JP6273425B2 - Pepino rootstock grafting tomato, method of making pepino rootstock grafting tomato, and soil disease control method of tomato - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a soil disease control rootstock of a solanaceous plant using pepino (Solanum muricatum) as a rootstock, and a soil disease control method using a soil disease control rootstock of the solanaceous plant.

  Bacterial wilt disease is a plant disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum as a pathogenic bacterium, and it infects more than 200 species of plants, including solanaceous plants. It is a disease that causes serious agricultural damage that causes the plant to die in a lush state. The bacterial wilt fungus survives many years deep in the ground and reappears when a suitable host plant is planted.

  Conventionally, soil fumigation with methyl bromide has been considered effective as a control measure, but methyl bromide has been found to be a type of ozone-depleting gas and its use has been restricted. Development of chemicals and control methods is required. In recent years, the use of plant-derived control agents, microbial pesticides, disease-resistant rootstocks, and the like that have a low environmental impact has been proposed.

  As the plant-derived control agent, for example, a control agent for difficult-to-control soil diseases containing methyl gallate or a derivative thereof, which is a kind of polyphenol, as a main active ingredient, an aqueous extract of American Furo (Geranium carolinianum L.), and Control agents for difficult-to-control soil diseases containing antibacterial components as active ingredients have been disclosed (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  As a microbial pesticide, for example, a soil disease control agent using a bioactive substance derived from a microorganism such as Bacillus megaterium FERM P-19589 strain or Bacillus circulans is disclosed (Patent Document 3). 4).

As a method for utilizing the disease resistance rootstock, for example, Pseudomonas fluorescens, in microbial material containing Pseudomonas bacteria such as Pseudomonas putida, preferably ¹⁰ 5 ~10 12 cfu / ^ml of plant cell concentration A plant cultivation method is described in which a plant is grown while being treated and grafted using the plant as a rootstock while controlling soil diseases (Patent Document 5).

JP 2009-298736 A JP 2004-262800 A JP-A-2005-151887 JP-A-9-299076 JP-A-9-224475

  The above-mentioned control agents and control methods are superior to conventional pesticides in that they have a low environmental impact, but they can be said to be an extension of conventional pesticides, so purchase costs, management costs, pesticide application work, etc. The burden on farmers is not much different from using conventional pesticides.

  On the other hand, the control method by grafting is to make the soil disease resistant varieties rootstock and the fruits and vegetables production varieties into one plant body, but farmers can purchase seedlings that have already been grafted. It is widely used because farmers don't need to spray agricultural chemicals after purchasing seedlings like agricultural chemicals.

  However, in general, hogi and rootstock are compatible, so they are resistant to soil diseases, and there are not many options for rootstock available for solanaceous plants. There has been a demand for new rootstocks that can be used for solanaceous plants having disease resistance.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a new rootstock capable of controlling soil diseases of solanaceous plants, and to provide a soil disease control technique using the rootstock.

  Normally, the closer the plants of Hogi and Rootstock are, the higher the affinity for grafting is seen. For example, in the case of tomatoes, it is common to use tomatoes for both Rootstock and Hogi. However, when the present inventors cultivated grafts using pepino (Solanum muricatum) as rootstock and tomatoes as spikelets, it was surprisingly found that the affinity for grafting is high and that it is highly resistant to bacterial wilt. Obtained. The present invention has been made on the basis of such findings, and provides a rootstock for controlling soil diseases of solanaceous plants, which is pepino (Solanum muricatum).

  The present invention also provides a method for controlling soil diseases of solanaceous plants, characterized by grafting solanaceous plants as panicles and pepino (Solanum muricatum) as rootstocks.

  According to the rootstock for soil disease control of the solanaceous plant and the soil disease control method of the solanaceous plant of the present invention, the pepino which is highly resistant to soil diseases has a high soil disease when the solanaceous plant is used as a panicle. Since it exhibits resistance, soil diseases can be effectively controlled without using pesticides.

It is a figure which shows the result of the inoculation test of bacterial wilt to a pepino stand grafted tomato. It is a figure which shows the result of the inoculation test of the wilt disease with respect to a pepino stand grafting tomato.

  The rootstock for soil disease control of solanaceous plants according to this embodiment uses pepino (Solanum muricatum) as rootstock. Pepino (Solanum muricatum) is a perennial plant belonging to the genus Solanum, and the fruit is juicy, sweet and fragrant, and since it resembles cucumbers, melons, and pears, it is sliced raw and edible. The place of origin is South America, and it has been cultivated in the area of the Andes since ancient times. Although it is a perennial plant, it is vulnerable to frost and pests, so it is cultivated as an annual crop on cultivation. Gold, monroe, applin, mambo, mischi, schmidt, etc. are known as varieties, and any varieties can be used in this embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, examples of the solanaceous plant include Solanum aethiopicum, Solanum americanum, Solanum carolinense, Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) (Lycopersicon esculentum) Solanum, Solanum lyratum, Solanum mammosum, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum pseudocapsicum, Solanum pseudocapsicum, Pepper Capsicum annuum, Capsicum baccatum, Capsicum cardenasii, Capsicum chinense, Capsicum frutescens, Capsicum pubescens and other capsicum genus Capsicum Nicotiana, such as N. alata and Nicotiana spp .; Datura metel, Datura inoxia, Datura stramonium, and other datura species (Datura); Brugmansia arborea, Brugmansia suaveolens and other genus Brugmansia; physalis (Physalis alkekengi var. Franchetii) Physalis; P. japonicum; Physaliastrum; T. anomalum; Tubocapsicum; Petunia such as Petunia; japonica) Scopolia; Hyoscyamus such as Hyoscyamus niger; Belladonna such as Atoropa belladonna; Atropa; Mandragora such as Mandragora officinarun (Mandragora); Mention may be made of plants of the genus Lycium such as wolfberry (Lycium rhombifolium (L. chinense)); Calibrachoa genus such as Million Bell (Calibrachoa sp.). Among these, it is particularly preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of tomato, eggplant, pepper, paprika, pepper, and shishito. However, in the present invention, it is not assumed that a pepino stock is grafted on a pepino rootstock, so pepino (Solanum muricatum) is excluded from the solanaceous plant.

  In this embodiment, the soil disease is a disease in which pathogens inhabit the soil, and when crops are cultivated, they infest the roots and stems and cause root rot, yellowing of the ground, wilt, and withering. Is a general term. There are a wide variety of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi (molds), and those caused by virus infestation include wheat stripe dwarf disease, and those caused by bacteria include bacterial wilt and scab. The most common type of parasitic fungi are Fusarium bacteria, Rhizoctonia bacteria, Verticillium bacteria and other half body wilt, wilt, brown root rot, There are root rot, root rot wilt, and half blight.

  According to the rootstock for soil disease control of the solanaceous plant according to this embodiment, the grafting affinity with the solanaceous plant is high, and as a rootstock for a novel solanaceous plant, the soil disease control ability provided by pepino is provided. It can be applied to solanaceous plants grafted as hogi.

  The soil disease control method for solanaceous plants according to the present embodiment involves grafting pepino (Solanum muricatum) as rootstock and solanaceous plants (except pepino) as panicles.

  The grafting method can adopt the generally known grafting method of the solanaceous plant, and inserts a saf between the formation layer sections formed by cutting down the side from the top edge of the rootstock, and in the middle of the rootstock Abdomen that inserts a spike between the cross sections of the formation layer formed by cutting down the side from the bottom, and a split connection that inserts a cross between the formation layer cross sections formed by cutting down the center from the upper end of the rootstock.

  The above-mentioned thing can be employ | adopted for the kind of solanaceous plant and a soil disease.

  According to the method for controlling soil diseases of solanaceous plants according to the present embodiment, the soil disease control ability provided by pepino can be imparted to solanaceous plants grafted as spikelets, so that it is simple without using pesticides. It is possible to control soil diseases.

1. Control effect against bacterial wilt (1) Preparation of pepino stand-grafted tomato In a glass greenhouse, pepino 'Gold No. 1' was inserted in a 10.5 cm pot, and after 50 days (50 cm from the ground to the top of the stem) tomato '"LargeFushou" or "Momotaro 8" (Takii seedlings) were grafted by the split method. The tomatoes were cut off from the top three leaves of the seedlings where approximately 6 true leaves were developed.

Self-rooted tomatoes, self-rooted pepino, and pepino stand-grafted tomato 'Large Fushou' Hogi / 'Gold No. 1' rootstock (10.5 cm pot) Ralstonia Inoculated with Ralstonia solanacearum. As an inoculation method, 50 mL of bacterial suspension prepared to about 10 ⁸ cfu / mL was used as soil irrigation in each pot (inoculation zone). A non-inoculation zone was prepared by irrigating 50 mL of sterilized water into each pot. Diseases were investigated on the 30th day after inoculation with 3 or 6 strains in each ward.

(2) Results and discussion The results are shown in FIG. FIG. 1 shows the results of an inoculation test (within 30 days after inoculation) of bacterial wilt on pepino stand-grafted tomatoes, from the left: (A) self-rooted tomato, (B) pepino stand-grafted tomato, (C) self-rooted Pepino.

  First, the survival rate (Table 1) on the 20th day after grafting was as high as 93.3% and 100% for 'Large Fushou' and 'Momotaro 8', respectively. From this, it was confirmed that the grafting affinity between pepino and tomato is high.

  Next, in the irrigation with bacterial wilt fungus, on the 30th day of inoculation, the disease-causing strain rate was 100% for the self-rooted tomatoes, whereas it was 0% for the self-rooted pepino and 16.7% for the pepino stand-grafted tomato. (FIG. 1, Table 2). In the non-inoculated area, no disease was observed. From the above, it was shown that pepino is not only resistant to bacterial wilt but also a potential rootstock for bacterial wilt.

2. Controlling effect against wilt disease (1) Preparation of pepino stand-grafted tomatoes In a glass greenhouse, pepino 'Gold No. 1' was sown in a 10.5 cm pot, and after 50 days (50 cm from the ground to the shoot apex) a large tomato Fukuju '(Takii seedlings) was grafted by the split-joining method. The tomatoes were cut off from the top three leaves of the seedlings where approximately 6 true leaves were developed.

  Self-rooted tomatoes, self-rooted pepino and Pepino stand-grafted tomato 'Large Fushou' Hogi / 'Gold No.1' rootstock (10.5 cm pot) Oxysporum f. sp. Inoculated with lycopersici (Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtendahl: Fries f. Sp. Lycopersici). The inoculation method was carried out by transplanting bacterial cells of wilt disease bacteria into a 1: 8 mixture of bran and culture soil and culturing at 25 ° C. for 2 weeks to create contaminated soil. In each pot filled with contaminated soil, self-rooted tomato, self-rooted pepino and pepino stand-grafted tomato seedlings were planted respectively. Each strain had 10 strains, and the disease was investigated 20 days after planting.

(2) Results and discussion The results are shown in FIG. FIG. 2 shows the results of a wilt inoculation test on pepino stand-grafted tomatoes (20 days after planting in contaminated soil). From left, (A) self-root pepino, (B) pepino stand-grafted tomato, C) Self-rooted tomato.

  With the inoculation of wilt disease bacteria, on the 20th day after planting in contaminated soil, the disease-causing strain rate was 100% for the self-rooted tomatoes, but 0% for the self-rooted pepino and pepino stand-grafted tomatoes (Fig. 2, Table 3). In the non-inoculated area, no disease was observed. From the above, Pepino is not only resistant to wilt but also has potential as a rootstock for wilt control.

Claims (4)

The rootstock is pepino (Solanum muricatum)
Hogi is a tomato ,
Pepino rootstock grafting tomato . A method for producing a pepino rootstock grafted tomato, characterized by grafting pepino (Solanum muricatum) as a rootstock and tomato as a spikelet. A method for controlling soil diseases of tomato , characterized by grafting pepino (Solanum muricatum) as rootstock and grafting tomato as spikelet. The soil disease is at least one selected from the group consisting of tomato bacterial wilt, scab, half body wilt, wilt, brown root rot, root rot, root rot wilt, half wilt, The method for controlling soil diseases of tomato according to claim 3 .