JP6128432B2 - Anchor soundness inspection device and anchor soundness inspection method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for inspecting the soundness of chemical anchors and hole-in anchors provided in concrete, and more particularly to an inspection apparatus and method suitable for nondestructive inspection of concrete surfaces.

  Anchor bolts are known as means for setting external screws on walls, floors, ceilings, and the like made of concrete or the like afterward. And as an anchor bolt, what is called a chemical anchor and what is called a hole-in anchor are mainly known. What is called a chemical anchor is an anchor bolt of the type which fixes an anchor bolt via chemical | medical agents, such as an adhesive agent, with respect to the hole formed in the concrete surface, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1. On the other hand, what is called a hole-in anchor is an anchor bolt of a type that, as disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 2, urges the claw against the inner wall of the hole and prevents the claw and the wall surface from coming off. It is.

  There is a concern that the anchor strength of the anchor bolts buried in this way is lowered due to secular change after installation or the like. In view of such a situation, hitting inspection has been performed by hitting an anchor or a concrete surface around the anchor with a hammer or the like as a means for inspecting the soundness of the installation state without destroying the concrete surface. However, this method has a problem that the result of inspection greatly varies depending on the skill and skill of the inspector, and a quantitative result cannot be obtained.

  A technique disclosed in Patent Document 3 is known as a technique capable of solving such problems, inspecting an embedded state of an anchor bolt in a nondestructive manner, and quantitatively obtaining the result.

  In Patent Document 3, an exposed portion of an anchor bolt embedded in a state where a part thereof is exposed from a concrete surface is beaten, and an elastic wave generated by the beat is detected by a geophone, and soundness is confirmed by analysis thereof. A technique for judging is disclosed. Here, in addition to the case where the geophone is provided in the anchor bolt main body, the case where the geophone is arranged on the concrete surface around the position where the anchor bolt is embedded is cited.

  In such a technique, it is possible to know the state of peeling of concrete around the anchor bolt from the reflection state of the elastic wave inside the anchor bolt. Further, it is possible to know the presence or absence of a fracture surface in the surrounding concrete from the reflected state of the elastic wave detected on the concrete surface around the anchor bolt.

JP 61-237728 A JP-A-8-14228 JP 2010-203810 A

  Certainly, with the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3, it is possible to know whether or not peeling or cracking has occurred in the concrete in which the anchor bolt is embedded. However, the information that can be known with the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3 is the state of the concrete in which the anchor bolt is embedded, and the judgment on the soundness regarding the tensile strength depends on the experience of the inspector. I must.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an inspection apparatus and method capable of quantitatively inspecting and determining the soundness of an anchor embedded in a concrete surface.

  In order to achieve the above object, an anchor soundness inspection apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus for inspecting the soundness of an anchor embedded so as to be partially exposed from a concrete surface, and the anchor embedded position An impact means for generating an elastic wave by striking the surrounding concrete surface, a vibration receiving means for detecting the elastic wave propagated to the exposed portion of the anchor, and an axial load applied to the exposed portion of the anchor Comparing the first elastic wave detected before the axial load load and the second elastic wave after the axial load load detected by the vibration receiving means, and for the first elastic wave An arithmetic means for determining the soundness of the anchor based on a change in the second elastic wave is provided.

  Further, in the anchor soundness inspection apparatus having the above-described characteristics, the hitting means may be configured to enable mechanical hitting.

  Further, in the anchor health inspection apparatus having the above-described characteristics, the first elastic wave and the second elastic wave are compared with each other by the calculation means from the anchor position of the anchor by the hammering means. The amount of change in the degree of transmission relative to the amount of change in the plane distance to the hitting position is compared, and the determination of the soundness of the anchor by the calculating means is performed when the difference between the two values exceeds a predetermined range. The determination by the calculating means may be determined as unhealthy.

  An anchor soundness inspection method according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a method for inspecting the soundness of an anchor embedded so as to be partially exposed from a concrete surface. A first striking step for generating an elastic wave by striking the concrete surface around the buried position, and a first vibration receiving the first elastic wave resulting from the first striking step propagated to the exposed portion of the anchor And a second striking step of generating an elastic wave by striking the concrete surface around the anchor embedding position with an axial load applied to the exposed portion of the anchor, and propagating to the exposed portion of the anchor Comparing the first elastic wave and the second elastic wave with the second vibration receiving step for detecting the second elastic wave resulting from the second striking step, and the second elastic wave with respect to the first elastic wave of Based on the reduction, and having a a determination step of determining the integrity of the anchor.

  In the anchor soundness inspection method having the above-described characteristics, it is preferable that the first striking step and the second striking step have the same striking position on the concrete surface.

  In the anchor health inspection method having the above-described characteristics, the first striking step and the second striking step are repeated a plurality of times by changing the plane distance from the exposed portion of the anchor to the striking position. It is good to do so.

Furthermore, in the anchor health inspection method having the above-described characteristics, the comparison between the first elastic wave and the second elastic wave is performed by transmitting the change in the planar distance from the exposed portion of the anchor to the strike position. It is preferable to compare the degree of change and to determine that the soundness is unhealthy when the difference between the two values exceeds a predetermined range.

  According to the anchor soundness inspection apparatus and method having the above-described characteristics, it is possible to quantitatively inspect and determine the soundness of the anchors embedded in the concrete surface.

It is a figure showing the whole anchor health inspection device composition concerning an embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the load means in case the anchor is provided in the side wall surface. It is a figure which shows the flow in the case of implementing the anchor soundness inspection method which concerns on embodiment. It is a graph which shows the mode of the change of the transmissibility of the elastic wave in the state which does not apply a load, and the mode of change of the transmissibility of the elastic wave when a load is applied. It is a figure which shows the example in the case of applying the anchor soundness inspection apparatus which concerns on embodiment to a hole-in anchor.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of an anchor health inspection apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the soundness of an anchor (an anchor bolt 30 as a specific example in the embodiment) embedded so as to be partially exposed from the concrete surface 40 is considered. Inspect. An anchor soundness inspection apparatus (hereinafter simply referred to as an inspection apparatus 10) according to the embodiment is configured based on a striking means 12, a vibration receiving means 14, a loading means 16, and a calculation means 18. The anchor bolt 30 shown in FIG. 1 is inserted into a hole 42 formed in the concrete surface 40, and is fixed by filling a gap between the hole 42 and the embedded portion 30b of the anchor bolt 30 with a curable adhesive 44. It is a so-called chemical anchor.

  The striking means 12 is a means for striking the concrete surface 40 around the position where the anchor bolt 30 is embedded. The striking means 12 may be a manually operated function such as a hammer as long as the load, speed, etc. can be adjusted, but it is desirable to use a mechanical function such as a rebound hammer. This is because the striking force applied to the concrete surface 40 can be set at a constant speed and a constant load by employing a striking means that functions mechanically. In addition, when a rebound hammer is employ | adopted as the striking means 12, the compressive strength of the concrete around the site | part in which the anchor bolt 30 is embed | buried can also be investigated.

  The vibration receiving means 14 is a means for detecting the elastic wave generated by the striking means 12. The vibration receiving means 14 may be any means capable of detecting vibration, such as an acceleration sensor. For example, the sensor unit 14a and the main body 14b may be separated. The vibration receiving means 14 is attached to an exposed portion 30 a of the anchor bolt 30 from the concrete surface 40 and detects an elastic wave that has propagated through the anchor bolt 30. The mounting position of the vibration receiving means 14 may be the anchor bolt 30 itself, or may be a nut 32 screwed to the anchor bolt 30 as shown in FIG. In addition, when the vibration receiving means 14 is divided into the sensor part 14a and the main body 14b, as shown in FIG. 1, only the sensor part 14a should be attached to the anchor bolt 30 or its accessory.

  The loading means 16 is means for applying a new load to the anchor bolt 30 in the axial direction. For example, the loading means 16 for the anchor bolt 30 embedded so as to expose the exposed portion 30a vertically from the ceiling may be a weight or the like suspended from the anchor bolt 30 as shown in FIG. . On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the jack 16a or the fixed portion is embedded in the case where the exposed portion 30a is embedded in the vertically upward direction from the floor surface or the anchor bolt 30 embedded in the side wall surface. The jig 16b may be used so that a tensile or compressive force can be applied in the axial direction of the anchor bolt 30. In addition, what is necessary is just to attach the sensor which detects the distortion of the axial direction in the anchor bolt 30 about the load loaded on the anchor bolt 30. Regarding the sensor, the load cell 22 or the like may be used. The load cell 22 is configured based on a load cell sensor unit 22a and a load cell display unit 22b. In the load cell 22 having such a basic configuration, the load cell sensor portion 22a is attached to the exposed portion 30a of the anchor bolt 30, and the load load can be displayed on the load cell display portion 22b so as to be visible. This is because, by adopting a configuration capable of detecting the load load, the reproducibility of the load load can be obtained, and the inspection conditions can be made uniform in the inspection at a plurality of locations.

  The calculating means 18 is means for analyzing the elastic wave detected by the vibration receiving means 14. Therefore, the calculation means 18 is electrically connected to the vibration receiving means 14 and the addition / addition means 16. The calculation means 18 includes at least an interface 18a, an auxiliary storage unit 18b, a main storage unit 18c, and a calculation unit 18d. The interface 18a is a part that is connected to an external device, and converts various data signals. The auxiliary storage unit 18b is a large-capacity storage unit such as a hard disk drive. Elastic wave data detected by the vibration receiving means 14, data such as analysis results and determination results, a program for performing calculations, and the like are recorded in the auxiliary storage unit 18b. The main storage unit 18c is a memory or the like, and is a recording unit for temporarily reading out necessary data when performing a calculation by a calculation unit 18d described later. The calculation unit 18d is a processing device such as a CPU. The calculation unit 18d reads out necessary data from the calculation program and data recorded in the auxiliary storage unit 18b, expands them in the main storage unit 18c, and performs calculation and determination processing. The determination result is recorded in the auxiliary storage unit 18b in association with the data of the anchor bolt 30 as the inspection target. Further, the calculation unit 18d performs a process for outputting the determination result to the display unit 20 or the like as necessary.

Next, an anchor bolt soundness inspection method using the inspection apparatus having the above basic configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the vibration receiving means 14 is attached to the exposed portion 30a of the anchor bolt 30 to be inspected. The mounting location may be the anchor bolt 30 itself, or may be a nut 32 or the like screwed to the anchor bolt 30 as shown in FIG. 1 (step 10). Next, the striking position by the striking means 12 is determined on the concrete surface 40 around the position where the anchor bolt 30 is embedded (step 20). After determining the striking position, the plane distance Xi to the striking position is measured using the embedded position of the anchor bolt 30 as a base point (step 30).

  After the measurement of the plane distance Xi is completed, the striking means 12 strikes the concrete surface 40 at the strike position. The elastic wave generated by the hammering propagates through the concrete in which the anchor bolt 30 is embedded, and is transmitted to the embedded portion 30b of the anchor bolt 30. The elastic wave transmitted to the embedded portion 30b of the anchor bolt 30 propagates through the adhesive 44 fixing the anchor bolt 30 and the anchor bolt 30, and reaches the exposed portion 30a of the anchor bolt 30 (step 40). .

  The elastic wave that has reached the exposed portion 30a is detected by the vibration receiving means 14 (step 50). Information on the detected elastic wave is input to the calculation means 18 as an electrical signal. Based on the input information, the calculation means 18 obtains the transmission degree (transmission rate) of the vibration given by the detected elastic wave (step 60).

  Next, a new load by the loading means 16 is applied to the exposed portion 30a of the anchor bolt 30 in the direction along the axial direction (step 70). After the loading, the concrete surface 40 at the striking position is beaten again by the striking means 12. As described above, the elastic wave generated by the striking propagates through the concrete in which the anchor bolt 30 is embedded, and is transmitted to the embedded portion 30b of the anchor bolt 30 and the exposed portion 30a of the anchor bolt 30. The striking position after loading is the same as the striking position before loading. This is because the change in the degree of transmission when the same vibration is applied from the same position has the least disturbance elements and is suitable for determining the soundness determination (step 80).

  Then, the elastic wave reaching the exposed portion 30a is detected again by the vibration receiving means 14 (step 90), and analyzed and stored by the calculation means 18 (step 100).

After the detection of the first elastic wave and the second elastic wave is completed, the calculation means 18 compares the detection results. The comparison is performed by obtaining a difference between the transmission degree of the first elastic wave at a specific distance from the striking position and the transmission degree of the second elastic wave at a specific distance from the striking position. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the plane distance Xi, which is the distance between the striking position and the burying position, and the elastic wave transmission. In FIG. 4, a curve indicated by TR is a graph showing a change in the transmission degree of vibration (elastic wave) when no load is applied by the loading means 16. Meanwhile, the curve indicated by TR _W is a graph showing changes in transmission of the vibration when subjected to hammer strokes while applying an additional load by applying adding means 16 (elastic wave). The higher the integrity of the anchor bolt 30, a small difference between the transmissibility becomes the that the curve indicated by the curve and TR _W indicated by TR approximates, when the low soundness, so that the both diverge.

  In the difference, an allowable value that can be determined as “sound” in the soundness determination of the embedded state of the anchor bolt 30 is determined in advance, and this is set as a threshold value. And as a result of the comparison, when the difference in the degree of transmission exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it is determined as “unhealthy”. On the other hand, when the difference in the degree of transmission is smaller than the threshold value, it is determined as “healthy” (step 110). The means for calculating the degree of transmission is not particularly defined. For example, the degree of transmission is determined by F / F0 (F is the detected vibration force, F0 is the vibration force applied to the concrete surface (reference vibration force F0)). . Here, F is a vibration force detected by the receiving means 14, and F 0 is a vibration force applied to the concrete surface 40 by the striking means 12. When a rebound hammer or the like is employed as the hitting means 12, the vibration force applied to the concrete surface 40 can be regarded as constant. Therefore, the degree of transmission may be calculated using a predetermined (or obtained) constant vibration force as the reference vibration force (F0). If the vibration force applied by the striking means 12 is unknown, a vibration receiving means (not shown) for detecting the reference vibration force F0 may be provided at the striking position.

  The determination result guided by the calculation means 18 is displayed on the display means 20 and recorded in the auxiliary storage unit 18b. The information recorded in the auxiliary storage unit 18b is recorded in association with information for specifying the anchor bolt 30 to be inspected, the date of the inspection, and the like (step 120).

  Using the inspection apparatus 10 as described above, the soundness inspection of the anchor bolt 30 is performed, and the soundness of the anchor bolt 30 embedded in the concrete surface 40 is nondestructively and quantitatively inspected. Can be determined. Moreover, according to the above inspection methods, it is only necessary to hit the surrounding concrete surface 40 in which the anchor bolt 30 is embedded and to receive the elastic wave from the anchor bolt 30 or the anchor bolt 30 accessory. Therefore, it can be implemented without changing the existing structural system.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the 1st hit | damage process, the 2nd hit | damage process, the 1st vibration receiving process, and the 2nd vibration receiving process were set to once each. However, the steps from Step 40 to Step 100 in FIG. 3 may be performed a plurality of times by changing the plane distance Xi and the circumferential position based on the embedded position of the anchor bolt 30. This is because the accuracy of soundness determination can be improved by repeating the inspection from various directions and distances.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, as the anchor bolt 30, it described that what was called a chemical anchor was test | inspected. However, the inspection by the inspection apparatus 10 according to the above embodiment can be an inspection target even for a so-called hole-in anchor type anchor bolt 31 as shown in FIG. This is because even in the case of the hole-in-anchor type anchor bolt 31, the elastic wave is transmitted to the exposed portion 31 a through the claw portion 31 b that is hooked on the inner wall surface of the hole 42 formed in the concrete surface 40.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, it demonstrates on the premise that a tensile load is mainly applied with respect to the exposed parts 30a and 31a regarding an applied load. However, the applied load may be a compressive load as long as it is in the axial direction of the anchor. This is because it is only necessary to obtain the difference in the propagation state of the elastic wave between the existing state and the applied state.

  The inspection apparatus 10 and the inspection method can be applied not only to anchors but also to inspection of a bonding state between different materials.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ......... Inspection device, 12 ......... Blowing means, 14 ......... Vibration means, 14a ......... Sensor part, 14b ......... Main body, 16 ......... Loading means, 16a ......... Jack, 16b ... ...... Fixing jig, 18 ......... Calculation means, 18a ......... Interface, 18b ......... Auxiliary storage section, 18c ...... Main storage section, 18d ......... Calculation section, 20 ......... Display means, 22 ......... Load cell, 22a ......... Load cell sensor part, 22b ......... Load cell display part, 30 ......... Anchor bolt, 30a ......... Exposed part, 30b ......... Embedded part, 31 ......... Anchor bolt, 31a ......... exposed part, 31b ......... claw part, 32 ......... nut, 40 ......... concrete surface, 40a ......... side wall surface, 42 ......... hole, 44 ......... adhesive.

Claims (7)

A device for inspecting the soundness of an anchor embedded so that a part is exposed from a concrete surface,
A striking means for generating an elastic wave by striking the concrete surface around the anchor embedded position;
Vibration receiving means for detecting the elastic wave propagated to the exposed portion of the anchor;
Loading means for applying an axial load to the exposed portion of the anchor;
The first elastic wave detected by the vibration receiving means before the axial load is compared with the second elastic wave after the axial load is applied, and the change of the second elastic wave with respect to the first elastic wave is compared. An anchor health inspection apparatus, comprising: an arithmetic means for determining the anchor health based on the above.   2. The anchor soundness inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the striking means is configured to enable mechanical striking. The first elastic wave and the second elastic wave are compared by the calculating means by comparing the amount of change in the degree of transmission with respect to the amount of change in the plane distance from the anchoring position to the striking position of the concrete surface by the striking means. And
The determination of the soundness of the anchor by the calculating means is characterized in that the determination by the calculating means is determined to be unhealthy when the difference between the two values exceeds a predetermined range. Or the anchor health inspection apparatus according to 2; A method for inspecting the integrity of an anchor embedded so that a part is exposed from a concrete surface,
A first striking step of striking the concrete surface around the anchor embedded position to generate an elastic wave;
A first vibration receiving step for detecting a first elastic wave caused by the first striking step propagated to the exposed portion of the anchor;
A second striking step of generating an elastic wave by striking the concrete surface around the embedded position of the anchor in a state where an axial load is applied to the exposed portion of the anchor;
A second vibration receiving step of detecting a second elastic wave caused by the second striking step propagated to the exposed portion of the anchor;
A determination step of comparing the first elastic wave with the second elastic wave and determining the soundness of the anchor based on a change in the second elastic wave with respect to the first elastic wave;
A method for checking the integrity of an anchor, comprising:   The anchor health inspection method according to claim 4, wherein the first striking step and the second striking step have the same striking position on the concrete surface.   6. The anchor soundness inspection method according to claim 5, wherein the first striking step and the second striking step are repeated a plurality of times while changing a planar distance from the exposed portion of the anchor to the striking position. . The first elastic wave and the second elastic wave are compared by comparing the amount of change in the degree of transmission with respect to the amount of change in the plane distance from the exposed portion of the anchor to the strike position, and the difference between the two values is determined in advance. The anchor health inspection method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein when the specified range is exceeded, the soundness is determined to be unhealthy.

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