JP6130740B2 - Composite impeller - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an impeller made of a composite material, and more particularly to an impeller formed of fiber reinforced resin.

Among fluid machines, there are a plurality of blades attached to the hub, and there are blowers, compressors and pump impellers that give energy to the fluid, and water turbines and turbines that receive energy from the fluid There is an impeller.
These impellers are known to be made of fiber reinforced resin in order to further reduce the moment of inertia while ensuring strength.

  For example, it is shown in Japanese Patent No. 3018853 (Patent Document 1), US Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0124994 and drawings (Patent Document 2).

This Patent Document 1 discloses a fiber reinforced resin impeller, which shows an inexpensive fiber reinforced resin impeller that suppresses the generation of noise unique to a turbocharger-equipped vehicle.
In order to prevent the generation of abnormal noise, this is achieved by managing the gap formed between the inner surface of the shaft hole of the impeller and the outer surface of the shaft. In particular, the clearance relationship between the shaft hole diameter at the back plate side shaft hole diameter management part that contacts the inner surface of the shaft hole of the impeller and the boss side shaft hole diameter management part and the shaft diameter of the shaft that fits into the shaft hole. It has been shown that the occurrence of abnormal noise is prevented by setting it within a certain range.

  Moreover, in patent document 2, the compressor impeller 10 of the turbocharger is formed of fiber reinforced resin in FIGS. 1 to 4 of the document, and a plurality of compressor blades 26 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hub 12 extending in the axial direction. When the compressor blade 26 is shown to be formed of a resin containing continuous fibers 38, and the direction of the continuous fibers is oriented in the radial direction 25 of the rotating shaft (FIG. 2 of Patent Document 2), The case where it is oriented in the direction 29 along the direction of the hub outer peripheral surface (FIG. 3) and the case where it is oriented in the combined direction (FIG. 4) is shown. Further, it is shown that the hub 12 is reinforced with discontinuous fibers 32.

Japanese Patent No. 3018853 US Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0124994

  However, although the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 discloses a fiber reinforced resin impeller, noise is prevented by managing a gap formed between the inner surface of the shaft hole of the impeller and the outer surface of the shaft. It is a technology and has not been disclosed until fiber orientation is suitable for high durability.

Patent Document 2 discloses a compressor impeller of a turbocharger made of fiber reinforced resin. The compressor blade 26 is made of a resin including continuous fibers 38 oriented in a specific direction. This part is formed of a resin containing discontinuous fibers 32.
In general, radial and circumferential stresses act in a complex manner on the hub on which the blades are mounted. In particular, centrifugal stress due to rotation acts on the outer periphery of the hub, and the impeller is a compressor. However, when the impeller is a turbine, the outer peripheral part is likely to be heated to a high temperature due to the inflow of high-temperature working gas from the outer peripheral part. In many cases. Furthermore, the stress by the fall of a wing | blade acts on the base part of a wing | blade.

  Therefore, if the entire hub is formed of discontinuous fiber resin, it is difficult to obtain a reinforcing action due to the arrangement of continuous fibers, which may cause problems in the durability of the entire hub, and the blade made of fiber reinforced resin having high durability. Car realization becomes difficult.

  Further, since the wing portion is attached along the outer peripheral surface of the hub and must be disposed in the housing with a predetermined gap, dimensional accuracy as a wing shape is required. Manufacturing a complicated blade shape including continuous fibers oriented in a specific direction tends to increase the number of manufacturing steps and the manufacturing cost.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of such technical problems, and is composed of a plurality of blades attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hub, and is provided with a blower, a compressor, a pump impeller, or a fluid that gives energy to the fluid. In the impeller of a fluid machine such as a turbine or turbine that receives energy from the hub, the hub part is formed of continuous fiber resin, the wing part is formed of discontinuous fiber resin, and the orientation of the continuous fiber is improved to have high durability. An object of the present invention is to provide a composite impeller that is easy to manufacture.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is formed by a hub portion provided on a rotating shaft and a plurality of wing portions attached to an outer peripheral surface of the hub portion, and gives energy to a fluid. Or in an impeller of a fluid machine that receives energy from a fluid,
The wing portion is formed of a discontinuous fiber resin in which discontinuous fibers are coated with a resin, the hub portion is formed of a continuous fiber resin made of a prepreg in which continuous fibers are impregnated with resin, and the continuous fibers are perpendicular to the rotation axis. A linear continuous fiber having a plurality of orientations so as to intersect in the plane, and an annular continuous fiber having an orientation in the circumferential direction, the annular continuous fiber is It is provided only in the outer peripheral part of the hub part, only in the inner peripheral part, or only in the inner peripheral part and the outer peripheral part .

According to this invention, the wing portion is formed of a discontinuous fiber resin in which discontinuous fibers are coated with a resin, and the hub portion is a continuous prepreg made by impregnating a resin with continuous fibers in which the orientation of the fibers is arranged in a certain direction. It is formed by a fiber resin.
Thus, since the impeller is formed by combining the discontinuous fiber resin and the continuous fiber resin, a light and high-strength impeller can be formed.

  Pre-preg means that the resin has been impregnated in advance, and refers to an intermediate material into which the resin has been impregnated. Therefore, since the hub portion is constituted by the prepreg in which the continuous fiber is impregnated with the resin, it is easy to manufacture the hub portion made of the continuous fiber reinforced resin material.

  Further, since the continuous fibers are oriented in a plurality of directions so as to intersect in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, the continuous fibers act in the direction of increasing the strength against centrifugal stress and circumferential stress, and the hub portion Strength can be improved and high durability can be realized.

Preferably, the linear continuous fibers have orientations in four directions that intersect at least 45 °.

  In the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the hub portion, as shown in FIG. 4 (rear view as seen from the back side of the hub portion), a large amount of circumferential stress appears on the center side of the diameter, and a radial stress appears on the center portion. Appears greatly, and circumferential stress appears greatly on the outer peripheral side due to the effect of the root of the blade. As described above, since stresses in various directions coexist, in order to secure the strength and to orient the fibers without deviation, the fibers must have at least 45 ° crossing at right angles to the rotation axis and have four orientations. Desirably, this makes it possible to effectively improve the strength of the fiber.

  In the present invention, preferably, the hub portion is formed by laminating a plurality of disc prepreg sheet members having different diameters in the rotation axis direction.

  Thus, since the hub portion is formed by laminating the disk-shaped prepreg sheet members in the rotation axis direction, the hub portion can be easily manufactured.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the continuous fibers have continuous fibers in which the orientation in a certain direction is continuous in the circumferential direction .

  Thus, the strength against circumferential stress can be improved by having continuous fibers oriented in the circumferential direction.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the ratio a is mixing ratio of the number of the annular number and the linear continuous fibers of the continuous fibers in perpendicular plane of the rotary shaft of the continuous fibers of the annular, axial position It is preferable that the strength in the axial direction of the hub portion is made uniform by changing according to the above.

In this way, by changing the blending ratio of the continuous fibers in the circumferential direction , it is possible to eliminate the unevenness of the strength in the axial direction and the radial direction of the hub portion and make it uniform.

  Preferably, in the present invention, a hub outer peripheral portion to which the wing portion is attached is formed of the discontinuous fiber resin, and the hub outer peripheral portion and the wing portion are integrated to form a winged hub outer peripheral portion, The outer peripheral portion of the winged hub may be formed by being joined to the hub body side.

  In this way, by adopting an integrally molded structure as the outer peripheral portion of the winged hub, it is possible to increase the bonding area and increase the bonding strength, rather than directly attaching the base of the wing portion to the outer peripheral surface of the hub portion. This improves the attachment strength of the wings.

  In the present invention, preferably, the joint boundary surface between the outer peripheral portion of the winged hub and the hub body side is formed by an inclined surface so that the diameter of the joint boundary surface gradually changes in the axial direction of the hub portion. Good.

  As described above, since the diameter of the joint interface between the outer peripheral portion of the hub with wings and the hub body side is inclined so as to gradually change in the axial direction of the hub portion, a sudden change in rigidity of the hub portion is caused. Can be prevented. That is, since it is possible to prevent the joining area between the continuous fiber resin and the discontinuous fiber resin from changing suddenly in the axial direction, the strength of the impeller as a whole can be stabilized.

  In the present invention, preferably, the rotating shaft is integrally formed with the hub portion.

  In this way, the rotating shaft and the hub portion are integrally molded and integrated, so that it is not necessary to separately install the rotating shaft to the impeller, and the assembly man-hour for the compressor and turbine equipped with the impeller is reduced. Can be reduced.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the impeller is an impeller of a centrifugal compressor of an exhaust turbocharger that is rotated by an exhaust gas flow of an engine.

  In this way, by configuring the centrifugal compressor of the exhaust turbocharger with the above-described impeller made of the composite material, the moment of inertia is reduced and the durability is high, which contributes to improvement of engine performance. it can.

  According to the present invention, it is composed of a plurality of blades attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hub, and is used for a fan, a compressor, a pump impeller for giving energy to a fluid, or a fluid machine such as a turbine or a turbine for receiving energy from a fluid. In the impeller, the hub portion is formed of continuous fiber resin, the wing portion is formed of discontinuous fiber resin, and the orientation of the continuous fiber is improved to obtain a composite impeller that is highly durable and easy to manufacture. .

It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the basic embodiment of this invention, and shows the whole structure which applied the impeller made from a composite material to the impeller of a centrifugal compressor. It is expansion explanatory drawing of the impeller of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the disk prepreg sheet | seat member which comprises the hub part of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the back view (view of the arrow Z direction of FIG. 1) which looked at the hub part from the back side. It is description which shows the orientation of the continuous fiber which comprises the disk prepreg sheet member in basic embodiment and 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the modification of 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of 3rd Embodiment. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of 4th Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the manufacturing process of the impeller of 4th Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole manufacturing process of the impeller made from a composite material.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in the following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, and are merely descriptions. It is just an example.

( Basic embodiment)
Figure 1 shows a composite material of the impeller 1 according to the basic embodiment of the present invention, the impeller 1 shows an impeller of a centrifugal compressor of the exhaust turbocharger provided in an engine as an example.
In FIG. 1, a centrifugal compressor (compressor) 3 of an exhaust turbocharger is configured such that the rotational force of a turbine rotor (not shown) driven by engine exhaust gas is transmitted via a rotary shaft 5.

  In the centrifugal compressor 3, the impeller 1 is supported in a compressor housing 9 so as to be rotatable about the rotation axis M of the rotary shaft 5. An intake passage 11 that guides the intake gas before being compressed, for example, air, to the impeller 1 extends in the direction of the rotation axis M and concentrically in a cylindrical shape. An intake port 13 connected to the intake passage 11 opens at an end of the intake passage 11.

  A diffuser 15 extending in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis M is formed outside the impeller 1, and a spiral air passage 17 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the diffuser 15. The spiral air passage 17 forms the outer peripheral portion of the compressor housing 9.

  Further, the impeller 1 is provided with a hub portion 19 that is driven to rotate about the rotation axis M, and a plurality of blade portions 21 on the outer peripheral surface of the hub portion 19. A metal rotary shaft 5 is press-fitted and coupled to the inner peripheral hole of the hub portion 19.

Moreover, the wing | blade part 21 draws in air from the inlet port 13 by rotating, and compresses the air which passed the intake passage 11, and it does not specifically limit about a shape. For this reason, it may be a splitter blade in which short blades and long blades are implanted.
Further, the wing portion 21 includes a front edge 21a that is an upstream edge portion, a rear edge 21b that is a downstream edge portion, and an outer peripheral edge (outer peripheral portion) 21c that is a radially outer edge portion. The outer peripheral edge 21 c is formed as a side edge portion covered with the shroud portion 23 of the compressor housing 9. And the outer periphery 21c is arrange | positioned so that the vicinity of the inner surface of the shroud part 23 may be passed.

  The impeller 1 of the compressor 3 is rotationally driven about the rotational axis M by the rotational driving force of the rotational shaft 5. Then, outside air is drawn in from the intake port 13 and flows between the plurality of blade portions 21 of the impeller 1, and flows into the diffuser 15 disposed on the radially outer side mainly after the dynamic pressure is increased. Then, a part of the dynamic pressure is converted into a static pressure, the pressure is increased, and the dynamic pressure is discharged through the spiral air passage 17. Then, pressurized air is supplied to the internal combustion engine.

As described above, the impeller 1 includes the hub portion 19 attached to the rotating shaft 5 and rotated, and the plurality of blade portions 21 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hub portion 19. The portion 21 is formed of a discontinuous fiber resin in which discontinuous fibers 22 of short fibers or long fibers are coated with a resin.
On the other hand, the hub portion 19 is formed of a continuous fiber resin made of a prepreg obtained by impregnating the continuous fiber 24 with a resin.

  As described above, the prepreg is a molded intermediate product in which a reinforcing fiber is impregnated with a matrix resin, and generally has a sheet shape.

The following materials are used as the fiber material and the matrix resin material in the discontinuous fiber resin and the continuous fiber resin of the present invention.
As the reinforcing fiber, various inorganic fibers and organic fibers such as carbon fiber, aramid fiber, nylon fiber, high-strength polyester fiber, glass fiber, boron fiber, alumina fiber, silicon nitride fiber, or a combination thereof should be used. Can do. Among these, carbon fiber is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of excellent specific strength and specific elasticity.

In addition, as the matrix resin of the present invention, a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin can be used.
Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyester such as liquid crystal polyester, polyolefin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, Fluororesin such as polyketone, polyetherketone, polyetheretherketone, polyetherketoneketone, polyethernitrile, polytetrafluoroethylene, crystalline resin such as liquid crystal polymer, styrene resin, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate , Polyvinyl chloride, polyphenylene ether, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, polysulfone, polyether Sulfone, amorphous resins such as polyarylate, other phenolic resins, phenoxy resins. Examples of the thermosetting resin include epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, vinyl ester resins, phenol (resole type) resins, urea / melamine resins, and polyimide resins. In addition, you may apply these copolymers, a modified body, and / or resin which blended these 2 or more types.

As the fiber length, short fibers having an average fiber length of about 0.5 to 1 mm 2 or long fibers of about 5 to 10 mm are used and molded. And after shaping | molding, the orientation of these short fibers and long fibers does not have fixedness, but is oriented in arbitrary directions and has discontinuity.
On the other hand, the continuous fiber resin described above has a fiber length exceeding 10 mm and is aligned with a certain orientation of the fibers.

As continuous fiber resin which comprises the hub part 19 of this embodiment, specifically, a fiber is carbon fiber and matrix resin is a combination, such as polyamide.
Further, as the discontinuous fiber resin, specifically, the fibers are carbon fibers and the length is about 10 mm, and the matrix resin is a combination of polyamide or the like.

  Specifically, as the continuous fiber resin, a plurality of prepreg material sheets (for example, having a thickness of 15 to 500 μm) formed into a sheet shape by impregnating a continuous carbon fiber with a thermoplastic resin, the fiber direction is oriented in a predetermined direction. In this manner, the prepreg sheet member 25 having a certain thickness (for example, 0.5 to 4.5 mm) is formed.

  From this prepreg sheet member 25, a disk-shaped disk prepreg sheet member 25a having a diameter along the outer peripheral shape of the hub portion 19 is cut out (see FIG. 12A). The hub portion 19 is formed by further stacking a plurality of the disk prepreg sheet members 25a.

The orientation of the carbon fibers in each sheet of the prepreg sheet member 25 as viewed in the direction of the rotation axis M is a linear continuous fiber 24 indicated by L1-L4 in FIG. Of four directions so as to cross each other direction, that is, each 45 ° direction.
Continuous fibers are made of cloth material such as plain weave cloth that is formed by weaving in a mesh pattern, prepreg material sheet impregnated with resin in stitch fabric that weaves stitch yarn and fixes the fiber bundle, or is not woven However, when the prepreg sheet member 25 is formed by stacking a plurality of prepreg material sheets impregnated with resin by aligning only the fibers in one direction, the fiber orientations in the prepreg material sheet intersect each other in the 45 ° direction. Thus, they may be overlapped.
In addition, as for the orientation, it is only necessary to be arranged in four directions at least in the 45 ° direction, and fibers intersecting at a narrower angle than this may be further arranged to have orientations in four or more directions.

  The hub portion 19 formed of a continuous fiber resin made of a prepreg in which a continuous fiber is impregnated with a resin and the wing portion 21 formed of a discontinuous fiber resin are formed at the time of injection molding of the wing portion 21 using the discontinuous fiber resin. At the same time, the impeller 1 is formed.

Thus, since the impeller 1 is formed by combining the discontinuous fiber resin and the continuous fiber resin, a lightweight and high-strength impeller can be formed.
Further, since the continuous fiber has four orientations at least at 45 ° in the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, the continuous fiber increases the strength against centrifugal stress and circumferential stress. By acting, the strength of the hub portion 19 can be improved, and high durability can be realized.

  FIG. 4 is a view of the hub portion 19 of FIG. 1 as viewed from the back side, and shows a back view in the arrow Z direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the circumferential stress is large due to the rotational force from the rotating shaft 5 acting on the center side of the hub portion 19, the radial stress due to centrifugal force is large at the central portion, and the root of the blade is on the outer circumferential side. The stress in the circumferential direction appears greatly due to the influence of the wings falling down. As described above, since stresses in various directions coexist, the strength of the hub portion 19 can be ensured by having an arrangement in four directions so as to intersect at least 45 ° in the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis. Can be done effectively.

Next, an outline of a manufacturing method of the impeller 1 will be described with reference to FIG. The main flow of the manufacturing method is that a prepreg is used to preform the hub portion 19 with a continuous fiber resin, and the preformed hub portion 19 is set in a mold of an injection molding machine or pre-formed in the mold. Foam molding is performed, and then the discontinuous fiber resin is injected into the mold to inject the wing portion and fuse with the prepreg. Then cool and take the product out of the mold.
That is, the hub part 19 is preformed by continuous fiber resin using a prepreg, and the preformed hub part 19 is set in a mold of an injection molding machine to perform insert molding.

  First, as shown in FIG. 12 (A), a plurality of prepreg material sheets and a prepreg sheet member 25 formed by overlapping so that the fiber direction is oriented in a predetermined direction are formed. A disc prepreg sheet member 25a having a diameter of 5 mm is cut. A plurality of diameters along the outer peripheral shape of the hub portion 19 are cut out.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12B, the disk prepreg sheet member 25a cut out to the predetermined diameter is overlapped and set in the mold 30 (movable mold 30a, fixed mold 30b) of the injection molding machine 28. Then, the pressure is reduced from the back side, and the mold is clamped to perform a preform (preliminary molding) in the mold. At that time, the preform in the mold is facilitated by preheating at a temperature not higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin constituting the disk prepreg sheet member 25a.
Also, when the hub portion 19 preformed in a separate process is set in the mold of the injection molding machine, the mold temperature is set to a cold temperature not higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin constituting the disk prepreg sheet member 25a. By doing so, the shape of the preform can be secured without being deformed in the mold, and insert molding becomes possible.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12 (C), discontinuous long fiber resin is injected into the mold to the disk prepreg sheet member 25a preformed in the mold, and each disk prepreg sheet member 25a. The wings 21 are also integrally molded with discontinuous long fiber resin. At that time, the disk prepreg member 25a and the discontinuous long fiber resin are fused. Then, holding and cooling are performed in the mold.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12D, the impeller 1 is taken out as a molded product.

Thus, since the hub part 19 is formed by laminating the disk prepreg sheet members 25a in the rotation axis direction, the manufacture of the hub part 19 is facilitated.
Further, since the wing portion 21 is manufactured by injection molding using a discontinuous long fiber resin, it is possible to manufacture even the complicated shape of the wing portion 21 and easy to manufacture the wing portion 21 with ensured strength. It is.
In FIG. 2, the entire hub portion 19, that is, the entire axial direction is formed by laminating the disk prepreg sheet member 25 a, but it may be a partial range in the axial direction, and the remaining portion is Alternatively, the discontinuous long fiber resin may be used.

(First Embodiment)
The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
This 1st Embodiment further includes what made the orientation of the fiber in the disk prepreg sheet member 25a which constitutes hub part 19 of a basic embodiment the circumference direction.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the continuous direction of the continuous fibers of the prepreg material sheet constituting the disk prepreg sheet member 25a is arranged in the circumferential direction L5 in addition to the linear continuous fibers 24.

  By providing continuous fibers oriented in the circumferential direction, the strength against circumferential stress can be improved. In particular, the strength against the circumferential stress caused by the centrifugal force can be improved by providing the outer circumferential portion where the centrifugal stress acts greatly. Further, by providing the rotating force from the rotating shaft 5 on the inner peripheral portion of the hub portion that acts on the hub portion 19, the strength against the circumferential stress due to the rotating force from the rotating shaft 5 can be improved.

Further, the blending ratio in the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the continuous fibers in the circumferential direction may be changed at the axial position, for example, the tip portion having a smaller diameter of the hub portion 19 is blended so as to increase. Yes.
Since the outer diameter shape of the back surface portion is the largest, the circumferential stress is increased by the action of centrifugal force, so the blending ratio is increased in the back surface portion.

  This blending ratio refers to the ratio between the number of continuous fibers 34 in the circumferential direction and the number of linear continuous fibers 24 per one disk prepreg sheet member 25a or per unit axial length. .

  Instead of adjusting the blending ratio per disk prepreg sheet member 25a, the number of installed disk prepreg sheet members 25a having continuous fibers 34 in the circumferential direction may be adjusted, and these disk prepregs may be adjusted. The adjustment of the blending ratio per sheet member 25a and the adjustment of the number of installed disk prepreg sheet members 25a having continuous fibers in the circumferential direction may be combined.

  Thus, as the diameter of the hub portion 19 is reduced, the action of the rotational force from the rotary shaft 5 is greatly affected, and the ratio of the circumferential stress to the radial stress is increased to correspond to the circumferential direction. By increasing the blending ratio of the continuous fibers, the strength of the hub portion 19 in the axial direction can be eliminated and uniform.

( Second Embodiment)
The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the second embodiment, the continuous fibers 34 in the circumferential direction are not arranged in the disk prepreg sheet member 25a constituting the hub portion 19 of the first embodiment, and the prepreg tape member 25b is attached around the rotation axis. The hub portion 19 is formed by arranging continuous fibers 34 in the circumferential direction.

That is, the prepreg tape member 25b made of at least one layer of prepreg tape in which the continuous fibers 34 are impregnated with resin is wound around the rotary shaft 5 so that the continuous fibers are oriented in the circumferential direction.
As shown in FIG. 6, the continuous fiber portion by the prepreg tape member 25b is provided in the outer peripheral portion of the back plate 20 and the inner peripheral portion around the rotation axis, and in the range from the central portion to the tip.
These portions are provided at locations where the centrifugal stress due to the rotation of the impeller 1 and the influence of the rotational force from the rotating shaft 5 are large, so that the strength improvement by the continuous fibers 34 in the circumferential direction can be greatly obtained.

  For the continuous fibers 34 in the circumferential direction, a prepreg UD tape (unidirectional tape, unidirectional tape) having a predetermined width W as shown in FIG. 6 when installed on the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side of the hub portion 19, The prepreg tape member 25b is formed so as to overlap in the radial direction so as to be wound around the rotation axis M.

Thus, by winding the prepreg tape member 25b in the radial direction, the continuous fibers in the circumferential direction can be more easily arranged than in the case where the continuous fibers are arranged in the circumferential direction in the disk prepreg sheet member 25a as in the first embodiment. 34 can be formed. As a result, the hub portion 19 can be easily disposed at a place where reinforcement by circumferential fibers is necessary.

FIG. 7 is a modification of the second embodiment. In FIG. 7, the back plate 20 of the hub portion 19 of the basic embodiment is formed by a disk prepreg sheet member 25a, and the other hub portion 19 is formed by winding the prepreg tape member 25b in a radial direction. is there.

Then, as described in the basic embodiment, the back plate 20 is oriented in four directions so as to intersect the directions of the linear continuous fibers 24 indicated by L1 to L4 in FIG. Is formed.
With this configuration, the back plate 20 can be effectively ensured in strength by having an arrangement in four directions so as to intersect at least 45 ° on the right-angle plane of the rotating shaft 5, and the back plate can be effectively secured. Since the outer periphery of 20 has a shape in which the outer diameter of the hub portion 19 is the largest, reinforcing the back plate 20 portion with continuous fibers 34 to increase the strength can effectively improve the strength of the entire hub portion 19. .
Therefore, the strength is secured by the back plate 20, and the parts other than the back plate 20 can be manufactured easily by wrapping the prepreg tape member 25b.

( Third embodiment)
A third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the hub outer peripheral portion 27a and the wing portion 21 are integrated to form a winged hub outer peripheral portion 29, and the winged hub outer peripheral portion 29 is joined to the hub body 27b side. Configured.

In FIG. 8, the hub portion 27 is formed by laminating a plurality of disk prepreg sheet members 25a in the axial direction in the same manner as the hub portion 19 in the basic embodiment, from the back surface to the axial length M1. The remaining portion of the axial length M2 is formed of the same discontinuous fiber resin as the wing portion 21.
And the winged hub outer peripheral part 29 with which the wing | blade part 21 and the hub outer peripheral part 27a were united is formed with the discontinuous fiber resin of a long fiber.

  Further, the joint boundary surface N between the inner peripheral surface of the hub outer peripheral portion 29 with the blade and the hub main body 27 b is inclined by the inclined surface S so that the diameter DN of the joint boundary surface N gradually changes in the axial direction of the hub portion 27. Is formed.

  Note that the inclined surface S may be curved and inclined in the axial sectional shape as shown in FIG. 8, or may be inclined linearly.

  In this way, by integrating the hub outer peripheral portion 27a and the wing portion 21 to form a winged hub outer peripheral portion 29 as an integral molding structure, the base of the wing portion 21 is attached directly to the outer peripheral surface of the hub portion 27. The bonding area can be increased to increase the bonding strength. Thereby, the attachment strength of the wing | blade part 21 can be improved.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the thickness t1 of the hub outer peripheral portion 27a of the winged hub outer peripheral portion 29 is at least equal to or greater than the thickness t2 of the wing portion 21. It is preferable in securing the strength of the base portion of the portion 21.

Further, since the diameter of the joint boundary surface N between the winged hub outer peripheral portion 29 and the hub main body 27b side is formed by an inclined surface so as to gradually change in the axial direction of the hub portion 27, for example, it goes to the tip portion. Accordingly, since the diameter is small, a sudden change in rigidity in the axial direction of the hub portion 27 can be prevented.
Thus, since it can prevent changing the joining area of continuous fiber resin and discontinuous fiber resin in an axial direction, the intensity | strength of the impeller 1 can be stabilized.

( Fourth embodiment)
The fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the rotating shaft 5 is integrally formed with the wing portion 21 to form the rotating shaft 31.

In FIG. 10, the portion excluding the tip portion 35 a of the hub portion 35 is formed by laminating the disk prepreg sheet member 25 a made of continuous fiber resin, as described in the basic embodiment. The distal end portion 31a and the distal end portion 35a of the hub portion 35 are connected to each other and further connected to the wing portion 21, and these portions are integrally formed of discontinuous long fiber resin.

As shown in FIG. 11, the rotary shaft 31 is manufactured by stacking disk prepreg sheet members 25a to form a preform, setting it in a mold, and discontinuity of long fibers in the mold. Resin is injected and molded.
In the mold, the tip portion 31a of the rotating shaft 31 and the tip portion 35a of the hub portion 35 are connected, and further the wing portion 21 is connected, and these portions are integrally formed of discontinuous long fiber resin.

  Thus, the rotating shaft 31, the hub portion 35, and the wing portion 21 are integrally molded and integrated, so that it is not necessary to separately attach the rotating shaft 31 to the impeller 33, and the impeller 33 is provided. The assembly man-hour for the compressor and turbine can be reduced.

It goes without saying that the structure of the impeller 1 and the orientation of continuous fibers described in the above embodiments may be appropriately combined.
For example, you may combine with the structure integrated to the rotating shaft 31 of 4th Embodiment using the winged hub outer peripheral part 29 of 3rd Embodiment.

  Further, the impeller 1 in each embodiment has been described with respect to the impeller constituting the centrifugal compressor 3 of the exhaust turbocharger. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, exhaust gas is introduced into the exhaust turbocharger. It may be an impeller of an exhaust turbine that generates a rotational force, or may be a compressor of a fluid machine other than the exhaust turbocharger, an impeller of a pump, or an impeller of a turbine.

  According to the present invention, in an impeller composed of a plurality of blades attached to a hub, the continuous fiber resin and the discontinuous fiber resin are formed in combination, and the orientation of the continuous fibers in the hub portion is improved to achieve high durability. Therefore, it is suitable for use in an impeller of a fluid machine such as a blower, a compressor, a pump, a water turbine, or a turbine.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 33 Impeller 3 Centrifugal compressor 5, 31 Rotating shaft 19, 27, 35 Hub part 20 Back plate 21 Wing part 22 Discontinuous fiber 24 Linear continuous fiber 25 Prepreg member (prepreg)
25a disk prepreg sheet member 25b prepreg tape member 27a hub outer periphery 27b hub main body 29 winged hub outer periphery 34 circumferential continuous fibers L1 to L4 alignment of linear continuous fibers L5 alignment of continuous fibers in the circumferential direction N joint interface S inclined surface

Claims (8)

In an impeller of a fluid machine that is formed by a hub portion provided on a rotating shaft and a plurality of wing portions attached to an outer peripheral surface of the hub portion, and gives energy to a fluid or receives energy from a fluid.
The wing portion is formed of a discontinuous fiber resin in which discontinuous fibers are coated with a resin, the hub portion is formed of a continuous fiber resin made of a prepreg in which continuous fibers are impregnated with resin, and the continuous fibers are perpendicular to the rotation axis. A linear continuous fiber having a plurality of orientations so as to intersect in the plane, and an annular continuous fiber having an orientation in the circumferential direction, the annular continuous fiber is An impeller made of a composite material, which is provided only on an outer peripheral portion of a hub portion, only on an inner peripheral portion, or only on an inner peripheral portion and an outer peripheral portion . 2. The composite impeller according to claim 1, wherein the linear continuous fibers have four orientations intersecting at least 45 °.   2. The composite impeller according to claim 1, wherein the hub portion is formed by laminating a plurality of disc prepreg sheet members having different diameters in a rotation axis direction. The ratio at which the mixing ratio of the number of number and said linear continuous fibers of the continuous fibers of said annular in a plane perpendicular to the rotational axis of the continuous fibers of the annular, the hub is varied depending on the axial position 2. The impeller made of a composite material according to claim 1 , wherein the strength of the portion in the axial direction is made uniform .   A hub outer peripheral part to which the wing part is attached is formed of the discontinuous fiber resin, and the hub outer peripheral part and the wing part are integrated to form a winged hub outer peripheral part. The impeller made of a composite material according to claim 1, wherein the impeller is joined to the main body side. The joint boundary surface between the outer peripheral portion of the bladed hub and the hub body side is formed by an inclined surface so that the diameter of the joint boundary surface gradually changes in the axial direction of the hub portion. 5. An impeller made of the composite material according to 5 . The impeller made of a composite material according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is integrally formed with the hub portion. The composite impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the impeller is an impeller of a centrifugal compressor of an exhaust turbocharger rotated by an exhaust gas flow of an engine. car.

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