JP6235911B2 - Interleaving device, deinterleaving device, and interleaving method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an interleaving device, a deinterleaving device, and an interleaving method, and in particular, an apparatus and method for rearranging data by accumulating digital data in a predetermined order and reading out the data in an order different from the accumulating order, Furthermore, the present invention relates to a data transmission device and a reception device using an interleave device and a deinterleave device.

  In recording / reproduction and transmission of digital data, it is possible to perform error correction using random error correction codes such as convolution codes for random errors due to Gaussian noise or the like. However, when errors occur in a concentrated manner due to continuous noise, etc. (in the case of burst errors), if multiple errors occur within one codeword and exceed the error correction code capability, the original The codeword cannot be restored.

  Interleaving processing that rearranges the original order of digital data is introduced for the purpose of enabling efficient error correction by dispersing continuous burst errors and converting them into random errors. .

  This interleaving method includes uniform interleaving and non-uniform interleaving. A typical example of uniform interleaving is a method of reading data accumulated in the horizontal direction continuously in the accumulation area in the vertical direction (Non-patent Document 1). Non-uniform interleaving includes a method (helical interleaving) of reading data accumulated continuously in the horizontal direction in an oblique direction.

  A dispersion example when uniform interleaving and helical interleaving are used will be described with reference to FIG. Here, 64 pieces of data are assumed, and each piece of data is represented by a number (number). The original data as a signal source is continuous data arranged in ascending order of numbers. FIG. 4A shows a state in which the signal source data is sequentially accumulated in the row direction (horizontal direction) in the 8 vertical and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, the memory device). After 8 data are accumulated from the left to the right for the first row, 8 data are accumulated in order from the left to the right for the second row, and similarly to the right end of the 8th row. Pieces of data are accumulated.

  First, uniform interleaving will be described. In uniform interleaving, data stored as shown in FIG. 4A is sequentially read from the left end in the column direction (vertical direction). That is, the first column of data (1, 9, 17, 25, 33, 41, 49, 57) is read in the vertical direction from the top, and then the second column of data (2, 10, 18, 26, 34). , 42, 50, 58) are read in order from the top, and similarly, the data in the vertical direction are sequentially read up to the bottom data (64) in the eighth column. This operation is an interleaving process. Data is transmitted in the order of reading.

  This interleaving process can also be performed as follows. First, the original data serving as a signal source is stored in the order of the original data array in the column direction (vertical direction) in the 8 vertical and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, memory devices). That is, 8 data are stored in order from the top to the bottom for the first column on the left side, and then 8 data are stored in order from the top to the bottom in the second column from the left side. 64 data are stored in order up to the bottom. As a result, data is accumulated as shown in FIG. Next, the accumulated data is read in the row direction and sequentially transmitted. That is, the first row of data is read sequentially from left to right, then the second row of data is read sequentially from left to right, and the data stored in each row is similarly read from left to right. Read 64 data. Data is transmitted in the order of reading.

  Next, deinterleaving processing will be described. On the receiving side of the transmitted data, the data is stored in the order of the transmission in the row direction (left to right) from the first row in the 8 vertical and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, memory device). Then, the data array as shown in FIG. 4B is restored. The deinterleaving process is to read data from this array in the order of the original signal source. On the receiving side, the interleaving process on the transmitting side is known in advance (that is, it is possible to predict which storage location the data of the signal source will be stored in when it is accumulated in the order of transmission). Data can be read sequentially from the storage location in the order corresponding to interleaving. In the case of uniform interleaving, the first (first) data of the signal source is stored at the top of the first column on the left side of the accumulation region, and the second data of the signal source is stored at the second in the first column. In the following, data up to the eighth is stored in the first column on the left side in order from the top. In the second column on the left side, the 9th to 16th data are stored in order from the top. Hereinafter, the data is successively accumulated from the top to the bottom for each column sequentially from the left side. Therefore, the data stored in the accumulation area is read from the first column on the left side in the vertical direction (column direction) in order from top to bottom, and then the data in each column is sequentially read from the left side to top to bottom. The data order of the signal sources is restored, and the deinterleaving process is completed.

  This deinterleaving process can also be performed as follows. On the receiving side, since the interleaving processing on the transmitting side is known in advance, it is possible to predict what number of data of the original signal source is in the order of transmission. As a result, on the data receiving side, the original signal source order (that is, the arrangement shown in FIG. 4A) is set for the 8 vertical storage areas and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, memory devices). The individual data are stored sequentially. If it is uniform interleaving, the data sent first is the first data of the original signal source, so it is stored at the top of the first column on the left side of the accumulation area, and the data sent next Is the ninth data of the original signal source, so it is stored in the second column in the first column on the left side of the accumulation area, and the next transmitted data is the 17th data of the original signal source, so accumulation By storing the third data in the first column on the left side of the area and storing the transmitted data discretely in the accumulation area, the accumulation state of FIG. 4A can be restored. By reading this data in the row direction (from left to right) sequentially from the first row, the deinterleaving process is completed.

  Next, helical interleaving that is non-uniform interleaving will be described. In helical interleaving, the accumulated data as shown in FIG. 4A is read in an oblique direction from the data on the first in the first left column to the data on the bottom in the right end column, and the diagonal columns are sequentially shifted. Read. That is, the data (1, 10, 19, 28, 37, 46, 55, 64) in the first diagonal direction (from the first in the left first column to the bottom in the right end column) are read in order, and then the next diagonal direction Data (2,11,20,29,38,47,56,57) (from the top of the second column on the left side to the second diagonally from the bottom of the right column and then the bottom of the first column on the left side) In the diagonal direction, and then in the next diagonal direction (from the top of the left third row to the third diagonal from the bottom of the right end row, then from the bottom of the left side of the first row to the second from the left of the bottom row) The data (3,12,21,30,39,48,49,58) in the diagonal direction is read out in the oblique direction in the same manner up to the seventh data (63) from the left at the bottom. This operation is an interleaving process. Data is transmitted in the order of reading.

  This interleaving process can also be performed as follows. Original data serving as a signal source is stored in 8 vertical and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, a memory device). First, the first 8 data are arranged in the column direction (vertical direction), that is, on the left side. The first column is stored in order from top to bottom, then the ninth data is stored at the bottom of the second column from the left side, and then the tenth to sixteenth data are stored in order from the top of the second column. . In the third column on the left, the 17th and 18th data are stored in the lower two rows, and then the 19th to 24th data are stored in order from the top. After storing (k-1) pieces of data, (9-k) pieces of data are continuously accumulated on the upper side, and 64 pieces of data are sequentially accumulated up to the eighth column. As a result, data is accumulated as shown in FIG. Next, the accumulated data is read in the row direction and sequentially transmitted. That is, the first row of data is read sequentially from left to right, then the second row of data is read sequentially from left to right, and the data stored in each row is similarly read from left to right. Read 64 data. Data is transmitted in the order of reading.

  Next, deinterleaving processing will be described. On the receiving side of the transmitted data, the data is stored in the order of the transmission in the row direction (left to right) from the first row in the 8 vertical and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, memory device). Then, the data array as shown in FIG. 4C is restored. In helical interleaving, when data is accumulated in the order of transmission, the first (first) data of the signal source is stored at the top of the first column on the left side of the accumulation area. Up to the eighth data is stored, and in the second column on the left side, the ninth data is stored at the bottom, and then the tenth to sixteenth data are stored in order from the top. In the k-th column, it is known in advance that (k−1) pieces of young numbers are stored on the lower side, and the subsequent (9-k) pieces of data are successively stored on the upper side. Therefore, the data stored in the accumulation area is sequentially read out in the order of the numbers assigned to the storage locations in FIG. 4C, whereby the data order of the signal sources is restored and the deinterleaving process is completed.

  This deinterleaving process can also be performed as follows. On the side where the transmitted data is received, the original signal sources are arranged in the order (that is, the arrangement shown in FIG. 4A) with respect to the 8 vertical storage areas and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, memory devices). The individual data are stored sequentially. In the case of helical interleaving, the first data sent is the first data of the original signal source, so it is stored at the top of the first column on the left side of the storage area, and the next data sent is Since it is the 10th data of the original signal source, it is stored in the second column in the second column on the left side of the accumulation area, and the next transmitted data is the 19th data of the original signal source. 4 is stored in the third column on the left side, and the transmitted data is stored in the accumulation area discretely in the same manner, so that the accumulation state of FIG. 4A can be restored. By reading this data in the row direction (from left to right) sequentially from the first row, the deinterleaving process is completed.

NHK Digital Television Technical Textbook, July 5, 2008 (2nd edition issued), Editor: Japan Broadcasting Corporation, Publisher: Japan Broadcasting Publishing Association, page 105

  The uniform interleaving and the helical interleaving are distributed as shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, respectively, when the data is rearranged by the interleaving process. In both interleaves, in the horizontal block after interleaving (one row is regarded as one block in the accumulation area), the numerical values separated from each other are collected as one block, and therefore the data is sufficiently dispersed. On the other hand, in a vertical block (one column is regarded as one block in the accumulation area), since consecutive values are gathered as one block, data is not distributed.

  In such a distribution method in which data in a block is not sufficiently distributed, when interleaving processing is applied to error correction used when receiving transmission data such as information data correctly, it continuously exceeds a certain threshold. When an error occurs, there is a problem that a pattern in which an error remains even if error correction processing is repeated occurs.

  For example, in a system that uses a concatenated code with error correction added in the vertical and horizontal blocks and performs transmission after performing rearrangement by conventional interleaving, long continuous errors over multiple blocks occurred during transmission. In this case, in the accumulated data, errors in the horizontal direction are evenly distributed to all blocks, so that error correction is possible, but errors in the vertical direction are concentrated in one or several blocks. There are cases where error correction is impossible when errors exceeding the limit occur.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an interleaving device, a deinterleaving device, and an interleaving method that can be used to create data having high resistance to various burst errors.

  In the present invention, interleaving is used that evenly assigns data to each block in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and in the storage area, the horizontal direction is sufficiently distributed as well as the horizontal direction.

In order to solve the above problems, an interleaving apparatus according to the present invention is an interleaving apparatus that rearranges an array of continuous digital data, and includes at least n × n (where n is an integer of 3 or more) storage areas. The digital data ordered from No. 1 to n ^{2 is} stored in the storage area so that the sum of the numbers of numbers arranged in each row and each column is n (n ² +1) / 2. The data is rearranged by sequentially reading out the stored data in the row direction or the column direction.

In order to solve the above problems, an interleaving apparatus according to the present invention is an interleaving apparatus that rearranges an array of continuous digital data, and includes at least n × n (where n is an integer of 3 or more) storage areas. The digital data ordered from No. 1 to No. ² is stored in the storage area, and then read out in a predetermined order different from the storage order and rearranged. As a result, the digital data is divided into n parts in the rearranged order. The sum of the data numbers of the data, the i-th data (where i is 1 to n), the i + n-th data, the i + 2n-th data,. , All equal.

  In order to solve the above problems, a data transmission apparatus according to the present invention includes a block encoding unit that encodes digital data in units of blocks, an interleave apparatus that performs interleaving on the encoded data, and interleaved data. And a digital modulation unit that modulates the above-described interleaving device.

In order to solve the above problems, a deinterleaving apparatus according to the present invention is a deinterleaving apparatus that returns digital data rearranged according to a predetermined rule to an original arrangement, and is at least n × n (where n is 3 or more) Storage area, and the rearranged n ² digital data are sequentially stored in the storage area in the row direction or the column direction in the input order, and as a result, arranged in each row and each column. The sum of the numbers of the numbers indicating the original arrangement order is n (n ² +1) / 2, and then sequentially reading from No. 1 to n ² according to the order based on the predetermined rule, It is characterized by returning to an array.

In order to solve the above problems, a deinterleaving apparatus according to the present invention is a deinterleaving apparatus that returns digital data rearranged according to a predetermined rule to an original arrangement, and is at least n × n (where n is 3 or more) ) Storage area, the sum of the data numbers of the data divided by n in the rearranged order, i-th (i is 1 to n) data, i + n-th data, i + 2n-th data ,... And n ² pieces of digital data rearranged so that the sum of the data numbers of every n pieces of data are all equal to each other in the storage area in the order based on the predetermined rule Thus, the original arrangement order is stored in the row direction or the column direction, and then reading is sequentially performed in the row direction or the column direction to return to the original arrangement.

  In order to solve the above problems, a data receiving apparatus according to the present invention includes a digital demodulator that demodulates received data, a deinterleave apparatus that deinterleaves the demodulated digital data, and error correction of the deinterleaved data. A data receiving device including a block code error correction unit, wherein the deinterleaving device described above is used.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, an interleaving method according to the present invention is an interleaving method for rearranging an array of continuous digital data, wherein n pieces of digital data ordered from No. 1 to n ² are arranged in the rearranged order. The sum of the data numbers of the data divided one by one and the sum of the data numbers of the i-th (i is 1 to n) data, i + n-th data, i + 2n-th data,. Are rearranged so that they are all equal.

  With the interleaving of the present invention, when information such as digital data is stored in a memory or the like, a wide range of distribution (random form) is possible with respect to an arbitrary continuous part of the information.

  With the interleaving according to the present invention, even when an error exceeding a certain threshold value occurs, it is possible to avoid a rapid deterioration of a pattern in which all blocks can be received without error.

  By using this, it is possible to create transmission data highly resistant to burst errors and transmit / receive data with high accuracy.

3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an interleaving method according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a data transmission system according to Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a verification result of the error correction effect by interleaving. It is a figure which shows the conventional interleaving processing system.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an interleaving processing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 1 (a) shows an example of distribution by interleaving in which data allocation to each block in the vertical and horizontal directions is made uniform. In this example, 64 pieces of data of 8 vertical and 8 horizontal are assumed, but the number of data is not limited to this. Here, each data as a signal source is represented by a number (number). The original data as a signal source is continuous data arranged in ascending order of numbers.

  FIG. 1A shows a state in which the signal source data is stored in order in the row direction (horizontal direction) in the 8 vertical and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, a memory device). Is the same as FIG. 4A used in the description of the prior art. The interleave according to the present invention performs processing for rearranging the data as shown in FIG.

  A feature of the arrangement of FIG. 1B is that the sum of the numerical values assigned to each block in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction (a group of data for each column or row) is made the same, so that the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are the same. The data allocation to each block in the direction is equalized. In FIG. 1B, the sum of the eight numerical values is 260 in both vertical and horizontal directions, and it can be seen that the data is uniformly allocated to all the blocks. Note that the numerical array evenly allocated in the vertical and horizontal directions as shown in FIG. 1 (b) is the same numerical array as the so-called “magic square”. It can be easily calculated with calculation software such as a trademark. The arrangement in which the sum of the vertical and horizontal numbers is 260 is not limited to FIG. 1B, and other arrangements can be used.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 1B, the data stored in the accumulation area is read out in the row direction, for example. That is, the first row of data is read sequentially from left to right, then the second row of data is read sequentially from left to right, and the data stored in each row is similarly read from left to right. Read 64 data. In addition, regarding reading, you may read sequentially from the 1st column in a column direction. By such processing, 64 pieces of data can be interleaved.

  In the interleaving process, it is not essential to store data as shown in FIG. 1B, and the data may be read directly from the accumulation state shown in FIG. That is, the arrangement order of the result of performing the interleaving of the present invention is created in advance (for example, in the row direction of FIG. 1 (b)), and according to this, first, from the accumulation area of FIG. Read the bottom data (64) in the column, then read the top data (2) in the second left row, then read the top data (3) in the third left row Next, interleaving may be performed by reading out the lowermost data (61) in the left fifth row and reading out the data discretely, such as.

The sequence of FIG. 1 (b), n vertical pieces, horizontal n pieces (where, n is an integer of 3 or more) is generalized to the storage region, the n ² pieces of data ordered from 1st to n ² th The numbers in the rows and columns are stored in the accumulation area so that the sum of the numbers is n (n ² +1) / 2. For example, the stored data is read in the row direction. That is, the data accumulated in each row is read sequentially from the left row to the right from the first row data to read all (n ² pieces) data. In addition, regarding reading, you may read sequentially from the 1st column in a column direction. By such processing, n ² data can be interleaved. The interleave apparatus has n × n storage areas in the apparatus and performs the above processing.

As the process of interleaving, n vertical pieces, horizontal n number (where, n is an integer of 3 or more) in the storage region, the n ² pieces of data ordered from 1st to n ² number, in the row direction There is also a method in which data is stored sequentially (stored as shown in FIG. 1A), and data is read discretely when data is read. That is, an array in which the sum of the numbers of each row block and each column block is equal to n (n ² +1) / 2 is created in advance, and the data stored in the accumulation area is in the order of this array. Can also be read.

The interleaving method of the present invention is a sum of data numbers of data obtained by dividing digital data ordered from No. 1 to No. ² by n pieces in the rearranged order (this is the number of each row block in FIG. 1B). ), I-th data (i is 1 to n), i + n-th data, i + 2n-th data,... Is equivalent to the sum of the numbers of the respective column blocks in FIG. 1B).

  Deinterleaving according to the present invention will be described. On the receiving side of the interleaved data, the data is stored in the order of transmission in the vertical and horizontal 8 storage areas (for example, memory device) in the row direction (left to right) from the first row. Then, the data array as shown in FIG. 1B is restored. At the time of deinterleaving, as a result of the interleaving process, it is possible to predict what number of data of the signal source is stored in which storage location, and therefore data is sequentially read from the storage location in the order corresponding to deinterleaving. In the example of FIG. 1B, the first (first) data of the signal source is stored at the bottom of the right end column of the accumulation region, and the second of the signal source is stored at the top of the second column from the left side. The third data of the signal source is stored at the top of the third column from the left side, and each data is similarly stored at a predetermined location in the accumulation area. Then, by sequentially reading the data stored in the accumulation area in the order of the signal source data, the signal source data order is restored, and the deinterleaving process is completed.

  This deinterleaving process can also be performed as follows. On the side where the transmitted data is received, the original signal sources are arranged in the order of 8 vertical and 8 horizontal storage areas (for example, a memory device) (that is, the arrangement shown in FIG. 1A). In addition, the individual data are sequentially stored based on the order of the interleaving process. That is, since the data sent first is the 64th data of the original signal source, it is stored at the bottom of the first column on the right side of the accumulation area, and the data sent next is the original signal source. Since the second data is stored in the first column in the second column on the left side of the accumulation region, and the next transmitted data is the third data of the original signal source, the three columns on the left side of the accumulation region The storage state in FIG. 1A can be restored by storing the first data in the eye and storing the transmitted data discretely in the storage area. By reading this data in the row direction (from left to right) sequentially from the first row, the deinterleaving process is completed.

  Note that the deinterleaving process can be generalized to an accumulation region of n arrays vertically and n horizontally (where n is an integer of 3 or more). The deinterleave device has n × n storage areas in the device and performs the above processing.

(Embodiment 2)
The second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a data transmission system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The overall configuration is the same as that of a general digital data transmission system, and includes a data transmission device 10, a transmission path 30, and a data reception device 20. The data transmitting device 10 and the data receiving device 20 incorporate the interleave device and the deinterleave device of the first embodiment as an interleaver and a deinterleaver, respectively.

  The data transmission device 10 includes a block encoding unit 11, an interleaving device 12 as an interleaver, and a digital modulation unit 13. The data receiving device 20 includes a digital demodulating unit 21, a deinterleaver 22 as a deinterleaver, and a block code error correcting unit 23.

  The digital data is input to the block encoder 11. The block encoding unit 11 encodes data in units of blocks. For example, after data is stored in the storage area as shown in FIG. 1A, encoding is performed using a concatenated code with each row and each column as one block.

  The block-coded data is interleaved by the interleaver 12. This interleaving device 12 is a device that performs interleaving according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1B, the interleave device 12 calculates the sum of numbers (numbers) assigned to the vertical and horizontal blocks. Rearrange the data so that they are identical.

  The interleaved data is input to the digital modulation unit 13 and is transmitted to the transmission line 30 after performing predetermined modulation.

  Data received via the transmission path 30 is input to the digital demodulator 21 and demodulated by a predetermined method. The received data has an error due to the transmission line 30 and noise.

  The demodulated digital data is input to the deinterleave device 22. The deinterleaving device 22 is a device that performs deinterleaving according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The deinterleaving device 22 arranges the data in the arrangement as shown in FIG. 1B in the order of the original data shown in FIG. The data is rearranged and then read out in the order of the original data numbers.

  The deinterleaved data is input to the block code error correction unit 23, and error correction processing using, for example, a concatenated code is performed. By this correction processing, the data error caused by the transmission path and noise is recovered and output as correctly decoded digital data.

(Verification of interleaving effect)
The interleaving effect of the present invention was verified. As a technique, a concatenated code encoded in vertical and horizontal blocks was used, and the signal after error correction when a burst error occurred was evaluated.

The parameters used for the evaluation are shown below.
・ Interleave block: 10 × 10 (100 data)
-Possible number of error corrections by concatenated codes: Up to 2 per block, determined by hard decision.
-Error correction repetition number by articulated code: vertical processing and horizontal processing are alternately performed 100 times.
Initial initial number of errors: 26, 28, 30.
Evaluation pattern: All patterns of consecutive errors (100 patterns) [100 patterns after interleaving (for example, 26 patterns) in which consecutive errors occur from the first data (pattern 1), second pattern 100 patterns are created like the pattern (pattern 2), etc. in which the continuous error occurred from the data of. ]

  FIG. 3 shows the evaluation result of the received signal after error correction by the dispersion by the conventional uniform and non-uniform interleaving and the dispersion by the interleaving of the present invention. 3A shows a case where the number of initial continuous errors is 26, FIG. 3B shows a case where the number of initial continuous errors is 28, and FIG. 3C shows a case where the number of initial continuous errors is 30. It is a graph which shows each result at the time of.

  In each graph, the vertical axis represents the number of patterns, and when all the results are combined in each interleave method, 100 patterns are obtained. The horizontal axis is the number of unreceivable data, and error correction processing using the articulated code is repeated 100 times alternately in the vertical and horizontal directions. Is a number. This is the number of received data that could not be correctly recognized. Therefore, a graph with 0 unreceivable data means a pattern in which all data can be received normally (with no errors).

  In the conventional uniform interleaving, there is no pattern in which all data having an initial continuous error of 26 or more can be received without error.

  In the conventional non-uniform interleaving, as the initial continuous error increases to 26, 28, and 30, the patterns in which all the blocks (all 100 data) can be received without error are 21 and 3 among the evaluation patterns. , 0 rapidly decreases.

  In the interleaving according to the present invention, when initial continuous errors increase to 26, 28, and 30, the number of evaluation patterns that can be received without error in all blocks gradually decreases to 30, 22, and 15. I understand. The results are summarized in Table 1.

  From this, it can be seen that the interleaving according to the present invention can recover all data in 15% of cases even if 30 consecutive data out of 100 data cause a burst error.

  With the interleaving according to the present invention, even when an error exceeding a certain threshold value occurs, it is possible to avoid a rapid deterioration of a pattern that allows all blocks to be normally received (without error).

  Although the present invention has been described based on the drawings and examples, it should be noted that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications and corrections based on the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be noted that these variations and modifications are included in the scope of the present invention. For example, the functions included in each means, each step, etc. can be rearranged so that there is no logical contradiction, and a plurality of means, steps, etc. can be combined or divided into one. .

  The apparatus and method of the present invention are used for recording / reproducing and transmitting digital data. In particular, it is useful for data transmission in which burst noise occurs.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Data transmitter 11 Block encoding part 12 Interleaving apparatus 13 Digital modulation part 20 Data receiving apparatus 21 Digital demodulation part 22 Deinterleaving apparatus 23 Block code error correction part 30 Transmission path

Claims (7)

An interleaving device for rearranging an array of continuous digital data,
At least n × n (where n is an integer greater than or equal to 3),
The digital data ordered from No. 1 to No. ^{2 is} stored in the storage area so that the sum of the numbers of numbers arranged in each row and each column is n (n ² +1) / 2. An interleaving device that rearranges data by sequentially reading stored data in a row direction or a column direction. An interleaving device for rearranging an array of continuous digital data,
At least n × n (where n is an integer greater than or equal to 3),
The digital data ordered from No. 1 to No. ² is stored in the storage area, and then read out in a predetermined order different from the storage order and rearranged. As a result, the data is divided into n pieces in the rearranged order. And the sum of data numbers of i-th (i is 1 to n) data, i + n-th data, i + 2n-th data,. Interleaving device characterized in that they are equal. A block encoder for encoding digital data in units of blocks;
An interleaving device for interleaving the encoded data;
A digital modulator that modulates the interleaved data;
A data transmission device comprising:
The data transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the interleave apparatus is the interleave apparatus according to claim 1. A deinterleaving device for returning digital data rearranged according to a predetermined rule to an original arrangement,
At least n × n (where n is an integer greater than or equal to 3),
The rearranged n ² pieces of digital data are sequentially stored in the storage area in the row direction or the column direction in the storage area, and as a result, numbers indicating the original arrangement order arranged in each row and each column. Is a deinterleaving device that returns to the original array by sequentially reading from No. 1 to No. ^{2 in} accordance with the order based on the predetermined rule after that becomes the sum of n (n ² +1) / 2. A deinterleaving device for returning digital data rearranged according to a predetermined rule to an original arrangement,
At least n × n (where n is an integer greater than or equal to 3),
The sum of the data numbers of the data divided by n in the rearranged order, i-th (i is 1 to n) data, i + n-th data, i + 2n-th data,... N ² pieces of digital data rearranged so that the sum of the data numbers of all the data is all equal to the original array in the row direction or the column direction in the storage area according to the order based on the predetermined rule. A deinterleaving device that stores data in order, and then sequentially reads the data in the row direction or the column direction to restore the original arrangement. A digital demodulator that demodulates the received data;
A deinterleaving device for deinterleaving the demodulated digital data;
A block code error correction unit for error correction of the deinterleaved data;
A data receiving device comprising:
6. The data receiving apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the deinterleaving apparatus is the deinterleaving apparatus according to claim 4 or 5. An interleaving method for rearranging an array of continuous digital data,
The sum of data numbers obtained by dividing the digital data ordered from No. 1 to No. ² by n pieces in the rearranged order, i-th (i is 1 to n) data, i + n-th data, i + 2n-th , And the sum of the data numbers of the data arranged every n data are rearranged so that they are all equal.

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