JP6180869B2 - Fire hose - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire hose. More specifically, at low pressure such as immediately after the start of water flow, water running is good, water flow speed is low at low pressure, and pressure loss is small. Therefore, the water source is actually opened. It is related with the fire hose which was excellent in the water flow performance which made it possible to perform fire extinguishing activity quickly, and also the water discharge performance which is short in the time until water discharge starts from the nozzle of the fire hose tip.

  Conventionally, as a fire hose capable of reducing the weight and improving the water flow rate, a coating layer made of rubber or synthetic resin is provided on the inner surface of a jacket made of a tubular woven fabric, and the hose is formed on the inner surface of the coating layer. What formed the protrusion extended in a length direction is known (patent document 1).

  The fire hose proposed in Patent Document 1 suppresses the turbulent flow of the inner wall of the hose during water flow by the protrusion formed so as to extend in the length direction of the hose on the inner surface of the coating layer, thereby reducing the pressure loss. In addition, since the cross-sectional area of the water passage of the hose is reduced, even if irregularities based on the presence of the woven yarn in the jacket appear on the inner surface of the thinly formed coating layer, the water passage speed can be improved, and the ridge Since the coating layer is only thick and can be made thin as a whole, the amount of rubber or resin used can be reduced, and the weight can be reduced accordingly.

  In the fire hose proposed in Patent Document 1, the ridge is considered to bring about a rectifying effect, but the effect may not be sufficiently exhibited depending on the formation form of the ridge. Moreover, in this patent document 1, it is also proposed to form the ridge in a spiral shape that rotates, for example, once or twice per 20 m of a hose length (paragraph 0007 of patent document 1). However, when the ridges are formed in a spiral shape, there is no effect as compared with the case where the ridges are formed in a straight line, or in general, the water flow resistance is increased, so that the reverse effect is generally provided.

  Further, in the hose in which the lining layer is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical jacket, a linear body is interposed between the cylindrical jacket and the lining layer in the axial direction of the hose, and the ridge is extended in the axial direction on the inner surface of the lining layer. In particular, a hose with a braid angle of 0 ° to 45 ° with respect to the axis of the hose is proposed. (Patent Document 2).

  The fire hose proposed in Patent Document 2 can improve the water flow rate, and more efficiently discharge water remaining inside the hose after the end of water discharge (paragraph 0009, Patent Document 2). Specifically, for example, eight filaments (for example, multifilament yarn, span yarn, monofilament) are provided between the cylindrical jacket and the tube over the entire length in the axial direction of the hose. The braided angle θ of 10 ° to 30 ° with respect to the hose axis is interposed so as to be spiral, and the filament is spiral in the direction opposite to the weaving direction of the weft. It is that. The striated body has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 5.00 mm, preferably 1.00 mm to 3.00 mm, and the tube protrudes inward due to the presence of the eight striated bodies. Eight ridges are formed over the entire length in the axial direction, and in the drawing, four ridges and eight ridges are formed (paragraph 0017 of Patent Document 2). FIG. 1 and FIG. 2).

  However, when the ridges are formed in a spiral shape in this way, it is considered that the pressure loss is increased. However, there are cases where it has an adverse effect in terms of water permeability and water release other than drainage.

  In the hose described in Patent Document 2, the number of filaments may be one or many, and the braid angle θ of the filaments may be set arbitrarily, and twists when the braid angle θ increases. Although the prevention effect is high and the angle is reduced, the twist prevention effect is said to be low (paragraph 0020 of Patent Document 2). However, in the fire hose through which a very high-pressure water flow passes, the effect of providing such a protrusion is effective. It is difficult to obtain as desired in terms of water permeability and water discharge other than drainage.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-4569 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-294639

  In view of the above-described points, the object of the present invention is that the water running is good, the water passage speed at the low pressure is high, and the pressure loss is small at a low pressure such as immediately after the start of water flow. Firefighting hose with excellent water-flowing performance that enables quick fire extinguishing activities after opening the nozzle through the nozzle at the tip of the firefighting hose, allowing quick fire extinguishing, and firefighting with excellent drainage performance To provide a hose.

  In the present invention, “water permeability” means that the hose during non-water passage is crushed flat, starts water discharge, and then the water passes while expanding the flat state with its own pressure. It refers to the characteristics that go down, especially those that are understood to be caused by the hose. In addition, “water discharge” refers to the properties when high-pressure water is discharged in a steady state after the completion of the above water flow, including the momentum of the water discharge, the form of the discharged water, the reach distance, etc. Collectively, it is understood to be caused by the hose in particular. Therefore, water permeability and water discharge are both important performances that affect the success or failure of fire fighting activities as fire hoses.

  In the present invention, the “fire hose” refers to a fire hose having a nominal diameter of 40 to 75 mm and including a jacket made of a tubular fabric woven using wefts and warps.

The fire hose of the present invention that achieves the above-described object has the following configuration (1).
(1) Rubber or synthetic on the inner peripheral surface of a jacket made of a cylindrical fabric woven in a cylindrical shape with a warp arranged in the hose length direction and a weft arranged in a spiral shape around the central axis in the hose length direction A fire hose having an inner surface coating layer made of a resin has a spiral shape that rotates on the inner surface of the inner surface coating layer in a spiral direction that is the same as the spiral direction of the weft yarns 4 to 7 times per 20 m of hose length. A fire hose comprising 10 to 35 protrusions extending in the length direction of the hose per inner circumference of the hose.

Moreover, in the fire hose of the present invention, a fire hose having any one of the following constitutions (2) to ( 5 ) is preferable.
(2) The protrusion has a height h (mm) of h = 0.4 to 1.5 (mm) and a width w (mm) of w = 0.8 to 2.5 (mm). The fire hose as described in (1) above, which is characterized.
(3) The fire hose according to any one of (1) to ( 2 ) above, wherein in the cross-sectional shape of the ridge, a side wall of the ridge forms an inclined surface.
( 4 ) The thickness t (mm) of the inner surface coating layer is t = 0.2 to 0.6 (mm), for fire fighting as described in any one of (1) to ( 3 ) above hose.
( 5 ) The fire hose according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ), wherein the woven structure of the tubular woven fabric is a plain weave or a twill weave.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, at low pressure such as immediately after the start of water flow, water running is good, the water flow speed at low pressure is high, and the pressure loss is small. Therefore, after actually opening the water source It is possible to provide a fire hose which has a short time until water discharge is started through the nozzle of the fire hose and can perform fire extinguishing activities quickly, and thus has excellent water discharge performance.

  According to the present invention according to any one of claims 2 to 9, there is provided a fire hose having the above-described effects of the present invention with higher precision and accuracy.

It is a section perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of a fire hose of the present invention. (A) is the whole cross-sectional view which showed the example of one embodiment of the fire hose of this invention, (b) is the principal part enlarged view. (A)-(d) shows all the example embodiments of the fire hose of the present invention, and in the cross-sectional shape of the ridges, the ridge side walls form an inclined surface. It is the principal part enlarged view shown. It is a model figure for demonstrating the test method of the fire hose employ | adopted in the Example.

  Hereinafter, the fire hose of the present invention will be described in more detail.

The fire hose of the present invention has a warp (not shown) arranged in the length direction of the hose and a central axis CL in the length direction of the hose as shown in FIGS. Fire hose having an inner surface coating layer 2 made of rubber or synthetic resin on the inner circumferential surface 4 of a jacket 1 made of a cylindrical fabric woven in a continuous cylindrical shape by wefts (not shown) arranged in a spiral shape as In the above, the ridge extending on the inner surface of the inner surface coating layer 2 in the spiral direction rotating in the hose length direction with a spiral shape rotating once to 10 times per 20 m of the hose length in the same spiral direction as the spiral direction of the weft 10 to 35 are provided for the entire inner circumference of the hose.

  It is practical and preferable that the protrusions 3 are made of the same constituent material as that of the inner surface coating layer 2 and are formed as an integral part continuous with the inner surface coating layer 2.

  In particular, according to the fire hose of the present invention having the above-described structure over the entire length of the hose on the inner peripheral surface of the hose, the same direction as the spiral direction of the weft yarn at the time of low pressure immediately after opening the water source and starting water flow By providing the spiral ridges in the spiral direction, the entire hose is smoothly twisted in the direction in which the hose diameter swells (the direction in which the wefts are unwound), and the ridges present in a spiral form While maintaining the form, the hose diameter swells, so the pressure loss is reduced, and as a result, the time from the actual opening of the water source to the start of water discharge through the nozzle at the tip of the fire hose is shortened In addition, a fire hose with excellent water flow performance and thus water discharge performance that enables fire extinguishing activities is realized.

  In the present invention, the above-mentioned "at the time of low pressure immediately after opening the water source and passing water" means that the fire hose is almost swollen by water pressure and gradually increases from 60% at the maximum water pressure to about 90%. A state where water pressure is applied. When the water pressure at such a level is applied, the water pressure functions on the spiral ridges, thereby realizing the urging of the force to rotate the fire hose and the expansion of the diameter.

As shown in FIG. 1, it is important that the spiral of the protrusion 3 provided on the inner surface of the coating layer has a spiral direction D2 that is the same direction as the spiral direction D1 of the weft, In order to obtain the effect of the present invention, it is important that the degree of spiral of the ridge 3 is one to ten spirals per 20 m of the hose length. In FIG. 1, D1 is a so-called S direction, and D2 is also a so-called S direction. Of course, depending on the way of weaving, the spiral direction D1 of the weft and the spiral direction D2 of the ridge may be the so-called Z direction. What is important is that both directions are the same.
If the spiral is less than once per 20 m of hose length, or if the spiral exceeds 10 times per 20 m of hose length, the ridge will have a weak effect of generating a rotational force when passing water. It becomes difficult to obtain the effects of the invention. That is, it is important to determine the number of rotations of the spiral so that a relatively large rotational force is generated even during low-pressure water circulation. According to the knowledge of the present inventors, it is preferable that the ridge is present by rotating the hose 3 to 7 times per 20 m of the hose length, and most preferably 4 to 6 times. The length of one hose is usually about 20 m, and it is good for increasing the effect that the protrusion extends over the entire length of one hose.

  Moreover, when obtaining the effect by a protrusion greatly, it is important for the form of a protrusion that the said protrusion is provided 10-35 per hose perimeter. If the number is less than 10, the effect of imparting the rotational force and the biasing effect obtained by the protrusions are reduced, which is not preferable. If the number is greater than 35, the effect of providing the rotational force is reduced by reducing the existence effect of the protrusions. This is not preferable because the force effect is small.

  Further, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2B, the height h (mm) of the protrusion 3 is h = 0.4 to 1.5 (mm), and the width w (mm) is w = 0. 8 to 2.5 (mm) is preferable for obtaining a large effect due to the presence of the protrusions.

Moreover, it is preferable that the height h (mm) and width w (mm) of the ridge 3 satisfy the following formula (a) with respect to the nominal diameter d (mm) of the fire hose.
(Sum of (h × w) values of each ridge) / d = (0.1 to 0.3) × d (a) formula (sum of (h × w) values of each ridge) / When the value of d is less than 0.1 d or larger than 0.3 d, it is not preferable because it is difficult to optimally obtain the force for twisting the hose due to the presence of the protrusion.

  In order to effectively obtain the effect of the ridge (creation of rotating force), the side wall of the ridge may be formed so as to form an inclined surface in the cross-sectional shape of the ridge. 3 (a) to 3 (d) show an example of the embodiment, and the side wall of the ridge forms the inclined surface 5. FIG. (A) is an isosceles triangle shape, (b) is a trapezoidal shape, (c) is a trapezoidal shape in which only one side wall forms an inclined surface 5, and (d) is an only side wall forming an inclined surface 5. This is a trapezoidal shape that is similar to (c), but shows an arcuate shape in which the inclined surface 5 is recessed. The inclined surface does not necessarily need to be a flat surface, and may have an arc shape recessed inward or an arc shape bulging outward in the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the thickness t (mm) of an inner surface coating layer is t = 0.2-0.6 (mm). If it is thinner than this range, it is not preferable in that the durability of the inner surface coating layer itself, the durability of the ridge and the pressure loss increase, and if it is thicker than this range, the overall weight increases. This is not preferable in terms of increasing the material cost, that is, increasing the cost. The thickness t (mm) of the inner surface coating layer is most preferably t = 0.2 to 0.4 (mm).

Further, the adhesion amount per unit area of the rubber or synthetic resin jacket forming the inner surface coating layer is preferably 400 to 800 g / m ² .

The fire hose of the present invention may have an outer surface coating layer made of rubber or synthetic resin on the outer peripheral surface of a jacket made of a tubular woven fabric. In that case, the inner surface coating layer and the outer surface coating layer described above The adhesion amount per unit area of the rubber or synthetic resin jacket is preferably 400 to 800 g / m ² .

  Further, the woven structure of the tubular woven fabric is not particularly limited, but a plain weave or twill weave common as a fire hose is preferable for obtaining the effects of the present invention.

  The fire hose of the present invention can be basically manufactured by a method according to the manufacturing method described in Patent Document 1 described above.

That is, after manufacturing the tubular woven fabric constituting the jacket and the tube-shaped inner surface coating layer 2 provided with the protrusions 3 separately, the heated fluid pressurized inside is filled in a state where both are overlapped. It can be manufactured by bonding the coating layer 2 to the inner surface of the jacket 1.
However, the manufacturing method is not particularly limited. For example, the inner surface coating layer 2 is extruded on the outer peripheral side of the jacket 1, and a loose spiral ridge 3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface by passing a rotating die. After that, the inner surface coating layer 2 is formed on the inner surface by reversing the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface, or by impregnating resin or the like from the outer side to the inner side of the jacket 1, and a rotating die is passed through the inner surface. You may employ | adopt the method of forming the protrusion 3 in an inner surface.

Reference Example 1, Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2
Using two twisted yarns of 1100 dtex polyester bulky filament yarn as the warp yarn, using two twisted yarns of polyester filament yarn (1100 dtex) as the weft yarn, the weaving structure is 2/1 twill weave, the number of driven yarns is 210/10 cm, A tubular woven fabric (hose jacket) for a fire hose having a nominal diameter d = 65 mm was manufactured at 50 wefts / 10 cm. Up to this point, the same applies to Reference Example 1, Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2.

Using this common tubular fabric, two types of fire hoses according to the present invention ( Reference Example 1, Example 1 ) and two types of fire hoses other than the present invention (Comparative Example 1, comparison) are as follows. Example 2) was prepared.

  In any case, the total length of one hose is 20.2 m at the hose portion.

[ Reference Example 1 ]
An inner surface coating layer 2 is extruded on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular woven fabric, a rotating die is passed through the outer peripheral surface, and a spiral protrusion 3 that is loose in a spiral direction opposite to the spiral direction of the weft is formed on the outer peripheral surface. After the formation, the inner and outer surfaces of the hose were inverted to form an inner surface coating layer having a spiral protrusion.

  The height h (mm) of the ridge 3 is 0.5 mm, the width w of the ridge is 1.0 mm, and 30 ridges 3 are present at equal intervals on the entire inner peripheral surface of the hose, and the degree of spiral Is 1.5 times (= 0.075 rotations / m) per hose length of 20 m in the same helix direction as the weft yarn direction.

The thickness t (mm) of the inner surface coating layer is t = 0.3 mm, the inner surface coating layer is formed of urethane resin, and the amount of adhesion per unit area of the jacket is 450 g / m ² .

[ Example 1 ]
The shape, number, and inner surface coating layer of the ridges 3 are the same as in Reference Example 1 , except that only the degree of spiral is 6 times per hose length of 20 m in the same spiral direction as the weft thread direction (= 0.3). Rotation / m).

[Comparative Example 1]
After the inner surface coating layer 2 is extruded on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular woven fabric, a non-rotating fixed die is passed through to form a resin layer having straight protrusions on the outer peripheral surface, The outside surface was inverted.

The height h (mm) of the ridge 3 is 0.5 mm, the width w of the ridge is 1.0 mm, and 30 ridges 3 are present at equal intervals on the entire inner peripheral surface of the hose. Then, although it is substantially the same as Reference Example 1 , the protrusion is outside the present invention in that it is a non-spiral shape extending in parallel with the hose length direction. The inner surface coating layer is the same as in Reference Example 1 .

[Comparative Example 2]
A fire hose was formed with the same specifications as in Reference Example 1 except that only the spiral direction of the ridges 3 present spirally was formed in the spiral direction opposite to the spiral direction of the weft. The degree of spiraling is the same as in Reference Example 1 except that the spiraling direction is opposite to the spiraling direction of the weft, and 1.5 times per hose length of 20 m in the spiraling direction opposite to the spiraling direction of the weft (= 0.075 revolutions / m). The inner surface coating layer is the same as in Reference Example 1 .

[Comparative Example 3]
702 polyester spun yarns 20S / 6 are used as warp yarns, polyester filament yarn (1100 dtex) / 4 (four twisted yarns) are used as weft yarns, the weave structure is 2/1 twill, and the number of driven yarns is 334 warps / A tubular woven fabric (hose jacket) for a fire hose having a nominal diameter d = 65 mm was manufactured at 10 cm and 50 wefts / 10 cm.

  The inner surface coating layer is a hose in which a resin tube is pasted on the inner peripheral surface, and no protrusion is provided. This hose has a concavo-convex structure based on a woven structure on the inner peripheral surface (mainly based on the presence of warp yarns, a wave-shaped gentle and fine concavo-convex structure (mountain-valley structure) formed so that the ridge line extends in the length direction of the hose. 42 mountains / 10 cm.

[Test method for water flow rate and pressure loss of each fire hose]
As shown in the model diagram in FIG. 4, three test fire hoses 11 were connected, and the water flow rate and pressure loss were determined for each of the examples and comparative examples. As shown in FIG. 4, the hose is connected by connecting a hose 13 having a length of 3 m to the pump 12 of the pump car, and from there toward the tip side, a flow meter 14, a first pressure gauge 15, and a shutoff valve 16. The first fire hose 11a, the second fire hose 11b, the third fire hose 11c, and the second pressure gauge 17 were connected.

  The valve opening / closing operation was performed by confirming 0.4 MPa with a pressure gauge of the pump car, and then opening and closing the shut-off valve. After measuring the water flow rate, the pressure on the nozzle side was read while the original pressure was 0.4 MPa, and the flow rate was measured with a flow meter.

  The measurement was performed in each example and comparative example with n = 6, and the average values of the water flow rate and the pressure loss were obtained from four data excluding the maximum value and the minimum value.

  The water flow rate is measured by measuring the time passing through the hose, and the longer the time, the slower the water flow rate is.

〔result〕
The results obtained for the fire hoses of Reference Example 1, Example 1, and Comparative Example 1-3 are as shown in Table 1.

  The overall evaluation criteria were evaluated in four levels: “very good”, “good”, “normal”, and “inferior”. In Table 1, “◎”, “◯”, “Δ”, and “×” are shown.

The fire hose of Comparative Example 1 is currently evaluated as an extremely excellent fire hose, but the fire hose of Example 1 of the present invention is more than that of Comparative Example 1. Has even better overall properties. The spiral in the reverse direction of Comparative Example 2 had a slightly higher water resistance and was inferior to that of the present invention, but was superior to Comparative Example 1.

Although the difference between Example 1 of the present invention and those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 seems to be slight, in actual fire fighting activities, the number of hoses to be connected may exceed three. Therefore, a high-performance fire hose with a good balance in terms of water flow speed and pressure loss is useful.

  In the comparative example 3 where no protrusions were provided, the concavo-convex structure formed by the warp was inferior to the other in both the special rectifying effect and the water flow rate and pressure loss.

1: Jacket 2: Inner surface coating layer 3: ridge 4: Inner peripheral surface 5: Inclined surface of ridge h: Height of ridge w: Width of ridge t: Thickness of inner surface coating layer d: Fire hose Nominal diameter D1: Weft weaving spiral direction D2: Spiral spiral direction CL: Hose length direction central axis of fire hose

Claims (5)

It is made of rubber or synthetic resin on the inner peripheral surface of a jacket made of a cylindrical fabric woven in a cylindrical shape by a warp arranged in the hose length direction and a weft arranged in a spiral shape around the central axis in the hose length direction. In the fire hose having an inner surface coating layer, the hose length is formed on the inner surface of the inner surface coating layer so as to form a spiral that rotates 4 to 7 times per 20 m of the hose length in the same spiral direction as the weft yarn. A fire hose comprising 10 to 35 ridges extending in the vertical direction per inner circumference of the hose. The protrusion has a height h (mm) of h = 0.4 to 1.5 (mm) and a width w (mm) of w = 0.8 to 2.5 (mm). The fire hose according to claim 1. The fire hose according to any one of claims 1 to 2 , wherein a side wall of the ridge has an inclined surface in a cross-sectional shape of the ridge. The fire hose according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a thickness t (mm) of the inner surface coating layer is t = 0.2 to 0.6 (mm). The fire hose according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the woven structure of the tubular woven fabric is a plain weave or a twill weave.

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