JP6235441B2 - Non-instantaneous system switching device and storage battery deterioration diagnosis method - Google Patents

Description

  The present embodiment relates to an uninterruptible system switching device including a mechanical switch and a semiconductor switch for switching at least two AC power supply systems that supply power to a load without instantaneous disconnection.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an uninterruptible system switching device, there is a hybrid type that includes a mechanical switch and a semiconductor switch in order to switch between two AC power supply systems that supply power to a load.

JP 2009-278755 A

  In the above-mentioned uninterruptible system switching device, when the mechanical switch deteriorates over time, the machine switch is out of grease, the main contact is deteriorated, etc. It can be considered to develop into a failure.

  An object of the present embodiment is to provide an uninterruptible system switching device that can reduce problems caused by aged deterioration of a mechanical switch, thereby improving the reliability of the uninterruptible power supply.

A representative example of the system switching device of this embodiment is capable of supplying either a power from a first AC power system or a power from a second AC power system to a load, and the first AC power A semiconductor switch provided in the electric circuit between the system and the load and the electric circuit between the second AC power system and the load, and connected in parallel with each semiconductor switch, the contact point can be switched by a mechanical switching mechanism. A switching circuit including a mechanical switch, an operation command to each of the semiconductor switches, a switching operation command to the mechanical switching mechanism, an operation period in which a contact of the mechanical switch is conducted, and the semiconductor switch In an uninterruptible system switching device having a control circuit for giving a command so that operating periods of conduction overlap, switching from the control circuit to a mechanical switching mechanism of the mechanical switch And switching operation detection means for detecting the time from decree is given until the switching operation of the contact is completed,
Storage means for storing the detection result of the switching operation detection means;
Is an uninterruptible system switching device.

  According to this embodiment, since it becomes possible to confirm the aged deterioration of the storage battery in a mechanical switch and an uninterruptible power supply device in a state change and a periodic check, a highly reliable system switching device can be provided.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an uninterruptible system switching device according to a first embodiment. The figure which shows the example 2 different from the control circuit of FIG. The figure which shows the example 3 different from the control circuit of FIG. The figure which shows the example 4 different from the control circuit of FIG. The schematic block diagram of the uninterruptible system switching apparatus of Embodiment 2. FIG. The schematic block diagram of the uninterruptible system switching apparatus of Embodiment 3. The time chart for demonstrating operation | movement of Embodiment 1 of FIG. The figure for demonstrating the storage battery deterioration pattern of embodiment of FIG.

Each embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 7. In FIG. 1, AC power is supplied from the service system 1a, and power can be supplied to a load 4 through a mechanical switch (mechanical contactor) 3c having a mechanical switching mechanism. Also, AC power is supplied from the standby system 1b and has a machine switching mechanism.
Electric power can be supplied to the load 4 through a mechanical switch 3c constituting a so-called changeover switch. The common system side semiconductor switch 2a is connected in parallel to the mechanical switch 3c, which is a connection point between the regular system 1a and the load 4. A standby system side semiconductor switch 2b is connected to the standby system 1b and the load 4 in parallel with the mechanical switch 3c.

  The control circuit 20 can supply power from the standby system 1b to the load 4 by giving a system switching operation command to the mechanical switch 3c at the time of inspection and when an abnormality is detected.

In this case, when performing the above-described system switching operation, system switching using a hybrid system switching control circuit using the mechanical switch 3c and the semiconductor switches 2a and 2b is performed in order to avoid instantaneous interruption. For example, when system switching from the normal system 1a to the standby system 1b is performed, the semiconductor switch 2b is operated while the normal system 1a is connected, and power is supplied from both the normal system 1a and the standby system 1b. That is, a lap time is created, and the mechanical switch 3c is operated during the lap period to switch to the standby system 1b. When switching from the standby system 1b, the semiconductor switch 2a is operated to switch to the regular system 1a after the lap period. As a result, a non-instantaneous switching operation without instantaneous interruption is realized.

  The output voltage of the regular system 1a is detected by the voltage detector 16a, the output current of the regular system 1a is detected by the current detector 17a, and these detected values are input to the control circuit 20. Similarly, the output voltage of the standby system 1b is detected by the voltage detector 16b, and the output current of the standby system 1b is detected by the current detector 17b and input to the control circuit 20. Similarly, the voltage supplied to the load 4 is detected by the voltage detector 16 c, and the current supplied to the load 4 is detected by the current detector 17 c, and these detected values are also input to the control circuit 20. Is done.

  In the control circuit 20, data detected by the voltage detectors 16a, 16b, 16c and the current detectors 17a, 17b, 17c are input, and a trigger is performed when the input voltage of the commercial power supply is reduced or the bypass switching means is switched. This enables the waveform storage circuit 21 to store trace data from a predetermined time before and after a predetermined time.

  Furthermore, for example, switching state detectors 18a and 18b constituting switching state detecting means for detecting the switching state of the mechanical switch 3c, detecting means for detecting the switching state of the mechanical switch 3c, and when a state change of the device occurs For example, a waveform storage circuit 21.

  As the switching state detectors 18a and 18b, in the case of current detection, for example, a Hall CT is used, and in the case of voltage detection, for example, a combination of a voltage divider and an A / D converter is used.

  According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, since the waveform of the state change of the mechanical switch 3c is stored in the waveform storage circuit 21, it is possible to determine the tendency of the mechanical switch 3c to deteriorate over time.

  This will be described with reference to FIG. FIGS. 7 (a1), (b1), (c1), and (d1) are for explaining the initial state of use, and (a1) is applied from the control circuit 20 to the mechanical switch 3c and the semiconductor switches 2a and 2b. (B1) is a switching command (preliminary) given to the mechanical switch 3c, and (c1) is controlled when the switching command is given to the mechanical switch 3c and the mechanical switch 3c is switched. It is a feedback signal given to the circuit 20, and (d1) is a waveform diagram showing the open / close state of the semiconductor switch 2a.

  FIGS. 7 (a2), (b2), (c2), and (d2) are for explaining the state after aged deterioration, and (a2) is applied from the control circuit 20 to the mechanical switch 3c and the semiconductor switches 2a and 2b. (B2) is a switching command (preliminary) given to the mechanical switch 3c, and (c2) is a control when the switching command is given to the mechanical switch 3c and the mechanical switch 3c is switched. It is a feedback signal given to the circuit 20, and (d2) is a waveform diagram showing the open / close state of the semiconductor switch 2a.

  The waveform storage circuit 21 in FIG. 1 stores trace data using the system switching commands (a1) and (a2) from the control circuit 20 as triggers. System switching commands (b1) and (b2) to the mechanical switch 3c and feedback signals (c1) and (c2) indicating completion of the switching state of the mechanical switch 3c are stored as trace data in the waveform storage circuit 21 of FIG. Yes. FIG. 7 shows an example of switching from the normal system 1a to the standby system 1b. After switching the mechanical switch 3c and the normal-side semiconductor switch 2a to the standby system by the system switching command, and providing a lap period, In response to the switching feedback signals (c1) and (c2) of the mechanical switch 3c, the semiconductor switches 2a and 2b are switched again.

  In FIG. 7, in the example after aging, the switching time of the mechanical switch 3c is extended as compared with the example at the beginning of use, and it seems that a malfunction occurs due to the aging of the mechanical switch 3c or another cause. From this, it becomes a chance to examine the necessity of diagnosis or replacement of the mechanical switch 3c.

  As described above, it is possible to determine the tendency of aging degradation by accumulating the comparison data of the state when the mechanical switch 3c is opened and closed and the state change signal with the initial use of the apparatus.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the second embodiment, and is a block showing only portions corresponding to the control circuit 20 and the waveform storage circuit 21 of FIG. The state / control signal 8 input from the switching state detectors 18a and 18b, the mechanical switch 3c, and the semiconductor switches 2a and 2b is input to the control arithmetic circuit 22, and further converted into a prescribed format through the measurement arithmetic circuit 23 to be internally generated. Stored in the storage circuit 24. In this case, the waveform is stored based on the state signal input to the control arithmetic circuit 22 and the change of the state signal of the control signal 8.

  According to the second embodiment, since the waveform is stored in the internal storage circuit 24 based on the change in the state signal of the state / control signal 8, the deterioration state of the mechanical switch 3c can be diagnosed, and the power system is switched. In some cases, stable switching operation is possible, and power supply reliability can be improved.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the third embodiment, and is a block showing only portions corresponding to the control circuit 20 and the waveform storage circuit 21 of FIG. An external storage circuit 25 is newly added to the configuration of FIG. Here, the external storage circuit 25 is configured using a removable external storage medium that can be taken out through an external memory such as an SD (Smart Media) (registered trademark), a CF (Compact Flash) card, or a USB memory. Yes.

  By storing the waveform when the state of the system switch is changed in the external storage circuit 25 of FIG. 3, the waveform data can be moved and taken out. Further, it becomes possible to store a quantity of waveform data depending on the capacity of the storage medium.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram for explaining the fourth embodiment, and is a block showing only portions corresponding to the control circuit 20 and the waveform storage circuit 21 of FIG. The external storage circuit 25 of FIG. 3 is not provided, but a communication circuit 26 such as a network is provided instead.

  According to the fourth embodiment, waveform data can be observed even at a location away from the present apparatus by storing the waveform data via a network. Further, it becomes possible to store a quantity of waveform data depending on the capacity of the storage medium.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the fifth embodiment. The AC power supplied from the regular system 1a in FIG. 1 is converted into DC power by the converter 7, and is converted into AC power by the inverter 6 connected to the output. 1 is different from FIG. 1 in that it is configured to supply this to the load 4. Further, a mechanical switch 3a having a mechanical switching mechanism is provided at a connection point between the standby system 1c and the load 4, and a mechanical switch 3b having a mechanical switching mechanism is provided at a connection point between the inverter 6 and the load 4 of the regular system 1a. The semiconductor switch 2c is connected in parallel to the mechanical switches 3a and 3b. Open / close state detectors 18c and 18d for detecting the open / close state of each of the mechanical switches 3a and 3b are provided, and these detection signals are input to the control circuit 20.

  In FIG. 5, at the time of switching from the regular system 1a to the standby system 1c and from the standby system 1c to the regular system 1a, hybrid switching using the semiconductor switch 2c and the mechanical switches 3a and 3b is performed. In the system switching operation, the semiconductor switch 2c is operated, and then the switching operation of the mechanical switches 3a and 3b is performed.

  By using the inverter 6 connected to the converter 7 as shown in FIG. 5, high-quality AC power can be supplied to the load 4 even when the voltage input from the AC power supply system is distorted.

  FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the sixth embodiment. A DC power source 5 is connected to the DC system of the converter 7 and the inverter 6, and a DC voltage detection circuit 19 for detecting the voltage of the DC power source 5 is provided. A current detector 17 c for detecting a current input to the control circuit 20 and output from the DC power supply 5 is provided, and this detection signal is input to the control circuit 20.

  Here, the storage battery deterioration diagnosis method will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8A shows a storage battery operation command, and FIG. 8B shows a storage battery voltage. When the storage battery deterioration diagnosis is performed, a power failure test is performed after the storage battery is charged. If the battery cell voltage is lower than the specified value, it is determined that the storage battery is deteriorated. For example, if the lead-acid battery has a floating charging voltage of 2.23 [V] and the battery voltage at the time of determining the deterioration of the storage battery is -0.05 [V] of the nominal battery cell voltage, the cell voltage is lower than 2.17 [V]. Sometimes it is judged that the storage battery has deteriorated. Since the storage battery voltage is the product of this and the number of cells, the storage battery voltage is 436 [V] when the number of cells is 200.

  In addition, during normal operation, power is supplied from the utility system 1a through the converter 7, so that the storage battery voltage detected by the DC voltage detection circuit 19 is maintained at the float charge voltage. If the storage battery voltage is lower than the specified value at the timing when the input is cut off and the power supply from the storage battery is switched, it is determined that the storage battery is deteriorated.

  According to the sixth embodiment described above, deterioration of the storage battery can be diagnosed, and power supply reliability can be improved by recommending replacement of the storage battery.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a ... Regular system, 1b ... Reserve system, 1c ... Power supply for bypass, 2a ... Semiconductor switch, 2b ... Semiconductor switch, 2c ... Semiconductor switch, 3a ... Switch, 3b ... Switch, 3c ... Mechanical switch, 4 ... Load, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 ... DC power supply, 6 ... Inverter, 7 ... Converter, 8 ... Status / control signal, 9 ... System switch, 16a ... Voltage detector, 16b ... Voltage detector, 17a ... Current detector, 17b ... Current detector, 17c ... current detector, 18 ... switching state detector, 19 ... DC voltage detection circuit, 20 ... control circuit, 21 ... waveform storage circuit, 22 ... control operation circuit, 23 ... measurement operation circuit, 24 ... internal storage circuit, 25 ... External memory circuit, 26 ... communication circuit, 30 ... use initial storage battery voltage, 31 ... use end-stage storage battery voltage

Claims (9)

Either the power from the first AC power system or the power from the second AC power system can be supplied to the load, and the electric circuit between the first AC power system and the load and the second A switching circuit having a mechanical switch connected in parallel to each of the semiconductor switches and having a contact that can be switched by a mechanical switching mechanism; Control that gives an operation command to the semiconductor switch and a switching operation command to the machine switching mechanism, and gives a command so that an operation period in which the contact point of the mechanical switch conducts and an operation period in which the semiconductor switch conducts overlap. In an uninterruptible system switching device equipped with a circuit,
A switching operation detecting means for detecting a time from when a switching command is given from the control circuit to the mechanical switching mechanism of the mechanical switch until the switching operation of the contact is completed;
Portable storage means for storing the detection result of the switching operation detection means;
A non-instantaneous system switching device characterized by comprising: The power from the first AC power system can be supplied to the load, the power from the second AC power system is converted to DC by a converter, and the converted DC is converted to AC by an inverter to the load. The first AC power system and the load can be supplied, and the second AC power system is provided in the electric circuit between the inverter and the load. A mechanical switch that can be opened and closed by an opening and closing mechanism, a switching circuit including a semiconductor switch connected in parallel to the mechanical switch connected to the first AC power system, an operation command for the semiconductor switch, An opening / closing operation command is given to the opening / closing mechanism of each mechanical switch, and an operation time during which the contact of each mechanical switch is conducted and an operation in which the semiconductor switch is conducted In uninterruptible line switching apparatus including a control circuit for giving an instruction so that during overlap,
An opening / closing operation detecting means for detecting a time from when an opening / closing command is given from the control circuit to the mechanical opening / closing mechanism of each mechanical switch until the opening / closing operation of each contact is completed;
Storage means for storing the detection result of the opening / closing operation detection means;
A non-instantaneous system switching device characterized by comprising: The power from the first AC power system can be supplied to the load, the power from the second AC power system can be converted to DC by a converter, and converted to AC by an inverter and supplied to the load. A storage battery is connected to the connection point of the converter and the inverter, and the electric circuit between the first AC power system and the load and the second AC power system are respectively connected to the electric circuit between the inverter and the load. A switching circuit provided with a semiconductor switch connected in parallel with the mechanical switch connected to the first AC power system; An operation command is given to the semiconductor switch and an opening / closing operation command is given to the mechanical opening / closing mechanism of each mechanical switch, and the contact of each mechanical switch is guided. In uninterruptible system switching device operating time and the semiconductor switch comprises a control circuit for giving an instruction to the operation period to conduct overlap to,
An opening / closing operation detecting means for detecting a time from when an opening / closing command is given from the control circuit to each mechanical opening / closing mechanism until the opening / closing operation of each contact is completed;
Storage means for storing the detection result of the opening / closing operation detection means;
A non-instantaneous system switching device characterized by comprising:   4. The storage unit according to claim 1, wherein the storage unit stores a detection result of either the switching operation detection unit or the opening / closing operation detection unit via a communication circuit or without a communication circuit. The uninterruptible system switching device according to any one of the above. The control circuit, after charging the storage battery, performs a power failure test of the power system to which the storage battery is connected, detects the charging voltage of the storage battery by voltage detection means, and the detected voltage value is a specified value at the time of floating charging The uninterruptible power system switching device according to claim 3 , configured so as to determine that the storage battery has deteriorated when the battery power is lower. The storage battery is composed of a plurality of storage battery cells,
The control circuit, after charging the storage battery, performs a power failure test of the power system to which the storage battery is connected, detects the charging voltage of each storage battery cell by voltage detection means, and this detected voltage value is the value at the time of floating charging The uninterruptible system switching device according to claim 3 , configured to determine that the storage battery cell has deteriorated when the value falls below a specified value. The switching operation detecting means, and the switching operation detecting hand stage, the current detection means or voltage uninterrupted line switching according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized by being configured by any of the detection means apparatus. A storage battery deterioration diagnosis method performed in the uninterruptible system switching device according to claim 3,
After charging the storage battery, performing a power failure test of the power system to which the storage battery is connected;
Detecting a charging voltage of the storage battery;
A storage battery deterioration diagnosis method, comprising: determining that the storage battery has deteriorated when a voltage value detected in the step of detecting the charging voltage falls below a specified value during floating charging. A storage battery deterioration diagnosis method performed in the uninterruptible system switching device according to claim 3,
The storage battery is composed of a plurality of storage battery cells,
After charging the storage battery, performing a power failure test of the power system to which the storage battery is connected;
Detecting the charging voltage of each storage battery cell;
A storage battery deterioration diagnosis method, comprising: determining that the storage battery cell has deteriorated when a voltage value detected in the step of detecting the charging voltage falls below a specified value during floating charge.

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