12 is not installed is memorize | stored. In the example of FIG. 8, the customer B1 has a single-phase three-wire wiring system for the low-voltage line WL, a rated voltage value of 100 V, a rated amperage value of 60 A, and a time zone for measuring power consumption is 2. It is a time zone and shows that the breaking capacity of the breaker is 40A.

  Of the information stored in the storage unit 21, the model information 33, model facility information 34, model data 35, estimated power consumption information 36, unbalance rate information 37, and unbalance rate transition information 38 are as follows. This will be described later in conjunction with the description of the function unit that generates, acquires, or uses information.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the control unit 22 includes an internal memory for storing programs and control data that define various processing procedures, and executes various processes using these. As shown in FIG. 1, the control unit 22 includes a generation unit 40, a first specification unit 41, a first estimation unit 42, an acquisition unit 43, a determination unit 44, a second specification unit 45, and an output unit. 46, a calculation unit 47, a second estimation unit 48, and a display control unit 49.

  The generation unit 40 is a processing unit that performs various types of generation. For example, the production | generation part 40 produces | generates the model used for estimation of the power consumption for every time slot | zone of the consumer in which the smart meter 12 is not installed. As an example, the production | generation part 40 reads the data of the power consumption amount for every predetermined period of each consumer in which the smart meter 12 is installed from the 1st power consumption information 31A. And the production | generation part 40 calculates | requires the characteristic of transition of power consumption for every consumer from the data of power consumption for every predetermined period of each consumer. And the production | generation part 40 produces | generates the model which shows transition of power consumption from each consumer with the characteristic of transition of power consumption.

  Here, there are various types of load equipment installed in the consumer, and there are those in which the time zone in which they are mainly used is fixed. For example, a consumer with a device that uses late-night power, such as an electric water heater, consumes a lot of power in the late-night time zone. In addition, consumers with similar load facilities tend to have similar transitions in power consumption. For this reason, it can be estimated what load equipment is installed in the consumer from the characteristics of the transition of the power consumption of the consumer.

  Therefore, the generation unit 40 obtains the first peak with the largest power consumption and the second peak with the second largest power consumption from the waveform of the power consumption for each hour as a feature of the transition of the power consumption. For example, the production | generation part 40 calculates | requires the average power consumption of each time for every predetermined period of the said consumer from the power consumption for every predetermined period of a consumer. And the production | generation part 40 calculates | requires the 1st peak with the largest power consumption amount by comparing the average power consumption amount of each time. Further, the generation unit 40 sets the time zone including the first peak time and the power consumption amount to be half the power consumption amount of the first peak as the time zone of the first peak waveform, and the time zone of the first peak waveform. The second peak with the largest amount of power consumption is obtained at a time other than.

  And the production | generation part 40 clusters the data of the power consumption of each consumer by what has the waveform of the power consumption of each consumer with which the smart meter 12 was installed similar. For example, the generation unit 40 divides one day into a plurality of predetermined time zones, and determines which time zone the first peak and the second peak are. Then, the generation unit 40 obtains a power consumption model corresponding to the first peak and second peak patterns from the plurality of power consumption models determined for each of the first peak and second peak patterns. In addition, data on the power consumption of each consumer is clustered.

  Here, an example of the model information 33 stored in the storage unit 21 will be described. The model information 33 is data that stores various types of information related to the characteristics of the power consumption model. For example, the model information 33 stores a pattern indicating which time zone the first peak and the second peak are for each power consumption model.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of model information. In the example of FIG. 9, a day is every 6 hours, a time zone from 0:00 to 6 o'clock, a time zone from 6 o'clock to 12 o'clock, a time zone from 12 o'clock to 18 o'clock, 3 from 18:00 to 24 o'clock It is divided into time zones 4. Note that the time zone is not limited to this, and may be determined according to the time zone according to the unit price of the electricity bill, for example. A plurality of power consumption models are determined depending on which time zone the first peak and the second peak are. In the example of FIG. 9, the power consumption model A has a first peak in time zone 1 and a second peak in time zone 4. The power consumption model B has a first peak in the time zone 4 and a second peak in the time zone 2. The power consumption model C has a first peak in the time zone 3 and a second peak in the time zone 4.

  Based on the first peak and the second peak of the waveform of the power consumption of each consumer in which the smart meter 12 is installed, the generation unit 40 uses any power consumption model for the data of the power consumption of each consumer. Classify. And the production | generation part 40 averages the power consumption of the consumer classified into the said power consumption model for every power consumption model for every hour, The model data 35 which showed the average power consumption for every time is shown. Generated for each power consumption model. For example, the production | generation part 40 produces | generates the model data 35 which shows the average power consumption for every time for every power consumption model AC. In this embodiment, the first peak and the second peak of the power consumption are obtained, and the data of the consumer's power consumption is determined according to which time zone the first peak and the second peak are. Although it is classified as a consumption model, another method may be used. For example, the production | generation part 40 calculates | requires the peak with the largest power consumption about each of the time zones 1-4. And the production | generation part 40 makes a thing with the largest maximum peak for every time slot | zone the 1st peak, and makes the 2nd largest peak for every time slot | zone a 2nd peak, and the power consumption of each consumer. Quantity data may be classified.

  Here, when data on the amount of power consumption of a consumer who hardly uses power or a consumer who uses excessive power is included, the model data 35 of the power consumption model corresponds to the power consumption model. The deviation becomes larger from the waveform of the power consumption of the standard consumer who does.

  Therefore, the generation unit 40 excludes the data of the power consumption of the consumer estimated that the resident is not resident or the consumer estimated to be a vacant house from the generation target of the model data 35. For example, the generation unit 40 generates the model data 35 using data of a customer whose first peak power consumption is equal to or less than a predetermined first threshold that the resident is not occupying and uses almost no power. Exclude from the target. In addition, the generation unit 40 excludes the data of the consumer's power consumption that is equal to or less than a predetermined second threshold value, which the consumer's monthly power consumption is regarded as the standby power amount of the load facility, from the generation target of the model data 35. . In addition, the generation unit 40 excludes the data of the power consumption of the consumer who is using excessive power from the generation target of the model data 35. For example, the generation unit 40 excludes, from the generation target of the model data 35, data on the power consumption amount of a consumer who is considered to be using excessive power and has a predetermined third threshold or higher. The third threshold value is, for example, about several times (for example, five times) the standard monthly power consumption of the consumer. And the production | generation part 40 is from the data of the power consumption which is not excluded from the production | generation object of the model data 35 among the data of the power consumption for every predetermined period of the consumer read from 31 A of 1st power consumption information. Model data 35 is generated.

  Here, an example of the flow of generating the model data 35 of the power consumption model will be specifically described. For example, the waveform FA1 shown in FIG. 6A has a first peak in the time zone 1 from 0:00 to 6:00 and a second peak in the time zone 4 from 18:00 to 24:00. From this, the power consumption data of the consumer A1 is classified into the power consumption model A. The waveform FA2 shown in FIG. 6B has low power consumption. From this, it is estimated that there is no resident residence or a vacant house, and the power consumption data of the consumer A2 is excluded from the generation target of the model data 35. The waveform FA3 shown in FIG. 6C also has low power consumption. From this, it is estimated that there is no resident residence or a vacant house, and the power consumption data of the consumer A3 is excluded from the generation target of the model data 35. The waveform FA4 shown in FIG. 6D has a first peak in time zone 4 from 18:00 to 24:00, and a second peak in time zone 2 from 6 o'clock to 12:00. From this, the power consumption data of the consumer A4 is classified into the power consumption model B. The waveform FA5 shown in FIG. 6E has low power consumption. From this, it is estimated that there is no resident residence or a vacant house, and the power consumption data of the consumer A5 is excluded from the generation target of the model data 35. The waveform FA6 shown in FIG. 6F uses excessive power. From this, the power consumption data of the consumer A6 is excluded from the generation target of the model data 35. The waveform FA7 shown in FIG. 6G has a first peak in time zone 4 from 18:00 to 24:00, and a second peak in time zone 2 from 6 o'clock to 12:00. Thus, the power consumption data of the consumer A7 is classified into the power consumption model B. The waveform FA8 shown in FIG. 6H has a first peak in the time zone 3 from 12:00 to 18:00, and a second peak in the time zone 4 from 18:00 to 24:00. From this, the power consumption data of the consumer A4 is classified into the power consumption model C. The waveform FA9 shown in FIG. 6I has a first peak in a time zone 3 from 12:00 to 18:00, and a second peak in a time zone 4 from 18:00 to 24:00. From this, the power consumption data of the consumer A9 is classified into the power consumption model C. The waveform FA10 shown in FIG. 6J has a first peak in the time zone 1 from 0 o'clock to 6 o'clock and a second peak in the time zone 4 from 18:00 to 24:00. Therefore, the power consumption data of the consumer A10 is classified into the power consumption model A.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of model data of a power consumption model. The example of FIG. 10 shows model data 35 of the power consumption models A to C generated from the data of the power consumption amounts of the consumers A1 to A10 shown in FIGS. The model data 35 of the power consumption model A is obtained by obtaining the average of the waveform FA1 shown in FIG. 6A classified into the power consumption model A and the waveform FA10 shown in FIG. 6J. The model data 35 of the power consumption model B is obtained by obtaining the average of the waveform FA4 shown in FIG. 6D classified into the power consumption model B and the waveform FA7 shown in FIG. 6G. The model data 35 of the power consumption model C is obtained by obtaining the average of the waveform FA8 shown in FIG. 6H classified into the power consumption model C and the waveform FA9 shown in FIG. 6I.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the generation unit 40 stores the generated model data 35 of each power consumption model in the storage unit 21.

  The first specifying unit 41 is a processing unit that performs various types of specifying. For example, the 1st specific | specification part 41 specifies the power consumption model applied to this consumer among several power consumption models based on the measurement equipment information 32 of a consumer.

  By the way, electric power companies have prepared a plurality of electric rate menus with different charging methods for power consumption, such as basic rates, unit prices for each time zone, and usage-based charges. The customer selects an electricity price menu with a low cost according to his own power consumption and contracts with the power company. For example, a consumer who has installed a device that uses midnight power and consumes much power in the midnight time zone selects an electricity price menu with a low unit price in the midnight time zone and makes a contract with an electric power company.

  Electric power measurement equipment corresponding to the contract contents is arranged at the consumer. The smart meter 12 can measure the power consumption for each predetermined period. For this reason, in the consumer in which the smart meter 12 is installed, the smart meter 12 can measure the power consumption corresponding to various menus. On the other hand, a watt-hour meter corresponding to the contract content is arranged for a consumer who does not have the smart meter 12 installed. For example, when the unit price of power is different for each time zone, a watt hour meter for measuring power consumption for each time zone is arranged. For this reason, it is possible to estimate the contents of the contract between the consumer and the power company from the type of measurement equipment installed at the consumer. The consumer selects an electricity rate menu that is cheaper in terms of his / her power consumption. For this reason, the 1st specific | specification part 41 can pinpoint the transition tendency of a consumer's power consumption from the measurement equipment information 32 of a consumer.

  Here, an example of the model facility information 34 stored in the storage unit 21 will be described. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of model facility information. The model facility information 34 is data storing various types of information related to the power consumption model. For example, the model facility information 34 stores information on main power measurement facilities installed in consumers of the power consumption model.

  As the model facility information 34, a table in which items such as a power consumption model, a phase line, a voltage, a current, a measurement time zone, and a breaker are associated can be adopted. The item of the power consumption model is an area for storing identification information for identifying the power consumption model. The item of the phase line is an area for storing the wiring system of the low-voltage line WL connected to the consumer. The item of voltage is an area for storing the rated voltage value of the measuring equipment installed in the consumer. The item of current is an area for storing the rated amperage value of the measuring equipment installed in the consumer. The item of the measurement time zone is an area for storing a time zone in which used power consumption is measured. The item of the breaker is an area for storing the breaking capacity of the breaker installed in the consumer. In the example of FIG. 11, the contract content estimated from the power consumption model is described in the contract type item for reference.

  The first specifying unit 41 is a processing unit that performs various types of specifying. For example, the 1st specific | specification part 41 specifies the power consumption model applied to the said consumer among several power consumption models based on the measurement equipment information 32 of a consumer. For example, the first specifying unit 41 reads out information on measurement equipment such as a phase line, voltage, current, measurement time zone, and breaker of each customer on which the smart meter 12 is not installed from the measurement equipment information 32. And the 1st specific | specification part 41 is information of a consumer's phase line, voltage, electric current, measurement time zone, and a breaker, and the phase line, voltage, electric current, measurement time zone of the power consumption model memorize | stored in the model equipment information 34 Compared with the information of the breaker, all matching power consumption models are specified.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of specifying a power consumption model to be applied to a consumer. For example, for the consumer B1, the power consumption model to be applied is specified as the power consumption model A. In addition, for the consumer B2, the power consumption model to be applied is specified as the power consumption model B. For the consumer B3, the power consumption model to be applied is specified as the power consumption model C. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the power consumption model in which all pieces of information on the measurement equipment match is specified. However, the power consumption model that specifies the power consumption model in which the information on the measurement equipment satisfies a predetermined similarity criterion is specified. Also good. For example, the first specifying unit 41 may specify a power consumption model to which a power consumption model in which a predetermined number of pieces of measurement facility information match is applied. In addition, the first specifying unit 41 may specify a power consumption model that applies a power consumption model in which specific items match and other items are most similar. For example, the first specifying unit 41 may specify a power consumption model to which a power consumption model having the same phase line, the closest voltage value, and the current value is applied.

  The first estimation unit 42 is a processing unit that performs various estimations. The 1st estimation part 42 estimates transition of the power consumption of each consumer in which the smart meter 12 is not installed. For example, the 1st estimation part 42 reads the power consumption amount and period of the consumer in which the power consumption model was specified from the 2nd power consumption information 31B. And the 1st estimation part 42 calculates | requires the power consumption per day of a consumer by dividing power consumption by the number of days of a period. Then, the first estimation unit 42 uses the model data 35 of the identified power consumption model to apportion the consumer's daily power consumption and estimates the consumer's power consumption for each hour. For example, the first estimating unit 42 accumulates the average power consumption for each hour indicated by the model data 35 of the power consumption model, and obtains the accumulated power consumption of the day in the power consumption model. Then, the first estimation unit 42 obtains the ratio of the consumer's daily power consumption to the accumulated power consumption of the day in the power consumption model, and uses the obtained ratio as the consumer's hourly power consumption. To estimate the amount of power consumed per hour by the consumer. That is, the 1st estimation part 42 deform | transforms a power consumption model according to a ratio, and estimates the power consumption amount for every time of a consumer. The first estimation unit 42 obtains the ratio of the power consumption amount of each hour to the total power consumption amount of the day in the power consumption model, and the consumption of each time with respect to the consumer's daily power consumption amount. You may obtain | require the power consumption amount for every time of a consumer by multiplying the ratio of electric energy.

  FIGS. 13A to 13C show an example of the result of estimating the amount of power consumption per hour of the consumer. FIG. 13A is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of estimating the power consumption for each time of the consumer B1. FIG. 13B is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of estimating the power consumption for each time of the consumer B2. FIG. 13C is a diagram illustrating an example of a result of estimating the power consumption for each time of the consumer B3. The consumer B1 apportions the consumer's power consumption per day using the waveform of the model data 35 of the power consumption model A shown in FIG. 10, and thereby the power consumption per hour as shown in FIG. 13A. Is estimated. The consumer B2 apportions the consumer's daily power consumption using the waveform of the model data 35 of the power consumption model B shown in FIG. Is estimated. The consumer B3 apportions the consumer's daily power consumption using the waveform of the model data 35 of the power consumption model C shown in FIG. Is estimated.

  Thus, the estimation apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment can estimate the power consumption for each hour even for a consumer who can obtain only the monthly power consumption.

  On the other hand, a consumer who does not obtain monthly power consumption estimates the power consumption per hour of the model data 35 of the power consumption model as the power consumption per hour of the consumer. For example, the consumer B3 in FIG. 7 has not obtained power consumption. In this case, the 1st estimation part 42 estimates the power consumption for every hour of the model data 35 of the consumer's power consumption model specified from the measurement equipment information 32 as the power consumption for every time of the said consumer. . For example, for the consumer B3, the power consumption model to be applied is specified as the power consumption model C. Then, the hourly power consumption amount of the model data 35 of the power consumption model C is estimated as the hourly power consumption amount of the consumer C.

  The first estimation unit 42 stores the power consumption per hour estimated by each consumer in the estimated power consumption information 36.

  The acquisition unit 43 is a processing unit that acquires various types of information used for various types of processing. For example, the acquisition unit 43 acquires the power consumption for each period of the estimation target consumer who estimates the unbalance rate. For example, when estimating the unbalance rate of the consumer in which the smart meter 12 is installed, the acquisition unit 43 reads out the power consumption data for each predetermined period of the consumer from the first power consumption information 31A. The amount of power consumption of the consumer where the smart meter 12 is installed is acquired. In addition, for example, when estimating the unbalance rate of a consumer in which the smart meter 12 is not installed, the acquisition unit 43 reads data on the power consumption amount for each predetermined period of the consumer from the estimated power consumption information 36. The power consumption of the consumer in which the smart meter 12 is installed is acquired. In the present embodiment, since the first power consumption information 31A and the estimated power consumption information 36 are stored in the storage unit 21, the acquisition unit 43 uses the power consumption for each period of the estimation target consumer from the storage unit 21. The amount is to be acquired, but is not limited to this. When the first power consumption information 31 </ b> A and the estimated power consumption information 36 are stored in another information processing apparatus, the acquisition unit 43 acquires the power consumption for each period of the estimation target consumer via the network 13. May be.

  By the way, some load facilities have a fixed time zone and time. For example, devices that use late-night power, such as electric water heaters, are mainly used in the late-night hours and consume much power. In addition, air conditioners use differently depending on the time and are used for air conditioning, so they consume a lot of power during the summer and winter.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transition of power consumption. In the example of FIG. 14, the transition of power consumption is shown by three graphs A to C. Graph B shows a change in power consumption of a consumer in which a device that uses late-night power such as an electric water heater is installed. Consumers with devices that use midnight power consume the most power during the midnight hours. Graph A shows the transition of power consumption in the summer of a consumer who does not have a device that uses midnight power. Graph C shows the transition of power consumption in the middle period of a consumer who does not have a device that uses midnight power. As shown in the graph A, in the summer, the air conditioner is continuously used, so that the power consumption during the day is large.

  In this way, the transition of the consumer's power consumption changes depending on the installed load equipment and the season. However, consumers with similar load facilities tend to have similar transitions in power consumption. For this reason, the load equipment currently used can be estimated from the characteristic of transition of the power consumption of a consumer. In addition, if the load equipment being used can be estimated, it is possible to estimate at most what kind of imbalance occurs in the distributed voltage.

  Here, an example of the unbalance rate information 37 stored in the storage unit 21 will be described. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data configuration of unbalance rate information. The unbalance rate information 37 is data storing the estimated unbalance rate for each time zone for each power consumption model. For example, in the unbalance rate information 37, the unbalance rate used for the portion where the power consumption is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold value and the unbalance rate used for the portion where the power consumption amount is less than the fourth threshold value are shown for each time. It is stored in association. As the fourth threshold value, an average value of power consumption up to a predetermined time before the target consumer whose unbalance rate is estimated is used. The predetermined time is, for example, 10 days. For example, when the consumer is a general household, the power consumption of the consumer varies depending on the size of the house. For this reason, dividing the power consumption amount of the consumer into the power consumption amount corresponding to the device used by the fourth threshold value by setting the fourth threshold value as the power consumption amount up to a predetermined time before the consumer. it can. For example, the power consumption of midnight time zone 1 in graph B of FIG. 14 is mainly power consumption by devices that use midnight power such as electric water heaters, but power consumption by devices other than devices that use midnight power. Is also included. That is, the power consumption for each time zone includes power consumption by different devices. Devices such as electric water heaters and air conditioners consume much power and generally use a voltage source of 200V. The voltage source of 200V is supplied with power from two voltage lines. For this reason, in an apparatus using a voltage source of 200 V, it is difficult to generate an unbalance in which the voltage drops only on one voltage line. On the other hand, the voltage source of 100V is supplied with power from one voltage line. For this reason, in an apparatus using a voltage source of 100 V, it is easy to generate an unbalance in which the voltage drops only on one voltage line. In order to reflect such a difference between devices, in this embodiment, the unbalance rate and power consumption used in the portion where the power consumption is equal to or greater than the fourth threshold value are less than the fourth threshold value in the unbalance rate information 37. The unbalance rate used for the part is stored. In the example of FIG. 15, the unbalance rate to be applied is assumed to be 1.00, assuming that the portion of the power consumption in the time zone 1 of graph B in FIG. 14 is the power consumption by the electric water heater or more. . Further, in the example of FIG. 15, the unbalance rate to be applied is set to 1.00, assuming that the power consumption of the time zone 4 in the graph A of FIG. .

  By the way, there may be a case where a distributed power source typified by household solar power generation is arranged at the consumer. In a consumer in which such a distributed power source is arranged, there may be a reverse power flow in which power flows from the consumer to the distribution facility of the distribution system. When a reverse power flow occurs in this way, a conversion device such as a power conditioner arranged together with the distributed power supply supplies the power of the reverse power flow to the distribution facility. For example, the converter causes reverse power flow to flow through two voltage lines. For this reason, when a reverse power flow is generated, unbalance is unlikely to occur between the two voltage lines. For this reason, when the reverse power flow has occurred, the unbalance rate can be estimated to be, for example, 1.00 or a predetermined value close to 1.00.

  The determination unit 44 is a processing unit that performs various determinations. For example, the determination unit 44 determines, for each hour, whether or not a reverse power flow in which power flows from the customer to the power distribution facility is generated. Any method may be used to determine whether a reverse power flow has occurred. For example, in the low-voltage line WL, when a reverse power flow is generated, the voltage of a node connected to a customer generating the reverse power flow is higher than that on the upstream side. The determination unit 44 determines that reverse power flow has occurred when the voltage measured by the consumer is higher than the voltage upstream of the consumer. Note that the method for determining the reverse power flow is not limited to this. For example, the determination unit 44 may determine whether or not a reverse power flow has occurred based on a shift in voltage and current phase of each electric wire of the low-voltage line WL.

  The second identification unit 45 is a processing unit that performs various types of identification. For example, the 2nd specific | specification part 45 specifies the characteristic of transition of power consumption for every consumer from the data of power consumption for every predetermined period of a consumer. For example, the second specifying unit 45 has the largest power consumption from the waveform of the power consumption for each hour as the characteristic of the transition of the power consumption, as in the case of estimating the transition of the power consumption of the consumer. One peak and a second peak with the second largest power consumption are specified. Then, the second specifying unit 45 specifies which power consumption model stored in the model information 33 corresponds to the pattern of the first peak and the second peak of the power consumption.

  The output unit 46 is a processing unit that performs various outputs. For example, the output unit 46 outputs the unbalance rate for each time to the storage unit 21 and stores it as the unbalance rate transition information 38. For example, for the time when it is determined that no reverse power flow has occurred, the output unit 46 outputs the unbalance rate for that time of the power consumption model. For example, the output unit 46 outputs the unbalance rate used for the portion where the power consumption amount of the power consumption model is equal to or greater than the fourth threshold value as the unbalance rate of the portion where the power consumption amount is equal to or greater than the fourth threshold value. The output unit 46 outputs the unbalance rate used for the portion where the power consumption amount of the power consumption model is less than the fourth threshold value as the unbalance rate for the portion where the power consumption amount is less than the fourth threshold value. As the fourth threshold, an average value of power consumption until a predetermined time before the consumer is used. The predetermined time is, for example, 10 days. On the other hand, the output unit 46 outputs a predetermined value as the unbalance rate for the time when it is determined that the reverse power flow is occurring. Thereby, the unbalance rate for each customer is stored in the unbalance rate transition information 38.

  The calculation unit 47 is a processing unit that performs various calculations. For example, the calculation unit 47 calculates the amount of electric power distributed from the unbalance rate to the consumer by two voltage lines every time. For example, the calculation unit 47 reads out the power consumption amount of each time of the consumer where the smart meter 12 is installed from the first power consumption information 31A. In addition, the calculation unit 47 reads the power consumption amount for each hour of the consumer where the smart meter 12 is not installed from the estimated power consumption information 36. And the calculation part 47 supplies electric power consumption from two voltage lines using the unbalance rate of the said consumer memorize | stored in the imbalance rate transition information 38 for the consumed electric energy of a consumer for every time. The calculated two power consumption amounts are calculated. The divided power consumption amounts are set as divided power consumption amounts W1 and W2. When the unbalance rate is 1.00, the divided power consumptions W1 and W2 are equal. When the unbalance rate is larger than 1.00, one of the divided power consumption amounts W1 and W2 is a large value. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the divided power consumption W1 is equal to or greater than the divided power consumption W2.

  Here, in this embodiment, the unbalance rate is in the range of 1.00 to 2.00, and 1.00 indicates equilibrium. When the unbalance rate with respect to time is 1, the calculation unit 47 multiplies the power consumption by the unbalance rate / 2.00 to obtain the divided power consumption W1. Further, the calculation unit 47 subtracts the divided power consumption W1 from the power consumption to obtain a divided power consumption W2.

  In addition, the calculation unit 47 has two unbalance rates with respect to time: an unbalance rate for a portion where the power consumption is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold value, and an unbalance rate for a portion where the power consumption amount is less than the fourth threshold value. In some cases, the divided power consumptions W1 and W2 are separately obtained for a portion where the power consumption is equal to or greater than the fourth threshold and a portion where the power consumption is less than the fourth threshold. For example, the calculation unit 47 obtains the divided power consumption W1 by multiplying the power consumption amount equal to or greater than the fourth threshold value by the unbalance rate / 2.00 of the portion equal to or greater than the fourth threshold value. In addition, the calculation unit 47 subtracts the divided power consumption W1 from the power consumption greater than or equal to the fourth threshold to obtain the divided power consumption W2. The calculation unit 47 similarly obtains the divided power consumptions W1 and W2 for the power consumption less than the fourth threshold using the unbalance rate of the portion less than the fourth threshold. And the calculation part 47 is divided | segmented consumption calculated | required from the larger divided | segmented consumed electric energy W1 and W2 calculated | required from the consumed electric energy more than 4th threshold value, and the consumed electric energy less than 4th threshold value. A divided power consumption is calculated by adding the larger divided power consumption of the power amounts W1 and W2. This divided power consumption is the power consumption distributed from the voltage line when the power consumption is most uneven.

  The second estimation unit 48 is a processing unit that performs various estimations. For example, the second estimation unit 48 estimates the voltage distributed to the two voltage lines, assuming that one of the two voltage lines has a large amount of power consumption in one of the voltage lines. For example, the second estimation unit 48 estimates the voltage distributed to the low-voltage line, assuming that the divided power consumption W1 of each consumer is distributed from the same wire for each same system. That is, the 2nd estimation part 48 estimates the voltage distributed to a voltage line, when the power consumption of each consumer is the most biased. This estimated voltage is the voltage when the unbalance occurs most. For this reason, when the estimated voltage is within an allowable range, the power distribution system can stably distribute power.

  The display control unit 49 is a processing unit that performs various display controls. For example, the display control unit 49 transmits the screen information indicating the status of the power distribution system at each time from the estimation result of the second estimation unit 48 to the client terminal 11 and causes the client terminal 11 to display the screen information. For example, the display control unit 49 transmits image information on a screen displaying the voltage value of each consumer in the distribution system as a graph and causes the client terminal 11 to display the image information. Thereby, the display control part 49 is good also as what displays the condition of the power distribution system of the time when the imbalance has generate | occur | produced most in the voltage of a consumer. Moreover, the display control part 49 may output the information regarding the condition of a power distribution system as a file. Thereby, the person in charge of the power distribution department can grasp the occurrence of the unbalance. For example, the person in charge in the power distribution department can grasp the situation of the power distribution system when the power consumption of each consumer is most uneven.

  Note that various integrated circuits and electronic circuits can be employed for the control unit 22. Further, a part of the functional unit included in the control unit 22 may be another integrated circuit or an electronic circuit. For example, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) is an example of the integrated circuit. Examples of the electronic circuit include a central processing unit (CPU) and a micro processing unit (MPU).

[Process flow]
Then, the flow of the various processes which the estimation apparatus 10 which concerns on a present Example performs is demonstrated. First, the flow of generation processing in which the estimation apparatus 10 generates the model data 35 of the power consumption model will be described. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the generation process. This generation process is started at a predetermined timing, for example, a timing at which generation of a model is instructed from the client terminal 11.

  As illustrated in FIG. 16, the generation unit 40 selects an unselected consumer among the consumers where the smart meter 12 is installed from the first power consumption information 31A (S10). The production | generation part 40 reads the waveform data of the power consumption for every predetermined period of the selected consumer (S11). The generation unit 40 obtains an average power consumption amount for each hour for each predetermined period of the consumer from the power consumption amount for each predetermined period of the consumer, and the first peak and the second peak of the power consumption amount Is specified (S12).

  The generation unit 40 determines whether or not the selected consumer resides based on whether or not the power consumption of the first peak is equal to or less than the first threshold (S13). When the power consumption of the first peak is equal to or lower than the first threshold (Yes in S13), the generation unit 40 determines that the customer is a non-resident consumer and excludes the read waveform data (S14). On the other hand, when the power consumption of the first peak is not less than or equal to the first threshold (No in S13), the generation unit 40 selects the demand selected based on whether or not the power consumption of the selected consumer's month is less than or equal to the second threshold. It is determined whether the house is a vacant house (S15). When the monthly power consumption of the selected consumer is equal to or less than the second threshold (Yes at S15), the generation unit 40 determines that the consumer is a vacant house and excludes the read waveform data (S14). . On the other hand, if the consumer's monthly power consumption is not less than or equal to the second threshold, the generating unit 40 causes the selected consumer to receive excessive power depending on whether the selected consumer's monthly power consumption is greater than or equal to the third threshold. It is determined whether or not the consumer is a consumer (S16). If the monthly power consumption of the selected consumer is greater than or equal to the third threshold (Yes in S16), the generation unit 40 determines that the consumer consumes excessive power and excludes the read waveform data (S14). On the other hand, when the monthly power consumption of the selected consumer is less than the third threshold (No in S16), the generation unit 40 determines that all the consumers where the smart meter 12 is installed from the first power consumption information 31A. It is determined whether the selection is completed (S17). When selection of all the consumers is not completed (No at S17), the process proceeds to S10 described above.

  When selection of all the consumers is completed (Yes in S17), the generation unit 40 generates power consumption data based on the first peak and the second peak of the power consumption waveform of each consumer that is not excluded. Is a power consumption model (S18). And the production | generation part 40 averages the power consumption of the consumer classified into the said power consumption model for every power consumption model for every hour, The model data 35 which showed the average power consumption for every time is shown. Generated for each power consumption model (S19). The generation unit 40 stores the generated model data 35 of the power consumption model in the storage unit 21 (S20), and ends the process.

  Next, the flow of the power consumption estimation process in which the estimation apparatus 10 estimates the transition of the power consumption of the consumer using the model data 35 of the power consumption model will be described. FIG. 17 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of power consumption estimation processing. This power consumption estimation process is started at a predetermined timing, for example, at a timing when the client terminal 11 is instructed to start estimating power consumption of the consumer. The power consumption estimation process may be executed following the generation process.

  The 1st specific | specification part 41 selects an unselected consumer among the consumers in which the smart meter 12 is not installed (S50). The 1st specific | specification part 41 specifies the power consumption model applied to the selected consumer among several power consumption models (S51). For example, the first specifying unit 41 reads information on measurement facilities such as the phase line, voltage, current, measurement time zone, and breaker of the selected consumer from the measurement facility information 32. And the 1st specific | specification part 41 is information of a consumer's phase line, voltage, electric current, measurement time zone, and a breaker, and the phase line, voltage, electric current, measurement time zone of the power consumption model memorize | stored in the model equipment information 34 Compared with the information of the breaker, all matching power consumption models are specified.

  The first estimation unit 42 reads the power consumption and period of the selected consumer from the second power consumption information 31B, divides the power consumption by the number of days in the period, and obtains the consumer's daily power consumption (S52). ). Using the model data 35 of the identified power consumption model, the first estimation unit 42 apportions the consumer's power consumption per day and estimates the consumer's power consumption per hour (S53).

  The 1st estimation part 42 determines whether selection of all the consumers in which the smart meter 12 is not installed was completed (S54). When selection of all the consumers has not been completed (No at S54), the process proceeds to S50 described above.

  When selection of all the consumers is completed (Yes at S54), the first estimation unit 42 stores the estimated power consumption amount 36 for each consumer in the estimated power consumption information 36 (S55), and ends the process. To do.

  Next, the flow of the unbalance rate estimation process in which the estimation device 10 estimates the unbalance rate for each time of the customer will be described. FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the unbalance rate estimation process. The unbalance rate estimation process is started at a predetermined timing, for example, at a timing when the client terminal 11 is instructed to start estimating the unbalance rate for each time of the customer. Note that the unbalance rate estimation process may be executed following the power consumption estimation process.

  As illustrated in FIG. 18, the acquisition unit 43 selects an unselected consumer among the estimation target consumers for estimating the unbalance rate (S100). The acquisition unit 43 reads the waveform data of the power consumption for each predetermined period of the selected consumer (S101). For example, when the selected consumer is a consumer in which the smart meter 12 is installed, the acquisition unit 43 reads out power consumption data for each predetermined period of the consumer from the first power consumption information 31A. In addition, when the selected consumer is a consumer in which the smart meter 12 is not installed, the acquisition unit 43 reads out power consumption data for each predetermined period from the estimated power consumption information 36.

  The second specifying unit 45 obtains the average power consumption amount of each hour for each predetermined period of the consumer from the power consumption amount of the consumer for each predetermined period, and calculates the first peak and the first of the power consumption amount. Two peaks are identified (S102). The second specifying unit 45 specifies which power consumption model stored in the model information 33 corresponds to the pattern of the first peak and the second peak of the power consumption (S103).

  The 2nd specific | specification part 45 selects the unselected time among the time of the estimation object which estimates the unbalance rate of the selected consumer (S104). The determination unit 44 determines whether or not a reverse power flow in which power flows from the consumer to the distribution facility is generated at the selected time (S105). When the reverse power flow has not occurred (No at S105), the output unit 46 unbalances the selected time imbalance rate of the specified power consumption model as the selected consumer's selected time imbalance rate. The data is output to the rate transition information 38 (S106), and the process proceeds to S108 described later.

  On the other hand, when the reverse power flow has occurred (Yes in S105), the output unit 46 outputs a predetermined value to the unbalance rate transition information 38 as the unbalance rate of the selected consumer for the selected time (S107). ), The process proceeds to S108 described later.

  The output unit 46 determines whether or not the selection of the estimation target time for estimating the unbalance rate has been completed (S108). If all the estimation target times have not been selected (No at S108), the process proceeds to S104 described above. On the other hand, when all the estimation target times have been selected (Yes at S108), the output unit 46 determines whether all the estimation target consumers have been selected (S109). If all of the estimation target consumers have not been selected (No at S109), the process proceeds to S100 described above. On the other hand, if all of the estimation target consumers have been selected (Yes at S109), the process ends.

[Effect of Example 1]
As described above, the estimation device 10 acquires the power consumption amount for each predetermined period of a consumer to whom power is distributed by the single-phase three-wire method. Moreover, the estimation apparatus 10 is applied to a consumer among a plurality of power consumption models in which a transition of power consumption per hour and an unbalance rate per hour are associated with each other from the transition of power consumption per predetermined period. Identify the power consumption model to be used. And the estimation apparatus 10 outputs the unbalance rate in each time of the specified electric power consumption model as an unbalance rate for every time of a consumer. Thereby, since the estimation apparatus 10 can obtain | require the unbalanced condition which generate | occur | produces in the voltage distributed to a consumer from the unbalance rate for every time of a consumer, the estimation precision of the voltage distributed to a consumer falls Can be suppressed.

  Moreover, the estimation apparatus 10 refers to data in which the first unbalance rate and the second unbalance rate different from the first unbalance rate are associated with each time of the power consumption model. And the estimation apparatus 10 outputs the 1st unbalance rate corresponding to the said time as an unbalance rate of the part which is more than the threshold value corresponding to the said time among power consumption. Moreover, the estimation apparatus 10 outputs the 2nd unbalance rate corresponding to the said time as an unbalance rate of the part which is less than the threshold value corresponding to the said time among power consumption. The estimation device 10 includes the amount of electric power distributed by each of the two voltage lines of the single-phase three-wire method calculated from the output first unbalance rate and the portion that is equal to or greater than the threshold value of the power consumption amount. Add the large amount of power and the large amount of power out of the amount of power distributed by the two voltage lines calculated from the output second unbalance rate and less than the threshold value of the consumed power amount Calculate the amount of power. And the estimation apparatus 10 estimates the voltage of the said one voltage line at the time of distributing the calculated electric energy with the voltage line of any one of two voltage lines. Thereby, the estimation apparatus 10 can presume what kind of imbalance will arise in the voltage distributed to a consumer at maximum.

  Moreover, the estimation apparatus 10 uses the average value of power consumption until a predetermined time before the consumer as the fourth threshold value. Thereby, the estimation apparatus 10 can divide power consumption into the power consumption of each used apparatus, even when power consumption differs.

Moreover, the estimation apparatus 10 determines for every said time whether the reverse power flow from which electric power flows from a consumer to a power distribution installation has generate | occur | produced. When it is determined that no reverse power flow has occurred, the estimation device 10 outputs the unbalance rate for the time of the specified power consumption model. When it is determined that a reverse power flow is occurring, the estimation device 10 outputs a predetermined value as the unbalance rate of the consumer for the time. Thereby, the estimation apparatus 10 can estimate the unbalance rate when the reverse power flow is occurring.

  Although the embodiments related to the disclosed apparatus have been described above, the present invention may be implemented in various different forms other than the above-described embodiments. Therefore, another embodiment included in the present invention will be described below.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the smart meter 12 transmits power consumption information for each predetermined period has been described for the consumer in which the smart meter 12 is installed. However, the disclosed apparatus is not limited thereto. For example, various information measured for each predetermined period by the smart meter 12 may be collected at the time of monthly meter reading performed by an electric power company.

  In the above embodiment, the case where two unbalance rates are stored in the unbalance rate information 37 for each time zone has been described, but the disclosed apparatus is not limited to this. For example, the unbalance rate for each time zone may be one. Further, the unbalance rate may be stored in the unbalance rate information 37 according to the consumer's power consumption and time zone.

[Distribution and integration]
In addition, each component of each illustrated apparatus does not necessarily need to be physically configured as illustrated. In other words, the specific form of distribution / integration of each device is not limited to that shown in the figure, and all or a part thereof may be functionally or physically distributed or arbitrarily distributed in arbitrary units according to various loads or usage conditions. Can be integrated and configured. For example, the generation unit 40, the first specification unit 41, the first estimation unit 42, the acquisition unit 43, the determination unit 44, the second specification unit 45, the output unit 46, and the calculation unit 47 of the above embodiment. The second estimation unit 48 and the display control unit 49 may be connected as an external device of the estimation device 10 via the network 13. In addition, the generation unit 40, the first specification unit 41, the first estimation unit 42, the acquisition unit 43, the determination unit 44, the second specification unit 45, the output unit 46, the calculation unit 47, and the second Another device may have the estimation unit 48 and the display control unit 49, and the functions of the estimation device 10 described above may be realized by network connection and cooperation. Further, the estimation device 10 may be configured by the acquisition unit 43, the second specification unit 45, and the output unit 46. In addition, the estimation device 10 may be configured by the acquisition unit 43, the determination unit 44, and the output unit 46.

[Estimation program]
The various processes described in the above embodiments can be realized by executing a prepared program on a computer such as a personal computer or a workstation. Therefore, in the following, an example of a computer that executes an estimation program having the same function as in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a computer that executes an estimation program.

  As illustrated in FIG. 19, the computer 300 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 310, a read only memory (ROM) 320, a hard disk drive (HDD) 330, and a random access memory (RAM) 340. These units 310 to 340 are connected via a bus 400.

  The ROM 320 stores in advance an estimation program 320a that exhibits the same function as each processing unit of the above embodiment. For example, the generation unit 40, the first specification unit 41, the first estimation unit 42, the acquisition unit 43, the determination unit 44, the second specification unit 45, the output unit 46, and the calculation unit 47 of the above embodiment. And the estimation program 320a which exhibits the same function as the 2nd estimation part 48 and the display control part 49 is memorize | stored. Note that the estimation program 320a may be separated as appropriate.

  Then, the CPU 310 reads out and executes the estimation program 320a from the ROM 320, thereby executing the same operation as in the above embodiment. That is, the estimation program 320a includes the generation unit 40, the first specification unit 41, the first estimation unit 42, the acquisition unit 43, the determination unit 44, the second specification unit 45, the output unit 46, and the calculation unit. 47, the 2nd estimation part 48, and the operation | movement similar to the display control part 49 are performed.

  Note that the above-described estimation program 320a is not necessarily stored in the ROM 320 from the beginning. The estimation program 320a may be stored in the HDD 330.

  For example, the program is stored in a “portable physical medium” such as a flexible disk (FD), a CD-ROM, a DVD disk, a magneto-optical disk, or an IC card inserted into the computer 300. Then, the computer 300 may read and execute the program from these.

  Furthermore, the program is stored in “another computer (or server)” connected to the computer 300 via a public line, the Internet, a LAN, a WAN, or the like. Then, the computer 300 may read and execute the program from these.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Estimation apparatus 12 Smart meter 13 Network 21 Storage part 22 Control part 30 Power distribution system information 31 Power consumption information 31A 1st power consumption information 31B 2nd power consumption information 32 Measurement equipment information 33 Model information 34 Model equipment information 35 Model data 36 Estimation Power consumption information 37 Unbalance rate information 38 Unbalance rate transition information 40 Generation unit 41 First identification unit 42 First estimation unit 43 Acquisition unit 44 Determination unit 45 Second identification unit 46 Output unit 47 Calculation unit 48 Second estimation unit 49 Display control unit

Claims (3)

Acquire the power consumption for each predetermined period of the customer who distributes power by single-phase three-wire system,
It is determined for each hour whether or not a reverse power flow in which power flows from the consumer to the power distribution facility occurs,
When it is determined that the reverse power flow is occurring, the first value is output as the unbalance rate for the time. When it is determined that the reverse power flow is not generated, the first value is Output a second value with a large degree of imbalance,
An estimation program that causes a computer to execute processing. Acquire the power consumption for each predetermined period of the customer who distributes power by single-phase three-wire system,
It is determined for each hour whether or not a reverse power flow in which power flows from the consumer to the power distribution facility occurs,
When it is determined that the reverse power flow is occurring, the first value is output as the unbalance rate for the time. When it is determined that the reverse power flow is not generated, the first value is Output a second value with a large degree of imbalance,
An estimation method, wherein a computer executes a process. An acquisition unit for acquiring power consumption for each predetermined period of a customer to whom electric power is distributed by a single-phase three-wire method;
A determination unit that determines, every hour, whether or not a reverse power flow in which power flows from the consumer to the power distribution facility occurs,
When it is determined that the reverse power flow is occurring, the first value is output as the unbalance rate for the time. When it is determined that the reverse power flow is not generated, the first value is An output unit for outputting a second value having a large degree of unbalance;
The estimation apparatus characterized by having.

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