JP6150017B2 - Driving device, matrix converter and elevator system - Google Patents

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a drive device, a matrix converter, and an elevator system.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a drive device including a matrix converter device including a bidirectional switch module including nine bidirectional switches for connecting a three-wire power source and a three-phase motor, and a storage battery as an emergency power source is known. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Patent No. 4983968

  In a drive device as described in Patent Document 1, it is desired to reduce the size of a storage battery (battery).

  Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a drive device, a matrix converter, and an elevator system that can reduce the size of a battery.

  A driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a rotating electrical machine, a matrix converter having a power conversion unit that converts power from an AC power source into AC power for output, and a battery connected to the AC power source side of the power conversion unit A power consuming element connected to the AC power supply side of the power conversion unit via a switch, and a control unit configured to generate a signal for opening and closing the switch according to regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine, Is provided.

  The drive device may further include a diode that is provided between the battery and the power conversion unit and prevents a backflow of regenerative power to the battery.

  The drive device further includes a snubber circuit that is connected to the rotating electrical machine side of the power conversion unit and has a rectifier circuit that rectifies regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine, and the control unit switches a switch according to the voltage rectified by the rectifier circuit. A signal for opening and closing may be generated.

  A matrix converter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of power input terminals, a power conversion unit that converts AC power input from the plurality of power input terminals into AC power for output, and outputs AC power for output A plurality of power output terminals, a control unit configured to generate a signal for opening and closing the switch according to regenerative power from a rotating electrical machine connected to the plurality of power output terminals, and a control unit A signal output terminal for outputting the received signal.

  The matrix converter further includes a snubber circuit that is connected to a plurality of power output terminals of the power converter and has a rectifier circuit that rectifies regenerative power from the plurality of power output terminals, and the controller is rectified by the rectifier circuit. A signal for opening and closing the switch may be generated according to the voltage.

  In the matrix converter, the control unit may generate a signal for opening and closing a switch interposed between the power input terminal and the power consuming element in accordance with the regenerative power.

  An elevator system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the above-described driving device and a car that is driven by the driving device.

  According to the drive device, the matrix converter, and the elevator system according to the present disclosure, the battery can be reduced in size.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a drive device and an elevator system according to the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a power conversion circuit. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the control circuit DC voltage and the timing of opening and closing the magnetic contactor.

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, the same elements or elements having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator system 100 includes a driving device 1, a car 5, a hoisting machine 6, a counterweight 7, and a wire rope 8. The car 5 is driven by the driving device 1. The hoisting machine 6 is connected to a rotating electrical machine 4 included in the driving device 1. On the hoisting machine 6, a car 5 and a counterweight 7 are suspended by a wire rope 8. The elevator system 100 may further include at least a part of a speed reducer and a mechanism for changing the direction of the wire rope 8.

  The drive device 1 includes a matrix converter 3 connected to an AC power source 2, a rotating electrical machine 4 connected to the matrix converter 3, a battery 14, a diode 15, and a power consuming element 16. Hereinafter, “connection” means an electrical connection and includes a connection through another electric wire or element.

  The matrix converter 3 converts the power from the AC power source 2 into output AC power having a desired voltage and frequency, and supplies the output AC power to the rotating electrical machine 4. The voltage and frequency of the AC power for output are both variable. The AC power source 2 is a three-phase AC power source such as a commercial power source. The power input terminals 21 </ b> R, 21 </ b> S, and 21 </ b> T included in the matrix converter 3 are connected to the respective phases of the AC power supply 2 through the first switch 11.

  The first switch 11 is, for example, an electromagnetic contactor, and in accordance with an input signal from a system controller external to the drive device 1, the AC power supply 2 and the matrix converter 3 are in a conductive state (ON state), and the AC power supply 2. And the matrix converter 3 are switched to a non-conductive state (off state).

  The rotating electrical machine 4 is, for example, a three-phase AC motor. The rotating electrical machine 4 may be an induction type or a synchronous type. The three terminals of the rotating electrical machine 4 are connected to the power output terminals 26U, 26V, and 26W of the matrix converter 3, respectively.

  The battery 14 supplies DC power or AC power to the matrix converter 3. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the battery 14 supplies DC power to the matrix converter 3. The battery 14 is connected to the AC power supply 2 side of the matrix converter 3. Hereinafter, “connected to the AC power supply 2 side” means being connected to a place where power from the AC power supply 2 is input. “Connected to the rotating electrical machine 4 side” means that it is connected to a location where electric power to the rotating electrical machine 4 is output. As an example, the battery 14 is connected to the power input terminals 21R, 21S, and 21T via the diode 15 and the second switch 12. More specifically, the positive electrode of the battery 14 is connected to the anode of the diode 15. The cathode of the diode 15 is connected to the power input terminal 21R and the power input terminal 21S of the matrix converter 3 through the second switch 12. As an example, the second switch 12 is provided in each of a path from the cathode of the diode 15 to the power input terminal 21R and a path from the cathode of the diode 15 to the power input terminal 21S. The negative electrode of the battery 14 is connected to the power input terminal 21T of the matrix converter 3 via the second switch 12. The second switch 12 is, for example, an electromagnetic contactor, and in accordance with an input signal from a system controller external to the driving device 1, the battery 14 and the matrix converter 3 are in a conductive state (ON state), the battery 14 and the matrix. The state in which the converter 3 is not conducted (off state) is switched.

  The battery 14 supplies power to the rotating electrical machine 4 via the matrix converter 3 when the supply of power from the AC power supply 2 is stopped, for example. The diode 15 prevents regenerative power generated in the rotating electrical machine 4 from flowing back to the battery 14 via the matrix converter 3.

  The power consuming element 16 is a passive element that converts power to heat energy or the like and consumes it, such as a resistance element. The power consuming element 16 consumes regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine 4. The power consuming element 16 is connected to the AC power supply 2 side of the matrix converter 3. As an example, the power consuming element 16 is connected to the power input terminals 21S and 21T of the matrix converter 3 via the third switch 13 (switch). More specifically, one terminal of the power consuming element 16 is connected to the power input terminal 21 </ b> S of the matrix converter 3 via the third switch 13. The other terminal of the power consuming element 16 is connected to the power input terminal 21T of the matrix converter 3 via the third switch 13. Instead of the configuration shown in FIG. 1, one terminal of the power consuming element 16 is connected to the power input terminal 21R via the third switch 13, and the other terminal of the power consuming element 16 is the power input terminal 21T. It may be connected to. That is, the power consuming element 16 only needs to be connected to the location where the power from the battery 14 is supplied in the matrix converter 3. In other words, when the second switch 12 and the third switch 13 are on, the power consuming element 16 may be interposed between the positive electrode of the battery 14 and the negative electrode of the battery 14.

  The third switch 13 is, for example, an electromagnetic contactor, and a state in which the matrix converter 3 and the power consuming element 16 are electrically connected (on state), a matrix converter 3 and a power by a signal from the signal output terminal 52 of the matrix converter 3. The state (OFF state) in which the consuming element 16 is not conducted is switched. When the third switch 13 is turned on while the rotating electrical machine 4 is performing a regenerative operation, the regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine 4 flows into the power consuming element 16 via the matrix converter 3 and is consumed by the power consuming element 16. The The signal from the signal output terminal 52 will be described in detail later.

  The matrix converter 3 has a signal input terminal 51. For example, a signal from a system controller external to the driving device 1 is input to the signal input terminal 51.

  The configuration of the matrix converter 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The matrix converter 3 includes a plurality of power input terminals 21R, 21S, and 21T, an input filter 22, a plurality of reactors 23, a plurality of capacitors 24, a power conversion circuit 25 (power conversion unit), and a plurality of power output terminals. 26U, 26V, 26W. When AC power supply 2 is a three-phase AC power supply, the number of power input terminals 21R, 21S, and 21T, reactor 23, capacitor 24, and power output terminals 26U, 26V, and 26W is three. One capacitor 24 may be configured by a combination of a plurality of capacitor elements. In this case, the number of capacitor elements included in the matrix converter 3 is a multiple of three.

  The input filter 22 is connected to the power input terminals 21R, 21S, and 21T. The input filter 22 is, for example, a noise filter, and adapts, for example, the matrix converter 3 to the EMC command (IEC61800-3 Category 2).

  The reactor 23 is connected in series with the subsequent stage of the input filter 22. The capacitor 24 is inserted between each of the three phases in the subsequent stage of the reactor 23. The capacitor 24 is a film capacitor, for example. The reactor 23 and the capacitor 24 constitute an LC low-pass filter. This LC low-pass filter passes power at the output frequency of the AC power supply 2 and cuts off power at a frequency higher than the output frequency of the AC power supply 2. Specifically, this LC low-pass filter is a filter for removing harmonic components of the input current from the power input terminals 21R, 21S, and 21T and smoothing the pulsed current waveform.

  The input end of the power conversion circuit 25 is connected to the subsequent stage of the reactor 23. The power conversion circuit 25 includes nine switch circuits arranged in a matrix of 3 rows and 3 columns. The switch circuit opens and closes a path between each of the three phases at the input end of the power conversion circuit 25 and each of the three phases at the output end of the power conversion circuit 25. The switch circuit has a configuration that allows current to flow in both directions. As an example, the switch circuit has a configuration in which two IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) are connected in parallel so that they are opposite to each other. The output terminal of the power conversion circuit 25 is connected to power output terminals 26U, 26V, and 26W. Note that the power conversion circuit 25 may have a plurality of switch circuits in each of the above-described 3 rows and 3 columns. In this case, the number of switch circuits included in the power conversion circuit 25 is a multiple of nine.

  The matrix converter 3 further includes a power supply circuit 30 and a discharge circuit 35. The power supply circuit 30 includes a diode bridge 31, a pair of DC buses 40 </ b> A and 40 </ b> B, and a smoothing capacitor 32. The diode bridge 31 is connected to the AC power supply 2 side of the power conversion circuit 25, and rectifies three-phase AC power from the AC power supply 2 and outputs it to the DC buses 40A and 40B. As will be described later, the power output to the DC buses 40A and 40B is used as a power source for the control circuit 47. The diode bridge 31 has a configuration in which two sets of two diodes connected in series are connected in parallel. The smoothing capacitor 32 smoothes the voltage output from the diode bridge 31.

  Furthermore, the power supply circuit includes a diode bridge 33 as a rectifier circuit. The diode bridge 33 is connected to the rotating electrical machine 4 side of the power conversion circuit 25, and rectifies the regenerative power (three-phase AC power) from the rotating electrical machine 4 and outputs the rectified power to the DC buses 40A and 40B. The diode bridge 33 has a configuration in which two sets of two diodes connected in series are connected in parallel. The surge generated when the switch circuit of the power conversion circuit 25 is turned on / off and the regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine 4 flow into the smoothing capacitor 32 via the diode bridge 33. That is, the diode bridge 33 and the smoothing capacitor 32 function as a snubber circuit 34 that absorbs surge and regenerative power.

  The discharge circuit 35 is connected in parallel with the power supply circuit 30. The discharge circuit 35 includes, for example, a discharge IGBT 36, a resistance element 37, and a diode 38. The collector of the discharge IGBT 36 is connected to the resistance element 37. A diode 38 is connected to the resistance element 37 in parallel. The discharge IGBT 36 is brought into a conductive state (ON state) between the emitter and the collector by the control circuit 47 when the voltage between the DC buses 40A and 40B exceeds a predetermined value. When the discharge IGBT 36 is turned on, a current flows from the smoothing capacitor 32 to the resistance element 37 and the discharge IGBT 36, and power accumulated in the smoothing capacitor 32 is consumed. The diode 38 is an element for suppressing an overvoltage when the emitter / collector of the discharge IGBT 36 is in an off state.

  The matrix converter 3 further includes a control power generation circuit 41, a gate drive power supply circuit 42, a discharge IGBT drive circuit 43, a gate drive circuit 44, a voltage detection circuit 45, an AD converter 46, and a control circuit 47 (control unit).

  The control power supply generation circuit 41 steps down the DC power rectified by the diode bridge 31 or the diode bridge 33 to a predetermined voltage (for example, 24 volts, 15 volts, 5 volts, etc.), and drives the gate drive power supply circuit 42 and the discharge IGBT. This is supplied to the circuit 43, the gate drive circuit 44 and the control circuit 47. Note that the control power generation circuit 41 may have a configuration in which power is supplied from an external DC power supply (for example, a 24 volt DC power supply) via the terminal 55. With this configuration, for example, even when power supply from the commercial power supply system is stopped, power supply to the control circuit 47 is continued.

  The gate drive power supply circuit 42 supplies the power supplied from the control power supply generation circuit 41 to the discharge IGBT drive circuit 43 and the gate drive circuit 44.

  The discharge IGBT drive circuit 43 outputs a signal for turning on / off the emitter / collector of the discharge IGBT 36 in response to an input from the control circuit 47. For example, the control circuit 47 turns on the emitter / collector of the discharge IGBT 36 when the voltage between the DC bus 40A and the DC bus 40B increases. At this time, the control circuit 47 receives information on the voltage between the DC bus 40A and the DC bus 40B via the voltage detection circuit 45.

  The gate drive circuit 44 outputs a signal for turning on / off the semiconductor switch included in the power conversion circuit 25 in accordance with the input from the control circuit 47.

  The voltage detection circuit 45 detects a bus voltage that is a voltage between the DC bus 40A and the DC bus 40B. The AD converter 46 performs analog / digital conversion on the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 45 and outputs it to the control circuit 47.

  The control circuit 47 outputs a signal for turning on / off the semiconductor switch of the power conversion circuit 25 to the gate drive circuit 44 at a timing necessary for outputting AC power having a desired voltage and frequency to the rotating electrical machine 4. To do. The control circuit 47 receives information necessary for generating a signal from the voltage sensor or current sensor of each part in the matrix converter 3.

  The timing of the signal for turning on / off the semiconductor switch of the power conversion circuit 25 differs depending on whether the driving device 1 is driven by the AC power supply 2 or the battery 14. Therefore, the control circuit 47 receives a signal indicating which of the AC power supply 2 or the battery 14 is driving the driving device 1 from the system controller outside the control circuit 47 via the signal input terminal 51. The control circuit 47 generates a signal for turning on / off the semiconductor switch of the power conversion circuit 25 based on the received signal.

  Further, the control circuit 47 generates a signal for opening and closing the third switch 13 according to the regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine 4. As an example, the control circuit 47 outputs a signal for opening and closing the third switch 13 in accordance with the signal detected by the voltage detection circuit 45 (in other words, the voltage rectified by the diode bridge 33). Output from. For example, when the matrix converter 3 includes the relay 54 for switching the output signal, the control circuit 47 outputs a signal from the signal output terminal 52 by opening and closing the relay 54. When regenerative power is generated in the rotating electrical machine 4, the regenerative power flows into the DC buses 40 </ b> A and 40 </ b> B via the diode bridge 33. As a result, the output voltage of the diode bridge 33, that is, the voltage between the DC bus 40A and the DC bus 40B increases. By generating a signal according to the voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit 45, it is possible to generate a signal according to the regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine 4.

  The drive device 1 described above operates as follows. In normal times, the system controller outside the drive device 1 sets the first switch 11 to the on state and sets the second switch 12 to the off state. Thereby, AC power from the AC power source 2 is converted by the matrix converter 3 to drive the rotating electrical machine 4. On the other hand, in an emergency such as when the supply of power from the AC power supply 2 is stopped, the system controller outside the drive device 1 sets the first switch 11 to the off state and sets the second switch 12 to the on state. . As a result, the DC power from the battery 14 is converted by the matrix converter 3 to drive the rotating electrical machine 4. Thus, in a state where the drive device 1 is operating using the battery 14, the control circuit 47 outputs a signal for opening and closing the third switch 13.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the timing of signal generation by the control circuit 47 will be described. While the bus voltage, which is the voltage between the DC bus 40A and the DC bus 40B, is lower than the voltage V1, the control circuit 47 turns off the third switch 13 (open). Thereafter, when the bus voltage exceeds the voltage V1 at time t1, the control circuit 47 turns the third switch 13 on (closed). Thereafter, when the bus voltage falls below the voltage V2 at time t2, the control circuit 47 turns off the third switch 13 (open). The voltage V2 may be equal to the voltage V1 or may be lower than the voltage V1. When the voltage V2 is lower than the voltage V1, since the control circuit 47 has a hysteresis characteristic with respect to the bus voltage, the number of switching times of the third switch 13 can be suppressed.

(Effects of the present disclosure)
When the drive device has a combination of a converter and an inverter, the regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine is cut off at the inverter and the converter, so the regenerative power is supplied to the emergency battery provided on the AC power supply side of the converter. Never flows in. On the other hand, when the drive device includes a matrix converter, regenerative electric power from the rotating electrical machine can pass through the power conversion circuit of the matrix converter and flow into a battery provided on the AC power source side of the matrix converter. In order to prevent overcharging of the battery due to regenerative power, it was necessary to increase the capacity of the battery.

  According to the drive device 1 according to the present disclosure, the control circuit 47 generates a signal for opening and closing the third switch 13 according to the regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine 4, and the third switch 13 is opened and closed according to this signal. Is done. Therefore, in accordance with the regenerative power, the regenerative power that has flowed back to the AC power supply 2 side through the power conversion circuit 25 flows to the power consuming element 16 through the closed third switch 13 and is consumed by the power consuming element 16. . For this reason, excessive regenerative power does not flow back into the battery 14. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the capacity of the battery in order to avoid an overcharged state due to excessive regenerative power, and the battery 14 can be reduced in size.

  The reverse flow of the regenerative power to the battery 14 may be prevented by the diode 15. In this case, the battery 14 can be further downsized.

  The control circuit 47 may generate a signal for opening and closing the third switch 13 in accordance with the voltage rectified by the rectifier circuit included in the snubber circuit 34. In this case, since the regenerative power flows to the DC buses 40A and 40B through the diode bridge 33, the bus voltage easily changes according to the regenerative power. Therefore, by generating a signal for opening and closing the third switch 13 according to the bus voltage, the third switch 13 can be opened and closed more appropriately according to the regenerative power. In addition, by using the voltage detection circuit 45 that detects the voltage between the DC buses 40A and 40B, there is no need to add a special circuit to open and close the third switch 13, so the configuration of the matrix converter 3 Can be simplified.

  In general, in an elevator system including a driving device having a matrix converter, a battery capacity sufficient for operation during a power failure or the like is required, and a large battery is used. Therefore, it is particularly desirable to reduce the size of the battery. Therefore, the above effect is more useful in the elevator system 100 in which the driving device 1 according to the present disclosure is applied to driving the car 5.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the diode 15 may be omitted, and the positive electrode of the battery 14 and the second switch 12 may be directly connected. When generating a signal for controlling the third switch 13, instead of detecting the voltage between the DC buses 40 </ b> A and 40 </ b> B by the voltage detection circuit 45, it is easy to change due to regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine 4. May be detected and a signal may be generated based on the detected voltage or current.

  The present disclosure can be used for a drive device, a matrix converter, and an elevator system.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drive device, 3 ... Matrix converter, 4 ... Electric rotating machine, 5 ... Car, 13 ... Third switch (switch), 14 ... Battery, 15 ... Diode, 16 ... Power consumption element, 21R, 21S, 21T ... Electric power Input terminal 25 ... Power conversion circuit (power conversion unit), 26U, 26V, 26W ... Power output terminal, 33 ... Diode bridge (rectifier circuit), 34 ... Snubber circuit, 47 ... Control circuit (control unit), 52 ... Signal Output terminal, 100 ... Elevator system.

Claims (5)

Rotating electrical machinery,
A matrix converter having a power conversion unit that converts power from an AC power source into AC power for output;
A battery connected to the AC power supply side of the power converter;
A power consuming element connected via a switch to the AC power supply side of the power converter;
A control unit configured to generate a signal for opening and closing the switch in accordance with regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine;
A snubber circuit connected to the rotating electrical machine side of the power converter, and having a rectifier circuit for rectifying regenerative power from the rotating electrical machine ,
Wherein, in response to said rectified voltage by the rectifier circuit that generates a signal for opening and closing the switch driving device.   The drive device according to claim 1, further comprising a diode that is provided between the battery and the power conversion unit and prevents a reverse flow of the regenerative power to the battery. Multiple power input terminals;
A power converter that converts AC power input from the plurality of power input terminals into AC power for output;
A plurality of power output terminals for outputting the AC power for output;
A control unit configured to generate a signal for opening and closing the switch according to regenerative power from a rotating electrical machine connected to the plurality of power output terminals;
A signal output terminal for outputting a signal generated by the control unit;
A snubber circuit having a rectifier circuit connected to the plurality of power output terminals of the power converter and rectifying regenerative power from the plurality of power output terminals;
Equipped with a,
Wherein, the matrix converter that generates a signal for opening and closing the switch according to the voltage rectified by the rectifier circuit. The matrix converter according to claim 3 , wherein the control unit generates a signal for opening and closing a switch interposed between the power input terminal and a power consuming element in accordance with the regenerative power. The driving device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A car driven by the driving device,
Elevator system with

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