JP6282483B2 - Water supply / distribution pipe structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water supply / distribution pipe structure including at least a vertical water supply / distribution pipe arranged vertically as a path through which water flows vertically downward.

  Water is used for various purposes in buildings, houses, and other buildings, industrial machines, various devices such as electrical appliances, power plants, dams, structures, factories, and farms. In this case, in order to supply, distribute, or conduct water, or circulate or drain the water from the water supply source to the required location, a water supply pipe, water distribution pipe, water conduit or drain pipe (hereinafter collectively referred to as these) (Referred to as “water supply and distribution pipes”). Among them, for example, there is a portion in which a horizontal water supply / distribution pipe arranged in the horizontal direction and a vertical water supply / distribution pipe arranged vertically are continuous, and water flowing in the horizontal direction flows down vertically.

  For example, FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1 shows an upper horizontal water distribution pipe extending from the side groove and a lower horizontal pipe connected to the storage pipe as a water distribution route for distributing water from the side groove of the road to the underground storage pipe. A vertical water distribution pipe is arranged between the water distribution pipes, and water flowing in the upper horizontal water distribution pipe is arranged to flow downward vertically in the vertical water distribution pipe. According to this, water can be actively distributed from the side groove to the storage pipe using the momentum (flowing hydropower) that the water flows down in the vertical water distribution pipe.

  For example, in hydroelectric power generation using a head, a power generation turbine (runner) is arranged below the vertical water supply / distribution pipe, and the power generation turbine is rotated by using the hydropower that causes water to flow down the vertical supply / distribution pipe. In some cases, hydropower is used as driving force for various devices.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-122485

  As described above, the flowing force or the action of flowing water has been used for various purposes since ancient times. However, conventionally, the vertical supply / distribution pipe has been filled with water, that is, the water has been allowed to flow down in contact with the wall surface of the vertical supply / distribution pipe. In this case, energy loss of the flowing water occurs due to the viscous friction of the water, and the flowing force is reduced. In order to reduce the energy loss of flowing water due to the viscous friction of the water, reduce the flow rate of water to reduce the relative speed with the vertical water distribution pipe wall surface, or the ratio of the contact area with the wall surface to the unit cross-sectional area can be reduced. To make it smaller, it is necessary to make the vertical water distribution pipe thicker.

  However, in a vertical supply / distribution pipe in which water flows vertically, the flow rate of water cannot be reduced to reduce the relative speed with the vertical supply / distribution pipe wall surface. On the other hand, although it is possible to increase the thickness of the vertical water supply and distribution pipe, this requires a wide piping space, which is difficult in a narrow space or a relatively small structure. In the first place, even if the thickness of the vertical water supply and distribution pipe is increased, energy loss of running water occurs as long as the water and the vertical water supply and distribution pipe are in contact with each other.

  Therefore, the present invention solves such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water supply and distribution pipe structure that can make maximum use of flowing water without causing energy loss of flowing water.

  As a means for that purpose, the present invention provides a water distribution pipe structure including at least a vertical water supply / distribution pipe arranged vertically as a path through which water flows vertically downward, and the upper end portion of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe has another It is characterized by being a small-diameter portion whose inner diameter is smaller than that of the part. In the present invention, the “supply / distribution pipe” is a general term for pipes arranged as paths through which water flows, such as a water supply pipe, a water distribution pipe, a water conduit, and a drain pipe.

  In addition, it is preferable to provide a rectifier in the small diameter part of the said vertical supply and distribution pipe. It is also preferable to provide a storage tank immediately above the small diameter portion.

  According to the present invention, since the upper end portion corresponding to the start end portion of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe is deliberately made smaller in diameter than other portions, the diameter of the water flowing down through this small diameter portion is inevitably the inner diameter of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe. Smaller than. As a result, the water does not contact the vertical water supply / distribution pipe in the vertical water supply / distribution pipe. . Thus, the hydropower generated by the head can be utilized to the maximum. In addition, since it is not necessary to make the vertical water supply / distribution pipes thicker than necessary, the present invention can be applied even in a narrow space.

  In addition, if a rectifier is provided in the small-diameter part, it is possible to prevent the diffusion of the flowing water and to make a nearly clean columnar water flow, so that the contact between the water and the vertical water supply / distribution pipe, and consequently the energy of the flowing water Loss can be reliably prevented. Thereby, water can be sent in the state which left flowing water power almost 100%. In addition, compared with the wall surface of a vertical water supply / distribution pipe, the viscous resistance of air is very small so that it can be disregarded.

  In addition, if a storage tank is provided immediately above the small-diameter portion, the water supplied by the supply source or circulation is once stored in the storage tank, and the water level fluctuates according to the change in the flow rate so that the water enters the small-diameter portion. Pressure fluctuates. As a result, the influence of pressure on the upper pipe can be suppressed. Furthermore, by changing the diameter of the small diameter part, it is easy to adjust the flow velocity of the flowing water and the resulting water flow diameter, thereby reducing the contact between the water and the vertical water distribution pipe, and consequently the energy loss of the flowing water. This can be prevented more reliably.

1 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment. FIG.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, representative embodiments of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the water supply / distribution pipe structure of Embodiment 1 includes a horizontal water supply / distribution pipe 10 arranged horizontally as a water path and a vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 arranged vertically. Specifically, a vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 is continuous downstream of the horizontal water supply / distribution pipe 10, and a storage tank 30 is provided between the horizontal water supply / distribution pipe 10 and the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20, that is, immediately above the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20. Is provided.

  The horizontal water supply / distribution pipe 10 does not have any special structure, and any conventionally known water supply / distribution pipe can be used. The upstream side of the horizontal water supply / distribution pipe 10 communicates with a water supply source (not shown) such as a water supply or a storage tank directly or via a non-illustrated path. Alternatively, the water supplied / distributed from the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 may be circulated and supplied.

  The downstream end of the horizontal water supply / distribution pipe 10 is connected to the storage tank 30. The storage tank 30 is arranged to temporarily store water introduced into the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 to some extent. Therefore, it may be considerably smaller than, for example, a storage tank as a water supply source. The specific size may be appropriately selected according to the amount of water supplied from the horizontal supply / distribution pipe 10, the necessary storage amount, the amount of water introduced into the vertical supply / distribution pipe 20, and the like. The size of the storage tank 30 is preferably as small as possible as the minimum required size. This is because it is advantageous for downsizing the water supply and distribution pipe structure.

  The upper end portion of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 is a small-diameter portion having a smaller diameter than other portions, and a rectifier 21 is inserted into the small-diameter portion. The rectifier 21 is for aligning the direction of molecular motion of water molecules to form a clean columnar water flow, and a honeycomb honeycomb having a plurality of elongated holes extending in the axial direction can be suitably used. The inner diameter of the small-diameter portion (outer diameter of the rectifier 21) may be such that the column of water that freely falls within the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 does not contact the peripheral wall of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 properly. It is preferably as large as possible within the range. This is to increase the flow rate of water while avoiding energy loss of running water. In addition, the lower end of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 is a free opening. In addition, in the first embodiment, a water wheel 40 connected to, for example, a power generation device (not shown) is disposed below the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20.

  The water W supplied from the horizontal supply / distribution pipe 10 is temporarily stored in the storage tank 30 before being introduced into the vertical supply / distribution pipe 20. Thereby, the pressure in the path above the horizontal water supply and distribution pipe 10 is stabilized. Furthermore, by adjusting the size of the inner diameter of the small-diameter portion, it is possible to suppress changes in the flow velocity in the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20, and conversely, the water diameter and flow velocity in the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 are adjusted. It is also possible.

  The water W stored in the storage tank 30 is introduced into the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 via the rectifier 21. Thereby, the direction of molecular motion of water is aligned in one direction (rectified). In addition, since the rectifier 21 (the upper end portion of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20) has a smaller diameter than other parts, the water W introduced into the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 collides with the peripheral wall of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20. Without falling into a beautiful columnar shape. Thereby, it is prevented that the energy loss of flowing water by the viscous friction of water arises.

  And the water W discharged | emitted from the vertical water supply / distribution pipe | tube 20 collides with the lower water wheel 40, and the water wheel 40 rotates with the collision force (flowing hydropower). In addition, the diameter and flow velocity of the water colliding with the water wheel 40 can be adjusted by the size of the inner diameter of the small diameter portion, the pore diameter of the rectifier 21, and the like.

(Modification)
The representative embodiment 1 of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, like Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal supply / distribution pipe 10 and the vertical supply / distribution pipe 20 can also be connected directly, without providing a storage tank immediately above the vertical supply / distribution pipe 20. Further, as in the second embodiment, the lower horizontal supply / distribution pipe 11 may be connected to the lower end of the vertical supply / distribution pipe 20 as a water channel.

  In addition, the rectifier 21 is not necessarily provided as long as the water flow in the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 does not properly contact the peripheral wall of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20.

  The water supply / distribution pipe connected to the upstream or downstream of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 does not necessarily have to be horizontal, and may be oblique. Moreover, as long as it is a water supply / distribution pipe connected to the upstream side of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe 20 through the storage tank 30, it may be vertical.

  The water supply / distribution pipe structure of the present invention can be used for various applications as long as it uses the flow force of water due to a drop, such as for water supply, water distribution, water conveyance, and drainage.

10.11 Horizontal supply and distribution pipe 20 Vertical supply and distribution pipe 21 Rectifier 30 Reservoir 40 Water wheel

Claims (3)

A water supply / distribution pipe structure including at least a vertical water supply / distribution pipe arranged vertically as a path through which water flows vertically downward,
The upper end portion of the vertical water supply and distribution pipe is a small-diameter portion whose inner diameter is smaller than other parts,
A rectifier is provided in a small diameter portion of the vertical water supply and distribution pipe,
The vertical water supply and distribution pipe having a diameter larger than the diameter of the rectifier is set immediately below the rectifier ,
The water supply / distribution pipe structure according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier is a honeycomb-like honeycomb having a plurality of elongated holes extending in the axial direction .   The water supply / distribution pipe structure according to claim 1, wherein a storage tank is provided immediately above the small-diameter portion.   The water supply / distribution pipe structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rectifier protrudes downward from an upper end portion of the vertical water supply / distribution pipe.

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