JP6224869B2 - 航空機のフリータービンエンジンのための迅速な支援装置 - Google Patents
航空機のフリータービンエンジンのための迅速な支援装置 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/10—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants of gas-turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
- F02C7/268—Starting drives for the rotor, acting directly on the rotor of the gas turbine to be started
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
- F02C3/10—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor with another turbine driving an output shaft but not driving the compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/14—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/32—Arrangement, mounting, or driving, of auxiliaries
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02K9/08—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using solid propellants
- F02K9/32—Constructional parts; Details not otherwise provided for
- F02K9/38—Safety devices, e.g. to prevent accidental ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/95—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof characterised by starting or ignition means or arrangements
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- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
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- H01G11/08—Structural combinations, e.g. assembly or connection, of hybrid or EDL capacitors with other electric components, at least one hybrid or EDL capacitor being the main component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/09—Purpose of the control system to cope with emergencies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Description
・地上でガスタービンを始動することと、
・経済的モードと、
・以前に経済的モードにあった、タービンを飛行中に再起動(又は活性化)することと、
・以前に経済的モードにあった、タービンを飛行中に迅速に再起動することと、である。
1/ 二次貯蔵技術(Liイオン電池、NiMH、超コンデンサ、ハイブリッドコンデンサ等)とは無関係に、BMSは、「複雑」であるといわれる、装置を具備しており、その理由は、装置が、電力スイッチ切替装置を具備しており、更に充電の状態と運転パラメータと貯蔵部材の健全性の状態とを監視するために電子機器を使用しており、更に従って航空用無線技術委員会(RTCA)のDO178及びD0254規格等の航空電子機器認証規格により管理されるからである。
この状況において、電解質は、アノード及びカソードを濡らす。
それらの電解質は、アノード及びカソードを濡らさない。このファミリは、2つのサブ(副)ファミリを具備する。
2.1/ 別個の電解質を有する電池:
電解質は、補助タンクから取り入れられ、活性化すると放出される。例として、銀−亜鉛(Zn−Ag2O)組み合わせが挙げられてもよく、このリストは網羅的ではない。
2.2/ 熱電対列:
電解質は、環境温度において固体であり、加熱されるので、従って活性化において非常に迅速に液化する。
a / 組み合わせは、BMSを必要としない。
b / 自己放電は、発生しない。組み合わせを充電する必要はない。
c / 劣化は経時的に発生せず、更に例えば、組み合わせは、15又は20年の期間において保証可能である。
d / エネルギ貯蔵部材14、114、24、124は電気的に不活性であるので、電気的危険性も望ましくない放電の任意の危険も存在しない。
e / エネルギ貯蔵部材14、114、24、124は、化学的に不活性であるので、エネルギ貯蔵部材は、厳しい環境条件に非常に良好に耐える。
f/ 不活性状態において、熱暴走の危険性は、存在しない。
g/ エネルギ貯蔵部材14、114、24、124が、非活性状態にある場合に、エネルギ貯蔵部材は、貯蔵部材の+極と−極との間の絶縁抵抗が非常に高い特性を有しており、従って、その様な部材が、従来の予防措置を講じることなしで、電気的な構築物において設置されることを可能にしており、電気的に不活性な電池は従って、並列接続(貯蔵ユニット14は、絶縁状態にある)又は直列接続((貯蔵ユニットは、ゼロ電圧状態に適応する)により非常に簡単に機上ネットワーク17に結合可能である。
Claims (15)
- 始動機及び発電機の両方として動作可能である、電気機械(12)に関連していて且つガス発生器を有する、少なくとも1つの第1のフリータービンエンジン(11)を具備する、航空機であって、
前記第1のフリータービンエンジン(11)は、待機モード又は望まれない停止モードに設定可能であり、
前記電気機械は、機上ネットワーク等の特定の電気エネルギ動力供給ネットワーク(17)に接続されており、
前記航空機が、前記第1のフリータービンエンジン(11)の前記ガス発生器に爆発的な支援を提供するために、該第1のフリータービンエンジン(11)に関連する該電気機械(12)に電気的に接続されるように適合された、少なくとも1つの電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)を有する、迅速な支援装置を更に具備する、航空機において、
該電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)は、再充電可能で且つ永久的に活性化されるように構成された、ハイブリッドコンデンサ、超コンデンサ又は蓄電池を具備する、任意の二次エネルギ貯蔵部材を除外して、活性化後に一度だけ使用するのに適した非再充電式の一次エネルギ貯蔵部材を構成しており、更に、
前記迅速な支援装置は、前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)を活性化させるための手段と、前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材を該電気機械(12)の電力供給システム(13;16)に結合するための結合手段(15;115)と、を具備することを特徴とする航空機。 - 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)は、電解質と接触するアノード及びカソードを組み込んだ、低自己放電の直ぐに使用可能である装置を具備する、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)は、活性化前に不活性であって且つアノードとカソードと前記アノード及び前記カソードを濡らさない、電解質と、を組み込んだ、装置を具備することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)は、前記電解質を貯蔵するための別個のタンクと、前記電解質を前記別個のタンクから放出して、前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)を活性化させる際に電解質が前記アノード及び前記カソードと接触することを可能にするための手段と、を有していて且つ分離された電解質を有する、電池を具備することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)は、貯蔵中に前記電解質を固体の状態で周囲温度で保持し且つ前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)の活性化時に加熱することにより前記電解質を液化するように適合された、熱電対列を具備することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)を活性化させるための該手段は、火工活性化手段を具備する、ことを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)を活性化させるための該手段は、電気的な活性化手段を具備することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14)は、該特定の電気エネルギ動力供給ネットワーク(17)と並列に接続される、ことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の航空機。
- ダイオード(15)が、該特定の電気エネルギ動力供給ネットワーク(17)により給電される、整流器部材又はAC/DCコンバータ(16)と前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14)との間に挿入されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(114)は、該特定の電気エネルギ動力供給ネットワーク(17)により給電される、AC/DCコンバータ(16)又は整流器部材と直列に接続されており、更にダイオード(115)と並列に接続される、ことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の航空機。
- 該ダイオード(115)は、電気機械式又は静止型の制御されたスイッチにより構成される、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の航空機。
- 該ダイオード(115)は、半導体素子により構成される、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の航空機。
- 前記電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)は、直列、並列又は直並列に接続された、1つ以上の要素又は複数式の要素を具備する、ことを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の航空機。
- 複数のフリータービンエンジン(11、21)を具備しており、各々が、ガス発生器を有し、各々が、始動機及び発電機の両方として動作可能な電気機械(12、22)に関連しており、
前記複数のエンジン(11、21)の少なくとも1つが、待機モードに入ることが可能である一方で、前記複数のエンジンの内の少なくとも別の1つが、通常動作モードにある、ことを特徴とする請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の航空機。 - 前記迅速な支援装置は、スイッチ装置(38、48;39)を介して該電気機械(12又は22)に電気的に接続するように適合された、単一の電気エネルギ貯蔵部材(14;114)を有しており、該電気機械(12又は22)は、以前に待機状態に置かれた、前記複数のエンジン(11又は21)の内の1つの前記ガス発生器への爆発的な支援を必要とする、前記複数のエンジン(11、21)の内の1つに関連する、ことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の航空機。
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FR3086926B1 (fr) * | 2018-10-09 | 2022-04-01 | Safran | Reseau d'alimentation electrique embarque d'un aeronef a propulsion electrique |
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