JP6155846B2 - Silencer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a silencer.

  For example, a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3304443 by the same applicant as the present application is known as a technique for supporting musical instrument performance in a residential environment or the like that needs to consider the volume with respect to the surroundings (Patent Document). 1). According to this technique, the self-oscillation phenomenon peculiar to a wind instrument can be reproduced by electrically simulating the acoustic characteristics of the resonance tube of the wind instrument. Therefore, according to this technique, without attaching a resonance tube of a wind instrument to the mouthpiece, back pressure accompanying the self-excited oscillation phenomenon (pressure acting on the player's lips from the wind instrument when the player plays the wind instrument) Can be generated in the mouthpiece, so that the player can obtain a wind feeling peculiar to wind instruments. Further, according to this technique, the acoustic characteristic of the resonance tube of the wind instrument is electrically simulated, so that sound can be electrically synthesized with the resonance tube removed from the mouthpiece. Therefore, according to this technique, it is possible to obtain a sound whose volume is electrically adjusted without generating a sound from the resonance tube of the wind instrument.

Japanese Patent No. 3304443

  According to the above-described technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, although the volume of the output sound can be electrically adjusted, there is still a sound leaking from the mouthpiece, so there is a limit in reducing the volume. . Specifically, in the above-described technique, a padding such as cotton for suppressing air vibration is provided in the mouthpiece, and this padding can slightly reduce the sound volume. However, this padding is provided to accurately reproduce the above self-oscillation phenomenon by suppressing unnecessary reflection at the mouthpiece end (open end) due to the removal of the resonance tube of the instrument from the mouthpiece. Is not intended to reduce the volume. If the amount of padding is increased in order to reduce the volume, resistance to the exhalation breathed into the mouthpiece by the performer increases, so the wind feeling of the wind instrument is impaired. Therefore, according to the technique described above, there is a limit to the effect of reducing the volume of sound leaking from the mouthpiece.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this situation, and it aims at providing the silencer which can reduce the volume of the sound generated from the mouthpiece of the wind instrument, without impairing wind feeling.

A muffler according to an aspect of the present invention includes a conduit portion to which a blowing body is attached at one end, a vent pipe connected to the other end of the conduit portion and extending from the conduit portion, and the vent tube being filled. An inner diameter of the pipe section and the vent pipe at the connection portion between the pipe section and the vent pipe, and the inner diameter of the vent pipe at the distal end in the extending direction of the vent pipe. However, the inner diameter of the vent pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the vent pipe, and the vent pipe has a portion where the inner diameter of the vent pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe line portion.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the volume of a sound generated from a blowing body (for example, a mouthpiece) without impairing the feeling of playing.

It is a figure which shows typically an example of the whole structure of the musical sound apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for supplementarily demonstrating the structure of the musical sound apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer with which the musical tone apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention is provided. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the detail of the pipe line part which comprises the silencer with which the musical tone apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention is provided. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 1st modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 2nd modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 3rd modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 4th modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 5th modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 6th modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 7th modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 8th modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 9th modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the cross-section of the silencer by the 10th modification in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the physical model of the virtual tube part of the signal processing part with which the musical tone apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention is provided. It is explanatory drawing for supplementarily demonstrating the physical model of the virtual tube part of the signal processing part with which the musical tone apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention is provided. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the physical model of the virtual tube part of the signal processing part with which the musical tone apparatus by 3rd Embodiment of this invention is provided. It is explanatory drawing for supplementarily demonstrating the physical model of the virtual tube part of the signal processing part with which the musical tone apparatus by 3rd Embodiment of this invention is provided. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the whole structure of the musical sound apparatus by 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the attachment structure of the wave generation part of the musical sound apparatus by 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the element which is the same or respond | corresponds over all the drawings.

(First embodiment)
[Description of configuration]
FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of the overall configuration of the musical sound device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The musical sound device 100 electrically simulates the acoustic characteristics of a tubular part (for example, a part composed of a wind instrument body, a bow, and a bell) that functions as a resonance tube of a wind instrument, thereby generating a self-excited oscillation phenomenon unique to the wind instrument. The sound of the wind instrument is electrically synthesized while reproducing and generating the back pressure accompanying the self-oscillation phenomenon in the mouthpiece of the wind instrument.

In the present embodiment, the musical sound device 100 is described as one that synthesizes the sound of a woodwind instrument such as a saxophone, but the musical sound device 100 according to the present embodiment is not limited to this example, and the musical instrument 100 according to the present embodiment is a brass instrument such as a trumpet. It is applicable to all wind instruments including
Further, in the following description, the term “upstream side” refers to the inflow side of exhaled air that is blown from the mouthpiece of the wind instrument into the resonance tube, and the term “downstream side” refers to the outflow side of the exhalation. The term “terminal portion” refers to a position where a wave propagating from the upstream side to the downstream side of a natural wind instrument reflects, an open end formed by opening a sound hole of the wind instrument, and a downstream side (bell) of the wind instrument. Side) and an open end or a closed end corresponding to the end.

  The musical sound device 100 includes a mouthpiece 110, a silencer 120, an operator 130, a signal processing unit 140, a sound emitting unit 170, and a connecting unit 190. Among these, the mouthpiece 110 includes a lead 111 and is used for a natural wind instrument. However, it is not limited to this example, The mouthpiece 110 should just have the function similar to the mouthpiece of a wind instrument.

  The silencer 120 is for reducing the volume of the sound generated from the mouthpiece 110, and includes a pipe line part 121 and a sound absorbing part 122. The pipe part 121 is a tubular body having a structure corresponding to a neck part of a natural wind instrument, and is configured so that the mouthpiece 110 can be attached and detached. The sound absorbing part 122 absorbs sound propagating from the mouthpiece 110 through the pipe part 121. Details of the structure of the silencer 120 will be described later.

  The pipe section 121 of the silencer 120 is provided with a detection unit 123 and a vibration unit 124. Among these, the detection unit 123 detects a wave of sound propagating from the mouthpiece 110 to the inside of the pipe part 121 and outputs a detection signal SA, and is provided in the middle part of the pipe part 121 in the longitudinal direction. It has been. The detection signal SA is input to the signal processing unit 140. The detection unit 123 is a microphone, for example. The vibration unit 124 vibrates the internal space of the pipe line unit 121 based on the acoustic signal SB output from the signal processing unit 140. The vibration part 124 is provided in the middle part of the pipe part 121 in the longitudinal direction so as to be positioned in the vicinity of the detection part 123. The vibration unit 124 is, for example, a speaker.

  The operation element 130 corresponds to an operation key provided in a natural wind instrument, and is operated by a player's fingering. The operator 130 is composed of a plurality of switches (not shown) corresponding to the pitch, and outputs a fingering signal SC corresponding to the opening / closing of each switch of the operator 130 according to the fingering of the performer. The operation element 130 is fixed to the silencer 120 via the connecting portion 190. However, the operation element 130 may be separated from the silencer 120 without being limited to this example. As the operation element 130, for example, a function of an operation key of a wind synthesizer or a breath controller can be used.

  The signal processing unit 140 is for simulating the acoustic characteristics (wave transfer characteristics) of the instrument tube section described later with respect to the detection signal SA output from the detection unit 123 in accordance with the operation of the operator 130 by the performer. The acoustic signal SB is generated by performing signal processing. The signal processing unit 140 drives the vibration unit 124 with the acoustic signal SB to vibrate the diaphragm of the vibration unit 124. The signal processing unit 140 is configured using, for example, a digital signal processor (DSP). The signal processing unit 140 may be configured integrally with the silencer 120 or the operation element 130, or may be configured separately from these.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for supplementarily explaining the configuration of the musical sound device 100 of FIG. 1, and is a diagram for explaining the meaning of the “instrument tube body” described above. FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of a natural wind instrument 10 which is a woodwind instrument, and the number and arrangement of sound holes are simplified.
A natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG. 2 is, for example, a soprano saxophone that is a kind of woodwind instrument, and includes a mouthpiece 11, a neck portion 12, and a main tube body portion 13. The main tube body portion 13 constitutes a resonance tube including a body, a bow, a bell, and the like, and includes a plurality of sound holes Ha, Hb, Hc and a plurality of operation keys Ka, Kb, Kc for opening and closing each sound hole. Prepare. A neck portion 12 is attached to the upstream side of the main pipe body portion 13, and a mouthpiece 11 is attached to the upstream side of the neck portion 12. In FIG. 2, the position A corresponds to the position of the midway part in the longitudinal direction on the pipe line part 121 provided with the detection part 123 and the vibration part 124 shown in FIG. 1. The position B represents the position of the sound hole located on the most upstream side among the opened sound holes, and represents the position of the terminal portion formed by opening the sound hole. The position C represents the position of the downstream end of the natural wind instrument 10. In the example of FIG. 2, the sound hole Ha on the upstream side is closed with the operation key Ka and the sound holes Hb and Hc on the downstream side are opened by the fingering of the performer. Therefore, in this example, the position B of the sound hole Hb is the terminal portion. The neck portion 12 and the main tube portion 13 are not necessarily separable and may be formed integrally.

The above-mentioned “musical instrument body” is a downstream end of the natural wind instrument 10 from the position A corresponding to the position where the detection unit 123 and the excitation unit 124 of FIG. 1 are provided in the natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG. This refers to the part up to position C, which is a part. Therefore, the signal processing unit 140 simulates the acoustic characteristics on the downstream side with respect to the position A of the natural wind instrument 10 corresponding to the position where the detection unit 123 and the excitation unit 124 are provided.
Note that the attachment positions of the detection unit 123 and the excitation unit 124 can be arbitrarily set, and the signal processing unit 140 is adapted to the acoustic characteristics of the instrument tube unit determined according to the position A corresponding to these attachment positions. What is necessary is just to set suitably the acoustic characteristic which simulates.

  Returning to FIG. The signal processing unit 140 includes an amplifier 141, an analog / digital (A / D) converter 142, a filter 143, a virtual tube unit 144, a digital / analog (D / A) converter 145, an amplifier 146, and a fingering information generation unit. 147 and an amplifier 148 are provided. The amplifier 141 amplifies the detection signal SA output from the detection unit 123. The analog / digital converter 142 converts the detection signal SA amplified by the amplifier 141 into a digital signal SAD. The filter 143 is a howling prevention filter. The filter 143 may be composed of, for example, an equalizer.

  The virtual tube unit 144 electrically converts the acoustic characteristics of the above-described instrument tube unit based on the physical model with respect to the digital signal SAD input from the analog / digital (A / D) converter 142 via the filter 143. The digital signal SBD is output by performing signal processing for simulating the above. In this embodiment, the virtual tube unit 144 includes a delay unit 1441 having a delay characteristic corresponding to the length of the instrument tube unit (wave propagation distance inside the instrument tube unit). In the present embodiment, the function of the delay unit 1441 is realized by digital signal processing, but is not limited to this example, and may be realized by an analog circuit, for example.

  Generally, the downstream end (bell side) of the wind instrument is an open end. For this reason, for example, if all the sound holes are closed, the phase of the wave propagating from the upstream side to the downstream side of the wind instrument is reversed at the position of the downstream end of the wind instrument (position C in FIG. 2), This phase-inverted wave returns to the upstream side, and a self-oscillation phenomenon peculiar to wind instruments occurs. In a wind instrument having a tubular shape close to a straight shape, when the wave phase is inverted at the downstream end thereof, the frequency of the harmonic overtone of the wind instrument is an odd multiple of the frequency of the fundamental tone. In the example of FIG. The body part 144 simulates an acoustic characteristic that generates a sound that is an integral multiple of the fundamental frequency by not inverting the phase of the output signal of the delay part 1441 corresponding to the reflected wave at the downstream end of the wind instrument. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument simulated by the virtual tube unit 144 can be arbitrarily set.

  The digital / analog converter 145 converts the digital signal SBD input from the virtual tube unit 144 via the filter 143 into an analog signal. The amplifier 146 amplifies the analog signal from the digital / analog converter 145 and outputs it as an acoustic signal SB to the excitation unit 124. The amplification degrees of the amplifying units 141 and 146 are appropriately set so that the self-excited oscillation phenomenon unique to the wind instrument reproduced by the musical sound device 100 occurs.

  The fingering information generation unit 147 determines a pitch corresponding to the switch of the operator operated by the performer from the fingering signal SC output from the operator 130, and generates fingering information SCC indicating the pitch. Generate and output. As will be described later, the virtual tube unit 144 controls the delay characteristic of the delay unit 1441 on the basis of the fingering information SCC, so that it corresponds to the pitch corresponding to the switch of the operator 130 operated by the performer. Simulate the acoustic characteristics of the instrument tube.

  The amplifier 148 generates a sound signal for forming a sound emitted to the performer based on the digital signal SAD from the filter 143. The sound emitting unit 170 is, for example, a headphone, and emits sound to the performer according to the sound signal from the amplifier 148. It should be noted that if the performer can hear and perform the leakage sound from the mouthpiece 110, the lead 111, the silencer 120, etc., the amplifier 148 and the sound emission unit 170 are not necessarily provided, and the amplifier 148 and the sound emission are not necessarily provided. The unit 170 can be omitted.

Next, the structure of the silencer 120 will be described in detail.
FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of the silencer 120.
The silencer 120 includes a pipe line part 121 made of a tubular tube whose one end is detachably attached to the mouthpiece of the musical instrument, and a sound absorbing part 122 provided at the other end of the pipe line part 121.

  The pipe part 121 corresponds to the pipe part forming the neck part 12 of the natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG. The upstream end of the pipe line part 121 is formed in a shape to which the mouthpiece 110 can be attached. Specifically, for example, a cork 1211 is provided in a portion fitted into the mouthpiece 110 on the outer periphery of the pipe body forming the pipe line portion 121, similarly to the neck portion of the natural wind instrument. Thereby, the mouthpiece 110 can be attached to the duct portion 121 in the same manner as the attachment to the neck portion of the natural wind instrument. Preferably, the duct portion 121 is made of the same member as the neck portion of the natural wind instrument, but is not limited thereto.

  In the pipe line part 121, the detection part 123 and the vibration part 124 are provided in the site | part corresponding to the position A shown in above-mentioned FIG. The detection unit 123 is attached so that a part of the sound collection unit (for example, a diaphragm of a microphone) is exposed inside (inside) the pipe unit 121. Thereby, the detection unit 123 can detect a wave of sound generated in the pipe 121. The vibration unit 124 is attached such that its diaphragm (for example, a cone part of a speaker) is exposed in the pipe (inside) of the pipe line part 121. As a result, the excitation unit 124 can generate a sound wave in the pipe of the pipe line part 121.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the detection unit 123 and the excitation unit 124 are provided in the pipe line unit 121 so as to face each other, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the above self-oscillation phenomenon The detection unit 123 and the excitation unit 124 can be arbitrarily arranged as long as they are generated.

  A sound absorbing part 122 is provided at the downstream end of the pipe part 121. The sound absorbing part 122 absorbs sound at the downstream end of the pipe line part 121. The sound absorbing portion 122 is configured by filling a sound absorbing material 1224 in a tube of a ventilation tube 1221 formed of a tubular tube. The vent pipe 1221 is connected to the downstream end of the pipe line part 121 and is formed to extend in a direction away from the pipe line part 121. In the present embodiment, the vent pipe 1221 has a shape extending linearly, but may be, for example, a bent shape, and the shape is arbitrary as long as it does not impair the feeling of blowing. The tip in the extending direction (longitudinal direction in FIG. 3) of the vent pipe 1221 is open to the outside. The ventilation pipe 1221 also functions as a breathing duct. As a material for the sound absorbing material, any material can be used as long as it has a sound absorbing effect, such as urethane, cotton, glass wool, rock wool, and the like.

The vent pipe 1221 has a portion in which the inner diameter of the vent pipe 1221 is smaller than the inner diameter of the duct portion 121. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the vent pipe 1221 is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the duct section 121 at the connection portion between the duct section 121 and the vent pipe 1221, and the vent pipe 1221 extends over the entire longitudinal direction of the vent pipe 1221. A portion where the inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the duct portion 121 is formed. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, as in a second modification shown in FIG. 6 to be described later, a portion (second pipe) in which the inner diameter of the vent pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the duct portion 121 is formed in a part of the vent pipe. Part 1221B ₃ ) may be formed. Further, the pipe line part 121 and the vent pipe 1221 are connected to each other by a stepped wall part 1222 that extends outward in the radial direction of the vent pipe 1221.

  With the above structure, the exhaled breath that the performer has blown into the duct part 121 from the mouthpiece 110 can be extracted to the outside through the vent pipe 1221. In this manner, in the process of exhalation to the outside, the sound that is about to leak to the outside from the duct portion 121 via the vent pipe 1221 is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 1224. In this case, the smaller the inner diameter of the vent pipe 1221, the less the wave component that travels straight from the pipe line section 121 to the vent pipe 1221 and at the same time, and at the same time, the inner circumference of the tip of the vent pipe 1221 that is a part opening to the outside (Hereinafter, the area of the inner circumference of the tubular body is referred to as “inner diameter area”) is reduced, so that the sound absorbing effect by the sound absorbing portion 122 is enhanced.

  Further, the longer the dimension in the extending direction of the vent pipe 1221, the more the sound absorbing material 1224 that passes through the wave incident on the vent pipe 1221 before reaching the end of the vent pipe 1221. The effect is high. For this reason, it is possible to effectively obtain a silencing effect while suppressing the resistance to exhalation blown from the mouthpiece 110 by the performer without increasing the density of the sound absorbing material 1224.

  A sound insulation part 125 is provided for the pipe line part 121. The sound insulation unit 125 includes an outer sound insulation case 1251, a vibration isolation material 1252, an inner sound insulation case 1253, and sound absorption materials 1254 and 1255. The inner sound insulation case 1253 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the pipe line part 121 so as to cover the detection part 123 and the excitation part 124. From the inner sound insulation case 1253, the upstream end of the pipe line part 121 to which the mouthpiece 110 is attached and the entire sound absorbing part 122 protrude. The sound absorbing material 1255 is provided so as to fill the inner space of the inner sound insulating case 1253.

The outer sound insulation case 1251 is provided so as to cover the inner sound insulation case 1253. From the outer sound insulation case 1251, an upstream end portion of the conduit portion 121 to which the mouthpiece 110 is attached and a predetermined length portion on the distal end side of the sound absorbing portion 122 protrude. The sound absorbing material 1254 is provided so as to fill the internal space between the outer sound insulating case 1251 and the inner sound insulating case 1253. The anti-vibration material 1252 is provided on the entire outer surface of the outer sound insulation case 1251. However, the vibration isolator 1252 may be provided on a part of the outer surface of the outer sound insulation case 1251 (for example, a surface close to the excitation unit 124), or may be provided on the inner surface of the outer sound insulation case 1251.
By providing the sound insulation unit 125 as described above, it is possible to suppress the sound emitted from the excitation unit 124 from leaking outside the sound insulation unit 125.

Next, the detailed structure of the pipeline part 121 to which the detection part 123 and the vibration part 124 were attached is demonstrated.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the excitation unit 124 including a speaker includes a cone part that is a diaphragm. For example, the cone portion has a tapered shape rather than a planar shape. For this reason, by providing the vibration part 124 in the pipe line part 121, a recessed part is formed in the inner wall surface of the tubular body which comprises the pipe line part 121. FIG. For this reason, the inner diameter area of the pipe section 121 does not match the inner diameter area of the neck portion of the natural wind instrument. As described above, when the inner diameter area of the pipe line portion 121 is different from the inner diameter area of the neck portion of the natural wind instrument, the pitch of the sound generated may be shifted. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by providing an inner diameter area adjusting section in the pipe of the pipe section 121, the inner diameter area in the pipe of the pipe section 121 to which the vibration unit 124 is attached is approximately equal to the inner diameter area of the neck of the natural wind instrument. The shape of the pipe portion 121 in the pipe is adjusted so as to be the same. In the present embodiment, the fact that the inner diameter area in the pipe of the pipe section 121 is substantially the same as the inner diameter area in the pipe of the neck of the natural wind instrument means that, for example, the acoustic characteristics in the pipe are substantially the same for human hearing. means. Therefore, as long as the acoustic characteristics of human hearing are substantially the same, the inner diameter area of the pipe part 121 to which the vibration part 124 and the like are attached and the neck of the natural wind instrument corresponding to the pipe part 121 The inner diameter area in the tube may be different.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the details of the pipe section 121 constituting the silencer 120.
In the pipe of the pipe line part 121, an inner diameter area adjusting part 121 a is provided so as to protrude at a position facing the exciting part 124. The inner diameter area adjustment unit 121a has a shape close to a cone corresponding to the tapered shape of the cone portion 124a of the excitation unit 124. Since the detection part 123 is attached to the pipe line part 121 at the position where the inner diameter area adjustment part 121a is provided, for example, as shown in the figure, the detection part 123 is exposed from the central part of the inner diameter area adjustment part 121a. To be provided. By providing the inner diameter area adjusting section 121a, the inner diameter area in the pipe of the pipe section 121 becomes substantially the same as the inner diameter area of the corresponding portion of the neck portion of the natural wind instrument. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner diameter area S11 in the pipe portion 121 located at the central portion of the cone portion 124a of the vibration portion 124 is the case where the vibration portion 124 or the like is not attached. This is almost the same as the inner diameter area S12 (that is, the inner diameter area of the neck portion of the natural wind instrument corresponding to the duct portion 121).

In this way, the shape of the pipe portion 121 in the pipe is adjusted so that the inner diameter area of the pipe body in the pipe portion 121 is substantially the same as the inner diameter area of the natural wind instrument. Thereby, the deviation of the pitch of the tube resonance due to the shape of the excitation unit 124 can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the pitched sound can be improved.
In addition, the inner diameter area adjusting unit 121a may be attached so as to be retrofitted with respect to the inside of the pipe part 121 or may be formed so as to be integrated with the pipe part 121.

Next, a modified example of the silencer 120 described above will be described.
<First Modification>
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of the silencer 120A according to the first modification. The silencer 120A has a configuration in which the sound insulating portion 125 is removed from the configuration of the silencer 120 shown in FIG. Other configurations are the same as those of the silencer 120 described above.
According to the configuration of the silencer 120 described above shown in FIG. 3, the volume of the sound generated from the vibration operation of the vibration unit 124 or the sound leaked from the pipe part 121 due to the vibration of the pipe wall of the pipe part 121. Even if the noise level is large, an excellent silencing effect can be obtained. However, the sound insulation unit 125 is not necessarily provided in an environment where the volume of these sounds can be tolerated. If the sound insulating portion 125 is omitted, the device configuration can be simplified and the weight can be reduced.

<Second Modification>
FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120B according to a second modification. The silencer 120B includes a sound absorbing part 122B in place of the sound absorbing part 122 in the configuration of the silencer 120A of FIG. Sound absorbing unit 122B is provided with a vent tube 1221 b, and a sound absorbing material 1224 filled in the vent tube 1221 b, the vent tube 1221 b includes a first tubular portion 1221 b _1, a stepped wall portion 1221 b _2, second pipe portion 1221 b ₃ It consists of. Other configurations are the same as the above-described silencer 120A.
In addition, in this modification, the sound insulation part 125 mentioned above is not provided, However, You may provide the sound insulation part 125 also in this modification.

In the present modification, a part of the ventilation pipe 1221B has a second pipe part 1221B ₃ corresponding to a part whose inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe line part 121. That is, conduit section 121 and the first inner diameter of the tubular portion 1221 b ₁ in the connecting portion between the conduit portion 121 and the first pipe section 1221 b ₁ is equally set. The inner diameter in the extending direction leading end of the vent tube 1221 b that constitutes the sound absorbing portion 122B (inner diameter of the second pipe portion 1221 b ₃₎ is an inner diameter (of the first tubular portion 1221 b ₁ in the extending direction base end of the vent tube 1221 b Smaller than the inner diameter). Specifically, the first pipe portion 1221B ₁ constituting the vent pipe 1221B has one end connected to the other end of the pipe section 121 and has an inner diameter equivalent to the inner diameter of the pipe section 121. Further, the second pipe portion 1221B ₃ constituting the ventilation pipe 1221B has a peripheral edge at one end thereof connected to a peripheral edge at the other end of the first pipe part 1221B ₁ via a step wall part 1221B ₂ , and the first pipe part 1221B _1. Has an inner diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter. That is, the step wall portion 1221B ₂ is formed in an annular shape, and the diameter of the vent tube 1221B is connected so as to connect between the periphery of the other end of the first tube portion 1221B ₁ and the periphery of one end of the second tube portion 1221B _3. Extends in the direction. Further, the step wall portion 1221B ₂ has a step surface (not indicated) that connects the inner peripheral surface of the first tube portion 1221B _{1 and} the inner peripheral surface of the second tube portion 1221B ₃ , and this step surface is a pipe line portion. It faces the 121 pipe.

According to the first modified example described above, the inner diameter of the vent pipe 1221 joined to the downstream end portion of the conduit portion 121 is smaller than the inner diameter of the downstream end portion of the conduit portion 121. In this case, the wave is reflected at the stepped wall 1222 between the pipe line 121 and the ventilation pipe 1221. On the other hand, according to the present modification shown in FIG. 6, the first pipe portion 1221B ₁ located upstream of the step wall portion 1221B ₂ is filled with the sound absorbing material 1224. of the wave components incident on the first pipe section 1221 b _1, and wave component directed to the stepped wall portion 1221 b _2, a reflection component in the step surface of the stepped wall portion 1221 b ₂ is suppressed. Therefore, compared with the first modification, it is possible to suppress the influence of the reflected wave from the sound absorbing portion 122B on the wave inside the duct portion 121. Thereby, the self-oscillation phenomenon peculiar to a wind instrument can be accurately reproduced as compared with the first modified example, and both a better feeling of wind and a sound insulation effect can be achieved.

<Third Modification>
FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120C according to a third modification. The silencer 120C includes a sound absorbing portion 122C in place of the sound absorbing portion 122 in the configuration of the silencer 120A of FIG. The vent pipe 1221 </ b> C forming the sound absorbing part 120 </ b> C has the same shape as the downstream end of the pipe line part 121 in the shape of the opening at the base end part joined to the downstream end part of the pipe line part 121. Further, the vent pipe 1221C is formed in a taper shape in which the inner diameter gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end. In other words, the vent pipe 1221C is formed so that its inner diameter decreases from the base end in the extending direction of the vent pipe toward the tip. Other configurations are the same as the above-described silencer 120A.
In addition, in this modification, the sound insulation part 125 mentioned above is not provided, However, You may provide the sound insulation part 125 also in this modification.

  According to this modification, since there is no element corresponding to the step wall 1222 of the sound absorbing section 1222 according to the first modification, the influence of wave reflection from the sound absorbing section 122C is reduced. In addition, the vent tube 1221C has a tapered shape in which the inner diameter of the distal end is smaller than the inner diameter of the proximal end, so that the wave propagating through the inside is limited at the distal end portion. Thereby, like the second modification, the self-excited oscillation phenomenon peculiar to wind instruments can be reproduced with high accuracy, and both a better wind feeling and a sound insulation effect can be achieved. Note that the sound insulation effect of the vent tube 1221C increases as the tip end portion is thinner. Furthermore, since the vent pipe 1221C has a tapered shape, the wave reflected on the pipe wall of the vent pipe 1221C is scattered. Thereby, since the influence of resonance of the vent pipe 1221C itself is reduced, the deviation of the pitch of the pipe body resonance caused by the resonance of the vent pipe 1221C can be eliminated, and the accuracy of the pitch of the sound that is blown can be improved.

<Fourth Modification>
FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120D according to a fourth modification. The silencer 120D includes a sound absorbing unit 122D in place of the sound absorbing unit 122 in the configuration of the silencer 120A of FIG. The ventilation pipe 1221D that forms the sound absorbing part 122D has the same opening shape as the end part of the pipe line part 121 from the base end to the front end joined to the downstream side end part of the pipe line part 121. Other configurations are the same as the above-described silencer 120A.
In addition, in this modification, the sound insulation part 125 mentioned above is not provided, However, You may provide the sound insulation part 125 also in this modification.

  According to this modification, since the inner diameter of the vent pipe 1221D is larger than that of the silencer 120 described above, the wave component incident on the vent pipe 1221D from the mouthpiece 110 increases. Therefore, if the length of the vent pipe 1221D is the same as that of the vent pipe 1221, the volume at which the sound generated from the mouthpiece 110 leaks to the outside increases. However, if the length of the ventilation pipe 1221D is increased, a noise reduction effect equivalent to that of the silencer 120 described above can be obtained.

  Moreover, according to this modification, since the inner diameter of the vent pipe 1221D is larger than that of the silencer 120 described above, the resistance to exhaled breath blown by the performer is reduced. In addition, according to this modification, since there is no element corresponding to the step wall 1222 of the sound absorbing section 1222 according to the first modification, the influence of wave reflection from the sound absorbing section 122D is reduced. Therefore, according to the present modification, the self-oscillation phenomenon of the wind instrument can be accurately reproduced, and a wind sensation closer to that of a natural wind instrument can be obtained as compared with the first to third modifications described above. it can.

<Fifth Modification>
FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120E according to a fifth modification. The silencer 120E includes a sound absorbing part 122E instead of the sound absorbing part 122 in the configuration of the silencer 120A of FIG. The ventilation pipe 1221E forming the sound absorbing part 122E has the same opening shape as the end part of the pipe line part 121 from the base end to the front end joined to the downstream side end part of the pipe line part 121 as in the fourth modification. . In this modified example, the sound absorbing material 1224E filled in the vent pipe 1221E is filled so that the density increases from the base end in the extending direction of the vent pipe 1221E toward the tip, thereby the base end side of the vent pipe 1221E. The density on the tip side of the vent pipe 1221E is increased. Other configurations are the same as the above-described silencer 120A.
In addition, in this modification, the sound insulation part 125 mentioned above is not provided, However, You may provide the sound insulation part 125 also in this modification.

  According to this modification, by reducing the density of the sound absorbing material 1224E on the proximal end side of the vent pipe 1221E, the reflection of the wave at the sound absorbing material 1224E is effectively suppressed compared to the above-described fourth modification. be able to. On the other hand, the sound insulation effect can be maintained by increasing the density of the sound absorbing material 1224E on the distal end side of the vent pipe 1221E. Therefore, according to the present modification, the self-oscillation phenomenon of the wind instrument can be accurately reproduced, and a wind feeling closer to that of a natural wind instrument can be obtained as compared with the first to fourth modifications described above. it can.

<Sixth Modification>
FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120F according to a sixth modification. The silencer 120F further includes an inner sound insulation case 1253 and a sound absorbing material 1255, which are components of the sound insulation unit 125 shown in FIG. 3, in the structure of the silencer 120B according to the second modification shown in FIG. Other configurations are the same as the silencer 120B described above.
In addition, in this modification, the sound insulation part 125 mentioned above is not provided, However, You may provide the sound insulation part 125 also in this modification. Other configurations are the same as the above-described silencer 120A.
According to the present modification, in addition to the effects of the second modification described above, it is possible to isolate sound generated from the vibration unit 124 due to the vibration operation of the vibration unit 124. Therefore, according to this modification, the silencing effect can be improved compared to the second modification.

<Seventh Modification>
FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120G according to a seventh modification. The silencer 120G further includes an outer sound insulation case 1251 and a sound absorbing material 1254 which are components of the sound insulation part 125 shown in FIG. 3 in the structure of the silencer 120B according to the second modification shown in FIG. Other configurations are the same as the silencer 120B described above.
According to this modified example, in addition to the effect of the second modified example described above, in addition to the sound generated from the vibrating unit 124 due to the vibrating operation of the vibrating unit 124, the vibration of the pipe wall of the pipe line unit 121 is performed. Thus, the sound leaking from the inside of the pipe line part 121 can be insulated. Therefore, the silencing effect can be further improved compared to the sixth modification.

<Eighth Modification>
FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120H according to an eighth modification. The silencer 120H is the same as the silencer 120B according to the second modification shown in FIG. 6 described above, but includes an outer sound insulation case 1251, an inner sound insulation case 1253, and a sound absorbing material 1254, which are components of the sound insulation unit 125 shown in FIG. , 1255. Other configurations are the same as the silencer 120B described above.
According to the present modification, the vibration exciter 124 is doubly covered by the outer sound insulation case 1251 and the inner sound insulation case 1253, so that the silencing effect can be further improved compared to the seventh modification described above. .

<Ninth Modification>
FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of a silencer 120J according to a ninth modification. The silencer 120J includes the outer sound insulation case 1251, the inner sound insulation case 1253, and the sound absorbing material 1254 that are components of the sound insulation unit 125 shown in FIG. , 1255 and an anti-vibration material 1252. Other configurations are the same as the silencer 120B described above.
According to this modification, since the surface of the outer sound insulation case 1251 is covered with the vibration isolating material 1252, vibration of the outer sound insulation case 1251 due to vibration of the excitation unit 124 or the pipeline part 121 is suppressed. Therefore, the silencing effect can be further improved compared to the above-described eighth modification.

<10th modification>
FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a cross-sectional structure of silencers 120K, 120L, and 120M according to the tenth modification.
In the modification shown in FIG. 14A, the sound absorbing part 122K included in the silencer 120K includes a vent pipe 1221K and a sound absorbing material 1224. Here, the vent pipe 1221K includes a first pipe portion 1221B ₁ and a step wall portion 1221B ₂ similar to the vent pipe 1221B of the second modified example described above, and is provided in the second pipe portion 1221B ₃ of the second modified example. A second pipe portion 1221B ₄ is provided as a corresponding element. In the tenth modification, the second pipe portion 1221B ₄ includes a widened portion J that functions as a muffler in the middle in the extending direction. In this modification, the widened portion J is hollow, and the widened portion J is not filled with a sound absorbing material. Other configurations are the same as those of the silencer 120B according to the second modification described above.
According to this modification, the function as a muffler is exhibited in which the volume of the sound emitted to the outside is suppressed by the expansion and contraction of the exhaled air passing through the widened portion J and the attenuation of the exhaled pressure. . Therefore, the sound absorbing effect can be further improved by combining the sound absorption by the sound absorbing material 1224 filled in the vent pipe 1221K and the sound deadening by the widened portion J.

In the modification shown in FIG. 14B, the sound absorbing material 1224 is also filled in the widened portion J. Other structures are similar to the example shown in FIG. According to the modified example of FIG. 14B, since the sound absorbing effect by the sound absorbing material 1224 can be obtained also in the widened portion J, compared with the example shown in FIG. it can.
In the modification shown in FIG. 14C, the sound absorbing material 1224 is filled in a part of the widened portion J. Further, in this modification, a sound absorbing material 1224 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the pipe portion that forms the widened portion J. Other structures are similar to the example shown in FIG. According to the modified example of FIG. 14C, the wave diffused in the widened portion J is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 1224, so that the silencing effect by the muffler and the sound absorbing effect by the sound absorbing material can be optimized.
In addition, in the modification shown to FIG. 14 (A)-(C), the sound insulation part 125 mentioned above is not provided, However, You may provide the sound insulation part 125 also in this modification.

[Description of operation]
Next, the operation of the musical sound device 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
When the performer blows into the mouthpiece 110, the lead 111 attached to the mouthpiece 110 vibrates and a change in sound pressure occurs. This change in sound pressure is propagated as a wave from the mouthpiece 110 into the pipe portion 121. The detection unit 123 provided in the pipe line unit 121 detects a wave propagating in the pipe of the pipe line unit 121 and outputs a detection signal SA (analog signal) having a signal level corresponding to the amplitude of the wave to the signal processing unit 140. Output to.

  The amplifier 141 of the signal processing unit 140 amplifies the detection signal SA from the detection unit 123 into a signal suitable for the input characteristics of the analog / digital conversion unit 142 at the subsequent stage. The analog / digital conversion unit 142 converts the detection signal SA amplified by the amplifier 141 into a digital signal SAD and outputs the digital signal SAD to the filter 143. The filter 143 suppresses a frequency component that causes howling included in the digital signal SAD and outputs the suppressed frequency component to the virtual tube unit 144.

  The virtual tube unit 144 delays the digital signal SAD input from the filter 143 by delay processing in the delay unit 1441 and outputs the delayed signal as a digital signal SBD. By this delay processing, the virtual tube section 144 simulates the wave delay in the instrument tube section, that is, the acoustic characteristics (wave transfer characteristics) of the instrument tube section downstream from the position A shown in FIG. The digital signal SBD obtained by this signal processing represents a time waveform of the amplitude of the wave that propagates upstream after being reflected by the terminal end (open end) of the natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, the operator 130 indicates opening / closing of the switch of the operator 130 corresponding to opening / closing of the plurality of sound holes Ha, Hb, Hc of the natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG. 2 according to the player's operation (fingering). The fingering signal SC is output to the signal processing unit 140. The fingering information generation unit 147 of the signal processing unit 140 determines a pitch according to the operation of the operator 130 by the performer based on the fingering signal SC from the operator 130, and a pitch indicating the pitch. Information SCC is generated. The virtual tube unit 144 sets the delay amount of the delay unit 1441 based on the pitch information SCC.

  Here, the virtual tube unit 144 uses, as the delay amount of the delay unit 1441, the time required for the wave to propagate from the position A of the natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG. 2 to the terminal end (for example, the position B of the sound hole Hb). Set. As a result, the virtual tube unit 144 reproduces the acoustic characteristics of the tube unit of the natural wind instrument 10 on the downstream side from the position A shown in FIG. 2, and digital corresponding to the pitch of sound corresponding to the fingering of the performer. A signal SBD is generated and returned to the filter 143.

  The filter 143 suppresses the frequency component that causes the howling included in the digital signal SBD, and outputs it to the digital / analog converter 145. The digital / analog converter 145 converts the digital signal SBD from the filter 143 into an analog signal and outputs the analog signal to the amplifier 146. The amplifier 146 satisfies an analog signal from the digital / analog converter 145 so as to satisfy a condition necessary for generating the self-excited oscillation phenomenon (reproducing a wave loss caused by the wave propagating in the natural wind instrument). Is output to the vibration unit 124 as an acoustic signal SB.

  The vibration unit 124 is driven by the acoustic signal SB and passes through the internal space of the pipe line part 121 at a position (corresponding to the position A in FIG. 2) of the pipe line part 121 where the detection signal SA described above is detected. Vibrates and generates a wave in the tube. As a result, a wave substantially the same as the wave propagating downstream from the position A of the natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG. Formed. Waves formed in the pipe of the pipe part 121 by the vibration part 124 propagate from the pipe part 121 to the inside of the mouthpiece 110 on the upstream side to generate back pressure and push the lead 111 back. As a result, a self-excited oscillation phenomenon similar to that of the natural wind instrument 10 shown in FIG. 2 is reproduced, and a standing wave having the oscillation frequency is formed in the pipe 121. As described above, the sound wave formed in the pipe 121 is absorbed by the sound absorbing material 1224 in the process of propagating through the ventilation pipe 1221 constituting the sound absorbing section 122 of FIG. Thereby, the volume of the sound emitted to the outside is suppressed, and quietness is obtained.

  Further, the sound formed in the pipe of the pipe line unit 121 is detected by the detection unit 123 and reflected in the digital signal SAD supplied to the virtual tube unit 144 and the amplifier 148 through the filter 143 of the signal processing unit 140. The The amplifier 148 of the signal processing unit 140 amplifies the digital signal SAD reflecting the sound and drives the sound emitting unit 170 (for example, headphones). Thereby, a sound having a pitch corresponding to the operation of the operator 130 by the performer is emitted from the sound emitting unit 170 to the performer. Note that the input of the amplifier 148 is not limited to the digital signal SAD from the filter 143, and is any signal as long as it is a signal in the signal processing unit 140 and based on the detection signal output from the detection unit 123. But you can. For example, the input of the amplifier 148 may be a digital signal SBD input from the virtual tube unit 144 to the filter 143 or an analog signal output from the digital / analog converter 145. When the input of the amplifier 148 is a digital signal, a digital / analog converter that converts the digital signal input to the amplifier 148 into an analog signal may be provided in the amplifier 148.

  Here, when the opening / closing of the switch of the operator 130 is changed by the player's operation, the signal processing unit 140 delays the delay unit 1441 of the virtual tube unit 144 based on the fingering signal SC indicating the opening / closing of the switch. Change the amount. Thereby, the frequency of the wave formed when the vibration part 124 vibrates the internal space of the pipe part 121 changes, and the pitch of the sound in the pipe of the pipe part 121 changes. When the pitch of the sound in the pipe of the pipe line section 121 changes, the pitch of the sound indicated by the digital signal SAD output from the filter 143 of the signal processing section 140 changes, so that sound is emitted based on the digital signal SAD. The pitch of the sound emitted from the unit 170 changes. Therefore, the performer can perform by operating the operation element 130 while listening to the sound emitted from the sound emitting unit 170.

  As described above, according to the musical sound device 100 of the present embodiment, it is possible to reproduce the sound while obtaining a wind feeling similar to that of a natural wind instrument without attaching the tube portion of the natural wind instrument to the mouthpiece. Therefore, it is possible to enjoy the performance of the wind instrument at a desired volume without actually generating sound from the tube body portion of the wind instrument.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an example of a physical model of the virtual tube unit 244 of the signal processing unit (not shown) included in the musical sound device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for supplementarily explaining an example of the physical model of the virtual tubular portion according to the present embodiment. A natural wind instrument 10a schematically illustrated in the upper part of FIG. 16 is a closed wind instrument having a closed end on the downstream side, and includes a mouthpiece 11a, a neck portion 12a, and a main tube portion 13a. The main tube portion 13a has an octave. A hole OH is provided. In the example of FIG. 16, the resonance tube including the neck portion 12a and the main tube body portion 13a is regarded as a straight shape for simplification of description.
In the musical sound device according to the present embodiment, in the configuration of the musical sound device 100 according to the first embodiment described above, a virtual tube portion having the function of the octave hole OH of the natural wind instrument 10a shown in FIG. 244 (FIG. 15). Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  When reproducing the sound of a brass instrument such as a trumpet, the digital signal SAD obtained from the detection signal SC detected by the detection unit 123 is delayed and fed back in the positive phase, thereby peaking at a frequency that is an integral multiple of the fundamental tone. The characteristic with can be realized. Thus, the performer can generate a pitch of an Nth-order mode (N is a natural number) that is a natural number multiple by tensioning the lips, and can perform in a wide range. However, the virtual tube unit 144 according to the first embodiment described above can generate a fundamental tone of each pitch, but generates a pitch higher than the secondary mode due to the characteristics of the lead of a woodwind instrument such as a saxophone. The sound range is narrowed because it cannot be made.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the signal processing unit 244 determines the acoustic characteristics of the instrument tube unit based on a physical model that reflects the behavior of the wave inside the instrument tube unit according to the opening and closing of the octave hole of the wind instrument. Simulate. In other words, in the present embodiment, an octave hole for virtually inducing a secondary mode pitch only one octave higher in the middle of a closed-closed tube expressed by a simple delay unit, a wave guide or the like. Realized using the technology of As a result, the range of the reproduced sound is expanded.

If the natural wind instrument 10a in FIG. 16 does not have the octave hole OH and a simple delayed signal is fed back in the normal phase, the mouthpiece 11a of the natural wind instrument 10a, the neck portion 12a upstream from the position A, and the position A Waves inside the neck portion 12a and the main tube portion 13a on the downstream side of the wind instrument are as shown by a solid line in the lower part of FIG. 16 if the resonance tube including the mouthpiece 11a and the neck portion 12a is regarded as a straight shape. This is represented by a standing wave related to sound pressure when the phase does not reverse at the downstream end (closed end) position P3 (position C in FIG. 2). In such a wind instrument, in order to generate a secondary mode pitch one octave higher than the above standing wave as a fundamental tone, the position of the node is set as shown by the broken line in the lower part of FIG. Change it. For this purpose, in the example of FIG. 16, the total length of the natural wind instrument 10a corresponds to a half wavelength, and the position P2 corresponding to an eighth wavelength from the position P3 of the downstream end of the natural wind instrument 10a toward the upstream side. An octave hole OH may be formed in the substrate. In the example of FIG. 16, a node may be generated at a position P4 having an eighth wavelength downstream from the position P1 of the upstream end of the natural wind instrument 10a.
When the position P4 corresponds to the virtual pipe, the octave hole OH of the virtual pipe may be installed at either one of the position P2 or the position P4, or may be installed at both the position P2 and the position P4. Also good. When the position P4 is outside the virtual tube, that is, the position of the mouthpiece 11a or the neck portion 12a, an actual octave hole may be opened at that position and actually opened and closed.

The virtual tube part 244 shown in FIG. 15 is configured so as to simulate a wave downstream from the position A among the waveforms illustrated by dotted lines in the lower part of FIG.
The virtual tube unit 244 includes delay units 201, 206, 211, gain adjusters 202, 208, 209, 213, 214, subtracters 203, 205, 210, an adder 204, low pass filters 207, 212, Consists of Among these, the sound pressure at the branch point of the octave hole OH is calculated from the traveling wave signal in the direction toward the branch point where the octave hole OH branches by the gain adjusters 202, 209, 214 and the adder 204. Is done. Further, the subtracters 203, 205, and 210, based on the output signal of the adder 204, from the branching point where the octave hole OH branches, the backward wave toward the upstream tube side, the downstream tube side, and the octave hole, respectively. A waveform is generated.

  Here, the delay unit 201 delays the wave in the main tube part 13a from the position A of the natural wind instrument 10 shown in the lower part of FIG. 16 (that is, the position of the detection unit 123 and the excitation unit 124) to the position P2 of the octave hole. The delay unit 206 expresses the delay of the main pipe body part 13a from the position P2 of the octave hole OH of the natural wind instrument 10a shown in the lower part of FIG. Represents the delay in the octave hole OH. The low-pass filter 207 represents a frequency-dependent loss due to propagation in the main tube portion 13a. The low-pass filter 212 expresses frequency-dependent loss due to propagation in the octave hole OH and reflection at each opening end when the octave hole OH is opened. The gain adjusters 202, 209, and 214 express waveguide coefficients α1, α2, and αt for simulating the wave scattering phenomenon in the virtual tube. The gain adjusters 208 and 213 represent the reflection coefficients γ and γt at the closed ends or the open ends of the main tube portion 13a and the octave hole OH.

In the physical model of the waveguide in the present embodiment, the waveguide coefficients α1, α2, and αt, the inner diameter area S of the main tube portion 13a, and the inner diameter area St of the octave hole OH have the following relationship.
α1 = α2 = 2 · S / (2 · S + St)
αt = 2 · St / (2 · S + St)

In the present embodiment, the reflection coefficient γ expressed by the gain adjuster 208 is “+ a” (a is a positive number), and the reflection characteristic at the end of the closed wind instrument in which the end on the downstream side of the tube is closed. Is virtually represented. The reflection coefficient γt of the gain adjuster 213 is “+ a” when the octave hole of the virtual tube portion corresponding to the octave hole OH of the natural wind instrument 10a is closed, and is “−a” when it is opened. That is, the reflection coefficient γt of the gain adjuster 213 takes a value of “+ a” or “−a” according to the operation of the operator corresponding to the octave hole OH by the player.
According to the above configuration, since the virtual tube unit 244 can simulate the function of the octave hole OH of the natural wind instrument 10a, it is possible to generate a sound having a pitch that is an integral multiple of the fundamental tone, and in a wide sound range. The performance becomes possible.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 17 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the overall configuration of the musical sound device according to the present embodiment. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram for supplementarily explaining an example of a physical model of the virtual tube unit of the signal processing unit included in the musical sound device according to the present embodiment.
The musical sound device according to the present embodiment includes a virtual tubular body portion 344 that simulates the acoustic characteristics of a tapered conical tube in place of the virtual tubular body portion 144 in the configuration of the musical sound device 100 according to the first embodiment described above. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  The virtual tubular part 344 shown in FIG. 17 is based on a physical model that approximates the acoustic characteristics of a musical instrument tubular part of a wind instrument composed of a conical pipe using the acoustic characteristics of a plurality of cylindrical tubes. The acoustic characteristics of the part are simulated. In this embodiment, two cylindrical tubes that approximate a conical tube are realized by a waveguide filter.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 18, the approximation of the conical tube by two cylindrical tubes is demonstrated. The upper part of FIG. 18 shows the entire conical natural wind instrument 10b. In this example, the natural wind instrument 10b includes a mouthpiece 11b, a neck portion 12b, and a main tube body portion 13b made of a conical tube. The lower part of FIG. 18 shows an example in which the conical tube of the natural wind instrument 10b is approximated by two cylindrical tubes. In this example, the conical tube forming the main tube portion 13b of the natural wind instrument 10b is approximated by two cylindrical tubes 131b and 132b. Hereinafter, the cylindrical tube 131b is referred to as a “main tube portion 131b”, and the cylindrical tube 132b is referred to as a “sub tube portion 132b”. One end of the main pipe portion 131b is connected to the neck portion 12b of the wind instrument, and a sub pipe portion 132b is attached so as to branch from this position. The length of the main pipe portion 131b corresponds to the length from the position P3 of the downstream end portion of the main pipe body portion 13b constituting the natural wind instrument 10b to the position P5 of the downstream end portion of the neck portion 12b, and the main pipe portion 131b. The inner diameter area S1 is substantially the same as the inner diameter area of the neck portion 12b. Moreover, the length of the sub pipe part 132b is L2, and the internal diameter area is S2.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the virtual tube portion 344 shown in FIG. 17 approximates the main tube portion 13b of the natural wind instrument 10b, which is a conical tube, using two cylindrical tubes, a main tube portion 131b and a sub tube portion 132b. This is assumed to be a case, and is generally composed of elements corresponding to the components of the virtual tube part 244 shown in FIG. However, in the present embodiment, the meaning of the parameter expressed by each component is different.

In FIG. 17, a delay unit 301 expresses a delay of the tubular body from a position P1 of the front end portion of the musical instrument shown in the lower part of FIG. 18 to a position P5 of one end on the upstream side of the main pipe portion 131b. The delay in the unit 131b is represented, and the delay unit 311 represents the delay in the sub-pipe unit 132b. The low-pass filters 307 and 312 express a frequency-dependent loss due to reflection at each opening end of the main pipe portion 131b and the sub pipe portion 132b. The gain adjusters 302, 309, and 314 represent waveguide coefficients αi, αL, and αx for simulating the wave scattering phenomenon in the virtual tube. The gain adjusters 308 and 313 represent the reflection coefficients γL and γx at the open ends of the main pipe portion 131b and the sub pipe portion 132b, respectively. The adder 304 combines the wave transmission characteristics upstream of the branch position P5 between the main pipe portion 131b and the sub pipe portion 132b, the wave transfer characteristics of the main pipe portion 131b, and the wave transfer characteristics of the sub pipe portion 132b. To do. In the present embodiment, the reflection coefficients γL and γx expressed by the gain adjusters 308 and 313 are both “−a” (a is a positive number) representing the open end.
In this embodiment, since the mouthpiece 110 and the neck portion 120 in FIG. 1 corresponding to the mouthpiece 11b and the neck portion 12b shown in FIG. 18 are not virtual tubes but parts similar to natural instruments are used. The delay unit 301 shown in FIG. 17 is omitted. In this case, the digital signal SAD is directly input to the gain adjuster 302 in FIG. 17 from the analog / digital converter 142 in FIG. 1 through the filter 143.

In the physical model of the waveguide in this embodiment, the waveguide coefficients αi, αL, αx, the inner diameter area S1 of the main pipe portion 131b, and the inner diameter area S2 of the sub pipe portion 132b have the following relationship.
αi = αL = 2 · S1 / (2 · S1 + H · S1)
αx = 2 · H · S1 / (2 · S1 + H · S1)
S2 = H ・ S1
L2 = H · r

  Here, H is an arbitrary positive value, and is normally set to a value of 0 <H <1. The smaller the value of H, the more accurately the characteristics of the conical tube can be approximated. r is an upstream end of the main pipe part 131b (cone forming the main pipe part 13b) from the position P0 of the virtual cone obtained by extending the hypotenuse of the conical pipe forming the main pipe part 13b of the natural wind instrument 10b. It is the distance to the position P5 at one end on the upstream side of the tube. L1 is the length of the main pipe portion 131b, and L2 is the length of the sub pipe portion 132b.

  In the above-described example, the virtual tube portion 344 represents the main tube portion 13b of the natural wind instrument 10b made of a conical tube with two branched cylindrical tubes (the main tube portion 131b and the sub tube portion 132b). A physical model realized by using a wave guide may be used in which cylindrical pipes having different diameters are connected to each other by being cut into pieces in the longitudinal direction. Further, as in a natural wind instrument, a physical model in which a sound hole is provided in the middle of the main tube portion 13b may be configured by a wave guide, and each pitch may be realized by opening and closing the sound hole.

  Further, the virtual tube unit 344 may be configured so that the type of wind instrument can be changed with a single touch according to the player's preference. For example, multiple physical models that simulate the acoustic characteristics of multiple natural wind instruments with different shapes, such as soprano saxophone and alto saxophone, are prepared, and the physical model is switched according to the tubular shape realized on the digital signal processor. It may be switched by means.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 19 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the overall configuration of the musical sound device 400 according to the present embodiment. Elements that are the same as or correspond to the components shown in FIG.
In the configuration of the musical sound device 100 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the musical sound device 400 includes a signal processing unit 440 instead of the signal processing unit 140, and a main tubular body unit 40 and a wave generation unit 160 of a natural wind instrument. Is further provided. In addition, the musical sound device 400 according to the present embodiment includes a fingering detection unit 150 as an element corresponding to the operator 130 of the musical sound device 100 according to the first embodiment. This fingering detection unit 150 is the same as the operator 130 of the first embodiment in that it detects the player's fingering. In this embodiment, the fingering detection unit 150 is attached to the main body of the natural wind instrument. In this state, the fingering of the performer is detected. In the present embodiment, the attachment positions of the detection unit 123 and the vibration unit 124 in the pipe line part 121 correspond to the attachment positions of the vibration part 163 attached to the main pipe body part 40.

  In the configuration of the signal processing unit 140 included in the musical sound device 100 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above, the signal processing unit 440 uses a physical model that simulates the acoustic characteristics of an open-pipe instrument instead of the virtual tube unit 144. A virtual tube unit 444 based thereon is provided. Note that the acoustic characteristics of the wind instrument simulated by the virtual tube unit 444 are not limited to this example and are arbitrary.

  The wave generation unit 160 is attached to one end on the upstream side of the main tube body unit 40, and vibrates the internal space of the main tube body unit 40 based on the detection signal SA output from the detection unit 123. The wave which goes to is generated. The wave generation unit 160 includes an amplification unit 161, a volume adjustment unit 162, and an excitation unit 163. The amplification unit 161 amplifies the detection signal SA output from the detection unit 123. The volume adjustment unit 162 adjusts the volume of the sound by adjusting the amplitude of the output signal of the amplification unit 161. The vibration exciter 163 excites the internal space on the upstream side of the main tube body 40 based on the signal adjusted by the volume adjuster 162. Other configurations are the same as those of the musical sound device 100 of the first embodiment.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, the performer performs a fingering operation using the operator 130 that is different from the operation keys of the natural wind instrument, and the sound synthesized in response to this fingering operation is output from the sound emitting unit. In this embodiment, the performer performs the performance by operating the operation keys provided on the main tube section 40 of the natural wind instrument. Then, the main tubular portion 40 of the natural wind instrument is caused to resonate by causing a wave to enter the main tubular portion 40 from the upstream side of the main tubular portion 40 based on the sound synthesized according to the performance of the performer. This reproduces a timbre close to that of a natural wind instrument.

  FIG. 20 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a mounting structure of the wave generator 160 of the musical sound device 400 according to the present embodiment. One end on the upstream side of the main tube body portion 40 is fitted into an insertion hole (not indicated) formed in the connecting portion 1601. A connecting portion 1601 is fixed to the outer sound insulation case 1251 constituting the silencer 120. Thereby, the main pipe body part 40 is fixed to the silencer 120 via the connecting part 1601. Further, a vibration exciter 163 is attached to the upstream opening of the main tube body 40. The excitation unit 163 is covered with a sound insulation case 1602, and the outer surface of the sound insulation case 1602 is covered with a vibration isolation material 1603. With such a sound insulation structure, an unnecessary sound generated with the vibration operation of the vibration unit 163 attached to the main tube body part 40 is suppressed.

Hereinafter, the operation of the musical sound device 400 will be described with reference to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 while paying attention to the wave generator 160 which is a characteristic part of the present embodiment.
As in the first embodiment described above, when the performer blows into the mouthpiece 110, the above-described self-excited oscillation phenomenon unique to the wind instrument occurs, corresponding to the operation keys of the main tube section 40 operated by the performer. A pitch sound is formed in the pipe of the pipe line part 121. The detection unit 123 detects a wave of sound formed in the pipe of the pipe line unit 121, generates a detection signal SA having a signal level corresponding to the amplitude of the wave, and transmits the detection signal SA to the wave generation unit 160 and the signal processing unit 440. Output.

  In the wave generation unit 160, the amplifier 161 amplifies the detection signal SA and outputs it to the volume adjustment unit 162. The volume adjusting unit 162 adjusts the volume by adjusting the amplitude of the signal amplified by the amplifier 161. The excitation unit 163 is driven by the signal whose volume is adjusted by the volume adjustment unit 162, and vibrates the internal space on the upstream side of the main tube body unit 40. As a result, a wave is generated by the excitation unit 163 and sent to the main tube body 40.

  Here, the wave generated by the excitation unit 163 is a wave having the same phase as that of the pipe 121 formed in the same manner as the natural wind instrument. The same acoustic effect as when directly connected to the downstream end of the pipe line part 121 can be obtained. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reproduce a tone color similar to that of a natural wind instrument. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the fingering detection part 150 is mounted | worn with the main pipe body part 40 of a natural wind instrument, the operation feeling similar to a natural wind instrument can be acquired.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the volume adjustment unit 162 can adjust the excitation amount of the excitation unit 163. Thereby, the volume of the sound emitted from the main tube 40 can be arbitrarily adjusted. Therefore, if the volume is reduced by the volume adjustment unit 162, it can be performed in a mute state, for example, at night. In an environment where it is acceptable to increase the volume, such as during the day, the volume can be increased by the volume adjustment unit 162 and the performance can be enjoyed at the same volume as a natural wind instrument.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the performer operates the main body part of the natural wind instrument and generates sound using the main body part. Therefore, the player can perform with the fingering operation feeling and tone color closer to the natural wind instrument. Can enjoy. In addition, the wind instrument can be practiced / played with the volume set freely.

According to each embodiment mentioned above, the silencer for wind instruments using a virtual tube can be realized. In addition, it is possible to realize a musical sound device that realizes a woodwind mute function with excellent portability, excellent silent performance, and good sound quality in a wide sound range.
In addition, a natural wind instrument mouthpiece can be used as it is.
Furthermore, for example, it is possible to support playing a musical instrument with a small volume at home or playing at a travel destination.

100, 400 ... Musical device, 110 ... Mouthpiece, 111 ... Lead, 120, 120A, 120B, 120C, 120D, 120E, 120F, 120G, 120H, 120J, 120K, 120L, 120M ... Silencer, 121 ... Pipe section 121a ... Inner diameter area adjustment unit, 122, 122B, 122C, 122D, 122E, 122F, 122K, 122L, 122M ... Sound absorption unit, 123 ... Detection unit, 124 ... Excitation unit, 124a ... Cone unit, 125 ... Sound insulation unit, 140, 440 ... signal processing unit, 144, 244, 344, 444 ... virtual tube unit, 1211 ... cork, 1221, 1221B, 1221C, 1221D, 1221E, 1221K ... vent tube, 1221B ₁ ... first tube unit, 1221B ₃ ... 1221 b 4 _... second tubular portion, 1222,1221B ₂ ... Sakabe unit, 1224 ... sound absorbing material, 1251 ... outer soundproof case, 1252 ... vibration-proof material, 1253 ... inner soundproof case, 1254,1255 ... sound absorbing material, J ... widened portion.

Claims (4)

A conduit section to which the brass band is attached at one end;
A vent pipe connected to the other end of the pipe section and extending from the pipe section;
A sound-absorbing material filled in the vent pipe;
With
Inner diameters of the pipe section and the vent pipe at the connection portion between the pipe section and the vent pipe are set to be equal,
The inner diameter of the vent pipe at the distal end in the extending direction of the vent pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the vent pipe at the proximal end in the extending direction of the vent pipe,
The vent pipe is a silencer having a portion in which the inner diameter of the vent pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe section. The vent pipe is
A first pipe having one end connected to the other end of the pipe section and having an inner diameter equivalent to the inner diameter of the pipe section;
A second tube portion having an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the first tube portion;
An annular stepped wall portion connecting between the periphery of the other end of the first tube portion and the periphery of the one end of the second tube portion;
The silencer according to claim 1 , comprising: The silencer according to claim 1 , wherein the vent pipe is formed such that an inner diameter thereof decreases from a base end in the extending direction of the vent pipe toward a tip end. The silencer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the sound absorbing material is filled in the vent pipe so that the density thereof increases from the base end in the extending direction of the vent pipe toward the tip.

Images