JP6239913B2 - Temperature control device and temperature control method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to temperature control.

  Depending on the situation, the temperature control of the air conditioner and the fuel cell can be achieved by opening or shutting off the connecting channel that connects the hot water channel for the air conditioner and the coolant flow channel for the fuel cell. There is known a technique aiming at suitably implementing (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP2013-014268A

  The problem of the prior art is that there is room for improvement in energy efficiency when cooling water is used for heating. The energy efficiency here is a value obtained by dividing the increment of thermal energy contained in the warm air by heating by the energy input to heat the cooling water. In addition, downsizing of the apparatus, cost reduction, resource saving, ease of manufacture, improvement in usability, and the like have been desired.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms.

(1) According to one form of this invention, a temperature control apparatus is provided. The temperature control apparatus includes: a cooling unit that controls the temperature of the fuel cell; an air conditioning unit that circulates a heat medium for air conditioning; and an auxiliary device that includes at least two auxiliary devices that operate to operate the fuel cell. And when at least a part of the heat medium circulating in the cooling unit circulates in the air conditioning unit, the amount of heating to the heat medium circulating in the cooling unit is increased by using a part or all of the auxiliary machine. A heating unit that causes the heating unit to increase the amount of heating using a part of the auxiliary machine that is more energy efficient than the auxiliary machine. Perform the increase. According to this aspect, energy efficiency is improved when the heat medium (cooling water) circulating in the cooling unit is used for air conditioning. This is because when a heating amount is increased by using a part of the auxiliary machine, an auxiliary machine with good energy efficiency is used.

(2) In the above aspect, the auxiliary machines include a heat medium pump provided in the cooling unit for circulating the heat medium; the heating unit uses one of the auxiliary machines. In this case, the heating amount is increased by increasing the flow rate of the heat medium using the heat medium pump. According to this form, energy efficiency is improved. Since the heat medium pump contacts the heat medium, the heat medium can be efficiently heated. Therefore, since the heat medium pump is considered to have higher energy efficiency than other auxiliary machines, the above effect can be obtained by selecting it as the auxiliary machine to be used most preferentially.

(3) In the above aspect, the auxiliary equipment includes a fuel gas pump for supplying the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell to the fuel cell again; and the heating unit is configured to supply a flow rate of the heat medium. The heating amount is increased by increasing the number of revolutions of the fuel gas pump on the condition that is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. According to this form, energy efficiency is improved. This is because, until the flow rate of the heat medium reaches a predetermined value, the heating amount is increased without using the fuel gas pump, which is an auxiliary device with lower energy efficiency. Since the fuel gas pump cannot directly heat the heat medium, it is considered that the energy efficiency is lower than that of the heat medium pump.

(4) In the above aspect, the auxiliary equipment includes a compressor for supplying air to the fuel cell; the heating unit is required to have a rotational speed of the fuel gas pump equal to or higher than a predetermined value The heating amount is increased by increasing the rotation speed of the compressor. According to this form, energy efficiency is improved. This is because, until the rotational speed of the heat medium pump reaches a predetermined value, the heating amount is increased without using the compressor, which is an auxiliary machine with lower energy efficiency. The air heated by the compressor is often discharged to the atmosphere after being supplied to the fuel cell. The thermal energy contained in the discharged air is thrown away into the atmosphere. Thus, the compressor is considered to be less energy efficient than the fuel gas pump.

(5) In the above aspect, the heating unit increases the heating amount by changing the intermittent operation threshold value of the fuel cell on the condition that the rotation speed of the compressor is a predetermined value or more. This is because the heating amount is increased without changing the intermittent operation threshold until the rotational speed of the compressor reaches a predetermined value. The energy efficiency due to the change in the intermittent operation threshold tends to be lower than the energy efficiency due to an increase in the rotation speed of the compressor.

(6) In the above aspect, the air conditioning unit includes an electric heater that heats the heat medium, and controls the amount of heat generated by the electric heater by adjusting a duty; the duty of the heating unit is equal to or greater than a reference value As a necessary condition, the heating amount is increased by using a part or all of the auxiliary machine. According to this form, energy efficiency is improved. Electric heaters are more energy efficient than auxiliary machines. Therefore, until the duty reaches the reference value, the above effect can be obtained by realizing an increase in the heating amount by the electric heater regardless of the auxiliary machines.

(7) In the above aspect, the auxiliary machines include first and second auxiliary machines; the first auxiliary machine is higher in energy efficiency than the second auxiliary machine; When the required heating amount is less than a predetermined value, the heating amount is increased using the first auxiliary device, and when the required heating amount is not less than the predetermined value, the first and second auxiliary devices are used. Increase the amount of heating.

(8) In the above embodiment, the auxiliary machines include first and second auxiliary machines; the first auxiliary machine is higher in energy efficiency than the second auxiliary machine; When the heating amount is increased using the first auxiliary device, when the required heating amount is increased, the heating amount is increased using the first and second auxiliary devices.

  The present invention can be realized in various forms other than the above. For example, it can be realized in the form of a temperature control method, a program for realizing the method, a non-temporary storage medium storing the program, and the like.

The block diagram of a temperature control system. The figure which shows the flow of the cooling water and warm water in a non-connecting state. The figure which shows the flow of the heat medium in a connection state. The flowchart which shows a heating assistance process. The flowchart which shows the emitted-heat amount increase process.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the temperature control system 1. The temperature control system 1 is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, the temperature control system 1 includes a cooling unit 10, an air conditioning unit 20, a fuel cell ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 31, an air conditioning ECU 32, a hydrogen supply / discharge system 50, an air supply / discharge. A system 60, a fuel cell stack 100, a first connection channel 216, and a second connection channel 218 are provided.

  The fuel cell stack 100 is constituted by a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. The electric power generated by the fuel cell stack 100 is supplied to an automobile drive motor (not shown), a secondary battery (not shown), auxiliary machines, and the like. The auxiliary machines include a cooling water pump WP1, a hot water pump WP2, a hydrogen pump 56, an air compressor 61, a fan 112, a blower 220, and an electric heater 202, which will be described later. Among these, the auxiliary machines for operating the fuel cell are the coolant pump WP1, the hydrogen pump 56, the air compressor 61, and the fan 112. On the other hand, the hot water pump WP2, the blower 220, and the electric heater 202 are auxiliary machines for air conditioning.

  The hydrogen supply / discharge system 50 includes a hydrogen tank 51, a pressure reducing valve 52, a hydrogen gas supply path 53, a pressure regulating valve 54, an anode exhaust gas path 55, a hydrogen pump 56, an anode exhaust gas discharge path 57, and an on-off valve. 58. The hydrogen tank 51 stores hydrogen. The stored hydrogen is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 52 and then supplied to the hydrogen gas supply path 53. The hydrogen released to the hydrogen gas supply path 53 is adjusted to a predetermined pressure by a pressure adjustment valve 54 provided in the hydrogen gas supply path 53 and then supplied to the anode of the fuel cell stack 100.

  The on-off valve 58 opens and closes a flow path between the anode exhaust gas passage 55 and the anode exhaust gas discharge passage 57. When the on-off valve 58 is open, part of the anode exhaust gas is discharged to the outside. The hydrogen pump 56 supplies the anode exhaust gas discharged to the anode exhaust gas channel 55 to the hydrogen gas supply channel 53 again.

  The air supply / discharge system 60 includes an air compressor 61, an air supply path 62, and a cathode exhaust gas path 63. The air compressor 61 compresses air taken in from the atmosphere and supplies the compressed air to the cathode of the fuel cell stack 100 via the air supply path 62. The cathode exhaust gas is discharged from the cathode exhaust gas passage 63 to the atmosphere.

  The cooling unit 10 includes a cooling flow path 120, a cooling water pump WP1, a temperature sensor 130, a fuel cell stack 100, a temperature sensor 132, a radiator 110, a fan 112, a three-way valve V1, and a bypass 128. Is provided.

  The cooling channel 120 is a channel for circulating cooling water. The cooling water pump WP1 circulates the cooling water. The cooling water flows out of the cooling water pump WP1, and then passes through the fuel cell stack 100. The temperature sensor 130 measures the temperature of the cooling water flowing into the fuel cell stack 100. The temperature sensor 132 measures the temperature of cooling water flowing out from the fuel cell stack 100 (hereinafter referred to as “FC outlet temperature”).

  The cooling water flowing out of the fuel cell stack 100 passes through the radiator 110 or the bypass 128 and returns to the cooling water pump WP1. Which is passed is determined by opening and closing the three-way valve V1. The fan 112 promotes heat dissipation from the cooling water passing through the radiator 110 by sending air to the radiator 110.

  There are cases where the cooling water flowing out from the fuel cell stack 100 circulates only through the cooling flow path 120 and passes through the air conditioning flow path 210 before reaching the radiator 110 or the bypass 128. Which case is to be determined is determined by opening and closing the three-way valve V2 (detailed together with FIGS. 2 and 3). The first connection channel 216 and the second connection channel 218 are arranged so that the cooling water flowing out from the fuel cell stack 100 passes through the air conditioning channel 210, the cooling channel 120, the air conditioning channel 210, Functions as a flow path connecting the two.

  The fuel cell ECU 31 controls the FC outlet temperature by controlling the opening and closing of the three-way valve V1 and the rotational speed of the fan 112 based on the measured values of the temperature sensors 130 and 132.

  The air conditioning unit 20 includes an air conditioning channel 210, a hot water pump WP2, a temperature sensor 230, an electric heater 202, a heater core 200, a blower 220, a ventilation duct 24, a temperature sensor 232, and a three-way valve V2. Is provided.

  The air conditioning channel 210 is a channel for circulating hot water. The hot water pump WP2 circulates hot water. The hot water flowing out from the hot water pump WP2 is heated by the electric heater 202. The heated hot water passes through the heater core 200. The temperature sensor 230 measures the temperature of hot water flowing into the heater core 200 (hereinafter referred to as “heater core inlet temperature”). The temperature sensor 232 measures the temperature of hot water flowing out from the 200. The blower 220 blows air toward the vehicle interior via the ventilation duct 24. The blown air passes through the heater core 200 and is heated.

  The hot water flowing out of the heater core 200 circulates only in the air conditioning flow path 210 or passes through a part of the cooling flow path 120 and returns to the hot water pump WP2. Which state is reached is determined by opening and closing of the three-way valve V2 (detailed together with FIGS. 2 and 3). The three-way valve V2 connects the first connection channel 216 and the air conditioning channel 210.

  The air conditioning ECU 32 determines the duty of the electric heater 202, the rotational speed of the blower 220, the opening and closing of the three-way valve V2, the cooling device (for refrigerant) according to the target passenger compartment temperature, the current passenger compartment temperature, the current outside air temperature, and the like. , Etc. (not shown). The duty is the ratio of the time during which current flows through the electric heater 202 in one cycle in the pulse width modulation control. As a result, the amount of heat released from the heater core 200 and the blowing temperature are controlled. The heat radiation from the heater core 200 is used in air conditioning modes such as cooling and defrosting in addition to heating.

  FIG. 2 shows the flow of cooling water and hot water in a disconnected state. The unconnected state is realized by closing the three-way valve V2. In the disconnected state, the cooling water circulates only through the cooling unit 10, and the hot water circulates only through the air conditioning unit 20. Therefore, temperature control is performed in each of the cooling unit 10 and the air conditioning unit 20.

  FIG. 3 shows the flow of the heat medium in the connected state. A heat medium here is a general term for cooling water and warm water. The cooling water and the hot water are the same substance, and are distinguished from each other based on the use in the unconnected state.

  In the connected state, the first connection channel 216 functions as a channel for drawing the heat medium flowing out from the fuel cell stack 100 into the air conditioning unit 20. In the connected state, the second connection channel 218 functions as a channel for allowing the heat medium flowing out from the heater core 200 to flow into the radiator 110 or the bypass 128. As a result, the heat medium circulates between the cooling unit 10 and the air conditioning unit 20. In the connected state, waste heat from the fuel cell stack 100 is used for air conditioning in the passenger compartment.

  The fuel cell ECU 31 determines whether or not to permit the connection state based on the FC outlet temperature, the state of heat radiation from the radiator 110, and the like, and transmits it to the air conditioning ECU 32 by communication. The air conditioning ECU 32 closes the three-way valve V2 when the connected state is not permitted by the fuel cell ECU 31. The air conditioning ECU 32 determines whether the three-way valve V2 is opened or closed when the connected state is permitted by the fuel cell ECU 31. This determination is executed based on a normal control method that takes into consideration the stability and responsiveness of the temperature control of the cooling water, or fuel consumption.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the heating assist process. This process is repeatedly executed by the fuel cell ECU 31 while air conditioning is being performed. As shown in FIG. 4, when a predetermined determination result is obtained in the determination steps of steps S310 to S360, a heat generation amount increasing process is executed (step S380). Hereinafter, the determination contents of steps S310 to S360 will be described, and the technical significance of steps S310 to S360 will be described after the heat generation amount increasing process.

  First, it is determined whether the connection state is set (step S310). Information indicating whether the connection state is set is acquired from the air conditioning ECU 32 by communication. When the connected state is set (step S310, YES), it is determined whether the duty of the electric heater 202 is 100% (step S320).

  When the duty of the electric heater 202 is 100% (step S320, YES), it is determined whether the rapid warm-up is being executed (step S330). Rapid warm-up is a technique for raising the FC outlet temperature by carrying out power generation with greatly reduced power generation efficiency than usual. The energy corresponding to the decrease in power generation efficiency becomes heat and heats the heat medium. This temperature rise is used for warming up or heating the fuel cell.

  When the rapid warm-up is not being executed (step S330, NO), it is determined whether the rapid warm-up can be performed (step S340). The rapid warm-up reduces the power generation efficiency as described above, and therefore is not executed when a predetermined amount of power generation is required. In addition, since the rapid warm-up increases the heat generation amount of the fuel cell stack 100 as described above, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 100 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value in order to avoid the fuel cell stack 100 from becoming high temperature. Is not executed. Based on these conditions, the fuel cell ECU 31 determines whether to perform rapid warm-up.

  When the rapid warm-up is being executed (step S330, YES), or when the rapid warm-up is not possible (step S340, NO), it is determined whether the insufficient heat amount is greater than or equal to a reference value (step S350). The insufficient heat amount is a value obtained by subtracting the heating amount from the heating required heat amount. The amount of heat required for heating is calculated by the air conditioning ECU 32 as the amount of heat release for exhibiting desired heating performance. This calculation is executed based on, for example, the current cabin temperature, target cabin temperature, heater core inlet temperature, and the like. The amount of heating is the sum of the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 100 and the amount of heat generated by the electric heater 202 when the duty is 100%. The waste heat of the fuel cell stack 100 is heat generated by power generation, and is calculated from the power generation efficiency at each output. The calculation of the waste heat of the fuel cell stack 100 may be executed based on the temperature difference obtained by subtracting the FC inlet temperature from the FC outlet temperature and the flow rate of the heat medium passing through the fuel cell stack 100.

  When the amount of insufficient heat is equal to or higher than the reference value (step S350, YES), it is determined whether the outside air temperature is -10 ° C or lower (step S360). The outside air temperature is measured by an outside air temperature sensor (not shown) and acquired via the in-vehicle LAN. When the outside air temperature is −10 ° C. or lower (step S360, YES), a heat generation amount increasing process is executed (step S380), and the process returns to step S310.

  On the other hand, as will be described later in detail, when it is determined NO in any of steps S310, S320, S350, and S360, step S370 is executed. Step S370 is also executed when it is determined YES in S340. Step S370 is a step for restoring the parameter changed by the heat generation amount increasing process.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the heat generation amount increasing process. First, the flow rate of the heat medium circulated by the cooling water pump WP1 (hereinafter referred to as “flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1”) is set to a value higher than the normal value (step S400). This increase in the flow rate is realized by increasing the rotational speed of the cooling water pump WP1. When the rotational speed of the cooling water pump WP1 increases, the amount of heat generated by the cooling water pump WP1 increases due to an increase in mechanical loss. Part of the heat generated by the cooling water pump WP1 is transmitted to the heat medium. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the cooling water pump WP1 increases, the amount of heating for the heat medium increases. Since the heat generation amount increasing process is executed in the connected state as described above, the increased heating amount contributes to an increase in heating capacity.

  The determination of the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1 is executed by map control. In the map used for this control, the number of rotations of the cooling water pump WP1 is determined with respect to the required amount of heating heat. The determination of the number of revolutions is performed in advance based on how much the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1 is sufficient to compensate for the above insufficient heat quantity. Therefore, when the required heating heat amount increases, the rotational speed of the cooling water pump WP1 also increases. However, in order to avoid an increase in noise or failure of the cooling water pump WP1, an upper limit value is set for the flow rate.

  Subsequently, it is determined whether the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1 is set to the upper limit value (step S410). When the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1 is set to the upper limit value (step S410, YES), it is determined whether the heating amount is insufficient even if the increase in the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1 is taken into account (step S420). When the heating amount is insufficient (step S420, YES), the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump 56 is set to a value higher than the normal value (step S420). The number of rotations of the hydrogen pump 56 is determined by map control as in the case of the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1, and an upper limit value is set.

  As described above, the rotational speed of the hydrogen pump 56 is increased on the condition that the flow rate of the cooling water pump WP1 is the upper limit value because the cooling water pump WP1 is more energy efficient. The energy efficiency here is a value obtained by dividing the increment of heat energy radiated from the heater core 200 by the energy additionally supplied to the cooling water pump WP1 or the hydrogen pump 56. The heat generated from the cooling water pump WP1 is transmitted almost directly to the heat medium. On the other hand, since the heat from the hydrogen pump 56 is transferred to the heat medium via the hydrogen and the fuel cell stack 100, a part of the heat escapes to the atmosphere. The heat generated by the hydrogen pump 56 includes heat generated by mechanical loss of the hydrogen pump 56 and heat generated by converting the compression work for hydrogen. Therefore, the increase in the rotational speed of the cooling water pump WP1 is more energy efficient than the increase in the rotational speed of the hydrogen pump 56.

  Next, it is determined whether the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump 56 has been set to the upper limit value (step S440). When the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump 56 is set to the upper limit value (step S440, YES), it is determined whether the heating amount is insufficient even when the increase in the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump 56 is taken into account (step S450). When the heating amount is insufficient (step S450, YES), the rotation speed of the air compressor 61 is set to a value higher than the normal value (step S460). The rotational speed of the air compressor 61 is determined by map control, as in the case of the rotational speed of the hydrogen pump 56, and an upper limit value is set.

  As described above, the rotational speed of the air compressor 61 is increased on the condition that the rotational speed of the hydrogen pump 56 is the upper limit value because the hydrogen pump 56 is more energy efficient. When the on-off valve 58 is closed, the hydrogen heated by the hydrogen pump 56 returns to the hydrogen pump 56 after transferring heat to the fuel cell stack 100. Therefore, the heat that has not been transferred to the fuel cell stack 100 can be reused. On the other hand, the air heated by the air compressor 61 passes through the fuel cell stack 100 and is discharged from the cathode exhaust gas passage 63 to the atmosphere, so that the heat not transmitted to the fuel cell stack 100 is discarded to the atmosphere. . Therefore, the hydrogen pump 56 is considered to be more energy efficient.

  Next, it is determined whether the rotation speed of the air compressor 61 is set to the upper limit value (step S470). When the rotation speed of the air compressor 61 is set to the upper limit value (step S470, YES), it is determined whether the heating amount is insufficient even when the increase in the rotation speed of the air compressor 61 is taken into account (step S480). If the heating amount is insufficient (step S480, YES), the intermittent operation threshold is set to a value lower than normal (step S490), and the heat generation amount increasing process is terminated. The intermittent operation threshold is a value that serves as a reference for switching between normal operation and intermittent operation, and is a value that is compared with an output request value. The intermittent operation is a method of stopping power generation by the fuel cell and supplying power from the secondary battery to the load. The intermittent operation is realized by intermittently supplying hydrogen and air to the fuel cell stack 100 and maintaining the open end voltage of the fuel cell within a predetermined range. The output request value is a power value required for power supply to the drive motor, auxiliary machinery, etc., and is calculated by the fuel cell ECU 31.

  The intermittent operation is a method for improving fuel efficiency by suppressing power generation under conditions where power generation efficiency is low. Therefore, the intermittent operation threshold is set so that the power generation efficiency is as high as possible while securing the power generation amount. If the intermittent operation threshold is set to a value lower than the normal value, power generation with lower efficiency than normal can be executed. Low-efficiency power generation increases the amount of heat generated by the fuel cell stack 100. As a result, the amount of heating to the heat medium increases. The extent to which the intermittent operation threshold is lowered is determined according to the amount of insufficient heat. However, the lower limit is set in consideration of protection of the cells constituting the fuel cell.

  Although the energy efficiency by changing the intermittent operation threshold is difficult to say because there are many related parameters, it tends to be lower than the energy efficiency due to the increase in the rotation speed of the air compressor 61. Therefore, as described above, when the rotational speed of the air compressor 61 reaches the upper limit value, the intermittent operation threshold value is changed.

  On the other hand, if at least one of the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1 is less than the upper limit value (step S410, NO) and the heating amount is not insufficient (step S420, NO), the heating is more than this. Since there is no need to increase the amount, the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump 56 and the air compressor 61 is set to a normal value (step S435, step S465), the intermittent operation threshold is also set to a normal value (step S495), and the heat generation amount increases. The process ends.

  If at least one of the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump 56 is less than the upper limit (step S440, NO) and the heating amount is not insufficient (step S450, NO), the rotation speed of the air compressor 61 is set. The normal value is set (step S465), the intermittent operation threshold is set to the normal value (step S495), and the heat generation amount increasing process is terminated.

  If at least one of the rotational speed of the air compressor 61 is less than the upper limit value (step S470, NO) and the heating amount is not insufficient (step S480, NO), the intermittent operation threshold is set to the normal value. After setting (step S495), the heat generation amount increasing process is terminated.

  Here, the determination steps included in the heating assist process (FIG. 4) will be described. It is in a disconnected state (step S310, NO), the duty of the electric heater 202 is less than 100% (step S320, NO), the insufficient heat amount is less than a reference value (step S350, NO), and the outside When at least any one of that the temperature is higher than −10 ° C. (step S360, NO) is satisfied, the flow rate by the cooling water pump WP1, the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump 56 and the air compressor 61, and the intermittent operation threshold value are set. The normal value is set (step S370), and the process returns to step S310. Further, when the rapid warm-up is not being executed (step S330, NO) and the rapid warm-up can be performed (step S340, YES), step S370 is executed, and the process returns to step S310.

  The reason why the heat generation amount increasing process is not executed in the disconnected state as described above is because the heat generation amount increasing process is effective in the connected state as described above.

  When the duty of the electric heater 202 is less than 100%, the heat generation amount increasing process is not executed. When there is a surplus in the heating capacity of the electric heater 202, the heating amount is increased by the surplus capacity rather than execution of the heat generation amount increasing process. It is because it is preferable to increase. The reason is that the heating by the electric heater 202 is more energy efficient than the heating by the calorific value increasing process. The energy input as an additional component for increasing the rotational speed of the cooling water pump WP1 or the like is also converted into fluid kinetic energy, pump vibration, noise, or the like. On the other hand, the energy input to the electric heater 202 as an additional amount is converted into almost 100% heat, and most of the heat is transferred to the heat medium.

  The reason why the heat generation amount increase process is not executed when the rapid warm-up is not executed when the rapid warm-up can be executed is the same as the reason for the electric heater 202, but the heat generation amount increase process is performed in the case of the rapid warm-up. This is because the energy efficiency is better than the execution of. Rapid warm-up is energy efficient because the chemical energy of hydrogen is directly converted into heat.

  The reason why the heat generation amount increasing process is not executed when the insufficient heat amount is less than the reference value is to balance the fuel consumption and the heating capacity. If the heating capacity is given priority as much as possible, it is preferable to immediately execute the heat generation amount increasing process when there is even a shortage of heat. On the other hand, if priority is given to fuel consumption as much as possible, it is preferable not to execute the heat generation amount increasing process even if the insufficient heat amount is large. In this embodiment, this balance is taken, and when the insufficient heat quantity is less than the reference value, that is, when the insufficient heat quantity is relatively small, the heat generation amount increasing process is not executed, and when the insufficient heat quantity is greater than the reference value, the heat generation amount increasing process is executed. Adopted the method to do.

  The reason why the heat generation amount increasing process is not executed when the outside air temperature is higher than −10 ° C. is to balance the fuel consumption and the heating capacity as in the case of the insufficient heat amount. When the outside air temperature is higher than −10 ° C., the vehicle interior temperature and the blowout temperature can reach the target values in a relatively short time by heating the electric heater 202 even if the insufficient heat quantity is equal to or higher than the reference value. Can do. Therefore, in the present embodiment, in consideration of fuel efficiency, a method is employed in which the heat generation amount increase process is not executed when the outside air temperature is higher than −10 ° C.

  According to the present embodiment, the heating capacity of the air conditioning unit 20 can be increased by the heat generation amount increasing process. This increase in heating capacity is realized by an auxiliary device provided for purposes other than heating, so that it is not necessary to newly install an auxiliary device for heating. In addition, when the increase in the heating amount by the electric heater 202 and rapid warm-up can be executed, it is possible to avoid the increase in the heating amount by the auxiliary machine and when the increase in the heating amount by the auxiliary machine is executed. By using the auxiliary machines in order of increasing energy efficiency, deterioration of fuel consumption is suppressed. If the heating amount is still insufficient even when using an auxiliary machine, the heating capacity can be increased by changing the intermittent operation threshold.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments, examples, and modifications of the present specification, and can be implemented with various configurations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the technical features in the embodiments, examples, and modifications corresponding to the technical features in the embodiments described in the summary section of the invention are to solve some or all of the above-described problems, or In order to achieve part or all of the effects described above, replacement or combination can be performed as appropriate. If the technical feature is not described as essential in this specification, it can be deleted as appropriate. For example, the following are exemplified.

A necessary condition for increasing the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump may be that the flow rate of the cooling water pump has reached a predetermined value (for example, 90% of the upper limit value).
A necessary condition for increasing the rotation speed of the air compressor may be that the rotation speed of the hydrogen pump has reached a predetermined value (for example, 90% of the upper limit value).
A necessary condition for changing the intermittent operation threshold may be that the rotation speed of the air compressor has reached a predetermined value (for example, 90% of the upper limit value).
The amount of heating may be increased using a hot water pump.

Regardless of the duty of the electric heater and the implementation status of the rapid warm-up, the heating amount using the auxiliary machine may be increased.
The order of the energy efficiency shown in the embodiment is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this. Based on theoretical calculation or actual measurement value, the order of energy efficiency may be determined as different from the embodiment.
It is not necessary to use it for heating assistance in the order of energy efficient accessories. For example, it may be used for increasing the heating amount in order from an auxiliary machine selected at random, or may be used for increasing the heating amount in order from other parameters other than energy efficiency. Examples of other parameters include responsiveness and quietness.

At least a part of the control object of the fuel cell ECU may be the control object of the air conditioning ECU 32. Alternatively, at least a part of the control target of the air conditioning ECU may be set as the control target of the fuel cell ECU. For example, the control described in the embodiment may be realized by one ECU.
The means for selecting either the connected state or the unconnected state may not be a three-way valve. For example, the flow path may be opened and closed using two shut valves.
The heat medium may not be water but may be other fluid, for example, silicone oil.
The temperature control system may be mounted on a transport device other than an automobile, for example, a train, a ship, an aircraft, a spacecraft, or the like.
The type of the fuel cell is not limited to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell, but may be, for example, a phosphoric acid fuel cell, a molten carbonate fuel cell, or a solid oxide fuel cell.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Temperature control system 10 ... Cooling part 20 ... Air conditioning part 24 ... Ventilation duct 31 ... ECU for fuel cells
32 ... ECU for air conditioning
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 50 ... Hydrogen supply discharge system 51 ... Hydrogen tank 52 ... Pressure reducing valve 53 ... Hydrogen gas supply path 54 ... Pressure control valve 55 ... Anode exhaust gas path 56 ... Hydrogen pump 57 ... Anode exhaust gas discharge path 58 ... Opening / closing valve 60 ... Air supply discharge system DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 61 ... Air compressor 62 ... Air supply path 63 ... Cathode exhaust gas path 100 ... Fuel cell stack 110 ... Radiator 112 ... Fan 120 ... Cooling flow path 128 ... Bypass 130 ... Temperature sensor 132 ... Temperature sensor 200 ... Heater core 202 ... Electric heater 210 ... Air conditioning flow path 216 ... first connection flow path 218 ... second connection flow path 220 ... blower 230 ... temperature sensor 232 ... temperature sensor WP1 ... cooling water pump WP2 ... hot water pump

Claims (9)

A cooling unit for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell;
An air conditioning unit for circulating a heat medium for air conditioning;
Auxiliaries including at least two auxiliaries operating to operate the fuel cell;
When at least a part of the heat medium circulating through the cooling unit circulates through the air conditioning unit, heating that increases the amount of heating to the heat medium circulating through the cooling unit using a part or all of the auxiliary machine With
When the heating unit increases the heating amount using a part of the auxiliary device, the heating unit increases the heating amount using a higher energy efficiency among the auxiliary devices. Temperature control device . The temperature control device according to claim 1,
The auxiliary machinery includes a heat medium pump provided in the cooling unit to circulate the heat medium,
When the heating unit uses one of the auxiliary machines, the heating amount is increased by increasing the flow rate of the heat medium using the heat medium pump. The temperature control device according to claim 2,
The auxiliary equipment includes a fuel gas pump for supplying the fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell to the fuel cell again,
The heating unit increases the amount of heating by increasing the number of revolutions of the fuel gas pump on the condition that the flow rate of the heat medium is a predetermined value or more. The temperature control device according to claim 3,
The auxiliary machinery includes a compressor for supplying air to the fuel cell,
The heating control unit increases the heating amount by increasing the rotation speed of the compressor on the condition that the rotation speed of the fuel gas pump is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. The temperature control device according to claim 4,
The heating control unit increases the heating amount by changing an intermittent operation threshold value of the fuel cell on the condition that the rotation speed of the compressor is a predetermined value or more. A temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The air conditioning unit includes an electric heater that heats the heat medium, and controls the amount of heat generated by the electric heater by adjusting the duty.
The said heating part performs the increase in the heating amount using a part or all of the said auxiliary machine on the condition that the said duty is more than a reference value. Temperature control apparatus. The temperature control device according to claim 1,
The auxiliary machines include first and second auxiliary machines,
The first auxiliary machine is more energy efficient than the second auxiliary machine,
When the required heating amount is less than a predetermined value, the heating unit increases the heating amount using the first auxiliary device, and when the required heating amount is not less than the predetermined value, the first and second A temperature control device that uses an auxiliary machine to increase the amount of heating. The temperature control device according to claim 1,
The auxiliary machines include first and second auxiliary machines,
The first auxiliary machine is more energy efficient than the second auxiliary machine,
The heating unit increases the heating amount using the first and second auxiliary devices when the required heating amount increases when the heating amount is increased using the first auxiliary device. Control device. To operate the fuel cell, operate at least two auxiliary machines,
The temperature of the heat medium circulating in the cooling section to control the temperature of the fuel cell;
A method for controlling the temperature of a heat medium circulating in an air conditioning unit for air conditioning,
When at least a part of the heat medium circulating through the cooling unit circulates through the air conditioning unit, when increasing the amount of heating to the heat medium circulating through the cooling unit using a part of the auxiliary machine, The heating amount is increased using an auxiliary machine having high energy efficiency.
Temperature control method.

Images