JP6169216B1 - Rotating electric machine for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to realize a simple structure of a protective cover having both an air introduction function and a waterproof function, and to ensure a cooling property and a waterproof property of a heat-generating component arranged outward in the axial direction of a housing. A rotating electrical machine for a vehicle is obtained. A protective cover includes a cylindrical peripheral wall portion that surrounds an outer peripheral portion of an inverter assembly, and a bottom portion that is opposed to one side in the axial direction of the inverter assembly. And is configured as a single plate without a ventilation hole, and is mounted on one side in the axial direction of the housing so as to cover the inverter assembly, and at least a part of the other open end of the peripheral wall portion is the above-mentioned The air introduction part 35 is formed apart from the housing when the fan is driven. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine for a vehicle such as an electric motor or a generator, and in particular, protects heat-generating components such as a rectifier and a brush device arranged outward in the axial direction of a housing incorporating a stator and a rotor. This relates to the structure of the cover.

  In the conventional first rotating electrical machine, the stator is fixed so as to be sandwiched between the front bracket and the rear bracket, and the rotor is rotatably supported by the front bracket and the rear bracket, so that the inner peripheral side of the stator The rectifier circuit and the brush device are arranged outside the rear bracket in the axial direction, and the bottomed cylindrical rear cover is attached to the rear bracket so as to cover the rectifier circuit and the brush device. And many intake holes for introducing outside air are formed in the bottom wall and peripheral wall of a rear cover (for example, refer patent document 1).

  Further, in the conventional second rotating electrical machine, the stator, the rotor disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator, the stator and the rotor are held, and the cooling air discharge window is formed on the side portion. A front housing and a rear housing, and waterproof covers disposed on the outer peripheral sides of these housings. The waterproof cover has a plurality of ventilation holes formed at an inclination angle different from the inclination angle of the cooling air discharge window. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

International Publication No. 2011/148825 JP-A-2005-143152

  In the conventional first rotating electric machine, a large number of air intake holes are formed in the rear cover, so that when the cooling fan attached to the rotor is driven, outside air is effectively transferred from the air intake holes into the rear cover and the rear bracket. It was introduced and used to cool the heat generating parts. However, when the conventional first rotating electrical machine is mounted on a vehicle, muddy water splashed up by the tire enters through the intake holes and adheres to the heat-generating parts in the rear cover to promote corrosion of the electrical parts. There was also a problem of causing abnormal wear of the brush.

  In the conventional second rotating electrical machine, the inclination angle of the ventilation opening formed in the waterproof cover and the cooling air discharge window formed on the side of the housing is made different, and the intrusion from the ventilation opening occurs due to the jumping up of the tire, etc. The muddy water was prevented from entering the housing from the cooling air discharge window. However, since the conventional second rotating electrical machine requires a waterproof cover separately, there is a problem that the number of parts and the number of assembling steps increase, and the cost increases.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem, and a protective cover having both an air introduction function and a waterproof function is realized with a simple configuration, and the heat generation is arranged axially outward of the housing. An object of the present invention is to obtain an inexpensive vehicular rotating electrical machine that can ensure cooling and waterproofing of parts.

  A rotating electrical machine for a vehicle according to the present invention includes a rotor fixed to a rotating shaft supported by a housing and rotatably disposed in the housing, and a stator held by the housing so as to surround the rotor. And a motor unit having a fan fixed to one end in the axial direction of the rotor, a rectifier module for performing power conversion between DC power and AC power, a field module for controlling field current, and the rectifier module; A control module for controlling the operation of the field module; and the rectifier module; the field module and the control module are mounted on one surface side; With one end of the projecting rotating shaft positioned in the center hole, one side of the heat sink faces one side in the axial direction. An inverter assembly disposed on one side of the housing in the axial direction, a slinger portion disposed so as to surround an end portion of the rotating shaft protruding from the housing toward the one side in the axial direction, and radially outward from the slinger portion A brush holder disposed in the center hole of the heat sink, a brush mounted on the holder section so as to be slidable on a slip ring mounted on an end of the rotating shaft, A protective cover mounted on one side of the housing in the axial direction so as to cover the inverter assembly, and the protective cover includes a cylindrical peripheral wall portion surrounding an outer peripheral portion of the inverter assembly, and a One side opening, and a bottom portion facing the one side in the axial direction of the inverter assembly, and is configured as a single plate without ventilation holes, At least a portion of the other side opening end of the serial peripheral wall portion is spaced from the said housing at the time of driving of the fan, it constitutes an air introduction portion.

  According to this invention, the protective cover mounted on one side in the axial direction of the housing so as to cover the inverter assembly is configured as a single plate without a ventilation hole. Therefore, there is no intrusion of muddy water or the like splashed up by the tire into the protective cover, and corrosion of the electrical components in the protective cover can be prevented. In addition, since at least a part of the other side opening end of the peripheral wall portion is separated from the housing and constitutes an air introduction portion when the fan is driven, air is introduced into the protective cover by driving the fan, Provided for cooling. As described above, a protective cover having both cooling performance and water discharge capability can be realized with a simple configuration, and the cost can be reduced.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotary electric machine for vehicles which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the surroundings of the projection part of the rotary electric machine for vehicles which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 1 is a rear side end view showing a vehicular rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a rotating electrical machine for a vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a vehicular rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing the vicinity of a protrusion of the vehicular rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 3 is a rear side end view showing the vehicular rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  1 to 3, the vehicular rotating electrical machine 100 includes a motor unit 110 and an inverter assembly 120.

  The motor unit 110 includes a housing 1 composed of a substantially bowl-shaped metal front bracket 2 and rear bracket 3, and a rotary shaft rotatably supported by the front bracket 2 and the rear bracket 3 via bearings 8 and 9. The rotor 5 fixed to the housing 4 and disposed inside the housing 1 is sandwiched between the front bracket 2 and the rear bracket 3 from both sides in the axial direction, surrounds the rotor 5, and is coaxial with the rotating shaft 4. A stator 10 held by the housing 1, a pulley 13 that is fixed to an end of a rotating shaft 4 protruding from the front bracket 2, and receives a torque bidirectionally with the internal combustion engine, and a rotating shaft protruding from the rear bracket 3 A pair of slip rings 14 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion 4 for supplying a field current to the field winding 7 of the rotor 5, and a pair of slip rings 14 held by a brush holder 15. It comprises a pair of brushes 16 sliding on Ppuringu 14, a magnetic pole position detecting sensor 19 for detecting the rotational state of the rotor 5, a.

The rotor 5 includes a field iron core 6 and a field winding 7 disposed in the field iron core 6, and is fixed to the rotary shaft 4 inserted at the axial center position of the field iron core 6. The housing 1 is rotatably arranged. The fans 17 and 18 are fixed to both end surfaces of the field core 6 in the axial direction.
The stator 10 includes an annular stator core 11 and a stator winding 12 attached to the stator core 11.

  The magnetic pole position detection sensor 19 includes a sensor rotor 19a disposed coaxially with the rotation shaft 4 between the bearing 9 of the rotation shaft 4 and the slip ring 14, and a sensor stator 19b disposed so as to surround the sensor rotor 19a. The magnetic pole position of the rotor 5 is detected.

  The inverter assembly 120 is configured to control a field current, and a rectifier module 20 configured by combining switching elements for supplying a stator current during driving and rectifying the stator current during power generation together with peripheral circuits thereof. The switching element is made of a field module 21 configured with its peripheral circuit together with a center hole 22a using a highly heat conductive metal material such as copper or aluminum, and formed into a flat plate having a substantially rectangular outer shape. The heat sink 22 in which the rectifier module 20 and the field module 21 are mounted on one surface via an insulating layer (not shown), and the terminal connected to the power system terminals of the rectifier module 20 and the field module 21 are insert-molded. Case 23 made of electrically insulating resin, rectifier module 20 and field module 21 And a control module 24 which control circuit is configured for controlling the operation, the. And the radiation fin 22b is erected on the other surface of the heat sink 22. Further, the sensor stator 19 b of the magnetic pole position detection sensor 19 is attached to the heat sink 22, and the signal line of the magnetic pole position detection sensor 19 is connected to the control module 24.

  A case 23 is mounted on one surface of the heat sink 22 so as to surround the rectifier module 20, the field module 21, and the control module 24. Then, one end of the terminal 23a insert-molded in the case 23 is joined to the AC output terminal 20a of the rectifier module 20 by welding. A waterproof resin 25 is filled in the case 23, and the rectifier module 20, the field module 21, the control module 24, and the electrical connection portion are waterproofed.

  Although not shown, the connecting board 26 is formed by insert-molding a terminal for connecting the lead wire of the stator winding 12 and the rectifier module 20, and is fixed to the outer side in the axial direction of the rear bracket 3 with a screw 38. ing. Then, the lead wire is drawn out from the rear bracket 3 in the axial direction and joined to one end of the terminal by welding or the like.

  The brush holder 15 includes a cylindrical slinger portion 15a and a holder portion 15b that protrudes radially outward from the slinger portion 15a. The brush holder 15 is disposed in the center hole 22a of the heat sink 22 through the rotating shaft 4 in the slinger portion 15a, and is fixed to the heat sink 22 with screws. The brush 16 is attached to the holder portion 15b and is slidable on the slip ring.

  The inverter assembly 120 has the axial direction of the rear bracket 3 such that one surface of the heat sink 22 is directed outward in the axial direction, the rotating shaft 4 is passed through the center hole 22a, and the one surface of the heat sink 22 is orthogonal to the rotating shaft 4. The heat sink 22 is fixed to the boss 3c that is disposed outside and protrudes outward in the axial direction from the rear bracket 3 with a screw 37. Therefore, the other end of the terminal insert-molded on the connecting board 26 is fixed with a screw to the other end of the terminal 23a insert-molded on the case 23 and is electrically connected. Furthermore, the output terminal bolt 27 is electrically connected to a bus bar (not shown) that is insert-molded in the case 23 with the nut 28 tightened and connected to the positive terminal of the rectifier module 20. An insulating cap 29 is fastened and fixed by a nut 28 to insulate and protect the electrical connection portion between the output terminal bolt 27 and the bus bar.

  The protective cover 30 is a resin molded body configured as a single plate having no ventilation holes, and has a bottomed cylinder including a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 31 and a bottom portion 32 that closes one side opening of the peripheral wall portion 31. It is made into a shape. At least a partial region in the circumferential direction of the peripheral wall portion 31 is formed in an opening shape. Further, the protrusion 33 is formed in an opening shape at the center position of the inner wall surface of the bottom 32. Further, a plurality of thick portions 34 are formed in the circumferential direction so as to protrude from the outer peripheral portion of the protrusion 33 on the inner wall surface of the bottom portion 32. The output terminal bolt 27 penetrates the bottom portion 32 and protrudes outward in the axial direction, but the insulating cap 29 fastened and fixed by the nut 28 blocks the penetration portion of the bottom portion 32 of the output terminal bolt 27. doing. Therefore, the protective cover 30 can be regarded as a resin molded body composed of a single plate having no ventilation holes.

  The protective cover 30 configured in this manner is mounted on the outer side in the axial direction of the rear bracket 3 so as to accommodate the inverter assembly 120 therein, and is fastened and fixed to the rear bracket 3 with screws 39. And the protrusion part 33 inserts the holder part 15b of the brush holder 15 in a notch part (not shown), and surrounds the front end side of the slinger part 15a of the brush holder 15. Further, the position of the opening end of the peripheral wall portion 31 in the axial direction substantially coincides with the rear side outer end surface of the rear bracket 3. Further, a gap is formed between the opening portion of the peripheral wall portion 31 and the rear bracket 3. The gap between the opening portion of the peripheral wall portion 31 and the rear bracket 3 becomes the air introduction portion 35 when the fan 18 is driven.

Next, the operation of the vehicular rotating electrical machine 100 configured as described above will be described.
The vehicular rotating electrical machine 100 is connected to an engine crankshaft (not shown) via a pulley 13 and a belt (not shown). A positive electrode of a battery (not shown) is connected to the terminal bolt. Further, the front bracket 2 and the rear bracket 3 are grounded and held at the ground potential. The control module 24 controls the field module 21 to adjust the field current that flows through the field winding 7 of the rotor 5. The vehicular rotating electrical machine 100 has an electric function for starting the engine and an electric function for power generation.

  Here, when the engine is started, DC power is supplied from the battery to the rectifier module 20 via the output terminal bolt 27. And the control module 24 performs ON / OFF control of the switching element of the rectifier module 20, and DC power is converted into three-phase AC power. This three-phase AC power is supplied to the stator winding 12. Then, a rotating magnetic field is applied to the field winding 7 of the rotor 5 to which the field current is supplied by the field module 21, and the rotor 5 is rotationally driven. The rotational torque of the rotor 5 is transmitted to the engine via the rotating shaft 4, the pulley 13 and the belt, and the engine is ignited and started.

  On the other hand, when the engine is started, the rotational torque of the engine is transmitted to the vehicular rotating electrical machine 100 via the crankshaft, the belt and the pulley 13. Thereby, the rotor 5 is rotated and a three-phase AC voltage is induced in the stator winding 12. Therefore, the control module 24 performs ON / OFF control of the switching element of the rectifier module 20, converts the three-phase AC power induced in the stator winding 12 into DC power, and supplies the DC power to the battery or the electric load.

  Further, the signal output of the magnetic pole position detection sensor 19 is sent to the control module 24, used for detecting the rotational position of the rotor 5, and used as control information at the time of power generation operation and engine start operation of the vehicular rotating electrical machine 100. The

  Further, the fans 17 and 18 rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the rotor 5, the air in the housing 1 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust holes 2 b and 3 b, and the inside of the housing 1 becomes negative pressure. Thereby, on the front side, air flows into the front bracket 2 from the intake hole 2a. The air that has flowed into the front bracket 2 is bent in the centrifugal direction by the fan 17 to cool the coil end of the stator winding 12, and is then discharged to the outside through the exhaust hole 2b.

  On the other hand, on the rear side, air is introduced into the protective cover 30 from the air introduction portion 35. A part of the air introduced into the protective cover 30 flows inward in the radial direction along the radiation fins 22b provided upright on the other surface of the heat sink 22. Therefore, heat generated by the heat generating component mounted on the heat sink 22 is radiated to the air flowing along the heat radiating fins 22b.

  Further, the remaining air introduced into the protective cover 30 flows radially inward along the inner wall surface of the protective cover 30 and then passes through the center hole 22a of the heat sink 22 in the axial direction toward the rear bracket 3 side. Flowing. Therefore, heat generated by the heat generating component mounted on the heat sink 22 is radiated to the air flowing along the inner wall surface of the protective cover 30. Furthermore, heat generated at the sliding portion between the brush 16 and the slip ring 14 is radiated to the air passing through the center hole 22a.

  The air that has flowed axially toward the rear bracket 3 through the center hole 22a merges with the air that has flowed radially inward along the end surface of the rear bracket 3, and from the intake hole 3a to the rear bracket 3 Flows in. The air flowing into the rear bracket 3 is bent in the centrifugal direction by the fan 18, cools the coil end of the stator winding 12, and then is discharged to the outside through the exhaust hole 3 b.

  In the vehicular rotating electrical machine 100 configured as described above, since the inverter assembly 120 is resin-sealed, the rectifier module 20, the field module 21, the control module 24, and the electrical connection connected before the resin sealing. The part is insulated and protected. However, an electrical connection made after resin sealing, for example, an electrical connection between a terminal 23 a connected to the AC output terminal 20 a of the rectifier module 20 and a terminal insert-molded on the connecting board 26, or an insert on the connecting board 26 The electrical connection between the molded terminal and the lead wire of the stator winding 12 is not insulated and protected. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures against water on such an electrical connection portion that is not insulated and protected. Furthermore, if muddy water or the like enters the sliding portion between the slip ring 14 and the brush 16, abnormal wear of the brush 16 is caused, so that it is necessary to take measures against the sliding portion between the slip ring 14 and the brush 16.

  According to the first embodiment, the protective cover 30 closes the cylindrical peripheral wall portion 31 that surrounds the outer peripheral portion of the inverter assembly 120 and the one side opening of the peripheral wall portion 31. And a bottom portion 32 facing the side, and is configured as a single plate having no ventilation holes. Therefore, the intrusion of muddy water into the protective cover 30 due to the jumping up of the tire or the like is prevented. Thereby, it is not necessary to attach a new waterproof cover, the number of parts and the number of assembly steps can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. Further, it is not necessary to change the protective cover 30 every time the vehicle is exposed to water, and the cost can be reduced.

  In addition, the muddy water adheres to the electrical connection portion of the inverter assembly 120 and the electrical connection portion corrodes, or the muddy water adheres to the sliding portion between the slip ring 14 and the brush 16 and the brush 16 is abnormally worn. The occurrence of such a situation is suppressed. Moreover, since the ventilation hole is not provided in the protective cover 30, the intensity | strength of the protective cover 30 can be raised.

  Further, at least a part of the opening end of the peripheral wall portion 31 is separated from the rear bracket 3 to constitute the air introduction portion 35 when the fan 18 is driven. Therefore, when the fan 18 is driven, air is introduced into the protective cover 30 from the air introduction portion 35 between the opening end of the peripheral wall portion 31 and the rear bracket 3. The heat generating component can be effectively cooled.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the protective cover 30 having both cooling performance and water discharge capability can be realized with a simple configuration, and the cost can be reduced.

Further, the region of the peripheral wall portion 31 that reaches the opening end of the peripheral wall portion 31 constituting the air introduction portion 35 is formed in an opening shape, that is, an inclined surface that gradually displaces radially outward toward the other side in the axial direction. Therefore, foreign matter or the like is less likely to accumulate on the inner wall surface of the peripheral wall portion 31. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the cooling performance due to the air introduction part 35 being narrowed.
Since the thick portion 34 is formed on the bottom portion 32, the strength of the protective cover 30 can be increased without increasing the thickness of the protective cover 30 as a whole.

A cylindrical projection 33 that surrounds one end of the slinger portion 15 a in the axial direction is formed on the inner wall surface of the bottom portion 32. Therefore, even if muddy water enters the protective cover 30, descends along the inner wall surface of the bottom portion 32, and reaches the center portion of the bottom portion 32, the muddy water flows on the outer circumferential surface of the projection portion 33 in the circumferential direction. Therefore, intrusion of muddy water into the sliding portion between the slip ring 14 and the brush 16 is prevented.
Further, since the cylindrical projection 33 is formed in an opening shape toward the rear bracket 3, the muddy water that reaches the projection 33 and flows to the opening end side of the projection 33 is It is returned to the root portion side by the inclination of 33. Therefore, the muddy water is prevented from flowing out to the opening end side of the protrusion 33, and the muddy water is reliably prevented from entering the sliding portion between the slip ring 14 and the brush 16.

In the first embodiment, the protective cover is made of resin, but the protective cover may be made of metal.
In the first embodiment, the axial position of the opening end of the peripheral wall portion substantially coincides with the rear-side outer end surface of the rear bracket 3, but the axial position of the opening end of the peripheral wall portion is the inverter assembly. It suffices if it is located closer to the rear bracket.
In the first embodiment, the vehicular generator motor is described. However, the present invention has the same effect even when applied to a vehicular rotating electrical machine such as a vehicular motor or a vehicular generator.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Housing, 4 Rotating shaft, 5 Rotor, 10 Stator, 15 Brush holder, 15a Slinger part, 15b Holder part, 16 Brush, 18 Fan, 20 Rectifier module, 21 Field module, 22 Heat sink, 22a Center hole, 24 Control module, 30 protective cover, 31 peripheral wall part, 32 bottom part, 33 projection part, 34 thick part, 35 air introduction part, 110 motor part, 120 inverter assembly.

Claims (4)

A rotor fixed to a rotating shaft supported by the housing and rotatably disposed in the housing, a stator held by the housing so as to surround the rotor, and one axial end of the rotor A motor unit having a fan fixed to
A rectifier module that performs power conversion between DC power and AC power, a field module that controls field current, a control module that controls the operation of the rectifier module and the field module, the rectifier module, and the field In a state where the module and the control module are mounted on one surface side and have a heat sink having a center hole, and the end of the rotating shaft protruding from the housing in the axial direction is located in the center hole, An inverter assembly disposed on one side in the axial direction of the housing with one side of the heat sink facing one side in the axial direction;
A slinger portion disposed so as to surround an end portion of the rotating shaft projecting axially from the housing, and a holder portion projecting radially outward from the slinger portion; A brush holder arranged in
A brush attached to the holder portion so as to be slidable on a slip ring attached to an end of the rotating shaft;
A protective cover mounted on one side of the housing in the axial direction so as to cover the inverter assembly,
The protective cover includes a cylindrical peripheral wall that surrounds the outer periphery of the inverter assembly, and a bottom that closes one side opening of the peripheral wall and faces one side in the axial direction of the inverter assembly. The vehicular rotating electrical machine is configured as a single plate without a ventilation hole, and at least a part of the other opening end of the peripheral wall portion is separated from the housing, and constitutes an air introduction portion when the fan is driven .   The region of the peripheral wall portion that reaches the other opening end of the peripheral wall portion that constitutes the air introduction portion is formed on an inclined surface that is gradually displaced radially outward toward the other side in the axial direction. The rotating electrical machine for vehicles as described.   The rotating electrical machine for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical projection that surrounds one end side in the axial direction of the slinger portion is formed on an inner wall surface of the bottom portion.   The rotating electrical machine for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a thick portion is formed at the bottom portion.

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