JP6303999B2 - Vehicle door - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle door.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a structure of a vehicle door having a composite door in which a slide opening / closing door and a swing opening / closing door are combined. The door is disposed on the side of the automobile, and has a configuration in which the entire entrance / exit of the vehicle body is closed by two panel members, a first door panel and a second door panel arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the automobile. The first door panel opens and closes by sliding movement. When opening this door, first the first door panel on the front side is slid rearward and overlapped on the outside of the second door panel. Thereby, the front half of the opening can be opened. When the first door panel is fully opened, the first door panel is detached from the slide rail of the vehicle body and is held by the second door panel. The second door panel has a rear end coupled to the vehicle body via a hinge mechanism, and opens and closes by rotating. By rotating the second door panel together with the overlapped first door panel, the rear half of the opening can be opened and the opening can be fully opened.

JP 2011-46271 A

  Since such a door is rotated and opened in a thick state in which two door panels are overlapped, when the door is opened, it largely projects to the side of the automobile. For this reason, there is a case in which the entrance / exit cannot be sufficiently opened in a narrow space or the opening / closing operation is difficult.

  Accordingly, the present invention has an object to provide a vehicle door that can provide a variation in the opening and closing mode of the door by combining the slide mechanism and the swing mechanism while suppressing the overhanging dimension of the door when opened. did.

The present invention relates to a vehicle door that opens and closes a vehicle body opening formed from the position of at least a second row seat to the position of the third row seat of a vehicle body having three rows of seats in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. A first door member having an opening; and a second door member that opens and closes the door opening of the first door member and opens and closes the vehicle body opening together with the first door member. , via a sliding mechanism is connected to the vehicle body slidably, the second door member is coupled to the first door member rotatably via a hinge structure, the first door member The second door member is configured to be slidable in the opening direction to a position where the second door member can be disposed on the side of the third row of seats .

  According to such a door, the second door member that is opened and closed by the hinge mechanism is built in the first door member that is opened and closed by the slide mechanism that projects outwardly from the vehicle body opening when opened. Therefore, a variation can be given to the opening and closing mode of the door while keeping the overhanging dimension of the door when opened.

  Preferably, a door opening portion of the first door member is formed to extend in an opening direction from an end on a closing direction side by sliding of the first door member, and the second door member is formed of the first door member. An end portion on the opening direction side by the slide is connected to the first door member via the hinge structure.

In this case, even if the size of the opening is further increased, it is possible to fully open the opening while keeping the protruding dimension of the door small.
Here, the first door member is attached to the vehicle body via a roller of the slide mechanism provided on the first door member side and a rail of the slide mechanism provided on the vehicle body side and guiding the roller. It is connected.
Further, at least one of the upper side and the lower side of the end portion on the rotation free end side of the second door member is configured to be lockable to at least one of the upper end and the lower end of the door opening of the first door member. ing.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the vehicle door which can provide a variation in the opening / closing aspect of a door combining a slide mechanism and a swing mechanism can be provided, suppressing the overhang dimension of the door when opened.

It is a side view of the vehicle provided with the door which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, and is a figure which shows the fully closed state of a door. It is a side view of the vehicle shown by FIG. 1, and is a figure which shows the 1st open state of a door. It is a side view of the vehicle shown by FIG. 1, and is a figure which shows the 2nd open state of a door. It is a schematic diagram of the vehicle body concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the door concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 6 is a VI-VI sectional view of the vehicle shown in FIG. 1. It is VII-VII sectional drawing of the vehicle shown by FIG. It is VIII-VIII sectional drawing of the vehicle shown by FIG. It is IX-IX sectional drawing of the vehicle shown by FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the fully closed state and 3rd open state of a door corresponding to the XX cross section of the vehicle shown by FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 1st open state of the door shown by FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the 2nd open state of the door shown by FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged perspective view showing a vehicle showing a second open state of the door shown in FIG. 3.

  In this embodiment, the door 31 with which the vehicle 11 which is a one box type motor vehicle was equipped is illustrated. Each direction indicated by an arrow in the figure indicates each direction in the vehicle 11.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the vehicle 11 includes three rows of seats S1, S2, and S3 in the front-rear direction, and is installed facing the front of the vehicle 11, respectively. On the side surface of the vehicle body 13 constituting the vehicle 11, a vehicle body opening 15 for getting on and off the front row seat S1, and a seat S2 in the second row from the front and a seat S3 in the third row from the front Two openings with the vehicle body opening 21 are formed side by side. The front vehicle body opening 15 is opened and closed by a swing opening / closing type door (front door) 17 whose front end is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 13. The rear vehicle body opening 21 is opened and closed by a door 31 according to the present embodiment. In the present specification, hereinafter, the second-row seat S2 and the third-row seat S3 that can be boarded and exited by opening the door 31 are referred to as a front row seat and a rear row seat, respectively.

  The vehicle body opening 21 opened and closed by the door 31 of the present embodiment is the same as the front row seat S2 without sliding the front row seat S2 back and forth or tilting the backrest when the front row seat S2 is in the normal seating use state. It is the size which can be boarded / alighted on both of the back row sheets S3. Here, as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the normal seating use state is arranged at the normal front and rear positions where the front seat S2 and the rear seat S3 can be seated, and the backrest is normal. This is a state in which the seated person stands in a standing position to support the back of the seated person. In the present specification, the description of the relative positional relationship with the seat indicates the relative relationship when the seat is in the normal seating use state unless otherwise specified. An upper end edge 21 c of the vehicle body opening 21 is defined by a roof side rail 25 that extends in the front-rear direction at the upper part of the side surface of the vehicle body 13. A lower end edge 21 d of the vehicle body opening 21 is defined by a rocker panel 26 that extends in the front-rear direction at the upper side of the vehicle body 13. The front end edge 21a and the rear end edge 21b of the vehicle body opening 21 are partitioned by pillars 27 and 28, respectively. The front end edge 21a of the vehicle body opening 21 is positioned on the front side of the front row seat S2, and is formed in a substantially linear shape in the vertical direction. As a result, the vehicle body opening 21 communicates with a passenger boarding / alighting space A2 formed in front of the front row seat S2 and seated on the front row seat S2. The vehicle body opening 21 also leads to a passenger's getting-on / off space A3 formed between the front row seat S2 and the rear row seat S3 and seated on the rear row seat S3. Therefore, the rear end edge 21b of the vehicle body opening 21 is located on the side of the rear row seat S3. The rear end edge 21b of the vehicle body opening 21 has an upper portion that bulges backward and a lower portion that gently curves forward.

  The door 31 includes a first door member 41 that closes a part of the vehicle body opening 21 and a second door member 71 that closes the other part.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the first door member 41 closes substantially half of the rear side of the vehicle body opening 21 when the door 31 is completely closed (fully closed state). The first door member 41 includes a main part 45 having a size capable of closing substantially half of the rear side of the vehicle body opening 21, an elongated upper frame part 47 extending forward from the upper end of the front end of the main part 45, An elongated lower frame portion 49 extending forward from the lower end portion of the front end of the portion 45. The upper frame portion 47 extends forward along the upper end edge 21 c of the vehicle body opening 21 in a state where the door 31 is completely closed, and the front end thereof reaches the front end edge 21 a of the vehicle body opening 21. The lower frame portion 49 extends forward along the lower end edge 21 d of the vehicle body opening 21 in a state where the door 31 is completely closed, and the front end thereof reaches the front end edge 21 a of the vehicle body opening 21.

  The first door member 41 has a door opening 51 that communicates with the vehicle body opening 21. The door opening 51 is provided so as to be surrounded by the upper frame portion 47, the lower frame portion 49, and the main portion 45. Therefore, the door opening 51 is formed to extend rearward from the front end of the first door member 41, and overlaps with a substantially half of the front side of the vehicle body opening 21 when the door 31 is completely closed. As shown in FIG. 6, the upper frame portion 47 is disposed so as to overlap the outside of the roof side rail 25 that constitutes both side portions of the roof portion of the vehicle body 13. As shown in FIG. 13, the upper end of the lower frame portion 49 is disposed at a height substantially equal to the step 52 provided for ascending and descending from the door opening 51 to the floor surface in the vehicle interior. The door opening 51 is opened and closed by a second door member 71 as will be described later.

  The first door member 41 is formed mainly with the first door panel 43. As shown in FIG. 7 and the like, the first door panel 43 includes an outer panel 43a that constitutes the outer surface design of the vehicle 11, and an inner panel 43b that reinforces the outer panel 43a from the inner surface side. The periphery is joined to form a closed cross section. As shown in FIG. 1, in the main portion 45 of the first door member 41, a window opening 44h leading to the vehicle body opening 21 is formed in the first door panel 43, and a window glass 44g is fitted into the window 45g. 44 is formed. Each of the upper frame portion 47 and the lower frame portion 49 is formed by extending the first door panel 43 forward from the main portion 45.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first door member 41 is connected to the vehicle body 13 via the slide mechanism 53. The slide mechanism 53 enables the first door member 41 to slide in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 11. The slide mechanism 53 includes rails (upper rail 55a, lower rail 55b, center rail 55c) provided on the vehicle body 13, and rollers (upper roller 57a, lower rail) provided on the first door member 41 that is guided by the rail and rolls. Roller 57b and center roller 57c).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the upper roller 57 a is provided at the front end of the upper frame portion 47, which is the front end of the upper end portion of the first door member 41, and extends from the first door member 41 to the inside of the vehicle 11. It is pivotally supported at the tip of the base arm. The lower roller 57 b is provided at the front end of the lower frame portion 49, which is the front end of the lower end portion of the first door member 41, and is pivoted to the tip of the base arm that protrudes inward of the vehicle 11 from the first door member 41. It is supported. The center roller 57c is provided in the middle in the vertical direction of the rear end portion of the main portion 45, which is the rear end portion of the first door member 41, and extends from the first door member 41 to the inside of the vehicle 11. It is pivotally supported at the tip.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the vehicle body 13, the upper rail 55 a for guiding the upper roller 57 a is on the upper edge of the vehicle body opening 21, and the lower rail 55 b for guiding the lower roller 57 b is the lower edge of the vehicle body opening 21. It is arranged. The upper rail 55a and the lower rail 55b extend from the front end of the vehicle body opening 21 to the front and rear positions near the backrest of the front row seat S2. The center rail 55c for guiding the center roller 57c is provided on the side wall surface 23 of the vehicle body 13 behind the vehicle body opening 21 and extends from the rear edge 21b of the vehicle body opening 21 to the vicinity of the rear end of the vehicle body 13. It extends. The position of the rear end edge 21b of the vehicle body opening 21 where the center rail 55c is provided is a position in front of the position of the vehicle body opening 21 that bulges most rearward. Each rail 55 a, 55 b, 55 c is provided so as to extend in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 13, and its front end is curved inward of the vehicle body 13. According to the slide mechanism 53, the first door member 41 basically slides in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 13, but is also displaced inward or outward of the vehicle body 13. In the closed state, the first door member 41 is flush with the side wall surface 23 of the vehicle body 13 in which the vehicle body opening 21 is fitted. When the first door member 41 is opened, the first door member 41 first slides backward while being displaced outwardly, overlaps the outside of the side wall surface 23, and slides rearward along the side wall surface 23. When the first door member 41 is closed, the reverse movement is performed. As for the opening and closing direction of the first door member 41 by sliding, the rear corresponds to the opening direction of the present invention and the front corresponds to the closing direction of the present invention. The first door member 41 is connected to the vehicle body 13 in a state where the connection by the slide mechanism 53 is not released. In other words, the door 31 is always connected to the vehicle body 13 through the slide mechanism 53 regardless of the opening / closing mode of the door 31, and the rollers (upper roller 57a, lower roller 57b, center roller 57c) are rails (upper rail 55a, lower rail 55b, It does not leave the center rail 55c).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the second door member 71 is attached to the first door member 41 and opens and closes the door opening 51 of the first door member 41. The rear end of the second door member 71 is connected to the rear edge of the door opening 51 of the first door member 41 via the hinge mechanism 73. In the closed state, the second door member 71 fits into the door opening 51 of the first door member 41 and is flush with the first door member 41. When the second door member 71 is opened, the second door member 71 is rotated outward of the vehicle 11 around the rear end side. The door 31 includes a check arm 74 that regulates the rotation angle of the second door member 71, and maintains the state of the second door member 71 in a maximum open state and a specific open state.

  The second door member 71 is formed mainly with the second door panel 75. As shown in FIG. 8 and the like, the second door panel 75 includes an outer panel 75a that constitutes the outer surface design of the vehicle 11, and an inner panel 75b that reinforces the outer panel 75a from the inner surface side. The periphery is joined to form a closed cross section. The second door panel 75 is notched at the rear side of the upper part, and the upper part and the rear part are surrounded by a window frame 81 to form a window opening 77h (see FIGS. 6 and 7). A window glass 77g is fitted into the window opening 77h to form a window 77. The window opening 77h is provided with a glass run 83 that seals the end of the window glass 77g in a slidable state, and the window glass 77g is slid up and down while being held by the glass run 83. To do.

  The window frame 81 includes a frame main body portion 81a, a glass run holding portion 81b, a glass run restricting portion 81c, and a weather strip holding portion 81d. The frame body 81a has a substantially rectangular cross section. The glass run holding portion 81b and the glass run restricting portion 81c are provided on the surface of the frame main body portion 81a facing the outside of the vehicle 11, and the glass run holding portion 81b is located on the outer peripheral side of the window frame 81. The run restricting portion 81 c is located on the inner peripheral side of the window frame 81. The glass run holding portion 81 b is formed in a plate shape that projects outward from the vehicle 11. The glass run restricting portion 81c is a protrusion that protrudes outward from the vehicle 11, and the degree of protrusion is smaller than that of the glass run holding portion 81b. The glass run 83 includes a pair of band-like lip portions 83a and 83b that seal the window glass 77g in a slidable manner with the window glass 77g interposed between the inside and the outside of the vehicle 11. The lip portion 83b inside the vehicle 11 is restricted from entering the inside of the vehicle 11 by the inner surface of the vehicle 11 coming into contact with the glass run restricting portion 81c. The glass run 83 includes a groove portion 83c that fits outside the glass run holding portion 81b, and the groove portion 83c is attached to the window frame 81 by fitting outside the glass run holding portion 81b. The glass run 83 includes a belt-like seal portion 83 d that projects in the outer peripheral direction of the window opening 77 h, and comes into contact with the peripheral edge of the door opening 51 of the first door member 41 so as to contact the first door member 41 and the second door member 71. To close the gap. The weather strip holding portion 81d is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the window frame 81 facing the periphery of the door opening 51 of the first door member 41, and the base portion of the weather strip 99a is fitted therein.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the door 31 includes a first lock mechanism 33, a second lock mechanism 35, and a third lock mechanism 37.

  The first lock mechanism 33 detachably engages the front end portion of the door 31 with the front end edge 21 a of the vehicle body opening 21 of the vehicle body 13. The first lock mechanism 33 includes an engaging portion (latch) 33a provided on the door 31 and an engaged portion (striker) 33b provided on the vehicle body 13 with which the engaging portion 33a engages. The engaging portion 33 a is provided in the middle of the front end portion of the door 31 in the vertical direction, and is provided at the front end portion of the second door member 71.

  The second lock mechanism 35 detachably engages the rear end portion of the door 31 with the rear end edge 21 b of the vehicle body opening 21 of the vehicle body 13. The second locking mechanism 35 includes an engaging portion 35a provided on the door 31 and an engaged portion 35b provided on the vehicle body 13 with which the engaging portion 35a engages. The engaging portion 35 a is provided in the middle of the rear end portion of the door 31 in the vertical direction, and is provided at the rear end portion of the main portion 45 of the first door member 41.

  The third lock mechanism 37 holds the second door member 71 in a closed state with respect to the first door member 41. The third lock mechanism 37 is provided in pairs above and below the front end portion of the door 31. Each includes an engaging portion 37a, 37b provided on the second door member 71 and an engaged portion 37c, 37d provided on the first door member 41 with which each engaging portion 37a, 37b engages.

  The door 31 has a seal structure that closes the gap with the vehicle body 13. As shown in FIGS. 6, 8, and 9, the gap between the vehicle body 13 and the door 31 is closed by weather strips 93 a, 93 b, and 93 c attached to the vehicle body 13. The weather strips 93a, 93b, and 93c are provided with a cylindrical hollow seal portion that is divided and formed in the compression direction by the door 31. Block it. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, at the upper end portion of the door 31, the weather strip 93 having double strip-shaped lip seal portions attached to the roof side rail 25 (vehicle body 13) also creates a gap with the vehicle body 13. It is blocked. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a parting seal 95 is provided at the edge of the front end portion of the door 31 to close the gap with the adjacent front door 17.

  The door 31 also has a seal structure that closes the gap between the first door member 41 and the second door member 71. As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, the gap between the first door member 41 and the second door member 71 includes weather strips 97 a, 97 b, 97 c attached to the first door member 41, and the second door. Double-sealed by weather strips 99a, 99b and 99c attached to the member 71. The weather strips 97a, 97b, and 97c on the first door member 41 side and the weather strips 99a, 99b, and 99c on the second door member 71 side each have a cylindrical hollow seal portion, and the first door member 41 and the second door The gap between the first door member 41 and the second door member 71 is closed by elastic deformation between the members 71. Such a double seal structure not only prevents intrusion of wind and rain, but also exhibits high sound insulation.

  The open / closed state of the door 31 will be described. The door 31 is in a fully closed state, a first open state, a second open state, and a third open state.

  The fully closed state is a state where both the first door member 41 and the second door member 71 are closed, as indicated by solid lines in FIGS. 1 and 10. In the fully closed state, the entire vehicle body opening 21 is closed. At this time, the second door member 71 is locked to the first door member 41 by the third lock mechanism 37, and the door 31 is locked to the vehicle body 13 by the first lock mechanism 33 and the second lock mechanism 35. (See FIG. 4 and FIG. 5).

  The first open state is a state in which the first door member 41 is slid rearward and opened in a state where the second door member 71 is closed, as shown by solid lines in FIGS. 2 and 11. When the first door member 41 slides rearward to the limit, the front end of the door 31 is positioned in the vicinity of the backrest of the front row seat S2, and the front half of the vehicle body opening 21 is opened. Therefore, it is possible to get on and off the front row sheet S2. At this time, the rear end 31 b of the door 31 does not protrude rearward from the rear bumper 19 that is the rear terminal of the vehicle 11. In the first open state, the second door member 71 is locked to the first door member 41 by the third lock mechanism 37, and the door to the vehicle body 13 by the first lock mechanism 33 and the second lock mechanism 35. 31 is released (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

  The second open state is a state in which the second door member 71 is opened by rotating outward with the first door member 41 being opened, as indicated by solid lines in FIGS. 3 and 12. In the second open state, substantially half of the rear side of the vehicle body opening 21 is opened and the vehicle body opening 21 is fully opened. Therefore, it is possible to get on and off the rear row sheet S3 while the front row sheet S2 remains in the normal use state. The center of rotation of the second door member 71 by the hinge mechanism 73 has moved to the outward position of the vehicle 11 by opening the first door member 41. Therefore, the boarding passage P which leads to boarding / alighting space A3 of the passenger | crew who seats on the back row seat S3 can be formed inside the 2nd door member 71 by rotating comparatively small (refer FIG. 13). As shown in FIG. 12, the dimension of the second door member 71 projecting to the side at this time is the front door 17 that opens the vehicle body opening 15 provided as an entrance to the seat S <b> 1 in the front row of the vehicle 11. It is smaller than the side projecting dimension. In the second open state, the locking of the second door member 71 to the first door member 41 by the third lock mechanism 37 is also released.

  The third open state is a state in which the second door member 71 is opened while the first door member 41 is closed, as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. For example, the present invention can be applied when a load is put on the front row sheet S2. In the third open state, the first door member 41 is locked to the vehicle body 13 by the second lock mechanism 35, and the engagement of the second door member 71 to the vehicle body 13 by the first lock mechanism 33 and the first The locking of the second door member 71 to the first door member 41 by the third locking mechanism 37 is released.

  According to this embodiment, there exist the following effects. In the present embodiment, the vehicle body opening 21 can get on and off both the front row seat S2 and the rear row seat S3 arranged behind the front row seat S2 without displacing the front row seat S2 back and forth or tilting the backrest. It is formed in a size that can be done. The door 31 that opens and closes the large vehicle body opening 21 has a size corresponding to the vehicle body opening 21 as a whole. However, when the door 31 is opened, the outward projecting dimension of the vehicle 11 is kept small. That is, when the fully closed state is changed to the first open state, the door 31 slides rearward along the side surface of the vehicle body 13, so that the projecting dimension of the door 31 to the side of the vehicle 11 can be kept small. In the first open state, the front half of the vehicle body opening 21 is opened to allow entry into and exit from the front row seat S2, and the rear end of the door 31 is positioned forward of the rear bumper 19 that is the rear terminal of the vehicle body 13. And does not protrude backwards. Here, the vehicle body opening 21 is fully opened by further opening the second door member 71. The second door member 71 projects to the side of the vehicle 11 in order to rotate and open. However, since the entire door 31 has already moved to the rear and side of the vehicle 11, the rear half of the vehicle body opening 21 can be opened and the passenger can get in and out of the rear seat S3 without causing a large rotation. it can. Therefore, the dimension of the second door member 71 projecting to the side can be kept small. As described above, according to the door 31, it is possible to reduce the outward projecting dimension of the vehicle 11 while increasing the size of the entire door, and thus it is possible to form a large vehicle body opening 21 in the vehicle body 13. It becomes. As a result, it is possible to get on and off the seats S2 and S3 arranged in the front and back at the same time, or to get on and off the rear row seat S3 while the passenger is seated on the front row seat S2.

  In addition, the second door member 71 can be opened with the first door member 41 closed (third open state). Even if the entire door 31 is not slid, only the second door member 71 can be opened to It can be easily taken in and out.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. The formation location of the door opening in the first door member is not limited, and may be formed including the end of the door as in the above embodiment, or may be formed at the center of the door.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Vehicle 13 Car body 21 Car body opening part 31 Door 41 First door member 47 Upper frame part 49 Lower frame part 51 Door opening part 53 Slide mechanism 71 Second door member 73 Hinge mechanism

Claims (4)

A vehicle door that opens and closes a vehicle body opening formed from a position of at least a second row of a vehicle body provided with three rows of seats in a vehicle longitudinal direction to a position of the third row of seats ,
A first door member having a door opening; and a second door member that opens and closes the door opening of the first door member and opens and closes the vehicle body opening together with the first door member,
The first door member is slidably connected to the vehicle body via a slide mechanism,
The second door member is coupled to the first door member rotatably via a hinge structure,
A vehicle door configured such that the first door member is slidable in an opening direction to a position where the second door member can be disposed on a side of the third row of seats . A vehicle door according to claim 1,
The door opening portion of the first door member is formed to extend in an opening direction from an end on a closing direction side by sliding of the first door member, and the second door member is opened by sliding of the first door member. A vehicle door in which a direction side end portion is connected to the first door member via the hinge structure. A vehicle door according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The first door member is connected to the vehicle body via a roller of the slide mechanism provided on the first door member side and a rail of the slide mechanism provided on the vehicle body side and guiding the roller. Vehicle door.   A vehicle door according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein
  At least one of the upper side and the lower side of the end portion on the rotation free end side of the second door member is configured to be lockable to at least one of the upper end and the lower end of the door opening of the first door member by a lock mechanism. Vehicle door.

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