JP6153552B2 - Simple evaluation method for oil - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a simple oil evaluation method, and more particularly to an evaluation method capable of accurately evaluating the presence or absence of oil (especially oil in contaminated soil) while being a simple method. Further, the present invention relates to an evaluation method that can easily perform relative evaluation between a plurality of objects and the amount of oil of the object by comparing the light emission levels.

  In recent years, when a site such as a factory or a gas station is reused, the soil in the site is sometimes contaminated with mineral oil or other chemical substances, and countermeasures against these contaminated soils are required.

  The soil contaminated with such oil usually determines whether it is contaminated by visual observation or odor.

  Various techniques have also been developed as methods for evaluating the presence or absence of oil (see Patent Documents 1 to 4). Various techniques have also been developed for methods specialized in the evaluation of soil oil content (see Patent Documents 5 to 7).

Japanese Patent No. 4654894 Japanese Patent No. 4816600 Japanese Patent No. 5087063 Japanese Patent No. 5298602 JP 2008-8622 A Japanese Patent No. 3949487 JP 2003-344289 A

  However, the evaluation methods of Patent Literatures 1 to 4 require complicated image processing and data processing (see Patent Literatures 1 to 3), and complicated optical equipment (see Patent Literature 4). There is a problem that becomes a large-scale.

Moreover, all the evaluation methods of Patent Literatures 5 to 7 have to apply a treatment agent such as an organic solvent or a phosphor to the soil, and there is a problem that although there is a difference in degree, an environmental load is given ( (See paragraph [0001] in Patent Document 5). In particular, in the evaluation method of Patent Document 7, since fluorescent powder is directly sprayed on the soil, there is a problem of giving an environmental load to the soil.
Moreover, in the evaluation method of patent document 5, 6, the oil component of soil must be extracted with an organic solvent previously, and there also exists a problem that evaluation requires time.

  Furthermore, even soil that does not contain contaminants such as mineral oil (no remedial action is required), the actual soil has a certain amount of oil. Some of these soils occupy most of the oil that does not lead to contamination, such as oil cake mixed as fertilizer. However, even if such so-called normal soil is evaluated by the evaluation methods of Patent Documents 5 to 7, all of these oils are extracted and evaluated, so that it is determined that the soil is rich in oils. However, there is also a problem that a false evaluation that a purification measure is necessary even though a purification measure is not originally required is made.

  In addition, soil that has been determined to be contaminated with oil by visual inspection or odor is subjected to purification treatment. After such treatment work is completed, it is determined whether or not the oil purification has been completed. The current situation is that the part is sampled and analyzed in detail. Accordingly, there is a problem in that the actual construction work or the like cannot proceed to the next process until the analysis is completed, and the construction period is prolonged. In addition, there is a problem in terms of cost because the analysis cost is high.

As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have come to the knowledge that the presence or absence of oil (especially oil in contaminated soil) can be evaluated very easily and accurately by using a fat-soluble dye.
Moreover, when the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention is used for the evaluation of contaminated soil, the oil floating on the water surface (oil free from the soil) can be evaluated, and soil for which purification measures are necessary It has come to the knowledge that it can be easily and accurately evaluated whether or not.

The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems described above, and is a simple oil evaluation method that can accurately evaluate the presence or absence of oil (especially oil in contaminated soil) while being a simple method. For the purpose of provision.
Further, the present invention relates to an evaluation method that can easily perform relative evaluation between a plurality of objects and the amount of oil of the object by comparing the light emission levels.
Furthermore, it is related with the evaluation method which can perform the confirmation work (evaluation) after a purification process simply and objectively.

In order to achieve the above object, a simple oil evaluation method according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a water supply step of supplying white colored water to a container having an inner wall made of an oil repellent material, As the next process of the supplying process, there are an evaluation object supplying process for supplying the evaluation object to the container, a fat-soluble dye solution mixing process for mixing the fat-soluble dye solution with the oil film present on the water surface, and a fat-soluble dye solution mixing process. It is characterized by having an irradiation step of irradiating the water surface with ultraviolet rays or infrared rays, and evaluating the presence or absence of oil and / or the amount of oil from the light emission degree of the oil film.

Simple evaluation method of oil according to claim 2 of the present invention, the evaluation object supplying step, wherein the soil mixing process der Rukoto mixing the oil contaminated soil in a container.

The simple oil evaluation method according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that the fat-soluble dye solution is a curcumin solution or an oil red solution.

The oil simple evaluation method according to claim 4 of the present invention includes a numerical process for quantifying the degree of luminescence of the oil film during the irradiation process, and the presence or absence of oil and / or the amount of oil from the value quantified by the numerical process. It has the evaluation process which evaluates the some of these.

The simple oil evaluation method according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that the digitizing step converts the luminous intensity of the oil film into 256 gradations.

According to the simple method for evaluating oil according to the present invention, ultraviolet rays or infrared rays are irradiated by utilizing a phenomenon in which a fat-soluble dye solution is mixed with an oil film and the color developed when the fat-soluble dye solution is dissolved in the oil component becomes clear. Since the evaluation is performed based on the degree of luminescence at the time, the presence or absence of oil can be easily and accurately evaluated even with a small amount of oil. Moreover, even if it has been determined that there is no problem in the visual evaluation until now (no need for purification measures), the presence or absence of oil can be properly evaluated, and an appropriate response can be taken.
Furthermore, by comparing the light emission levels, a relative evaluation between a plurality of objects can be easily performed.

According to the simple oil evaluation method according to claim 2 of the present invention, since the container whose inner wall surface is made of an oil-repellent material is used, the oil does not adhere to the inner wall surface of the container. Becomes easier to visually recognize, and more accurate evaluation can be performed.

According to the simple oil evaluation method according to claim 3 of the present invention, it is possible to easily and accurately evaluate the presence or absence of oil even in soil contaminated with oil.
In addition, since it is possible to evaluate the oil released from the soil, it is possible to prevent the situation in which all the oil in the soil is extracted and evaluated as before, and soil that really needs cleanup measures. It is possible to easily and accurately evaluate whether or not.
Moreover, the presence or absence of oil can be legitimately evaluated even for soil that has been visually judged to have no problem (no need for purification measures), and an appropriate response can be taken.
Furthermore, the relative evaluation between the plurality of target soils can be easily performed by comparing the luminescence levels.

  According to the simple oil evaluation method according to claim 4 of the present invention, the presence or absence of oil can be more effectively evaluated by using a specific material for the fat-soluble dye solution.

  According to the simple oil evaluation method according to claim 5 of the present invention, the presence or absence of oil can be evaluated easily and more accurately by setting the numerical value process to 256 gradations. In addition to the qualitative evaluation of the presence or absence of oil, it is possible to perform a quantitative evaluation of the amount of oil in an object or the amount of oil between a plurality of objects.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of implementing the simple evaluation method of the oil which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of implementing the simple evaluation method of the oil which concerns on this invention using the container by which the inner wall surface was comprised with the oil-repellent material. It is a photograph which shows the state at the time of evaluating the oil content of contaminated soil using the simple evaluation method of the oil which concerns on this invention. It is a photograph which shows another state at the time of evaluating the oil content of contaminated soil using the simple evaluation method of the oil which concerns on this invention. It is a photograph which shows the state at the time of evaluating the soil which is not polluted using the simple evaluation method of the oil which concerns on this invention. It is a graph which shows the result of having evaluated the oil content of the oil film which exists in the water surface using the simple evaluation method of the oil which concerns on this invention. It is a graph which shows the result of having evaluated the oil content of the soil which changed the oil concentration artificially using the simple evaluation method of the oil which concerns on this invention. It is a photograph which shows the result of FIG. It is a graph which shows the result of having evaluated the oil content of the actual contaminated soil using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is merely an example embodying the present invention, and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

(First embodiment)
First, the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention requires that two steps of a fat-soluble dye solution mixing step and an irradiation step are performed on an oil film existing on the water surface. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state when a simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention is carried out. Hereinafter, each step will be described.

(Fat-soluble dye solution mixing process)
First, a liquid (or water containing oil) containing oil as an evaluation object is supplied to the container 2a filled with water 1. As a result, the oil 4 is collected on the water surface 3.
Next, the water-soluble dye solution (not shown) is mixed with the water 1 in which the oil component 4 is present, whereby the fat-soluble pigment is dissolved in the oil component 4 to cause color development. Various methods can be adopted for mixing the water in which the oil film exists and the fat-soluble dye solution. For example, a method of mixing using a stirrer or a fat-soluble dye solution on the water surface in which the oil film is present. The method of dripping and mixing can be mentioned.
In this embodiment, a container filled with water is used. However, when evaluating a water surface where an oil film has already floated, the fat-soluble dye is mixed by directly mixing the fat-soluble dye solution with the water surface. Let the color develop.

  Here, the fat-soluble dye solution used in the present invention is obtained by dissolving a fat-soluble dye in water or an organic solvent. In addition, as the fat-soluble pigment, various pigments can be used as long as they emit light when irradiated with ultraviolet rays or infrared rays in an irradiation step described later. From the viewpoint of high coloring power and high dissolving power to oil. It is preferable to use curcumin or oil red. As for the organic solvent, it is preferable to use lower alcohols in consideration of solubility in water. The concentration of the fat-soluble pigment is appropriately determined according to the type of oil to be evaluated, but is preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight.

(Irradiation process)
Next, after leaving the container in which the fat-soluble dye solution is mixed, the water surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays or infrared rays according to the used fat-soluble dye. Specifically, ultraviolet rays (such as commercially available black light) are irradiated when a curcumin solution is used, and infrared rays (such as commercially available halogen light) are irradiated when an oil red solution is used.
Then, when oil is present on the surface of the water, the oil is colored by dissolving in the fat-soluble dye solution, and it becomes easier to visually recognize and emit light by irradiating with ultraviolet rays or infrared rays. Thus, the presence or absence of oil can be easily and accurately evaluated even with a small amount of oil.

  In addition, if a digital camera is used and various lens filters are used together as necessary to digitize the image (data), the degree of light emission can be evaluated more accurately, and between multiple objects. It is preferable because accurate relative evaluation can be performed even when performing relative evaluation.

(Second embodiment)
Moreover, the simple evaluation method of the oil concerning this invention can improve the precision of evaluation more by using the container by which the inner wall surface was comprised with the oil-repellent material. The process for that will be described below. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state when the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention is carried out using a container having an inner wall made of an oil-repellent material.

(Water supply process)
In such an embodiment, first, water 1 is spread on a container 2b whose inner wall surface 5 is made of an oil-repellent material. In addition, as such a container, what was produced with materials, such as a polystyrene and a fluorine resin, is mentioned.

(Evaluation target supply process)
Next, a liquid (or water containing oil) containing oil as an evaluation object is supplied to the container 2b filled with water 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the oil component 4 does not come into contact with the inner wall surface 5 of the container 2 b but gathers inside the inner wall surface 5.
And after that, in the state where the oil component 4 has gathered inside the container 2b, the above-mentioned fat-soluble dye solution mixing process and irradiation process are implemented and the presence or absence of oil is evaluated.

Therefore, the present embodiment including the water supply step and the evaluation object supply step can make the colored oil more easily visible and can perform more accurate evaluation because there is no variation in the degree of color development. Become.
On the other hand, when using a container whose inner wall surface is made of an oleophilic material, a large amount of oil is collected on the inner wall surface due to surface tension. When this occurs, the degree of coloration will vary (the degree of coloration near the inner wall surface will increase, but the degree of coloration in the center will decrease), making accurate evaluation difficult. .

(Third embodiment)
Moreover, the simple evaluation method of the oil concerning this invention can be used also for evaluation of the oil content of contaminated soil. The process for that will be described below. FIG. 3 is a photograph showing the state when the oil content of the contaminated soil is evaluated using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is the oil content of the contaminated soil using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a photograph showing a state when soil that has not been contaminated is evaluated using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention.
In this embodiment, the evaluation object supply process in the second embodiment is the same as the second embodiment except that the soil contaminated with oil is mixed in a container. Become.

(Soil mixing process)
First, the water supply process described in the second embodiment is performed.
Next, the contaminated soil 6 contaminated with oil is mixed in a container filled with water (a container whose inner wall surface is made of an oil repellent material). At this time, the oil in the soil may be dispersed in water using a stirring device.
Then, in the state where the oil is gathered inside the container, the above-described fat-soluble dye solution mixing step and irradiation step are performed to evaluate the presence or absence of oil.

  Note that FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a state in which the present embodiment is performed by dissolving a small amount of white paint in water to make the water surface as a base white, but this makes it easier to visually recognize the degree of light emission. Therefore, it is preferable.

Further, FIG. 5 is a photograph showing the state when the uncontaminated soil 7 is evaluated, but it is simply because there is almost no coloration when there is no oil floating on the water surface (oil free from the soil). And the presence or absence of oil can be accurately evaluated.
Therefore, according to the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention, the presence or absence of oil can be accurately evaluated even if the object to be evaluated is contaminated soil containing oil.

(Fourth embodiment)
Finally, a fourth embodiment of a simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention will be described.
In such an embodiment, the presence or absence of oil or / or from the quantification step for quantifying the luminescence degree of the fat-soluble dye in the irradiation step in the first to third embodiments, and the value quantified by the quantification step And the process similar to 1st-3rd embodiment will be performed except having the evaluation process which evaluates the some of oil quantity. The process for that will be described below.

  First, the irradiation process described in the first embodiment is performed. In addition, the water mixing process described in 2nd embodiment, the evaluation target object supply process, and the soil mixing process described in 3rd embodiment are performed as needed.

(Numericalization process)
Next, the light emission degree when ultraviolet rays or infrared rays are irradiated in the irradiation step is quantified.
Although various methods such as simple binarization processing and various complex algorithm processing can be adopted as a numerical method, the amount of light emission is reduced from the viewpoint of easy numericalization and high evaluation accuracy. It is preferable to convert to 256 gradations.

Specifically, first, the degree of light emission when ultraviolet rays or infrared rays are irradiated is photographed with a digital camera.
Next, the brightness and contrast of the captured image are adjusted as necessary so that the difference in light emission level becomes clear. Finally, the luminous intensity of such an image is digitized in 256 gradations (grayscale) or 256 gradations (full color).

(Evaluation process)
Next, the presence or absence of oil and / or the amount of oil is evaluated from the values quantified by the above quantification step.
Here, as described in Paragraph [0008], when the evaluation object is soil, even if it is normal (cleanup measures are not required), it has a certain amount of oil.
Therefore, this embodiment, which can evaluate the oil floating on the water surface (oil free from the soil) and further quantify such oil, is not only a qualitative evaluation of the presence of oil, Quantitative evaluation of the amount of oil in an object or the amount of oil between a plurality of objects can also be performed. That is, a more quantitative evaluation can be performed as compared with the irradiation process in the first embodiment, and it is easy and accurate from the viewpoint of selecting a purification method as well as determining the necessity of a purification measure ( (Appropriate) judgment can be made.

  Next, a simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention will be described in detail based on examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to a following example. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of evaluating the oil content of the oil film present on the water surface using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the result of the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the result of evaluating the oil content of soil with varying oil concentration, FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the result of FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is the actual contamination using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention. It is a graph which shows the result of having evaluated the oil content of soil.

Example 1
First, prepare 4 bottles containing 50 ml of water in a polystyrene container with an opening diameter of 90 mm and a depth of 15 mm. Fill each container with 10 μl, 30 μl, and 50 μl of light oil, and do not fill with light oil as a blank. Things were made.
Next, 100 μl of a 0.3 wt% oil red 2-propanol solution (fat-soluble dye solution) was placed in each container, and oil red was dissolved in light oil.
Next, after leaving for 5 minutes, oil light is emitted by irradiating with a halogen light, and an image of a polystyrene container is taken using a CCD camera, and the light emission amount is set to 255 using 256 gradations (grayscale). Quantified in stages. The results are shown in FIG.

  As a result, it was confirmed that the oil amount and the numerical value have a proportional relationship under a high correlation coefficient. It was also confirmed that the evaluation was possible even when the amount of oil was as small as 10 μl (evaluation that it was different from the blank was possible). Therefore, it was confirmed that the presence or absence of oil can be easily and accurately evaluated by using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention.

(Example 2)
Next, in order to confirm that the simple method for evaluating oil according to the present invention can be applied to the evaluation of soil oil, the oil content of soil in which the oil concentration was artificially changed was evaluated.
First, what mixed light oil with the density | concentration of 1000 mg / kg, 3000 mg / kg, and 5000 mg / kg to 100 g of wash | cleaned soil, and the thing which does not mix light oil as a blank were produced.
Next, 4 pieces of 50 g of water in a polystyrene container having an opening diameter of 90 mm and a depth of 15 mm were prepared, and 5 g of the above soil was put in each container and lightly stirred.
Next, 100 μl of a 0.3 wt% oil red 2-propanol solution (fat-soluble dye solution) was placed in each container, and oil red was dissolved in light oil.
Next, after standing for 5 minutes, irradiate with halogen light to cause the fat-soluble dye to emit light, take an image of a polystyrene container using a CCD camera, and adjust the amount of light emission using 256 gradations (grayscale). Digitized in 255 steps. The results are shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.

  As a result, even in the contaminated soil, it was confirmed that the oil amount and the numerical value were proportional to each other under a high correlation coefficient. In addition, it was confirmed that the evaluation can be performed even when the contamination concentration is as low as 1000 mg / kg (evaluation that it is different from the blank is possible). Therefore, it was confirmed that the presence or absence of oil can be evaluated easily and accurately even in contaminated soil by using the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention.

(Example 3)
Next, in order to confirm that the simple method for evaluating oil according to the present invention is useful as an evaluation of contaminated soil, the oil content of the contaminated soil was evaluated.
First, the thing (contaminated soil) which mixed light oil with the density | concentration of 10000 mg / kg to 100 g of wash | cleaned soil was produced.
Next, by mixing 0.5 wt%, 1.0 wt%, and 2.0 wt% of activated carbon with the contaminated soil thus prepared, three types of soil were prepared in which light oil adsorption treatment was performed in stages, and activated carbon was used as a blank. Soil (contaminated soil itself) was prepared.
Next, four 50 g of water was prepared in a polystyrene container having an opening diameter of 90 mm and a depth of 15 mm, and 5 g of the above soil was added to each container and lightly stirred.
Next, the oil film of each container was subjected to visual evaluation in four stages, which is a conventional evaluation method. In the visual evaluation, when the oil film level was 2 or more, it was determined that purification measures were necessary. The evaluation criteria at each stage are as follows.
Oil film level 0: Oil film cannot be recognized (no purification measures are required)
Oil film level 1: A white film floats on the surface of the water (no need for purification measures)
Oil film level 2: Seven-color oil film interference fringes on the surface of the water (purification measures are required)
Oil film level 3: Clearly recognizable oil film (purification measures are required)
Next, 100 mg of a 0.3 wt% oil red 2-propanol solution (fat-soluble dye solution) was placed in each container, and oil red was dissolved in light oil.
Next, after standing for 5 minutes, irradiate with halogen light to cause the fat-soluble dye to emit light, take an image of a polystyrene container using a CCD camera, and adjust the amount of light emission using 256 gradations (grayscale). Digitized in 255 steps. The results are shown in FIG. 9 together with the results of visual evaluation.

  As a result, the soil in which 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt% of activated carbon were mixed, which was determined to be oil film level 1 (no need for purification measures) by visual evaluation, had a numerical value of 255 in the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention. The results were 72 and 40, respectively, and it was found that the amount of oil released from the soil was clearly different.

In addition, the soil mixed with 2.0 wt% of activated carbon determined to have an oil film level of 0 by visual evaluation has a numerical value of 37 at the 255 level in the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention. The blank soil that was not mixed with activated charcoal was determined to be 80 in the 255th step in the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention.
Therefore, even if the soil is mixed with 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt% of activated carbon (soil that is judged to require no purification measures in visual evaluation), the oil film level is actually 0 for the soil mixed with 1.0 wt% of activated carbon. It was found to be the same level of soil.
On the other hand, the soil mixed with 0.5 wt% of activated carbon is soil at the same level as oil film level 2, and it has become clear that it is actually a soil that requires remedial measures.
From this, the simple oil evaluation method according to the present invention can easily and accurately evaluate the degree of contamination that may have been overlooked in the conventional visual and odor evaluation without detailed analysis. I understood.
Moreover, it turned out that the confirmation work (evaluation) after a purification process can be performed simply and objectively.

  The method of the present invention can be used for simple evaluation of oil (especially oil in contaminated soil).

1 Water 2a Container 2b Container 3 Water surface 4 Oil 5 Inner wall surface 6 Contaminated soil 7 Uncontaminated soil (no purification measures are required)

Claims (5)

A water supply step for supplying white colored water to a container having an inner wall made of an oil repellent material;
As the next step of the water supply step,
An evaluation object supply step of supplying the evaluation object to the container;
A fat-soluble dye solution mixing step of mixing a fat-soluble dye solution with an oil film present on the water surface;
After the fat-soluble dye solution mixing step, an irradiation step of irradiating the water surface with ultraviolet rays or infrared rays,
A simple method for evaluating oil, characterized by evaluating the presence or absence of oil and / or the amount of oil based on the luminous intensity of an oil film.
The evaluation object supply step includes
2. The simple oil evaluation method according to claim 1 , which is a soil mixing step of mixing oil-contaminated soil into the container.
The fat-soluble dye solution is
Simple evaluation method of oil according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the curcumin solution or oil red solution.
A quantification step for quantifying the degree of luminescence of the fat-soluble dye solution produced during the irradiation step;
The simple oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising an evaluation step of evaluating the presence or absence of oil and / or the amount of oil from the value digitized by the digitization step. Evaluation method.
The quantification step is
The simple evaluation method for oil according to claim 4 , wherein the light emission degree of the oil film is converted into 256 gradations.