JP6220034B2 - Floating mooring device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mooring device that stops a floating body such as a floating pier at a fixed position with respect to a quay, and in particular, even if the sea level rises abnormally due to the arrival of a large tsunami, the floating body flows out and is unexpected. The present invention relates to a mooring device for a floating body that prevents drifting.

  If a huge earthquake occurs at the bottom of the sea, a large tsunami may strike the coast. Due to this large tsunami, there is a risk that a ship or the like moored in the harbor will be carried to the land or pulled back to the sea by a pulling wave. In addition, when a large tsunami runs up a river, there is a risk that a floating jetty or the like moored in the river will be washed away. Among floating bodies such as floating piers moored in harbors and rivers, those with a pile mooring system move up and down along the mooring piles according to changes in the tide level and water level. The acting force may exceed the allowable value of the mooring pile, and the mooring pile may be pulled over or pulled out from the bottom of the water. If the mooring pile is damaged and the floating body is detached from the mooring pile, the floating body may flow out and drift, or the floating body may be damaged and sink. Alternatively, the drifting floating body may collide with other floating bodies, ships, etc., and cause great damage.

  In addition, in the chain mooring system in which the floating body is moored by a chain with one end fixed to the bottom of the water, there is a risk that the floating body will move in the event of a major tsunami, but because it is moored by multiple chains The floating body is prevented from flowing out unless all the chains are cut. In the chain mooring method, the swing of the floating body due to the influence of waves during normal times is greater than in the pile mooring method.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a mooring device for a floating structure for preventing vertical shaking that strikes the end of the floating structure. This mooring device is connected to both ends of a floating structure and is a rigid mooring member, and is provided with a mooring member that is pivotally connected around a connecting portion between the floating structure and the mooring foundation. It is what.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, as a moored floating structure that has no protrusion above the floating body and has no obstacles in the water, it moves up and down between the floating body and the seabed with a plurality of bendable legs. Possible floating structures have been proposed.

JP 2001-241024 A JP-A-9-240575

  The mooring device described in Patent Document 1 is for suppressing vertical shaking at the end of the floating structure, and does not counter the case where the sea level rises abnormally due to the arrival of a large tsunami or the like. For this reason, when the sea level rises abnormally, the floating structure is submerged in the sea. In addition, the floating structure described in Patent Document 2 is intended to prevent protrusions above the floating body and obstacles in the water, and the floating structure will be submerged in the sea when the sea level rises abnormally. Become.

  The inventions disclosed in both Patent Documents 1 and 2 are also submerged in the sea when the sea level rises abnormally, and these floating structures do not drift inadvertently, but are placed on these floating structures. Since these facilities will also sink in the sea, damage to these facilities is inevitable.

  Therefore, the present invention can ascend and descend reliably by normal elevation of the water surface, such as sea level, and maintain the height relationship with the quay etc. within a desired range, for example, using a crossover between the floating body To provide a mooring device for floating bodies that can safely get on and off passengers and will not submerge underwater following the rising and falling of the water surface even when the water surface rises abnormally due to the attack of a large tsunami, etc. It is aimed.

  As a technical means for achieving the above object, a floating body mooring apparatus according to the present invention is a floating body mooring apparatus that regulates a floating body floating on a water surface that moves up and down according to a change in water level so as to remain at a desired position. A pedestal column that stands up on the bottom of the water, and a swing column that supports the base end of the base of the bottom of the water so that the base end can swing freely. And a flexible connecting means for connecting the tip of the swing column and the floating body, and when the water level rises to an abnormal height, the swing column is detached from the pedestal column and stands up. It is characterized by swinging.

  The elevation of the water level during normal times allows the floating body to rise and fall due to the bending and tension of the connecting means. When the water level rises abnormally due to a large tsunami, etc., the floating body rises with the water level, and after the connecting means is tensioned, it swings in the direction in which the swinging column is detached from the pedestal column and stands up And allow the floating body to rise. In addition, it sets so that a floating body may raise to a position higher than the highest level of the water level anticipated by the attack of a big tsunami etc. with the connection means in the state which the rocking | strut support | pillar stood up.

  According to the mooring device for a floating body according to the present invention, when the water level rises abnormally due to the attack of a large tsunami or the like, the struts that restrain the floating body swing and follow the water level that has risen to an abnormal height. Then, since the floating body is allowed to rise, the floating body is not submerged in water. In addition, since the floating body is restrained by the swing column, it does not leave the swing column and is prevented from drifting.

  Further, when the water level rises abnormally, the floating body is allowed to rise to a height corresponding to the combined length of the swing column and the connecting means. For this reason, the length of the swing column can be shortened, and the installation space for the mooring device can be reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a preferred embodiment of a mooring apparatus according to the present invention, showing a state where a water level is in a normal time. It is a side view which shows the state which the water level rose at the time of abnormality by the mooring apparatus which concerns on embodiment shown in FIG. It is a schematic perspective view for demonstrating the principal part of the mooring apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the form of a connection with the base part installed in the water bottom, and the rocking | swiveling support | pillar. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the mooring apparatus which concerns on another structure, and has shown the example of the floating jetty bridge | pierced and installed in the water area from the quay. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the mooring apparatus which concerns on another structure, and has shown the example of the floating pier installed along the quay. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state where the floating pier supported by the mooring device shown in FIG. 5 has a low water level during normal times. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state where the floating pier supported by the mooring device shown in FIG. 5 has a high water level during normal times. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a state where the water level of the floating pier supported by the mooring device shown in FIG.

  The mooring device for a floating body according to the present invention will be specifically described below based on the illustrated preferred embodiment.

  1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of a mooring apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a case where the sea level L is in a normal state, and FIG. 2 shows that the sea level L is abnormal due to a large tsunami attack or the like. It shows the state of rising to the height. Moreover, the principal part of this mooring apparatus is shown in FIG.

  This mooring device mainly includes a pair of pedestal columns 11 fixed to the bottom of the water at appropriate positions before and after the floating pier 10, and swinging with the tip portions detachably supported at the respective upper ends of the pedestal columns 11. The column 12 includes a support column 12 and a connecting chain 13 as a connecting means having one end fixed to the tip of the swing column 12 and the other end attached to the lower surface of the floating bridge 10.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing the pedestal column 11 and the swing column 12. The pedestal column 11 is composed of a pair of upright column members 11a and 11b and a pedestal member 11c spanned over the column members 11a and 11b. On the other hand, the swing column 12 is formed into a substantially isosceles triangle by connecting a pair of inclined swing members 12a and 12b and a beam member 12c connecting the lower ends of the swing members 12a and 12b. ing. Engaging members 12d and 12e extending in the vertical direction are provided at the upper ends of the pair of swinging members 12a and 12b. The engaging members 12d and 12e are accommodated between the column members 11a and 11b of the pedestal column 11, placed on the pedestal member 11c, and the swing column 12 is detachable from the pedestal member 11. A beam member 12f is connected to the upper part of the swing members 12a and 12b of the swing column 12, and a beam member 12g is connected to the upper parts of the engagement members 12d and 12e.

  Each lower end portion of the swing column 12 is supported by a link means 14 so as to be swingably linked to the base portion 15.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the linkage state between the swing column 12 and the foundation portion 15, and shows the linkage means 14 between the swing column 12 and the foundation portion 15. The linking means 14 shown in FIG. 6A is a structure that is linked by a clevis method. A double clevis 15a is formed on the base portion 15 side, and a single clevis 12h is formed on the swing column 12 side. A connecting pin 5 serving as a shaft is linked in a swingable manner. In addition, the linking means shown in FIG. 5B is a combination of the connecting structures 12i and 15b formed by bending a bar or a tube in a U shape on both the swing column 12 side and the base portion 15 side. It is linked freely. Further, in FIG. 6C, the connecting structures 12i and 15b shown in FIG. 5B are covered with a cover 6 made of a material having resistance to the liquid in which the mooring device such as water or seawater is installed. Thus, corrosion of the connecting structures 12i and 15b is prevented.

  In the normal state shown in FIG. 1, the mooring device is allowed to move up and down the floating pier 10 by raising and lowering the sea level L due to tidal flow due to the bending and tension of the connecting chain 13.

  When the sea level L rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami attack, the floating pier 10 also rises. After the connecting chain 13 is tensioned by the rising of the floating bridge 10, as shown in FIG. 2, the swing column 12 is detached from the pedestal column 11 so that the swing column 12 stands upright. By swinging, the floating pier 10 is allowed to rise. At this time, since the floating bridge 10 is restrained by the swing column 12 and the connecting chain 13, it is possible to prevent the floating surface 10 from drifting on the sea surface L.

  Then, when the tsunami disappears and the sea level L descends, the floating pier 10 also descends, and the oscillating column 12 detached from the pedestal column 11 oscillates counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. By this swinging, the base column 11 is engaged, and the state shown in FIG. 1 is obtained, and the lifting and lowering of the floating bridge 10 due to the elevation of the sea level L during normal times is allowed by the connecting chain 13.

  FIG. 5 shows a mooring device in the case of the floating pier 1 having another structure and a floating body protruding from the quay G. A bridge 2 is arranged between the floating pier 1 and the quay G, and the crossing between the pier G and the floating pier 1 is performed across the bridge 2.

  On the lower surface of the floating pier 1, the tip ends of four swing columns 3 are supported in a swingable manner with the horizontal direction as a swing axis. Further, the base end portion of the swing column 3 is supported by a base portion 4 fixed to the water bottom so as to be swingable with the horizontal direction as a swing shaft. The distances between the swinging shafts of the distal end portion and the base end portion of these four swinging struts 3 are equal, and the swinging of the two swinging struts 3 on the same side across the bridge 2 is performed. A parallelogram is formed by the axis. Further, the front swing shaft on the bridge 2 side and the swing shaft supporting the tip of the swing support column 3 are the same, and the rear swing shaft is the swing support shaft. The swing shafts that support the distal end portion of the swing shaft 3 are the same, and are swing shafts on the front side, and the swing shafts that support the base end portion of the swing column 3 are the same and are on the rear side. The oscillating shafts that support the base end portion of the oscillating column 3 are the same. That is, a parallel crank mechanism is formed between the left and right swinging struts 3, the floating pier 1 and the base portion 4, and the left and right parallel crank mechanisms are moved in synchronization. Note that a beam member 31 is stretched around the left and right swinging columns 3 and reinforced.

  For the linkage between the swing column 12 and the base portion 4, a structure similar to the structure shown in FIG. 4 can be used. These linking means 14 are the same for the linking portion between the tip of the swing column 3 and the lower surface of the floating bridge 1. Further, the rocking strut 3 may be linked at the distal end portion and the proximal end portion by different types of linkage means 14.

  The length of the oscillating column 3 is such that when the oscillating column 3 stands in the vertical direction, even if the water level rises to an abnormal height due to the attack of a large tsunami, Is a size that protrudes.

  In the mooring device having this structure, when the sea level L rises and falls due to the elevation of the water level during normal times, for example, the change of the sea level due to tidal flow, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the floating pier 1 associated with the elevation of the sea level L Ascent and descent of the swinging column 3 is allowed by swinging both ends of the swinging column 3 with respect to the base unit 4 and the floating bridge 1 respectively. That is, FIG. 7 shows a state in which the sea level L is lowered to the lowest level at low tide, and FIG. 8 shows a state in which the sea level L has risen to the highest level at high tide. The angle to is different. In addition, since a parallel crank mechanism is formed between the floating pier 1 and the swing column 3 and the front and rear foundations 4 and 4, the floating pier 1 moves up and down while maintaining its posture.

  Then, when the sea level L rises to an abnormal height due to the tsunami or the like, as shown in FIG. 9, the swing column 3 is erected so that the tip is positioned higher than the height of the quay G. The floating pier 1 linked to the tip end of the upright swing column 3 floats on the rising sea level L. In addition, since the swing column 3 forms a parallel crank mechanism, there is no problem in the equipment installed on the upper surface of the floating pier 1 while maintaining the posture of the floating pier 1. Moreover, since the linkage state with the rocking support 3 is maintained even when the sea level L rises, the floating pier 1 will not drift.

  When the sea level L that has risen to an abnormal height is lowered, the floating pier 1 is also lowered, and the swing column 3 is oscillated from the position shown in FIG. 9 to the position shown in FIG. 8, and the floating pier 1 is allowed to descend. . Thereafter, the floating pier 1 can be raised and lowered in response to the raising and lowering of the sea surface L due to normal times. As shown in FIG. 9, when the sea level L rises abnormally, the bridge 2 falls from the quay G and sinks to the seabed.

  FIG. 6 shows a mooring device suitable when the floating pier 6 is installed along a quay. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the site | part same as the structure shown in FIG. In this floating jetty 6, a pair of swinging struts 7a, 7b (7c, 7d) included in a plane perpendicular to the edge of the quay G along which this floating jetty 6 is located, the floating jetty bridge 6, and the foundation 8a. , 8a, two sets of parallel crank mechanisms are formed, that is, parallel crank mechanisms are formed in each of two surfaces in a direction perpendicular to the edge of the quay G. Each of the base portions 8a and 8a is common to the pair of swing struts 7. Further, the bridge 2 is spanned between a protruding portion 2 a protruding from the quay G and a protruding portion 2 b protruding from a part of the floating pier 6.

  The parallel crank mechanism is constructed so that the floating pier 6 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow P in FIG. 6 while moving up and down according to the sea level in normal times, but the movement in this direction P is ensured. As shown, the swing struts 7a, 7c (7b) that are in a plane perpendicular to the two surfaces, that is, in a plane parallel to the edge of the quay G and do not form a parallel crank mechanism of the swing struts 7. , 7d), reinforcing struts 9a, 9a (9b, 9b) combined with a V-shape are arranged. These reinforcing struts 9a and 9a (9b and 9b) are swung at an angle equal to that of the swinging struts 7a and 7c (7b and 7d) constituting the surface in which they are included. The reinforcing column 9 is slidably linked to the base portions 8b and 8b.

  Also in the structure shown in FIG. 6, the linking means 14 between the swing column 7 and the floating pier 6, the linking means 14 between the swing column 7 and the foundation 8 a, and the linking means 14 between the reinforcing column 9 and the floating bridge 6. The structure shown in FIG. 4 can be used for any of the linking means 14 between the reinforcing column 9 and the base portion 8b.

  In the mooring device shown in FIG. 6, when the sea level L rises to an abnormal height due to the attack of a large tsunami or the like, the floating bridge 7 rises as the sea level L rises. Is allowed by swinging. In addition, since the swing column 7 constitutes a parallel crank mechanism, the floating bridge 6 moves up and down while maintaining the posture. At this time, only the movement in the direction of the arrow P in FIG. If the sea level L returns to the normal state, the floating pier 6 also descends as the sea level L descends, and ascends and descends by raising and lowering the sea level L due to tidal flow. Even when the floating pier 6 is raised and lowered during the normal time, the movement of the floating pier 6 in the direction of the arrow P is ensured by the reinforcing column 9.

  According to the mooring device for a floating body according to the present invention, even if the sea level L rises abnormally due to the attack of a large tsunami or the like, the floating body is not submerged in water, and may drift on the water surface. Therefore, the floating body can be easily returned to its original position after the disappearance of the large tsunami, which contributes to quick recovery.

G Wharf L Sea level 1 Floating pier (floating body)
2 Crossover 3 Swing support 4 Base 6 Floating pier
7a, 7b, 7c, 7d Swing support
8a, 8b foundation
9a, 9b Reinforcing member
10 Floating Pier
11 pedestal support
11a, 11b Prop member
11c, base material
12 Swing support
12a, 12b Oscillating member
12c Beam member
12d, 12e engagement member
13 Connection chain (connection means)

Claims (1)

In a floating body mooring device that regulates a floating body that floats on the water surface that rises and falls according to changes in the water level so as to remain in a desired position,
A pedestal column that stands on the bottom
A base end portion is swingably supported on the foundation of the bottom of the water, and a swinging strut in which the tip portion is detachably linked to the upper end portion of the pedestal post by this swinging,
A flexible connecting means for connecting the tip of the swing column and the floating body,
A mooring device for a floating body, wherein when the water level rises to an abnormal height, the swing column is detached from the pedestal column and swings to stand up.

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