JP6178127B2 - Building measuring apparatus and measuring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for measuring the size of a roof in order to install a solar panel on a building, particularly a roof of a house.

  In recent years, instead of non-renewable energy such as oil, solar, solar heat, hydropower, wind power, biomass, geothermal heat, etc. can be regenerated in a relatively short time even if used once, and energy that does not deplete resources is highlighted. Has been bathing.

  Among these natural energies, attention is focused on power generation using sunlight. Generally, a solar cell module is placed on the roof of a building. This solar module is composed of a plurality of solar panels installed on the roof, wirings that electrically couple them, and a control computer that operates them.

  In particular, the number and shape of solar panels placed on the roof are determined according to the size and shape of the roof. Usually, the dimensions of the roof are measured and panels are prepared accordingly.

However, for the measurement of such a roof, there are currently methods such as actually going up the roof and actually measuring it, or taking a picture from below and processing the image to estimate the size.
In particular, the actual measurement method on the roof is reliable, but it is also high and dangerous. In this case, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4152682 discloses a method of calculating a size of a roof by placing a plate having a size per unit on the roof and comparing the size with the roof surface. In this method, there is a danger when the unit plate is placed on the roof, so that it is particularly difficult to place the unit plate on a roof with a steep slope or a roof of two or more floors.

  For this reason, a method is known in which the roof is not actually climbed but is photographed from the ground with a photograph or the like, and the image is processed and measured. In this imaging method, in order to image the entire roof, imaging is performed from a relatively far distance and at a depression angle from the bottom. For this reason, perspective distortion often occurs in an image and cannot be measured accurately. For this reason, means for correcting this perspective distortion is also taken.

  In many cases, there is a method of correcting distortion so as not to make the appearance uncomfortable for a single image. This often involves imaging a subject such as a whiteboard from the side rather than from the front. When the photograph taken in this way is taken from an oblique direction, characters and the like are distorted obliquely or trapezoidally. Of course, these characters can be interpreted. However, even if it can be read, it is very tiring to read. Moreover, since these images have distortion, it is difficult to reuse these images. In order to solve these problems, the method in this publication is to obtain the original rectangle by obtaining the ratio of the length of the vertical and horizontal sides from the coordinates on the image of the subject (whiteboard) and the focal length of the camera. As an example, a method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2005-122328 is known.

    However, the above method is a correction method based on the assumption that the subject is rectangular and the four corners are right-angled, and it measures the roof of a Japanese house such as a dormitory structure or a one-way structure composed of an isosceles trapezoidal roof surface. In this case, it was impossible with the conventional correction method.

Japanese Patent No. 4152682 JP 2005-122328 A

  Therefore, the present invention provides a new measuring apparatus and method that does not perform dangerous work such as work at high places and that is also suitable for roofs and buildings having an isosceles trapezoidal shape, using correction processing that eliminates perspective distortion. Is.

  The invention according to claim 1, which solves the above-mentioned problem, includes an imaging means having a predetermined focal length, a means for holding the imaging means at a height corresponding to the height of the building, and a building photographed by the imaging means. A means for displaying an isosceles trapezoidal shape, a means for determining the four vertices of the displayed isosceles trapezoidal shape and obtaining coordinates thereof, and a distance between two points on a plane including the isosceles trapezoidal shape, or from the imaging means Means for specifying the distance to one point on the plane, means for obtaining the shape of the building from the coordinates of the four vertices and the focal length, and the distance between the two points on the plane, or from the imaging means on the plane This is a device for determining the size of a building comprising means for determining the size of the building from the distance to one point.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the measuring apparatus according to the first aspect, the imaging means having a predetermined focal length needs to have a function of outputting a captured image and focal length data at the time of capturing.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the measurement apparatus according to the first aspect, the means for specifying the distance between the two points has a ruler with a specified length, and the imaging means includes a camera, pan and tilt The apparatus has a device, a remote shutter, and an image monitor, and the holding means has a pole for mounting the camera at a high place.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the measuring apparatus according to the first aspect, the means for specifying the distance from the imaging means to one point on the plane is a laser range finder, a laser range finder remote switch, and the imaging means. And a pan and tilt device with a shared stay mechanism that moves the direction of the laser range finder synchronously, the imaging means includes a camera, a remote shutter, and an image monitor, and the holding means is a shared stay. It has a pole to attach the mechanism to a high place.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined focal length of the imaging means and two sides of the isosceles trapezoid are parallel to each other and the lengths of both legs are equal. Is an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape from

  The invention according to claim 6 is the measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for obtaining the size of the building is an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape obtained by means for obtaining an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape, and the distance between the two points. And means for determining the size of the building from the distance or the distance from the imaging means to one point on the building plane.

  In the invention of the apparatus for obtaining the dimensions of the roof of the building according to claim 1, the dimensions are obtained by utilizing the characteristic condition of the isosceles trapezoidal shape. In the present invention, most of the roofs of Japanese houses are gable roofs, single-flow roofs, dormitory roofs, and side roofs, and these roofs all include isosceles trapezoidal shapes, so the dimensions of Japanese roofs are measured. Suitable for

  In the invention of the apparatus for determining the dimensions of the building roof or the like according to claim 1, the focal length data at the time of photographing by the imaging means is required. Accordingly, in the invention of claim 2, the imaging means outputs focal length data at the time of photographing and is used for the dimension calculation of the present invention.

  In the invention of the apparatus for determining the dimensions of the building roof or the like according to claim 1, means for holding the imaging means at the height of the building is required. Therefore, in the invention of claim 3, by holding the camera and the pan & tilt device at the upper end of the pole, it is possible to photograph the roof at a high place from the ground.

  In the invention of the apparatus for obtaining the dimensions of the roof of the building according to the third aspect, the dimensions of the roof can be obtained by photographing the roof and a ruler that specifies the length placed on the roof. In this case, the ruler or the like can be thrown on the roof, and the roof can be measured without requiring dangerous work at high places. The pole may be any of a single type, a split pole type, and an extendable type.

  In the invention of the apparatus for determining the dimensions of the building roof or the like according to claim 1, distance data from the imaging means to the roof is required. Therefore, in the invention of claim 4, the distance data can be measured from the ground by holding the laser range finder and the pan & tilt device at the upper end of the pole.

  In the invention of the apparatus for obtaining the dimensions of the roof of the building according to claim 4, the roof dimensions are determined by photographing the roof with the imaging means and measuring the distance between the imaging means and the roof with a laser range finder. Can be sought. It is not necessary to install a comparative object such as a ruler, and the roof can be measured without requiring dangerous work at high places.

  In the invention of the device for determining the dimensions of the roof of the building according to claims 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7, in photogrammetry technology, it is necessary to imprint a target indicating the length in the captured image, In the present invention, the dimension can be obtained from the focal length of the imaging means, the distance from the imaging means to the roof, and the characteristic conditions of the isosceles trapezoidal shape without requiring a target.

  In the invention of the apparatus for correcting a photographed image according to claim 8 to an ortho image, not only the dimensions of the roof but also the image of the entire roof can be displayed so that an accessory on the roof surface can be grasped.

  In the invention of the method for obtaining the dimensions of the roof of the building according to claim 9, the dimensions are obtained by utilizing the characteristic condition of the isosceles trapezoidal shape. In the present invention, most of the roofs of Japanese houses are gable roofs, single-flow roofs, dormitory roofs, and side roofs, and these roofs all include isosceles trapezoidal shapes, so the dimensions of Japanese roofs are measured. Suitable for the method.

It is a figure which shows the typical roof of a Japanese house. It is the figure which specified the isosceles trapezoid shape contained in a roof shape. It is a figure which shows the high place imaging & measuring system with an imaging means and a laser range finder. It is a figure which shows the synchronous principle of a laser and a camera direction. It is a figure which shows the imaging | photography condition of the distance between two points by a high place imaging | photography & measurement system. It is a figure which shows the measurement condition from imaging | photography by a high place imaging & measurement system and imaging | photography means to one point on a plane. It is the schematic of measurement assistance apparatuses, such as an imaging means and a control computer. It is a figure which shows the coordinate system of the picked-up image displayed with a personal computer. It is a flowchart which shows the measurement flow of a building measurement program. It is a figure which shows the condition which carried out the perspective projection of the isosceles trapezoid shape contained in a roof shape on a projection surface. It is a principle figure of "distance data processing between two points" which enables measurement of the present invention. It is a principle figure of "laser distance data processing" which enables measurement of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The main object of building measuring devices is the roof for installing solar panels. Figure 1 shows a typical roof of a Japanese house. As a feature of these roofs, as shown in FIG. 2, the whole or a part thereof includes an isosceles trapezoid, a rectangle, and a square.
That is, the gable roof and the single-flow roof are rectangular, the dormitory roof is an isosceles trapezoid, and the direction roof is a triangle, but a part of the triangle is an isosceles trapezoid.
If you can easily measure isosceles trapezoids, rectangles, and squares, you can measure most of Japan's roofs. Even in a completely deformed roof, measurement is possible if a part of the skylight or the like includes an isosceles trapezoid, a rectangle, or a square.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an altitude imaging & measuring system that executes the imaging unit and the distance specifying unit of the building measuring apparatus. The high-altitude imaging & measurement system includes a camera, a laser range finder, a pan and tilt device with a shared stay mechanism that moves the camera and laser range finder synchronously, a camera remote shutter, and a camera image. It has a monitor and a remote switch for the laser range finder, and the holding means comprises a pole for attaching the camera and the laser range finder to a high place.
As for the method of holding the camera and the laser range finder at a height corresponding to the height of the building, it may be held by a person on a work vehicle at a height or held by a small helicopter or the like. .

FIG. 4 shows the synchronization principle of the direction in which the camera and the laser range finder face in the building measuring apparatus. The camera and the laser range finder are attached to the common stay mechanism in the same direction, vertically or horizontally, and the common stay is attached to the pan and tilt device. When the common stay mechanism rotates left and right due to the pan mechanism, the camera and laser rangefinder always turn in the same direction. When the common stay mechanism tilts up and down due to the tilt mechanism, the camera and laser rangefinder always tilt at the same angle.
If this apparatus is used, the entire roof can be photographed with a camera, and at the same time, the distance from the camera to the center of the photographed image can be measured with a laser range finder. In this case, the mounting position of the camera and the laser range finder is about 10 cm above and below, and strictly speaking, the distance from the camera to the center of the image taken is slightly different from the true distance, but as an approximate value Recognize and perform calculations.

  In an altitude imaging & measurement system, the camera image held at the tip of the pole is checked by the camera image monitor attached to the pole hand, and the camera remote shutter is also attached to the pole hand. Take a picture of the roof. At the same time, a laser rangefinder remote switch attached to the hand of the pole irradiates the laser and measures the distance. The photographed image data and the focal length at the time of photographing are stored in a memory attached to the imaging unit, or are stored in another device by wire or wireless.

  As the imaging means, a 2D digital camera is usually used, but a 3D digital camera, a still image imaging function of a video camera, a tablet PC, a notebook PC, a mobile phone, a film camera, or the like may be used.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a measurement support apparatus included in the building measurement apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. The measurement support apparatus includes an imaging unit, a communication unit associated with the imaging unit, a memory card, a laser range finder, a communication unit associated with the laser range finder, a memory card, a CD-ROM & DVD drive, and a hard disk. , CPU (Central Prosessing Unit), ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), keyboard and mouse, display, and printer.

  The measurement support apparatus includes a building measurement program stored in a hard disk. In the execution of the program, the program is called into the RAM, and the calculation is executed by the CPU. The calculated data and processed image data are stored on the hard disk. The program includes not only a directly executable program, but also a source program format program, an encrypted format program, a compressed format program, and the like.

  As a recording medium of the measurement support apparatus shown in FIG. 7, a memory card, a hard disk, a CD-ROM & DVD (Compact Disc Read Only Memory & Digital Versatile Disc) drive is connected, but other recording medium MO ( A semiconductor memory such as a magnetic optical disc (MD), a MD (mini disc), a floppy disk, a magnetic tape, a cassette tape, an optical card, a mask ROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM, or a flash ROM can also be used.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the building measurement program. First, the building measurement program is activated on the computer. As step 1, a captured image of a building including an isosceles trapezoid shape is read into a monitor, and four vertices of the isosceles trapezoid on the image are designated on the screen.
In step 2, the focal length of the lens at the time of image capture is input. Next, the photographed image is confirmed, and if the photographed isosceles trapezoidal shape is not distorted, it cannot be processed. However, the case where there is no distortion refers to the case where the isosceles trapezoidal shape included in the building is an isosceles trapezoidal shape on the captured image. If the captured isosceles trapezoidal shape is distorted, it can be processed by the mathematical formula described in the next section. As Step 3, when the distance between two points on the plane or the distance from the imaging means to one point on the plane that is the subject is input, the shape of the orthopedic trapezoidal ortho image is obtained by Equation 3. Then, the size of the ortho image is obtained. Next, the building measurement program creates an orthoimage of the isosceles trapezoidal shape portion using Equations 5 and 6, and as a result, the entire captured image showing the building is also orthoimaged. In step 4, the roof shape can be obtained by designating the four vertices of the roof shape again.

Each process of the flow chart of the building measurement program will be described.
In the “designate four vertices of an isosceles trapezoid on the image” process, as shown in FIG. 9, the lens position of the imaging means is the origin O, the direction the imaging means is facing is the Z axis, and the plane perpendicular to the Z axis The photographed image data is displayed in a coordinate system in which the horizontal direction is the X axis and the vertical direction is the Y axis. When the isosceles trapezoidal vertices captured in the captured image data are clicked with the mouse specified, the vertex coordinate values are automatically stored in the memory.
In the “input focal length of lens” process, focal length data at the time of image capturing is read and stored in a memory.
In the “input the distance between two points on the plane or the distance from the camera to one point on the plane” process, either data is read and stored in the memory.

３点Ｐ２、Ｐ３、Ｐ４を、それぞれ原点Ｏを始点としてλ２倍、λ３倍、λ４倍延長した点をＰ２’、Ｐ３’、Ｐ４’とする。３点Ｐ２’、Ｐ３’、Ｐ４’の座標は数式２のようになる。

四角形Ｐ１Ｐ２’Ｐ３’Ｐ４’が、屋根平面と平行な平面上にあり四角形Ｒ１Ｒ２Ｒ３Ｒ４と相似形となるようなλ２、λ３、λ４を求める。
まず、線分Ｐ１Ｐ２’と線分Ｐ３’Ｐ４’が平行となることから、λ２、λ３、λ４は数式３の条件を満たす。

次に、線分Ｐ１Ｐ４’と線分Ｐ２’Ｐ３’の長さが等しくなるためにλ２、λ３、λ４が満たすべき条件は数式４によって表される。

線分Ｐ１Ｐ２の中点と線分Ｐ３Ｐ４の中点を通りＺ軸に平行な平面が原点Ｏを通る場合、数式４の左辺が０となる。この場合は屋根平面の傾きを求めることが出来ない。以下、４点Ｐ１、Ｐ２、Ｐ３、Ｐ４がこのような位置関係に無い場合について考える。
数式３によりλ２、（λ３／λ４）の値は定数として求まっているので、数式４はλ４についての２次方程式と見ることが出来る。方程式が重解を持つ場合は、この解により四角形Ｐ１Ｐ２’Ｐ３’Ｐ４’は長方形となる。方程式が異なる２つの解を持つ場合は、一方の解により四角形Ｐ１Ｐ２’Ｐ３’Ｐ４’は等脚台形となり、もう一方の解により四角形Ｐ１Ｐ２’Ｐ３’Ｐ４’は平行四辺形となる。この場合は、四角形Ｐ１Ｐ２’Ｐ３’Ｐ４’の形状が四角形Ｒ１Ｒ２Ｒ３Ｒ４の形状と同じである方の解をλ４の値として用いる。以上により、λ２、λ３、λ４の値が求まるので、四角形Ｐ１Ｐ２’Ｐ３’Ｐ４’の４頂点の座標が決まる。四角形Ｐ１Ｐ２’Ｐ３’Ｐ４’は屋根平面と平行な平面上にある四角形であるので、屋根平面の傾きが得られる。
以上の数式３、４により、屋根平面の傾きが自動計算され、メモリに保存される。In the process of “calculating a plane equation and obtaining an orthopedic shape of an isosceles trapezoid”, a method of calculating the tilt is described in order to obtain an orthopedic shape of an isosceles trapezoid from the tilt of the plane including the isosceles trapezoid. Let the focal length of the lens be f. As shown in FIG. 10, the isosceles trapezoidal shape on the roof plane is a quadrangle R1R2R3R4 in which the line segment R1R2 and the line segment R3R4 are parallel, and four points R1, R2, R3, R4 are projected on the captured image. Are P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively. The coordinates of the four points P1, P2, P3, and P4 are determined as in Equation 1.

The points obtained by extending the three points P2, P3, and P4 by λ2, λ3, and λ4 starting from the origin O are defined as P2 ′, P3 ′, and P4 ′, respectively. The coordinates of the three points P2 ′, P3 ′, and P4 ′ are as shown in Equation 2.

Λ2, λ3, and λ4 are obtained such that the quadrangle P1P2′P3′P4 ′ is on a plane parallel to the roof plane and is similar to the quadrangle R1R2R3R4.
First, since the line segment P1P2 ′ and the line segment P3′P4 ′ are parallel, λ2, λ3, and λ4 satisfy the condition of Equation 3.

Next, since the lengths of the line segment P1P4 ′ and the line segment P2′P3 ′ are equal, the condition to be satisfied by λ2, λ3, and λ4 is expressed by Expression 4.

When a plane that passes through the midpoint of the line segment P1P2 and the midpoint of the line segment P3P4 and is parallel to the Z axis passes through the origin O, the left side of Equation 4 is zero. In this case, the inclination of the roof plane cannot be obtained. Hereinafter, a case where the four points P1, P2, P3, and P4 are not in such a positional relationship will be considered.
Since the values of λ2 and (λ3 / λ4) are obtained as constants according to Equation 3, Equation 4 can be regarded as a quadratic equation for λ4. When the equation has multiple solutions, the quadrangle P1P2′P3′P4 ′ becomes a rectangle by this solution. When the equations have two different solutions, the quadrangle P1P2'P3'P4 'becomes an isosceles trapezoid by one solution, and the quadrangle P1P2'P3'P4' becomes a parallelogram by the other solution. In this case, the solution in which the shape of the quadrangle P1P2′P3′P4 ′ is the same as the shape of the quadrangle R1R2R3R4 is used as the value of λ4. As described above, since the values of λ2, λ3, and λ4 are obtained, the coordinates of the four vertices of the quadrangle P1P2′P3′P4 ′ are determined. Since the quadrangle P1P2′P3′P4 ′ is a quadrangle on a plane parallel to the roof plane, the inclination of the roof plane is obtained.
By the above formulas 3 and 4, the inclination of the roof plane is automatically calculated and stored in the memory.

Next, a method for obtaining the size of the isosceles trapezoid in the process of “calculating the distance formula and obtaining the size of the isosceles trapezoid” according to the distance between two points on the plane will be described. As shown in FIG. 11, the end points of a line segment that is on the roof plane and whose length is known are point S1 and point S2, and points S1 and S2 are projected on a plane passing through point P1 and parallel to the roof plane. Let them be point T1 and point T2, respectively. If the ratio of the line segment S1S2 and the line segment T1T2 is s, the points obtained by extending the four points P1, P2 ′, P3 ′, and P4 ′ by s times from the origin O are the same as the four points R1, R2, R3, and R4. The size of the isosceles trapezoidal shape R1R2R3R4 is obtained.
The size data of the isosceles trapezoidal shape obtained by the above method is stored in the memory.

Next, a method for obtaining the size of the isosceles trapezoid in the process of “calculating the distance formula and obtaining the size of the isosceles trapezoid” according to the distance from the camera to one point on the plane will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, a point on the roof plane whose distance has been measured by the laser range finder is a point S, and a point obtained by projecting the point S on a plane passing through the point P1 and parallel to the roof plane is a point T. Assuming that the ratio of the line segment OS to the line segment OT is s, four points P1, P2 ′, P3 ′, and P4 ′ starting from the origin O are extended by s times, and the points are the same as the four points R1, R2, R3, and R4. The size of the isosceles trapezoidal shape R1R2R3R4 is obtained.
Save the size data of the isosceles trapezoidal shape obtained by the above method in the memory

点Ｑ１と点Ｐ１、点Ｑ２と点Ｐ２、点Ｑ３と点Ｐ３、点Ｑ４と点Ｐ４がそれぞれ対応することから、ａ１、ａ２、ａ３、ａ４、ａ５、ａ６、ａ７、ａ８は数式６を満たす。

数式６の両辺に、左辺の正方行列の逆行列を左から掛けることにより、射影変換の係数ａ１、ａ２、ａ３、ａ４、ａ５、ａ６、ａ７、ａ８が求まる。
オルソ画像の画素に対応する撮影画像の画素の座標を、数式５を用いて計算すると、座標が整数値になるとは限らない。従って、最近傍補間や線形補間のような補間処理により、オルソ画像の画素値を求める。Next, a description will be given of a method of correcting an image photographed by the imaging means to an ortho image from the coordinate values of the four vertices of the isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape by the process of “ortho-imaging the entire image”.
By the above method, the coordinates of the four vertices of the isosceles trapezoidal shape R1R2R3R4 are calculated and stored in the memory. From the coordinates of these vertices, the length l of the line segment R1R2, the length u of the line segment R3R4, and the height h of the isosceles trapezoid are obtained. In order to obtain an ortho image, four points Q1 (−l / 2, −h / 2), Q2 (l / 2, −h / 2), Q3 (u / 2) forming an isosceles trapezoid on the ortho image are obtained. h / 2), Q4 (−u / 2, h / 2) and projective transformation for associating the four points P1, P2, P3, and P4 on the captured image may be obtained.
The projective transformation that gives the point (x, y) on the captured image corresponding to the point (X, Y) on the ortho image is generally expressed by using real numbers a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8. It is expressed as 5.

Since point Q1 and point P1, point Q2 and point P2, point Q3 and point P3, and point Q4 and point P4 correspond to each other, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, and a8 satisfy Expression 6. .

By multiplying both sides of Equation 6 by the inverse matrix of the square matrix of the left side from the left, the projective transformation coefficients a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8 are obtained.
When the coordinates of the pixel of the photographed image corresponding to the pixel of the ortho image are calculated using Equation 5, the coordinates are not always an integer value. Therefore, the pixel value of the ortho image is obtained by interpolation processing such as nearest neighbor interpolation or linear interpolation.

  Example 1 A method for photographing a roof by placing a ruler for measuring the distance between two points on a roof having an isosceles trapezoidal shape will be described. First, put a ruler in the center of the roof. Next, the height imaging & measurement system shown in FIG. 3 is stood slightly diagonally at the roof facing position, while checking with the image monitor of the imaging means at hand, while changing the orientation of the imaging means with the pan & tilt device, In addition, the position of the system is adjusted so that the entire roof falls within the angle of view, the entire roof is placed within the angle of view, and the image is taken with the camera remote shutter. The shooting situation is shown in FIG.

Example 2: A method of measuring the distance from an imaging means to a point on a building plane on a roof having an isosceles trapezoidal shape and a method of photographing the roof will be described.
First, the height imaging & measurement system shown in FIG. 3 is slightly tilted with respect to the roof facing position, while checking on the image monitor of the imaging means at hand, while changing the orientation of the imaging means with the pan & tilt device, and The position of the system is adjusted so that the entire roof falls within the angle of view, the entire roof is brought into the angle of view, the image is taken with the camera remote shutter, and the measurement is performed with the remote switch for the laser range finder. The shooting situation is shown in FIG.

  The present invention can be applied to a measurement support apparatus that measures the dimensions of a building having an isosceles trapezoidal shape, a roof that is a part of the building, a wall, and the like.

1: Laser distance measuring device 2: Imaging means 3: Pan & tilt device 4: Image monitor for imaging means 5: Remote shutter for imaging means 6: Remote switch for laser distance measuring device 7: Controller for pan & tilt device 8: Pan & tilt device Tilt device cable 9: Laser distance measuring cable 10: Imaging means remote shutter cable 11: Imaging means Image monitoring cable 12: Pole

Claims (11)

In a measuring device for measuring a building having at least an isosceles trapezoidal part,
Imaging means having a predetermined focal length;
Holding means for holding the imaging means at a height corresponding to the height of the building;
Means for displaying an isosceles trapezoidal shape of a building photographed by the imaging means;
Means for determining the four vertices of the displayed isosceles trapezoidal shape and obtaining coordinates thereof;
Means for specifying a distance between two points on a plane including the isosceles trapezoidal shape, or a distance from an imaging means to one point on the plane;
Means for determining the shape of the building from the coordinates of the four vertices and the focal length;
An apparatus for measuring a building comprising: a unit for obtaining a size of a building from a distance between two points on the plane or a distance from an imaging unit to one point on the plane. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the imaging unit having a predetermined focal length has a function of outputting a captured image and focal length data at the time of shooting. 2. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for specifying the distance between the two points has a ruler whose length is specified, and the imaging means includes a camera, a pan and tilt device, a remote shutter, an image. It has a monitor, and the holding means has a pole for attaching the camera to a high place. 2. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the means for specifying the distance from the imaging means to one point on the plane is a laser range finder, a laser range finder remote switch, and directions of the imaging means and the laser range finder. And a pan / tilt device with a common stay mechanism, the image pickup means has a camera, a remote shutter, and an image monitor. It has the pole attached to. 2. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape is obtained from two conditions: a predetermined focal length of the imaging means and two sides of the isosceles trapezoid are parallel to each other, and the lengths of both legs are equal. It has the means. 6. The measuring apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the means for obtaining the size of the building is an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape obtained by means for obtaining an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape and a distance between the two points or an imaging means. The size of the building is obtained from the distance to one point on the building plane. 6. The measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the means for obtaining the orthopedic shape of the isosceles trapezoid is an isosceles trapezoid, a parallelogram, a square in which a pair of opposite sides are parallel and the other pair of opposite sides are equal in length. It can be applied to any of rectangular shapes. The measurement device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein an image photographed by the imaging means is converted into an ortho image from the coordinate values of the four vertices of the isosceles trapezoid ortho shape obtained by the means for obtaining an orthopedic trapezoid ortho shape. It includes a means for correcting. In a method for measuring the size of a building having at least an isosceles trapezoidal portion by an imaging means having a predetermined focal length,
Holding the imaging means at a height corresponding to the height of the building;
Photograph the isosceles trapezoidal part of the building and display it on the display means.
Specify the four vertices of the displayed isosceles trapezoidal shape, find its coordinates,
Specify the distance between two points on the plane including the isosceles trapezoidal shape, or the distance from the imaging means to one point on the plane;
Find the shape of the building from the coordinates of the four vertices and the focal length,
A method for measuring a building, wherein the size of the building is obtained from a distance between two points on the plane or a distance from an imaging means to one point on the plane. 10. The measurement method according to claim 9, wherein an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape is obtained from two conditions: a predetermined focal length of the imaging means and two sides of the isosceles trapezoid are parallel to each other, and the lengths of both legs are equal. Method. The building measurement method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein an image photographed by an imaging means is obtained from the coordinate values of the four vertices of an isosceles trapezoidal ortho shape obtained by a method for obtaining an orthopedic trapezoidal ortho shape. How to correct the image.

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