JP6146888B1 - Millet pair and mill device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a mortar and a mill device that can be pulverized easily by providing a simple structure in a groove of a mill blade, making the material to be pulverized easy, and excellent in uniformity of particle size distribution. Objective. A mortar 62 to which the present invention is applied includes a disc-shaped mortar body 33 having a shaft hole 35 formed on the drive shaft 3 of the tea mill 1 and formed in a substantially center, and a mortar of the mortar body 33. Coarse blade 38 in which groove-shaped main groove portions 51 to 54 are formed on main spiral lines 41 to 44 that circulate around the shaft hole 35 from the shaft hole 35 toward the peripheral portion on the grinding surface 33a, and a die On the grinding surface 33a, a groove-like sub groove portion 55a located on the sub spiral wire 45 that circulates so as to intersect with the main spiral wires 41 to 44 in the same direction is located between or adjacent to the main groove portions 51 to 54. A weir structure having a thin blade 39 formed in a certain main mountain portion 55 and capable of changing the flow direction of the powder tea 14 in the middle of the flow of the powder tea 14 flowing in the main groove portions 51 to 54 during grinding. And a mill portion 34 provided with a [selection] FIG.

Description

The present invention relates to a manual mortar and mill device for pulverizing tea leaves, spices, coffee beans and the like. Specifically, a simple structure in the groove of the mill blade makes it easy to make the material to be pulverized finely, and to a mill pair and a mill device capable of pulverization with excellent uniformity of particle size distribution. It is related.

  Conventionally, tea leaves, spices, coffee beans, etc. (hereinafter referred to as “objects to be crushed”) are placed between rotating bodies such as opposing blades and mortars, and these rotating bodies are rotated relative to each other for grinding processing. In recent years, there is an increasing demand for manual milling equipment because there is no need for a power source and there are no restrictions on the place of use, unlike electric motors that perform this rotational drive with an electric motor or the like. It is coming.

  In such a manual mill device, a cylindrical outer mortar that is non-rotatably fixed to the lower part of the hopper and has a mill blade on the inner peripheral surface, and a lower end of the drive shaft so as to be included in the outer mortar. The operation handle connected to the upper end of the drive shaft is rotated while the material to be crushed flows down from the hopper between a fixedly installed, generally conical inner die having a mill blade on the outer peripheral surface and opened downward. Thus, a first technique is known in which the inner die is rotated to grind the object to be crushed with the outer die and the pulverized product is taken downward from the lower gap between the inner and outer die (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

  However, in such a technique, since the pulverization region exists on the circumference where the mortar surface of the outer mortar and the mortar surface of the inner mortar are in line contact with each other, the pulverization region is extremely narrow. The material to be pulverized passes while flowing down. For this reason, the material to be pulverized can be pulverized only in a pulverization region for a short time, and it is difficult to make the material to be pulverized fine.

  Therefore, a pair of disc-shaped mortars each having a milling surface on which a mill blade is formed are provided, and a pair of mortars are arranged opposite to each other so that the milling surfaces of each mortar are in a substantially horizontal state. The upper acetabulum is fixed in the container body (hereinafter referred to as “fixed acetabulum”), and the other lower acetabulum is inserted downward through a shaft hole drilled in the center of the fixed acetabular view. The drive object is connected to the drive shaft and can be rotated together with the drive shaft (hereinafter referred to as “rotary mortar”), and the object to be crushed between the shaft holes of the upper fixed mortar. By rotating the above-mentioned drive shaft while feeding the crushed material, the crushed material is crushed between the milled surfaces of both acetabulums by rotating only the rotary acetabulum, A second technique is known in which it is discharged outward and taken out.

  According to such a technique, the milled surfaces of both acetabulums are in surface contact with each other, so that the pulverized area is wider than that of the first technique, and the pulverized product extends along the groove in the wide pulverized area. Then, it passes while being gradually pushed outward substantially horizontally by centrifugal force. For this reason, the material to be pulverized can be subjected to a pulverization treatment over a relatively long time in the pulverization region, and the pulverized material can be easily refined.

Utility Model Registration No. 3184678

  However, according to the above-mentioned second technique, although the material to be pulverized is further refined, the particle size after the pulverization treatment cannot always be sufficiently reduced depending on the type and usage of the material to be pulverized. There is a strong demand for further refinement. For example, in the case of spices that are sprinkled on foods and ingredients during cooking while being pulverized, and coffee beans that are removed by filtration after decoction, the powder obtained by pulverization is not so granular. Although it is not necessary to reduce the diameter, if the powder obtained by crushing tea leaves (hereinafter referred to as “powdered tea”) is decocted and then eaten with hot water, the particle size of the powdered tea should be reduced. It needs to be quite fine. In general, the particle size of powdered tea is preferably 30 μm or less, and when it exceeds 30 μm, it is known that the mouth and throat feel uncomfortable.

  Furthermore, in the second technique, since the crushing area is wide, if the material to be crushed has a difference in thickness between the stem part and the leaf part like tea leaves, the acetabulum tilts and the pressure distribution between the sternums is increased. The variation tends to occur, and the variation in the particle size of the powdered tea, which is a pulverized product, becomes large, and the uniformity of the particle size distribution is not improved so much.

The present invention was devised in view of the above points, and by simply providing a simple structure in the groove of the mill blade, the material to be pulverized can be easily refined, and the uniformity of the particle size distribution can also be achieved. An object of the present invention is to provide a mill pair and a mill apparatus capable of performing an excellent grinding treatment.

  In order to achieve the above object, the mortar of the present invention includes a disc-shaped mortar body portion having an opening located on the drive shaft of the mill device and formed at a substantially center, and a predetermined milling of the mortar body portion. On the surface, the main spiral line is formed on the coarse blade on which the groove-shaped main groove portion located on the main spiral line that circulates around the opening part in a predetermined direction from the opening part to the peripheral part is formed, and on the mortar surface The groove-shaped sub-grooves located on the sub-coil windings that circulate so as to intersect in the same direction have fine blades formed at the main peak portions between the main groove portions or adjacent to the main groove portions. And a mill portion provided with a weir structure capable of changing the flow direction of the pulverized material during the flow of the pulverized material flowing in the main groove during milling.

  And, by providing a disk-shaped mortar main body portion in which the opening located on the drive shaft of the mill device is formed in the approximate center, as in the conventional case, a cylindrical outer mortar and a substantially cone included in this Compared with the case of grinding the pulverized material while flowing down between the inner mortars, the pulverized material can be made finer. That is, for example, a pair of mortars are arranged opposite to each other, and one mortar is fixed to the container body by fixing the outer peripheral side surface of the disk-shaped mortar body, and the other mortar is fixed to the fixed mortar. A disk-shaped mortar body is connected to a drive shaft that passes through the opening of the body to form a rotating mortar, and then the drive shaft is rotated while feeding the object to be crushed between the mortar from the opening of the fixed mortar. In this way, the pulverized area can be widened, and the pulverized material can be gradually pushed out of the wide pulverized area substantially horizontally by centrifugal force along various grooves. The pulverized product can be pulverized over a relatively long time.

  Further, a groove-shaped main groove portion is formed in which the mill portion is positioned on a main spiral line that circulates around the opening portion in a predetermined direction from the opening portion toward the peripheral portion on the predetermined mortar surface of the mortar body portion. By having a rough blade, the processing efficiency of the pulverization process can be improved. That is, when the drive shaft rotates, the main groove portion of the coarse blade of the rotating mortar intersects the main groove portion of the coarse blade of the fixed mortar, so that pressure is applied between the main groove portions or on the main peak portion adjacent to the main groove portion. The object to be crushed is roughly sheared by both coarse blades to produce a coarsely pulverized product. In addition, the coarsely pulverized product is finely sheared by a thin blade as described later to produce a finely pulverized product, and the coarsely pulverized product and the pulverized product composed of the finely pulverized product fall into the main groove. It will flow toward the outer periphery of the millstone, so that the coarsely pulverized object and the crushed object can be discharged simultaneously.

  In addition, the groove-shaped sub-grooves that are located on the auxiliary spiral line that circulates so that the mill part intersects the main spiral line in the same direction on the mortar surface are located between the main groove parts or adjacent to the main groove part. By having the fine blade formed in a certain main mountain portion, the object to be crushed can be finely pulverized. That is, the object to be crushed under pressure on the main mountain part, the coarsely pulverized substance immediately after the coarse pulverization process, or dropped into the main groove part and lifted onto the main mountain part while flowing toward the outer periphery of the die. The coarsely pulverized product is finely sheared by the intersection of the sub-groove portion of the fine blade of the rotating mortar and the sub-groove portion of the fine blade of the fixed mortar, or a flat portion excluding the sub-groove portion on the main mountain portion (hereinafter referred to as “ The material to be crushed and the coarsely pulverized material can be finely pulverized.

  Further, by providing a weir structure in the main groove portion that can change the flow direction of the pulverized material during the flow of the pulverized material flowing in the main groove portion during milling, further pulverization of the material to be pulverized is achieved. The variation in diameter can be suppressed and the quality of the pulverized product can be remarkably improved. In other words, by utilizing the weir structure, the crushed material consisting of coarsely pulverized material and finely pulverized material flowing in the main groove portion is reliably guided toward the sub groove portion and the crushing surface of the main mountain portion, and the shearing action by the sub groove portion is achieved. Further, the grinding action by the crushing surface can be sufficiently exhibited. Furthermore, the coarsely pulverized product and the finely pulverized product can be ground in a mixed state and repeatedly by the crushing surface, and even if coarse pulverized product such as stems remain in the pulverized product, it is preferentially crushed. Therefore, variation in the particle size of the pulverized product can be remarkably reduced.

  Further, the weir structure is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the edge on the groove opening side is formed closer to the groove bottom side than the tip of the main mountain portion. In the case of having the first wall portion, the flow of a part of the pulverized material during the flow is directed to the groove opening side while preventing the flow of the pulverized material consisting of the coarsely pulverized material and finely pulverized material in the main groove portion. Can do. Thereby, by adjusting the shape and height of the first wall portion, an appropriate amount of the pulverized product can be transferred onto the main mountain portion, and the increase in shear resistance and crush resistance is suppressed to make the entire pulverized product finer. Shearing, crushing, and further trickling of the material to be crushed are possible. In the following description, the dam structure in which the first wall portions having a height that allows the pulverized material to flow therethrough are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the groove will be referred to as a notch type.

  Further, when the first wall portion is formed on one side or both sides of the longitudinal direction of the groove and has an inclined surface that rises from the groove bottom toward the groove opening side edge, the flow of the pulverized material in the main groove portion is gradually increased. The crushed material violently collides with the wall surface and jumps out of the main groove and radially falls into the adjacent main groove or flows backward in the main groove. Can be prevented. As a result, the pulverized product in the main groove portion can be subjected to a shearing action or a crushing action over a long period of time at the sub-groove portion or the crushing surface of the main mountain portion, thereby further reducing the size of the pulverized material. In particular, when inclined surfaces are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the groove, even if the flow direction of the pulverized material in the main groove portion is locally reversed due to stagnation during milling, the pulverized material flows. It can be gradually turned to the groove side.

  In addition, the weir structure is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove edge side edge is formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion. In the case of having the second wall portion, the flow of most of the pulverized material in the flow is directed to the groove opening side while preventing the flow of the pulverized material consisting of the coarsely pulverized material and finely pulverized material in the main groove portion. it can. As a result, the groove edge side edge is lower than the tip of the main mountain part, and depending on conditions such as the shape and height of the wall part, the pulverized material flows or stays in the main groove part as it is, and the main mountain part Compared to the case where the amount of pulverized material to be transferred tends to fluctuate, a larger amount of more stable pulverized material can be transferred onto the main mountain, and the shear resistance and crushing resistance are always substantially constant, so The variation in quantity can be further reduced. In the following, a dam type is a dam structure in which the main wall is dammed and the second wall portion having a height capable of damaging the flow of the pulverized material is arranged at a predetermined position along the groove longitudinal direction. To do.

  Further, when the second wall portion is formed on one side or both sides in the longitudinal direction of the groove and has an inclined surface that rises from the groove bottom toward the groove mouth side edge, the flow of the pulverized material in the main groove portion is gradually increased. The crushed material violently collides with the wall surface, and vigorously jumps out from the main groove part in the radial direction and re-enters the adjacent main groove part, or flows in the main groove part in the reverse direction. Can be prevented. As a result, the pulverized product in the main groove portion can be subjected to a shearing action or a crushing action over a long period of time on the sub-groove portion or the crushing surface of the main mountain portion, thereby further reducing the size of the pulverized material. In particular, when inclined surfaces are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the groove, even if the flow direction of the pulverized material in the main groove portion is locally reversed due to stagnation during milling, the pulverized material flows. It can be gradually turned to the groove side.

  Further, the weir structure is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the edge on the groove opening side is formed closer to the groove bottom side than the tip of the main mountain portion. In the case of having the first wall portion and the second wall portion having the groove edge side edge formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion, the pulverized material made of coarsely pulverized material or finely pulverized material in the main groove portion After the flow of a part of the pulverized product during the flow is directed to the groove opening side, the flow of most of the remaining pulverized product can be directed to the groove opening side. Accordingly, an appropriate amount of pulverized material can be transferred onto the main mountain portion by the first wall portion, and the entire pulverized material is finely sheared and crushed while suppressing an increase in shear resistance and crushing resistance. Can be further trickled, and the second wall can transfer a large amount of more stable pulverized material onto the main mountain portion, so that the shear resistance and crush resistance are always substantially constant, and the particle size and Variation in grinding amount can be reduced. At this time, the effect of reducing the variation in grain size and grinding amount due to the first wall portion and the particle size due to the second wall portion depends on the amount ratio of the pulverized material flowing in each wall portion. In the following description, a weir structure in which a notch type and a dam type are provided in this manner is referred to as a mixed type.

  In addition, when at least one of the first wall portion and the second wall portion is formed on one side or both sides in the longitudinal direction of the groove and has an inclined surface that rises from the groove bottom toward the groove edge, the main groove portion The flow of the crushed material can be gradually directed to the groove opening side, the crushed material violently collides with the wall surface, vigorously jumps out from the main groove portion in the radial direction, and directly falls into the adjacent main groove portion, It is possible to prevent the main groove from flowing in the reverse direction. As a result, the pulverized product in the main groove portion can be subjected to a shearing action or a crushing action over a long period of time at the sub-groove portion or the crushing surface of the main mountain portion, thereby further reducing the size of the pulverized material. In particular, when inclined surfaces are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the groove, even if the flow direction of the pulverized material in the main groove portion is locally reversed due to stagnation during milling, the pulverized material flows. It can be gradually turned to the groove side.

  Further, when the second wall portion is arranged on different radial lines extending from the opening portion toward the peripheral portion, the second wall portion is transferred onto the main mountain portion and subjected to a shearing action by the sub-groove part or a grinding action by the crushing surface. The generated finely pulverized product can be quickly dropped into the main groove portion without passing over the adjacent second wall portion. As a result, the pulverized product can be flowed toward the outer periphery of the mortar in a short time and discharged to the outside, thereby preventing a reduction in the pulverizing efficiency.

  In order to achieve the above object, a mill apparatus according to the present invention includes a container body that is open at least on one side, a drive shaft that is rotatably supported on an axis within the container body, and a position on the drive shaft. A disc-shaped mortar body with an opening to be formed substantially in the center, and a main spiral that circulates around the opening in a predetermined direction from the opening toward the periphery on a predetermined mortar surface of the mortar body The groove-shaped sub-groove portion positioned on the coarse spiral blade formed with the groove-shaped main groove portion located on the mortar and the mortar surface on the sub-spiral line that circulates in the same direction as the main spiral line is Includes fine blades formed at the main peak portion between the groove portions or adjacent to the main groove portion, and the flow direction of the pulverized material can be changed during the flow of the pulverized material flowing in the main groove portion during milling. A mortar having a mill portion provided with a weir structure, and at least one of the mortars is configured as described above. A pair of mortars are arranged so that the respective milled surfaces face each other, and one mortar is fixed to the container body, and the other mortar is connected to the drive shaft so that it can rotate integrally with the drive shaft. Acetabular support structure.

  A container body having at least one side opened, a drive shaft that is rotatably supported on an axis within the container body, and a disk-shaped die having an opening located on the drive shaft at a substantially center. After arranging a mortar having a main body part and a pair of mortars at least one of which is composed of this mortar so that each mortar face is opposed, one mortar is fixed to the container main body, By providing a mortar support structure that connects the other mortar to the drive shaft and can rotate integrally with the drive shaft, a cylindrical outer mortar and a substantially conical shape included in the mortar are included as in the prior art. Compared with the case of milling while flowing the material to be ground between the inner mortar, the material to be ground can be made finer. That is, a pair of mortars, at least one of which is the mortar of the present invention, is disposed oppositely in a container body opened on one side. For example, one mortar is formed on the outer peripheral side surface of the disk-shaped mortar body. The fixed mortar is fixed to the container body, and the other mortar is formed by connecting a disc-shaped mortar body to a drive shaft that passes through the opening of the fixed mortar via a predetermined detent member. A rotating mortar is used. Then, after forming such a acetabular support structure, while driving the object to be crushed between the acetabulum through the opening of the fixed acetabulum, the drive supported rotatably on the axis within the container body Since the milling can be performed by rotating the shaft, the pulverization area is widened, and the pulverized material can be gradually pushed out in the wide pulverization area approximately horizontally outward along various grooves by centrifugal force. In addition, the material to be pulverized can be pulverized over a relatively long time.

  Further, a groove-shaped main groove portion is located on a main spiral line in which the mill portion of the mortar circulates around the opening portion in a predetermined direction from the opening portion toward the peripheral portion on the predetermined mortar surface of the mortar body portion. By including the coarse blade to be formed, the processing efficiency of the pulverization process can be improved. That is, when the drive shaft rotates, the main groove portion of the coarse blade of the rotating mortar intersects the main groove portion of the coarse blade of the fixed mortar, so that pressure is applied between the main groove portions or on the main peak portion adjacent to the main groove portion. The object to be crushed is roughly sheared by both coarse blades to produce a coarsely pulverized product. In addition, the coarsely pulverized product is finely sheared by a thin blade as described later to produce a finely pulverized product, and the coarsely pulverized product and the pulverized product composed of the finely pulverized product fall into the main groove. It will flow toward the outer periphery of the millstone, so that the coarsely pulverized object and the crushed object can be discharged simultaneously.

  Then, the groove-shaped sub-groove portion located on the sub-spiral line that circulates so that the mill part of the mortar crosses the main spiral line in the same direction on the milled surface is between the main groove parts or adjacent to the main groove part By including the fine blade formed in the main mountain portion at the position, the object to be crushed can be finely pulverized. That is, the object to be crushed under pressure on the main mountain part, the coarsely pulverized substance immediately after the coarse pulverization process, or dropped into the main groove part and lifted onto the main mountain part while flowing toward the outer periphery of the die. The coarsely crushed material is finely sheared by the intersection of the minor groove of the fine blade of the rotating mortar and the minor groove of the fine blade of the fixed mortar, or is crushed by the crushing surface of the main mountain portion, and is crushed. Can be finely pulverized.

  Furthermore, by providing a weir structure capable of changing the flow direction of the pulverized material in the middle of the flow of the pulverized material flowing in the main groove portion during milling in the main groove portion of the mill portion of the mortar body, Fine pulverization can be achieved, particle size variation can be suppressed, and the quality of the pulverized product can be remarkably improved. In other words, by utilizing the weir structure, the crushed material consisting of coarsely pulverized material and finely pulverized material flowing in the main groove portion is reliably guided toward the sub groove portion and the crushing surface of the main mountain portion, and the shearing action by the sub groove portion is achieved. Further, the grinding action by the crushing surface can be sufficiently exhibited. Furthermore, the coarsely pulverized product and the finely pulverized product can be ground in a mixed state and repeatedly by the crushing surface, and even if coarse pulverized product such as stems remain in the pulverized product, it is preferentially crushed. Therefore, variation in the particle size of the pulverized product can be remarkably reduced.

  Further, the weir structure is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the edge on the groove opening side is formed closer to the groove bottom side than the tip of the main mountain portion. In the case of having the first wall portion, the flow of a part of the pulverized material during the flow is directed to the groove opening side while preventing the flow of the pulverized material consisting of the coarsely pulverized material and the finely pulverized material in the main groove portion. Can do. Thereby, by adjusting the shape and height of the first wall portion, an appropriate amount of the pulverized product can be transferred onto the main mountain portion, and the increase in shear resistance and crush resistance is suppressed to make the entire pulverized product finer. Shearing, crushing, and further trickling of the material to be crushed are possible.

  In addition, the weir structure is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove edge side edge is formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion. In the case of having the second wall portion, the flow of most of the pulverized material in the flow is directed to the groove opening side while preventing the flow of the pulverized material consisting of the coarsely pulverized material and finely pulverized material in the main groove portion. it can. As a result, the groove edge side edge is lower than the tip of the main mountain part, and depending on conditions such as the shape and height of the wall part, the pulverized material flows or stays in the main groove part as it is, and the main mountain part Compared to the case where the amount of pulverized material to be transferred tends to fluctuate, a larger amount of more stable pulverized material can be transferred onto the main mountain, and the shear resistance and crushing resistance are always substantially constant, so The variation in quantity can be further reduced.

  Further, the weir structure is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the edge on the groove opening side is formed closer to the groove bottom side than the tip of the main mountain portion. In the case of having the first wall portion and the second wall portion having the groove edge side edge formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion, the pulverized material made of coarsely pulverized material or finely pulverized material in the main groove portion After the flow of a part of the pulverized product during the flow is directed to the groove opening side, the flow of most of the remaining pulverized product can be directed to the groove opening side. Accordingly, an appropriate amount of pulverized material can be transferred onto the main mountain portion by the first wall portion, and the entire pulverized material is finely sheared and crushed while suppressing an increase in shear resistance and crushing resistance. Can be further trickled, and the second wall can transfer a large amount of more stable pulverized material onto the main mountain, and the shear resistance and crushing resistance are always substantially constant. The variation in grinding amount can be reduced. At this time, the effect of reducing the variation in grain size and grinding amount due to the first wall portion and the particle size due to the second wall portion depends on the amount ratio of the pulverized material flowing in each wall portion.

The mill pair and the mill apparatus according to the present invention can be easily pulverized by simply providing a simple structure in the groove of the mill blade, and can be pulverized with excellent uniformity of particle size distribution. It is possible.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the tea mill concerning this invention. It is a perspective view of the mortar grinding unit in a tea mill. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of a mill part, Comprising: Fig.3 (a) is a perspective view of a mortar body, FIG.3 (b) is a plane schematic diagram similarly. FIG. 4A is an enlarged explanatory view showing a structure of a mill part of various mortars, FIG. 4A is an enlarged plan view of a mill part having a notch type weir structure, and FIG. 4B has a dam type weir structure. Fig. 4 (c) is an enlarged plan view of a mill portion having a mixed type weir structure, Fig. 4 (d) is a schematic perspective view of a notch type weir structure, and Fig. 4 (e) is a dam. FIG. 4 (f) is a schematic perspective view of a mixed type dam structure. FIG. 5A is a side cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the main groove portion provided with various types of dam structures, and FIG. 5A is a side cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the main grooves provided with the notch type dam structure, FIG. FIG. 5B is a side sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the main groove provided with the dam type weir structure, and FIG. 5C is a lateral sectional view in the longitudinal direction of the main groove provided with the mixed type weir structure. It is a graph which shows an example of the particle size distribution of the powdered tea obtained by grinding. It is a graph which shows the various particle sizes of powdered tea by various mortar pairs. It is a graph which shows the volume ratio (henceforth "V30") of the particle | grains which have a particle size of 30 micrometers or less of powdered tea by various mortar pairs. It is a graph which shows the grinding amount of powdered tea by various mortar pairs. It is a graph which shows the relationship between various particle sizes of powdered tea by various mortar pairs, and V30. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the various particle sizes and grinding amount of powdered tea by various mortar pairs. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the dispersion | variation in the particle size of powdered tea by various mortar pairs, and the amount of grinding. It is an external appearance photograph which shows the particle | grain property of powdered tea by the same kind of acetabulum pair.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention relating to a mortar and a mill apparatus using the same will be described with reference to the drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention.
Note that the direction indicated by the arrow T in FIG. 3 is the upper direction, the direction indicated by the arrow R is the radial direction, and the direction indicated by the arrow C is the circumferential direction. It is based on.

  First, the whole structure of the tea mill 1 which is an example of the mill apparatus to which this invention is applied is demonstrated using FIG. 1, FIG.

  The tea mill 1 includes a cylindrical container body 2 that is open at the top and bottom, a drive shaft 3 that is rotatably supported on an axis 10 within the container body 2, and an upper end 3 a of the drive shaft 3. An operation handle 4 having one end connected thereto and a milling unit 5 for pulverizing tea leaves 13 into powdered tea 14 by a disk-shaped rotary mortar 12 connected to the lower end of the same drive shaft 3 are provided.

  A disk-shaped lid 15 is detachably fitted to the upper end opening 2 a of the container body 2, while the bottomed cylindrical storage container opened upward is placed in the lower end opening 2 b of the container body 2. 16 is detachably fitted. The lid 15, the container body 2, and the storage container 16 are made of, for example, a synthetic resin, a metal, or a ceramic, and a shaft hole 15 a is opened at the approximate center of the lid 15 in plan view.

  Further, the outer cylindrical portion 17a of the inner and outer double cylindrical bearings 17 is inserted into and integrated with the container body 2, while the outer cylindrical portion 17a has a plate-like connecting portion 17c extending in the radial direction. The inner cylinder portion 17b is connected and supported via the. The drive shaft 3 is rotatably supported by the inner cylinder portion 17b, and the upper end of the drive shaft 3 is inserted through the shaft hole 15a and protrudes upward.

  In addition, the operation handle 4 has a shaft hole 4 a at one end detachably connected to the upper end 3 a of the drive shaft 3 protruding from the shaft hole 15 a of the lid 15, and the other end of the operation handle 4 has a grip A grip 18 is provided for operation.

  In the above configuration, when the tea mill 1 is used for pulverization, first, the operation handle 4 is removed from the upper end of the drive shaft 3, and then the lid 15 is detached from the container body 2 to the upper end. The opening 2a is opened, and the tea leaves 13 are put into the container body 2 from the upper end opening 2a. Then, the charged tea leaves 13 flow down in the container main body 2 and enter the space 20 between the outer cylindrical portion 17a and the inner cylindrical portion 17b of the bearing 17 above the mortar grinding unit 5.

  Thereafter, the upper end opening 2 a of the container body 2 is closed again with the lid 15, and one end of the operation handle 4 is connected to the upper end 3 a of the drive shaft 3 protruding from the shaft hole 15 a of the lid 15. Then, holding the container body 2 with one hand and holding the grip 18 of the operation handle 4 with the other hand and rotating around the axis 10, the mortar grinding unit 5 is driven and the tea leaves 13 in the space 20 are moved. The powdered tea 14 that has been milled and flows down is accumulated in the internal space of the storage container 16 below. Then, the storage container 16 can be detached from the container body 2 and the powdered tea 14 in the storage container 16 can be taken out and used.

Next, the mortar grinding unit 5 will be described with reference to FIG.
The mortar unit 5 includes a first support structure 21 formed on the lower inner surface of the container body 2 and a disk-shaped fixed mortar that is non-rotatably locked to the container body 2 via the first support structure 21. The body 11, the second support structure 22 attached to the drive shaft 3, and the above-described rotary mill 12 that is non-rotatably locked to the drive shaft 3 through the second support structure 22. .

  Of these, in the first support structure 21, a plurality of locking pieces 17d are suspended from the lower end of the outer cylinder portion 17a of the bearing 17, and an annular guide body is provided on the plurality of locking pieces 17d. The outer peripheral part of 19 is latched.

  A substantially regular hexagonal concave guide portion 19b is formed on the inner periphery of the lower portion of the guide body 19 so as to connect adjacent straight sides 19a with a short arc when viewed in the axial direction from below.

  Here, the fixed mortar 11 is provided with a shaft hole 11b through which the drive shaft 3 is rotatably inserted at a substantially center in a plan view, and the mortar surface 11a faces the lower end opening 2b of the container body 2. Has been placed. The fixed mortar 11 is made of, for example, ceramic or metal, and mortar processing is performed on the mortar surface 11a.

  Further, the shaft hole 11b has a cylindrical cylindrical hole portion 11b1 having a center on the shaft center 10 and a protruding diameter that protrudes in the radial direction from the inner wall of the cylindrical hole portion 11b1 and is positioned 180 degrees opposite to each other. It consists of holes 11b2 and 11b3, and allows a cylindrical shaft portion 25a of a detent member 25 to be described later to be inserted from below.

  In addition, on the outer periphery of the axial half portion 11c of the fixed mortar 11 on the opposite side of the mortar surface 11a, a short arc 11d2 is formed between adjacent linear sides 11d1 when viewed from the axial center direction. A connected substantially regular hexagonal convex guided portion 11d is formed, and the guided portion 11d is formed in a substantially similar shape that can be inserted into the above-described guide portion 19b.

  Thereby, the first support structure 21 described above can be constituted by the bearing 17 and the guide body 19, and the fixed mortar body 11 can be disposed in the vicinity of the lower end opening 2 b of the container body 2. Specifically, when the fixed mortar 11 is inserted into the container body 2 from below, the guided portion 11d of the fixed mortar 11 is inserted into the guide portion 19b of the guide body 19, and the fixed mortar 11 is inserted into the container main body 2. The first support structure 21 can be fixed so as not to rotate.

  As for the rotary mill 12, similarly to the fixed mill 11 described above, a shaft hole 12 b through which the drive shaft 3 is rotatably inserted is drilled at the approximate center in plan view, and a milled surface 12 a is formed. It arrange | positions so that the mortar surface 11a of the fixed mortar body 11 may be faced. The rotary mill 12 is also made of, for example, ceramic or metal, and a milling process is performed on the milled surface 12a.

  Further, the shaft hole 12b, like the above-described shaft hole 11b, protrudes in the radial direction from the inner wall of the cylindrical hole portion 12b1 having a center on the shaft center 10 and is 180 degrees opposite to each other. It is comprised from the protruding radial hole parts 12b2 and 12b3 located in the side, and the rotation prevention member 25 explained in full detail later can be penetrated from the downward direction.

  In addition, on the outer periphery of the axial half 12c of the rotary mill 12 on the opposite side of the milled surface 12a, the adjacent linear sides 12d1 are connected by a short arc 12d2 when viewed in the axial direction. A regular hexagonal convex guided portion 12d is formed.

  Here, the second support structure 22 is configured by the above-described detent member 25. The anti-rotation member 25 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin, and has a shaft hole 25c penetrating vertically. The drive shaft 3 is inserted into the shaft hole 25c, and the protrusions 3b and 3b projecting from the lower side surface of the drive shaft 3 are slits 25a1 opened in the direction of the axis 10 on both sides of the shaft portion 25a. , 25 a 1, the drive shaft 3 is locked to the anti-rotation member 25.

  Further, the anti-rotation member 25 is provided with a disk-like base portion 25b in which the shaft portion 25a is erected substantially at the center in plan view. And the latching | locking part 27 is formed in the outer periphery of the axial part 25a by the base 25b side vicinity, This latching | locking part 27 has the cylindrical part 27a of the cylindrical shape which has a center on the shaft center 10, and this cylindrical part 27a. Projecting radial protrusions 27b and 27b are provided that protrude in the radial direction from the outer wall and are opposite to each other by 180 degrees. These radial protrusions 27b and 27b are formed on the rotary mill body 12. The anti-rotation member 25 is locked to the rotary mill 12 so as to be inserted into the circular hole portions 12b2 and 12b3.

  As a result, the rotary mill 12 can be connected to the drive shaft 3 via the anti-rotation member 25 so as to be able to rotate integrally with the drive shaft 3. Such a second support structure 22 and the first support structure described above can be used. 21, a mortar support structure 6 capable of supporting various mortars 11 and 12 is formed.

  In the configuration as described above, the rotary mill 12 is fixed to the locking portion 27 of the rotation stop member 25 by fitting the shaft hole 12b with the milled surface 12a facing upward and then protruding from the rotary mill 12. A shaft hole 11b of the fixed mortar 11 with the mortar surface 11a down is rotatably fitted to the shaft portion 25a of the rotation preventing member 25, and then the shaft portion 25a protruding upward from the shaft hole 11b. By locking the pin 28 at the tip of the mortar, the fixed mortar 11 and the rotary mortar 12 are prevented from coming off from the rotation-preventing member 25 in a state where the mortar surfaces 11a and 12a face each other and come into contact with each other. Form.

  The mortar grinding unit 5 is mounted on the drive shaft 3 so that the pin 28 side faces the drive shaft 3 and the drive shaft 3 is inserted into the shaft hole 25c of the rotation preventing member 25. By screwing the adjustment nut 29 into the tip, the milling unit 5 is prevented from coming off, and at the same time, the amount of tightening of the rotary mill 12 to the fixed mill 11 side is changed, and the gap between the milling surfaces 11a and 12a 31 can be adjusted.

  Then, as indicated by an arrow 23, while the tea leaves 13 are fed from the shaft hole 11b to the milled surfaces 11a, 12a of the mortars 11, 12, the drive shaft 3 is rotated to rotate only the rotating mortar 12. Then, the tea leaves 13 are ground and can be taken out as powdered tea 14 from the gap 31 as indicated by an arrow 24.

  That is, after forming the mortar support structure 6, the tea leaves 13 are fed between the mortar bodies 11 and 12 from the shaft hole 11 b that is the opening of the fixed mortar 11, and then on the axis 10 in the container body 2. Since the mortar can be ground by rotating the drive shaft 3 supported so as to be able to rotate, the pulverization area is widened, and the inside of this wide pulverization area is substantially horizontally outward by various centrifugal forces along various grooves. The tea leaves 13 can be gradually pushed out, and the tea leaves 13 can be pulverized over a relatively long time. Thereby, as compared with the case where the mortar is ground while flowing down between the cylindrical outer mortar and the substantially conical inner mortar contained therein, the tea leaves 13 are made finer. Becomes easy.

  Next, the mortar bodies 62, 63, and 64 used as at least one of the fixed mortar body 11 and the rotating mortar body 12 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, the mortar 62 includes a disk-shaped mortar main body 33 in which a shaft hole 35, which is an opening located on the drive shaft 3 of the mill device 1, is formed in a substantially center in a plan view. And a mill part 34 formed on a predetermined milled surface 33a of the mortar body 33. The mortar body 62 is provided with a weir structure of a notch type 46, which will be described later, but is omitted in FIG.

  In the mortar body 33, the shaft hole 35 has the same shape as the above-described shaft holes 11b and 12b, and has a cylindrical cylindrical hole portion 35a having a center on the axis 10 and the cylindrical hole. Projecting radial hole portions 35b and 35c that protrude in the radial direction from the inner wall of the portion 35a and are opposite to each other by 180 degrees are formed, and the shaft portion 25a of the above-described detent member 25 is disposed below the shaft hole 35. It can be inserted from.

  Furthermore, the mortar body 33 is composed of a lower half 36 and an upper half 37 in order from the bottom in the axial direction, and on the outer periphery of the lower half 36, the above-mentioned dies 11, 12 are provided. As in the case of the axial direction, a substantially regular hexagonal convex guided portion 36a in which the adjacent straight sides 36a1 are connected by a short arc 36a2 when viewed in the axial direction is formed on the outer periphery, and the guided portion 36a is connected to the guide described above. The body 19 can be inserted into the guide portion 19b.

  In addition, the upper half portion 37 is formed in a disk shape connected to the upper surface of the lower half portion 36 on the same axis 10, and the above-described mill portion 34 is formed on the upper surface of the upper half portion 37. .

  In addition, the mill unit 34 generates coarse powdered tea (hereinafter referred to as “coarse powdered tea”) including a coarse stem portion and the like by roughly shearing and subjecting the tea leaves 13 to be pulverized to rough pulverization. The coarse blade 38, the tea leaves 13 and the coarsely pulverized coarse powdered tea are further finely sheared or crushed and finely pulverized to give fine powdered tea (hereinafter referred to as "fine powdered tea"). And a fine blade 39 for generating

  In the rough blade 38, groove-shaped main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 are formed on the mortar surface 33a described above, and these main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 are respectively open. It is arranged on four main spiral lines 41, 42, 43, 44 that circulate in a predetermined direction around the shaft hole 35 from the shaft hole 35 that is a portion toward the peripheral portion, in this embodiment, in the counterclockwise direction 26. ing.

  And among these main groove parts 51, 52, 53, 54, between the adjacent main groove parts or their adjacent positions, in this embodiment, the radial outside of the main groove part 51, between the main groove parts 51, 52, the main groove parts 52, 53. A main mountain portion 55 is formed between the main groove portions 53 and 54 and on the radially inner side of the main groove portion 54. The main groove portions 51, 52, 53 and 54, the main mountain portion 55, and a weir structure 40 described later A coarse blade 38 is formed from the above.

  Thereby, for example, when this mortar 62 is used for the fixed mortar 11 and the rotary mortar 12 described above, when the drive shaft 3 is rotated by the tea mill 1, the main groove portion of the coarse blade 38 on the rotary mortar 12 side. 51, 52, 53, 54 intersect with the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 of the coarse blade 38 on the fixed mortar 11 side, and are located between the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54, or adjacent positions thereof. The tea leaves 13 pressed on the crest 55 are roughly sheared by the upper and lower coarse blades 38, 38 to produce coarse powdered tea.

  In addition, the coarse powder tea is finely sheared by the fine blade 39 to produce fine powder tea, and the powder tea 14 composed of the coarse powder tea and the fine powder tea is provided under the rotating mortar. When falling into the main groove 51, 52, 53, 54 on the 12 side, it flows toward the outer periphery of the mortar 62, and the tea leaves 13 are coarsely pulverized, and the powdered tea 14 made up of coarsely powdered tea and finely powdered tea 14. Can be simultaneously performed.

  In the thin blade 39, a plurality of groove-like sub-groove portions 55a are formed on the upper surface of the main mountain portion 55 on the mortar surface 33a, and the sub-groove portions 55a are formed by the main spiral wires 41, 42, 43, 44 are arranged on a large number of auxiliary spirals 45 that circulate so as to intersect in the counterclockwise direction 26, which is the same direction as 44. And the thin blade 39 is comprised from the main peak part 55 which has these subgroove parts 55a.

  As a result, the tea leaves 13 pressed on the main mountain portion 55, the coarse powdered tea just after the coarse pulverization process, or the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 on the rotary mortar 12 side fall into the mortar. The coarse powdered tea that has been lifted onto the main mountain portion 55 during the flow toward the outer periphery of the 62 is a sub-groove portion 55a of the fine blade 39 on the rotating mortar 12 side and a sub-groove portion 55a of the fine blade 39 on the fixed mortar 11 side. The tea leaves 13 and the coarse powdered tea can be finely pulverized by being finely sheared by crossing or by being crushed by the crushing surface 55b on the main mountain portion 55.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the above-mentioned weir structure 40 is located in the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 of the coarse blade 38, and the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 during milling. The flow direction of the powdered tea 14 is changed during the flow of the powdered tea 14 composed of coarse powdered tea and fine powdered tea flowing inside. And in this weir structure 40, the aspect of the notch type 46 mentioned above, the dam type 47, and the mixed type 48 which adjoined both is recognized. In the following, since the dam structure 40 in the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, and 54 is substantially the same, the dam structure 40 of the main groove portion 51 therein will be described, and the other main groove portions 52, 53, and 54 will be described. Is omitted.

  Among these, in the mortar body 62 having the weir structure of the cut type 46, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a), 4 (d), and 5 (a), the first wall portion 58 is the groove longitudinal direction 57 of the main groove portion 51. So as to cross the groove bottom 51a of the main groove 51 from the groove bottom 51a toward the groove mouth 51b, and the groove mouth side edge 58a is closer to the groove bottom 51a than the tip of the main mountain portion 55 connected to the main groove 51. And it is formed low.

  Then, by arranging such first wall portions 58 in the groove longitudinal direction 57 at substantially equal intervals, a weir structure of the notch type 46 is configured.

  As a result, the flow of the powdered tea 14 made of coarse powdered tea or fine powdered tea in the main groove 51 is blocked by the notch type 46, and part of the powdered tea 14 is directed toward the groove 51b. For this reason, by adjusting the shape and height of the first wall portion 58, an appropriate amount of the powdered tea 14 can be transferred onto the main mountain portion 55, and the increase in shear resistance and crushing resistance is suppressed and the powder is reduced. The whole tea 14 is finely sheared and crushed, and the tea leaves 13 can be further trickled.

  More specifically, the first wall portion 58 is formed with inclined surfaces 58b and 58b that rise from the groove bottom 51a toward the groove opening side edge 58a so as to close at the front end on both front and rear sides in the groove longitudinal direction 57. .

  Thereby, the flow of the powdered tea 14 in the main groove part 51 can be gradually directed to the groove opening 51b side, and the powdered tea 14 violently collides with the wall surface of the first wall part 58 and vigorously radiates from the main groove part 51 in the radial direction. It can be prevented that it jumps out into the adjacent main groove portions 52, 53, 54 and flows in the main groove portion 51 in the reverse direction. For this reason, the powder tea 14 in the main groove portion 51 is subjected to a shearing action and a crushing action over a long time at the sub groove portion 55a and the crushing surface 55b of the main mountain portion 55, and further refinement of the tea leaves 13 is achieved. Can do. In particular, when the inclined surfaces 58b, 58b are provided on both sides of the groove longitudinal direction 57 as in the present embodiment, even if the grinding direction of the powdered tea 14 in the main groove 51 is locally localized during grinding, Even in the reverse direction, the flow of the powdered tea 14 can be gradually directed toward the groove 51b.

  Moreover, in the mortar body 63 having the dam type 47 weir structure, as shown in FIGS. 4B, 4 </ b> E, and 5 </ b> B, the second wall portion 59 is connected to the groove longitudinal direction 57 of the main groove portion 51. The main groove portion 51 is erected from the groove bottom 51 a toward the groove port 51 b so as to intersect, and the groove port side edge 59 a is formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion 55 connected to the main groove portion 51. ing.

  And the dam type 47 dam structure is comprised by arrange | positioning such a 2nd wall part 59 in a predetermined position along the groove | channel longitudinal direction 57. FIG.

  As a result, the flow of the pulverized material 14 composed of the coarsely pulverized material and the finely pulverized material in the main groove portion 51 is blocked by the dam type 47, and most of the flow of the powdered tea 14 is directed to the groove port 51b side. For this reason, depending on conditions such as the shape and height of the first wall portion 58, the powder tea 14 flows as it is in the main groove portion 51 or partially stays there, and the powder tea that is transferred onto the main mountain portion 55 is transferred. Compared to the above-described step type 46, the amount of which may vary, a more stable amount of powdered tea 14 can be transferred onto the main mountain portion 55, and the shear resistance and crush resistance are always substantially constant. Variations in particle size and grinding amount can be further reduced.

  Further, also in this dam type 47, the second wall portion 59 has inclined surfaces 59b and 59b rising on both the front and rear sides in the groove longitudinal direction 57 so as to close at the tip from the groove bottom 51a toward the groove end edge 58a. Is formed.

  As a result, the flow of the powdered tea 14 in the main groove 51 can be gradually directed toward the groove 51b, and the powdered tea 14 violently collides with the wall surface of the second wall 59 in the same manner as in the cut type 46. Thus, it is possible to prevent the spring 51 from jumping out in the radial direction and dropping again into the adjacent main groove portions 52, 53, 54, or flowing in the reverse direction in the main groove portion 51.

  In addition, in the dam type 47, the second wall portion 59 is disposed on different radial lines extending from the shaft hole 35 as an opening portion toward the peripheral portion. For example, the three second wall portions 59 shown in FIG. 4B are arranged on different radial lines 65, 66 and 67 in different main groove portions 52, 51 and 54, respectively.

  As a result, the fine powder tea that has been transferred onto the main mountain portion 55 and subjected to the shearing action by the sub-groove part 55a and the crushing action by the crushing surface 55b can be quickly transferred to the main without passing through the adjacent second wall part. The grooves 51, 52, 53, and 54 can be dropped. For this reason, the powdered tea 14 can be made to flow toward the outer periphery of the mortar 63 in a short time and discharged to the outside, and a reduction in the mortar grinding efficiency can be prevented.

  Further, in the mortar body 64 having the dam structure of the mixed type 48, as shown in FIGS. 4C, 5F, and 5C, the first wall portion 58 and the second wall portion 59 described above are mainly used. It is formed so as to intersect with the groove longitudinal direction 57 of the groove 51. Then, by arranging the first wall portions 58 in the groove longitudinal direction 57 at substantially equal intervals and arranging the second wall portions 59 at predetermined positions along the groove longitudinal direction 57, the notch type 46 and the dam type 47 A mixed type 48 weir structure is formed.

  As a result, the flow of the powdered tea 14 in the main groove 51 is hindered by the mixing type 48, and the remaining powdered tea is left after the flow of a part of the flowing powdered tea 14 is directed to the groove opening 51b side. Most of the flow of 14 is directed to the groove 51b side. For this reason, an appropriate amount of powdered tea 14 can be transferred onto the main mountain portion 55 by the first wall portion 58, and the entire powdered tea 14 is finely sheared and crushed while suppressing an increase in shear resistance and crushing resistance. Further, the tea leaves 13 can be further trickled, and the second wall portion 59 can transfer a larger amount of more stable powdered tea 14 onto the main mountain portion 55, so that the shear resistance and crush resistance are always substantially reduced. As a result, the variation in particle size and grinding amount can be reduced. At this time, the magnitude of the effect of reducing the variation in the grain size and the amount of grinding by the first wall portion 58 and the second wall portion 59 depends on the amount ratio of the powdered tea 14 that passes through each wall portion. is there.

  Further, also in this mixed type 48, the first wall portion 58 and the second wall portion 59 have inclined surfaces 58b rising from the groove bottom 51a toward the groove opening side edge 58a on both the front and rear sides in the groove longitudinal direction 57, respectively. 58b and inclined surfaces 59b, 59b are formed, and the flow of the powdered tea 14 in the main groove 51 can be gradually directed toward the groove 51b as in the cut type 46 and the dam type 47. Violently collides with the wall surfaces of the first wall portion 58 and the second wall portion 59 and jumps out of the main groove portion 51 in the radial direction and re-enters into the adjacent main groove portions 52, 53, 54, It is possible to prevent the flow in the groove 51 in the reverse direction.

  In addition to the three types 46, 47, and 48 weir structures described above, the powder tea 14 flowing in the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, and 54 has a weir shape structure that can change the flow direction during the flow. There is no limitation to the above three types 46, 47, and 48.

  With the configuration as described above, the flow direction of the powder tea 14 can be changed to the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 during the flow of the powder tea 14 flowing in the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 during milling. In addition, by providing a weir structure such as type 46, 47, 48, the powdered tea 14 flowing in the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 is directed toward the sub groove portion 55a of the main mountain portion 55 and the crushing surface 55b. Thus, the shearing action by the auxiliary groove 55a and the crushing action by the crushing surface can be sufficiently exhibited. Furthermore, coarse powdered tea and fine powdered tea can be mixed and repeatedly ground by the crushing surface 55b. Even if coarse pulverized material such as stems remain in the powdered tea 14, it is preferential. Because it is ground, variation in the particle size of the powdered tea 14 can be significantly reduced.

  Next, various configurations of the mill unit 34 that affect the fineness of the tea leaves 13, the uniformity of the particle size distribution, and the amount of grinding are investigated, and the results of the investigation will be described with reference to Table 1 and FIGS.

[Preparation of acetabulum]
As the invention material, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5, a mortar having a dam structure of a cut type 46 such as a mortar 62 (hereinafter referred to as “mould b”), and a dam such as a mortar 63. Prepare a mortar having a type 47 weir structure (hereinafter referred to as “mortar c”) and a mortar having a mixed type 48 weir structure (hereinafter referred to as “molar d”) such as a mortar 64. did.

  As shown in FIG. 3, each of the mortar bodies b, c, and d is made of a ceramic formed into a disk shape having a diameter of about 40 mm × thickness of about 9 mm. 33, the lower half 36, the upper half 37, and the mill 34 were made to have thicknesses of about 5 mm, about 3 mm, and about 1 mm, respectively.

  Further, in any of the mortars b, c, d, the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 have a groove width 68 set to about 1.4 mm and a groove depth 69 set to about 0.9 mm. The portion 55 has a peak width 70 set to about 1 mm.

  In the mortars b and d, the first wall portions 58 in the main groove portions 51, 52, 53, 54 have a height 71 from the groove bottom of about 0.2 mm and an arrangement pitch 72 in the groove longitudinal direction 57. Was set to about 0.6 mm.

  On the other hand, in the mortars c and d, the second wall portion 59 in the main groove portions 51, 52, 53 and 54 is set to have a height from the groove bottom of about 0.9 mm which is the same as the height of the groove depth 69. In addition, the groove-side edge 59a is set flush with the main mountain portion 55, and the inclined surfaces 59b and 59b have an elevation angle 75 of about 60 degrees, the lengths 73 and 73, and the groove-edge side edge 59a. All of the lengths 74 were set to about 0.4 mm.

  Also, for the mortar body b, instead of the first wall portion 58, a mortar body b + provided with a first wall portion 60 formed in a rectangular shape by omitting the inclined surface 58b from the first wall portion 58 is prepared. For the mortar body c, instead of the second wall part 59, a mortar body c + provided with a second wall part 61 that is formed in a rectangular shape by omitting the inclined surface 59b from the second wall part 59 is prepared. did.

  As comparative materials, mortar structures b, c, and d before forming the first wall portion 58 and the second wall portion 59 were prepared as a mortar body a.

[Preparation of powder tea sample]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, after the tea leaves 13 are put into the container body 2 from the upper end opening 2 a of the tea mill 1, the upper end opening 2 a is closed by the lid 15, and the drive protrudes from the shaft hole 15 a of the lid 15. One end of the operation handle 4 is connected to the upper end 3 a of the shaft 3. Then, the grip 18 of the operation handle 4 was gripped and rotated under a constant rotational torque, and a sample of powdered tea 14 was generated.

  Note that the rotational torque at this time is such that the grip 18 is moved in the circumferential direction via the spring only in a state where the spring 18 is locked to the grip 18 having a radius of 12 cm from the drive shaft 3. It was made to be substantially constant (≈12 kgf · cm) by pulling with a force of 1 kg. The rotational torque was adjusted by rotating the adjustment nut 29 described above to change the gap 31 between the milled surfaces 11a and 12a and changing the thrust load.

[Test method]
The following tests were carried out on the various characteristics of the powdered tea 14 produced by the above-described production method after variously changing the types and combinations of the mortars used for the fixed mortar 11 and the rotating mortar 12.

  First, the particle size distribution of the powdered tea 14 was measured by a wet laser diffraction method (apparatus name: LMS-2000e), and the particle size D (μm) and the volume ratio V (vol%) as shown in FIG. A DV curve 76 indicating the relationship and a DV curve 77 indicating the relationship between the particle diameter D (μm) and the integrated volume ratio Vc (vol%) were obtained.

  The DV curve 76 includes a small peak 78 having a particle diameter D of about 10 μm, and a large peak 79 having a volume ratio V larger than the small peak 78 and a particle diameter D of 100 to 200 μm in order from the left. And the particle diameter D at each of the peaks 78 and 79 is defined as a small peak diameter D1 (μm) and a large peak diameter D2 (μm), respectively. The small peak 78 is considered to be generated mainly when the leaf portion is crushed in the tea leaf 13, and the large peak 79 is considered to be generated mainly when the stem portion is crushed in the tea leaf 13.

  Based on the particle size distribution obtained in this way, from the DV curve 76, the particle diameter having the largest volume ratio V (vol%), which is the appearance ratio, the large peak diameter D2 (μm), which is the so-called mode diameter, is obtained. From the D-Vc curve 77, when the powder is divided into two particles, the larger side and the smaller side have the same particle size, the so-called median diameter D50 (μm), and the mouth and throat as described above. The volume ratio V30 (vol%) of particles having a particle diameter of 30 μm or less that is unlikely to cause a sense of incongruity is obtained, and these D2, D50, and V30 are used as indicators of the finely divided state, and the smaller the particle diameters D2 and D50, It was assumed that the larger V30, the more refined.

  Further, the particle size difference ΔD (= D2−D1) (μm) between the large peak diameter D2 and the small peak diameter D1 is used as an index of the uniformity of the particle size distribution, and the smaller the particle size difference ΔD, the smaller the variation in particle size. It was supposed to be.

  In addition, the weight of the powdered tea 14 produced by rotating the operation handle 4 only 50 times under a constant torque is used as a grinding efficiency index as the grinding amount M (g). The processing efficiency is high.

  The appearance of the specific powdered tea 14 was also taken with an optical microscope at magnifications of 50 and 200 times.

[Test results]
In Table 1, the mortars b, b +, c, c +, and d of the present invention are designated as a fixed mortar 11 (hereinafter referred to as “upper mortar”) and a rotating mortar 12 (hereinafter referred to as “lower mortar”). ) Using tea mill 1 used for at least one of the above, and samples 1 to 11 obtained by milling tea leaves 13 and tea mill 1 using only mortar a as a comparative material, and milling tea leaves 13 The result of having measured the above-mentioned refinement | miniaturization condition, the uniformity of a particle size distribution, and the grinding efficiency about the sample 12 obtained in this way is shown.

  Each value in the table is based on the particle size distribution measured for each powdered tea by preparing three pairs of mortar pairs to be used for each sample and grinding them three times in each group. D1, D2, D50, V30, and ΔD are obtained and the average value is calculated. The grinding amount M is obtained by grinding the mortar three times in each group to obtain the average value of the grinding amount, and then calculating the average value from the three grinding amounts.

  Among the results in Table 1, when comparing the particle diameters D1, D2, D50, volume ratio V30, and grinding amount M for each sample, the small peak diameter D1 is around 10 μm regardless of the sample, D2, D50, the volume ratio V30, and the grinding amount M greatly differ depending on the type and combination of samples.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 7, both the large peak diameter D2 and the median diameter D50 are smaller in the samples 1 to 11 of the example of the present invention than in the sample 12 of the comparative example. When compared with Samples 1 to 11 of the present invention example, Samples 1 to 3 using a mortar a as a lower mortar, Samples 4 to 10 using a mortar b, b +, c, c +, and a mortar d were used. In the order of the sample 11, both the large peak diameter D2 and the median diameter D50 decrease.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the volume ratio V30 is larger in the samples 1 to 11 of the example of the present invention than the sample 12 of the comparative example. When compared with Samples 1 to 11 of the present invention example, the volume ratio in the order of Samples 1 to 3 using a mortar a as a lower mortar, Samples 4 to 11 using a mortar b, b +, c, c +, d V30 increases.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the grinding amount M is substantially the same as the sample 12 of the comparative example, among the samples 1 to 11 of the present invention example, the samples 1 to 3 using the mortar a as the lower acetabulum. Samples 4 to 10 using the mortars b, b +, c, and c + and the sample 11 using the mortar d are slightly smaller than the sample 12 of the comparative example in this order.

  That is, regarding the grinding efficiency, the grinding amount M of the tea leaves 13 is obtained by using the mortar body b, b +, c, c +, d according to the present invention in at least one of the upper and lower mortars, and in the present example in the lower mortar. However, as for the finer grain size, both the large peak diameter D2 and the median diameter D50 decrease, the volume ratio V30 increases, and the grain size of the tea leaves 13 greatly increases. It is out.

  Further, based on the values in Table 1, the relationship among the particle diameters D1, D2, D50, the volume ratio V30, the grinding amount M, and the particle diameter difference ΔD was investigated.

  In addition, the combination (samples 1 to 3 and 12) having the acetabulum a in at least one of the upper and lower acetabulums, the combination having the mortar body b in at least one of the upper and lower acetabulums without the acetabulum a Samples 4, 6, and 7) are a group b, and a combination (samples 6, 8, and 10) that has a mortar c on at least one of the upper and lower mortars without a mortar a is a group c and a mortar a completely A combination (samples 7, 10, and 11) having the mortar d on at least one of the upper and lower mortars without having it was defined as a d group.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the regions of groups a to d are refined so that D2 decreases and V30 increases in a band 49 having a predetermined width indicating an inversely proportional relationship between the large peak diameter D2 and the volume ratio V30. In the direction 80, they are arranged in the order of group a → group c → group b → group d. In particular, the regions of groups b, c, and d are separated from the region of group a in the atomization direction 80. These tendencies are the same in the band 50 having a predetermined width indicating an inversely proportional relationship between the median diameter D50 and the volume ratio V30.

  Furthermore, when comparing between groups b to d, the size of the area of each group tends to increase in the order of group c → group b → group d in both the large peak diameter D2 and the median diameter D50.

  In addition, when each sample 1-3, 12 is compared in the group a, the point which shows the samples 1-3 which used the mortars b, c, d of this invention for the upper mortar is the sample 12 of a comparative example. It is greatly separated from the point shown in the fine grain direction 80.

  That is, just changing one of the upper and lower mortars from the conventional mortar body a to the mortar bodies b, c, and d of the present invention makes the tea leaves 13 finer. By changing to b, c, d, the tea leaves 13 can be made finer. Further, among the mortars b, c, and d, by using the mortar c, regardless of the combination, a certain degree of fineness can be promoted in a stable state with small variations in the particle diameters D2 and D50. In addition, by using the mortar bodies b and d, although the particle size is slightly different depending on the combination, the finer particle size can be greatly advanced.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the areas of the groups a to d are directed toward the grinding efficiency decreasing direction 85 in which the grinding amount M decreases in the band 81 having a predetermined width indicating the proportional relationship between the large peak diameter D2 and the grinding amount M. The group a, group c, group b, and group d are arranged in this order. In particular, the areas of groups b, c, and d are separated from the area of group a in the grinding efficiency decreasing direction 85. These tendencies are the same in the band 82 having a predetermined width indicating the proportional relationship between the median diameter D50 and the grinding amount M. The large peak diameter D2 and the median diameter D50 and the grinding amount M are in a proportional relationship. Normally, when the large peak diameter D2 and the median diameter D50 decrease and the finer particle size advances, the energy required for the crushing process Therefore, it is considered that the amount of the powdered tea 14 obtained is also reduced.

  Furthermore, when comparing between groups b to d, the size of each group area increases in the order of group c → group b → group d even in the relationship between the large peak diameter D2, the median diameter D50, and the grinding amount M. There is a tendency.

  However, even if each sample 1-3, 12 is compared within the group a, the clear tendency is not recognized about the amount M of grinding.

  That is, even if one of the upper and lower mortars of the sample 12 of the comparative example is changed from the conventional mortar body a to the mortar bodies b, c, and d of the present invention, the grinding efficiency does not decrease so much. Furthermore, if the upper and lower acetabulums are changed to the mortars b, c, and d of the present invention, the grinding efficiency tends to decrease, but by using the mortar c for at least one of the upper and lower acetabulums, the amount of grinding M varies. With a small and stable state, it is possible to ensure the same grinding efficiency as before. The small peak diameter D1 shows almost no difference in particle size between samples, because there is a structural limit particle size of the milling process by the disk-shaped mortar pair according to the present invention. Conceivable.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the regions a to d are in a uniform particle size distribution direction 86 in which the particle size difference ΔD decreases in a band 83 having a predetermined width indicating a proportional relationship between the particle size difference ΔD and the grinding amount M. The group a, group c, group b, and group d are arranged in this order. In particular, the regions of groups b, c, and d are separated from the region of group a in the direction of uniform particle size distribution 86.

  Furthermore, when comparing between groups b to d, the size of the area of each group tends to expand in the order of group c → group b → group d.

  However, even if each sample 1-3, 12 is compared within the group a, a clear tendency is not recognized about the particle size difference (DELTA) D.

  In other words, even if one of the upper and lower acetre of the sample 12 of the comparative example is changed from the conventional acetabulum a to the mortars b, c, and d of the present invention, there is no large difference in the uniformity of the particle size distribution. However, when both the upper and lower acetabulums are changed to the mortar bodies b, c, and d of the present invention, the uniformity of the particle size distribution is greatly improved. In particular, by using the acetabulum c for at least one of the upper and lower acetabulums, The uniformity of the particle size distribution can be ensured in a stable state where the variation of the particle size is small.

  As described above, by optimizing the types and combinations of the mortars b, c, d, the powdered tea that has been refined to various particle sizes while suppressing the decrease in the grinding efficiency of the powdered tea 14 to some extent. 14 can be easily generated, and the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the powdered tea 14 can be ensured.

  As shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 12, the sample 5 in which the upper and lower acetabulums are b + to each other, the sample 9 in which the upper and lower acetabulum is c + to each other, the sample 4 in which the upper and lower acetabulums are b to each other, In comparison with Sample 8, the large peak diameter D2 and the median diameter D50 are large, the volume ratio V30 is small, the grinding amount M is also decreased, and the particle size difference ΔD tends to be large.

  That is, conversely, by providing the above-described inclined surfaces 58b and 59b in the weir structure, fine graining, uniformity of particle size distribution, and grinding efficiency are improved.

  According to FIG. 13, in the sample 12 of the comparative example, many coarse coarse powdered teas 84 having a major axis of about 300 μm are recognized, whereas in the samples 4, 8, and 11 of the present invention examples, the major axis is about 100 to 300 μm. Refinement is progressing.

  As described above, the mortar and the mill device to which the present invention is applied can easily make the material to be ground fine by providing a simple structure in the groove of the mill blade, and can also make the particle size distribution uniform. An excellent pulverization process is possible.

1 Tea mill (mill equipment)
2 Container body 3 Drive shaft 6 Mill support structure 10 Axes 11, 12, 62, 63, 64 Mills 11a, 12a, 33a Milled surfaces 11b, 12b, 35 Shaft holes (openings)
14 Powdered tea (ground product)
33 Mill body part 34 Mill part 38 Coarse blade 39 Thin blade 40 Weir structure 41, 42, 43, 44 Main spiral 45 Sub spiral 51, 52, 53, 54 Main groove 51a Groove bottom 51b Groove 55 Main mountain 55a Sub Groove part 57 Groove longitudinal direction 58, 60 First wall part 58a, 59a Groove opening side edge 58b, 59b Inclined surface 59, 61 Second wall part 65, 66, 67 Radial direction line

Claims (12)

A disc-shaped mortar body portion in which an opening located on the drive shaft of the mill device is formed substantially in the center;
A rough blade on which a groove-shaped main groove portion is formed on a main spiral line that circulates around the opening portion in a predetermined direction from the opening portion toward the peripheral portion on the predetermined mortar surface of the mortar main body portion, and on the mortar grinding surface, groove-shaped sub-grooves located on the sub-spiral orbiting so as to intersect with the main spiral in the same direction, the main peak portion at the adjacent position between the main groove and the main groove has Hosoha formed, in the main groove, the Rukoto provided mutable weir structure the flow direction of the flow the way the pulverized pulverized material flowing through the main groove in the mortar ground, the For a mortar with a weir equipped with a mill part that performs fine grinding with a fine blade at the main mountain part of the transfer destination by the weir structure,
A mortar pair in which a mortar- less mortar or a mortar-less mortar from which the dam structure is omitted is arranged so that the ground surfaces of the mortars face each other . The weir structure is
A first wall portion that is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove mouth so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove-edge-side edge is formed on the groove bottom side from the tip of the main peak portion The acetabulum pair according to claim 1. The first wall portion is
The acetabulum pair according to claim 2, further comprising an inclined surface that is formed on one side or both sides of the longitudinal direction of the groove and rises from the groove bottom toward the groove edge. The weir structure is
A second wall portion that is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect with the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove opening side edge is formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion. The acetabulum pair according to claim 1. The second wall portion is
The acetabulum pair according to claim 4, further comprising an inclined surface that is formed on one or both sides of the longitudinal direction of the groove and rises from the groove bottom toward the groove edge. The weir structure is
A first wall portion that is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove mouth so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove-edge-side edge is formed on the groove bottom side from the tip of the main peak portion When,
The acetabulum pair according to claim 1, wherein the groove-side end edge includes a second wall portion formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion. At least one of the first wall and the second wall is
The acetabulum pair according to claim 6, further comprising an inclined surface that is formed on one side or both sides of the longitudinal direction of the groove and rises from the groove bottom toward the groove edge. The second wall portion is
The acetabulum pair according to any one of claims 4 to 7, which is disposed on different radial lines extending from the opening toward the peripheral edge. A container body opened on at least one side;
A drive shaft rotatably supported on an axis within the container body;
A disc-shaped mortar main body having an opening located on the drive shaft at a substantially central position, and a predetermined mortar surface of the mortar main body, around the opening from the opening toward the periphery. A coarse blade formed with a groove-like main groove portion positioned on a main spiral line that circulates in a predetermined direction, and a secondary spiral line that circulates so as to intersect with the main spiral line in the same direction on the mortar surface. The groove-shaped sub-groove portion positioned includes a fine blade formed between main groove portions and a main mountain portion adjacent to the main groove portion, and the main groove portion pulverized material that flows in the main groove portion during milling the Rukoto flow middle provided mutable weir structure the flow direction of the ground product, mortar with weir and a mill part with the main peaks of the transfer destination of weir structure subjected to fine pulverization treatment by fine blade For each body, a mortar-less mortar or a mortar-less mortar without the dam structure from the dam A die body pair can surface is arranged to face,
A mill apparatus comprising: a mortar support structure that fixes one mortar of the mortar pair to the container body, and connects the other mortar to the drive shaft so as to be integrally rotatable with the drive shaft. The weir structure is
A first wall portion that is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove mouth so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove-edge-side edge is formed on the groove bottom side from the tip of the main peak portion The mill apparatus according to claim 9. The weir structure is
A second wall portion that is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove opening so as to intersect with the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove opening side edge is formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion. The mill apparatus according to claim 9. The weir structure is
A first wall portion that is erected from the groove bottom of the main groove portion toward the groove mouth so as to intersect the groove longitudinal direction of the main groove portion, and the groove-edge-side edge is formed on the groove bottom side from the tip of the main peak portion When,
The mill device according to claim 9, wherein the groove side edge has a second wall portion formed at substantially the same height as the tip of the main mountain portion.

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