JP6131668B2 - Gearbox parking mechanism - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a parking mechanism for a transmission.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the parking mechanism of the transmission is provided with a parking gear that is provided on the output shaft of the transmission and is directly connected to the tire to lock the tire, and is provided with a parking mechanism that is swingable within the transmission. A parking pole for meshing with the parking gear at times to lock the parking gear, and for allowing the parking pole to swing toward the parking gear when locking the parking gear provided to be able to move forward and backward with respect to the swinging tip of the parking pole. Cam body.

  In addition, a block is provided in the transmission for supporting the cam body when the cam body swings the parking pole toward the parking gear.

  That is, when the cam body enters between the block and the parking pole, the parking pole meshes with the parking gear to lock the rotation of the parking gear.

JP 2008-51174 A

  By the way, when the vehicle is parked on a slope, torque due to the vehicle weight generated in the tire is generated on the parking gear inside the transmission. Due to this torque, a load F in the direction of crushing the cam body is generated at the parking pole, and the cam body is sandwiched between the parking pole and the block. Further, due to the load F, a frictional holding force is generated on the contact surface of the cam body that contacts the parking pole and the block, and the cam body is self-locked.

  In order to release the self-lock, it is necessary to pull out the cam body with the load F applied between the parking pole and the block.

  However, if the slope or vehicle weight is large, the contact surface between the cam body and the parking pole will break the oil film due to high load, and if the release operation is performed in this state, the contact surface will adhere and wear and wear. there were.

  Further, if the contact surface of the cam body that contacts the parking pole is worn, the friction coefficient becomes extremely high, the operation load for releasing the cam is remarkably increased, and if the degree is deteriorated, there is a possibility that the lock can not be released.

  Further, in order to prevent such a situation, there has been a problem that the contact surface pressure has to be reduced by increasing the size of the parts such as the cam body or changing the shape so as to increase the contact area.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, prevent oil film breakage on the contact surface between the cam body and the parking pole without changing the size and shape of the parts such as the cam body, and reduce the friction coefficient. It is an object of the present invention to provide a parking mechanism for a transmission that can be stabilized at a low level and can reduce an operation force necessary for unlocking.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a parking gear that is provided on an output shaft of a transmission and is directly connected to a tire to lock the tire, and a parking gear that is swingably provided in the transmission and that is provided during parking. A parking pawl for meshing and locking the parking gear, and is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in a direction intersecting with the operation lever portion of the parking pawl. A camshaft held at a position retracted during parking, the camshaft having a non-acting side conical portion engaged with the operating lever portion during non-parking and continuous with the non-acting side conical portion; And a cam body having a working cone portion that swings the operating lever portion to a position where the pawl of the parking pole engages with the parking gear. In parking mechanism, the outer periphery of the active conical portion of the cam or the actuating lever portion of the parking pawl is obtained by forming a dimple surface that is used to hold lubricating oil.

  According to the present invention, without changing the size and shape of the cam body and the parking pole, it is possible to prevent the oil film from being cut off on the contact surface between the cam body and the parking pole, the friction coefficient can be stabilized low, and the lock The operating force required for release can be reduced.

It is a principal part perspective view of the parking mechanism of the transmission which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a principal part perspective view of FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the parking mechanism of a transmission. It is a figure which shows the imaging | photography location of the dimple surface concerning this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the metal structure which image | photographed the A section of FIG. 4 with the microscope. It is a figure which shows the metal structure which image | photographed the D section of FIG. 5 with the microscope. It is a figure which shows the metal structure which image | photographed the B section of FIG. 4 with the microscope. It is a figure which shows the metal structure which image | photographed E part of FIG. 7 with the microscope. It is a figure which shows the metal structure which image | photographed the C section of FIG. 4 with the microscope. It is a figure which shows the metal structure which image | photographed F part of FIG. 9 with the microscope. FIG. 5 is a photograph of a portion corresponding to a portion B in FIG. 4 after using a parking pole having a dimple surface. FIG. 5 is a photograph of a portion corresponding to a portion B in FIG. 4 after using a parking pole having no dimple surface. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the torque of a parking gear, and cancellation | release operation torque.

  A transmission parking mechanism according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a perspective view of the essential part of the parking mechanism of the transmission as viewed obliquely from above, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the essential part with a cam as the essential part, and FIG. 3 shows parking from the shift lever to the parking gear. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of a mechanism.

  The feature of the present embodiment is that the cam and the parking pole are subjected to the surface treatment described later, so FIGS. 1 and 3 are also used for the description of the background art described above. However, the structure shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 shows the technology under development that is the background of the present embodiment, and is not necessarily publicly known.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, a parking mechanism 1 of a transmission includes a parking gear 3 provided on an output shaft 2 of the transmission for locking a tire (not shown), and a swinging mechanism in the transmission. A parking pole 4 that is movably provided and meshes with the parking gear 3 to lock the parking gear 3, and a cam that pushes the parking pole 4 toward the parking gear 3 during parking to mesh the parking pole 4 with the parking gear 3. A body 5 and a block 6 for supporting the cam body 5 when the cam body 5 swings the parking pole 4 toward the parking gear 3 are provided.

  The parking gear 3 is directly connected to the tire via the output shaft 2, a differential gear (not shown) and an axle (not shown), and the rotation of the tire is locked by locking the rotation of the parking gear 3. It is like that. The parking gear 3 is a spur gear and has teeth 3a on the outer periphery.

  The parking pole 4 is provided on the side of the parking gear 3 of the operating lever portion 8 that is pivotably supported around the shaft 7 parallel to the output shaft 2 extending in the horizontal direction. A claw 9 that is freely meshed and a receiving portion 10 that is provided on a surface opposite to the claw 9 of the operating lever portion 8 and receives the cam body 5 are provided. The receiving part 10 is formed in a concave shape and is pressed against the cam body 5 during parking. Further, a guide portion 11 for guiding the cam body 5 is formed on the operating lever portion 8 on the cam body withdrawal direction side of the receiving portion 10. The guide part 11 is formed in a concave shape whose diameter increases from the receiving part 10 in the direction in which the cam body 5 is retracted. The parking pole 4 is disposed below the parking gear 3 and is separated from the parking gear 3 by its own weight except when it is pushed from the cam body 5. The parking pole 4 is made of a carburized material.

  The cam body 5 includes a cam shaft 12 provided so as to be movable back and forth in a direction intersecting the operating lever portion 8 of the parking pole 4, a fixed cam portion 13 provided at a tip portion of the cam shaft 12, and a fixed cam portion 13. The movable cam part 14 provided in the cam shaft 12 of the base end side so that an axial movement is possible, and the spring 15 which is provided in the cam shaft 12 and urges the movable cam part 14 to the front end side are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the camshaft 12 is connected to a shift lever 18 via a swingable intermediate lever mechanism 16 and a wire 17. The left side of the figure is pushed to enter the position where the parking pole 4 is actuated, and the shift lever 18 is moved to another position so as to be held back. The intermediate lever mechanism 16 connects the first lever 19 connected to the base end of the cam shaft 12, the second lever 20 connected to the shift lever 18 via the wire 17, and the lever 19 and the second lever 20. A shaft 21.

  The fixed cam portion 13 is formed in a small diameter cylindrical shape, and is provided coaxially with the cam shaft 12. The fixed cam portion 13 supports the parking pole 4 so as to be separated from the parking gear 3.

  The movable cam portion 14 is made of a cylindrical carburized material and is inserted through the cam shaft 12. The movable cam portion 14 is formed on the front end side and has a small diameter cylindrical portion 22 having the same diameter as the fixed cam portion 13, a gently inclined angle cone portion (working side cone portion) 23 formed on the rear end side, and a small diameter cylindrical portion 22. A small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 and a conical portion (non-working side conical portion) 24 that connects the slow-inclined angle conical portion 23 with a larger inclination angle than the slow-inclined angle conical portion 23. . The small-diameter cylindrical portion 22 and the conical portion 24 are adapted to engage with the operating lever portion 8 when not parked. The gentle inclination angle conical portion 23 swings the operating lever portion 8 to a position where the pawl 9 of the parking pole 4 meshes with the parking gear 3 when engaged with the operating lever portion 8 of the parking pole 4. .

  In particular, a dimple surface 25 for accumulating lubricating oil is formed on the outer periphery of the gently inclined cone portion 23 of the movable cam portion 14.

  The dimples on the dimple surface 25 are formed by projecting steel balls onto the outer peripheral surface of the gently inclined cone portion 23 of the movable cam portion 14. Specifically, the dimple is formed by projecting a steel ball having a diameter of 0.12 mm to 0.40 mm at a projection speed of 50 m / s or more, and is a micro dimple having a diameter of 4 μm to 20 μm. .

  Moreover, the projection of the steel ball is set so that the coverage is 100% or more. The coverage is an index of the total amount of shots on the object. Specifically, when paint is applied to a test piece and shot is performed, when the paint on the shot hit part is to be peeled off, the shot amount that the paint on the entire area is peeled is 100%, which is half of the entire area. The shot amount (usually proportional to the processing time) in such a state is defined as coverage so that the shot amount at which the paint peels off is 50%.

  The block 6 is provided integrally with the transmission, and is provided adjacent to the parking gear 3 on the outer side in the radial direction of the parking gear 3. The block 6 is formed with a base groove 26 that guides the cam body 5 in the axial direction of the cam shaft 12 and is movable in contact with the conical portion 24 of the movable cam portion 14 when the cam shaft 12 moves in the distal direction. A base guide portion 27 is formed for guiding the cam portion 14 toward the parking gear 3 and guiding it into the base groove 26. The base groove 26 is formed in a circular arc shape having an inner diameter that is the same as the outer diameter of the gently inclined cone portion 23 of the movable cam portion 14, and can receive the movable cam portion 14 in a wide area. . The base guide portion 27 is formed in a concave shape whose diameter increases from the base groove 26 toward the retreat direction of the cam body 5.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the shift lever 18 is moved to the parking position P, the second lever 20 of the intermediate lever mechanism 16 is pushed through the wire 17. This force is transmitted to the first lever 19 through the shaft 21, and the first lever 19 rotates in the same direction as the second lever 20. As a result, the cam shaft 12 is pushed toward the distal end, the conical portion 24 of the movable cam portion 14 is pushed against the guide portion 11 of the parking pole 4, and the parking pole 4 is swung toward the parking gear 3. When the pawl 9 of the parking pole 4 hits the tip of the tooth 3 a of the parking gear 3 and cannot engage with the parking gear 3, the movable cam portion 14 remains in a position where the conical portion 24 is pressed against the guide portion 11. When the parking gear 3 rotates slightly and the pawl 9 of the parking pole 4 is positioned between the teeth 3a, the movable cam portion 14 moves to the tip end side of the cam shaft 12 by the force of the spring 15, and the parking pole 4 is parked. The parking gear 3 and the pawl 9 of the parking pole 4 are engaged with each other by further swinging toward the gear 3 side. Thereafter, the movable cam portion 14 stops in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the gently inclined cone portion 23 is in contact with the receiving portion 10 of the parking pole 4 and the block 6.

  When the parking position is a slope, torque due to the vehicle weight generated in the tire is generated on the parking gear 3, a load in the direction of crushing the cam body 5 is generated on the parking pole 4, and the movable cam portion 14 is It is sandwiched between the parking pole 4 and the block 6. At this time, since the lubricating oil is always scattered in the transmission, and the dimple surface 25 is formed on the outer periphery of the gently inclined cone portion 23 of the movable cam portion 14, the lubricating oil is held in the dimple. .

  When the shift lever 18 is operated from this state and moved from the parking position P to another position, a force in the proximal direction acts on the cam shaft 12, and the movable cam portion 14 also moves in the proximal direction. Force acts. At this time, the movable cam portion 14 is sandwiched between the parking pole 4 and the block 6 with a high load, but the dimple on the outer peripheral surface of the gently inclined cone portion 23 that contacts the parking pole 4 holds the lubricating oil. Therefore, the lubricating oil held in the dimples is supplied to the contact portion between the parking pole 4 and the movable cam portion 14 even under a high load that causes the oil film to run out, and the contact between the parking pole 4 and the movable cam portion 14 occurs. Oil film breakage does not occur on the surface. For this reason, the contact surface between the parking pole 4 and the movable cam portion 14 does not adhere to wear and wear. And the friction coefficient of the parking pole 4 and the movable cam part 14 can be stabilized low, and the operation force required for lock release can be reduced.

  As described above, the dimple surface 25 for storing the lubricating oil is formed on the outer periphery of the gently inclined angle cone portion 23, so that the cam body 5 and the parking pole 5 can be parked without changing the size and shape of the cam body 5 and the parking pole 4. Oil film breakage on the contact surface with the pole 4 can be prevented, the friction coefficient can be stabilized low, and the operating force required for unlocking can be reduced.

  Further, the dimple surface 25 is made of a carburized material, and the dimples on the dimple surface 25 are provided with a steel ball having a diameter of 0.12 mm or more and 0.40 mm or less on the outer peripheral surface of the gently inclined cone portion 23 and the cone portion 24 of the cam at 50 m / In addition to being formed by projecting at a projection speed of s or more and having a diameter of 4 μm or more and 20 μm or less, the dimple surface 25 can be reliably formed on the cam body 5 and lubricating oil can be reliably applied to the dimple. Can be retained.

  In addition, the projection of the steel ball is such that a sufficient number of dimples can be evenly formed on the dimple surface 25 so that the coverage is 100% or more, a sufficient amount of lubricating oil can be retained, and the contact surface is stable. Thus, lubricating oil can be supplied.

  The cam body 5 is located closer to the base end side of the cam shaft 12 than the parking pole 4 when not parked, and enters between the parking pole 4 and the block 6 when the cam shaft 12 moves in the distal direction. Although explained, it is not limited to this. The cam body 5 is positioned closer to the distal end side of the cam shaft 12 than the parking pole 4 when not parked, and enters between the parking pole 4 and the block 6 when the cam shaft 12 moves in the proximal direction. Good. In this case, the cam body 5 is preferably provided on the cam shaft 12 with the axial direction reversed.

  Further, the dimple surface 25 is not limited to the outer periphery of the gently inclined angle cone portion 23 of the movable cam portion 14, and may be formed on the surface of the operating lever portion 8 of the parking pole 4. Also by this, the lubricating oil can be held on the contact surface between the cam body 5 and the parking pole 4, the oil film can be prevented from being cut, and the operating force required for unlocking can be reduced.

  4 to 10 show a state where the dimple surface after the steel ball is projected on the parking pole 4 under the above-described conditions is photographed with an electron microscope. As shown in the figure, it is understood that dimples having a diameter of 4 to 20 μm can be formed in each part.

  Further, FIG. 11 is a photograph taken after using the contact surface of the parking pole according to this embodiment under a high surface pressure load (Example), and FIG. 12 is a parking pole having no dimple surface. Is taken after using the same under the same load condition (comparative example). In the final finishing method of the parking pole shown in FIG. 11, after carburizing and quenching, the scale is removed, and a steel ball is projected under the above-described conditions to form a dimple surface on the operating lever portion. In the final finishing method of the parking pole shown in FIG. 12, only scale removal is performed after carburizing and quenching.

  In the comparative example shown in FIG. 12, an oil film breakage occurs on the use surface, and peeling of the surface due to fusion occurs, whereas in the example shown in FIG. 11, there is no separation due to fusion on the use surface, It can be seen that the seizure limit load is improved.

  FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the torque on the parking gear and the operating torque of the camshaft when the lock is released. A solid line in the figure indicates a case where a dimple surface is formed on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral surface of the gently inclined cone portion of the movable cam portion, and a broken line indicates a case where the dimple surface is not formed.

  As shown in the figure, when the dimple surface is formed, the operating torque of the camshaft can be suppressed smaller and the friction coefficient of the contact surface can be stabilized lower than when the dimple surface is not formed. I understand.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Parking mechanism 2 Output shaft 3 Parking gear 4 Parking pole 5 Cam body 8 Actuation lever part 9 Claw 12 Cam shaft 23 Slow inclination angle cone part (working side cone part)
24 Conical part (Non-acting side conical part)
25 Dimple surface

Claims (2)

A parking gear that is provided on the output shaft of the transmission and is directly coupled to the tire to lock the tire, and a parking that is provided in a swingable manner in the transmission and engages with the parking gear during parking to lock the parking gear. And a camshaft that is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat in a direction intersecting with the operation lever portion of the parking pole, and that enters the position where the parking pole is operated during parking and is retracted when not parking The camshaft has a non-operating side conical portion that engages with the operating lever portion during non-parking and is continuous with the non-operating side conical portion. A parking mechanism for a transmission comprising: a cam body having a working cone that swings to a position where the
The outer periphery of the active conical portion of the cam member or, wherein the actuating lever of the parking pawl, dimples surface is for storing lubricating oil is formed,
The dimple surface is made of a carburized material, and the dimple on the dimple surface has a diameter of 0.12 mm or more and 0.40 mm or less on the outer peripheral surface of the working side cone portion of the cam or the surface of the operating lever portion of the parking pole. It is formed by projecting a sphere at a projection speed of 50 m / s or more and a diameter of 4 μm or more and 20 μm or less.
The parking mechanism for a transmission, wherein the parking pole and the working side conical portion are made of a carburized material . The parking mechanism for a transmission according to claim 1 , wherein the steel ball projection has a coverage of 100% or more.