JP6158734B2 - Glossiness measuring device, glossiness calculating device, and glossiness measuring method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a glossiness measuring device, a glossiness calculating device, and a glossiness measuring method, and for example, relates to a technique for determining the glossiness of a measurement target having a fiber structure.

  When searching for merchandise such as clothes on an EC (Electronic Commerce) site on the Internet, it is generally possible to narrow down the merchandise by specifying the price, size, color, and the like. For example, when a user specifies a desired clothes color on a web page, a list of clothes images related to the specified color is displayed, and the user selects a desired clothes image from the displayed list of clothes images. By selecting, the clothes of the selected image can be purchased.

  As described above, when a user selects a desired product from an enormous number of product groups, the user narrows down the products by specifying the characteristics of the products. In particular, in recent years, user preferences have been diversified, and “glossiness (glossiness)” is regarded as important in addition to conventional characteristics such as color when searching for a favorite product.

  For example, even clothes having the same color, the same pattern, the same size, etc. may have a completely different impression due to the difference in “glossiness”. Therefore, the glossiness required may vary depending on the usage scene. For example, items such as dresses worn in strict places such as funerals tend to require less gloss, while items such as dresses worn in casual places such as parties are glossy. There is a tendency to demand something with a strong feeling.

  In this way, “glossiness” is also becoming an important criterion for selecting products. In order to improve the convenience of product search and make it possible to accurately find the desired product, There is a demand for a method and system for accurately performing a product search based on this.

  However, there is no system capable of searching for merchandise based on “glossiness” on an EC site. When actually trying to obtain information about the “glossiness” of a product on the EC site, the user analogizes the glossiness from other information such as “product image” and “material of product” displayed on the EC site. Therefore, accurate gloss information is not always obtained, which is very inconvenient.

  In addition, when judging the glossiness of a product based on human sensitivity, the judgment criteria for glossiness are ambiguous, and in particular, the judgment results will vary if the person who determines and determines the glossiness varies from product to product. The glossiness of products cannot be determined uniformly.

  Therefore, there is a demand for a technique that can easily and accurately measure the glossiness (glossiness) of products. The present inventor paid attention to the reflection characteristic of the product, and studied a method for easily obtaining the glossiness of the product from the reflection characteristic of the product.

  In general, as a technique using reflection characteristics, for example, an apparatus using a bi-directional reflection distribution function (BRDF) has been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an image processing apparatus for rendering a virtual three-dimensional model created in a virtual three-dimensional space. In this image processing apparatus, specular reflection in a virtual incident direction and a virtual viewing direction with respect to an arbitrary part of the virtual three-dimensional model based on the BRDF obtained by fixing the incident direction right above the cloth material. The component is calculated, and shading is performed on an arbitrary part of the virtual three-dimensional model using the specular reflection component.

  Moreover, patent document 2 discloses the measuring device which measures the surface property of materials, such as an exterior material, and estimates and evaluates the property after enforcement. According to this measuring apparatus, the reflected light intensity of the light on the surface of the material is measured from an arbitrary direction at an arbitrary light receiving angle and viewing angle, and the reflected light luminance value and its distribution are obtained. In the case of use in the case, the uneven color tone and anti-glare property after execution are estimated and used as a management index.

JP 2007-026049 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-063677

  Various measurement methods using the reflection characteristics of materials have been proposed as in the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, but the EC (Glossiness) of various products is quantitatively expressed. No technology that can be used in the product search technology on the site has been proposed.

  That is, there has not been proposed a technique for easily measuring individual glossiness of a large number of products handled on an EC site and using glossiness data obtained as a measurement result as basic information for product search.

  In particular, a fiber structure such as a fabric has a unique glossiness different from a solid flat structure such as a metal surface, and the glossiness cannot be accurately defined only by the level of light reflectance. Therefore, considering the application to the search technology for products including cloth such as clothes, it is necessary to define and quantify the glossiness of the product from a viewpoint other than the high or low light reflectance. However, there is no prior art document disclosing such technology.

  For example, the image processing apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses BRDF to reproduce glossiness and texture in computer graphics and computer vision. However, in an apparatus that quantifies the glossiness of various products handled by a search system. Absent. Similarly, the measuring apparatus of Patent Document 2 is an apparatus for evaluating the surface properties of materials used as exterior materials for building structures such as roofs and outer walls, and outer panels of trains, airplanes, automobiles, and the like, and is handled by a search system. It is not a device that quantifies the glossiness of a wide variety of products.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a glossiness measuring device, a glossiness calculating device, and a glossiness measuring method that can easily quantify the glossiness of various products. For the purpose.

  One embodiment of the present invention is directed to a measurement target disposed in a measurement unit, a light irradiation unit that irradiates light in a direction from the top of the hemisphere centering on the measurement unit toward the measurement unit, and reflected light from the measurement target A plurality of photodetectors that receive light and generate received light data, each receiving a reflected light traveling to a different position on the surface of the hemisphere, and a gloss of a measurement target based on the received light data The present invention relates to a glossiness measuring apparatus including a calculation unit that acquires degree data.

  According to the glossiness measuring apparatus of this aspect, the glossiness data of the measurement object can be acquired based on the received light data of the reflected light from the measurement object, and thus the glossiness of various products can be easily quantified. be able to.

  The “glossiness data” here is data that directly or indirectly indicates the glossiness of the measurement target, and is data that can serve as an index when evaluating the glossiness of the measurement target. The “glossiness” may be an index that represents the glossiness of the measurement target, and is a sensitivity characteristic that is perceived based on the reflected light from the measurement target. It does not have to match. Therefore, according to this aspect, a value obtained by quantitatively evaluating the glossiness of a measurement object such as a fabric felt by a person can be acquired as glossiness data.

  Desirably, the position on the hemispherical surface of the reflected light received by the plurality of light detection units is an angle θ of 0 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to an axis passing through the top of the hemisphere and the center of the bottom, and a reference position of the bottom The angle φ is 0 ° or more and less than 360 ° with respect to the circumferential direction, and includes a position where the angle φ is different.

  According to this aspect, it is possible to acquire the glossiness data of the measurement target based on the received light data of the reflected light passing through the position on the hemispherical surface represented by the angle θ and the angle φ.

  Desirably, the positions on the hemispherical surface of the reflected light received by the plurality of light detection units are a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the first angle, and a second position where the angle φ is different from the first angle. And a plurality of positions that are angles.

  According to the present aspect, since the gloss data of the measurement target is acquired based on the received light data of the reflected light with respect to each of the first angle and the second angle having different angles φ, the anisotropic characteristic regarding the angle φ of the reflection characteristics The glossiness data of the measurement object reflecting the property can be obtained.

  Desirably, the calculation unit acquires projection data relating to the first angle based on the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the first angle on the surface of the hemisphere, and the surface of the hemisphere On the basis of the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the second angle, projection data related to the second angle is acquired, and the projection data related to the first angle and the second angle are related to Glossiness data is acquired based on the projection data.

  According to this aspect, for each of the first angle and the second angle related to the angle φ, projection data is obtained based on the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions, and the gloss data is obtained from the projection data. To be acquired. Therefore, in this aspect, the influence of the error component that can be included in the received light data is reduced compared to the case where the gloss level data is acquired from the received light data of reflected light that passes through a single position for each angle φ, and the gloss of the measurement target is reduced. The degree data can be obtained with high accuracy.

  The “projection data” here is data derived from a plurality of received light data, and may be data that directly or indirectly indicates the angle dependence of the reflection characteristic of the measurement target. Therefore, the projection data may be, for example, the sum (total value) of a plurality of light reception data obtained for each angle φ, or may be obtained for each angle φ like a value obtained by normalizing the sum of such light reception data. It may be data such as a value derived by performing further calculation based on the sum of a plurality of received light data.

  Preferably, the calculation unit obtains projection data related to the first angle based on a sum of received light data of reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the first angle on the surface of the hemisphere. Projection data relating to the angle of 2 is acquired based on the sum of the received light data of reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the second angle on the surface of the hemisphere.

  According to this aspect, it is possible to acquire the gloss data of the measurement target from the projection data acquired based on the sum of the plurality of light reception data of the reflected light.

  Desirably, the first angle and the second angle are separated from each other by 180 ° with respect to the circumferential direction of the bottom surface.

  According to this aspect, the glossiness data to be measured is acquired from “the received light data of the reflected light of the first angle” and “the received light data of the reflected light of the second angle” which are 180 ° apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the bottom surface. can do. In particular, the present inventors have confirmed that the glossiness of a measurement object having a fiber structure may have a correlation with reflection characteristics in a plurality of directions that differ by 180 ° with respect to the circumferential direction of the bottom surface. Glossiness data of a measurement target having such a fiber structure can be accurately acquired.

  Preferably, the calculation unit obtains projection data relating to a plurality of angles including the first angle and the second angle based on the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions having different angles φ on the surface of the hemisphere. Then, glossiness data is acquired based on the standard deviation of the projection data acquired for a plurality of angles.

  According to this aspect, since the glossiness data is acquired based on the standard deviation of the projection data acquired for a plurality of angles φ, the glossiness data to be measured is determined according to the degree of variation of the reflection characteristics regarding the angle φ. It can be obtained with high accuracy.

  For example, (1) an average is acquired from the total value of projection data acquired for a plurality of angles φ, and (2) a square value of a difference from this average is acquired for each of projection data acquired for a plurality of angles φ. (3) obtaining the sum of the square values obtained for each of the plurality of angles φ, (4) obtaining the average of the sum of the square values, and (5) the sum of the square values. The positive value of the mean square root can be set as the “standard deviation” here.

  Desirably, a calculating part acquires the glossiness data which shows so large glossiness that a standard deviation is large.

  According to this aspect, it is possible to accurately acquire glossiness data for a measurement object having a high glossiness when the variation of the standard deviation regarding the angle φ of the reflection characteristic is large.

  Desirably, the calculation unit obtains an average in addition to the standard deviation of the projection data acquired for a plurality of angles, represents the standard deviation by σ, represents the average by m, and represents an integer greater than or equal to 0 by n. Of the projection data relating to a plurality of directions, the number of projection data showing a value of m + nσ or more is acquired, and glossiness data is acquired based on the number.

  According to this aspect, since glossiness data is acquired based on the number of projection data indicating a value of m + nσ or more, the glossiness data to be measured is accurately obtained according to the degree of variation of the reflection characteristic angle φ. be able to.

  For example, (1) a total value of projection data acquired for each of a plurality of angles φ is acquired, and (2) a value obtained by dividing the total value by the number of angles φ from which the projection data is acquired is It can be set as “average” here.

  Desirably, a calculating part acquires the glossiness data which shows large glossiness, so that the number is large.

  According to this aspect, it is possible to accurately acquire glossiness data for a measurement object having a high glossiness when the number of projection data indicating a value of m + nσ or more is large.

  Desirably, the calculation unit acquires glossiness data based on received light data of reflected light passing through a position in a range where the angle θ satisfies θ> the first threshold value on the surface of the hemisphere.

  According to this aspect, the light reception data of the component traveling in the regular reflection direction and the component traveling in the vicinity of the regular reflection direction of the reflected light are excluded, and based on the light reception data of the reflected light traveling in the other direction. Glossiness data can be acquired. In general, the intensity of reflected light traveling in the regular reflection direction and in the vicinity of the regular reflection direction is relatively strong, but hardly varies depending on the difference in glossiness of the measurement target. On the other hand, the intensity of the reflected light traveling in the regular reflection direction and in the direction away from the vicinity of the regular reflection direction is relatively weak, but easily fluctuates due to the difference in the glossiness of the measurement target. For this reason, by obtaining the projection data by excluding the received light data of the reflected light traveling in the specular reflection direction and the vicinity of the specular reflection direction, the anisotropy of the reflected light can be accurately identified, and the gloss of the measurement target Glossiness data accurately reflecting the degree can be acquired.

  Desirably, the measuring object has a fiber structure.

  According to this aspect, it is possible to accurately specify glossiness data of a measurement target having a fiber structure having a correlation between the anisotropy and the glossiness related to the angle φ of the reflection characteristic of the measurement target. The “fiber structure” here is a structure including a thread-like element, and a woven structure or the like can be included in the fiber structure.

  Another aspect of the present invention is to irradiate the measurement object arranged in the measurement unit with light in the direction from the top of the hemisphere with the measurement unit as the center of the bottom surface toward the measurement unit, and at different positions on the surface of the hemisphere. The present invention relates to a glossiness calculation apparatus including a calculation unit that acquires glossiness data of a measurement target based on light reception data generated by receiving reflected light from a traveling measurement target.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the light irradiation unit irradiates the measurement target disposed in the measurement unit with light in the direction from the top of the hemisphere centered on the measurement unit toward the measurement unit. The reflected light that travels to different positions on the surface of the hemisphere is received by each of a plurality of light detection units to generate received light data, and the calculation unit calculates glossiness data to be measured based on the received light data. The present invention relates to a method for measuring glossiness.

  According to the present invention, since glossiness data of a measurement target can be acquired based on received light data of reflected light from the measurement target, glossiness of a wide variety of products can be easily quantified.

It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of a glossiness measuring device. It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of the glossiness measuring apparatus regarding irradiated light. It is a block diagram which shows the function structure of the glossiness measuring apparatus regarding reflected light. It is a figure which shows the example of positional relationship of a light irradiation part and the measuring object arrange | positioned at a measurement part. It is a figure which shows the example of positional relationship of the measurement part by which a measurement object is arrange | positioned, and a photon detection part. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional state of the hemisphere (several light detection part) along the cross-sectional line 6 of FIG. It is the figure which projected the photon detection part in the direction which goes to the center of a bottom face from the top part of a hemisphere. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the glossiness measuring method. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of the reflective characteristic of the satin fabric used in Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of the reflective characteristic of the fabric of the plain weave used in Example 2. FIG. It is a figure which shows the measurement result of the reflective characteristic of the fabric which has the satin fiber structure with strong glossiness used in Example 3. FIG. It is a top view which shows a fiber structure, (a) shows a plain weave structure, (b) shows a twill structure, (c) shows a satin (red satin weave) structure. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the planar structure of the satin (red satin weave) shown in FIG.12 (c). It is a figure for demonstrating the directionality of the reflected light at the time of irradiating irradiation light to the measuring object which has a satin (red satin weave) structure. It is a figure for demonstrating one modification of the acquisition method of glossiness data, and is a figure which shows the cross-sectional state of the hemisphere (several light detection part) along the cross-sectional line 6 of FIG. It is a functional block diagram which shows a system configuration | structure in case a glossiness measuring device and a glossiness calculating device are provided separately. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structural example of a search system.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiment relates to a glossiness measurement technique using BRDF data.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the glossiness measuring apparatus 10. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the glossiness measuring apparatus 10 related to the irradiation light 32. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the glossiness measuring apparatus 10 related to the reflected light 34.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the glossiness measuring apparatus 10 of this embodiment includes a light irradiation unit 11, a light detection unit 12, a calculation unit 14, a storage unit 16, and a measurement calculation controller 18. As shown in FIG. 2, the light irradiation unit 11 irradiates the measurement target 20 with irradiation light 32. The reflected light 34 from the measurement target 20 is received by the light detection unit 12 as shown in FIG. The light detection unit 12 includes a photodiode or the like, and generates light reception data D1 according to the received light intensity. The calculation unit 14 calculates and acquires the glossiness data D2 of the measurement target 20 based on the light reception data D1 sent from the light detection unit 12. Various processes in the light irradiation unit 11, the light detection unit 12, the calculation unit 14, and the storage unit 16 are comprehensively controlled by the measurement calculation controller 18, and the glossiness data D <b> 2 is stored under the control of the measurement calculation controller 18. Stored in the section 16.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a positional relationship between the light irradiation unit 11 and the measurement target 20 arranged in the measurement unit 22. In FIG. 4, the light detection unit 12, the calculation unit 14, the storage unit 16, and the measurement calculation controller 18 are omitted for easy understanding.

  The light irradiation unit 11 irradiates the measurement target 20 arranged in the measurement unit 22 with irradiation light 32 that travels in the direction V from the top T of the hemisphere H with the measurement unit 22 as the center O of the bottom surface B toward the measurement unit 22. To do. On / off of the emission of the irradiation light 32 from the light irradiation unit 11 is controlled by the measurement calculation controller 18 (see FIG. 1).

  In the example illustrated in FIG. 4, the light irradiation unit 11 is disposed on an axis passing through the top T of the hemisphere H and the center O (measurement unit 22) of the bottom surface B, but the position of the light irradiation unit 11 is not particularly limited. That is, if the irradiation light 32 is irradiated on the measurement target 20 arranged in the measurement unit 22 in the “direction V from the top T of the hemisphere H to the center O of the bottom surface B (measurement unit 22)”, light irradiation is performed. The position of the part 11 is not particularly limited. When the light irradiation unit 11 is not arranged on the axis passing through the top T of the hemisphere H and the center O (measurement unit 22) of the bottom surface B, the irradiation light 32 emitted from the light irradiation unit 11 is used as a light guide member such as a lens or a mirror. It is also possible to irradiate the measurement object 20 arranged in the measurement unit 22 by guiding through Moreover, the light source of the light irradiation part 11 can use suitably LED (Light Emitting Diode) excellent in straightness, for example.

  When the measurement target 20 is irradiated with the irradiation light 32, the reflected light 34 travels in various directions from the measurement target 20, and the reflected light 34 is received by the light detection unit 12 (see FIG. 3). The traveling direction of the reflected light 34 depends on the glossiness of the measurement target 20, and in particular, the glossiness of the measurement target 20 having a fiber structure can be defined based on the anisotropy of the reflected light 34 as described later. is there.

  The measurement target 20 is not particularly limited, and may be a sample obtained by cutting out a reference portion for obtaining the glossiness of the product, or the entire product. In the present embodiment, clothes having a fiber structure are set as the measurement target 20.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a positional relationship between the measurement unit 22 where the measurement target 20 is arranged and the light detection unit 12. In FIG. 5, in order to facilitate understanding, the light irradiation unit 11, the calculation unit 14, the storage unit 16, and the measurement calculation controller 18 are not illustrated, and the light detection unit 12 included in the gloss measurement device 10 is omitted. Only some (three) are shown.

  A plurality of the light detection units 12 are provided at different positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H with the measurement unit 22 where the measurement target 20 is disposed as the center O of the bottom surface B, and extends over the entire surface W of the hemisphere H. Is provided. Each of these light detection units 12 receives reflected light 34 traveling from the measurement object 20 toward different positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H, and generates light reception data D1.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional state of the hemisphere H (a plurality of light detection units 12) along the cross-sectional line 6 of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a diagram in which the light detection unit 12 is projected in a direction V from the top T of the hemisphere H toward the center O of the bottom surface B. FIG. 6 and 7 also show only a part of the light detection unit 12 included in the glossiness measuring apparatus 10 as in FIG. 5 for easy understanding.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, each position of the light detection unit 12, and a position on the surface W of the hemisphere H of “reflected light 34 from the measurement target 20” received by each of the light detection units 12. Match. Therefore, “the position of each light detection unit 12” and “the position on the surface W of the hemisphere H of the reflected light 34 received by each light detection unit 12” are the center O (measurement unit) of the top T and bottom B of the hemisphere H. 22) and an angle θ (hereinafter referred to as “radiation angle θ”) (refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6) with respect to the axis A passing through the axis A and the circumferential direction C with respect to the reference position S of the bottom surface B. It can be expressed by an angle φ of 0 ° or more and less than 360 ° (hereinafter referred to as “bottom angle φ” (see FIGS. 5 and 7)). That is, “the position of each light detection unit 12” and “the position on the surface W of the hemisphere H of the reflected light 34 received by each light detection unit 12” can be expressed by a combination of the radiation angle θ and the bottom surface angle φ. .

  The “position of the light detection unit 12” and the “position of the reflected light 34 received by the light detection unit 12 on the surface W of the hemisphere H” of the present embodiment include positions where the bottom surface angle φ is different, Each includes a plurality of positions having different radiation angles θ. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the position of the light detection unit 12 (the position on the surface W of the hemisphere H of the reflected light 34 received by the light detection unit 12), for example, has a bottom surface angle φ of the first angle φ1. A plurality of positions, and a plurality of positions where the bottom surface angle φ is a second angle φ2 different from the first angle φ1.

  Although the specific number and position of the light detection units 12 are not particularly limited, from the viewpoint of receiving the reflected light 34 from the measurement target 20 as much as possible and obtaining the reflection characteristics of the measurement target 20 with high accuracy, the light detection unit 12 Is preferably provided. For example, the light detection unit 12 may be provided in increments of 1 ° in the range of the radiation angle θ from 0 ° to 90 °, and the light detection unit in increments of 1 ° in the range of the base angle φ from 0 ° to less than 360 °. 12 may be provided. Considering the specification of the anisotropy of the reflection characteristic of the measurement object 20, it is preferable that the step size of the radiation angle θ and the bottom surface angle φ in which the light detection unit 12 is provided is constant. Considering the identification of the symmetry of the reflection characteristic of the measurement target 20, symmetry (point symmetry, line symmetry, etc.) with respect to each position of the axis A passing through the top T of the hemisphere H and the center O of the bottom surface B (measurement unit 22). It is preferable that the light detection unit 12 is provided at the position.

  The hemisphere H shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and the like is merely a virtual hemisphere for indicating the positional relationship between the light irradiation unit 11, the light detection unit 12, the measurement unit 22, and the like, and the light irradiation unit shown in FIG. 11 and the light detection unit 12 shown in FIGS. 5 to 6 are appropriately supported by a support member (not shown).

  5 to 7 show the positions of the light detection units 12 and the positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H of the “reflected light 34 from the measurement target 20” received by the light detection units 12. Although the case where it corresponds is shown, arrangement | positioning of the photon detection part 12 is not limited to this example. That is, the position of the light detection unit 12 is not particularly limited as long as the reflected light 34 traveling from the measurement object 20 to different positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H can be received. The light may be guided through a light guide member such as a mirror and received by the light detection unit 12 arranged at an arbitrary position.

  The calculation unit 14 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3 is based on the light reception data D1 generated by the plurality of light detection units 12 that receive the reflected light 34 from the measurement target 20 as described above, and the glossiness data of the measurement target 20. D2 is calculated. In particular, in the present embodiment, the gloss level data D2 is obtained based on the received light data D1 of the reflected light 34 traveling to a plurality of positions having different bottom surface angles φ on the surface W of the hemisphere H. For example, on the surface W of the hemisphere H, the reflection characteristic related to the first angle φ1 of the measurement target 20 is obtained based on the received light data D1 of the reflected light 34 that passes through a plurality of positions whose bottom surface angle φ is the first angle φ1. It is possible. Similarly, on the surface W of the hemisphere H, based on the received light data D1 of the reflected light 34 that passes through a plurality of positions whose bottom surface angle φ is the second angle φ2, the reflection characteristic of the measurement target 20 relating to the second angle φ2. Can be obtained. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, among the reflection characteristics of the measurement target 20, not the reflection characteristics related to the single direction with respect to the bottom surface angle φ but the reflection characteristics regarding the plurality of directions with respect to the bottom surface angle φ are considered in combination. It is possible to obtain glossiness data D2.

  As can be understood from experimental data described later (see FIGS. 9 to 11), the glossiness (glossiness) of the measurement object 20 having a fiber structure is not simply determined by the high or low reflectivity, but the reflectivity. It depends on anisotropy. As described above, the glossiness of the measurement target 20 cannot always be accurately obtained from only the reflection characteristic related to the bottom surface angle φ, and the reflection characteristics related to a plurality of directions can be considered in combination with respect to the bottom surface angle φ. The glossiness of the measurement object 20 having a fiber structure that has been difficult to measure conventionally can also be accurately obtained.

  As a result of experiments described later, the present inventor has found from the reflection characteristics regarding the bottom surface angle φ (first angle and second angle) that are 180 ° apart from each other in the circumferential direction C (see FIG. 7) of the bottom surface B of the hemisphere H. In addition, the inventors have found that there is a case where the glossiness of the measurement object 20 having a fiber structure can be obtained with high accuracy.

  In addition, the calculation unit 14 of the present embodiment calculates projection data based on the received light data D1 of the reflected light 34 for each bottom surface angle φ, and calculates glossiness data D2 based on the projection data. In other words, the calculation unit 14 determines the first light reception data D1 of the reflected light 34 that passes through a plurality of positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H where the bottom surface angle φ is the first angle φ1 but the radiation angle θ is different. Projection data relating to the angle φ1 is acquired. Similarly, the calculation unit 14 performs the second operation based on the received light data D1 of the reflected light 34 that passes through a plurality of positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H where the bottom surface angle φ is the second angle φ2 but the radiation angle θ is different. Projection data relating to the angle φ2 is acquired. Then, the calculation unit 14 acquires the glossiness data D2 based on the projection data regarding the first angle φ1, the projection data regarding the second angle φ2, and the projection data regarding one or more other bottom surface angles φ as necessary. To do.

  The projection data in this example is calculated based on the sum of the received light data D1. In other words, the calculation unit 14 uses the projection data related to the first angle φ1 as reflected light 34 that passes through a plurality of positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H where the bottom surface angle φ is the first angle φ1 but the radiation angle θ is different. Obtained based on the sum of the received light data D1 generated by the received light detector 12 (see reference numeral “12-1” in FIG. 7). Similarly, the calculation unit 14 reflects the projection data regarding the second angle φ2 on the surface W of the hemisphere H through the reflected light 34 that passes through a plurality of positions where the bottom surface angle φ is the second angle φ2 but the radiation angle θ is different. Is received based on the sum of the received light data D1 generated by the light detection unit 12 (see reference numeral “12-2” in FIG. 7). As described above, the calculation unit 14 acquires projection data for each of the plurality of bottom surface angles φ including the first angle φ1 and the second angle φ2 based on the sum of the received light data D1.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment in which “the position of the light detection unit 12” and “the position on the surface W of the hemisphere H through which the reflected light 34 received by the light detection unit 12 passes” coincide, When the light detection unit 12 is projected in the direction V toward the center O of B (see FIG. 7), each bottom surface angle is based on the sum of the received light data D1 generated by the light detection unit 12 aligned for each bottom surface angle φ. Projection data for φ is generated.

  Thus, by calculating the glossiness data based on the projection data calculated for each bottom angle φ, it is possible to reduce the influence of the detection error and obtain the glossiness data with high accuracy. That is, the reflected light 34 may not be properly measured due to unexpected influences such as disturbance, and the light reception data D1 may contain an error component. Therefore, the reflection characteristics for each bottom surface angle φ are represented by only one light reception data D1. The effect of the error component becomes large. On the other hand, in the projection data based on the sum of the plurality of received light data D1, the influence of such an error component is reduced. Therefore, the projection data is an index that accurately represents the reflection characteristics of each bottom surface angle φ.

  The projection data may be the total value of the light reception data D1, or may be derived by performing further calculations based on the sum of the light reception data D1, such as a value obtained by normalizing the sum of the light reception data D1. It may be data such as values. That is, any data that is derived from the light reception data D1 and that directly or indirectly indicates the angle dependence of the reflection characteristic of the measurement target 20 can be used as projection data.

  In addition, a specific method for acquiring the gloss data D2 based on projection data regarding a plurality of angles including the first angle φ1 and the second angle φ2 in the calculation unit 14 is not particularly limited. For example, the glossiness data D2 may be acquired directly from the value of the projection data calculated for each bottom angle φ.

  The computing unit 14 may calculate the standard deviation of the projection data acquired for a plurality of angles, and may acquire the glossiness data D2 based on the standard deviation. For example, the projection data value obtained for each bottom surface angle φ is added to all the bottom surface angles φ for which the projection data was obtained, and the value after addition of the projection data is divided by the number of the bottom surface angles φ for which the projection data was obtained. By doing so, the average of the projection data is derived. Then, find the square value of the difference between the average and the projection data for each bottom angle φ, add the square value for all of the bottom angle φ for which the projection data was obtained, and add the sum of the added square values, The square root of the value obtained by dividing the projection data by the number of the base angle φ obtained is calculated, and the standard deviation can be expressed by a positive value of this square root.

  Further, the calculation unit 14 acquires an average in addition to the standard deviation of projection data acquired for a plurality of bottom surface angles φ, the standard deviation is represented by σ, the average is represented by m, and an integer greater than or equal to 0 is represented by n The number of projection data indicating a value of m + nσ or more among the projection data related to a plurality of directions may be acquired, and the glossiness data D2 may be acquired based on the number. Here, n can be an arbitrary integer, but by setting it to an integer of 1 or more, the number of projection data having a value greatly deviating from the average can be obtained. Variations related to φ can be accurately identified. In this case, the calculation unit 14 acquires glossiness data D2 indicating a greater glossiness as the number of projection data indicating a value of m + nσ or greater is larger.

  In addition, as a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention have a tendency that the glossiness increases when the measurement object 20 has a fiber structure and the anisotropy related to the bottom surface angle φ of the reflection characteristics is strong, and the bottom surface angle φ of the reflection characteristics. When the isotropic property is strong, the inventors have found that the glossiness tends to be weak. Therefore, the projection data representing the reflection characteristics related to the bottom surface angle φ also has a tendency to increase the glossiness when the anisotropy is strong and the variation about the bottom surface angle φ is large, and the isotropic property is strong and the variation about the bottom surface angle φ is small. In some cases, the glossiness tends to be weak. Therefore, as an example, the glossiness of the measurement target 20 can be expressed by the glossiness data D2 based on “standard deviation” or “number of projection data indicating a value of m + nσ” or more, which is an index indicating variation from the average. is there. In this case, the calculation unit 14 acquires the glossiness data D2 indicating a greater glossiness as the “standard deviation of the projection data regarding the bottom surface angle φ” or the “number of projection data indicating a value equal to or greater than m + nσ” increases.

  Next, a glossiness measuring method using the above-described glossiness measuring apparatus 10 will be described.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a glossiness measuring method.

  First, the light irradiation unit 11 controlled by the measurement calculation controller 18 irradiates the measurement target 20 arranged in the measurement unit 22 with the irradiation light 32 in the direction from the top T of the hemisphere H to the measurement unit 22 (FIG. 8). S11).

  Then, the reflected light 34 traveling from the measurement object 20 to different positions on the surface W of the hemisphere H is received by each of the plurality of light detection units 12, and light reception data D1 is generated by the light detection unit 12 (S12).

  Then, the calculation unit 14 generates projection data for each bottom surface angle φ based on the light reception data D1 generated by the light detection unit 12, and the glossiness data D2 of the measurement target 20 is acquired based on the projection data (S13). ).

  The glossiness data D2 acquired by the calculation unit 14 is sent to the storage unit 16, and is stored in the storage unit 16 by the measurement calculation controller 18 in a state associated with data (ID data) indicating the measurement target 20 ( S14).

<Example>
The inventor of the present invention has demonstrated the effect of the present invention using the glossiness measuring apparatus 10 having the above-described configuration. Specifically, as the measurement object 20, a fabric (Example 1) having a satin (satin weave) fiber structure with a strong gloss and a fabric having a plain weave fiber structure (Example 2) having almost no gloss. , And the reflection characteristic (projection data) was measured by the glossiness measuring device 10.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the measurement results of the reflection characteristics of the satin fabric used in Example 1. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the measurement results of the reflection characteristics of the plain weave fabric used in Example 2.

  9 and 10, (a) shows the three-dimensional reflection intensity of the measurement object 20, and the symbol “J” indicates a plurality of light detectors arranged in a tertiary manner having different bottom surface angles φ and radiation angles θ. 12 shows a set of the received light data D1 detected by 12, and represents the intensity of the reflected light 34 detected by the light detection unit 12 (the magnitude of the received light data D1).

  9 and 10, (b) shows the reflection intensity of the measurement object 20 expressed based on the bottom surface angle φ (horizontal axis) and the radiation angle θ (vertical axis), and the combination of the bottom surface angle φ and the radiation angle θ. The intensity of the reflected light 34 passing through the position on the surface W of the hemisphere H represented by (the magnitude of the received light data D1 generated by the light detection unit 12) is represented by light and dark. Indicates that the strength is strong.

  9 and 10, (c) represents projection data related to the bottom surface angle φ, the horizontal axis represents the bottom surface angle φ, and the vertical axis represents the size of the normalized projection data (in this example, for each bottom surface angle φ). Represents the sum (total value) of the received light data D1.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 9A and 10A, the measurement target 20 of Example 1 (FIG. 9A) having glossiness is the Example 2 (FIG. 10) having no glossiness. The reflected light 34 was scattered with respect to the bottom surface angle φ and the radiation angle θ from the measurement target 20 in (a).

  Further, as can be seen from FIGS. 9B and 10B, the measurement target 20 of Example 1 (FIG. 9B) having glossiness is the Example 2 (FIG. 9) having no glossiness. The overall reflection intensity was stronger than that of the measurement target 20 of 10 (b)).

  Further, as can be seen from FIG. 9C and FIG. 10C, the peak value of the projection data (“P1” in FIG. 9C) is obtained for the measurement target 20 of Example 1 (FIG. 9C) having glossiness. ”And“ P2 ”) appear at positions where the bottom surface angle φ is shifted by approximately 180 °, whereas the measurement target 20 of Example 2 (FIG. 10A) that does not have glossiness is projected. The data gradually changed into a mountain shape (see FIG. 10C). The bottom surface angle φ is represented by 0 ° to 360 °, and the bottom surface angle φ = 0 ° has the same meaning as the bottom surface angle φ = 360 ° (see FIGS. 5 and 7). The leftmost peak and the rightmost peak indicate the same peak (see reference numeral “P2” in FIG. 9C), and the leftmost peak and the rightmost peak in FIG. 10C indicate the same peak (FIG. 9C). (Refer to the reference sign “P1”).

  Further, as the measurement object 20, a reflection characteristic (projection data) was measured by the glossiness measuring apparatus 10 using a fabric (Example 3) having a satin (a satin weave) fiber structure having a strong gloss. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the measurement results of the reflection characteristics of the fabric having a satin fiber structure with strong gloss used in Example 3. In FIG. 11, (a) shows the reflection intensity of the measuring object 20 expressed based on the bottom surface angle φ (horizontal axis) and the radiation angle θ (vertical axis), and is represented by a combination of the bottom surface angle φ and the radiation angle θ. The intensity of the reflected light 34 passing through the position on the surface W of the hemisphere H (the magnitude of the received light data D1 generated by the light detection unit 12) is represented by light and darkness, and the intensity of the reflected light 34 is stronger as the brightness increases. It shows that. In FIG. 11, (b) represents projection data relating to the bottom surface angle φ, the horizontal axis represents the bottom surface angle φ, and the vertical axis represents the size of the projection data (in this example, the sum (total of received light data D1 for each bottom surface angle φ). Value)). Also in Example 3, two peak values of projection data (see “P1” and “P2” in FIG. 11B) appear at positions where the bottom surface angle φ is shifted by approximately 180 °.

  12A and 12B are plan views showing a fiber structure, in which FIG. 12A shows a plain weave structure, FIG. 12B shows a twill structure, and FIG. 12C shows a satin structure. The fiber structure shown in each of FIGS. 12A to 12C is configured such that the warp yarn 50 and the weft yarn 52 overlap each other in a unique pattern, and the warp yarn 50 and the weft yarn 52 intersect substantially vertically. However, regarding the appearance ratio of the warp yarn 50 and the weft yarn 52 in the surface portion, the warp yarn 50 and the weft yarn 52 appear almost evenly in the plain weave structure (see FIG. 12A), whereas the twill weave structure (FIG. 12B). In the reference), the warp yarn 50 appears more than the weft yarn 52, and the warp yarn 50 appears more than the weft yarn 52 in the satin structure (see FIG. 12C). In this way, in the twill structure and the satin structure, there is a bias between the appearance rate of the warp yarn 50 and the appearance rate of the weft yarn 52 in the surface portion, so the anisotropy regarding the reflection characteristics is stronger than the plain weave structure. The satin structure has a higher anisotropy regarding reflection characteristics than the twill structure.

  FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view showing the planar structure of the satin (red satin weave) shown in FIG. Satin (satin weave) is woven in a state in which cylindrical fibers (warp yarn 50 and weft yarn 52) are kept straight without being bent, and on the surface portion, as shown in FIG. It appears regularly, and the extending direction of the weft yarn 52 (x direction) and the extending direction of the warp yarn 50 (y direction) are orthogonal.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the directionality of the reflected light 34a and 34b when the irradiation light 32 is irradiated onto the measurement object 20 having a satin (red satin) structure. As described above, the satin structure is composed of the warp yarn 50 and the weft yarn 52 extending in the orthogonal direction, and the warp yarn 50 and the weft yarn 52 appear regularly on the surface portion. Therefore, when the measurement target 20 arranged in the measurement unit 22 is irradiated with the irradiation light 32 in the direction V from the top T of the hemisphere H toward the measurement unit 22, the reflected light 34a having directivity as shown in FIG. The reflected light 34 b travels from the measurement target 20. In the example shown in FIG. 14, the reflected light 34a in the direction along the plane including the x axis in FIG. 14 is a reflected light component mainly from the warp yarn 50 (see FIG. 13) extending in the y direction. The reflected light 34b in the direction along the plane including the axis is a reflected light component mainly from the weft 52 (see FIG. 13) extending in the x direction. As described above, since the warp yarn 50 appears more than the weft yarn 52 on the surface portion of the satin structure (see FIG. 12C), the reflected light 34a from the warp yarn 50 is more than the reflected light 34b from the weft yarn 52. Also increases strength. Due to such reflection characteristics, for example, the projection data related to the measurement object 20 having a satin (valve weave) structure has peaks at two positions that are shifted by 180 °.

  As described above, by specifying the reflection characteristics of the measurement object 20 with respect to the angle (bottom angle φ), even the measurement object 20 having a fiber structure such as a fabric accurately quantifies the glossiness (glossiness). Can be

<Modification>
The glossiness measuring apparatus 10 is not limited to the above example, and various modifications may be added.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a modification of the technique for obtaining the glossiness data D2, and is a diagram showing a cross-sectional state of the hemisphere H (a plurality of light detection units 12) along the cross-sectional line 6 in FIG. is there. On the surface W of the hemisphere H, the calculation unit 14 determines the glossiness data D2 based on the received light data D1 of the reflected light 34 that passes through a position where the radiation angle θ satisfies θ> θ1 (first threshold). May be obtained. That is, most members reflect many of the irradiated light components in the regular reflection direction (the direction from the center O of the bottom surface B of the hemisphere H toward the top T of the hemisphere H). Therefore, the intensity of the reflected light 34 traveling in the regular reflection direction and in the vicinity of the regular reflection direction is relatively strong, but hardly varies depending on the difference in glossiness of the measurement target. On the other hand, the intensity of the reflected light 34 traveling in the direction away from the regular reflection direction and the vicinity of the regular reflection direction is relatively weak, but easily varies depending on the glossiness of the measurement target 20. For this reason, the anisotropy of the reflected light 34 can be accurately identified by obtaining the projection data by excluding the light reception data D1 of the reflected light 34 traveling in the specular reflection direction and the vicinity of the regular reflection direction. Glossiness data D2 that accurately reflects the glossiness of the object can be acquired.

  The “reflected light 34 traveling in the regular reflection direction and in the vicinity of the regular reflection direction” here is a reflection that passes through a position in a range satisfying “radiation angle θ> first threshold θ1” on the surface W of the hemisphere H. Light 34 ". The optimum value of the “first threshold θ1” may vary depending on the reflection characteristics of the measurement target 20. For example, the first threshold θ1 is an angle between 0 ° and 20 ° (0 ° ≦ θ1 ≦ 20 °). By setting to, the anisotropy of the reflected light 34 can be specified with high accuracy.

  In addition, the light irradiation unit 11, the light detection unit 12, the calculation unit 14, the storage unit 16, and the measurement calculation controller 18 are not necessarily provided integrally, and some of these devices are separately provided from other devices. It may be provided. For example, a process of “irradiation of the irradiation light 32 to the measurement target 20 to reception of reflected light from the measurement target 20” (see S11 to S12 in FIG. 8) and “calculation of glossiness data D2 to storage of glossiness data D2”. The process (see S13 to S14 in FIG. 8) may be performed by a separate device.

  FIG. 16 is a functional block diagram showing a system configuration when the glossiness measuring device 40 and the glossiness computing device 42 are provided separately. The glossiness measuring device 40 of this example includes the above-described light irradiation unit 11 and light detection unit 12 and a measurement controller 44 that controls the light irradiation unit 11 and light detection unit 12. The process of “irradiation of light 32 to reception of reflected light from the measurement target 20” (see S11 to S12 in FIG. 8) is performed. On the other hand, the gloss level calculation device 42 includes the calculation unit 14 and the storage unit 16 described above, and a calculation controller 46 that controls the calculation unit 14 and the storage unit 16. The light reception data D1 generated by the light detection unit 12 (glossiness measuring device 40) is received by the calculation unit 14 (glossiness calculation device 42), and the glossiness calculation device 42 performs “calculation of glossiness data D2 to glossiness data”. The process of “D2 storage” (see S13 to S14 in FIG. 8) is performed.

<Application example>
The above glossiness measuring device 10 can be realized with a relatively simple device configuration, and the glossiness of a product such as a fabric can be easily quantified by the glossiness data D2 by simple and highly accurate measurement. Therefore, the above-described glossiness measuring device 10 can measure and give the “unified glossiness data D2”, which is difficult when the product glossiness (glossiness) is given sensuously. In particular, the glossiness measuring apparatus 10 of the present embodiment considers not only the simple reflection intensity of the measurement target 20 (product) but also the anisotropy of the reflection characteristics, and the glossiness (glossiness) of the measurement target 20 (product). Can be accurately defined.

  By expressing the glossiness of the product using the digitized glossiness data D2, it becomes possible to perform a narrowing search based on the glossiness (glossiness) of the product using the glossiness data D2. In other words, by using the glossiness data D2 measured by the glossiness measuring device 10 as metadata representing the characteristics of the product, the user can change the glossiness (glossiness) based on the glossiness data D2 among a great number of products. Thus, it becomes possible to perform a search for narrowing down desired products.

  FIG. 17 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of the search system 100. The search system 100 includes a client terminal 111 and a server system 110 connected to each client terminal 111 via a network 112 such as the Internet.

The server system 110 includes a web server 115, a database server 116, an image analysis server 117, and a mail server 118. The web server 115 is a server that communicates with the client terminal 111, receives a product search instruction, searches for a product, and returns a search result to the client terminal. The database server 116 holds various databases required for product search, and the other web server 115, image analysis server 117, and mail server 118 access the database held by the database server 116 as necessary. Processing such as data reading and rewriting can be performed. The image analysis server 117 analyzes the product image, acquires the product characteristics (physical characteristics, etc.), associates the acquired product characteristics with other product data (product ID data, etc.) in the database of the database server 116. save. The mail server 118 is a server that transmits and receives e-mails to and from the client terminal 111, and performs various types of contact processing with each client terminal 111. In the search system 100 having such a system configuration, the above glossiness The glossiness data of the measurement target 20 acquired by the measurement device 10 (see FIG. 1 and the like) is stored in the storage unit 16 (see FIG. 1 and the like) that forms a part of the database server 116 in association with the measurement target (product). Saved. That is, the glossiness data D2 of each product to be searched is acquired by the glossiness measuring apparatus 10, and the acquired glossiness data D2 is associated with other data (such as product ID data) of the target product and is stored in the database server. 116.

  Thereby, the gloss level data D2 of the product can be used during the search process of the search system 100, and the user can perform a product search based on the gloss level data D2 by operating the client terminal 111. For example, the web server 115 may narrow down search products by directly specifying the glossiness derived from the glossiness data D2 by the user. In this case, the user may directly specify the gloss level itself (for example, “high gloss”, “low gloss”, etc.), or an indirect condition (for example, “glitter”, “ Sensitive conditions such as “” may be designated. When an indirect condition representing glossiness is specified by the user, the web server 115 narrows down the products by acquiring corresponding glossiness data from the indirect condition specified by the user. Note that the method for specifying the glossiness (glossiness) of the user in the client terminal 111 at the time of product search is not particularly limited. For example, a plurality of specifiable glossiness (glossiness) candidates may be presented to the user in a display form such as a tag cloud, and the user may specify the desired glossiness (glossiness). The glossiness (glossiness) may be designated as a free keyword in any language.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Glossiness measuring device, 11 ... Light irradiation part, 12 ... Light detection part, 14 ... Calculation part, 16 ... Memory | storage part, 18 ... Measurement calculation controller, 20 ... Measurement object, 22 ... Measurement part, 32 ... Irradiation light, 34 ... Reflected light, 40 ... Glossiness measuring device, 42 ... Glossiness calculating device, 44 ... Measurement controller, 46 ... Calculation controller, 50 ... Warp, 52 ... Weft, 100 ... Search system, 110 ... Server system, 111 ... Client Terminal 112, network 115, web server 116 database server 117 image analysis server 118 mail server

Claims (10)

A light irradiation unit that irradiates light in a direction from the top of a hemisphere centered on the measurement unit to the measurement unit on the measurement object disposed in the measurement unit;
A plurality of light detection units that receive reflected light from the measurement target and generate light reception data, and a plurality of light detection units that respectively receive the reflected light traveling to different positions on the surface of the hemisphere;
A calculation unit that acquires the measurement target glossiness data based on the received light data ,
The position on the surface of the hemisphere of the reflected light received by the plurality of light detection units is:
Represented by an angle θ of 0 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to an axis passing through the top of the hemisphere and the center of the bottom surface, and an angle φ of 0 ° or more and less than 360 ° in the circumferential direction with respect to a reference position of the bottom surface;
The computing unit is
Projection data relating to the first angle based on the sum of the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the first angle and the angle θ is different on the surface of the hemisphere. Get
On the surface of the hemisphere, the angle φ is a second angle different from the first angle, and based on the sum of the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle θ is different, Obtaining projection data relating to the second angle;
A glossiness measurement device that acquires the glossiness data based on projection data related to the first angle and projection data related to the second angle. 2. The glossiness measuring apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first angle and the second angle are separated from each other by 180 ° with respect to a circumferential direction of the bottom surface. The computing unit is
Projection data relating to a plurality of angles including the first angle and the second angle is acquired based on the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions having different angles φ on the surface of the hemisphere. ,
Gloss measuring device according to claim 1 or 2 to obtain the gloss data based on the standard deviation of the projection data obtained in connection with the plurality of angles. The glossiness measuring apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the calculation unit acquires the glossiness data indicating a greater glossiness as the standard deviation is larger. The computing unit is
Obtaining an average in addition to the standard deviation of the projection data acquired for the plurality of angles;
When the standard deviation is represented by σ, the average is represented by m, and an integer greater than or equal to 0 is represented by n, the number of projection data indicating a value greater than or equal to m + nσ is obtained from the projection data related to the plurality of directions. The glossiness measurement apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the glossiness data is acquired based on the number. The glossiness measuring apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the calculation unit acquires the glossiness data indicating a greater glossiness as the number is larger. The arithmetic unit acquires the glossiness data based on the received light data of the reflected light passing through a position in a range where the angle θ satisfies θ> a first threshold on the surface of the hemisphere. Item 7. The glossiness measuring apparatus according to any one of Items 1 to 6 . The gloss measurement apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement target has a fiber structure. The measurement object arranged in the measurement unit is irradiated with light in a direction from the top of the hemisphere centered on the measurement unit toward the measurement unit, and the measurement object proceeds to different positions on the surface of the hemisphere. Based on the received light data generated by receiving the reflected light from, the calculation unit to obtain the gloss data of the measurement object ,
The position on the surface of the hemisphere of the received reflected light is:
Represented by an angle θ of 0 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to an axis passing through the top of the hemisphere and the center of the bottom surface, and an angle φ of 0 ° or more and less than 360 ° in the circumferential direction with respect to a reference position of the bottom surface;
The computing unit is
Projection data relating to the first angle based on the sum of the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the first angle and the angle θ is different on the surface of the hemisphere. Get
On the surface of the hemisphere, the angle φ is a second angle different from the first angle, and based on the sum of the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle θ is different, Obtaining projection data relating to the second angle;
A glossiness calculation device that acquires the glossiness data based on projection data related to the first angle and projection data related to the second angle. The light irradiation unit irradiates the measurement target arranged in the measurement unit with light in the direction from the top of the hemisphere centered on the measurement unit toward the measurement unit,
The reflected light from the measurement object, and the reflected light traveling to different positions on the surface of the hemisphere is received by each of a plurality of light detection units, and light reception data is generated,
A glossiness measurement method for obtaining glossiness data of the measurement object based on the received light data by a calculation unit ,
The position on the surface of the hemisphere of the reflected light received by the plurality of light detection units is:
Represented by an angle θ of 0 ° or more and 90 ° or less with respect to an axis passing through the top of the hemisphere and the center of the bottom surface, and an angle φ of 0 ° or more and less than 360 ° in the circumferential direction with respect to a reference position of the bottom surface;
The computing unit is
Projection data relating to the first angle based on the sum of the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle φ is the first angle and the angle θ is different on the surface of the hemisphere. Get
On the surface of the hemisphere, the angle φ is a second angle different from the first angle, and based on the sum of the received light data of the reflected light passing through a plurality of positions where the angle θ is different, Obtaining projection data relating to the second angle;
A glossiness measurement method for obtaining the glossiness data based on projection data related to the first angle and projection data related to the second angle.