JP6263688B2 - How to prevent fall of tree work - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fall prevention method for tree work that prevents a fall when a worker climbs a tree and performs tree work such as pruning or pruning the tree.

  In tree work, a double rope technique (referred to simply as “DRT” in the world) has been conventionally used. This double rope technique is a rope work used when climbing trees in various parts of the world. An example of this is to fold one long rope around a tree crotch at a high position in the tree and fold it back. In the double rope state, for example, a double 8-shaped knot is formed at the end of one of the double ropes extending from the branch, and the looped part is connected via a carabiner (first coupler). The other end of a short rope member with a looped portion at one end is wrapped around the long rope portion extending from the double 8-shaped knot portion by connecting to the worker's safety belt. From the breaks hitch, a carabiner (second coupler) is attached to the loop part of one end of the short rope material and this carabiner is attached to the operator's safety belt. Pull the lower long rope, Push up the breaks hitch after, it is possible to go up while ensuring safety by repeating this.

  However, this double rope technique uses the crotch in the high position of the tree as the top anchor, and the carabiner (first coupler), breaks hitch (extension adjustment tool) and carabiner (second joint) in the double rope technique. Japan Labor Standards Supervision, which requires that a backup with two or more anchors is required because the ring rope part formed by It is not suitable for the guidance of the station.

  In addition, the annular rope part of the double rope technique mentioned above demonstrated the basic example, and various simplified annular rope parts are employ | adopted in recent years. In other words, in the above description, the first coupler is provided at one end of the long rope, and the expansion / contraction adjustment tool is provided on the rope that is separated from the first connection by a required length. The rope portion formed by the first coupler, the expansion / contraction adjustment tool, and the second coupling ring is used as an annular rope portion, and the first coupler and the second coupler of the annular rope portion are used as an operator safety belt. For example, the first connector and the second connector are used as one common connector, and one end of the long rope and the expansion / contraction adjustment tool are connected to the common connector. The common coupler may be fixed to the worker's safety belt. Various other simplified circular ropes are formed on a part of the long rope, but as an annular rope part in the double rope technique, it is possible to adjust the expansion / contraction to a part of the long rope via a telescopic adjustment tool. As long as the annular rope portion is formed, any configuration of the annular rope portion may be used.

  Traditionally, with the double rope technique, the crotch in the high position of the tree is used as the top anchor, and this is the first to be installed. A slow line (thin string) with a pouch (bag-like weight) is attached to the tip. After throwing it from the ground to the tree crotch at a high position of the tree, connect it to the start line of the long rope to the throw line, pull the slow line, pull the long rope and pass it over the tree crotch Therefore, throwing and dropping pouches in urban areas may cause danger to people and vehicles passing under the trees, and depending on the tree branches and tree shape, it may be hung on the crotch. You may not be able to pass. In addition, since the pouch is thrown up from the ground in this way and the top anchor that is the tree crotch at the high position of the tree is installed, the strength of the tree crotch cannot be visually confirmed, that is, the safety of the tree crotch The sex cannot be confirmed.

  As a method for solving the above-described problems, there is a tree fall prevention method described in Patent Document 1 provided by the present applicant. This is because when a worker performs a tree work, the starting end of the long rope stocked on the ground side is fixed near the root of the tree to be worked, and the worker is operated by a weight load on the passed rope. For example, a carabiner, which is equipped with a dynamic stopper (extension adjustment tool), winds the winding cord at the required position of the tree to serve as the first support point (anchor), and is held by the winding cord at the first support point In addition, through the start end side of the long rope, pass this rope further through the sliding stopper and hang it on the ground, and in the same way, provide support points after the second support point by the winding cord, In the supporting point, the excess portion of the rope held between the sliding stopper and the lower supporting point is passed through the carabiner held by the winding cord.

  In the method of Patent Document 1, the anchors are formed in small increments from the bottom to the top of the tree in order as a first support point, a second support point, a third support point, etc., and fixed to the root side of the tree. Since the rope from the start side is passed through each anchor, even if the upper side anchor breaks, it can be backed up by the lower side anchor to prevent the fall to the ground. Suitable for instruction. Also, with this method, climbing along the trees from the ground and forming anchors in small increments, there is no risk of harming people and vehicles etc. passing under the trees as in urban areas, The anchor can be installed without being influenced by the tree shape and the operator can confirm the anchor installation part by visual observation, so the safety of the anchor installation part can be confirmed. Therefore, according to the method of Patent Document 1, the problems in the conventional double rope technique described above can be solved.

JP 2006-158229 A

  However, in the method of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since the long rope with the start end side of the rope fixed near the tree root is supported by the anchor at the bottom of the tree, the load applied to the top anchor is twice the weight of the operator. Therefore, anchors can only be installed on trunks with a larger diameter than anchors installed using the double rope technique, and the number of winding cords (sling belts) with open / close couplings to form anchors has increased. There is a problem that it takes time for the above work and the weight burden is large.

  An object of this invention is to provide the fall prevention method of tree work which can eliminate the trouble in the method of the above patent documents 1.

Means for solving the above problems will be described with reference numerals in the embodiments described later. The fall prevention method for tree work according to the first aspect of the present invention can be expanded and contracted on a part of the long rope 2. A long rope 2 used for the double rope technique that forms an annular rope portion Ro that can be expanded and contracted via an adjusting tool 6;
Prevention of fall of tree work using at least two anchoring ropes 3 and 4 with an open / close coupler 8 which are wound around a necessary part of a trunk Ta or a large branch of a tree T to form an anchor of a double rope technique, respectively. A method,
In the state where the required portion of the annular rope portion Ro is fixed to the safety band 10 of the worker M, the annular rope portion Ro is at least two anchors K formed on the trunk Ta or the large branch of the tree T. The fall of the operator M is prevented by supporting at least two points through the open / close couplers 8 and 8 of the bodies 3 and 4.

  The effects of the invention by the above-described solution means will be described with reference numerals in the embodiments described later. In the fall prevention method according to the first aspect of the present invention, the required position of the annular rope portion Ro is set at the safety band 10 of the worker M. In this state, the annular rope portion Ro is passed through the open / close couplers 8 and 8 of the winding cords 3 and 4 which are at least two anchors K formed on the trunk Ta or the large branch of the tree T. Since two points are supported, it can be backed up by the lower anchor in the same manner as in the method of Patent Document 1 above, and can be prevented from falling to the ground. Since the load is the same as the weight of the operator, the anchor K can be installed even on a relatively thin trunk of the tree T, and the operator can climb with at least two winding cords when climbing the tree. Because Takes the hassle in the tree on the work, it is possible to reduce the weight burden on the operator.

An embodiment of the fall prevention method concerning the present invention is shown, and is an explanatory view showing the first step of the method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the next step of the method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the further next step of the same method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the further next step of the same method. It is explanatory drawing which shows the further next step of the same method. It is a perspective view which shows the rope apparatus and winding cord used for the method, and has shown an example of the annular rope part. It is the same perspective view as FIG. 6, and has shown the other example of the annular rope part. It is the same perspective view as FIG. 6, and has shown the further another example of the annular rope part.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 5 show a state in which the tree work fall prevention method according to the present invention is implemented, and FIG. Shows a rope device and a winding cord used in this method. In these drawings, M is an operator, T is a tree, 2 is a long rope used for the double rope technique, an annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique is formed on one end side, and the tree T is placed on the other end side. Stock on nearby ground. Reference numerals 3 and 4 are a first winding cable body and a second winding cable body that form anchors of a double rope technique, and 10 is a safety belt worn by the worker M.

  As can be seen from FIG. 6, an openable first coupler 5 (for example, a carabiner 15) is attached to one end of the long rope 2, and the long rope 2 is separated from the first coupler 5 by a required length. By providing an expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 (for example, breaks hitch 13) and attaching an open / close-type second coupler 7 (for example, a carabiner 15) to the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6, a first end portion of the long rope 2 is An annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique is formed by the first connector 5, the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 and the second connector 7. In addition, the carabiner 15 as the first coupler 5 is inserted into a ring portion 2o provided at one end of the long rope 2.

  The crash prevention method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. First, the worker M is formed by the first coupler 5, the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6, and the second coupler 7 as described above. The first coupler 5 (carabiner 15) of the annular rope portion Ro and the second coupler 7 (carabiner 15) attached to the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 are coupled to the safety belt 10 of the worker M. In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the worker M winds the first anchoring rope 3 around the trunk Ta of the tree T at the required height and holds the lower anchor K. Then, the annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique (DRT) is inserted into the open / close coupler 8 (open / close hook 16) of the first winding cord 3 of the lower anchor K.

  The location where the first winding cable body 3 or the second winding cable body 4 is wound around the trunk Ta of the tree T is above the branching portion To (see FIGS. 1 to 5) from the trunk Ta to the branch Tb. Although the position is most preferable, when the first winding cable body 3 is wound around the trunk Ta first, that is, when the first anchor K is formed, as shown in FIG. If there is no suitable branching portion To at a position where the sag reaches, and there is a preferred winding location at a position higher than that location, a stepladder or ladder (not shown) is used, and the first winding cord 3 is trunked. What is necessary is just to wind around Ta and to form the anchor K. It should be noted that the winding place of the first and second winding cords 3 and 4 is not limited to the trunk Ta of the tree T, but may be a thick branch (not shown) if it is thick enough to be the same as the branch Tb.

  If the first lower anchor K is formed as shown in FIG. 1, and the annular rope portion Ro in the double rope technique is inserted into the open / close coupler 8 (open / close hook 16) of the first winding rope 3 For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the worker M uses a stepladder or a ladder, or climbs up to the branch Tb located near the first lower anchor K using the double rope technique, In the climbed position, the second anchoring cord 4 is fastened to a position higher than the winding position of the first anchoring cord 3 which is the lower anchor K, and the upper anchor K is formed, and this upper anchor An annular rope portion Ro is inserted into the open / close coupler 8 of the second winding cable 4 that is K, and the state shown in FIG. 2 is obtained.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the circular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique includes an open / close coupler 8 of the second winding anchor 4 that is the upper anchor K and a first winding that is the lower anchor K. It passes through the open / close coupler 8 of the anchoring cable 3 and is in a two-point support state of support by the upper anchor K and support by the lower anchor K. Thus, since the annular rope portion Ro is supported at two points of the upper stage side anchor K and the lower stage side anchor K, the worker M performs the pruning work and the pruning work of the tree T in such a state. At this time, even if the branch Tb on the lower side of the upper anchor K shown in FIG. 2 is broken and the second winding cable 4 is slid down, the annular rope portion Ro is the lower anchor K. Since it is supported and backed up by the first winding cord 3, and the extension adjustment tool 6 is subjected to a tensile load due to the weight of the worker M and is prevented from moving on the long rope 2, the worker M Will be suspended in the air and prevented from falling to the ground.

  Then, after the worker M completes the necessary tree work such as pruning and pruning at the position shown in FIG. 2, and moves to the tree work at a higher position, the worker M is the lower anchor K. The first winding cable 3 is removed from the trunk Ta of the tree T, and the removed first winding cable 3 is attached to the safety belt 10 and held by the worker M as shown in FIG. The tool 6 is climbed to the required height while adjusting the length of the annular rope portion Ro. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the worker M climbs to the required height while repeating the operation of pulling the long rope 2 portion below the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 and the subsequent operation of pushing up the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6. . At the time of this climbing, the annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique is supported at one point by the upper anchor K which is the second winding rope 4 as shown in FIG.

  With the worker M climbing the tree T from the low position shown in FIG. 3 to the position shown in FIG. 4 and riding on the branch Tb of the appropriate tree T as described above, the worker M After forming the upper anchor K by winding the first anchoring cable 3 at a position higher than the second anchoring cable 4, the first rope of the upper anchor K is connected to the annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique. It is inserted into the open / close coupler 8 of the anchoring cable 3 and brought into a state as shown in FIG.

  In the state shown in FIG. 4, the annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique is in a two-point support state of support by the upper anchor K and support by the lower anchor K, as in the state shown in FIG. 2. In the state where M is the state shown in FIG. 4, even if the branch Tb on the lower side of the upper anchor K is folded and the first winding cable body 3 is slid down, the annular rope portion Ro Since it is supported and backed up by the first winding cord 3 which is the anchor K, the worker M can be prevented from falling. FIG. 5 shows that the annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique is supported at a higher position on the tree T by the upper anchor K that is the first winding rope 3 and the lower rope that is the second winding rope 4. A two-point support state with support by the anchor K is shown.

  Thereafter, in the same manner, the worker M uses the annular rope portion Ro in the double rope technique and the first and second winding cords 3 and 4 to the trunk Ta of the tree T to the lower anchor K. By alternately changing the annular rope portion Ro from the lower anchor K to the upper anchor K that gradually increases, the tree T is moved from a lower position to a higher position. When pruning work or pruning work everywhere, the annular rope portion Ro is supported at two points, the support by the upper anchor K and the support by the lower anchor K. Can be reliably prevented.

  On the other hand, when descending from the tree T after finishing the tree work, the annular rope portion Ro is removed from the open / close coupler 8 of the winding rope 3 or 4 forming the upper anchor K of the double rope technique, After the winding cord 3 or 4 is removed from the tree T and worn by the worker M, it is passed through the open / close coupler 8 of the winding cord 3 or 4 remaining as the lower anchor K. The winding rope 3 or 4 attached to the worker M in the state of descending to the lower branch Tb using the supported annular rope portion Ro and riding on the branch Tb is used as the winding rope. A new lower anchor K is formed by wrapping the tree T or a large branch below 3 or 4, and an annular rope is connected to the open / close coupler 8 of the winding cord 3 or 4 which is the new lower anchor K. Through the section Ro, the annular rope section Ro A retractable coupling 8 over K, a two-point support state by what was left as the lower side anchor K is passed through the closure coupler 8 anchors K became a new upper stage.

  In this way, the worker M is annularly connected from the open / close coupler 8 of the winding cord 3 or 4 that forms the upper anchor K while riding on the branch Tb while supporting the annular rope portion Ro at two points. After pulling out the rope portion Ro, removing the winding cord 3 or 4 from the tree T and attaching it to the worker M, it is connected to the open / close coupler 8 of the winding cord 3 or 4 which is the lower anchor K. It goes down to the lower branch Tb using the annular rope portion Ro that is passed through. Thereafter, it is possible to safely go down to the ground by repeating the above-described operation.

  The first and second winding cords 3 and 4 are formed of, for example, a ring-shaped sling belt (also referred to as a sounsling), and in use, as shown in FIG. An object is stretched to form a double straight line, and the double straight line is wound around the trunk Ta of the tree T, and one end portions 3a and 4a that are associated with each other as shown in the figure are connected to the other end portions 3b and 4b. The anchor K can be formed by being wound around and fixed to the trunk Ta by pulling downward and tightening. As shown in the figure, an open / close coupler 8 is attached to each of the winding cords 3 and 4 at one end 3a and 4a. This sling belt is an example of use, and as the first and second winding cords 3 and 4, a suitable one other than the sling belt can be used.

  In addition, the sling belt as the winding cords 3 and 4 is made of a cloth material having high strength and extremely high friction used to hold the body in high place work such as tree planting pruning work, As shown in FIG. 6, the worker M falls because it is supported in a stable state while being wound around the trunk Ta of the tree T, and does not fall off at all even if a sudden heavy load is applied to the open / close coupler 8. It can function reliably as an anchor K that can withstand impact and load.

  As the open / close coupler 8 attached to the first winding cable body 3 and the second winding cable body 4, a known open / close hook 16 or a carabiner as shown in FIG. 6 is used for frequent opening / closing operations. .

  The expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 provided on the long rope 2 separated from the first connector 5 attached to one end of the long rope 2 by the required length is one end side of the short rope member 12 as shown in FIG. Is formed by tying the rope 2 around the long rope 2 and forming a knot, for example, a breaks hitch 13. By gripping the break hitch 13 and moving it on the long rope 2, the circular rope part of the double rope technique Ro can be expanded and contracted, and movement on the long rope 2 can be prevented by pulling the short rope material 12 in a predetermined direction. In addition, the other end part of the short rope material 12 is provided with a ring-shaped part 12o, and a carabiner 15 as the first coupler 7 is inserted into this. In addition to the knot, the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 moves on the long rope 2 by performing a predetermined operation, and moves on the long rope 2 by applying a load in a predetermined direction. A blocking metal fitting 18 (see FIG. 8) can be used.

  As the safety belt 10 worn by the worker S, a full harness safety belt, a sit harness safety belt, or the like is used. The safety belt 10 shown in FIG. 6 is a full harness type safety belt composed of a waist belt 10a, a shoulder belt 10b, and a thigh belt 10c. The waist belt 10a is provided with a ring-shaped connected portion 17 at the front center. Accordingly, the first connector 5 and the second connector 7 are connected to the connected portion 17.

  As described above, in the embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, the first coupler 5 is provided at one end of the long rope 2, and the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 is provided on the rope 2 that is separated from the first coupler 5 by a required length. A second connector 7 is provided on the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6, and an annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique is formed by the first connection device 5, the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 and the second connection ring 7. However, this annular rope portion Ro is a basic example, and various other simplified annular rope portions Ro are employed. An example of a part of the simplified annular rope portion Ro is shown in FIGS.

  In the annular rope portion Ro illustrated in FIG. 7, a required portion of the long rope 2 is folded, and a double 8-shaped knot 19 is formed at the folded portion, and the double 8-shaped knot 19 extends. The distal end side of the rope portion 2a is wound around the main body side of the long rope 2, and the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 is formed, for example, by forming the breaks hitch 13, and the loop portion of the double 8-shaped knot 19 A connector 20 made of a carabiner is attached to 19o so that one end of the long rope 2 and the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 are connected by the connection device 20. An annular rope portion Ro of the rope technique is formed, and the coupler 20 of the annular rope portion Ro is connected to the connected portion 17 of the safety belt 10 of the worker M.

  In the annular rope portion Ro illustrated in FIG. 8, a coupler 21 made of a carabiner is inserted into and attached to a ring portion 2 o provided at one end of the long rope 2, and a long length separated from the coupler 21 by a required length. On the rope 2, a lock fitting as the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 that moves on the long rope 2 by performing a predetermined operation and prevents movement on the long rope 2 by applying a load in a predetermined direction. 18, and the lock fitting 18 is attached to the coupler 21 so that one end of the long rope 2 and the expansion / contraction adjustment tool 6 are connected by the coupler 21. An annular rope portion Ro of the double rope technique is formed by the tool 6, and the coupler 21 of the annular rope portion Ro is connected to the connected portion 17 of the safety belt 10.

  The lock fitting 18 is a well-known one, and as can be seen from the partially enlarged view 2 of FIG. 8, the lock member 22 that operates by applying a load in a predetermined direction can be moved on the long rope 2. It is blocked, and the lock by the lock member 22 is released by releasing the load, and it can be moved on the long rope 2 by pushing and pulling the metal fitting body 23 in the unlocked state. The lock member 22 is pivotally attached to a metal fitting body 23 that holds the long rope 2 by a pivot 24, and has an eccentric cam portion 25 that can contact and separate from the long rope 2 on one end side, and the other end portion. Has a mounting hole 26 for attaching a carabiner as the coupler 21, and the lock member 22 is always separated by a spring, the eccentric cam portion 25 thereof is separated from the long rope 2, and the metal fitting body 23 is attached to the long rope 2. The lock member 22 is rotated about the pivot shaft 24 by urging to the unlocking position slidable along and pulling the carabiner as the connector 21 against the spring in a predetermined direction. 25 is press-contacted to the long rope 2, and the metal fitting body 23 is locked onto the long rope 2 by the press-contact friction force.

  The annular rope portion Ro shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 described above is a part of the example, and there are various forms other than this. Accordingly, the annular rope portion Ro in the double rope technique may have any configuration as long as the annular rope portion Ro that can be adjusted to be expanded and contracted via the expansion and contraction adjusting tool 6 is formed on a part of the long rope 2. Thus, in a state where the required portion of the annular rope portion Ro is fixed to the safety belt 10 of the worker M, the annular rope portion Ro is formed by at least two anchors K formed on the trunk Ta or the large branch of the tree T. Even if the trunk Ta of the tree T provided with the upper anchor K breaks by supporting at least two points through the open / close couplers 8 and 8 of the winding cords 3 and 4, the lower anchor K backs up. It is possible to prevent the fall to the ground, and it is also suitable for the guidance of the Japan Labor Standards Inspection Office. In addition, since the load applied to the anchor K is the same as the weight of the operator, the anchor K can be installed even on a relatively thin trunk of the tree T, and the operator can use the anchoring rope when climbing the tree. Since it is sufficient to climb with at least two of 3 and 4, the weight burden on the operator can be reduced.

M worker T tree Ta tree trunk Tb tree branch To tree branch part DRT double rope technique 2 long rope 3 first winding cable 4 second winding cable K anchor 5 first coupler 6 expansion and contraction adjustment Tool 7 Second connector 8 Connector 10 Safety belt 13 Breaks hitch 15 as expansion / contraction adjustment device Carabiner 16 as connection device Opening / closing hook 18 as an open / close connection device Lock fitting 20 as an expansion / contraction adjustment device Connector 21 Connection vessel

Claims (1)

A long rope used for the double rope technique that forms an annular rope part that can be expanded and contracted via an expansion adjustment tool on a part of the long rope,
A method for preventing fall of tree work using at least two anchoring ropes with an open-close coupling, each of which is wound around a required part of a tree trunk or a large branch to form an anchor of a double rope technique,
In a state in which the required portion of the annular rope portion is fixed to the operator's safety belt, the annular rope portion is connected to an open / close coupler of a winding rope that is at least two anchors formed on a tree trunk or a large branch. A fall prevention method for tree work that prevents the fall of the worker by supporting at least two points through.

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