JP6242629B2 - Excavator work shaft coupling mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavator for drilling or drilling holes in the ground, and more particularly, to a work shaft coupling mechanism of an excavator that is pushed into the ground while rotating a work shaft for rotary excavation.

  An excavator (earth auger) used as a foundation construction machine is provided with a support (leader) on a carriage such as a crawler and a drive unit that can move vertically along the support post. The ground is drilled and drilled by rotating the work shaft attached to the ground. The drive unit includes a motor that is driven to rotate by hydraulic pressure or electricity, and a speed reducer that decelerates the output from the motor. As the work shaft, an auger screw having screw blades on the outer peripheral surface, an injection rod for injecting a liquid agent such as cement milk or mortar, and the like are used. At the tips of these working shafts, an auger head for excavation, a stirring head or the like is attached.

  When excavating to a desired depth with such an excavator, there are some which divide the work shaft into a plurality of pieces (for example, every 5 m) and add them so that the entire work shaft has a predetermined length. In a conventional excavator, for example, a work shaft for extension is held on a side surface of a support column. In the work shaft extension operation, the drive unit is lowered and the first work shaft is rotated and placed on the ground, and then the drive unit is separated from the work shaft and moved upward along the column. Next, the drive unit is turned to the side in the upper part of the support column, and then the work shaft for addition is lifted. In this state, by returning the drive unit to the original position, the work shaft is positioned above the previous work shaft, and the work shafts are connected to each other.

  By the way, in the excavator described in Patent Document 1, the drive unit is suspended by a wire spanned from a hydraulic winch provided on the carriage to the top sheave, and the drive unit can be moved up and down by the wire along the support column. ing. A connection mechanism is held so as to rotate integrally with an output shaft provided in the drive unit, and a socket for detachably supporting the work shaft is connected to a lower end of the output shaft. On both sides of the socket, hydraulic cylinders that can connect the working shaft through through holes formed in the side wall of the socket are provided. For this reason, a drive motor and a speed reduction mechanism for rotating the work shaft by integrally rotating the connection mechanism and the output shaft are disposed above the connection mechanism.

JP-A-10-238269

  However, the drive unit of the excavator described in Patent Document 1 is provided with hydraulic cylinders that attach and detach the work shaft on both sides of a socket that holds the work shaft in the connection mechanism, and rotates the connection mechanism on the upper part thereof. Since the drive motor and the speed reduction mechanism are disposed, the height of the drive unit is increased, the excavator is increased in size, and the excavator is liable to be caught on an overhead line or the like during work, and the excavator has low stability. In addition, in order to increase the excavation depth with a limited strut height, it is important to reduce the size of the drive unit and increase the length of the work shaft for addition, but in the excavator described above, the lower end of the drive unit Since the socket and the hydraulic cylinder protrude from each other, the length of the work shaft for the extension has to be shortened.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is intended to improve the stability and work efficiency of the excavator by reducing the height of the drive unit of the excavator while ensuring the length of the work shaft. It is an object of the present invention to provide a working shaft coupling mechanism for an excavator.

A work shaft coupling mechanism of an excavator according to the present invention includes a drive unit guided along a support column, and a work shaft for rotary excavation that can be attached to and detached from the drive unit and lowered by the drive unit. In the excavator adapted to excavate by adding a plurality of work shafts, the drive unit includes a work shaft holding unit provided with a drive motor reduction unit for holding the work shaft, and an outer peripheral side of the work shaft holding unit. And a rotation transmission portion that rotates the work shaft, and a drive actuator that is provided in a hollow portion formed inside the rotation transmission portion and removably fixes the work shaft. To do.
According to the work shaft coupling mechanism of the excavator according to the present invention, since the rotation transmission portion is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the work shaft holding portion and the drive actuator is provided in the hollow portion formed inside the rotation transmission portion, the drive portion The height of the drilling machine can be made smaller than the conventional one, the overall length of the excavator can be lowered, the stability of the excavator can be improved, and the length of the work shaft can be maintained long, and the excavation length can be deepened Work efficiency is improved.

The drive shaft member having the work shaft holding portion is provided with a flange portion connected to the rotation transmission mechanism, and the drive actuator extends downward through a hole formed in the flange portion. It is preferable that a fixture that fixes or removes the work shaft by advancing and retracting through a sliding hole provided in the inner wall of the shaft holding portion is connected.
According to the present invention, the substantially cylindrical rotation transmission portion is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the drive shaft member provided with the work shaft holding portion, and the drive actuator is provided in the hollow portion between the drive shaft member and the rotation transmission portion. Therefore, the rotation transmission part and the drive actuator can be arranged at substantially the same height position, and the flange part provided on the drive shaft member can be integrally rotated by connecting to the rotation transmission part, and provided on the flange part. Since the drive actuator extends downward through the hole and is connected to a fixture that advances and retreats through the slide hole provided in the inner wall of the work shaft holding portion, the operating shaft can be detachably fixed by the drive actuator.

According to the work shaft coupling mechanism of the excavator according to the present invention, the drive actuator is provided in the hollow portion formed inside the rotation transmission portion provided with the speed reduction portion of the drive motor in the drive portion. The excavator stability can be improved by lowering than the conventional one, and the length of the work shaft can be increased by the amount that the height of the drive unit is suppressed, and the excavation length of one operation can be deepened. The working depth is greatly improved by increasing the depth.

It is a side view which shows the excavator by embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the excavator shown in FIG. It is an enlarged side view which shows the transfer mechanism of the excavator shown in FIG. It is a horizontal expanded sectional view which follows the AA line of FIG. 3 which shows the transfer mechanism of an excavator. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure which connected the injection rod to the rear end of the screw rod excavated in the ground as an example of a working shaft. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure which connected the screw rod provided with the screw blade | wing to the screw rod as another example of a working shaft. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the drive part of an excavator. It is a principal part disassembled perspective view which shows the connection structure of work shafts.

Hereinafter, an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with front jacks 3 on the left and right sides of the front side of the carriage 2 such as a crawler, and rear jacks 4 on the left and right sides of the back side. ing. The carriage 2 is fixedly supported by a front jack 3 and a rear jack 4 so as to cope with high torque during excavation.

The column 6 is erected on the front side of the carriage 2 so as to rotate in a range from a standing state to a tilted state by driving the cylinder 7. The support column 6 is formed, for example, in a hollow circular cross section, and is provided with a top sheave 8 at the upper end portion. Further, from the lower side of the top sheave 8 to the left and right of the front side of the support column 6, 2 in parallel with the support column 6. A guide pipe 9 is provided. A drive unit 10 is provided at the upper part of the column 6 so as to be movable up and down along the guide pipe 9, and a work shaft 11 is attached to the lower part of the drive unit 10.
Further, the wire w fed out from the hydraulic winch 5 installed in the carriage 2 is hung on the top sheave 8 to suspend the drive unit 10. Move up and down.

  Further, a transfer mechanism 12 to which a work shaft 11 a for addition is attached is provided in the middle part of the support 6. 3 and 4, the transfer mechanism 12 is provided with a pair of arm portions 15 that can rotate with respect to the shaft portion 14 provided on the back side of the support column 6. It can be turned around. A grip part 20 for gripping the work shaft 11a is provided on the free end side of the arm part 15, and the grip part 20 is composed of a fixed part 17 and a movable part 18 which are curved. The movable portion 18 can be rotated by extending and contracting with the cylinder 19, and the work shaft 11 a can be held by the fixed portion 17 and the movable portion 18.

The transfer mechanism 12 can transfer the work shaft 11 a from the side surface side of the support column 6 to the lower portion of the drive unit 10 on the front surface side by rotating the arm portion 15. Here, as for the support | pillar 6, the recessed part 6a is provided in the part in which the transfer mechanism 12 is provided, and the axial part 14 of the arm part 15 is set in the recessed part 6a. When the arm portion 15 is rotated, a part of the arm portion 15 enters the recess 6 a, so that the peripheral surface of the column 6 does not interfere with the arm unit 15 even if the shaft portion 14 is set on the back side of the column 6.
As shown in the figure, the transfer mechanism 12 is not limited to providing the arm portions 15 on both the left and right sides, and for example, the arm portions 15 may be provided on either the left or right side. Further, it is not necessary to provide the recess 6 a in the column 6.

  Next, an example of the work shafts 11 and 11a that can be attached to the drive unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. The working shaft 11 in one example shown in FIG. 5 is driven by, for example, a screw rod (working shaft) 21 excavated in the ground at the head and injection rods (working shafts) 22 and 23 sequentially added to the rear end side. Has been configured. The screw rod 21 includes screw blades 21a on the peripheral surface, and a stirring head 24 is attached to the tip. These working shafts 11 are used, for example, for the purpose of improving soil quality by mixing and stirring, and are used for injecting chemicals, cement milk, mortar, and the like after excavation. The total length of the screw rod 21 and the injection rods 22 and 23 is set to about 5 m, for example.

  In addition, these chemical | medical agents etc. are sent to the drive part 10 by the supply pipe via the top sheave 8 from the trolley | bogie 2, and are inject | poured from the injection rods 22 and 23 connected with this drive part 10, thereby agitating head 24 Or is appropriately discharged from a hole provided in the screw rod 21.

  In addition, in the working shaft 11 of another example shown in FIG. 6, a screw rod (working shaft) 27 having a screw blade 25 on the peripheral surface and an auger head 26 attached to the tip is used at the head, and similarly, a screw is provided on the peripheral surface. Screw rods (work shafts) 29 and 30 having blades 28 are sequentially added. That is, the auger screw is configured by connecting the screw rods 27, 29, and 30, and is used for the purpose of drilling holes in the ground. The screw rods 27, 29, and 30 are each set to have a total length of about 5 m as in the case shown in FIG.

Next, the drive part 10 provided in the upper part of the support | pillar 6 so that raising / lowering is possible is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
The drive unit 10 can be moved up and down by a wire w, and a central shaft body 32 that holds the work shaft 11, a drive motor M that is rotationally driven by hydraulic pressure (or electricity), and an output from the drive motor M is decelerated. The rotation transmission part 33 which transmits is provided. The central shaft body 32 includes a swivel device 35 that injects a chemical solution and a hydraulic swivel device 36 that supplies oil. A work shaft insertion port 38 as a work shaft holding portion for holding the work shaft 11 so as to be integrally rotatable is formed below the drive shaft member 37. The work shaft insertion port 38 has a hexagonal cylindrical shape, for example.

  Further, a substantially cylindrical reduction gear case 40 is installed on the outer peripheral side of the drive shaft member 37 and the hydraulic swivel device 36 in the central shaft body 32, and the drive motor M is fixed to the outer end portion of the reduction gear case 40. . A rotation transmission portion 33 is disposed inside the speed reducer case 40. The rotation transmission unit 33 is connected to a ring-shaped output gear 41 and a connecting shaft 42, which are disposed via a bearing. The input gear 44 fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor M constitutes a speed reduction mechanism meshed with the output gear 41. The connecting shaft 42 is fixed to a flange portion 37 a formed integrally with the drive shaft member 37, and the rotation of the drive motor M is transmitted to the work shaft insertion port 38 of the drive shaft member 37 via the rotation transmission portion 43. Yes.

Therefore, the rotation transmission unit 33 is formed in a substantially cylindrical concave shape having the output gear 41 and the connecting shaft 42 and is attached to the inside of the speed reducer case 40. For example, a pair of hydraulic cylinders 46 are provided on both sides of the central drive shaft member 37 in the ring-shaped hollow portion 33 a in the rotation transmitting portion 33, and each hydraulic cylinder 46 is provided on the upper portion of the drive shaft member 37. The arm 47 is pivotally supported so as to be swingable.
A rod 48 that can be advanced and retracted provided in each hydraulic cylinder 46 extends downward through a through hole formed in the flange portion 37 a, and a lever 50 is attached to the lower end portion thereof via a shaft 49. The slide pin 51 is attached by a shaft 52. The shaft 49 is connected by a link 54 to a fixed shaft 53 provided on the lower surface of the flange portion 37a.

  In addition, a pair of through holes 38a are provided on the side wall of the work shaft insertion hole 38 formed in the drive shaft member 37, and a slidable slide pin 51 is inserted into each through hole 38a as a fixture. Has been. A protrusion having a semicircular cross section, for example, is provided on the tip side of the slide pin 51. Then, the slide pin 51 can be advanced and retracted in the through hole 38 a via the lever 50 by operating the hydraulic cylinder 46 to expand and contract the rod 48. The work shaft 11 inserted into the work shaft insertion port 38 is fixed at the position where the projection of the slide pin 51 has advanced into the work shaft insertion port 38, and the work shaft 11 can be removed at the retracted position.

The connection structure of the work shaft 11 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 8, for example, a hexagonal column-shaped connecting portion 56 is formed at the upper end of the work shaft 11, and groove portions 56 a into which the slide pins 51 are fitted are formed on opposite side portions of the connecting portion 56. The upper end portion of the work shaft 11 is fitted into the work shaft insertion port 38 of the drive unit 10, and the slide pin 51 is advanced by the hydraulic cylinder 46 and fitted into the groove portion 56 a, whereby the drive unit 10 and the work shaft 11 are connected. Can be linked.
When releasing the connection between the slide pin 51 and the work shaft 11, the work shaft 11 can be extracted from the work shaft insertion port 38 by operating the hydraulic cylinder 46 to retract the slide pin 51.

Further, the connection structure between the work shafts 11 will be described. The upper end portion of the work shaft 11 for addition is formed in a rectangular tube shape, for example, a hexagonal shape, in which the injection hole 56b for injecting the chemical solution is formed as described above. A cylindrical connecting portion 56 is formed, and groove portions 56a are respectively formed on opposite side portions. The lower end portion of the other work shaft 11 is provided with a concave portion 57 whose inner wall has a rectangular tube shape, for example, a hexagonal tube shape, in order to fit the connecting portion 56, and two further from the outside of the work shaft 11. Holes 59 for inserting the pins 58 are formed.
And while fitting the connection part 56 of the other work shaft 11 in the recessed part 57 of the work shaft 11, and inserting the pin 58 in the hole part 59, the work shaft 11 and the other work shaft 11 are connected integrally, The output of the drive unit 10 is transmitted to the lower work shaft 11. When the work shafts 11 and 11 are separated, the connecting portion 56 can be removed from the recessed portion 57 by removing the pin 58 from the hole portion 59. Further, the connection structure between the work shafts 11 is not limited to the structure described above, and other appropriate structures can be used.

  1 and 2, an annular steady rest 60 for guiding the work shaft 11 for excavating the ground is provided below the front side of the support column 6 (front side of the carriage 2). The steady rest 60 is provided so as to be movable up and down with respect to the ground. For example, the steady rest 60 and the work shaft 11 are connected by a wire or the like, and lifted by moving the drive unit 10 upward. Furthermore, it is held at a predetermined height by being attached to the carriage 2 by a hexagon bolt or the like.

The excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the operation thereof will be described next. First, the work shaft 11 (for example, the screw rod 21 shown in FIG. 5) is inserted into the work shaft insertion port 38 of the drive unit 10 in the excavator 1, and the rod 48 is contracted by operating the hydraulic cylinder 46, so that the lever 50 Then, the slide pin 51 is projected into the work shaft insertion port 38 through the through hole 38a and fitted into the groove portion 56a of the connecting portion 56, and the work shaft 11 is fixed. Thus, the work shaft 11 is set at the excavation position.
Next, the drive motor M of the drive unit 10 is driven to decelerate from the input gear 44 via the output gear 41 and the connecting shaft 42, and the work shaft 11 is rotated integrally with the drive shaft member 37 via the flange portion 37a. Then, the holding of the drive unit 10 by the hydraulic winch 5 is released, the drive unit 10 is moved downward along the guide pipe 9 by its own weight, and the ground is excavated by the work shaft 11.

  Then, the operation of the drive unit 10 is stopped in a state where the working shaft 11 has been excavated to a predetermined depth, and the hydraulic cylinder 46 is operated to push out the rod 48, whereby the slide pin 51 is pushed through the through hole 38a via the lever 50. Retreat. Then, the work shaft 11 is released from being fixed by retracting the slide pin 51 from the work shaft insertion port 38. Next, the hydraulic winch 5 is operated to lift the drive unit 10 to a predetermined height. Thereafter, for example, the cylinder 16 of the transfer mechanism 12 is driven to rotate one arm portion 15, and the other work shaft 11 a is transported between the placed work shaft 11 and the drive portion 10.

  Subsequently, the drive unit 10 is moved downward to insert another work shaft 11a into the work shaft insertion port 38, the hydraulic cylinder 46 is driven, and the slide pin 51 is advanced in the through hole 38a to connect the connection unit 56. The drive part 10 and the other work shaft 11a are connected by being fitted in the groove part 56a. And the holding part 20 of the arm part 15 of the transfer mechanism 12 is opened, and the arm part 15 is returned to the original position. Next, the drive unit 10 is moved downward so that the connecting portion 56 at the upper end of the placed work shaft 11 is fitted into the recess 57 of the other work shaft 11a, and the pin 58 is inserted into the hole 59 to move the upper and lower work. The shafts 11 and 11a are connected, and the drive unit 10 is actuated again. After the other work shaft 11a is set up, the next work shaft 11a is added by the transfer mechanism 12 in the same manner as described above.

As described above, according to the excavator 1 according to the present embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 46 is disposed in the ring-shaped hollow portion 33a formed inside the rotation transmission portion 33 connected to the drive motor M, and the work shaft is inserted. Since the slide pin 51 is configured to be moved forward and backward with respect to the work shaft 11 inserted into the opening 38, the height of the drive unit 10 can be kept low. Therefore, even if the height of the drive unit 10 is lowered, the length of the work shaft 11 can be maintained and the excavator 1 can be downsized. Alternatively, the length of the work shaft 11 can be extended without changing the height of the drive unit 10, the maximum excavation depth of the excavator 1 is increased, and the work efficiency is greatly improved.
Moreover, the drive unit 10 in the excavator 1 according to the present embodiment can be mounted by exchanging the drive unit in the conventional excavator described above.

In addition, the excavator of this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, an appropriate change and substitution can be performed.
For example, in the drive unit 10, the hydraulic cylinder 46 is used as a drive actuator for attaching and detaching the work shaft 11 inserted into the work shaft insertion port 38. Can do.
In the above-described embodiment, the working shaft 11 is used by adding the injection rods 22 and 23 to the screw rod 21 or by adding the screw rods 29 and 30 to the screw rod 27. It is not limited to such a configuration, and can also be used when excavating without adding the work shaft 11.

1 Excavator 6 Strut 9 Guide Pipe 10 Drive Unit
11, 11a Work shaft 33 Rotation transmission portion 33a Hollow portion 37 Drive shaft member 38 Work shaft insertion port 38a Through hole 41 Output gear 42 Connection shaft 46 Hydraulic cylinder 48 Rod 50 Lever 51 Slide pin M Drive motor

Claims (2)

A drive unit guided along the support column; and a rotary excavation work shaft that can be attached to and detached from the drive unit and lowered by the drive unit, and the work shaft or a plurality of work shafts are added. In an excavator adapted to excavate,
The drive unit includes a work shaft holding unit that holds the work shaft, a rotation transmission unit that is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the work shaft holding unit and includes a speed reduction unit of a drive motor that rotates the work shaft, A work shaft coupling mechanism for an excavator, comprising: a drive actuator provided in a hollow portion formed inside the rotation transmission portion and removably fixing the work shaft.   The drive shaft member provided with the work shaft holding portion is provided with a flange portion connected to the rotation transmission portion, and the drive actuator extends downward through a hole formed in the flange portion. 2. A work shaft coupling mechanism for an excavator according to claim 1, wherein a fixture for fixing or detaching the work shaft is connected by advancing and retracting through a through hole provided in an inner wall of the work shaft holding portion. .

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