JP6209414B2 - Log periodic antenna and method of processing log periodic antenna - Google Patents
Log periodic antenna and method of processing log periodic antenna Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、移動通信システム等における基地局用アンテナとして使用することができる対数周期型アンテナ及び対数周期型アンテナの加工方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a log periodic antenna that can be used as a base station antenna in a mobile communication system and the like, and a method for processing a log periodic antenna.
従来、ＵＨＦ帯（Ｌバンド）において広い周波数帯域を持つ指向性アンテナとして対数周期型アンテナ（ログペリオディックアンテナ）が知られている（例えば、特許文献１乃至４参照。）。一般的に使用されている対数周期型アンテナには、例えば図６（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すようなプレーナ型のものがある。図６（ａ）は対数周期型アンテナの正面図、（ｂ）は同側面図である。 Conventionally, a log periodic antenna (log periodic antenna) is known as a directional antenna having a wide frequency band in the UHF band (L band) (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4). Commonly used log periodic antennas include a planar type as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, for example. FIG. 6A is a front view of the log periodic antenna, and FIG. 6B is a side view thereof.
一般的な対数周期型アンテナは、図６（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように、それぞれ平面上に形成された（−）給電側の第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａと、（＋）給電側の第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ｂとが、一定の間隔で対向配置される。第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ｂとは同形状であり、保持部材と給電線路を兼ねた導電性のアーム１２ａ、１２ｂと、アーム１２ａ、１２ｂの両側に略垂直に互い違いに突出して設けられる素子群と、をそれぞれ備える。素子群は、それぞれの周波数帯の電波を放射する長さの異なる複数のアンテナ素子がアームの両側に互い違いに配置されたもので、第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ｂを組み合わせた時に、自己相似の理に基づく対数周期ダイポールアレイを構成する。或いは、変形された自己補対構造とみることができる。給電点は、アンテナ素子長が短くなる先端部近傍に設けられ、この給電部よりアーム１２ａ、１２ｂを介して各アンテナ素子に給電される。 As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), a general log periodic antenna includes a (−) feed-side first log periodic antenna element portion 11a formed on a plane, and (+). The second logarithmic periodic antenna element part 11b on the power feeding side is arranged to face each other at a constant interval. The first log periodic antenna element portion 11a and the second log periodic antenna element portion 11b have the same shape, and conductive arms 12a and 12b serving both as a holding member and a feed line, and on both sides of the arms 12a and 12b. And element groups provided so as to protrude alternately in a substantially vertical manner. The element group includes a plurality of antenna elements having different lengths that radiate radio waves in respective frequency bands, which are alternately arranged on both sides of the arm, and the first log periodic antenna element unit 11a and the second log periodic antenna. When the element portions 11b are combined, a log-periodic dipole array based on self-similarity is configured. Or it can be regarded as a modified self-complementary structure. The feeding point is provided in the vicinity of the tip portion where the antenna element length is shortened, and power is fed to each antenna element from the feeding portion via the arms 12a and 12b.
上記対数周期型アンテナを板金等で製造する場合、一般的には図７に示すように金属板１５から素子部１６を切り取って（板金抜き）、対数周期アンテナ素子群１１ａ（１１ｂ）を構成している。対数周期型アンテナでは、複数のアンテナ素子を、長さと間隔の両方を指数関数的に変化させながらアームの両側に配置するので、従来では素子部１６を得るために略二等辺三角形の形状の金属板１５を必要とする。 When the logarithmic periodic antenna is manufactured from sheet metal or the like, generally, the element portion 16 is cut out from the metal plate 15 (sheet metal removal) as shown in FIG. 7 to form the log periodic antenna element group 11a (11b). ing. In the log periodic antenna, a plurality of antenna elements are arranged on both sides of the arm while changing both the length and the interval exponentially. A plate 15 is required.
上記のように対数周期アンテナ素子群１１ａ、１１ｂを所定の間隔で平行配置してなる対数周期型アンテナの指向性は、図８（ａ）に示すようなＨ面（磁界面）半値幅となっており、緩やかな指向性となっている。 As described above, the directivity of the log periodic antenna in which the log periodic antenna element groups 11a and 11b are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval has a half-value width of the H plane (magnetic field plane) as shown in FIG. It has a moderate directivity.
上記対数周期型アンテナにおいては、使用状況によって、例えば通信エリアを調整するために鋭い指向性が要求される場合がある。対数周期型アンテナの指向性を鋭くする方法としては、（１）アンテナを長手方向に大きくする方法や、（２）図９に示すように第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ｂとを開く方法、すなわち電波放射側である素子の短いアンテナ先端部を頂点として素子が長い後端部側を所定角度θ開く方法がある。このような対数周期型アンテナは、trapezoid、pyramidal、或いはNon-planar型と呼ばれる。図８（ｂ）は、第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ｂとを約３０°開いた場合の指向性（Ｈ面半値幅）を示し、第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ｂとを所定の間隔で平行配置した図８（ａ）の特性に比較して鋭い指向性となっている。 In the logarithmic periodic antenna, sharp directivity may be required, for example, to adjust the communication area depending on the usage situation. As a method of sharpening the directivity of the logarithmic periodic antenna, (1) a method of enlarging the antenna in the longitudinal direction, or (2) a first logarithmic periodic antenna element unit 11a and a second logarithm as shown in FIG. There is a method of opening the periodic antenna element portion 11b, that is, a method of opening the rear end portion side of the long element at a predetermined angle θ with the short antenna tip portion of the element on the radio wave radiation side as the apex. Such a log periodic antenna is called a trapezoid, pyramid, or non-planar type. FIG. 8B shows the directivity (H-plane half-value width) when the first log periodic antenna element unit 11a and the second log periodic antenna element unit 11b are opened by about 30 °. The directivity is sharper than the characteristic of FIG. 8A in which the periodic antenna element portion 11a and the second logarithmic periodic antenna element portion 11b are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval.
しかし、前者（１）の方法で指向性を鋭くした場合には、アンテナ自身の長さが大きくなってしまうという問題がある。 However, when the directivity is sharpened by the former method (1), there is a problem that the length of the antenna itself becomes large.
また、後者（２）の方法で指向性を鋭くした場合には、図１０に示すようにＶＳＷＲ特性がかなり劣化してしまうという問題がある。図１０は、図９に示すように第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ｂとを開いて配置した対数周期型アンテナのＶＳＷＲ特性を横軸に周波数［ＭＨｚ］をとり、縦軸にＶＳＷＲをとって示しており、高周波側のＶＳＷＲが悪化していることがわかる。 Further, when the directivity is sharpened by the latter method (2), there is a problem that the VSWR characteristic is considerably deteriorated as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows a frequency [MHz] with the horizontal axis representing the VSWR characteristic of a log periodic antenna in which the first log periodic antenna element unit 11a and the second log periodic antenna element unit 11b are opened as shown in FIG. VSWR is shown on the vertical axis, and it can be seen that the VSWR on the high frequency side has deteriorated.
上記のように対数周期型アンテナの指向性を鋭くする方法としては、（１）アンテナを長手方向に大きくする方法や、（２）アンテナ先端部を基準として素子が長い後端部側を所定角度θ開く方法があるが、前者（１）の方法では、アンテナ自身の長さが大きくなる問題があり、また、後者（２）の方法では、ＶＳＷＲ特性が劣化する問題がある。 As described above, the method of sharpening the directivity of the logarithmic periodic antenna includes (1) a method of enlarging the antenna in the longitudinal direction, and (2) a rear end portion side having a long element with respect to the antenna front end as a predetermined angle. Although there is a method of opening θ, the former method (1) has a problem that the length of the antenna itself becomes large, and the latter method (2) has a problem that the VSWR characteristic is deteriorated.
本発明は上記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、アンテナの長さを変更することなく、且つ、良好なＶＳＷＲ特性を維持したまま指向性を鋭くすることができる対数周期型アンテナ及び対数周期型アンテナの加工方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. A log periodic antenna and a logarithm that can sharpen directivity without changing the length of the antenna and maintaining good VSWR characteristics. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a periodic antenna.
上記目的を達成するためにこの発明に係る対数周期型アンテナの第１の観点は、それぞれ給電線路を兼ねた導電性のアームの両側方に複数の対数周期アンテナ素子を交互に配置してなる第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部を相対向させ、且つ、電波放射側である先端部側を基準として後端部側を所定角度開いて配置し、Ｈ面半値幅を狭くして鋭い指向性が得られるように構成した対数周期型アンテナであって、前記第１の対数周期アンテナ素子群及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部の各アーム先端部の内側に所定の長さで相対向して設けられる第１及び第２の給電部と、前記第１及び第２の給電部の先端部近傍に設けられる給電点とを具備し、前記第１及び第２の給電部は、同一面上にある平板であり、先端部側の幅が狭く、後端部側に行くに従って徐々に広くなるように前記対数周期型アンテナの開き角度に合わせてテーパ状にそれぞれ形成され、相互の間隔を略一定に保持してなることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the log periodic antenna according to the present invention is a first aspect in which a plurality of log periodic antenna elements are alternately arranged on both sides of a conductive arm that also serves as a feed line. 1 log periodic antenna element portion and second log periodic antenna element portion are opposed to each other, and the rear end side is disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to the front end side, which is the radio wave radiation side, A log periodic antenna configured to obtain a narrow directivity to obtain a sharp directivity, and has a predetermined inside of each arm tip of the first log periodic antenna element group and the second log periodic antenna element section. A first and a second power supply section provided opposite to each other in length; and a power supply point provided in the vicinity of the tip of each of the first and second power supply sections. parts is a flat plate on the same plane, the distal end portion Narrow width, are formed respectively in a tapered shape in accordance with the opening angle of the log-periodic antenna as gradually wider toward the rear end, characterized in that holding the mutual spacing substantially constant And
この発明に係る対数周期型アンテナの加工方法は、略直角三角形に形成された金属板に対し、底辺部に沿って給電線路を兼ねた所定長さのアームのパターンを設定すると共に、前記アームの一方の側方に全ての対数周期アンテナ素子が位置するようにアンテナ素子パターンを設定し、且つ前記金属板の底辺部に前記対数周期アンテナ素子の電波放射側の先端近傍に前記アンテナ素子パターンとは反対の方向に突出するように給電部を一体に形成する素子パターン設定工程と、前記金属板に設定された前記アーム及び前記アンテナ素子を打ち抜く素子打ち抜き工程と、前記打ち抜き工程によって得られた前記アンテナ素子を前記アームの両側に交互に略９０°折り曲げ加工し、前記給電部を備えた第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部を作成する工程と、前記第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部を相対向させ、且つ、電波放射側である先端部側を基準として後端部側を所定角度開いて配置するアンテナ素子配置工程とを具備し、前記第１及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部の前記給電部は、略一定の間隔を保って相対向し、且つ所定の長さ設けることを特徴とする。 The log periodic antenna processing method according to the present invention sets a pattern of an arm having a predetermined length that also serves as a feed line along a bottom side of a metal plate formed in a substantially right triangle, The antenna element pattern is set so that all log periodic antenna elements are located on one side, and the antenna element pattern is near the radio wave radiation side tip of the log periodic antenna element at the bottom of the metal plate. An element pattern setting step for integrally forming a feeding portion so as to protrude in the opposite direction, an element punching step for punching the arm and the antenna element set on the metal plate, and the antenna obtained by the punching step A first log periodic antenna element portion and a second logarithm having the power feeding portion, wherein the element is alternately bent at approximately 90 ° on both sides of the arm. A step of creating an initial antenna element portion, the first log periodic antenna element portion and the second log periodic antenna element portion are opposed to each other, and the rear end side with respect to the front end side which is a radio wave radiation side An antenna element arranging step of arranging the first and second log-periodic antenna element portions to be opposed to each other with a substantially constant interval and having a predetermined length. It is characterized by providing.
この発明に係る対数周期型アンテナとその加工方法によれば、第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部と第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部とを所定角度開いて配置したときに、前記第１及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部の電波放射側の端部間に所定長さの給電部を略一定の間隔で相対向するように設けることにより、指向性の先鋭化を図りながら、広い周波数帯域に亘って安定したＶＳＷＲ特性を維持することができる。 According to the log periodic antenna and the processing method thereof according to the present invention, when the first log periodic antenna element part and the second log periodic antenna element part are arranged at a predetermined angle, the first and second log periodic antenna elements are arranged at a predetermined angle. By providing feed portions of a predetermined length so as to face each other at substantially constant intervals between the ends of the logarithmic periodic antenna element portion on the radio wave radiation side, the sharpness of directivity can be sharpened over a wide frequency band. And stable VSWR characteristics can be maintained.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
［実施例１］
図１は本発明の実施例１に係る対数周期型アンテナ２０の構成を示す斜視図である。
本例の対数周期型アンテナ２０は、（−）給電側の第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａと、（＋）給電側の第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ｂとで構成される。第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ｂは、略同一形状であり、それぞれ給電線路を兼ねた導電性のアーム２２ａ、２２ｂに対し、その両側方にそれぞれの周波数帯の電波を放射する長さの異なる複数のアンテナ素子（半波長ダイポールの一方）を交互に配置して素子群２６を構成し、またアンテナとして自己相似構造となるようにしている。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[Example 1]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a log periodic antenna 20 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The logarithmic periodic antenna 20 of this example includes a first log periodic antenna element portion 21a on the (−) feeding side and a second log periodic antenna element portion 21b on the (+) feeding side. The first log periodic antenna element portion 21a and the second log periodic antenna element portion 21b have substantially the same shape, and the respective frequencies are provided on both sides of the conductive arms 22a and 22b that also serve as feed lines. A plurality of antenna elements (one half-wave dipole) having different lengths for radiating band radio waves are alternately arranged to constitute an element group 26, and have a self-similar structure as an antenna.
上記第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ｂとは、アンテナ素子の短い先端部（電波放射側）を頂点（基準）として素子が長い後端部側を所定角度θ開いて配置され、４角錐状の外形となる。これによりＨ面半値幅を狭くして鋭い指向性が得られる。 The first log periodic antenna element part 21a and the second log periodic antenna element part 21b have a predetermined angle at the rear end side where the element is long with the short tip (radiation side) of the antenna element as the apex (reference). It is arranged with θ open and has a quadrangular pyramid shape. As a result, the H plane half width is narrowed to obtain a sharp directivity.
そして、アーム２２ａ、２２ｂは、直線的な板状とし、その先端部内側には給電部２３ａ、２３ｂが相対向するように設けられる。本例では、アーム２２ａ、２２ｂは、素子群２６と略直角で、板の端部が内側に互いに向かい合っており、給電部２３ａ、２３ｂも一体に形成されている。 The arms 22a and 22b are formed in a linear plate shape, and the power feeding portions 23a and 23b are provided on the inner side of the tip portions so as to face each other. In this example, the arms 22a and 22b are substantially perpendicular to the element group 26, the end portions of the plates face each other inward, and the power feeding portions 23a and 23b are also integrally formed.
上記給電部２３ａ、２３ｂは、図２に詳細を示すように略一定の間隔ｔを保って相対向するように、先端部から所定の長さＬだけ設けられる。図２は、上記給電部２３ａ、２３ｂ部分を拡大して示す側面図である。給電部２３ａ、２３ｂは、先端部側の幅（素子群が設けられる面から見た高さ）が小さく、後端部側に行くに従って徐々に高さが高くなるようにテーパ状に形成され、このテーパ部でアーム２２ａ、２２ｂの元来の幅より一旦広くなった後、アーム２２ａ、２２ｂとの接続遷移部で、間隔がｔから連続的に広がるように、曲線形状例えば円弧状に形成している。本例の給電部２３ａ、２３ｂは、対数周期型アンテナ２０の開き角度θに合わせて直線的なテーパ状に形成することで、テーパ部において給電部２３ａ、２３ｂ間の空隙を略一定に保っている。 As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the power feeding portions 23 a and 23 b are provided by a predetermined length L from the tip portion so as to face each other with a substantially constant interval t. FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view showing the power feeding portions 23a and 23b. The power feeding parts 23a and 23b are formed in a tapered shape such that the width on the front end side (height viewed from the surface on which the element group is provided) is small, and the height gradually increases toward the rear end side, After the taper portion is once wider than the original width of the arms 22a and 22b, it is formed in a curved shape, for example, an arc shape so that the interval continuously extends from t at the connection transition portion with the arms 22a and 22b. ing. The power feeding parts 23a and 23b of this example are formed in a linear taper shape in accordance with the opening angle θ of the logarithmic periodic antenna 20, so that the gap between the power feeding parts 23a and 23b is kept substantially constant in the taper part. Yes.
そして、給電部２３ａ、２３ｂの先端部近傍には、給電点２４ａ、２４ｂが設けられる。この給電点２４ａ、２４ｂには、給電用同軸ケーブルが半田付け等によって接続される。例えば、給電部２３ａに設けられた給電点２４ａには給電用同軸ケーブルの外導体が接続され、給電部２３ｂに設けられた給電点２４ｂには給電用同軸ケーブルの中心導体が接続される。つまり、非平衡給電が可能となっている。 And feeding point 24a, 24b is provided in the front-end | tip part vicinity of feeding part 23a, 23b. A coaxial cable for feeding is connected to the feeding points 24a and 24b by soldering or the like. For example, the outer conductor of the feeding coaxial cable is connected to the feeding point 24a provided in the feeding portion 23a, and the central conductor of the feeding coaxial cable is connected to the feeding point 24b provided in the feeding portion 23b. That is, non-equilibrium power supply is possible.
図１に示したように、対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａ、２１ｂの後端部側を所定角度θ開いて配置した場合、対数周期アンテナ素子部を平行配置した場合に比較し、対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａ、２１ｂ間の間隔が広くなり、インピーダンスの変化等によりＶＳＷＲが劣化してしまうので、対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａ、２１ｂ間の空間部を補うように給電部２３ａ、２３ｂを設け、給電部２３ａ、２３ｂの間隔ｔ、長さＬ等を調整し、ＶＳＷＲが使用周波数帯域全般に亘って安定化するように設定する。なお、給電部２３ａ、２３ｂの厚さは、任意に設定することが可能である。 As shown in FIG. 1, when the log periodic antenna element portions 21 a and 21 b are arranged with the rear ends thereof opened at a predetermined angle θ, the log periodic antenna element portion is compared with the case where the log periodic antenna element portions are arranged in parallel. Since the interval between 21a and 21b becomes wider and the VSWR deteriorates due to a change in impedance or the like, power supply units 23a and 23b are provided so as to supplement the space between the logarithmic periodic antenna element units 21a and 21b. , 23b is adjusted so that the VSWR is stabilized over the entire use frequency band. The thicknesses of the power feeding units 23a and 23b can be arbitrarily set.
図３は、上記実施例１に示すように構成された対数周期型アンテナ２０のＶＳＷＲ特性図であり、横軸に周波数［ＭＨｚ］をとり、縦軸にＶＳＷＲをとって示した。上記実施例１に係る対数周期型アンテナ２０は、広い周波数帯域に亘って安定したＶＳＷＲ特性が得られ、特に移動通信で使用する８００ＭＨｚ帯、１５００ＭＨｚ帯、２１００ＭＨｚ帯の周波数帯域においては、２以下のＶＳＷＲが得られている。 FIG. 3 is a VSWR characteristic diagram of the logarithmic periodic antenna 20 configured as shown in the first embodiment. The horizontal axis represents frequency [MHz] and the vertical axis represents VSWR. The logarithmic periodic antenna 20 according to the first embodiment can obtain a stable VSWR characteristic over a wide frequency band, and in the frequency band of 800 MHz band, 1500 MHz band, 2100 MHz band used in mobile communication, it is 2 or less. VSWR is obtained.
なお、本例の給電部２３ａ、２３ｂの形状は、テイパードスロットアンテナに類似するが、少なくとも使用帯域においてＦＢ比（前方対後方比）の悪化はないことが確認されている。 In addition, although the shape of the electric power feeding parts 23a and 23b of this example is similar to a tapered slot antenna, it has been confirmed that there is no deterioration in the FB ratio (front-to-back ratio) at least in the use band.
上記対数周期型アンテナ２０では、第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ｂとの開き角度θを調整することにより、指向性（Ｈ面半値幅）を任意に設定することが可能である。 In the log periodic antenna 20, the directivity (H-plane half width) is arbitrarily set by adjusting the opening angle θ between the first log periodic antenna element portion 21a and the second log periodic antenna element portion 21b. Is possible.
なお、上記実施例１では、給電部２３ａ、２３ｂ間の間隔ｔを一定に設定した場合について示したが、この間隔ｔはビームを放射する先端側を狭く、後端側に行くに従って僅かに広くなるように設定しても良い。給電線路にも自己相似を適用する思想に立てば、間隔ｔは、特に先端付近において指数関数的になるべきである。 In the first embodiment, the case where the interval t between the power feeding units 23a and 23b is set constant has been described. However, the interval t is narrower at the front end side that emits the beam, and slightly wider toward the rear end side. You may set so that it becomes. Based on the idea of applying self-similarity to the feed line, the interval t should be exponential, especially near the tip.
また、上記実施例１では、アーム２２ａ、２２ｂと給電部２３ａ、２３ｂとを同一部材で一体に形成した場合について示したが、予め別体に形成した給電部２３ａ、２３ｂをアーム２２ａ、２２ｂに半田付け等により接続するようにしても良く、これにより、厚さをアーム２２ａ、２２ｂと異ならせることも容易となる。 In the first embodiment, the case where the arms 22a and 22b and the power feeding portions 23a and 23b are integrally formed using the same member has been described. The connection may be made by soldering or the like, which makes it easy to make the thickness different from that of the arms 22a and 22b.
また、上記実施例１では、給電部２３ａ、２３ｂの後端部を円弧状に形成した場合について示したが、直線状に形成しても良い。すなわち、給電部２３ａ、２３ｂの形状は、直線や曲線形状に限定されるものではなく、任意の形状に形成することが可能である。 Further, in the first embodiment, the case where the rear end portions of the power feeding portions 23a and 23b are formed in an arc shape is shown, but the feeding portions 23a and 23b may be formed in a linear shape. That is, the shape of the power feeding units 23a and 23b is not limited to a straight line or a curved shape, and can be formed in an arbitrary shape.
上記アンテナの構成部材は、例えば印刷基板、金属プレス、導電性フィルム等、導電性部材であれば使用することが可能である。なお、導電性フィルム等の柔軟性のある部材は、誘電体基板に貼付して使用することが望ましい。 The constituent member of the antenna can be used as long as it is a conductive member such as a printed board, a metal press, or a conductive film. It should be noted that a flexible member such as a conductive film is preferably used by being attached to a dielectric substrate.
また、上記実施例１では、１組の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａ、２１ｂからなる対数周期型アンテナ２０に実施した場合について示したが、その他、例えば図４に示すように実施例１に示したものと同様に構成した２組の対数周期型アンテナ２０ａ、２０ｂを用いてクロス偏波化した場合においても、各対数周期型アンテナ２０ａ、２０ｂに対して給電部を設けてＶＳＷＲ特性を安定化することが可能である。また対数周期であることは必須ではない。 In the first embodiment, the case of the log periodic antenna 20 including a pair of log periodic antenna element portions 21a and 21b has been described. However, for example, as shown in FIG. Even when two sets of log periodic antennas 20a and 20b configured in the same manner as above are cross-polarized, a power feeding unit is provided for each log periodic antenna 20a and 20b to stabilize the VSWR characteristics. It is possible. In addition, it is not essential to have a logarithmic cycle.
［実施例２］
次に本発明の実施例２に係る対数周期型アンテナの加工方法について説明する。
この実施例２は、上記実施例１における対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａ、２１ｂを効率的に加工する方法について示したものである。
[Example 2]
Next, a processing method of the log periodic antenna according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The second embodiment shows a method for efficiently processing the log periodic antenna element portions 21a and 21b in the first embodiment.
図５（ａ）〜（ｃ）は、対数周期型アンテナ２０における第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部１１ａの加工工程を説明するための図である。
上記対数周期型アンテナ２０を板金等で製造する場合、先ず、図５（ａ）に示すように金属板の略直角三角形状の領域２５２５に対し、その底辺部に沿ってアーム２２ａのパターンを設定（描画）すると共に、このアーム２２ａの一方の側方に第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａを構成する全てのアンテナ素子（素子群）２６が略直角に位置するように素子パターンを設定する。すなわち、交互に配置されるべきアンテナ素子が全て同一方向の配置となるように素子パターンを設定する。また、金属板２５の底辺部には、アンテナ素子の先端近傍に図２に示したものと同様の形状の給電部２３ａをアンテナ素子とは反対の方向に突出するように一体に設ける。
そして、図５（ｂ）に示すように上記金属板２５から、アーム２２ａ、素子群２６、給電部２３ａ等をパターンに従って切り取る。
FIGS. 5A to 5C are diagrams for explaining the processing steps of the first log periodic antenna element unit 11 a in the log periodic antenna 20.
When the logarithmic periodic antenna 20 is manufactured from sheet metal or the like, first, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), a pattern of the arm 22a is set along the bottom side of a substantially right-angled triangular region 2525 of a metal plate. (Draw), and an element pattern is set so that all the antenna elements (element groups) 26 constituting the first log periodic antenna element portion 21a are positioned substantially at right angles on one side of the arm 22a. That is, the element pattern is set so that all the antenna elements to be alternately arranged are arranged in the same direction. Further, a feeding portion 23a having the same shape as that shown in FIG. 2 is integrally provided at the bottom of the metal plate 25 in the vicinity of the tip of the antenna element so as to protrude in the direction opposite to the antenna element.
Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the arm 22a, the element group 26, the power feeding portion 23a, and the like are cut out from the metal plate 25 according to the pattern.
次に、図５（ｃ）に示すように、アーム２２ａの一方の側方に設けられているアンテナ素子を交互に反対方向に略９０°折曲げ、第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａを製作する。
また、第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ｂは、上記第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａと同一形状であるので、製作方法に違いはない。
Next, as shown in FIG. 5C, the antenna elements provided on one side of the arm 22a are alternately bent approximately 90 ° in the opposite direction to produce the first log periodic antenna element portion 21a. To do.
Further, the second log periodic antenna element portion 21b has the same shape as the first log periodic antenna element portion 21a, and therefore there is no difference in the manufacturing method.
そして、上記第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ｂとを組み合わせ、実施例１で示したようにアンテナ素子の短い先端部（ビーム放射側）を基準として素子が長い後端部側を所定角度θ開いて配置することにより、対数周期型アンテナ２０を完成する。 Then, the first log periodic antenna element portion 21a and the second log periodic antenna element portion 21b are combined, and as shown in the first embodiment, the element is based on the short tip portion (beam radiation side) of the antenna element. The log periodic antenna 20 is completed by disposing the long rear end side by a predetermined angle θ.
上記のようにアーム２２ａ（２２ｂ）の一方の側方に全てのアンテナ素子を形成し、金属板２５から切り出した後、アンテナ素子を交互に反対方向に略９０°折曲げ、第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａ（２１ｂ）を製作することにより、金属板２５の形状を略直角三角形の形状に形成でき、従来用いられていた二等辺三角形の金属板１５（図７参照）に比較して、使用量（使用面積）を略半分に減らすことができ、非常に経済的である。また、アーム２２ａ（２２ｂ）に対して給電部２３ａ（２３ｂ）を一体に形成することができると共に、給電部２３ａ（２３ｂ）の形状も曲線状やテーパ状など、アンテナ特性に合わせて任意の形状に形成することが可能であり、Ｈ面半値幅を狭くして鋭い指向性が得られ、且つ安定したＶＳＷＲ特性を得ることができる。 As described above, all the antenna elements are formed on one side of the arm 22a (22b), cut out from the metal plate 25, the antenna elements are alternately bent approximately 90 ° in the opposite direction, and the first logarithmic period is obtained. By manufacturing the antenna element portion 21a (21b), the shape of the metal plate 25 can be formed into a substantially right-angled triangle shape. Compared to the conventionally used isosceles triangle metal plate 15 (see FIG. 7), The amount used (usable area) can be reduced to almost half, which is very economical. In addition, the power feeding part 23a (23b) can be formed integrally with the arm 22a (22b), and the shape of the power feeding part 23a (23b) can be an arbitrary shape according to the antenna characteristics such as a curved shape or a tapered shape. The H-plane half width can be narrowed to obtain a sharp directivity, and a stable VSWR characteristic can be obtained.
上記実施例２によれば、実施例１に係る対数周期型アンテナ、すなわち第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａと第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ｂとを所定角度開いて配置すると共に、対数周期アンテナ素子部２１ａ、２１ｂ間に給電部２３ａ、２３ｂを備えた対数周期型アンテナ２０を効率よく製作できると共に、製作コストを低減することができる。 According to the second embodiment, the logarithmic periodic antenna according to the first embodiment, that is, the first log periodic antenna element portion 21a and the second log periodic antenna element portion 21b are arranged at a predetermined angle and logarithmic period. The logarithmic periodic antenna 20 having the power feeding portions 23a and 23b between the antenna element portions 21a and 21b can be efficiently manufactured, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
その他、この発明は上記実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合せにより種々の発明を形成できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。さらに、異なる実施形態に亘る構成要素を適宜組み合せてもよい。 In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.
２０、２０ａ、２０ｂ…対数周期型アンテナ、２１ａ…第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部、２１ｂ…第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部、２２ａ、２２ｂ…アーム、２３ａ、２３ｂ…給電部、２４ａ、２４ｂ…給電点、２５…金属板、２６…素子群。 20, 20a, 20b ... log periodic antenna, 21a ... first log periodic antenna element part, 21b ... second log periodic antenna element part, 22a, 22b ... arm, 23a, 23b ... feeding part, 24a, 24b ... Feed point, 25 ... metal plate, 26 ... element group.
Claims (2)
前記第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部の各アーム先端
部の内側に所定の長さで相対向して設けられる第１及び第２の給電部と、前記第１及び第
２の給電部の先端部近傍に設けられる給電点と
を具備し、
前記第１及び第２の給電部は、同一面上にある平板であり、先端部側の幅が狭く、後端部側に行くに従って徐々に広くなるように前記対数周期型アンテナの開き角度に合わせてテーパ状にそれぞれ形成され、相互の間隔を略一定に保持してなることを特徴とする対数周期型アンテナ。 A first log periodic antenna element section and a second log periodic antenna element section, each of which is formed by alternately arranging a plurality of log periodic antenna elements on the side of a conductive arm that also serves as a feed line, and A log periodic antenna configured such that the rear end side is opened at a predetermined angle with respect to the front end side, which is the radio wave emission side, and the H-plane half-value width is narrowed to obtain a sharp directivity,
A first and a second power feeding section provided opposite to each other with a predetermined length on the inner side of each arm tip of the first log periodic antenna element section and the second log periodic antenna element section; And a feeding point provided in the vicinity of the tip of the second feeding part,
The first and second feeding parts are flat plates on the same plane, and the opening angle of the log periodic antenna is such that the width on the front end side is narrow and gradually increases toward the rear end side. A logarithmic periodic antenna characterized by being formed in a tapered shape and maintaining a substantially constant distance from each other .
前記金属板に設定された前記アーム及び前記アンテナ素子を打ち抜く素子打ち抜き工程と、
前記打ち抜き工程によって得られた前記アンテナ素子を前記アームの両側に交互に略９０° 折り曲げ加工し、前記給電部を備えた第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部を作成する工程と、
前記第１の対数周期アンテナ素子部及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部を相対向させ、且つ、電波放射側である先端部側を基準として後端部側を所定角度開いて配置するアンテナ素子配置工程と
を具備し、
前記第１及び第２の対数周期アンテナ素子部の前記給電部を、略一定の間隔を保って相対向させ、且つ所定の長さに設けることを特徴とする対数周期型アンテナの加工方法。 For a metal plate formed in a substantially right triangle, a pattern of an arm having a predetermined length that also serves as a feed line is set along the bottom side, and all log periodic antenna elements are positioned on one side of the arm. The antenna element pattern is set so that the feeding portion is integrated with the bottom of the metal plate so as to protrude in the direction opposite to the antenna element pattern in the vicinity of the tip of the logarithmic periodic antenna element on the radio wave radiation side. an element pattern setting step of forming,
An element punching process for punching out the arm and the antenna element set on the metal plate ;
The antenna element obtained by the punching process is alternately bent at approximately 90 ° on both sides of the arm to produce a first log periodic antenna element part and a second log periodic antenna element part provided with the feeding part. a step of,
An antenna element arrangement in which the first log periodic antenna element part and the second log periodic antenna element part are opposed to each other, and the rear end side is opened at a predetermined angle with respect to the front end side which is a radio wave radiation side. A process and
A method of processing a log periodic antenna, wherein the feeding parts of the first and second log periodic antenna element parts are opposed to each other with a substantially constant interval and are provided with a predetermined length.
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