JP6152536B2 - Section marking device and section marking program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention makes it easy to distinguish between the cross section and the end face of various structural elements such as pillars and beams that constitute a building, and structural elements such as reinforcing bars (hereinafter referred to as “frames, etc.”) arranged in the structural body. The present invention relates to a cross-section labeling apparatus and a cross-section labeling program that contribute to the performance.

The verification work of the cross-sectional state, the arrangement state or the bar arrangement state of the frame (hereinafter referred to as “validation contents”) is performed using the cross-sectional view creation function of the three-dimensional CAD system (for example, refer to the following patent document). Extract information according to the purpose from the already edited image data, and create a cross-sectional view, layout view, external view or interior view (hereinafter referred to as “verification view”) as appropriate, and perform it while referring to the verification view The technique is taken.

JP 2001-227060 A JP 2011-037079 A

For example, each element included in a cross section (hereinafter referred to as “designated cross section”) cut along a plane (hereinafter referred to as “boundary plane”) given by a predetermined operation when attempting to obtain information on the verification content. The cross section (hereinafter referred to as “element cross section”) and the initial end (hereinafter referred to as “element end face”) of the housing, etc. are the minimum area according to the specifications of the housing, etc. If the inclination occurs between the line of sight and the axis of the casing, the specification shape is expressed in a distorted form according to the inclination angle. However, it is difficult to distinguish between the two.
Further, when the inclination generated between the line of sight and the axis of the casing becomes a right angle, the element cross section of the casing or the like is represented by a simple straight line (see FIG. 13), and exists close to the element cross section and the boundary surface. It is almost impossible to distinguish from an element end face such as a frame.

  Conventionally, such an inconvenience is that after the cross section is taken out, the cross section of the casing or the like is specified, and is deformed to an arbitrary form different from the end face of the casing or the like, or the cross section is colored differently from the end face of the casing or the like It was solved by taking measures such as giving.

  However, the operation of identifying the form of the frame or the like appearing in the designated cross section of the building between the element cross section and the element end face is, for example, for a reinforcing bar, carefully refer to the bar arrangement list and the specifications of each reinforcing bar. It was a very time-consuming and labor-intensive task.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the distinction between the element cross section cut at the specified boundary surface and the element end surface in the vicinity of the boundary surface can be made within a range in which each cross-sectional form can be visually observed. An object is to provide a cross-section marking apparatus and a cross-section marking program that can be easily performed even when viewed from an angle.

The present invention made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem may be included in the boundary surface in a section of a cut object detecting means for detecting an object cut at a specified boundary surface and a cut object cut at the boundary surface A cross-sectional marking device comprising a marking means for providing a wavy marking surface that can be visually recognized by a visual line (a visual line having a part or all of a line drawn on the boundary surface) and a computer function as the cross-sectional marking device This is a cross-section marking program.
For example, the marking means may employ a technique of providing a marking surface having a wave shape with a depth of sin α × constant with respect to the phase α of the outer periphery centering on a part of the section of the cut reinforcing bar.

  The cross-section marking device, for example, when trying to verify the bar arrangement state of the reinforcing bars contained in the housing, a specified housing detecting means for detecting a cutting housing cut at a specified boundary surface, and the cutting housing Reinforcement detecting means for detecting the constituent reinforcing bars included, cutting reinforcing bar detecting means for detecting the cutting reinforcing bars cut at the boundary surface from the constituent reinforcing bars, and a line of sight that can be included in the boundary surface in the section of the cut reinforcing bars It can be set as a cross-sectional marking apparatus provided with the marking means which provides the wavy marking surface which can be performed.

  According to the cross-sectional marking device according to the present invention, the cross-section of the cut object cut at the boundary surface is provided with a wavy marking surface that can be visually recognized with a line of sight that can be included in the boundary surface, thereby being cut at the specified boundary surface. The element cross section and the element end face near the boundary surface can be easily distinguished.

  In this way, when identifying the form of the frame or the like appearing in the specified cross section of the building between the element cross section and the element end face, it is said that the individual specifications should be carefully checked while referring to the list of components. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a time-consuming and labor-intensive work, which contributes to a quick check of a bar arrangement state without a burden.

It is a block diagram which shows an example of the object structure and hardware structure of the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process performed with the cross-sectional marking apparatus by this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the marking surface division | segmentation process in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the triangle group movement process in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is the flowchart and explanatory drawing which show an example of the up vector creation process (designated point) in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the up vector creation process (a node and an end point) in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the up vector creation process (a node and an end point) in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the start point in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention, a node, an end point, an end surface, and an element cross section. It is the flowchart and explanatory drawing which show an example of the cross-section depth calculation process in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is the flowchart and explanatory drawing which show an example of the marking surface division | segmentation process in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the marking surface division | segmentation process in the marking process performed with the cross-section marking apparatus by this invention. It is an image which shows an example of a section and an end surface displayed with a CAD system containing a section indication device by the present invention. It is an image which shows an example of the section and end face displayed with the conventional CAD system .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a cross-section marking apparatus and a cross-section marking program according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings, taking as an example a reinforcement arrangement verification support apparatus incorporating the section marking program.
The bar arrangement verification support device exemplified here is a three-dimensional CAD system for buildings (hereinafter referred to as “CAD system ”) having a function of editing three-dimensional editing data and projection data thereof (hereinafter referred to as “editing function”). ).

The example shown in FIG. 1 includes hardware resources such as a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a recording medium such as a hard disk, an input / output interface, and a communication interface, and programs such as an operation system OS and an application program AP are installed on the recording medium. This is an example in which the CAD system is realized as a computer system.

The CAD system has a mouse object 1 for inputting a user instruction, and has an editing function for editing graphic data or text data based on the instruction input by the mouse object 1, and stores and manages the edited information. Building data object 2, cutting object 3 for creating a solid having a cross section cut at a desired boundary surface of a specified frame based on the data, the graphic data or text created by the building data object 2 or the cutting object 3 It has a configuration including a display object 4 for displaying data (see FIG. 1A).

[Mouse object]
The mouse object 1 moves the cursor on the display screen, and the contents of the input operation (command, etc.) and the screen coordinates (coordinates based on the two-dimensional coordinate system indicating the position of the screen) performed with the mouse or the like are sent to the display object 4. Send.

[Display Object]
The display object 4 includes a graphic object and a display matrix (affine transformation matrix).
The display object 4 is the building data created by the building data object 2 or the cutting object 3 or the like according to various commands given to the display object 4 such as a command output by the mouse object 1 or Editing data (hereinafter referred to as “frame data”) representing the form and structure of the building, which is a component of the building, in terms of axis coordinates, skin coordinates, cross-sectional coordinates, circle radius, and the like, and projection data thereof as graphic objects (for example, “ DirectX (registered trademark) "or" OpenGL (registered trademark) "etc.) and displayed on the display screen.

[Building Data Object]
The building data object 2 includes an editing unit that performs the editing function in cooperation with the mouse object 1 and the like, and a storage unit that stores and manages editing data created by the editing unit and projection data thereof.

(Editing means)
The editing means derives the space coordinates of the editing space from the contents of the input operation obtained from the mouse object 1 and the screen coordinates, and divides the space coordinates of the editing space into the structures constituting the building. In the recording area of the storage means.

The editing means creates the frame data or combines them to edit the building data such as floor plan, ceiling plan, elevation, and plan views.
The building data or the frame data created by the editing unit is stored in the recording unit of the storage unit as data in a predetermined format such as DXF format.

In this example, the building data and the frame data of the floor plan are the attribute data of the frame included in the floor plan, the bar arrangement list data of the reinforcing bars arranged in each frame, and the reinforcing bars used for the frame. Data (hereinafter referred to as “rebar data”).
Note that the attribute data specifies, for example, the hierarchy constituting the building, the enclosure classification such as pillars or beams included in the hierarchy, and the enclosure axis and enclosure skin (the surface is assumed to be a thin skin) of the enclosure. It is data to be.

(Storage means)
For example, the storage means has a character string such as “1F” in the hierarchy, a character string such as “post” in the case classification, and the character string in the case axis. Sides that hold the connecting points (nodes) of the straight lines that form the frame axis as a continuous point group, and are held as polygons that form the cross section (plane) that includes the nodes in the case of the cross section of the frame. Is stored in the recording means as the skin coordinates, the coordinates of the quadrangle including the triangle ABC or the triangle ABC obtained by dividing the quadrangle and the vertices P0 to Pn (see FIG. 10).

As the skin coordinates, the plane or curved surface of the body skin is stored as, for example, a linear function, a subdivided mesh, or coordinates of each triangle constituting a triangle group.
The linear function gives a virtual grid line to a plane or curved surface, and, for example, a method of changing the amount of increase in the normal direction in proportion to the distance from the starting point of the grid line for each line. Are defined by mathematical formulas or programs.

The bar arrangement list data is data including use information and arrangement information of reinforcing bars included in each case for each case constituting the building.
The reinforcing bar data is data such as a reinforcing bar name (attribute), a reinforcing bar material, a reinforcing bar axis, a reinforcing bar diameter, and the like of the reinforcing bars included in each case.
It should be noted that the skin coordinates and the like of the reinforcing bars are appropriately generated by a process of creating a pseudo polygon from the reinforcing bar diameter and sweeping along the rebar axis line (rebar alignment).
In this way, by selecting a method for applying a standardized meat (skin) to the shaft, it is possible to prevent the recording area of the recording means from being consumed unnecessarily.

The rebar axis is a point, a straight line, or a curve represented in the editing space of the three-dimensional coordinate system in the three-dimensional CAD system for buildings.
The curve is a circle, an arc, an ellipse, an elliptic arc, a parabola, a hyperbola, a Bezier curve, a clothoid curve or another curve, which is a line segment defined by a mathematical expression or a function.

The reinforcing bar name and the reinforcing bar diameter are, for example, a combination of a symbol that replaces the reinforcing bar name and a number that replaces the reinforcing bar diameter.
The rebar diameter is the diameter of the rebar. The radius of the reinforcing bar is the distance from the reinforcing bar axis to the skin in the direction perpendicular to the reinforcing bar axis.

  The radius may be constant or may provide a proportional change along a linear or curvilinear axis, such as a cone, truncated cone or coke bottle type along the axis.

[Cut object]
The cutting object 3 is an example of a cross-sectional marking device according to the present invention, and a cross-sectional marking program that causes a computer to function as the cutting object (cross-sectional marking device) 3 and the hardware resource operate in cooperation. .
The cutting object 3 in this example creates projection data of a three-dimensional image from the projection data of the floor plan of the designated floor and the bar arrangement list data of the frame included in the projection data, and displays them on the display screen. Display means, designated housing detection means for detecting a cutting housing cut at a specified boundary surface, reinforcing bar detection means for detecting a structural reinforcing bar included in the cutting housing, and cutting from the structural reinforcing bar at the boundary surface A cutting rebar detection means (cutting object detection means) for detecting a cutting rebar, and a marking means for forming a cross section of the cutting rebar into a wavy marking surface that can be visually recognized with a line of sight that can be included in the boundary surface.

  Hereinafter, an example of a display process, a specified frame detection process, a reinforcing bar detection process, a boundary surface setting process, a cut reinforcing bar detection process, a marking process, and various processes associated with them performed by the cutting object 3 will be described.

(Display processing)
In the display process, the display means for the cut object 3 receives, for example, designation of a hierarchy to be displayed based on a command from the mouse object 1, and the building data object 2 with respect to the building data object 2. A command for searching column data (column frame data) and beam data (beam frame data) included in the designated hierarchy is output from all the building data or the frame data stored in the recording area.

The building data object 2 that has received the command outputs the search result of the command to the cutting object 3.
The display unit that has received the search result creates the projection data based on the building data or the frame data of the floor plan and outputs the projection data to the display object 4, for example.
The display object 4 is a graphic object and a display matrix that it holds, and displays the projection data received from the cutting object 3 on the display screen as a surface or line of the body skin.

(Specified housing detection processing)
In the designated body detection process, the designated body detection means receives designation of a body to be considered for reinforcement arrangement based on a command from the mouse object 1, and receives the designation body detection means of the cut object 3 from the designated body detection means. Command to specify the specified enclosure.
The designated body detection means of the cut object 3 that has received the command specifies, for example, the body designated by the input operation (for example, “click operation” by the mouse) on the floor plan displayed on the display screen. .

At that time, the designated body detection means derives a screen normal passing through one point of the screen coordinates (cursor position coordinates) designated by the input operation, and converts the screen normal into the three-dimensional coordinates of the editing space. Then, a frame that intersects the screen normal in the editing space is detected.
When the designated body detecting means detects the designated body, it notifies the reinforcing bar detecting means of the cutting object 3 of the body and proceeds to the next process. If the body cannot be detected, the designated body detecting means passes the display object 4 or the like. The user is alerted and waits until the chassis is specified by the user's input operation.

(Rebar detection processing)
The reinforcing bar detecting means that has received the notification of the cutting target casing from the designated casing detecting means outputs a command for specifying an object (such as a reinforcing bar) included in the designated casing to the building data object 2. To do.
The building data object 2 (the reinforcing bar detection means) that has received the command receives the column data and the beam data of the specified hierarchy from all the frame data stored in the recording area of the building data object 2. The search is performed, and all the reinforcing bar data included in the designated housing is stored in the recording area of the cutting object 3.

(Boundary plane setting process)
In this example, the boundary surface setting means receives the designation detection of the chassis to be cut from the designated chassis detection means, passes through the intersection (hereinafter referred to as “designated point”) between the chassis skin and the screen normal line, and A boundary surface whose normal is a vector indicating the body axis direction of the body is guided, and the following cut reinforcing bar detection processing is performed.

(Cutting rebar detection processing)
That is, in the cut reinforcing bar detection processing of this example, the cut reinforcing bar detection means detects object data composed of an axis and a cross section, detects data having a circular cross section from the detected data as reinforcing bar data, Further, from the detected reinforcing bar data, the reinforcing bar data in which the end of the shaft is in contact with the boundary surface is detected, a marking flag is set on the reinforcing bar data satisfying all of these, and the cutting object is used as the marking target data. 3 (see FIG. 2).

(Marking process)
In the labeling process of this example, the marking unit performs the following series of processes on the reinforcing bar on which the labeling flag is set.
That is, when providing a marking surface on the cross section of the reinforcing bar, the radius r (or cross-sectional shape) at the shaft end of the reinforcing bar (component) cut at the boundary surface is acquired based on the bar arrangement list data and the reinforcing bar data. Process A, process B for creating a circle (or acquired cross-sectional shape) with radius r on the XY plane (predetermined two-dimensional plane), and process C for converting the circle (or acquired cross-sectional shape) into a polygon Then, a process D for moving the polygon to a specified point (boundary surface) of the reinforcing bar axis and a process E for forming a marking surface on the polygon moved to the specified point (boundary surface) are sequentially performed.
The marking means performs a process F for dividing the polygon into a large number of triangles during or after the process E (see FIG. 3).

(Marking surface division processing)
The process D includes a process D1 for obtaining an axis vector at a designated point (boundary surface), a process D2 for deriving an up vector of the designated point (boundary surface), and connecting points (hereinafter referred to as connecting points) of straight lines constituting a reinforcing bar axis. An affine transformation matrix that leads the group of triangles to the designated point (boundary surface) from the coordinates of the designated point, the cross-section normal at the designated point (cross-section normal), and the up vector at the designated point. A process D3 to be created and a process D4 to move the triangle group to the designated point (boundary surface) are sequentially performed (see FIG. 4A).

The process of deriving the up vector is, for example, assuming that the side surface from the start end (polygon) to the end (polygon same as the start end) of the specified reinforcing bar is an aggregate in which planes (squares or triangles) are arranged in a cylindrical shape, This is a process for aligning the arrangement start points of the planes constituting the skin of the reinforcing bar so that the planes are not twisted.
If each plane constituting the rebar skin is arranged from the up vector as a starting point, the rebar axis of the rebar will not be twisted in any manner, and the rebar skin will not be twisted. There is no twist (see FIG. 4B).

The process D2 uses, as an up vector at the designated point (boundary surface), an up vector at a start point of a straight line including the designated point or a node that is the starting point, a straight line including the designated point as a normal vector, and the designated point. Is a process in which a vector projected from the vector direction of the straight line is set on the projection plane including the boundary (the boundary plane).
At that time, the process of deriving the up vector at the designated point included in the axis of the object or the points before and after the designated point is as follows.

(Start point up vector creation process)
Specifically, when the axis of the object (here, the reinforcing bar axis) is bent and displayed as a connection of a plurality of straight lines, a straight line vector having the start point of the axis of the object and the next straight line vector Is obtained as an up vector. On the other hand, when the axis of the object is not bent, the cross product of the vector having the start point of the straight line and the vector of the coordinate axis (edit space) closest to the right angle is obtained and used as an up vector (see FIG. 5). .

(Node up vector creation process)
The up vector at the node of a single or plural straight lines constituting the axis of a component such as a reinforcing bar is a process of placing the up vector at the starting end as an initial value V0, and a process of deriving an average vector from a vector of straight lines at nodes before and after the node (Refer to FIG. 7), a process of deriving an average plane including the node as a normal vector and a projection plane at the node as a projection plane, and an up vector projected onto the projection plane immediately before the average plane. A process of creating a projection matrix that projects from the vector direction of the straight line of the line, and an up vector Vn−1 / projection matrix obtained by multiplying the up vector Vn−1 of the previous node by the projection matrix as the up vector Vn of the node is derived Vn. The process of updating the contents of is performed for all nodes existing from the start to the end (see FIGS. 6 to 8).

(End vector up vector creation process)
The up vector at the end point of the reinforcing bar axis (end of the reinforcing bar axis) is a process for deriving a projection plane whose normal is the straight line vector immediately before reaching the end, and the vector direction of the straight line immediately before the projection plane A process for creating a projection matrix to be projected from the above and a process for updating the up-vector Vn−1 / projection matrix obtained by multiplying the above-mentioned projection matrix by the up-vector Vn−1 of the previous node as the up-vector Vn of the end point. .

  Note that, in the marking process, when the up vector derived in the up vector creation process is coincident with or perpendicular to the line of sight (the screen normal), the visible area of the wavy marking surface is reduced or visible. Due to the fact that the marking surface becomes small, it becomes difficult to distinguish between the element cross section cut at the specified boundary surface and the element end surface in the vicinity of the boundary surface. It is also possible to add a phase correction process that rotates around the start point of the up-vector in each projection plane including.

  At that time, the marking means verifies whether or not the intersection angle between the up vector and the screen normal on the boundary surface is less than a predetermined value (for example, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, or 15 degrees); If the angle is less than the reference value, the crossing angle exceeds the reference value (preferably 15 to 30 degrees) (the optimum value is 45 degrees). A process of rotating around the center is performed.

(Triangle group movement processing)
The process D3, for example, obtains a rotation matrix that rotates the Z-axis and Y-axis of the coordinates of each vertex of each triangle so as to face the rebar axis (depth) direction and the up vector direction, respectively, and then designates each triangle as the designation This is a process of obtaining a movement matrix that moves to a point, the node, or the end point, and obtaining a projection matrix that projects from the vector direction of the immediately preceding straight line to the boundary surface, the average surface of each node, or the cross-sectional area of each end point end surface.
The process D4 sequentially multiplies each of the vertex coordinates of the polygon on the XY plane by the matrix to obtain a point projected on the boundary surface, the average surface of each node, or the cross-sectional area (projection surface) of each end surface. .

  It can be arbitrarily selected whether the end surface normal of the start point and the end point is the normal of the boundary surface or the axial direction. This is because the cross-section becomes an ellipse, but the depth is changed with respect to the ellipse, even if the depth is changed with respect to the ellipse, or even if it is cut obliquely, it is cut along the axis or a plane perpendicular to the axis constituting the axis. It is a choice whether to change.

(Cross-section depth setting process)
The process E includes a process of deriving a central angle from the vertex of the polygon with respect to the center of the polygon, a phase α of the outer periphery centering on a part of the cross section of the cut reinforcing bar (a center with the up vector as a phase of 0 degree) As a part of the frame data of the frame, the processing for forming a marking surface having a wave shape with (sin α × constant) as the depth (Z coordinate) and the reinforcing bar data including the marking surface is used as a part of the frame data of the frame. The process of saving the cutting object 3 in the recording means is performed in order (see FIG. 9).
The constant is preferably about 0.1 to 3.0 times the radius r.

(Marking surface division processing)
In the process F, the Z coordinate (depth) in which the boundary surface is the XY plane (three-dimensional relative coordinates) in the cross-sectional area of the reinforcing bar in the boundary surface (hereinafter referred to as “labeling surface”) is located at the highest position. The process of setting the vertex of the polygon to P0, the process of assigning a number to the vertex P counterclockwise (or clockwise) from the vertex P0, and substituting the polygon vertex number −1 for n to each vertex of the triangle ABC is A = The processing of P (i), B = P (n−i), and C = P (n + 1) is sequentially performed, and the vertex coordinates of each triangle are stored in the recording unit of the cutting object 3 (see FIG. 10).

The polygons formed on the marking surface stored in the recording means of the cutting object 3 are divided into triangle groups as described above, and each of the marking surfaces has a different depth derived by the cross-sectional depth setting process. A wavy marking surface is formed while reflecting the coordinates of the vertices (see FIG. 11).
At that time, the vertex of the polygon where the Z coordinate (depth) is located at the highest position is P0, and by arranging a triangle having a relatively low height along the wave given to the marking surface, The marking surface can be expressed by connecting a plurality of planes, which contributes to various processes such as display and calculation, saving of memory and calculation time associated with these processes, and reduction of file size.
For example, the display means creates the projection data based on the housing data and outputs the projection data to the display object 4.

1 mouse object, 2 building data object, 3 cut object,
4 display objects,

Claims (4)

Has a three-dimensional CAD function,
A cutting object detecting means for detecting a cutting object is cut at the specified interface from the object created by the three-dimensional CAD function,
A cross-sectional marking device comprising: marking means for providing a wavy marking surface that can be visually recognized with a line of sight that can be included in the boundary surface in a cross-section of a cut object cut at the boundary surface. Has a three-dimensional CAD function,
Designated housing detection means for detecting a cutting housing cut at a designated boundary surface from an object created by the three-dimensional CAD function ;
Reinforcing bar detecting means for detecting a constituent reinforcing bar included in the cutting casing from an object created by a three-dimensional CAD function ;
Cutting reinforcing bar detecting means for detecting a cutting reinforcing bar cut at the boundary surface from the constituent reinforcing bars,
A cross-sectional marking device comprising: marking means for providing a wavy marking surface that can be visually recognized with a line of sight that can be included in the boundary surface in a cross-section of the cut reinforcing bar. The cross section according to claim 2, wherein the marking means includes a marking surface having a wave shape with sin α × constant as a depth with respect to a phase α of an outer periphery centering on a part of a cross section of the cut reinforcing bar. Marking device. The computer,
Have a three-dimensional CAD function and a cutting object detecting means for detecting a cutting object is cut at the specified interface from the object created by the three-dimensional CAD function, the cross-section of the cutting object is cut at the boundary surface A cross-section labeling program that functions as a cross-section labeling device including a marking unit that provides a wavy marking surface that can be visually recognized by a line of sight that can be included in the boundary surface.