JP6196454B2 - Wall construction panel and wall construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall surface construction panel and a wall surface construction method.

A method of constructing a wall surface such as a retaining wall by assembling a formwork at the site and placing concrete inside thereof is known.
In addition, construction methods using precast concrete panels and blocks as the formwork are widely adopted.
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, two shelves b protrude from the back of the concrete block a, and the upper and lower blocks are fastened and fixed with a steel material c that penetrates the shelf b in the vertical direction. is there.

JP 2010-19043 A

The panel for constructing the wall surface such as the conventional retaining wall and the construction method have the following problems.
<1> Although the structure as shown in FIG. 5 has many advantages, it requires the work of connecting, fixing, and tightening the steel material c on the back surface of the panel or block a.
<2> Therefore, if there is a slope near the rear of the newly established retaining wall and a person cannot enter the back, or the hand cannot be reached for tightening, assembly may not be possible.

In order to solve the above-described problems, a wall construction panel according to the present invention includes a panel main body that is a flat plate made of concrete, and an extendable leg that is attached to the panel and can freely enter and exit toward a ground mountain on the back of the panel. It is composed of a support shelf that protrudes to the back of the panel and penetrates the vertical steel rod and maintains the posture, and an embedded plate that protrudes to the back of the panel, and the support shelf is a member having a surface orthogonal to the panel back Yes, the buried plate is a member having a surface parallel to the back surface of the panel, and is characterized by a wall construction panel.
The wall construction method uses the above-mentioned panels, stacks the panels in the vertical direction, penetrates the support shelf of the upper panel in the vertical direction, and connects with a steel rod fixed at the lower end in the concrete, and is strained. It is characterized in that it is performed by placing a concrete or the like between the panel and the natural ground while maintaining the distance from the natural ground on the back using the upper and lower legs of the upper panel.

Since the wall surface construction panel and the wall surface construction method of the present invention are as described above, at least one of the following effects can be obtained.
<1> The panel body can be stacked and supported by a steel bar within the reach of the front. Therefore, the wall surface can be constructed by stacking the panel main body without problems even in a narrow site where no person can enter between the stacked position of the panel main body and the back surface.
<2> The panel body tilts to the back side when it is only tightening the steel bar on the back of the panel body, but the panel body of the present invention projects the telescopic legs toward the back on the back, By adjusting the projecting length of the telescopic legs, it is possible to maintain the exact same plane between the upper and lower and left and right panel bodies.
<3> For that purpose, for example, steep slopes, construction of wall surfaces close to the slope, construction of aging mortar sprayed slopes with concrete panels, or restoration of earth and sand slopes such as dikes with concrete walls It can be used effectively for constructions that are impossible or difficult to construct with other methods such as construction.

The perspective view of the Example of the panel main body of this invention. Explanatory drawing which looked at the state which assembled the panel main body from the back. Explanatory drawing from the side of an assembly state. Explanatory drawing of another Example. Explanatory drawing of the conventional similar construction method.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a panel for wall construction according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<1> Overall Configuration The panel for wall construction according to the present invention includes a panel body 1, telescopic legs 2, a support shelf 3, and an embedded plate 4.
In the specification and claims of the present invention, the “back” means a natural mountain side when a panel is installed on the site, and the opposite open side is called a “front”.
In addition, the description will basically be given on the premise that the panel body 1 is standing upright, but in that case “horizontal” or “vertical” is not used in a physically accurate sense. , A term indicating a general direction.
The term “natural ground” includes not only sloping grounds, but also aging mortar spray slopes, aging concrete retaining walls, revetment slopes, wall surfaces, and embankment slopes. use.
The “wall surface” is not limited to a general retaining wall, and includes a wide range of wall-like structures such as a sheet pile revetment and a building wall.

<2> Panel Main Body The panel main body 1 is basically a precast concrete plate, but is also referred to as a panel main body 1 including a rectangular block.
In any case, it is a concrete product produced in a factory, and it is stacked to constitute the formwork surface of the wall surface.
In order to secure stability and position when stacked, a mountain-shaped protrusion 11 is provided on the upper edge, and a groove 12 is provided on the lower edge.
Between the stacked formwork surface and the ground on the back, concrete or the like is placed on-site to form a wall surface including the panel body 1.

<3> Stretchable leg A part of the panel main body 1 is provided with a telescopic leg 2 that can freely enter and exit from the back side of the panel main body 1 toward the natural mountain side.
A simple screw jack can be used as the extendable retractable leg 2.
This screw jack needs to be installed so as not to fall from the back surface of the panel body 1 and to be easily removable.
For this purpose, for example, an inverted U-shaped steel material with an open bottom surface is used as the engagement frame 21, and one end of a screw jack is welded to the side surface.
The telescopic leg 2 is extended by covering the engaging frame 21 from the upper end of the panel body 1, and when the use is completed, the engaging frame 21 can be pulled out from the upper end of the panel body 1 and removed. .

<4> Supporting shelf On the back surface of the panel body 1, a supporting shelf 3 is protruded toward the backside of the ground.
The support shelf 3 is a member provided with a shelf-like horizontal plane orthogonal to the back surface of the panel body 1 and is configured using, for example, an angle member having an L-shaped cross section.
A part of the angle member is embedded in the panel body 1, and the horizontal portion of the angle member protruding from the back surface of the panel body 1 is caused to function as the support shelf 3.
A through hole 31 is opened in the support shelf 3.
The panel body 1 is maintained in a vertical posture by passing the steel bar 5 through the through hole 31 from the vertical direction and tightening the thread of the steel bar 5 with a nut having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 31. Can do.
The “through hole” is not limited to an independent hole, but also includes a structure in which a part is cut and a steel rod is inserted into the cut.
The protruding position of the support shelf 3 is preferably as close to the upper end of the panel body 1 as possible.
This is because the tension work of the steel bar 5 can be performed only from the front surface of the panel body 1 even if a person does not enter the back surface of the panel body 1 if it is installed as such.

<5> Integrated Support Shelf The support shelf 3 has a structure in which part of an angle material is embedded in the concrete panel body 1.
However, a shelf member corresponding to the support shelf 3 can be formed integrally with the panel body 1 from concrete.
In other words, a part of the flat concrete plate is provided in a shelf-like manner on the back side, and a vertical through hole 31 is opened in the support shelf 3.

<6> Removable support shelf (Fig. 4)
The support shelf 3 may not be integrated with the panel body 1 and may be configured to be attached to and detached from the upper edge.
In that case, a horizontal cantilever 6 is used.
The cantilever metal 6 is composed of a horizontal cantilever and two fixed plates 61 projecting vertically on the lower surface of the cantilever, and has an inverted U shape.
Then, a pressure plate 62 is attached to the outer fixing plate 61 via a bolt so as to be movable toward the panel body 1.
Then, the pressure plate 62 can be pressed against the panel body 1 in a pressurized state by rotation of the bolt, and the upper edge of the panel body 1 can be firmly fixed to the cantilever 6.
In the fixed state, the cantilever 6 is in a state of protruding from the back surface of the panel body 1.
If the pressure plate 62 grips the upper edge of the panel body 1 in this way, the cantilever 6 can be moved along the upper edge of the panel body 1, so that the installation position can be freely set. be able to.
The through hole 31 into which the steel bar 5 is inserted is opened in the vertical direction at the front end of the back surface of the horizontal cantilever 6 or a cut is formed in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
If the cantilever 6 uses a U-shaped channel material, an L-shaped angle material, or the like, sufficient strength can be secured when the steel rod 5 is tightened.
Further, the end of the telescopic leg 2 can be fixed to the fixing plate 61 on the back side of the fixing plate 61 of the cantilever 6 and shared with the support shelf 3.

<7> Buried plate On the back surface of the panel body 1, a buried plate 4 is provided so as to project toward the ground side of the back surface.
The burying plate 4 is a member for burying in the concrete in a concrete placing process to be described later and firmly integrating the panel body 1 and the concrete.
For this purpose, the embedded plate 4 is formed of a rectangular or circular steel plate and is attached to the tip of a bolt 41 projecting from the back surface of the panel body 1.
The mounting state of the embedded plate 4 is positioned so as to have a surface parallel to the back surface of the panel body 1.
Since the embedded plate 4 is attached before the panel body 1 is vertically stacked, the work from the front surface of the panel body 1 is not necessary.
Therefore, the embedded plate 4 does not affect the assembling work even if it is installed at any position on the back surface of the panel body 1.
Depending on the position of the embedded plate 4, it is of course possible to perform the assembly work by reaching out from the front surface of the panel body 1.

<8> Construction Method Next, the construction method of the wall surface performed using the panel described above will be described.

<9> Construction of foundation The foundation is constructed to stack the above panels vertically.
In this foundation, the lower end of the lowermost steel rod 5 is buried in the vertical direction. Such a foundation of the wall surface is known.

<10> Installation of panel The panel main body 1 stands vertically on the foundation.
As described above, the term “vertical” here is not a physically accurate meaning, but also includes a case where it is installed parallel to a slope of a natural mountain.
The upper end of the lowermost steel rod 5 is located directly below the through hole 31 of the support shelf 3 of the standing panel body 1.
Therefore, the next stage steel rod 5 is inserted from the front surface of the panel body 1 through the through hole 31 of the support shelf 3, and the lower end thereof is connected to the upper end of the lowermost stage steel rod 5 via a nut cylinder to be integrated. Turn into.

<11> Tightening of Steel Bar A nut is attached to the steel bar 5 that has passed through the through hole 31 of the support shelf 3, and a reaction force is applied to the support shelf 3 to tighten it.
This attachment and tightening operation can be performed entirely from the front surface of the panel body 1 even when a person cannot enter the back surface of the panel body 1.
In this process, the steel bar 5 is extended in the vertical direction, and the lower steel bar 5 whose lower end is embedded in the foundation concrete can be fastened and fixed with the support shelf 3 of the upper steel bar 5.
In the case of the other embodiments described above, the penetration and tightening steps of the steel bar 5 into the through hole 31 of the support shelf 3 of the concrete block or the through hole 31 of the cantilever 6 are similarly performed.
This tension can prevent the panel body 1 from falling to the front.
However, in this state, a force that inclines to the back side acts on the panel body 1 due to the tension of the steel bar 5.

<12> Adjustment of telescopic leg The telescopic leg 2 protrudes from the upper part of the panel main body 1 toward the back.
By adjusting the protruding distance of the extendable leg 2 to the back side, the extendable leg 2 is stretched by taking a reaction force against the ground on the back side.
As a result, the panel body 1 can be prevented from inclining to the back side, and the exact same surface as the other panel bodies 1 can be maintained.
Alternatively, the panel group in a bent state can be formed by changing the protruding length of the left and right telescopic legs 2.
The length of the telescopic legs 2 can be easily adjusted from the front surface of the panel body 1 without a person entering the back surface of the panel body 1.

<13> Placing concrete, etc. When the position of the panel in the left-right direction is fixed by the above process, concrete, soil cement, bubble-mixed lightweight embankment, sprayed mortar, etc. are placed between the surface of the ground and the like.
Since the embedded plate 4 is positioned vertically inside the placed concrete or the like, the integration of the concrete or the like with the panel body 1 on the surface is ensured.

<14> Installation of Upper Panel After the concrete has hardened, the extensible legs 2 are removed from the upper end of the panel body 1, and a new panel body 1 is stacked on the panel body 1.
At that time, when the groove 12 on the lower edge of the upper panel body 1 is fitted on the protrusion 11 on the upper edge of the lower panel body 1, the position can be secured.
Thereafter, concrete is placed by adjusting the connection and tension of the steel bar 5 and the inclination of the telescopic legs 2 in the same manner as in the above-described process.
Since the lower steel bar 5 is embedded in the concrete, a reaction force against the tightening of the upper steel bar 5 can be obtained.
In addition, concrete placement is performed for each stacked panel.
At that time, it is advisable to install joint reinforcement on the concrete joint surface because it tends to be a weak point of concrete.
In the wall surface of the present invention, since the steel bar 5 is arranged in the vertical direction, it also functions as a joint reinforcing bar that ensures the integration of the upper and lower concrete.
In this way, the construction of the wall is completed by expanding the horizontal and vertical planes.

1: Panel body 2: Telescopic leg 3: Support shelf 4: Buried plate 5: Steel bar 6: Cantilever

Claims (4)

A panel body that is a flat plate made of concrete;
Attaching to the panel, telescopic legs that can enter and exit towards the ground on the back of the panel,
A support shelf that protrudes to the back of the panel and penetrates the vertical steel bar to maintain the posture ,
Consists of a buried plate protruding on the back of the panel,
The support shelf is a member having a surface orthogonal to the panel back surface,
The wall construction panel, wherein the burying plate is a member having a surface parallel to the back surface of the panel. The support shelf is
A steel plate protruding from the back of the panel.
The wall construction panel according to claim 1. The support shelf is
It is a cantilever bracket that engages with the top edge of the panel and is fixed to the panel, and a part of it projects to the back side of the panel.
The wall construction panel according to claim 1. Use any one of the panels according to claims 1 to 3,
Stack the panels vertically,
Connected with a steel bar that penetrates the support shelf of the upper panel in the vertical direction and the lower end is fixed in the concrete, and is integrated by tension.
Maintain the distance from the back ground with the elastic legs of the upper panel,
It is characterized by placing concrete between the panel and natural ground.
Wall construction method.

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