JP6294715B2 - Fastening structure for dissimilar members and fastening method for dissimilar members - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fastening structure for dissimilar members for fastening a metal member and a fiber reinforced plastic, and a fastening method for dissimilar members.

  Since FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) is lightweight and has high strength, its use is expanding as a material for members of various devices including automobiles. In addition, a unidirectional substrate (UD), which is a kind of FRP, has been developed in which the orientation of fibers in plastic is oriented in one direction. Since the direction of the fibers is biased in one direction, the unidirectional base material has higher bending rigidity in one direction than FRP that does not bias the fibers in one direction. When such FRP members and other metal members are fastened, for example, fastening with rivets is performed.

  In the rivet described in Patent Document 1, a shank portion drilled in a member to be fastened is composed of two barrel portions having a double structure, and peaks and valleys are alternately formed at the ends of the respective barrel portions. It has a different shape. The shank portion is said to enhance the caulking effect due to the rivets, as the crests at the ends of the two body portions spread radially and deform while drilling in the fastening object.

JP 2013-68233 A

  In fastening with a rivet, as described in Patent Document 1 described above, a hole to be fastened by a shank part is formed in a fastening target, or a hole through which the shank part is inserted in advance by a punching device or the like. It is necessary to keep it. In the unidirectional base material, since the fibers are arranged in a biased direction, depending on the shape of the hole by the shank part or the hole through which the shank part is inserted, the amount of fiber cut increases. There is a risk of strength reduction starting from the periphery of the hole. In order to avoid this, a measure is taken to strengthen the strength by adding a cloth material to the laminated structure in addition to the UD material, but the cloth material has a lower strength in the fiber axis direction than the UD material. For this reason, if the same strength is to be given, it is necessary to arrange an extra cloth material, which is not desirable from the viewpoint of lightness.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a dissimilar member fastening structure and a dissimilar member fastening method capable of suppressing a decrease in strength of a unidirectional base material.

In order to solve the above problem, the fastening structure for dissimilar members according to the present invention includes a metal member and a fiber reinforced plastic that is arranged with the fiber extending direction being biased in one direction, and the metal from the fiber reinforced plastic side. Toward the member side, by applying a load to the head of the rivet, the distal end side of the shank part is expanded, and the fastening structure of the dissimilar member that fastens the metal member and the fiber reinforced plastic, the shank part of the rivet is than perpendicular to the respective direction and the central axis of the head, extend long in one direction, a shank portion Mashimashi long extending in one direction, perpendicular to the respective central axis in one direction and head The metal member is perforated in a direction, and a part of the metal member and the fiber reinforced plastic are sandwiched between the head and the tip of the shank portion located in the metal member in the direction of the central axis of the head. And fiber Wherein the reduction and plastic is fastened.

  The fiber reinforced plastic may have a hole extending in one direction longer than a direction perpendicular to each of the one direction and the central axis direction of the head, and the insertion hole through which the shank portion is inserted.

  The shank portion may be separated into two with the tip side being separated in a direction perpendicular to one direction and the central axis direction of the head.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the dissimilar member fastening method of the present invention is a fastening method of dissimilar members in which metal members and fiber reinforced plastics arranged with the fiber extending direction biased in one direction are fastened with rivets. The tip of the shank that protrudes from the rivet head in the direction of the central axis of the rivet and that has a longitudinal direction and a short direction shorter than the longitudinal direction in a plane perpendicular to the central axis direction. In the state in which the tip of the shank is extended in one direction by applying a load to the head from the fiber reinforced plastic side toward the metal member side in a state along the one direction in the metal member. The metal member and the fiber reinforced plastic are fastened in a direction perpendicular to the central axis direction of the head .

  According to the present invention, the strength reduction of the unidirectional base material can be suppressed.

It is an external view of a rivet. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the fastening of a metal member and FRP (fiber reinforced plastic). It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating FRP in a comparative example.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  FIG. 1 is an external view of a rivet 1. FIG. 1 (a) shows a perspective view of the rivet 1, FIG. 1 (b) shows a side view of the rivet 1, and FIG. Fig. 1 shows a front view of the rivet 1, and Fig. 1 (d) shows a bottom view of the rivet 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the rivet 1 has a head portion 2 and a shank portion 3. The head 2 has an inclined portion 2c in which the upper surface 2a and the lower surface 2b are parallel to each other and the diameter increases from the upper surface 2a toward the lower surface 2b.

  The shank portion 3 protrudes from the head 2 in the central axis direction of the head 2 (lower side in FIG. 1A). The shank part 3 has a cylindrical part 3a whose one end is fixed to the head part 2, and two sharp end parts 3b formed on the other end side of the cylindrical part 3a and projecting from the cylindrical part 3a to the opposite side of the head part 2. .

  As shown in FIG. 1 (b), a cut 3c is formed at the boundary between the two sharp ends 3b from the front end side of the sharp end 3b toward the head 2, and from the lower end of the cut 3c, The two sharp end portions 3b are tapered toward the tip of the end portion 3b.

  Moreover, as shown to Fig.1 (a)-(d), the shank part 3 is a longitudinal direction (arrow b, one direction) in the surface perpendicular | vertical to the central-axis direction (arrow a) of the head 2, It has a shorter direction (arrow c) than the longitudinal direction. Here, the longitudinal direction and the short direction are directions perpendicular to each other and perpendicular to the central axis direction (arrow a) of the head 2.

  In other words, the shank portion 3 extends in one direction (arrow b) longer than the direction (arrow c) perpendicular to each of the one direction (arrow b) and the central axis direction (arrow a) of the head 2. Exists. That is, in the shank portion 3, the length in one direction (arrow b) is longer than the length in one direction (arrow b) and the direction (arrow c) perpendicular to the central axis direction (arrow a) of the head 2. The length is longer.

  The sharp end portion 3b (shank portion 3) is separated from the tip end side in a direction (arrow c) perpendicular to each of one direction (arrow b) and the central axis direction of the head 2 (arrow a). It can be said that the shape is separated into two.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory view for explaining the fastening of the metal member 4 and FRP 5 (fiber reinforced plastic). FIGS. 2A and 2B show the rivet 1 for the rivet 1, the metal member 4, and the FRP 5. FIG. The cross section by a surface parallel to the axial direction of is shown typically. FIG. 2C shows a view taken in the direction of arrow II (c) in FIG. However, in FIG.2 (c), while showing FRP5 except the metal member 4 and the die | dye 6, the outline of the head 2 of the rivet 1 is shown with a broken line.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the metal member 4 and the FRP 5 are stacked with the FRP 5 positioned on the rivet 1 side. Further, the FRP 5 is formed with an insertion hole 5b penetrating in the stacking direction of the metal member 4 and the FRP 5 in advance. The insertion hole 5b is larger than the shank portion 3 of the rivet 1, and the shank portion 3 is inserted therethrough.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 2C, the FRP 5 is an FRP composed of a unidirectional substrate (UD) in which the extending direction of the fibers 5a is arranged in one direction (arrow e). In FIG. 2C, the number of fibers 5a included in the FRP 5 is schematically shown to be small, but actually the fibers 5a are densely arranged inside the FRP 5.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.2 (c), the insertion hole 5b is set to the one direction (arrow e) which is the extending direction of the fiber 5a among FRP5 from the direction (arrow f) perpendicular | vertical to the said one direction. , Extend long. In other words, the insertion hole 5b has a longitudinal direction (arrow e, one direction) and a short direction (arrow f). Here, the arrow e and the arrow f are perpendicular to the central axis direction of the head 2. That is, the arrow f is a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the insertion hole 5 b and the central axis direction of the head 2.

  A die 6 is disposed on the surface 4 a side of the metal member 4 opposite to the FRP 5. The die 6 is provided with an elliptical recess 6a, and an elliptical protrusion 6b is formed at the center of the recess 6a. The insertion holes 5b of the FRP 5 and the recesses 6a of the die 6 are arranged such that the longitudinal directions thereof are parallel to each other and the lateral directions thereof are parallel to each other.

  2A, the die 6, the metal member 4, the FRP 5, and the rivet 1 are arranged in this order, and the shank portion 3 of the rivet 1 is disposed on the opposite side of the FRP 5 to the metal member 4. To the insertion hole 5b. At this time, in the rivet 1, the longitudinal direction of the shank portion 3 is arranged in a direction along the longitudinal direction of the insertion hole 5 b in a plane perpendicular to the central axis direction.

  Thereafter, with the orientation of the shank portion 3 maintained, the rivet 1 is brought close to the FRP 5 side, the shank portion 3 is inserted through the insertion hole 5b, and the head 2 of the rivet 1 is directed from the FRP 5 side toward the metal member 4 side. When a load is applied, the shank portion 3 perforates the metal member 4. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the metal member 4 is formed with an elliptical protrusion 4b in accordance with the shape of the recess 6a and the protrusion 6b of the die 6, and the center of the protrusion 4b. Is formed with an elliptical recess 4c.

  At this time, the die 6 abuts against the metal member 4 and suppresses the metal member 4, thereby suppressing deformation of the metal member 4 other than the perforated portion, the protruding portion 4 b, and the recess 4 c. Further, since the die 6 applies a reaction force to the metal member 4, the shearing force generated in the metal member 4 is increased, and the metal member 4 can be easily perforated by the shank portion 3.

  Further, the tip of the two sharp end portions 3b that perforate the inside of the metal member 4 is separated from each other due to the deformation inside the metal member 4 due to the deformation of the surface of the metal member 4 such that the protrusion 4b and the depression 4c are formed. It spreads in the direction (outside).

  As a result, the head 2 and the sharp end 3 b sandwich a part of the metal member 4 and the FRP 5 in the axial direction of the rivet 1, and the rivet 1 is fixed to the metal member 4. Then, the FRP 5 is sandwiched between the head 2 of the rivet 1 and the metal member 4, whereby the metal member 4 and the FRP 5 are fastened.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the FRP 15 in the comparative example. As shown in FIG. 3, a substantially circular insertion hole 15b is formed in the FRP 15 in the comparative example. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as described above, in the insertion hole 5b, the extending direction of the fibers 5a of the FRP 5 is the longitudinal direction.

  For this reason, the FRP 5 in the present embodiment can suppress the number of cut portions (the number of fibers to be cut) of the fibers 5a included therein as compared to the FRP 15 in the comparative example. That is, when comparing fastening structures using rivets of the same size, the fastening structure using the rivet 1 of the present embodiment has a greater cut amount of the fiber 5a included in the FRP 5 than the fastening structure using the conventional rivet. And the rigidity and strength can be kept high.

  In the embodiment described above, the case where the insertion hole 5b is formed in advance in the FRP 5 has been described. However, the insertion hole 5b is not an essential configuration, and the shank portion 3 perforates the FRP 5 and penetrates to the metal member 4 side. May be.

  Even in this case, the shank portion 3 has a short side direction and a long side direction. Therefore, the hole of FRP5 formed by being pierced by the shank part 3 can make the extension direction of the fiber 5a into a longitudinal direction among FRP5 similarly to the insertion hole 5b. As a result, the cut amount of the fiber 5a contained in the FRP 5 is suppressed, and it becomes possible to maintain high rigidity and strength.

  However, as in this embodiment, if the insertion hole 5b is provided in advance, the fiber 5a of the FRP 5 can be cut cleanly, the progress of cracks from the cut portion is suppressed, and the rigidity and strength of the FRP 5 are maintained higher. It becomes possible to do. At this time, by suppressing the cut amount of the fiber 5a itself by changing the aspect ratio of the insertion hole 5b, the effect of suppressing the rigidity and strength of the FRP 5 is synergistically enhanced.

  Moreover, although the front-end | tip of the shank part 3 (sharp end part 3b) demonstrated the case where the front-end | tip of the shank part 3 stays inside the metal member 4 in embodiment mentioned above, the front-end | tip of the shank part 3 may penetrate the metal member 4. .

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where two sharp end portions 3b of the rivet 1 are provided has been described. However, three or more sharp end portions 3b may be provided. However, as in the above-described embodiment, if the shank portion 3 has a configuration in which the tip end side is separated in two in a direction perpendicular to each of the one direction and the central axis direction of the head 2, the aspect ratio is Different shapes can be realized with a simple structure, and the manufacturing cost of the rivet 1 can be reduced.

  Further, the shape of the insertion hole 5b is not limited as long as the aspect ratio (aspect ratio) is different. For example, the insertion hole 5b may have an elliptical shape.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications within the scope described in the claims. Needless to say, the modified examples also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for the fastening structure of the dissimilar member which fastens a metal member and a fiber reinforced plastic, and the fastening method of a dissimilar member.

1 Rivet 2 Head 3 Shank 4 Metal Member 5 FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic)
5a Fiber 5b Insertion hole

Claims (4)

By laminating a metal member and a fiber reinforced plastic arranged with the fiber extending direction biased in one direction, and applying a load to the head of the rivet from the fiber reinforced plastic side toward the metal member side , A fastening structure of dissimilar members for fastening the metal member and the fiber reinforced plastic by expanding the front end side of the shank part,
The shank portion of the rivet than said one direction and a direction perpendicular to the respective center axis of the head, and extending long in the one direction,
The shank extending long in the one direction perforates the metal member in a direction perpendicular to each of the one direction and the central axis direction of the head;
A part of the metal member and the fiber reinforced plastic are sandwiched in the central axis direction of the head between the head and the tip of the shank portion located in the metal member, and the metal member and the fiber reinforced A fastening structure for dissimilar members, wherein plastic is fastened .   The fiber reinforced plastic has a hole extending in one direction longer than a direction perpendicular to each of the one direction and the central axis direction of the head, and has an insertion hole through which the shank portion is inserted. The fastening structure for dissimilar members according to claim 1.   3. The heterogeneous part according to claim 1, wherein the shank portion is separated into two parts with the tip side being separated in a direction perpendicular to each of the one direction and the central axis direction of the head. Fastening structure for members. It is a fastening method for dissimilar members, in which a metal member and a fiber reinforced plastic arranged with the fiber extending direction biased in one direction are fastened with rivets,
The tip of the shank projecting from the head of the rivet in the direction of the central axis of the head and having a longitudinal direction and a short direction shorter than the longitudinal direction in a plane perpendicular to the central axis direction, In the state along the one direction, by applying a load to the head from the fiber reinforced plastic side toward the metal member side, the tip end side of the shank portion extending in the one direction is A fastening method for dissimilar members, characterized in that the metal members and the fiber reinforced plastic are fastened in a direction perpendicular to the one direction and the central axis direction of the head in the metal member.

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