JP6211979B2 - Power supply system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply system that supplies power to a load facility from a power generation unit capable of constant control of received power.

  A power generation unit capable of constant control of received power is used as a means to cover the power consumption of a load facility on the premises with a generator in the premises while receiving power (commercial power) from an electric power company. In the received power constant control, the power supply path from the power company, the generator, and the load facility are connected, and the power (received power) supplied from the power company at the power receiving point is a predetermined value (for example, 0). By controlling the output power of the generator so as to become, it becomes possible to absorb the load fluctuation of the load facility by the generator.

  In such a power generation unit capable of constant control of received power, a technique for improving the operating rate of the generator is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-10-224992

  Such a power generation unit capable of constant control of received power, that is, a current transformer (CT: Current Transformer) disposed at a power receiving point, and a generator so that a measured value transformed by the current transformer becomes a predetermined value. A power generation unit in which a generator control unit that controls output is combined with a generator has high versatility, and is applied to load facilities for various purposes. In such a power generation unit, the output power of the generator is controlled according to the load fluctuation of the load facility so that the received power is constant, but feedback control using the measured value of the current transformer is established, If an attempt is made to control the output of the generator toward an arbitrary control target, the generator control software and an external port for transmitting an arbitrary control command are required, which requires cost.

  In addition, when an external generator such as a solar generator is installed outside the premises, it is connected to a common power supply path with other consumers, so the premises must grasp the power generated by the external generator. In addition, it may be difficult to install a current transformer in terms of the ability to measure power to perform constant received power control outside the premises. The fluctuation in output could not be absorbed on the premises.

  In view of such a problem, the present invention appropriately adjusts the power output fluctuation of the external generator on the premises by constant control of received power without wasting resources such as a current transformer and a generator control unit originally provided in the power generation unit. An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system that can be absorbed into the power supply.

In order to solve the above problems, a power supply system of the present invention is connected to a power supply path from an electric power company and a load facility, and a generator that supplies power to the load facility and at least the power supply path are inserted. , A generator current transformer that transforms the current value of the power supply path into a measured value, and a generator control that controls the output power of the generator so that the measured value transformed by the generator current transformer becomes a predetermined value The external generator connected to the power provider from the generator current transformer in the power supply path, and the external generator output path is inserted, and the external generator's current value is transformed into a measured value Based on the measured value transformed by the current transformer and the external current transformer, a control current corresponding to the power generated by the external generator is supplied to the additional control path where the current transformer for the generator is inserted together with the power supply path. indirect output power of the generator flowed so that the external generator and reverse phase Characterized in that it comprises a an additional control unit for controlling the.

  The additional control path may be wound any number of times from 3 to 30 times around the penetration body of the generator current transformer.

  The additional control path is formed in a variable part that can be wound any number of times from 3 to 30 times and is variable in the number of turns in the through body of the current transformer for the generator. The control current may be controlled by changing the number of turns of the part.

  The additional control path may be provided with a variable resistor having a variable resistance value, and the additional control unit may control the control current by changing the resistance value of the variable resistor.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to appropriately absorb the fluctuation of the power output of the external generator on the premises by the constant control of the received power without wasting resources such as a current transformer and a generator control unit originally provided in the power generation unit. It becomes possible.

It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the electric power generation unit in which received electric power constant control is possible. It is explanatory drawing which showed schematic structure of the electric power supply system in 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating control of the output electric power of a generator by an additional control part. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating control of the output electric power of a generator by an additional control part. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the electric power supply system using an external generator. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the other electric power supply system using an external generator. It is explanatory drawing which showed schematic structure of the electric power supply system in 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an additional control path. It is another explanatory view for explaining an additional control way. It is explanatory drawing which showed the modification of the electric power supply system.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating the understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a power generation unit 10 capable of constant control of received power. As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation unit 10 is configured to include a generator 12, a generator current transformer 14, and a generator controller 16. The generator 12 is connected to a power supply path 20 from a power company and a load facility 22 arranged on the premises, converts other energy into electric energy to generate electric power, and generates the generated electric power to the load facility 22. To supply. As such a generator, various other devices such as an electric motor and a fuel cell can be applied. In the current transformer 14 for generator, the power supply path 20 is inserted (clamped) into a through body (iron core, core) in which a primary winding is arranged at a power reception point, and the current value of the power supply path 20 is transformed into a measured value. To the generator control unit 16. The generator control unit 16 is constituted by a CPU and a DSP, and the generator is set so that the measured value transformed by the generator current transformer 14 becomes a predetermined value (for example, 0) (so that the power receiving point is leveled). 12 output power is feedback controlled.

  Thus, in the power generation unit 10, the generator control unit 16 determines that the measured value transformed by the generator current transformer 14, that is, the current value flowing through the power receiving point is a predetermined value (assumed to be 0 here). Since the output power of the generator 12 is controlled so that the load fluctuation occurs in the load facility 22 as in the power transition shown in FIG. 1A, the power transition shown in FIG. As described above, the power corresponding to the fluctuation can be output to the generator 12. Thus, the power fluctuation at the power receiving point is theoretically maintained at 0 as in the power transition shown in FIG. However, in the present embodiment, for convenience of explanation, the power (current) at the power receiving point is described as 0. However, from the viewpoint of system protection such as prevention of reverse power flow due to load fluctuations, power is actually supplied from the power supply path 20. As (power purchase), a significant value is set as the predetermined value. The predetermined value is determined based on the power generation capacity of the generator 12 or the like.

  In the present embodiment, existing resources such as the generator current transformer 14 and the generator control unit 16 included in the power generation unit 10 capable of constant control of received power as described above are not wasted (modified) as they are. It is premised on a technique for effectively using and supplying power to the load facility 22 appropriately. Below, the electric power supply system 100 used as the premise of such this embodiment is demonstrated.

(First embodiment: power supply system 100)
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power supply system 100 according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply system 100 includes a power generation unit 10 (a generator 12, a generator current transformer 14, a generator control unit 16) and an additional control unit 110. The power generation unit 10 is the same as that described with reference to FIG. The additional control unit 110 is configured by a CPU and a DSP. Along with the power supply path 20, the additional control unit 110 supplies a control current to the additional control path 112 inserted through the penetrating body of the generator current transformer 14, and generates power through the generator control unit 16. The output power of the machine 12 is indirectly controlled.

  3 and 4 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the control of the output power of the generator 12 by the additional control unit 110. Here, the power transition of (a), (b), (c) shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is the power transition in the direction of (a), (b), (c) of FIG. And the current transition of (d) shown in FIG. 4 is a current transition of the direction of (d) of FIG.

  When the additional control unit 110 causes a positive current as shown in FIG. 3D to flow in the additional control path 112 in the direction of FIG. 2D, a current corresponding to the amount added in the generator current transformer 14 is obtained. The generator control unit 16 recognizes that the current flow is due to power fluctuation at the power receiving point. Then, since the generator control unit 16 controls the output power of the generator 12 so that the measurement value transformed by the generator current transformer 14 becomes a predetermined value, the power output of the generator 12 is increased. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, the power output of the generator 12 is increased while the additional control unit 110 is passing current, and the power equal to the increased amount (ΔP) is, for example, shown in FIG. As shown in c), the electric power is output to the power supply path 20 through the power receiving point.

  Further, when the additional control unit 110 causes a negative current as shown in FIG. 4D to flow in the additional control path 112 in the direction of FIG. 2D, the amount added to the generator current transformer 14 is increased. Thus, the generator control unit 16 recognizes that the current flow is caused by power fluctuation at the power receiving point, as in FIG. Then, the generator control unit 16 controls the output power of the generator 12 so that the measurement value transformed by the generator current transformer 14 becomes a predetermined value, so that the power output of the generator 12 is reduced. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, while the additional control unit 110 is passing current, the power output of the generator 12 is lowered, and the power equal to the lowered amount (ΔP) is, for example, shown in FIG. As shown in c), it is replenished from the power supply path 20 through the power receiving point.

  Thus, while the existing power generation unit 10 is effectively used as it is without removing the generator current transformer 14 and the generator control section 16, the additional control section 110 passes through the generator current transformer 14. By causing a current to flow through the additional control path 112 inserted into the generator, the generator control unit 16 is made to recognize as if the current of the power supply path 20 has changed, and the output power of the generator 12 is individually controlled. Is possible.

  The output power control of the power generation unit 10 using the additional control unit 110 as described above can be applied to various uses. Hereinafter, an example of using an external generator as an example of the power generation unit 10 using the additional control unit 110 will be described.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a power supply system using the external generator 30. This embodiment is different from FIG. 1 in that an external generator 30 is provided on the premises. The external generator 30 generates electric power independently of the generator 12, and supplies the generated electric power to the load facility 22 like the generator 12. Examples of the external generator 30 include a generator using renewable energy such as a photovoltaic generator (PV: PhotoVoltaics), a wind generator, a hydroelectric generator, a geothermal generator, a solar thermal generator, and an atmospheric thermal generator. It is possible to use it. Such renewable energy can be used permanently as an energy source, but has a feature that the amount of generated electric power is likely to fluctuate due to the influence of the environment such as weather.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the power supply path 20, the generator 12, the external generator 30, and the load facility 22 are connected, and the through-passage of the generator current transformer 14 is connected from the connection point thereof. The power supply path 20 located on the power provider side is inserted. Therefore, the electric power generated by the external generator 30 can be supplied with respect to the load fluctuation of the load facility 22. However, when a generator using renewable energy is used as the external generator 30, the output may fluctuate according to environmental changes as described above. Here, by controlling the output power of the generator 12 so that the measurement value transformed by the generator current transformer 14 becomes a predetermined value, the generator 12 compensates for fluctuations in the power output of the external generator 30. It becomes possible to absorb the power fluctuation of the entire campus.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining another power supply system using the external generator 30. The external power generator 30, for example, a solar power generator, may be installed not only on the premises shown in FIG. In such a case, in order to realize power supply from the external generator 30 to the load facility 22, the output path of the external generator 30 is connected to the off-site power supply path 20 on the power provider side from the generator current transformer 14. Will be connected. As shown in FIG. 5, when the output path of the external generator 30 is connected to the off-site power supply path 20 on the power provider side from the generator current transformer 14, the generator current transformer 14 Since it becomes impossible to distinguish between the electric power from the person and the electric power from the external generator 30, fluctuations in the electric power output of the external generator 30 cannot be absorbed on the premises.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, if a penetrating body of the generator current transformer 14 is installed in the power supply path 20 located on the power provider side from the power receiving point, the fluctuation of the power output of the external generator 30 is prevailed on the premises Can be absorbed. However, since the power is leveled including the load facilities 22 of other consumers connected to the power supply path 20 located on the inner side of the generator current transformer 14, the power of the generator 12 is reduced. This will unnecessarily supply (power transmission) to other consumers.

  Further, since the length of the output path of the external generator 30 and the connection between the generator current transformer 14 and the generator control unit 16 is regulated and cannot be easily changed, the power supply system of FIG. The output path of the external generator 30 is connected to the power receiving point side from the load facility 22 of another consumer so that the circuit configuration equivalent to that of the other customer is loaded. It is also difficult to install between the facility 22 and the power receiving point.

(Second embodiment: power supply system 200)
In the second embodiment, even in such a situation, the power of the generator 12 is controlled with respect to the load fluctuation of the load facility 22 and the output power fluctuation of the external generator 30, and the load facility 22, the external generator is controlled. 30, leveling power fluctuations relative to other systems when the generator 12 is viewed as a single system, in other words, absorbing only fluctuations in the power output of the external generator 30 outside the premises. With the goal.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power supply system 200 in the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the power supply system 200 includes a power generation unit 10 (a generator 12, a generator current transformer 14, a generator control unit 16), an external generator 30, an additional control unit 110, an external unit And a current transformer 120.

  The power generation unit 10 is the same as that described with reference to FIG. The external generator 30 is connected to the power provider side from the generator current transformer 14 in the power supply path 20. The external current transformer 120 inserts the output path of the external generator 30 into a penetrating body provided with a primary winding, transforms the current value of the external generator 30 into a measured value, and transmits it to the additional control unit 110. As in the first embodiment, the additional control unit 110 controls the output power of the generator 12 by causing a control current to flow through the additional control path 112 inserted through the penetration body of the current transformer 14 together with the power supply path 20. To do. However, in the second embodiment, the additional control unit 110 sets the control current so as to cancel the power supplied from the external generator 30 to the load facility 22 based on the measurement value transformed by the external current transformer 120. Shed.

  As described above, in the power generation unit 10, the output power of the generator 12 is controlled so that the current value at the power receiving point becomes a predetermined value. Therefore, the generator 12 absorbs the load fluctuation of the load facility 22 and supplies power. The power reception from the path 20 is maintained at a predetermined value. Furthermore, in the second embodiment, by supplying a control current to the generator current transformer 14 in a phase opposite to that of the external generator 30 by the amount generated by the external generator 30, the power supply path 20 The output power of the external generator 30 can be passed at the power receiving point while maintaining the power supply from the power supply point at a predetermined value.

  Thus, even when the external generator 30 cannot be connected to the load facility 22 side from the generator current transformer 14 and is connected to the power provider side from other consumers, the off-site load Without performing unnecessary power transmission to the facility 22, the power of the generator 12 is controlled with respect to the load fluctuation of the load equipment 22 on the premises and the output power fluctuation of the external generator 30, and the load equipment 22, the external generator 30, It is possible to substantially complete power interchange between the generators 12 and level the power fluctuations relative to other systems when the load facility 22, the external generator 30 and the generator 12 are viewed as a single system. It becomes. That is, the fluctuation of only the power output of the external generator 30 outside the premises can be absorbed on the premises.

(Additional control path 112)
Further, in the power supply system 100 and the power supply system 200, when the generator 12 is controlled by the control current by the additional control unit 110, the current change width received by the generator current transformer 14 by the control current, the power The change width of the current received by the generator current transformer 14 through the supply path 20 must be made equal. In order to increase the change width of the current received by the generator current transformer 14, the following means can be considered.
(1) The voltage value V applied to the additional control path 112 is increased.
(2) The resistance value R of the additional control path 112 is reduced.
(3) The additional control path 112 is wound around the penetration body of the generator current transformer 14 a plurality of times.

However, either means (1) or (2) is not practical because it involves energy consumption due to Joule heat (V ² / R) in the additional control path 112. Further, in the means of (1) and (2), the additional control unit 110 itself must have an ability to generate a current equivalent to the current supplied from the power supply path 20 in the first place.

  Therefore, here, a means for winding the additional control path 112 of (3) around the penetrating body of the generator current transformer 14 a plurality of times will be examined. In this way, by winding the additional control path 112 around the penetration body of the generator current transformer 14 a plurality of times, the generator current transformer 14 is controlled by the control current while suppressing energy consumption due to Joule heat. The change width of the received current and the scale of the change width of the current received by the generator current transformer 14 through the power supply path 20 can be matched.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the additional control path 112. The additional control path 112 is wound, for example, five times so as to be inserted into the through hole 14b of the through body 14a of the current transformer 14 for generator. Thus, with respect to the current in the power supply path 20, assuming that the originally required control current is I and the number of turns is N, it is sufficient that the additional control unit 110 can control the current of I / N.

  The number of turns of the additional control path 112 is 5 for convenience of explanation, but it is 3 to 30 times, more preferably 5 to 10 times. Here, the number of windings is set to 3 times or more because if the number of windings is 1 or 2 after all, the current itself flowing through the additional control path 112 becomes large and the consumption of Joule heat cannot be suppressed. is there. In addition, the number of windings is set to 30 or less because if the number of windings exceeds 30, the noise from the outside is amplified by the number of windings and then rides on the control current, so that the control current is easily affected by the noise. .

As a reference, for example, the following three may be considered as causes of noise.
(A) Influence of electromotive force due to electromagnetic induction: If the number of turns is N, the current flowing through the power supply path 20 is I ₀ , and the radius of the penetrating body 14a is r, the additional control path 112 has an electromotive force ΔV = N / 2πr × dI ₀ / dt is induced.
(B) Influence of surge noise due to electromagnetic joining: When the wiring of the power supply path 20 and the wiring of the additional control path 112 are close to each other, the surge noise flowing through the power supply path 20 is transmitted to the additional control path 112 by the electromagnetic contact path. .
(C) Influence of radiated electromagnetic field immunity: Radio waves from amateur radios or mobile phones ride on the additional control path 112.

By the way, although the additional control part 110 has a function which controls a control current, the control precision by a control current may be inferior for the following reasons.
(I) As a voltage source to be applied to the additional control path 112, only a constant voltage source, for example, a commercial 100V can be used.
(Ii) The variable width of the control current of the additional control unit 110 is small in the first place.
(Iii) The resolution of the control current is low in the first place.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, by making the number of turns or the resistance value of the additional control path 112 variable, it is possible to change the variable width of the control current or change the resolution regardless of whether it is a constant voltage source. .

  FIG. 9 is another explanatory diagram for explaining the additional control path 112. In FIG. 9A, the additional control path 112 is wound around the through body 14a five times so as to be inserted into the through hole 14b of the through body 14a of the generator current transformer 14. . In the variable portion 112a of the additional control path 112, a contact is provided for each turn of the winding, and the number of windings is varied depending on the connection mode of the contact. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, by providing the additional control path 112 with a variable resistance 112b having a variable resistance value, the resistance value R of the additional control path 112 is changed, and the control current (V / R) is variable. It can also be made. The change of the variable part 112a and the variable resistor 112b may be automatically performed from the additional control unit 110, or may be manually performed according to the power usage mode.

  In this way, by varying the control current independently of the control current variable capability of the additional control unit 110, the control current variable width can be increased, the control current variable capability of the additional control unit 110, the variable portion 112a, etc. It can be expanded to the range multiplied by the variable ability. In addition, since the resolution of the control current of the additional control unit 110 can be varied by the variable portion 112a or the like, it is possible to deal with control that requires resolution.

  As described above, the power supply systems 100 and 200 enable constant control of received power without wasting resources such as the generator current transformer 14 and the generator control unit 16 originally provided in the power generation unit 10. It is possible to appropriately supply power from the power generation unit 10 to the load facility 22.

  Further, the power supply system 200 can appropriately absorb the fluctuation of the power output of the external generator 30 due to the constant control of the received power on the premises.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

  For example, in the second embodiment described above, the external current transformer 120 and the additional control unit 110 allow the generator current transformer 14 to recognize the output power of the external power generator 30 installed outside the premises. The overall power fluctuations of the external generator 30, the load facility 22, and the generator 12 are leveled. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the generator control can be performed by inverting the measurement value of the external current transformer 120 by the additional control unit 110 without using the current transformer 14 for the generator. By directly transmitting to the unit 16, it is possible to level the supplied power of the external generator 30 and the generator 12 together.

  The present invention can be used for a power supply system that supplies power to a load facility from a power generation unit capable of constant control of received power.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Power generation unit 12 Generator 14 Current transformer 14a for generator 16 Penetration body 16 Generator control part 20 Power supply path 22 Load equipment 30 External generators 100 and 200 Power supply system 110 Additional control part 112 Additional control path 112a Variable part 112b Variable resistance 120 External current transformer

Claims (4)

A generator connected to a power supply path and a load facility from an electric power company and supplying power to the load facility;
At least the power supply path is inserted, and a current transformer for a generator that transforms the current value of the power supply path into a measured value;
A generator control unit for controlling the output power of the generator so that the measurement value transformed by the generator current transformer becomes a predetermined value;
An external generator connected to the power provider side from the generator current transformer in the power supply path;
An external current transformer through which the output path of the external generator is inserted, and the current value of the external generator is transformed into a measured value;
Based on the measurement value transformed by the external current transformer, a control current corresponding to the power generated by the external generator is added to the additional control path through which the generator current transformer is inserted together with the power supply path . An additional control unit that indirectly controls the output power of the generator by flowing it in a phase opposite to that of the external generator ;
A power supply system comprising:   2. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the additional control path is wound any number of 3 to 30 times around the penetrating body of the generator current transformer. The additional control path is wound around the generator current transformer through 3 to 30 times, any number of times, and a variable part is formed to make the number of turns variable,
The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the additional control unit controls the control current by changing the number of turns of the variable part. The additional control path is provided with a variable resistor having a variable resistance value,
The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the additional control unit controls a control current by changing a resistance value of the variable resistor.

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