JP6165128B2 - Hardness tester for wood and wood materials - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, the penetration pin can be driven into the wood and the wood material to be measured with a force of a predetermined magnitude, and when the force of the predetermined magnitude is applied to the penetration pin, The present invention relates to a hardness tester capable of diagnosing the degree of decay of the measurement object at the driving location from the amount of penetration of the penetrating pin.

  As a hardness tester for measuring the volume density of an object to be measured through the amount of displacement of a spring when a predetermined amount of needle-like penetrator is driven into the object to be measured, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this patent document 1, a spring is interposed between the shaft front end of the shaft-shaped main body portion and the rear end of the second support body that supports the shaft rear end side of the shaft-shaped main body portion. The shaped penetrator is provided at the shaft front end of the shaft-shaped main portion.

JP 2011-33523 A

  The main problem to be solved by the present invention is that the penetrating pin can be easily and surely driven into the measuring object with a predetermined amount of force, and the amount of penetration of the penetrating pin into the measuring object by the driving is as follows. Therefore, the degree of decay of the measurement target can be easily and reliably diagnosed.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, from the first aspect, a hardness tester for wood and wood material, a cylindrical case having one end part in contact with a measurement object, and a push A member and a penetrating pin that can be projected from the abutting portion of the cylindrical case by pressing the pressing member;
The penetrating pin and the pressing member are linked by a spring member interposed therebetween, and when the pressing force reaches a predetermined magnitude by the spring member, the penetrating pin support portion and the pressing member are pressed. The contact with the member is allowed. In this case, when the pushing force reaches a specific value in a range of 50 N or more and 300 N or less, it is preferable that the contact between the penetrating pin and the pushing member is allowed. Is done.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, from a second viewpoint, a hardness tester for wood and wood material, a cylindrical case having one end part as a contact part to a measurement object, and A pressing member and a penetrating pin that can be projected from the abutting portion of the cylindrical case by pressing the pressing member,
The penetrating pin and the pressing member are linked by a spring member interposed between them in advance, and compression of the spring member is started when the pressing force reaches a predetermined magnitude. It was supposed to be like this. In this case, the push member includes an inner push member and an outer push member, and the penetrating pin and the inner push member are linked together by a spring member that is pre-compressed between the two and the inner push member. The push member and the outer push member are linked via an elastic member, and the linkage between the inner push member and the outer push member is released by elastic deformation of the elastic member triggered by the compression of the spring member. This is one preferred embodiment. Further, in this case, it is a preferable aspect that the compression of the spring member is started when the pushing force reaches a specific value in the range of 50N to 300N.

Moreover, in order to achieve the said subject, in this invention, from the 3rd viewpoint, the cylindrical case which made the one end part the contact part to a measuring object, the pushing member, and the pushing of the said pushing member A penetration pin that can project from the abutting portion of the cylindrical case,
The penetration pin and the pressing member are linked by a gas spring interposed therebetween, and the compression of the gas spring is started when the pushing force reaches a predetermined magnitude. I was supposed to. In this case, the gas spring and the push member are linked via an elastic member, and the linkage is released by elastic deformation of the elastic member triggered by compression of the gas spring. This is one of the preferred embodiments. Further, in this case, it is a preferable aspect that the compression of the gas spring is started when the pushing force reaches a specific value in the range of 50N to 300N.

  Moreover, in each said hardness tester, it is set as one of the preferable aspects to equip the said cylindrical case with the opening part which can visually recognize the moving amount | distance of the said penetration pin from the outside. Moreover, in each said hardness tester, it is set as one of the preferable aspects to equip the said pushing member side with the scale which can visually recognize the movement amount of the said penetration pin from the outside.

  According to this invention, the penetration pin can be easily and reliably driven into the measurement object with a predetermined force, and the amount of penetration of the penetration pin into the measurement object due to this implantation can be reduced. The degree can be easily and reliably diagnosed.

FIG. 1 is a perspective configuration diagram of a hardness tester (first example) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the first example. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the first example, and shows a state where the driving force of the penetrating pin into the measurement object reaches a predetermined magnitude. FIG. 4 is a perspective configuration diagram of a hardness tester (second example) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the second example. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a hardness tester (third example) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective configuration diagram of a hardness tester (fourth example) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the fourth example. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a hardness tester (fifth example) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the fifth example, and FIG. 10 (a) shows a state immediately before the driving force of the penetrating pin into the measurement object reaches a predetermined force. (D) shows the state when the driving force of the penetrating pin to the measurement object reaches a predetermined magnitude, respectively, and the elastic deformation of the elastic member is performed in the order of (c) and (d) in the figure. Progressing. FIG. 11 is a perspective configuration diagram of a hardness tester (sixth example) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the sixth example. FIG. 13 is a side view of the main part showing another example of the configuration of the penetration pin.

  Hereinafter, typical embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The wood and wood material hardness tester E according to this embodiment enables the penetration pin 1 to be driven into the wood and wood material to be measured W with a force of a predetermined size. It is used for diagnosing the degree of decay of the measurement target W at the driving location from the amount of penetration of the penetration pin 1 into the measurement target W when a force is applied to the penetration pin 1.

  The measurement object W typically includes a wooden structure, for example, a structural material constituting a building, a wooden bridge, a wooden playground equipment, or the like.

  The amount of penetration of the penetrating pin 1 when the penetrating pin 1 is driven into a specific type of wood and wood material with a predetermined force is measured in advance for each degree of decay of the driving location. If so, the hardness tester E according to this embodiment makes it possible to easily and reliably perform deterioration diagnosis of the structural material using the specific type of wood and wood material.

Examples of the data are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Using a steel penetrating pin 1 having a diameter of 2.5 mm and a length of 70 mm, an autograph manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation (Autograph is a registered trademark of Shimadzu Corporation) AG-5000 desktop universal testing machine It penetrated into the measuring object W at 40 mm / min, and the penetration amount and the load were measured. Table 1 targets Batesga, and Table 2 targets cedar. In Tables 1 and 2, the value on the vertical axis is the driving load of the penetrating pin 1, and the value on the horizontal axis is the penetrating amount of the penetrating pin 1. In Tables 1 and 2, the thin solid line indicates data when the driving location is sound, the thick solid line indicates data when the driving location is slightly decayed, and the dotted line indicates that the driving location is very corrupt. Each data is shown as it progresses.

  When the penetration pin 1 is driven with a load of 50 N to 300 N, the penetration amount of the penetration pin 1 is very small when the implantation site is healthy, but the penetration amount gradually increases as the decay of the implantation site proceeds. Thus, it can be seen from the amount of penetration of the penetration pin 1 that the degree of decay of the driven-in portion can be diagnosed.

  On the other hand, if the driving load is increased, the penetration amount of the penetration pin 1 is increased even if the driving site is healthy, and the difference from the penetration amount when the driving site is decayed is reduced. In addition, it can be seen that when the driving load is set to less than 50 N, the difference in the amount of penetration depending on the degree of decay is less likely to occur, depending on the types of wood and wood material. Apart from this, when the driving load is set to exceed 300 N, it becomes difficult to perform the driving by manually operating the hardness tester E as described later.

  Therefore, in the hardness tester E according to this embodiment, a force of a predetermined magnitude for driving that is applied to the penetrating pin 1, that is, a pressing force of a pressing member described later is 50N or more and 300N or less. It is preferable that

  The penetration pin 1 is configured as a metal rod having a diameter of 1 mm to 5 mm. This is because, when the diameter exceeds 5 mm, it is recognized that the measurement object W is hardly driven.

  In the illustrated example, the penetrating pin 1 has a configuration in which the tip is the apex of the conical portion 1a, and a portion other than the conical portion 1a has a round bar shape with the same thickness as the bottom surface of the conical portion 1a. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the penetrating pin 1 may be configured such that the diameter of the portion other than the conical portion 1a is smaller than the diameter of the bottom surface of the conical portion 1a. In this case, after the penetrating pin 1 is driven to the measuring object W to the conical portion 1a, the penetrating pin 1 does not come into contact with the measuring object W except for the conical portion 1a even if the penetrating amount increases. The shape of the penetrating pin 1 can be prevented from affecting the diagnostic result as much as possible.

(First example)
1 to 3 show a first example of the hardness tester E. FIG. The hardness tester E of the first example includes a cylindrical case 2 in which one end portion (front end portion) on the protruding side of the penetrating pin 1 is a contact portion 2a to the measurement target W, the pressing member 3, and the pressing member A penetrating pin 1 that can project from the abutting portion 2a of the cylindrical case 2 by pressing the member 3 is provided. The penetrating pin 1 and the pressing member 3 are linked by a spring member 4 interposed therebetween. At the same time, when the pushing force reaches a predetermined magnitude by the spring member 4, the support portion 1b of the penetrating pin 1 and the pushing member 3 are allowed to come into contact with each other.

  The cylindrical case 2 has a cylindrical shape. The abutting portion 2 a is configured by an outer surface of an end cap 2 b that is screwed to the front end portion of the cylindrical case 2, and is a surface orthogonal to the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical case 2. A passage hole 2c of the penetrating pin 1 is formed along the cylinder axis at the center of the contact portion 2a. The diameter of the passage hole 2 c is substantially equal to the diameter of the penetration pin 1. In addition, the cylindrical case 2 is provided with a long hole 2d as an opening that allows the movement amount of the penetration pin 1 to be visually recognized from the outside. The long hole 2d is a slit formed in the side portion of the cylindrical case 2 along the cylindrical axis. A part of the support portion 1b of the penetrating pin 1 can be seen through the elongated hole 2d. A scale 2e is displayed on the outer surface of the side portion of the cylindrical case 2 and on the side of the long hole 2d. The scale 2e is used to move a part of the support portion 1b, that is, the penetration. The amount of penetration of pin 1 can be measured.

  The pushing member 3 is formed by combining a male screw body 30 and a nut body 31. The nut body 31 has a sleeve shape with a female screw 31a on the inside. The male screw body 30 is screwed onto the nut body 31, the inner end 30 a thereof is positioned in front of the inner end 31 b of the nut body 31, and the outer end 30 b is set to the outer end 31 c of the nut body 31. It is located behind. The outer end 30b of the male screw body 30 is fixed to the center of the disk-like body 30c. The nut body 31 has a thick outer diameter on the inner end 31b side, and has a circumferential step surface 31d facing the outer end 31c side. An inner flange 2 f is formed at the rear end of the cylindrical case 2, and the position where the circumferential step surface 31 d abuts against the inner flange 2 f is the pushing start position of the pressing member 3, and the nut body 31 The outer end 31 c is positioned outward of the rear end portion of the cylindrical case 2, and the outer end 30 b of the male screw body 30 and the disk-shaped body 30 c are positioned further rearward of the outer end 31 c of the nut body 31. When the male screw body 30 is screwed back and forth, the distance between the inner end 30a of the male screw body 30 and the inner end 31b of the nut body 31 changes.

  The penetration pin 1 has a base end opposite to the tip thereof fixed to the center of one surface side of the support portion 1b having a disk shape. The diameter of the support portion 1 b is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical case 2. Thereby, penetration pin 1 is supported so that movement along the cylinder axis of cylindrical case 2 is possible in two places, the above-mentioned passage hole 2c and support part 1b.

  The spring member 4 is a compression in which the front end of the spring is in contact with the other surface of the support portion 1b, the rear end of the spring is in contact with the inner end 31b of the nut body 31, and the male screw body 30 is positioned inside. It is a coil spring.

  From the state in which the tip of the penetrating pin 1 is located at the same position as the contact portion 2a (FIG. 2), the contact portion 2a is pressed against the measuring object W, and the palm-like body 30c is applied with a palm, The member 3 is pushed forward. As the pushing force increases, the amount of deformation of the spring member 4 increases, and the pushing member 3 is gradually moved toward the contact portion 2a. When the pushing force reaches a predetermined magnitude, the inner end 30a of the male screw body 30 constituting the pushing member 3 comes into contact with the support portion 1b of the penetrating pin 1 to cause the pushing operator to recognize this as a response (FIG. 3). By stopping the pushing at the same time as this response, it is possible to reliably perform a driving test of the penetration pin 1 against the measuring object W at a predetermined force, for example, 100 N, against the measuring object W. .

  The greater the distance between the inner end 30a of the male screw body 30 and the inner end 31b of the nut body 31, the smaller is the force for recognizing the response. On the contrary, as the distance between the inner end 30a of the male screw body 30 and the inner end 31b of the nut body 31 is reduced, the force for recognizing the response is set larger.

  Although not shown in the drawings, sound output means (speaker) that is closed when the inner end 30a of the male screw body 30 comes into contact with the support portion 1b of the penetrating pin 1 is connected to the hardness tester E. And an electric circuit including a light emitting means (such as a light bulb or LED) for generating light, so that the pushing operator can recognize that the pushing force has reached a predetermined magnitude. You can keep it.

(Second example)
4 and 5 show a second example of the hardness tester E. FIG. The hardness tester E of the second example has a cylindrical case 5 whose front end is an abutting part 5a to the measuring object W, a pressing member 6, and the pressing of the pressing member 6 to contact the cylindrical case 5. The penetration pin 1 that can project from the contact portion 5a is provided. The penetrating pin 1 and the pressing member 6 are linked by a spring member 7 that is compressed and interposed between them. At the same time, the compression of the spring member 7 is started when the pushing force reaches a predetermined magnitude.

  The cylindrical case 5 has a cylindrical shape. The abutting portion 5 a is configured by an outer surface of an end cap 5 b that is screwed to the front end portion of the cylindrical case 5, and is a surface orthogonal to the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical case 5. A passage hole 5c of the penetration pin 1 is formed at the center of the contact portion 5a along the cylinder axis. The diameter of the passage hole 5 c is substantially equal to the diameter of the penetration pin 1. Moreover, this cylindrical case 5 is provided with the long hole 5d as an opening part which can visually recognize the movement amount of the said penetration pin 1 from the outside. The long hole 5d is a slit formed in the side portion of the cylindrical case 5 along the cylindrical axis. A part of the support portion 1b of the penetrating pin 1 can be seen through the elongated hole 5d. A scale 5e is displayed on the outer surface of the side portion of the cylindrical case 5 and on the side of the long hole 5d. The scale 5e is used to move a part of the support portion 1b, that is, the penetration. The amount of penetration of pin 1 can be measured.

  The pushing member 6 is formed by combining a male screw body 60 and a nut body 61. The nut body 61 has a sleeve shape with a female screw 61a inside. The male screw body 60 is screwed onto the nut body 61, and the inner end 60a thereof is positioned in front of the inner end 61b of the nut body 61, and the outer end 60b is connected to the outer end 61c of the nut body 61. It is located behind. The outer end 60b of the male screw body 60 is fixed to the center of the disc-like body 60c. The nut body 61 has a thick outer diameter on the inner end 61b side, and has a circumferential step surface 61d facing the outer end 61c side. When the male screw body 60 is advanced and retracted, the distance between the inner end 60 a of the male screw body 60 and the inner end 61 b of the nut body 61 is changed.

  The penetration pin 1 has a base end opposite to the tip thereof fixed to the center on the one surface side of the support portion 1b. The diameter of the support portion 1 b is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical case 5. Thereby, penetration pin 1 is supported so that movement along the cylinder axis of cylindrical case 5 is possible in two places, the above-mentioned passage hole 5c and support part 1b.

  The front end of the cylindrical storage portion 8 is fixed to the other surface of the support portion 1b. Between the support portion 1b and the cylindrical storage portion 8, a circumferential step surface 9 facing the rear end side of the cylindrical storage portion 8 is formed. An inner flange 5f is formed at the rear end portion of the cylindrical case 5, and in the state where the penetrating pin 1 has its tip positioned at the same position as the abutting portion 5a, The heel 5f comes to abut. The rear end side of the cylindrical storage portion 8 protrudes rearward from the rear end of the cylindrical case 5.

  In addition, an inner collar 8a is formed at the rear end of the cylindrical storage portion 8. The position at which the circumferential step surface 61 d of the nut body 61 abuts against the inner flange 8 a is the pushing start position of the pushing member 6, and the outer end 61 c of the nut body 61 is outward of the rear end of the cylindrical storage portion 8. The outer end 60 b of the male screw body 60 and the disc-like body 60 c are positioned further rearward of the outer end 61 c of the nut body 61.

  The spring member 7 is in the cylindrical storage portion 8, has a spring front end in contact with the other surface of the support portion 1 b, and a spring rear end provided on the inner end 60 a of the male screw body 60. The compression coil spring is in contact with 60d. The spring member 7 is compressed in advance between the support portion 1b and the flange 60d.

  From the state in which the tip of the penetrating pin 1 is located at the same position as the contact portion 5a (FIG. 5), the contact portion 5a is pressed against the measuring object W, and the palm-like body 60c is applied with a palm, The member 6 is pushed forward. Since the spring member 7 is preliminarily compressed, the spring member 7 is not deformed unless the pushing force exceeds the preliminarily applied compressive force. When the pushing force exceeds the preliminarily applied compressive force, the spring member 7 is further compressed, that is, deformed. By stopping the pushing at the same time as this deformation occurs, it becomes possible to reliably carry out a driving test of the penetration pin 1 against the measuring object W at a predetermined force, for example, 100 N, against the measuring object W. .

  By changing the distance between the inner end 60 a of the male screw body 60 and the inner end 61 b of the nut body 61, the measurement object W that causes the compression force applied in advance of the spring member 7, that is, the stop of the pushing operation, is brought about. The force of a predetermined magnitude on can be adjusted.

(Third example)
FIG. 6 shows a third example of the hardness tester E. In the hardness tester E of the third example, the pressing member 15 includes an inner pressing member 150 and an outer pressing member 151. The front end of the hollow portion 16 having a cylindrical shape is fixed to the other surface of the support portion 1b. The inner pushing member 150 protrudes rearward with the inner end 150 a side being accommodated in the hollow portion 16 from the rear end side of the hollow portion 16. In the drawing, the inner flange of the hollow portion 16 indicated by reference numeral 16a and the circumferential step surface formed on the inner end 150a side of the inner pushing member 150 indicated by reference numeral 150b are caught in a state before the pressing operation. The outer pushing member 151 has a cylindrical shape with the front end opened and the rear end closed. The outer pushing member 151 has its front end stored in the cylindrical case 5 from the rear end side of the cylindrical case 5. In the figure, an inner collar of the cylindrical case 5 indicated by reference numeral 5d and a circumferential step surface formed on the front end side of the outer pressing member 151 indicated by reference numeral 151a are caught in a state before the pressing operation. In the hollow portion 16, the spring member 7 is housed in a compressed state between the other surface of the support portion 1 b and the inner end 150 a of the inner push member 150. The spring member 7 links the penetrating pin 1 and the inner pushing member 150. The inner push member 150 and the hollow portion 16 are housed in the outer push member 151. Further, the inner push member 150 and the outer push member 151 are linked via the elastic member 17. The elastic member 17 includes a base portion 17a that is fixed to the inner surface 151b at the rear end of the outer pressing member 151, and a pair of arm portions 17b and 17b. Engagement projections 17d that contact the rear end 150c of the inner push member 150 from the rear are provided inside the pair of arm portions 17b and 17b, respectively. The linkage through the engagement protrusion 17d is released by elastic deformation of the elastic member 17 triggered by compression of the spring member 7. That is, from the state where the tip of the penetrating pin 1 is at the same position as the contact portion 5a, the contact portion 5a is pressed against the measurement target W, and the palm is applied to the rear end of the outer pressing member 151. The outer pressing member 151 is pushed forward. Since the spring member 7 is preliminarily compressed, the spring member 7 is not deformed unless the pushing force exceeds the preliminarily applied compressive force. When the pushing force exceeds the preliminarily applied compressive force, the spring member 7 is further compressed, that is, deformed. When this deformation occurs, the distance between the rear end 150 c of the inner push member 150 and the rear end of the outer push member 151 is reduced, and the free end 17 c of the arm portion 17 b of the elastic member 17 is formed at the rear end of the hollow portion 16. The arm portion 17b is elastically deformed to the outside by striking the cam surface 16b, thereby disengaging the engagement protrusion 17d and the rear end 150d of the inner push member 150, and responding to the push-in operator. It is supposed to feel as. By stopping the pushing at the same time as feeling this response, it becomes possible to reliably carry out a driving test of the penetration pin 1 against the measuring object W at a predetermined force, for example, 100 N, against the measuring object W. .

  Since the configuration of the remaining components of the third example is the same as or substantially the same as the corresponding configuration of the second example, description thereof is omitted.

(Fourth example)
7 and 8 show a fourth example of the hardness tester E. FIG. The hardness tester E of the fourth example has a cylindrical case 10 whose front end is an abutting portion 10a to the measuring object W, a pressing member 11, and the pressing of the pressing member 11, so that the cylindrical case 10 is pressed. The penetration pin 1 that can project from the contact portion 10a is provided. The penetration pin 1 and the pressing member 11 are linked by a gas spring 12 interposed therebetween. At the same time, the compression of the gas spring 12 is started when the pushing force reaches a predetermined magnitude.

  The cylindrical case 10 has a cylindrical shape. The abutting portion 10 a is configured by an outer surface of an end cap 10 b that is screwed to the front end portion of the cylindrical case 10, and is a surface orthogonal to the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical case 10. A passing hole 10c of the penetrating pin 1 is formed in the center of the contact portion 10a along the cylindrical axis. The diameter of the passage hole 10 c is substantially equal to the diameter of the penetration pin 1. Moreover, this cylindrical case 10 is provided with the long hole 10d as an opening part which can visually recognize the movement amount of the said penetration pin 1 from the outside. The long hole 10d is a slit formed in a side portion of the cylindrical case 10 along the cylindrical axis. A part of the support portion 1b of the penetrating pin 1 can be seen through the long hole 10d. A scale 10e is displayed on the outer surface of the side portion of the cylindrical case 10 and on the side of the long hole 10d. The scale 10e is used to move a part of the support portion 1b, that is, the penetration. The amount of penetration of pin 1 can be measured.

  The pushing member 11 is fixed to the protruding end of the piston rod 12 a of the gas spring 12. The pushing member 11 has a disk shape, and the protruding end of the piston rod 12a is fixed to the center of one surface thereof.

  The penetration pin 1 has a base end opposite to the tip thereof fixed to the center on the one surface side of the support portion 1b. The diameter of the support portion 1 b is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical case 10. Thereby, penetration pin 1 is supported so that movement along the cylinder axis of cylindrical case 10 is possible in two places, the above-mentioned passage hole 10c and support part 1b.

  An end of the cylinder 12b of the gas spring 12 opposite to the protruding side of the piston rod 12a is fixed to the other surface of the support 1b. An inner collar 10f is formed at the rear end portion of the cylindrical case 10, and the penetration pin 1 is formed on the other surface of the support portion 1b in a state where its tip is located at the same position as the contact portion 10a. This inner collar 10f comes to abut. The cylinder 12b of the gas spring 12 protrudes rearward from the rear end of the cylindrical case 10 through the inner flange 10f.

  The gas spring 12 includes the cylinder 12b, a piston (not shown), the piston rod 12a integrated with the piston, and a gas sealed in the cylinder 12b in a compressed state.

  From the state in which the tip of the penetrating pin 1 is located at the same position as the contact portion 10a (FIG. 8), the contact portion 10a is pressed against the measurement target W, and the palm is pressed against the pressing member 11 and pushed forward. . The piston constituting the gas spring 12 does not move unless the pushing force exceeds the reaction force caused by the enclosed gas. When the pushing force exceeds the reaction force, the compression of the gas spring 12, that is, the movement of the piston rod 12a is started. By stopping the pushing at the same time as this movement occurs, it becomes possible to reliably perform a driving test of the penetration pin 1 against the measuring object W at a predetermined force, for example, 100 N, against the measuring object W. .

(Fifth example)
9 and 10 show a fifth example of the hardness tester E. FIG. In the hardness tester E of the fifth example, the gas spring 12 and the pushing member 11 are linked via an elastic member 13, and the elastic deformation of the elastic member 13 is triggered by the compression of the gas spring 12. The linkage is resolved by

  In this fifth example, the pressing member 11 has a cylindrical shape with the front end opened and the rear end closed.

  On the other hand, the support portion 1 b of the penetrating pin 1 integrally has a cylindrical hollow portion 14 protruding rearward from the rear end portion of the cylindrical case 10.

  A cylinder 12b of the gas spring 12 is housed in the hollow portion 14, and a piston rod 12a of the gas spring 12 is formed between the cylinder housing portion 14a of the hollow portion 14 and the rear end 14b of the hollow portion 14. It protrudes backward through the through-hole 14c.

  An outer flange 14d is formed between the cylinder housing portion 14a and the rear end 14b of the hollow portion 14. On the other hand, an inner flange 11 a is formed at the front end of the pushing member 11. The hollow portion 14 is combined with the pressing member 11 such that the outer end 14d is abutted against the inner end 11a from behind and the rear end 14b side is accommodated in the pressing member 11.

  The elastic member 13 includes a pair of arm portions 13a and 13a and a base portion 13c extending between the roots of the pair of arm portions 13a and 13a. Inside the push member 11, a holding portion 11 c that holds the base portion 13 c of the elastic member 13 between the inner surface 11 b of the closed rear end portion of the push member 11 is formed. Each of the pair of arm portions 13a and 13a includes an engaging protrusion 13d on the free end 13b side and on the side facing the other arm portion 13a.

  The protruding end of the piston rod 12 a of the gas spring 12 and the pushing member 11 are linked via the elastic member 13. Specifically, the linkage is made by abutting the engaging protrusion 13d against an end surface of a cap 12c screwed to the protruding end.

  From the state in which the tip of the penetrating pin 1 is located at the same position as the contact portion 10a (FIG. 9), the contact portion 10a is pressed against the measuring object W, and the palm is applied to the rear end portion of the pressing member 11. When pushed forward, a pushing force is applied to the piston rod 12a via the elastic member 13, but the compression of the gas spring 12 does not occur until the pushing force exceeds the reaction force (FIG. 10 ( a)). When the penetration pin 1 reaches a healthy portion of the measuring object W and the pushing force increases and reaches a predetermined size, the piston rod 12a moves (FIG. 10B). A cam surface 14e is formed at the rear end 14b of the hollow portion 14 and at the hole edge of the through hole 14c. When the piston rod 12a moves, the free end 13b of the arm portion 13a The arm 13a hits the surface 14e and is elastically deformed so as to increase the distance between the arm 13a and the other arm 13a. The elastic protrusion causes the engaging protrusion 13d to be disengaged from the protruding end of the piston rod 12a. (FIGS. 10C and 10D). As a result, the pushing operator is made aware of the response that the pushing force has reached a predetermined magnitude. By stopping the pushing at the same time as this response, it is possible to reliably perform a driving test of the penetration pin 1 against the measuring object W at a predetermined force, for example, 100 N, against the measuring object W. .

  Since the configuration of the remaining components of the fifth example is the same as or substantially the same as the corresponding configuration of the fourth example, description thereof is omitted.

(Sixth example)
11 and 12 show a sixth example of the hardness tester E. FIG. In the hardness tester E of the sixth example, the cylindrical case 10 whose front end is a contact portion 10a to the measuring object W, the pressing member 11, and the pressing of the pressing member 11, the cylindrical case 10 is pressed. The penetration pin 1 that can project from the contact portion 10a is provided. The penetration pin 1 and the pressing member 11 are linked by a gas spring 12 interposed therebetween. At the same time, the compression of the gas spring 12 is started when the pushing force reaches a predetermined magnitude.

  The cylindrical case 10 has a cylindrical shape in which the front end is closed and the rear end is opened. The abutting portion 10 a is configured by the outer surface of the front end portion of the cylindrical case 10 and is a surface orthogonal to the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical case 10. A passing hole 10c of the penetrating pin 1 is formed in the center of the contact portion 10a along the cylindrical axis. The diameter of the passage hole 10 c is substantially equal to the diameter of the penetration pin 1.

  The pushing member 11 is fixed to the protruding end of the piston rod 12 a of the gas spring 12. The push member 11 has a rod shape, and the protruding end of the piston rod 12a is fixed to the center of the front end thereof.

  The penetration pin 1 is fixed to the support portion 1b at the proximal end opposite to the distal end. The diameter of the support portion 1 b is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical case 10. Thereby, penetration pin 1 is supported so that movement along the cylinder axis of cylindrical case 10 is possible in two places, the above-mentioned passage hole 10c and support part 1b.

  An end portion of the cylinder 12b of the gas spring 12 opposite to the protruding side of the piston rod 12a is fixed to the side of the supporting portion 1b opposite to the protruding side of the penetrating pin 1.

  In this example, the cylinder 12b of the gas spring 12 is accommodated in the sleeve 12d. The outer diameter of the sleeve 12 d is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical case 10. The front end of the sleeve 12d is fixed to the support portion 1b. The piston rod 12a of the gas spring 12 protrudes rearward from the rear end of the sleeve 12d.

  A scale 12e is provided on the outer surface of the sleeve 12d so that the amount of the sleeve 12d entering the cylindrical case 10 can be visually recognized along the length direction of the sleeve 12d. In the illustrated example, the rear end of the sleeve 12d is positioned at the origin of the scale 12e in a state where the tip of the penetrating pin 1 is positioned at the same position as the contact portion 10a. The amount of penetration of the penetration pin 1 can be measured by using it. That is, in this sixth example, a scale 12e is provided on the pressing member 11 side so that the amount of movement of the penetration pin 1 can be visually recognized from the outside.

  The gas spring 12 includes the cylinder 12b, a piston (not shown), the piston rod 12a integrated with the piston, and a gas sealed in the cylinder 12b in a compressed state.

  From the state in which the tip of the penetrating pin 1 is located at the same position as the contact portion 10a (FIG. 12), the contact portion 10a is pressed against the measuring object W, and the palm is pressed against the pressing member 11 and pushed forward. . The piston constituting the gas spring 12 does not move unless the pushing force exceeds the reaction force caused by the enclosed gas. When the pushing force exceeds the reaction force, the compression of the gas spring 12, that is, the movement of the piston rod 12a is started. By stopping the pushing at the same time as this movement occurs, it becomes possible to reliably perform a driving test of the penetration pin 1 against the measuring object W at a predetermined force, for example, 100 N, against the measuring object W. .

   Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but includes all embodiments that can achieve the object of the present invention.

W Measurement object 1 Penetration pin 1b Support part 2 Cylindrical case 2a Contact part 3 Push member 4 Spring member

Claims (10)

A cylindrical case having one end portion as a contact portion to the measurement object, a pressing member, and a penetrating pin that can protrude from the contacting portion of the cylindrical case by pressing the pressing member,
The penetrating pin and the pressing member are linked by a spring member interposed therebetween, and when the pressing force reaches a predetermined magnitude by the spring member, the penetrating pin support portion and the pressing member are pressed. A hardness tester for wood and wood materials, which is allowed to come into contact with a member. A cylindrical case having one end portion as a contact portion to the measurement object, a pressing member, and a penetrating pin that can protrude from the contacting portion of the cylindrical case by pressing the pressing member,
The penetrating pin and the pressing member are linked by a spring member interposed between them in advance, and compression of the spring member is started when the pressing force reaches a predetermined magnitude. Thus, a hardness tester for wood and wood materials.   The push member includes an inner push member and an outer push member, and the penetrating pin and the inner push member are linked together by a spring member that is pre-compressed and interposed therebetween, and the inner push member and The outer push member is linked via an elastic member, and the linkage between the inner push member and the outer push member is released by elastic deformation of the elastic member triggered by compression of the spring member. The wood and wood material hardness tester according to claim 2. A cylindrical case having one end portion as a contact portion to the measurement object, a pressing member, and a penetrating pin that can protrude from the contacting portion of the cylindrical case by pressing the pressing member,
The penetration pin and the pressing member are linked by a gas spring interposed therebetween, and the compression of the gas spring is started when the pushing force reaches a predetermined magnitude. Hardness tester for wood and wood materials.   The gas spring and the push member are linked via an elastic member, and the linkage is released by elastic deformation of the elastic member triggered by compression of the gas spring. Hardness tester for wood and wood materials.   2. The wood and wood material according to claim 1, wherein when the pushing force reaches a specific value in a range of 50 N or more and 300 N or less, contact between the penetrating pin and the pushing member is allowed. Hardness tester.   The wood and wood material according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the compression of the spring member is started when the pushing force reaches a specific value in a range of 50N to 300N. Hardness tester.   The wood and wood-based material according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the compression of the gas spring is started when the pushing force reaches a specific value in a range of 50N to 300N. Hardness tester.   The said cylindrical case is provided with the opening part which can visually recognize the moving amount | distance of the said penetration pin from the outside, The hardness tester of the timber and woody material of any one of Claims 1-8.   The wood and wood material hardness tester according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the push member side is provided with a scale that allows the amount of movement of the penetration pin to be visually recognized from the outside.

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